RU2368106C2 - Planned and autonomous transmission and receipt confirmation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to communication engineering. Methods are disclosed for efficient transmission of signals to multiple mobile stations and back. Part of jointly used resource is distributed to subset of mobile stations by means of individual access permissions, part of jointly used resource may be distributed to another subset by means of single common permission, and another subset may be allowed to use part of jointly used resource without any permission. Command of receipt confirmation and permission prolongation is used to extend all or subset of previous permissions without necessity of additional requests and permissions and additional costs related to them.

EFFECT: lower load of communication system.

83 cl, 17 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

Priority claim under US Code §119

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to a new and improved method and apparatus for planned and autonomous transmission and acknowledgment.

State of the art

Wireless communication systems are widely used to provide various types of communication, such as voice and data communications. These systems may be based on code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), or some other multiple access technologies. A CDMA system provides certain advantages over other types of systems, including increased system performance.

A CDMA system can be designed to support one or more CDMA standards, such as (1) TIA (Industrial Communications Association) / EIA (Electronic Industry Association) -95-B Compatibility between a mobile station and a base station for dual-mode broadband cellular spread spectrum systems ”(IS-95 standard), (2) a standard proposed by a consortium called“ Third Generation Partnership Project ”(3GPP) and embodied in a number of documents, including Documents with 3G TS 25.211, 3G TS 25.212, 3G TS 25.213 and 3G TS 25.214 (standard W-CDMA), (3) a standard proposed by a consortium named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2) and embodied in the document “Physical Level TR-45.5 Standard for Spread Spectrum cdma2000 Systems” (IS-2000 standard), and (4) some other standards.

In the aforementioned standards, the available spectrum is simultaneously shared by a number of users, and technologies, such as power management and soft handoff, are used to maintain an adequate level of quality to provide delay-sensitive services such as voice communications. Data sharing services are also available. More recently, systems have been proposed that increase productivity for data exchange services by using higher order modulation, very fast feedback for the ratio of carrier frequency to the amount of interference (C / I) from the mobile station, very fast scheduling and scheduling of services that have more weakened delay requirements. An example of such a communication system only for exchanging data using these technologies is a high data rate (HDR) system that complies with the TIA / EIA / IS-856 standard (IS-856 standard).

In contrast to the other standards mentioned above, the IS-856 system uses the entire spectrum available in each cell to transmit data to a single user at a time, selected on the basis of the quality of the communication line. At the same time, the system spends more time as a percentage on sending data at higher speeds when the channel is good and, therefore, avoids the use of resources to support transmission at insufficient speeds. The resulting effect is a higher data capacity, increased peak data rates and increased average throughput.

Systems can combine support for working with delay-sensitive data, such as voice channels or data channels supported in the IS-2000 standard, along with support for packet data services, such as those described in the IS-856 standard. One such system is described in a proposal submitted by LG Electronics, LSI Logic, Lucent Technologies, Nortel Networks, QUALCOMM Incorporated, and Samsung to Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). This proposal is set forth in detail in documents called the “Updated Joint Physical Layer Proposal for 1xEV-DV”, submitted to 3GPP2 as document number C50-20010611-009, dated June 11, 2001; "The results of the study by modeling L3NQS", submitted for consideration in 3GPP2 as document number C50-20010820-011, dated August 20, 2001; and “System simulation results for the L3NQS structural proposal for cdma2000 1xEV-DV”, submitted to 3GPP2 as document number C50-20010820-012, dated August 20, 2001. These and related documents that were subsequently developed, such as edition C of the IS-2000 standard, including documents from C.S0001.C through C.S0006.C, are hereinafter referred to as the 1xEV-DV proposal.

In order to coordinate the use of the forward and reverse links in an efficient manner, a system such as the 1xEV-DV proposal, for example, may require various signaling mechanisms to control transmission between one or more base stations and one or more mobile stations. For example, mobile stations may need a mechanism to coordinate their data transmissions on the reverse link. Mobile stations will be generally dispersed over the cell coverage area, and they will need different power values for transmission by the base station for efficient transmission of signals or commands over the forward communication channel, as well as a mobile station for transmitting data over the reverse communication channel. Relatively remote or geometrically low located mobile station may require direct line commands with higher power, as well as transmission by a reverse channel of higher power compared to relatively close or geometrically high mobile stations. In any case, the signal transmission for coordinating access to the shared resource uses part of the shared resource and thereby reduces the total capacity. Examples of such signaling include access requests, access grants, and acknowledgment of transmissions of received data.

As is well known from the development of wireless systems, when a channel can be transmitted by using less power to provide the same reliability, system performance can be improved. In addition, reducing the overhead of coordinating signals while maintaining a shared resource, such as a communication link that is fully loaded, will also improve performance. There is, therefore, a need in the art for efficiently planning and coordinating transmission, as well as reducing the load on the system allocated for such coordination.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments disclosed herein address the need for efficient signal transmission to and from multiple mobile stations. In one embodiment, a subset of the mobile stations may be allocated a portion of the shared resource through one or more individual access permissions, another subset may be allocated a portion of the shared resource through a single shared permission, and still another subset may be allowed to use a portion of the shared resource without any any permissions. In another embodiment, an acknowledgment and permit renewal command is used to renew all or a subset of previous permissions without the need for additional requests and permissions and associated overhead. In one embodiment, the ratio of traffic to pilot (T / P) is used to distribute part of the shared resource, providing the mobile station the flexibility to choose its transmission format based on T / P. Various other aspects are also presented. These aspects have the advantage that they provide efficient use of reverse link capacity by meeting various requirements, such as low latency, high throughput, or differentiating service quality, and reducing the overhead of forward and reverse links to provide these benefits. thus preventing unnecessary interference and increasing productivity.

The invention provides methods and system elements that implement various aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention, as described in more detail below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The features, nature and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description below, taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which the same symbol symbols identify the corresponding elements throughout the description and on which:

Figure 1 is a general structural diagram of a wireless communication system capable of supporting a number of users;

Figure 2 shows a representative mobile station and base station configured in a system adapted for transmitting data;

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a wireless communication device, such as a mobile station or base station;

Figure 4 shows a representative embodiment of data and control signals for transmitting data on a reverse link;

5 is a timing chart illustrating autonomous transmission;

6 illustrates a representative system including mobile stations communicating with a base station scheduling;

7 illustrates system loading in response to permissions and autonomous transmission;

FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing the operation of a request and resolution along with autonomous transmission and operation of an F-CACKCH;

FIG. 9 is a timing diagram illustrating the typical action of an ACK-and-Continue confirmation and renewal command;

10 is a timing chart illustrating a general resolution action;

11 is a timing diagram illustrating a non-authorizing base station involved in decoding reverse link transmission from a mobile station and acknowledging receipt in a mobile station in soft handoff.

12 is a timing chart illustrating a representative embodiment in which a retransmission is given priority over a planned (scheduled) resolution;

13 is a timing chart illustrating the effect of a lost request;

14 is a timing diagram illustrating a delay due to a lost resolution;

15 is a flowchart illustrating a method for scheduling permissions and acknowledging transmissions;

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating requests, obtaining permissions and acknowledgments, and corresponding data transmission; FIG. and

17 is a flowchart illustrating a method for selecting transmission parameters in response to an existing T / P ratio.

Detailed description

Figure 1 represents the structure of a wireless communication system 100 that can be designed to support one or more code division multiple access (CDMA) and / or designs (e.g., W_CDMA standard, IS-95 standard, cdma2000 standard, HDR specification, proposal 1xEV-DV). In an alternative embodiment, system 100 may further support any wireless communication standard or design other than a CDMA system. In a typical embodiment, system 100 is a 1xEV-DV system.

For simplicity, the system 100 is shown to include three base stations 104 communicating with two mobile stations 106. The base station and its coverage area are often referred to collectively as a “cell”. In IS-95, cdma2000, or 1xEV-DV systems, for example, a cell may include one or more sectors. In the W-CDMA specification, each sector of a base station and the coverage area of this sector is called a cell. The term base station as used herein may be used interchangeably with the terms of an access point or node B. The term mobile station may be used interchangeably with the terms user equipment (UE), subscriber unit, subscriber station, access terminal, remote terminal, or other relevant terms known in the art. . The term mobile station covers specific wireless applications.

Depending on the CDMA system that is being implemented, each mobile station 106 may communicate with one (or possibly more) base stations 104 on a forward link at a given time and may communicate with one or more base stations on a reverse link depending on whether or not this mobile station is in a soft handover state. A forward link (i.e., a downlink) refers to transmission from a base station to a mobile station, and a reverse link (i.e., an uplink) refers to transmission from a mobile station to a base station.

While the various embodiments described herein are intended to provide reverse link or forward link signals to support reverse link transmission, and some may be in good agreement with the nature of reverse link transmission, those skilled in the art Those skilled in the art will understand that mobile stations, as well as base stations, can be equipped to transmit data as described herein, and aspects of the present invention apply in these situations too. The word "characteristic" is used here, exclusively referring to "serving as an example, individual case or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as “representative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or providing advantages over other embodiments.

Forward data transmission and reverse link power control in accordance with 1xEV-DV

System 100, such as described in the 1xEV-DV proposal, generally comprises four classes of forward link channels: auxiliary channels, dynamically changing IS-95 and IS-2000 channels, forward packet data channel (F-PDCH), and some spare channels . Assignments for the auxiliary channel change slowly; they may not change for months. They typically change when significant network configuration changes occur. Dynamically changing IS-95 and IS-2000 channels are assigned on a call basis or are used for packet services when IS-95 and IS-2000 are released from 0 to B. Typically available base station power remaining after the auxiliary ones have been assigned channels and dynamically changing channels, a direct packet data channel (F-PDCH) is assigned for the remaining data services. The Forward Packet Data Channel (F-PDCH) can be used for data services that are less sensitive to delays, while the IS-2000 channels are used for services that are more sensitive to delays.

The Forward Packet Data Channel (F-PDCH), similar to the IS-856 traffic channel, is used to forward data at the highest supported data rate to one user in each cell at a time. In the IS-856 standard, the full power of the base station and the full space of Walsh functions are available when transmitting data to a mobile station. However, in the proposed 1xEV-DV system, some base station power and some Walsh functions are assigned to auxiliary channels and existing IS-95 and cdma2000 services. The data rate that is supported depends primarily on the available power and Walsh codes after the power and Walsh codes for the auxiliary functions of the IS-95 and IS-2000 channels have been assigned. Data transmitted over the F-PDCH (forward channel for packet data) is distributed using one or more Walsh codes.

In the 1xEV-DV proposal, the base station mainly transmits to one mobile station on the F-PDCH at a given time, although many users can use the packet services in the cell. (It is also possible to transmit for two or more users by scheduling transmissions for these two or more users and allocating power and / or Walsh channels for each user accordingly.) Mobile stations are selected for forward channel transmissions based on some scheduling algorithm.

In a system like IS-856 or 1xEV-DV, scheduling is based in part on the quality of the channel feedback from the mobile station that is being served. For example, in the IS-856 standard, mobile stations evaluate the quality of the forward link and calculate the expected transmission rate so that it can be maintained for current conditions. The desired speed from each mobile station is transmitted to the base station. The scheduling algorithm may, for example, select a mobile station for transmission that supports a relatively higher transmission rate in order to make the use of a shared communication channel more efficient. As another example, in a 1xEV-DV system, each mobile station transmits an estimate of the carrier frequency to interference ratio (C / I) as an estimate of the quality of the channel on an indicator channel of the quality of the reverse channel, or R-CQICH. The scheduling algorithm is used to determine the mobile station selected for transmission, as well as the appropriate transmission speed and format in accordance with the channel quality.

 As described above, the wireless communication system 100 may support multiple users sharing communication resources at the same time, such as the IS-95 system, may allocate the entire communication resource to one user at a given time, like the IS-856 system, or may share the communication resource so to allow both types of access. The 1xEV-DV system is an example of a system that shares a communication resource between both types of access, and dynamically assigns a proportional distribution in accordance with a user request. The following is a brief description of the prior art in that aspect of how a communication resource can be allocated to provide various users in both types of access systems. Power control is described for simultaneous access for multiple users, as in channels of the IS-95 type. Velocity determination and scheduling is considered for time-sharing access for multiple users, as in the IS-856 system or in a 1xEV-DV type system (i.e., F-PDCH) related only to this section.

System performance, such as the IS-95 CRMA system, is determined in part by interference generated by the transmission of signals to and from various users within the system. A feature of a typical CRMA system is the coding and modulation of signals for transmission to and from the mobile station, so that the signals are perceived as interference generated by another mobile station. For example, in a direct communication channel, the quality of the channel between the base station and one mobile station is determined in part by interference from another user. In order to maintain the required level of operating characteristics of communication with a mobile station, the transmission power intended for this mobile station must be sufficient to overcome the power transmitted to other mobile stations served by this base station, as well as other disturbances and degradations experienced in this channel . Thus, to increase capacity, it is desirable to transmit the minimum power required for each served mobile station.

In a typical CDMA system, when multiple mobile stations transmit to a base station, it is desirable to receive multiple mobile station signals at the base station at a normalized power level. Thus, for example, the reverse link power control system can adjust the transmit power from each mobile station so that the signals from neighboring mobile stations do not overlap the power signals from the farther mobile stations. As with a forward link, keeping the transmit power of each mobile station at the minimum power level required to maintain the required level of performance provides capacity optimization in addition to other power saving benefits such as longer talk time and latency, reduced requirements to the battery, etc.

Capacity in a typical CDMA system, IS-95, is limited, among other factors, by interference from another user. Interference from another user can be attenuated by using power control. The overall system performance, including performance, voice quality, data rate and channel capacity, depends on the stations transmitting at the lowest power level to maintain the required level of performance whenever possible. To complete this, various power control technologies are known in the art.

One class of technology includes closed loop power control. For example, closed-loop power control may be used on the forward link. Such systems may use an internal and external power control loop in a mobile station. The external circuit determines the target received power level in accordance with the desired frequency of occurrence of errors during reception. For example, a target value of a frame error rate of 1% can be predetermined as a desired error rate. The outer loop can update the target received power level at a relatively low speed, such as once per frame or block. In response, the inner loop then sends up and down power control messages to the base station until the received power satisfies the target conditions. These internal power control commands occur relatively frequently, so as to quickly adjust the transmitted power to the level necessary to achieve the desired ratio of the received signal to the amount of noise and interference for efficient communication. As described above, maintaining the forward transmit power for each mobile station at the lowest level reduces the interference from another user that is visible at each mobile station and allows you to reserve the remaining available transmit power for other purposes. In a system such as IS-95, the remaining available transmit power can be used to communicate with additional users. In a system such as 1xEV-DV, the remaining available transmit power can be used to support additional users or to increase the throughput of a portion of this system dedicated to data processing only.

In a “data-only” system, such as IS-856, or a “data-only” system section, such as 1xEV-DV, a control loop can be used to control transmission from a base station to a mobile station in time sharing mode. For clarity, the following discussion may describe the transmission to one mobile station at a given time. This is done in order to distinguish between a simultaneous access system, an example of which is the IS-95, or the various channels of the cdma2000 system or the 1xEV-DV system. Two comments should be made at this point.

First, the terms “data-only” or “data channel” can be used to distinguish between a channel and voice channels or IS-95 type data channels (i.e., simultaneous access channels using power control, as described above) for clarity of consideration only. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the data-only channels or the data channels described herein can be used to transmit any type of data, including voice (for example, voice over the Internet or VOIP). The usefulness of a particular embodiment for a particular type of data may be determined in part by bandwidth requirements, latency requirements, and the like. Specialists in the art easily adapt various embodiments by combining any type of access with parameters selected to provide the desired levels of latency, throughput, quality of service, etc.

Secondly, a data-only part of the system, such as that described for 1xEV-DV, which is described as a time-sharing communication resource, can be adapted to provide direct access to more than one user at a time. In the examples given here, when a communication resource is described as a time-sharing resource for communicating with one mobile station or user for a certain period, those skilled in the art will easily adapt these examples so as to enable time-sharing transmission to or from more than one mobile station or user during this time period.

A typical communication system may include one or more channels of various types. More specifically, one or more data channels are typically used. It is also common for one or more control channels to use them, although in-band transmission of control signals may be included in the data channel. For example, in a 1xEV-DV system, a forward packet data control channel (F-PDCCH) and a forward packet data channel (F-PDCH) are defined for transmitting control commands and data, respectively, on the forward communication channel.

FIG. 2 illustrates a representative mobile station 106 and base station 104 configured in a system 100 adapted for transmitting data. Base station 104 and mobile station 106 are shown as communicating on the forward and reverse links. The mobile station 106 receives the forward link signals in the receiving subsystem 220. The base station, which communicates via the direct data channel and the control channel, described in detail below, may be referred to here as the serving station for the mobile station 106. A typical receiving subsystem with further details is described below with reference figure 3. An estimate of the carrier to interference ratio (C / I) is made for the forward link signal received from the serving base station at the mobile station 106. The C / I measurement is an example of a channel quality measure used as a channel estimate, and alternative channel quality measures may be used in alternative embodiments. The measurement result of the C / I value is delivered to the transmission subsystem 2210 at the base station 104, an example of which is described with further details below with reference to FIG. 3.

Transmission subsystem 210 delivers an estimated C / I through a reverse link through which it is delivered to a serving base station. Note that in a soft handoff situation well known in the art, reverse link signals transmitted from a mobile station may be received by one or more base stations other than the serving base station and referred to herein as non-serving base stations. The receiving subsystem 230 at the base station 104 receives C / I information from the mobile station 106.

A scheduler 240 at base station 104 is used to determine if and how data should be transmitted to one or more mobile stations within the coverage area of the serving cell. Any type of scheduling algorithm may be used within the scope of legal protection of the present invention. One example is disclosed in US patent application No. 08 / 798,951, entitled "Method and apparatus for scheduling forward link speed", filed February 11, 1997, submitted to the assignee of the present invention.

In a representative embodiment using 1xEV-DV, a mobile station is selected to transmit a forward link when a C / I measurement received from this mobile station indicates that data can be transmitted at a specific speed. An advantage is that in terms of system performance, select the target mobile station so that the shared communication resource is always used at its maximum supported level. Thus, a typical selected target mobile station may be the station with the largest reported C / I value. Other factors may also be taken into account when deciding on planning. For example, guarantees of a minimum quality of services may be given to various users. It may be that a mobile station with a relatively lower transmitted C / I value is selected for transmission to maintain a minimum data rate for this user.

In an example 1xEV-DV system, scheduler 240 determines which mobile station to transmit to, as well as the data rate, modulation format, and power level for that transmission. In an alternative embodiment, such as an IS-856 system, for example, a decision on a supported modulation rate / format may be made at the mobile station based on the channel quality measured at the mobile station and the transmission format may be transmitted to the serving base station instead of measuring the C / I. Those skilled in the art will recognize the myriad combinations of supported speeds, modulation formats, power levels, etc. that can be used within the scope of the legal protection of the present invention. Furthermore, although in the various embodiments described herein, scheduling tasks are performed at the base station, in alternative embodiments, part or all of the scheduling process may occur at the mobile station.

Scheduler 240 directs subsystem 250 for transmission to a selected mobile station via a direct communication channel using the selected speed, modulation format, power level, and the like.

In a typical embodiment, messages on a control channel, or F-PFCCH, are transmitted along with data on a data channel, or F-PDCH. The control channel can be used to identify the mobile station - the recipient of data on the F-PDCH, as well as to identify other communication parameters useful during the communication session. The mobile station should receive and demodulate data from the F-PDCH when the F-PDCCH indicates that this mobile station is the target of transmission. The mobile station responds on the reverse link after receiving such data through a message indicating success or failure of the transmission. Retransmission technologies, well known in the art, are widely used in data transmission systems.

A mobile station may communicate with more than one base station in a state known as soft handoff. Soft handoffs may include multiple sectors from one base station (or one base transceiver subsystem (BTS)), known as softer handoffs, as well as sectors from multiple base transceiver subsystems (BTS). Sectors of the base station during soft handoff are mainly stored in the active set of the mobile station. In a communication resource system that is simultaneously shared, such as IS-95, IS-2000, or in a corresponding section of a 1xEV-DV system, a mobile station can combine forward link signals transmitted from all sectors in the active set. In a system designed only for working with data, such as IS-856, or in the corresponding section of the 1xEV-DV system, the mobile station receives a forward link data signal from one base station in the active set of the serving base station (determined in accordance with the mobile selection algorithm stations such as those described in standard S.S0002.C). Other forward link signals, examples of which are given in further detail below, may also be received from a non-serving base station.

Reverse link signals from a mobile station may be received at multiple base stations, and reverse link quality is generally maintained for the base station in the active set. It is possible to combine reverse link signals received at multiple base stations. As a rule, soft combining of reverse link signals from unallocated base stations would require a significant bandwidth of the communication network with a very small delay, and therefore the characteristic systems listed above do not support it. With softer handoffs, reverse link signals received in multiple sectors in a single base transceiver subsystem (BTS) can be combined without network signals. While any type of combination of the reverse link signal can be used within the scope of the legal protection of the present invention, in the representative systems described above, reverse link power control maintains quality so that the reverse link frames are successfully decoded on the same base transceiver subsystem ( BTS) (variety of switching).

 In a system with a communication resource that is simultaneously shared, such as IS-95, IS-2000, or a corresponding section of the 1xEV-DV system, each base station in soft handoff with a mobile station (i.e., in the active set of a mobile station) measures pilot quality the reverse link signal of the mobile station and sends a stream of power control commands. In the IS-95 or IS-2000 system, ed. B, each stream is forwarded on the forward main channel (F-FCH) or direct dedicated control channel (F-DCCH), if any of them are assigned. The command flow for the mobile station is called the direct power control sub-channel (F-PCSCH) for this mobile station. The mobile station receives parallel flows of commands from all members of its active set for each base station (multiple sectors from one base transceiver subsystem (BTS), if everyone in the active set of the mobile station sends the same command to this mobile station) and determines if whether the command is up or down. The mobile station modifies the transmit power level of the reverse link, respectively, using the “Or-of-downs” rule, that is, the transmit power level decreases if any down command is received, and increases otherwise.

The transmit power level of the F-PCSCH is typically associated with an F-FCH or F-DCCH host level that carries the subchannel. The transmit power level of the F-FCH or F-DCCH host at the base station is determined by feedback from the mobile station via the reverse power control sub-channel (R-PCSCH), which occupies the last quarter of the reverse pilot channel (R-PICH). Since the F-FCH or F-DCCH from each base station forms a single stream of traffic channel frames, the combined decoding results of these branches are reported on the R-PCSCH. Erasing the information from the F-FCH or F-DCCH channels determines the required external loop installation point Eb / Nt, which in turn drives the internal loop commands on the R-PCSCH and, thus, the transmission levels of the base station on the F-FCH , F-DCCH, as well as F-PCSCH on them.

Due to potential differences in the return link path loss for each base station from a single mobile station during soft handoff, some of the base stations in the active set may not receive the R-PCSCH reliably and may incorrectly control the forward link power of the F-FCH channels , F-DCCH, and F-PCSCH. Base stations may need to rearrange the transmission levels between them so that the mobile station maintains the soft handoff gain with spatial diversity. Otherwise, some of the forward link gateways may carry little or no traffic signal energy at all due to feedback errors from the mobile station.

Since different base stations may require different transmit power of mobile stations for the same reverse link setup point or reception quality, power control commands from different base stations may be different and cannot be softly combined at a mobile station (MS). When new members are added to the active set (i.e., there is no soft handoff on the 1-way soft handoff, or from 1-way to 2-way, etc.), the transmission power of the F-PCSCH increases with respect to its host F-FCH or F-DCCH. This may be because the latter has both more spatial diversity (less than the total required Eb / Nt) and load distribution (less energy per branch), while the former does not.

In contrast, in a 1xEV-DV system, the forward common power control channel (F-CPCCH) transmits reverse link power control commands for mobile stations without a direct main channel (F-FCH) or a direct dedicated control channel (F-DCCH). In earlier versions of the 1xEV-DV proposal, it was assumed that the power level of the F-CPCCH base station is determined by the reverse channel quality indicator (R-CQICH) channel received from the mobile station. The R-CQICH can be used in scheduling to determine the appropriate forward link transmission format and speed in response to measuring the quality of the forward link channel.

However, when the mobile station is not in soft handoff, the R-CQICH only reports the direct pilot quality of the sector of the serving base station and therefore cannot be used to directly control the power of the F-CPCCH from non-serving base stations. The technology for this is disclosed in US patent application No. 60 / 356,929, entitled "Method and apparatus for controlling direct line power during soft handoff in a communication system", filed February 12, 2002, transferred to the assignee of the present invention.

Representative Embodiments of a Base Station and Mobile Station

3 is a structural diagram of a wireless communication device, such as a mobile station 106 or a base station 104. The blocks shown in this characteristic embodiment will be basically a subset of the components included in either the base station 104 or the mobile station 106. Those skilled in the art In the art, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is easily adapted for use in configurations with any number of base stations and mobile stations.

Signals are received at antenna 310 and delivered to receiver 320. Receiver 320 performs processing in accordance with one or more wireless system standards, such as those listed above. Receiver 320 performs various processing, such as converting a radio frequency (RF-RF) to an original frequency band, amplification, analog and digital conversion, filtering, and the like. Various reception techniques are known in the art. A receiver 320 can be used to measure channel quality on the forward or reverse link when the device is a mobile station or base station, respectively, although a separate channel quality assessment device 335 is shown for clarity of discussion, set forth in detail below.

Signals from receiver 320 are demodulated at demodulator 325 in accordance with one or more communication standards. In a typical embodiment, a demodulator capable of demodulating 1xEV-DV signals is used. In alternative embodiments, alternative standards may be supported, and embodiments may support multiple communication formats. Demodulator 330 may perform rake reception, equalization, combination, deinterleaving, decoding, and various other functions as required by the received signal format.

Various demodulation techniques are known in the art. At base station 104, demodulator 325 will perform demodulation in accordance with the reverse link. At mobile station 106, demodulator 325 will perform demodulation in accordance with the forward link. Both the data channels and the control channels described herein are examples of channels that can be received and demodulated at the receiver 320 and demodulator 325. The demodulation of the forward data channel will occur in accordance with the transmission of signals on the control channel, as described above.

Message decoder 330 receives demodulated data and extracts signals or messages directed to mobile station 106 or base station 104 on the forward or reverse links, respectively. The message decoder 330 decodes the various messages used to set up, maintain, and interrupt a call (including a voice or data session) in the system. Messages may include channel quality indications, such as C / I measurements, power control messages, or control channel messages used to demodulate forward data channel signals. Various types of control messages can be decoded either at base station 104 or at mobile station 106 as transmitted on reverse or forward links, respectively. For example, request messages and permission messages for scheduling reverse link data transmission for generation in a mobile station or base station, respectively, are described below. Various other types of messages are known in the art and may be defined in various supported communication standards. Messages are delivered to processor 350 for use in subsequent processing. Some or all of the functions of the message decoder 330 may be performed on the processor 350, although a separate unit is shown for clarity of consideration. Alternatively, demodulator 325 may decode specific information and send it directly to processor 350 (a single-bit message such as an ACK / NAK or an up / down power control command are examples). A representative command signal, the forward common message acknowledgment channel (F-CACKCH) is used to describe various embodiments below.

A channel quality estimator 335 is connected to a receiver 320 and is used to perform various power level estimates for use in the procedures described herein, as well as for use in various other processing used in communications, such as demodulation. At the mobile station 106, C / I measurements may be taken. In addition, measurements of any signal or channel used in the system can be measured in the channel quality estimator 335 of this embodiment. As described more fully below, power control channels are another example. At base station 104 or mobile station 106, estimates of signal strength, such as received pilot strength, may be performed. Channel quality estimator 335 is shown as a separate unit for clarity of consideration only. For such a unit, it is generally accepted that it is included in another unit, such as a receiver 320 or a demodulator 325. Various types of signal strength estimates may be performed depending on what type of signal or what type of system is being evaluated. typically, a channel quality measure evaluation unit of any type can be used in place of a channel quality evaluation device 335 within the scope of the legal protection of the present invention. At base station 104, channel quality estimates are delivered to processor 350 for use in scheduling or determining reverse link quality, as described further below. Channel quality estimates can be used to determine whether power control commands are required up or down to bring the power of either the forward or reverse link to the desired installation point. The desired installation point can be determined using the power control mechanism of the external circuit, as described above.

Signals are transmitted via antenna 310. The transmitted signals are formatted at transmitter 370 in accordance with one or more wireless system standards, such as those listed above. Examples of components that can be included in the transmitter 370 are amplifiers, filters, digital-to-analog (D / A) converters, radio frequency (RF) converters, and the like. Data for transmission is delivered to transmitter 370 by modulator 365. Data and control channels may be formatted for transmission in a variety of formats. Data for transmission over a forward link data channel may be formatted in a modulator 365 in accordance with a transmission rate and a modulation format indicated in a scheduling algorithm in accordance with a C / I value or other measurement of channel quality. A scheduler, such as scheduler 240 described above, may reside in processor 350. Similarly, transmitter 370 may be set to a power level in accordance with a scheduling algorithm. Examples of components that can be combined in modulator 365 include encoders, interleavers, dividers, and modulators of various types. A reverse link design including representative modulation formats and access control suitable for use in a 1xEV-DV system is also described below.

A message generator 360 may be used to prepare various types of messages, as described herein. For example, C / I value messages may be generated at the mobile station for transmission on the reverse link. Various types of control messages can be generated either at the base station 104 or at the mobile station 106 for transmission on the forward or reverse links, respectively. For example, request messages and permission messages for scheduling reverse link data transmission for generation in a mobile station or base station, respectively, are described below.

Data received and demodulated in demodulator 325 can be delivered to processor 360 for use in transmitting voice or data, as well as to various other components. Similarly, data for transmission can be delivered to modulator 365 and transmitter 370 from processor 350. For example, various data applications may take place on processor 350 or on another processor included in wireless communication device 104 or 106 (not shown). Base station 104 may be connected through other equipment, not shown, to one or more external networks, such as the Internet (not shown). Mobile station 106 may include a communication line with an external device, such as a laptop computer (not shown).

The processor 350 may be a general purpose microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or a special purpose processor. The processor 350 may perform some or all of the functions of a receiver 320, a demodulator 325, a message decoder 330, a channel quality estimator 335, a message generator 360, a modulator 365, or a transmitter 370, as well as any other processing required by a wireless device. A processor 350 may be coupled to special-purpose hardware to facilitate these tasks (details not shown). Data or voice applications may be external, such as an externally connected laptop computer or network connections, may be executed on an additional processor within wireless devices 104 or 106 (not shown), or may be executed on processor 350 itself. Processor 350 is connected to memory 355, which can be used to store data, as well as instructions for performing various procedures and methods described herein. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the memory 335 may consist of one or more memory components of various types, which may be mounted in whole or in part to the processor 350.

1xEV-DV Reverse Link Design Considerations

This section describes various factors considered in the construction of a representative embodiment of a reverse link wireless communication system. In many of the embodiments further detailed in the following sections, signals, parameters and procedures associated with the 1xEV-DV standard are used. This standard is described for illustrative purposes only, since each of the aspects described herein and their combinations can be applied to any number of communication systems within the scope of the legal protection of the present invention. This section serves as a partial summary of the various aspects of the invention, although it is not exhaustive. Representative embodiments are further detailed in subsequent sections in which further aspects are described.

In many cases, the capacity of the reverse link is limited by interference. Base stations distribute available reverse link communication resources to mobile stations for efficient use while achieving maximum throughput in accordance with the quality of service (QoS) requirements for various mobile stations.

Maximizing the use of the reverse link communication resource is associated with several factors. One factor to be considered is the mixing of scheduled reverse link transmissions from different mobile stations, each of which may experience a change in channel quality at any given point in time. In order to increase the overall throughput (the aggregate data transmitted by all the mobile stations in the cell), it is desirable for the entire reverse link to be fully utilized when the reverse link data to be sent occurs. To fill the available capacity, mobile stations may be allowed access to the highest transmission rates that they can support, and additional mobile stations may be allowed access until the capacity is full. One factor that a base station can consider when deciding which mobile stations to plan is the maximum transmission rate that each mobile station can support and the amount of data that each mobile station must send. A mobile station with a higher bandwidth can be selected instead of an alternative mobile station whose channel does not support a higher bandwidth.

Another factor to be considered is the quality of service required by each mobile station. While it may be permissible to delay access to one mobile station in the hope that the channel will improve by making a choice instead of choosing a better located mobile station, it may turn out that suboptimal mobile stations may require access authorization so as to guarantee assurance minimum quality services.

Thus, the planned data throughput may not be absolutely maximum, but rather maximized taking into account the conditions of the channel, the available transmit power of the mobile station and the requirements for services.

For any configuration, it is desirable to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio for the selected mixture.

Various scheduling mechanisms are described below to enable the mobile station to transmit data on the reverse link. One reverse link transmission class involves a mobile station making a reverse link transmission request. The base station determines whether resources are available to support the request. Permission may be granted to enable transfer. This handshake between the mobile station and the base station creates a delay before the reverse link data can be transmitted. For certain reverse link data classes, this delay may be acceptable. Other classes may be more sensitive to delay, and alternative technologies for reverse link transmission are described in more detail below to reduce delay.

In addition, reverse link resources are consumed to form a transfer request, and forward link resources are consumed in order to respond to a request, i.e. pass permission. When the channel quality of the mobile station is low, for example, due to a low geometric location or deep shading, the power required on the forward link to reach the mobile station can be relatively high. Various technologies are detailed below to reduce the number or required transmit power of requests and permissions required for data transmission on the reverse link.

In order to avoid the delay introduced by handshaking by means of a request / grant, and also to save the resources of the forward and reverse links required to maintain them, an autonomous mode of operation of transmission on the reverse link is maintained. A mobile station can transmit data at a limited rate on the reverse link without making a request or waiting for permission.

The base station distributes a portion of the reverse link capacity of one or more mobile stations. A mobile station that is allowed access is provided with a maximum power level. In the representative embodiments described herein, the reverse link resource is allocated using the traffic to pilot ratio (T / P). Since the pilot signal of each mobile station is adaptively controlled by power control, the specification of the T / P ratio indicates the available power for use in transmitting data on the reverse link. The base station may issue special permissions to one or more mobile stations, indicating a T / P value specific to each mobile station. The base station may also issue general authorization to the remaining mobile stations that requested access, indicating the maximum T / P value that is allowed for these remaining mobile stations for transmission. Autonomous and planned transmissions, as well as individual and general permissions with additional details are described below.

Various scheduling algorithms are known in the art, and even more algorithms are being developed that can be used to determine various specific and general T / P values for permissions according to the number of registered mobile stations, the probability of autonomous transmission by the mobile station, the number and size of pending requests expected average response to inquiries and any number of other factors. In one example, the choice is made based on the priority of quality of service (QoS), efficiency and achievable throughput from a set of requesting mobile stations. One representative scheduling technique is disclosed in a jointly pending provisional application for US Patent No. 60/439989, entitled "Schedule Priority Scheduler Based System and Method", filed January 13, 2003, transmitted to the assignee of the present invention. Additional references include US Patent No. 5914950, entitled “Method and apparatus for scheduling a reverse link transmission rate,” and US Patent No. 5923650, also called “Method and apparatus for scheduling a reverse link transmission rate,” both assigned to the assignee of the present invention .

A mobile station may transmit a data packet using one or more subpackets, with each subpacket containing complete packet information (each subpacket is not necessarily encoded identically, since different encoding or redundancy may be used for different subpackets). Retransmission technology can be used to provide reliable transmission, such as ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request). Thus, if the first subpacket is received without error (using, for example, CRC control using a cyclic redundancy code), a positive acknowledgment of receipt (ASK) is sent to the mobile station, and no additional subpackets will be sent (recall that each subpacket contains a complete information about the package, in one form or another). If the first subpacket is not received correctly, then the negative acknowledgment (NAK) signal is sent to the mobile station and the second subpacket will be transmitted. The base station can combine the energy of two subpackets and try to decode. The process can be repeated indefinitely, although, as a rule, the maximum number of subpackages is indicated. In the representative embodiments described herein, up to four subpackets may be transmitted. Thus, the likelihood of correct reception increases as additional subpackets are received. (Note that the third response from the base station, the acknowledgment and continuation signal, is useful for reducing the request / grant overhead. This feature is described in more detail below.)

As just described, the mobile station can exchange bandwidth for latency when deciding whether to use autonomous transmission to transmit data with low latency or when requesting a higher transmission rate and waiting for general or special permission. In addition, for a given T / P value, the mobile station can select a data rate that matches the latency or throughput. For example, a mobile station with a relatively small number of bits for transmission may decide that a short latency is desired. For the available T / P (possibly the maximum for autonomous transmission in this example, but there could also be special or general T / Ps allowed), the mobile station can choose a transmission speed and modulation format such that it is likely that the base station will correctly receive the first subpacket is high. Although a retransmission will be available if necessary, it is likely that this mobile station will be able to transmit its data bits in one subpacket. In the representative embodiments described herein, each subpacket is transmitted in 5 ms. Therefore, in this example, the mobile station can carry out the next one after another autonomous transmission, which is likely to be received at the base station, following with an interval of 5 ms. Note that, alternatively, the mobile station may use the availability of additional subpackets to increase the amount of data transmitted for a given T / P value. Thus, the mobile station may select autonomous transmission to reduce the latency associated with requests and permissions, and may additionally find a trade-off between bandwidth and a specific T / P value to minimize the required number of subpackets (hence latency). Even if the total number of subpackets is selected, autonomous transmission will have a shorter waiting time than with request and resolution for relatively small data transmissions. Those of skill in the art will recognize that as the amount of data to be transmitted increases, requiring multiple packets for transmission, the total latency can be reduced by switching to a request and permission format, since the charge for the request and permission will ultimately be the account is relegated to the secondary plan by increased throughput at a higher data rate in multiple packets. This process is described in more detail below with a characteristic set of transmission rates and formats that can be correlated with various assigned T / P values.

Mobile stations with a changing location within the cell and moving at varying speeds will experience changing channel conditions. Power control is used to maintain reverse link signals. The power of the pilot signal received at the base station may be adjustable in power so as to be approximately the same from different mobile stations. Then, as described above, the T / P ratio is an indication of the amount of communication resource used during transmission on the reverse link. It is desirable to maintain an appropriate balance between the pilot signal and the traffic for the transmit power of a given mobile station, transmission speed and modulation format.

Mobile stations may have a limited amount of available transmit power. Thus, for example, the transmission rate may be limited by the maximum power of the power amplifier of the mobile station. The transmit power of the mobile station can also be adjusted by the base station to avoid unnecessary interference with other mobile stations using power control and various data scheduling technologies. The amount of available transmit power of the mobile station will be allocated to transmitting one or more pilot channels, one or more data channels and any other existing control channels. To increase data throughput, the transmission rate can be increased by decreasing the coding rate, increasing the symbol rate, or using a higher order modulation scheme. To be effective, a collaborative pilot channel must be received reliably to provide a phase reference signal for demodulation. Thus, a fraction of the available transmit power is allocated to the pilot, and an increase in this fraction will increase the reliability of the reception of the pilot. However, increasing the proportion of available transmit power allocated to the pilot signal also reduces the amount of power available for data transmission, and increasing the proportion of available transmit power allocated to data also increases the reliability of demodulation. A suitable modulation format and data rate may be determined for a given T / P value.

Due to a change in the data transfer requirement, the intermittent reverse link allocation of the mobile station, the transmission rate for the mobile station can change rapidly. The required pilot power level for the transmission rate and format can thus be changed instantly, as just described. Without preliminary information about speed changes (which can be expected in the absence of costly signaling or reduced scheduling flexibility), the power control loop may try to counteract a sudden change in received power at the base station, possibly through interference by decoding the start of the packet. Similarly, due to the size of the increment steps, typically used in power control, it may take a relatively long time to reduce the pilot level when the transmission speed and format have been reduced. One technique for overcoming these and other phenomena (with further details described below) is to use a secondary pilot in addition to the primary pilot. The primary pilot signal can be used to control power and demodulate all channels, including control channels and data channels with low bit rates. When additional pilot power is required for a higher modulation level or increased data rate, additional pilot power may be transmitted on the second pilot signal. The power of the secondary pilot can be determined relative to the primary pilot and the increasing pilot power required for the selected transmission. The base station can receive both pilots, combine them and use them to determine phase and magnitude information for demodulating traffic. Instantaneous increases or decreases in the secondary pilot do not interfere with power control.

Representative embodiments, described in further detail below, take advantage of the secondary pilot, as just described, by using an already used communication channel. Thus, the capacity, as a rule, improves, because partly due to the expected range of operation, the information transmitted over the communication channel requires little or no additional capacity compared to that required to perform the function of providing a pilot signal. As is well known in the art, a pilot signal is useful for demodulation because it is a known sequence, and therefore the phase and magnitude of the signal can be derived from the pilot sequence for demodulation. However, the transmission of a pilot signal without data transfer leads to the loss of capacity of the reverse link. Therefore, the unknown data is modulated on the “secondary pilot”, and thus, the unknown sequence must be determined in order to extract information useful for demodulating the traffic signal. In a typical embodiment, a reverse rate indication channel (R-RICH) is used to provide a reverse rate indicator (RRI), a rate associated with R-SCH transmission. In addition, the power of the R-RICH channel is adjusted in accordance with the power requirements for the pilot signal, which can be used at the base station to provide a secondary pilot signal. This RRI is one of the well-known set of values that helps in determining the unknown component of the R-RICH channel. In an alternative embodiment, any channel may be modified to serve as a channel for the secondary pilot. This technology is described in more detail below.

Reverse Link Data Transmission

The reverse link is usually quite different from the forward link. Several reasons are as follows: on a forward link, additional power is required for transmission from multiple cells — on a reverse link, receiving from more than one hundred reduces the required amount of transmit power. On the reverse link, there are always multiple antennas receiving the mobile station. This can mitigate some of the consequences of significant fading (fading), which often occurs on a direct line of communication.

When the mobile station is in the boundary zone between different cells, the Ec / Io direct link will change significantly due to fading from other cells. On the reverse link, the change in interference is not so significant, since any change occurs due to fluctuations in the amount of received power of all mobile stations that transmit on the reverse link, all of which are regulated in power.

The mobile station is limited in power on the reverse link. Thus, the mobile station may not be able to transmit at a very high speed from time to time depending on the conditions of the channel.

A mobile station may not be able to receive a forward link from a base station that has received reverse link transmission from a mobile station. As a result, if the mobile station relies on signaling, for example, acknowledgment from a single base station, then the reliability of such signaling may be low.

One goal of the reverse link design is to maintain a relatively constant excess of thermal noise (RoT) at the base station, as long as there is data on the reverse link to be transmitted. The reverse link data channel is transmitted in two different modes.

Offline transmission: This case is used for traffic requiring low latency. The mobile station is allowed to transmit immediately, up to a certain transmission rate determined by the serving base station (for example, the base station to which the mobile station sends its channel quality indicator (CQI)). A serving base station is also called a scheduling base station or an issuing authorization base station. The maximum allowed transmission rate for autonomous transmission can be transmitted dynamically based on the system load, congestion, etc., by a signal from a serving base station.

Planned transmission: The mobile station sends an estimate of its buffer size, available power, and other parameters. The base station determines when the mobile station is allowed to transmit. The purpose of the scheduler is to limit the number of simultaneous transmissions, thereby reducing interference between mobile stations. The scheduler may try to provide for mobile stations located in areas between cells, transmission at lower speeds, so as to reduce interference for neighboring cells, and tightly adjust the RoT value to ensure voice quality on the R-FCH channel, DV feedback on the R- channel CQICH and acknowledgments (R-ACKCH), as well as system stability.

Various embodiments described in detail herein contain one or more features designed to improve the throughput, performance, and overall system operation of the reverse link of a wireless communication system. For illustrative purposes only, a data-related portion of the 1xEV-DV system is described, in particular, optimization of transmission by various mobile stations over an enhanced reverse supplemental channel (R-ESCH). The various forward and reverse link channels used in one or more representative embodiments are described in detail in this section. These channels are usually a subset of the channels used in a communication system.

4 is a representative embodiment of data and control signals for transmitting data on a reverse link. A mobile station 106 is shown communicating through various channels, each channel being connected to one or more base stations 104A-104C. Base station 104A is marked as a scheduling base station. Other base stations 104B and 104C are part of the active set of mobile station 106. There are four types of reverse link signals and two types of forward link signals shown here. They are described below.

R-REQCH

The reverse request channel (R-REQCH) is used by the mobile station to request from the planning base station data transmission on the reverse link. In a typical embodiment, the requests are for transmission on the R-ESCH (with further details described below). In an exemplary embodiment, the R-REQCH channel request includes a T / P ratio that the mobile station can support, changing in accordance with changing channel conditions, and a buffer size (i.e., the amount of data awaiting transmission). The request may also indicate Quality of Service (QoS) for data pending transmission. Note that a mobile station may have a single QoS service quality level defined for that mobile station, or, alternatively, different QoS levels for different data types. Higher layer protocols may indicate QoS or other desirable parameters (such as latency or throughput requirements) for various data services. In an alternative embodiment, a reverse dedicated control channel (R-DCCH) used in combination with other reverse link signals, such as a reverse main channel (R-FCH) (used for voice services, for example), can be used to carry access requests. Basically, access requests can be described as containing a logical channel, i.e. Reverse Request Scheduling Channel (R-SRCH), which can be mapped to any existing physical channel, such as R-DCCH. An exemplary embodiment is backward compatible with existing CDMA systems such as cdma2000, and the R-REQCH is a physical channel that can be used in the absence of either an R-FCH or an R-DCCH. For clarity, the term R-REQCH is used to describe the access request channel in the descriptions of the embodiment presented here, although those skilled in the art can easily extend these principles to any type of access request system, regardless of whether the access request channel is logical or physical. The R-REQCH may be closed as long as the request is required, thereby reducing interference and saving system capacity.

In a typical embodiment, the R-REQCH has 12 input bits, which consist of the following: 4 bits to indicate the maximum T / P ratio for the R-ESCH that the mobile station can support, 4 bits to indicate the amount of data in the buffer of the mobile station and 4 bits to indicate the quality of QoS services. Those skilled in the art will recognize that any number of bits and various other fields may be included in alternative embodiments.

F-gch

The forward grant channel (F-GCH) is transmitted from the scheduling base station to the mobile station. The F-GCH may consist of multiple channels. In a representative embodiment, the common F-GCH is used to issue common permissions, and one or more individual F-GCHs are used to issue individual permissions. Permissions are issued by the scheduling base station in response to one or more requests from one or more mobile stations on their respective R-REQCHs. Permission channels may be labeled GCH _x , where the subscript x defines the channel number. Channel number 0 can be used to indicate a common permission channel. If N individual channels are used, then the subscript x may vary from 1 to N.

An individual authorization may be issued to one or more mobile stations, each of which authorizes said mobile station to transmit on the R-ESCH channel at a particular T / P ratio value or lower. The issuance of permits on a direct communication line, of course, will introduce additional costs, which use some capacity of a direct communication line. The various options for reducing the support costs associated with permits are detailed here, while other options will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the provisions set forth herein.

One consideration is that the mobile stations will be located so that each experiences a changing channel quality. Thus, for example, a mobile station with a high geometric arrangement, with a good forward and reverse link channel, may require relatively low power for the enable signal, and the mobile station will probably be able to take advantage of the high data rate, and therefore is required for an individual permissions. A mobile station, geometrically low, with a low geometry, or a mobile station experiencing deeper fading, may require significantly more power in order to receive an individual resolution reliably. Such a mobile station may not be the best candidate for individual authorization. The overall resolution for this mobile station, described in detail below, may be less expensive in the overhead of the forward link.

In a typical embodiment, a number of individual F-GCH channels are used to provide an appropriate number of individual resolutions at a particular point in time. The F-GCHs are code division multiplexed. This facilitates the ability to transmit each resolution at the power level that is required in order to reach just the specific intended mobile station. In an alternative embodiment, a single individual permission channel may be used with a number of individual time-multiplexed resolutions. Changing the power of each resolution on a time-multiplexed individual F-GCH may introduce additional complexity. Any signaling technology for the delivery of general or individual authorizations can be used within the scope of the legal protection of the present invention.

In some embodiments, a relatively large number of individual resolution channels (i.e., F-GCH channels) are used, it can be used to enable a relatively large number of individual resolutions at a given time. In such a case, it may be necessary to limit the number of individual resolution channels to be monitored by each mobile station. In one representative embodiment, various subsets of the total number of individual resolution channels are determined. Each mobile station is assigned a subset of the individual resolution channels that it must track. This allows the mobile station to reduce processing complexity, and accordingly reduce power consumption. A compromise lies in the flexibility of scheduling, since the planning base station may not be able to arbitrarily assign sets of individual permissions (for example, all individual permissions cannot be issued to members of the same group, since these members by design do not track one or more of the individual permission channels) . Note that this loss of flexibility does not necessarily result in loss of capacity. To illustrate, consider an example that includes four individual resolution channels. Numbered even-numbered mobile stations may be assigned to track the last two. In another example, the subsets may overlap such that even mobile stations track the first three permission channels, and odd mobile stations track the last three permission channels. It is clear that the planning base station cannot arbitrarily assign four mobile stations from any one group (even or odd). These examples are illustrative only. Any number of channels with any configuration of the subsets can be used within the scope of legal protection of the present invention.

The remaining mobile stations that have made requests but have not received individual permissions may be given permission to transmit on the R-ESCH using the general resolution, which determines the maximum T / P ratio that each of the remaining mobile stations must adhere to. A common F-GCH may also be referred to as a forward common resolution channel (F-CGCH).

The mobile station monitors one or more individual resolution channels (or a subset thereof), as well as a common F-GCH. Until she is given individual permission, the mobile station may transmit if a general permission is issued. General resolution indicates the maximum T / P ratio at which the remaining mobile stations (general-resolution mobile stations) can transmit data with a certain type of QoS service quality.

In a representative embodiment, each common resolution is valid for a number of sub-packet transmission intervals. Having received general permission, a mobile station that sent a request but has not received an individual permission may begin to transmit one or more decoder packets within successive transmission intervals. Resolution information can be repeated many times. This allows the total resolution to be transmitted at a reduced power level relative to the individual resolution. Each mobile station can combine energy from multiple transmissions to reliably decode the overall resolution. Therefore, the total resolution can be selected for a mobile station located geometrically low, for example, when an individual resolution is considered too costly in terms of forward link capacity. However, general permissions still require ancillary costs, and various technologies for reducing these ancillary costs are described in detail below.

The F-GCH is directed by the base station to each mobile station that the base station plans to transmit a new R-ESCH channel packet. It may also be sent during the transmission or retransmission of the encoder packet to encourage the mobile station to modify the T / P ratio of its transmission for subsequent subpackets of the encoder packet in case congestion control becomes necessary.

Examples of time coordination are described in more detail below, which include various implementation options with the requirements for the interconnection of requests and access permissions of any type (individual or general). In addition, technologies for reducing the number of permits, and thereby the associated support costs, as well as for congestion control, are detailed below.

In a typical embodiment, the total resolution consists of 12 bits, including a 3-bit type field for indicating the format of the next nine bits. The remaining bits indicate the maximum allowed T / P ratio for 3 classes of mobile stations, as indicated in the type field with 3 bits indicating the maximum allowed T / P ratio for each class. Mobile classes may be based on service category (GOS) requirements or other criteria. Various other formats of general resolution are presented, and will be quite obvious to anyone with ordinary skills in the art.

In a typical embodiment, the individual resolution contains 12 bits, including: 11 bits to indicate the mobile identification number and the maximum allowable T / P ratio for the mobile station to which the transmission permission is issued, or to transmit a clear signal to the mobile station to change it the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio, including setting the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio to 0 (i.e., telling the mobile station not to transmit R-ESCH). The bits indicate the mobile identification number (1 out of 192 values) and the maximum allowable T / P ratio (1 out of 10 values) for a particular mobile station. In an alternative embodiment, 1 bit of long-term resolution may be set for a particular mobile station. When the long-resolution bit is set to one, the mobile station is given permission to transmit a relatively large fixed predetermined number (which can be updated by transmitting signals) of packets on this automatic retransmission request (ARQ) channel. If the long resolution bit is set to zero, the mobile station is given permission to transmit one packet. The mobile station may be instructed to turn off its transmission on the R-ESCH channel with an indication of the zero T / P ratio, and this can be used to transmit the signal to the mobile station to turn off its transmission on the R-ESCH channel to transmit a single subpacket of a single packet if the bit is long the resolution is off, or for a longer period if the long resolution bit is on.

R-PICH

The reverse pilot channel (R-PICH) is transmitted from the mobile station to the base stations in the active set. R-PICH channel power can be measured at one or more base stations for use in reverse link power control. As is well known in the art, pilot signals can be used to provide amplitude and phase measurements for use in coherent demodulation. As described above, the amount of transmit power available to the mobile station (limited by the scheduling base station or internal restrictions of the mobile station power amplifier) is divided between the pilot channel, the traffic channel or channels, and the control channels. Additional pilot power may be required for higher bit rates and modulation formats. To simplify the use of the R-PICH channel for power control and to avoid some problems associated with instantaneous changes in the required pilot power, an additional channel can be designated for use as an additional or secondary pilot. Although, as a rule, pilot signals are transmitted by using sequences of known data, as disclosed herein, a signal carrying information can also be used to generate reference information for demodulation. In a typical embodiment, the R-RICH channel (described in detail below) is used to carry the required additional pilot power.

R-RICH

The reverse rate indicator channel (R-RICH) is used by the mobile station to indicate the transmission format on the reverse traffic channel, R-ESCH. The R-RICH channel contains 5-bit messages. An orthogonal encoder unit maps each 5-bit input sequence to a 32-character orthogonal sequence. For example, each 5-bit input sequence could be mapped to a different 32-bit Walsh code. The sequence repeater repeats a sequence of 32 input characters three times. The bit repetition block provides an input bit repeated 96 times at its output. The sequence selector block selects between two inputs and transfers this input to the output. For zero speeds, the output of the bit repetition block is skipped. For all other speeds, the output of the sequence repeater is skipped. The signal point representing the block displays input bit 0 as +1, and input 1 as -1. The signal point display unit is followed by the Walsh propagation unit. The Walsh propagation block distributes each input symbol to 64 chips (chips). Each input symbol is multiplied with a Walsh code W (48.64). The Walsh code W (48.64) is a Walsh code with a length of 64 chips and an index of 48, W (48.64). The TIA (Industrial Communications Association) / EIA (Electronic Industry Association) IS-2000 standard provides tables describing Walsh codes with different lengths.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that this channel structure is just one example. Various other encoding, repetition, interleaving, point mapping, or Walsh encoding parameters could be used in alternative embodiments. Additional coding or formatting techniques well known in the art may also be used. These modifications are within the scope of legal protection of the present invention.

R-ESCH

The Enhanced Reverse Supplemental Channel (R-ESCH) is used as a data channel for reverse link traffic in the representative embodiments described herein. Any number of transmission rates and modulation formats may be used for the R-ESCH. In a typical embodiment, the R-ESCH has the following properties: physical layer retransmissions are supported. For retransmissions, when the first code is a 1/4 speed code, the retransmission uses a 1/4 speed code and Chase combination is used. For retransmission, when the first code is a rate greater than 1/4, incremental redundancy is used. The founding code is 1/5 speed code. Alternatively, incremental redundancy could also be useful in all cases.

Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) is supported for both standalone and scheduled users, both of which can access the R-ESCH.

For the case in which the first code is the 1/2 speed code, the frame is encoded by the 1/4 speed code and the encoded characters are divided equally into two parts. The first half of the characters is sent in the first gear, the second half in the second gear, then the first half in the third gear, etc.

The synchronous operation of multiple ARQ channels can be supported with a fixed distribution of time between retransmissions: a fixed number of subpackets between consecutive subpackets of the same packet can be allowed. Alternate transfers are also allowed. For example, for 5 ms frames, 4 ARQ channels with a delay of 3 subpackets between subpackets could be supported.

Table 1 lists the characteristic data rates for the extended reverse supplemental channel. A 5 ms subpacket size is described, and accompanying channels have been developed that are suitable for this choice. Other sizes of subpackages can also be selected, which is quite obvious to specialists in this field. The reference pilot level is not selected for these channels, i.e. the base station has the flexibility to select the T / P value as the target at a given point of operation. This maximum T / P value is transmitted by the signal to the forward enable channel. A mobile station may use a lower T / P if it operates outside the transmit power to ensure that the HARQ meets the required level of QoS service quality. Layer 3 signaling messages can also be transmitted on the R-ESCH, allowing the system to operate without FCH / DCCH.

In a typical embodiment, turbo coding is used for all transmission rates. When encoding with R = 1/4, an interleaver similar to the reverse link according to the cdma2000 standard currently used is used, and if a second subpacket is transmitted, it has the same format as the first subpacket. When encoding with R = 1/5, an interleaver similar to the direct packet data channel cdma2000 is used, and if the second subpacket is transmitted, then the sequence of encoded and interleaved symbols selected for the second subpacket follows the ones selected for the first subpacket. At the most, two sub-packet transmissions are allowed, and if the second sub-packet is transmitted, it uses the same data rate as the transmission of the first sub-packet.

The number of bits per packet of the encoding device includes CRC bits and 6 loop bits. For a 192-bit encoder packet size, a 12-bit CRC is used; otherwise, a 16-bit CRC is used. The number of information bits per frame is 2 more than with the corresponding speeds at cdma2000. It is assumed that the 5 ms slots are separated by a 15 ms interval to provide sufficient time for ACK / NAK responses. If ACK is received, then the remaining packet slots are not transmitted.

A sub-packet duration of 5 ms and the corresponding parameters just described serve only as an example. Any number of combinations of speeds, formats, subpacket repetition capabilities, subpacket duration, etc. will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. An alternative embodiment with 10 ms using 3 channels of ARQ could be used. In one embodiment, the duration of a single subpacket or frame size is selected. For example, a structure of either 5 ms or 10 ms is selected. In an alternative embodiment, the system may support multiple frame durations.

F-cackch

The common acknowledgment direct channel, or F-CACKCH, is used by the base station to confirm the correct reception of the R-ESCH, as well as to extend the existing resolution. Acknowledgment (ACK) on the F-CACKCH indicates proper reception of the subpacket. Additional transmission of this subpacket by the mobile station is not necessary. Negative acknowledgment (NAK) on the F-CACKCH allows the mobile station to transmit the next subpacket up to the maximum allowed number of subpackets per packet. The third command, ACK-and-Continue, allows the base station to confirm the successful reception of the packet and at the same time allows the mobile station to transmit using the permission that led to the successfully received packet. One embodiment of the F-CACKCH channel uses +1 for ACK characters, NULL characters for NAK characters, and -1 for ACK-and-Continue characters. In various embodiments, with further details described below, up to 96 mobile identification numbers (IDs) may be supported on a single F-CACKCH. Additional F-CACKCHs may be used to support additional mobile identification numbers (IDs).

Amplitude manipulation (i.e., not sending a NAK message) on the F-CACKCH allows base stations (especially not scheduling base stations) to not send an ACK message when the cost (required power) of doing this is too high. This provides the base station with a choice between the forward link capacity and the reverse link capacity, since a correctly received packet, the receipt of which is not acknowledged, is likely to switch to retransmission at a later point in time.

The Hadamard encoder is an example of an encoder for mapping onto a set of orthogonal functions. Various other technologies may also be used. For example, the generation of any Walsh code or variable spreading orthogonal factor code (OVSP) can be used for coding. Different users can receive transmissions at different power levels if independent gain units are used. The F-CACKCH channel can transmit one highlighted mark with three values for each user. Each user monitors the F-ACKCH from all base stations in its active set (or, alternatively, signal transmission may determine a reduced active set to reduce complexity).

In various embodiments, two channels overlap each spanning a Walsh sequence consisting of 128 chips. One channel is transmitted to channel I and the other is transmitted to channel Q. Another embodiment of the F-CACKCH channel uses a single Walsh coverage sequence consisting of 128 chips (chips) to support up to 192 mobile stations simultaneously. This approach uses a duration of 10 ms for each label with three values.

There are several ways the ACK channel works. In one embodiment, it may operate such that “1” is transmitted for the ACK. Lack of transmission implies a NAK, or a “off” state. Transmission “-1” refers to an ACK-and-Continue message, i.e. and the same resolution is repeated for the mobile station. This saves the overhead of the new resolution channel.

For general viewing, when a mobile station has a packet to send that requires the use of the R-ESCH, it sends a request on the R-REQCH. The base station may respond by permission using the F-CGCH or F-QCH. However, this operation is expensive. To reduce overhead on the forward link, the F-CACKCH can send an ACK-and-Continue, which extends the available low-cost resolution issued by the planning base station. This method works for both individual and general permissions. ACK-and-Continue is used from the issuing resolution of the base station and extends the current resolution to another 1 encoder packet on the same ARQ channel.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 4, not every base station in the active set is required to send an F-CACKCH back. A set of base stations sending an F-CACKCH in soft handoff may be a subset of the active set. Typical technologies for transmitting F-CACKCH are disclosed in a jointly pending application for US patent No. 10 / 611.333, entitled "Code Division Multiplexing Commands on a Code Division Multiplex Channel", filed June 30, 2003, transmitted to the assignee of the present invention.

Representative Embodiments and Timing Charts

To summarize the various features presented above, mobile stations are given permission to perform autonomous transmissions, which, while possibly limited in bandwidth, involve a slight delay. In this case, the mobile station can transmit without request up to the maximum value for the R-ESCH T / P, T / P _{Max-auto ratio} , which can be set and adjusted by the base station by transmitting a signal.

Scheduling is determined at one or more scheduling base stations, and reverse link capacity allocations are made through permissions transmitted over the F-GCH at a relatively high speed. Scheduling can thus be used to better control reverse link load and thus support voice quality (R-FCH), DV feedback (R-CQICH) and DV acknowledgment messages (R-ACKCH).

Individual authorization allows comprehensive control of the transmission carried out by the mobile station. Mobile stations can be selected based on the geometric location and quality of service QoS so as to maximize throughput while maintaining the required level of service. Generic resolution enables effective notification, especially for mobile stations located geometrically low.

The F-CACKCH can send ACK-and-Continue commands that distribute existing permissions at low cost. This is true for both individual permissions and general permissions.

5 is a timing diagram illustrating autonomous transmission. This example uses a sub-packet size of 5 ms with 4 ARQ channels. In this example, the mobile station has transmission data that can be sufficiently transmitted by using autonomous transmission. The mobile station does not need to experience delays introduced by the request and subsequent resolution. Instead, it can immediately transmit on the next ARQ channel. In this characteristic system, the mobile station will not make a request until it has a data volume for transmission that is larger than that which could be transmitted in an autonomous transmission. The _baud rate, modulation format, and power level will be limited in this example by the T / P _{max_auto parameter} . Thus, the mobile station does not need to make a request as long as it has available transmit power to exceed the T / P _{max_auto level} . The mobile station can choose between using autonomous transmission when making a request, starting data transfer (described in more detail below). The mobile station can send a request in advance, even when the amount of data and available power for transmission is greater than the minimum values for the request, in order to possibly avoid the process of requesting and issuing permission and the associated delay if the system does not allow autonomous transmission. In this example, the mobile station transmits its data on 3 ARQ channels.

Data transmitted by the mobile station is identified on the line marked “MS Tx”. After the arrival of data, the mobile station chooses to send data on 3 of the 4 available ARQ channels. These three 5 ms transmissions are designated as Autonomous TX 1-3. Note that the R-RICH is transmitted along with the pilot channel, as described above. In general, mobile station transmissions can be received by a single base station or multiple base stations in soft handoff. For clarity, FIG. 5 shows only a single base station responsive to transmission of a mobile station. The base station responds by sending ACK, NAK, or ACK-and Continue commands to the mobile station via F-CACKCH. The response to the first transmission, Autonomous TX-1, is sent simultaneously with the Autonomous TX-2 with a gap between the subpackets, such as to provide time for the base station to fully receive, demodulate and decode the first transmission and determine whether or not the subpacket was received correctly. As described above, previously transmitted subpackets can be combined with the current subpacket in the demodulation process. In this example, the first gear is not received correctly. Therefore, the base station will respond with a NAK command. In this embodiment, the ACK command is sent as +1, NAK is indicated as the failure to transmit on the F-HACKSN channel, as described above. The second and third gears are received correctly, and accordingly, their reception is confirmed by ASK teams. Note that three ARQ channels are used by this mobile station, and the fourth channel remains free. In general, a mobile station can autonomously transmit during any ARQ period.

In this example, the NAK command sent for the first transmission was not for the final subpacket (in this example, up to four subpacket transmissions are allowed for each packet). Thus, the mobile station will retransmit. In order to receive and decode the F-HACKSN command, a subpacket delay will occur between NAK 1 and the transmission of the first Re-Tx 1 transmission. Thus, in this example, there is a retransmission delay of 20 ms, as shown.

6 illustrates a representative system with mobile stations in communication with a scheduling base station. One group of mobile stations, MS _A -MS _N , do not have data to transmit. Another group of mobile stations, MS _{N + 1} -MS _{N + M} , will transmit independently, without request. Four mobile stations, MS ₁ -MS ₄ , will make a request for the scheduling base station BS, and also transmit autonomously while waiting for a possible resolution. These transmissions and requests occur in the column marked Request.

The mobile station requests high-speed transmission on the R-ESCH when it has enough power and enough data. The supported T / P value of the R-ESCH is at least one level higher than the T / P _Max-auto value, and there is enough data in the buffer to fill at least one encoder packet larger than supported by the T / P _Max-auto value after calculating the autonomous transmission and the T / P _Max-auto value during the delay associated with granting permission. In this embodiment, the requests may also be limited by the minimum retry time. To avoid unnecessary requests, a timer can be used to ensure that a predetermined amount of time falls between the previous request and the new request, while the conditions for power and the queue just described are satisfied. Note that the duration of the timer can be set deterministic or based on probability. Various embodiments may also assume that the timer requirement may not be taken into account when the buffer size increases or the supported T / P value changes since the last request. In this embodiment, the mobile station requests transmission on the R-ESCH using the R-REQCH. A typical request message contains 4 bits, each for a supported T / P value of the R-ESCH, the size of the data queue, and the quality of service QoS. Countless configurations of request messages may seem possible, and they will be easily used by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein.

Schemes with different priorities can also be used. For example, the QoS quality of service class may determine whether a mobile station can send a request or at what speed. For example, a subscriber of the highest class may be granted a higher access priority than an economy class subscriber. Different types of data may also be assigned different priorities. The priority scheme may be deterministic or probabilistic. The parameters associated with the priority scheme may be updated by signaling, and may be modified based on system conditions, such as loading.

In the column labeled “Resolution: Individual and General”, the scheduling base station BS receives transmissions and requests. The base station BS determines how to issue permissions based on received requests. The base station BS may take into account the expected number of autonomous transmissions and the available reverse link capacity (in accordance with other supported channels including non-DV channels, such as voice and other data channels or a reverse link control channel) determine what type of permission, if any, can be supported. In this example, the GCHo channel is defined as a general resolution channel. A general permit is issued, including the type, quality of service, QoS and the T / P value for that permission. In this example, the type “000” is identified, the quality of service QoS ₁ and the value T / P = 5dB are given for general resolution. Those skilled in the art will recognize that any number of indications of QoS type or quality of service can be used in any given system. In an alternative embodiment, the general permission can simply be applied to any requesting mobile station, any requesting mobile station with a service quality requirement above a certain level, or any desired level of complexity can be used to configure various mobile stations to respond to the resolution based on the desired level of differentiation between mobile stations. In another alternative embodiment, multiple common resolution channels may be used with various mobile stations assigned to respond to permissions on different subsets of the resolution channels. This assignment may be based on the quality of QoS service required by the mobile station, soft handoff conditions of the mobile station, or other factors.

In this embodiment, the base station may issue specific permissions or individual permissions to N mobile stations simultaneously to transmit one new encoder packet. The number N of individual permissions can be determined in accordance with the capacity of the system, as well as with changing loading conditions.

In the example shown, one mobile station is granted permission for the F-GCH (except for the general permission channel, GCHo), although in an alternative embodiment, special permissions could be directed to a group of mobile stations assigned to the permission channel by using a common (group) identification number ID , which is attributed to the mobile stations in the group. In this example, the permission message contains a 12-bit payload with an 8-bit mobile station identification number (ID) and a 4-bit valid T / P value of the R-ESCH. Individual authorization applies to a single ARQ channel. In an alternative embodiment, the extended resolution message may also be tagged to include one or more additional ARQ channels in resolution. In various embodiments described herein, specific resolution for a single ARQ channel will be described for clarity. Those skilled in the art will easily extend the disclosed principles to long-term resolutions.

In order to reduce the complexity of decoding permissions in mobile stations, the mobile station can be notified of tracking just a subset of the resolution channels.

In this embodiment, the base station may issue general authorization to the remaining requesting mobile stations MS using the F-GCHo channel. No identification number (ID) is required since the common GCH operates on a fixed Walsh code. As described in more detail below, the message on the F-GCHo channel is repeated for 20 ms (4 ARQ channels) to save forward link power. (Recall that one of the advantages of general resolution is the ability to reach mobile stations with a low geometric location, for which a special resolution would be relatively expensive.) The content of the permission message is expandable: in this case, 3 bits are assigned to the TYPE field. The TYPE field may determine any desired parameters. In this example, it also defines a format for indicating QoS service quality (ie Type = “000” corresponds to a 3-bit T / Pj value for QoS service quality class j, j = 0,1,2). Any other types known in the art can be used to expand this channel.

In this example, two special permissions are issued to the mobile stations MS ₁ and MS ₂ , as indicated by MAC numbers ID 1 and 3. These permissions are issued on the permission channels GCH ₁ and GCH ₂ . Two special resolutions provide for T / P values of 8dB and 12 dB, respectively. Mobile stations that are specifically authorized will be able to determine the data rate and modulation format desired for each assigned T / P value (with additional details described below). Note that only MS ₁ and MS ₂ accept special permissions. Thus, MS ₁ and MS ₂ will rely on the total resolution and its lower T / P value of 5 dB.

In the column marked transmission, various mobile stations will transmit data, if any, in accordance with general or special permissions or autonomously depending on what is used.

FIG. 7 illustrates system loading in accordance with the permissions and autonomous transmission given in the example shown in FIG. 6. The target load is determined for the required total system load. A mutual interference component is identified, which may include various alternative voice and / or data channels supported by the system (for example, non-DV channels in a 1xEV-DV system). General and specific permissions are defined to determine the sum of the allowed transmissions (general or individual), the expected autonomous transmissions and interference, which should be at or below the target load. Data throughput can be reduced, reducing capacity if the target load is exceeded (when requesting excessive transmissions). When the system load is below the target load, some of the reverse link capacity is not used. Thus, the scheduling base station determines individual permissions to efficiently load the reverse link. Corresponding to the characteristic requests presented in FIG. 6, transmissions by mobile stations MS ₁ through MS ₄ are shown. The base station has the flexibility to plan. For example, in this case, the base station knows from its request that the mobile station MS ₂ will complete its transmission within two packets based on the common resolution. Thus, the individual authorization for the mobile station MS ₁ can be extended to the last two packages shown.

FIG. 8 is a timing diagram showing the operation of a request and resolution along with autonomous transmission and operation of an F-CACKCH. This example shows a mobile station communicating with a scheduling base station without soft handoff. This example uses four 5-ms ARQ channels. Countless other configurations may be employed by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the principles disclosed herein.

After the data arrives at the mobile station for transmission, the mobile station determines that the conditions make it possible to request permission to increase the throughput on the reverse link. The mobile station generates a request message and transmits it along with autonomous transmission, TX 1, to start the process. The request has a duration of 5 ms in this example. A shorter request and / or resolution can facilitate a faster assignment of a reverse link resource, as well as faster setup of these assignments. A longer request and / or resolution may be transmitted at lower power or may more easily reach mobile stations with a low geometric location. Any of the various changes to packet duration, request duration, resolution duration, etc. one can imagine, and they will be easily used by specialists in this field of technology in the light of the provisions set forth here.

During the next ARQ channel, the base station receives the request along with any requests from other supported mobile stations and decodes them. After decoding, the base station makes a planning decision, i.e. what types of individual or general permits, if any, will be issued. During this time, the mobile station transmits a second subpacket, TX 2, autonomously over the second ARQ channel. The mobile station also uses the duration of this packet in order to decode the received TX 1.

During the third ARQ channel, a 5 ms resolution is issued by the scheduling base station to the mobile station. A characteristic permission message is described above. In addition to identifying the mobile station that is being granted permission (which can be done in any of a variety of ways, including using the mobile station ID number or special permission channel for the mobile station, etc.), a maximum T / P value is assigned for resolution duration. At the same time, the mobile station continues its autonomous TX 3 transmission. The base station receives time to decode the TX 1 transmission and determine if it was received correctly. In this example, it was, so ACK acknowledgment is sent to the F-CACKCH channel scheduling (or issuing permissions) the base station on a subchannel assigned to the mobile station. Those skilled in the art will recognize that any alternative technology or tool can also be used to transmit ACK acknowledgment to the sending mobile station.

During the fourth ARQ channel, the mobile station will receive and decode ACK acknowledgment and permission from the scheduling base station while it continues its autonomous transmission by transmitting TX 4. In this example, the scheduling base station has not received correctly the autonomous transmission of TX 2, thereby NAK negative acknowledgment for TX 2 is indicated by F-CACKCH non-transmission.

After decoding the NAK, as well as the resolution in the fourth ARQ channel, the mobile station performs the scheduled transmission in the fifth packet, which is again the first ARQ channel. Note that in order to reduce the overhead on the forward link, in an alternative embodiment, ACK acceptance is not sent at the same time that the individual GCH sends the permission to the mobile station. That is, the mobile station will interpret the reception of permission as the simultaneous permission and acknowledgment of the ACK. Instead of transmitting with a limited autonomous T / P value, the mobile station determines the speed and modulation format desired for the allowed T / P value, and transmits this transmission, TX 3. Note that in this example, the R-RICH channel is transmitted from speed indicator at high power to facilitate demodulation of the transmission at a higher speed, as described above. Note the causal relationship between the duration of the request in the first subpacket, the duration of the response permission in the third subpacket, and the transmission in accordance with the resolution in the fifth. Also, during this fifth subpacket, the base station sends an ACK acknowledgment corresponding to TX 3.

During the duration of the sixth subpacket, or ARQ 2, the mobile station decodes the NAK for TX 2 and retransmits this subpacket. At this time, the base station sends an ACK acknowledgment in response to the correct decoding of the TX 4 autonomous transmission, and they will try to decode the TX 5 transmission transmitted and received in the previous frame.

During the duration of the seventh subpacket, the base station determines that TX 5 transmission was incorrectly decoded, and NAK is indicated, i.e. no message is sent, in this example. This may be due to the fact that the mobile station has some distinction according to the type of data transmission that is required, within the T / P parameters determined by the resolution. Thus, if bandwidth with a short latency is required, the mobile station will select the transmission speed and modulation format, which are likely to cause the first subpacket to be decoded correctly (although one or more subpackets may still be required in this case, the speed can be selected in accordance with the required probability of a successful first transmission). Perhaps, in this example, the mobile station should choose the speed and format instead of the proposed ones so as to achieve maximum data skipping during resolution. In this case, it may be likely that all permitted subpackets (4, in this example) will be required before the correct decoding occurs. Thus, the next two retransmissions of packet 5 will also probably be NAK negative acknowledgment transmissions. The base station combines subpackets from each serial transmission to increase demodulation performance, as described above. Of course, the speed can also be chosen such that only two retransmissions are likely to be required, etc. This selection process will be described in more detail below. At this time, the mobile station autonomously transmits TX 6 on this ARQ channel (ARQ channel 3 in this example).

During the eighth subpacket of the mobile station, it is possible to decode the NAK command sent and received in the previous frame. At this time, autonomous transmission continues on channel 4 of the ARQ since TX 7 has been transmitted.

During the ninth subpacket, the mobile station decodes the NAK command in connection with TX 5 transmission, and thus TX 5 is retransmitted. Note that in this example there is a delay of 20 ms from one transmission to the retransmission of this packet in a subsequent frame. We also note that there is a delay of 20 ms from the request to the first opportunity, if any, to transmit in response to a permission issued in accordance with the request.

Fig. 9 is a timing diagram illustrating the characteristic operation of the ACK-and Continue command. This diagram is very similar to FIG. 8, so that attention will only be paid to differences. The same four 5ms ARQ channels are used, and autonomous transmissions occur identically to that shown in FIG. TX 2 transmission is also marked with negative acknowledgment of receipt (NAK), as previously.

In this example, however, we note that the individual permission issued in response to the request is valid for only one encoder package. When TX 5 is transmitted in response to permission, the base station has two alternatives when TX 5 transmission is received correctly (in FIG. 8, it was received with an error and had to be retransmitted). The base station will know if the buffer of the mobile station contains more data, as given in the request. To prevent overhead and signaling costs associated with the new grant and request, the base station may decide that the individual grant should be extended. Of course, the base station takes into account the expected autonomous load, interference from other channels, as well as other general and individual resolutions. In this example, the base station makes this decision and sends an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment message on the F-CACKCH. This indicates to the mobile station that TX 5 transmission was received correctly, no additional retransmissions will be necessary. In addition, the mobile station knows that it can continue its scheduled transmissions without an additional request. Therefore, as shown, in response to an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command, the mobile station transmits the scheduled TX 8 transmission.

If for some reason the base station decided that it would be better for the mobile station not to continue transmitting, then the ACK acknowledgment message could be sent instead of the ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment message. Then the mobile station would still be notified that the TX 5 transmission was received correctly and that no retransmission is necessary. However, the permission of this mobile station has now expired, and therefore only autonomous transmission could be available for the duration of the ninth subpacket (details not shown). Various options and technologies using ACK acknowledgment messages and ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation messages will be described in more detail below.

10 is a timing chart illustrating a general resolution action. As described above, all requesting mobile stations can receive a total resolution of the maximum T / P value on the R-ESCH, T / P _{Max_common} , where T / P _{Max_common} ≥ T / P _{Max_auto} . A mobile station without individual authorization may use the first common F-GCHo grant received at time D _{req_grant} after the request. This delay allows the scheduling base station to receive the request and modify the overall resolution accordingly. The total resolution is valid for the duration of the F-GCHo snooze, starting 5 ms after the end of the resolution. These specific parameters are defined for clarity of discussion only, since any parameters may be used in alternative embodiments.

As described in FIG. 9, the base station may use the ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation message to distribute the permission to the mobile station, which has been granted general permission. In fact, this converts the total resolution of the selected mobile station into an individual resolution for each, using the previous general resolution to set the transmission parameters. In addition, sending a new general authorization can be used to reduce the T / P value for those mobile stations that have not received ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation messages. The base station may refrain from sending a new general permission, thereby rejecting all but the selected mobile stations. Sending acknowledgment of ACK reception to selected mobile stations can be used to remove the general permission for these mobile stations. Of course, a special permit for one or more mobile stations that have previously been issued a general permit may be issued to reduce or revoke their general permission, although the cost of a special permit for this purpose may be too high. In an alternative embodiment, if required, the new T / P _{Max_common value} can be applied to mobile stations that have been issued a general permission, operating with an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation message, which makes it possible to modify their permissions in a general manner through a single common permission . In yet another embodiment, if the total resolution increases the T / P value from that used by the mobile station continuing to work on the general resolution with an ACK-and-Continue confirmation message, this mobile station may take advantage of the higher T / P value. Any combination of these technologies can be used. Signaling can be used to modify the behavior of mobile stations responding to common permissions, and different classes of mobile stations can follow different rules based on their class. Thus, for example, the upper class or economy class status can be given to a mobile station or various data type classifications.

Thus, in this example, the request shown in FIG. 10 is too late to allow the mobile station MS _{1 to} use General Resolution 1, as shown. A possible request following the shown request would be too late to allow Mobile Station MS _{1 to} use General Resolution 2. Note that in this example, none of the individual permissions transmitted on GCH ₂ and GCH ₁ are forwarded to MS ₁ . In this general resolution example, the total resolution is transmitted on GCH ₀ and repeated for 20 ms. This allows you to transmit the total resolution at a relatively low power compared to the individual resolution, reducing the capacity of the reverse link required for the total resolution, and allowing it to be used to reach mobile stations with a lower geometric location. Any coding scheme can be used to increase the efficiency of obtaining common resolution. For example, the resolution can be repeated 4 times with a duration of each repetition of 5 ms. Mobile stations can combine as many resolution repetitions as required to decode the resolution. In another alternative, a forward error correction (FEC) coding scheme may be used that spreads the resolution throughout the duration of the total resolution. Various coding schemes are well known in the art.

The scheduled transmissions of the mobile station MS ₁ are transmitted in response to General Resolution 2 with one frame of 5 ms duration between the end of General Resolution 2 and the beginning of the planned transmissions, in order to allow the mobile station time to decode the general resolution. The total resolution is valid for 20 ms, or 4 ARQ channels. While any duration of resolution may be used, in this embodiment, the duration of the total resolution, which is longer than the individual resolution, is used. This allows the overall resolution frequency (which can be used when individual resolutions are too expensive) to be lower for a given number of data transmissions. An alternative embodiment has general resolution channels, which may have shorter or longer durations, but instead of less payload (fewer resolution bits) to reduce forward link power costs. Note that the overhead of the Walsh space on the forward link through the enable channel with fewer bits is also reduced.

The delay from the request to the planned transmission, the General Permission Delay, is therefore at least 35 ms and may be longer if the request occurred earlier with respect to the beginning of the General Permission 2. This request allows the base station to have a conservative approach to planning, in which All requests are known in advance, before the release of the general permit. In a relatively more liberal alternative to a mobile station, it may be allowed to bind to the latest reasonably accepted general permission when the base station is required to reduce the total resolution if the number of requests using the general resolution should be too high.

Note that autonomous transmissions are omitted in FIG. 10 for clarity. It may be likely that the MS ₁ mobile station will send as many autonomous transmissions as are available during the General Permission Delay. An embodiment of the system may require the mobile station MS _{1 to} take advantage of the available offline transmission, but this is not necessary. In various alternative embodiments, the mobile station may be allowed to make a choice to make a request simultaneously with an autonomous transmission, it may be necessary to autonomously transmit during a request and wait for permission, or it may be prohibited to perform an autonomous transmission when the request is in a standby state. Specialists in the art will easily use the myriad of configurations of autonomous and planned transmission, using various combinations of individual and general permissions.

11 is a timing diagram illustrating a non-authorizing base station involved in decoding reverse link transmission from a mobile station and acknowledgment transmissions to a mobile station in soft handoff. The first six frames are similar to those shown in FIG. The mobile station makes a request for data transmission, as well as autonomous TX 1-4 transmissions. The authorizing base station receives the request, decodes it, and determines the appropriate scheduling process. An individual permission is issued, after which the mobile station transmits the scheduled TX 5 transmission. As in FIG. 8, the granting base station does not decode the TX 2 correctly and marks this subpacket with negative acknowledgment (NAK). A non-permitting base station that controls mobile station transmissions on the reverse link during soft switching does not correctly decode any of the first 4 autonomous transmissions of TX 1-4. Thus, none of the base stations confirms TX (TX) transmission, and the mobile station retransmits TX 2, as shown in FIG. The granting base station also negatively acknowledges the reception (NAK) of the planned TX 5 transmission, as shown in FIG. However, the non-granting base station still decodes the TX 5 correctly, and thus, an acknowledgment message (ACK) is transmitted on the F-CACKCH channel of the non-granting base station. Therefore, the TX retransmission shown in FIG. 8 is omitted in the example shown in FIG. 11 (as indicated by the dashed retransmission outline circled by a circle). This is one example of a base station participating in soft handoff.

Depending on the coordination of the base stations, various options with different resulting mobile station behavior may be used. In a representative system without tight coordination between base stations, permissions, like ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation commands, come only from an issuing base station. In this case, the granting base station may allocate some capacity for the expected transmission. One option is for the mobile station to transmit new data in a slot intended for retransmission in order to use the allocated capacity. However, a new permission or ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command in various embodiments allows the mobile station to transmit a predetermined number of subpackets (4 in this example). So, if the new data of the mobile station requires additional subpackets beyond the balance of TX 5 allocated for transmission, the permission will be distributed. One solution is for the base station to recognize the new data and factor the potential distribution for future planning. An alternative is to restrict the mobile station to the choice of speed and format for transmitting new data, which is expected to be completed within the remaining subpackets assigned in the previous resolution (or via ACK-and-Continue). The issuing authorization base station may then acknowledge (ACK) new data to stop any further continuation, if required. The mobile station may also discard new data at the end of the previous resolution if it has not been confirmed (i.e., the mobile station limits itself to the fewer available subpackets for transmitting new data).

In a representative system in which base stations are more tightly coordinated during soft handoffs, the non-granting base station may have the authority to send ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation messages. Then the base station can coordinate the load distribution of the system accordingly.

In a typical embodiment, while ACK and NAK commands may be sent from multiple base stations in soft handoffs, an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command only comes from scheduling base station sectors. Consequently, planning between base stations is not required, which may be an advantage for base station providers and system operators. One advantage may be that a communication link between base stations at a very high speed may not be required. For example, a high-speed feedback link between multiple base stations would be needed to support data arriving in a single frame with a duration of 5 ms, with a decoding time of 5 ms, followed by the transmission of coordinated ACK, NAK, or ACK-and-Continue commands. Thus, in one embodiment, the mobile station only listens for the serving and scheduling base station for permissions and / or acknowledgment of receipt and continuation of the ACK-and-Continue. In an alternative embodiment, yet with uncoordinated base station permissions, the mobile station can listen to multiple base stations in soft handoffs for permissions and / or acknowledgment of receipt and continuation of the ACK-and-Continue, and some arbitration scheme may be used when conflicting signals arrive. For example, in order not to exceed the expected load of the system by any issuing base station, the mobile station can transmit at the minimum allowable T / P value among all base stations in the active set of this mobile station. Note that other rules for mobile stations that differ from the “minimum of all” rule can be used, including probabilistic behavior based on a valid T / P value for resolution. Conflicting responses, including an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command, may be processed as described above with respect to FIG. 11.

In an alternative embodiment, with faster feedback between the base stations, coordination between the base stations can be performed to transmit to a single mobile station. So, for example, the same command transmitted from all base stations can be coordinated and sent (i.e. any type of permission or ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation commands).

12 is a timing chart illustrating a representative embodiment in which retransmission is given priority over a planned resolution. The mobile station makes a request during the autonomous transmission of TX 1. The issuing authorization base station decodes the request and makes a scheduling decision, which will include permission to request the mobile station. However, TX1 transmission is not decoded correctly at the base station, and thus TX1 is marked with negative acknowledgment (NAK). Since the ARQ channel, which would be assigned for the planned transmission, is also the ARQ channel on which TX would be retransmitted, the base station delays the resolution. The reverse link assignment for this ARQ channel may be set for another mobile station. In this example, permission is issued on the next frame. Thus, the mobile station retransmits TX 1 on the fifth frame and transmits the planned TX 5 transmission on the subsequent ARQ channel. Thus, the base station can distribute permissions so as to avoid conflicts in retransmissions. In one embodiment, to take advantage of a higher reliability enable channel, the mobile station may prioritize the received resolution over any NAK, ACK, and ACK-and-Continue commands from the lower reliability channel (F-CACKCH).

13 is a timing chart illustrating the effect of a missed request. As before, the mobile station makes a request after the data arrives for transmission. The mobile station would expect that an early resolution in response, if there is a permission, will arrive at all at a time interval D _{req_grant} after the request. This would correspond to the frame in which TX 3 is transmitted, as shown. However, the request is not received at the base station for some reason, as indicated, due to a decoding failure. Therefore, no resolution is issued, as indicated by the dashed outline on the F-GCH channel, issuing the resolution of the base station. If permission was granted, the mobile station would use the fourth frame to decode it. In this case, no resolution is issued, so no resolution is decoded. Therefore, it was at the beginning of the fifth frame that the mobile station would first be ready to initiate a new request. Thus, four frames from the start of the first request would be the minimum delay for a repeated request following a missed request. Note that, accordingly, during the three frames following the request, no request is made, as indicated by the dashed outline.

The first available frame for the repeated request is illustrated with a dashed outline marked “Possible repeated request”. However, in this embodiment, the mobile station is equipped to wait for an additional delay in the re-request, as indicated, before transmitting a new request. The delay in this example is two frames. The re-request delay can be used by the base station to reduce the reverse link load caused by repeated requests, or to differentiate the quality of service (QoS) by allowing certain classes of mobile stations to make repeated requests faster than others. The delay of the repeated request may be transmitted by a signal to mobile stations. It can be deterministic or probabilistic, i.e. it can be determined randomly. For example, the mobile station generates a random number of times each repeated request and determines this repeated request, respectively. Differentiation of Quality of Service (QoS) can be enabled by shifting a random number, respectively, to give mobile stations or high-end data types a higher likelihood of less delayed re-request than mobile station types or economy-class data.

The mobile station, as shown in FIG. 13, sends a retransmission request as indicated in frame 7, and the granting base station receives and decodes the retry correctly during frame 8. In response, permission is issued in the ninth frame. Note that since the request was missed, there are no issued permissions on the F-GCH prior to frame 9.

Although an example of a missed request is illustrated in FIG. 13, the behavior of the mobile station shown is identical to the situation in which the base station refrains from issuing any permission, individual or general, to the mobile station. The mobile station does not distinguish between a possible missed resolution and a denied resolution. The re-request mechanism is used to control the re-request of the mobile station.

We also note the effect of the missed request on the planning of the issuing base station. When the request is not received correctly at the granting base station, any subsequent general permission issued by that base station will also give permission to the mobile station whose request has not been decoded correctly. Thus, this mobile station will transmit and use part of the shared resource that has not been factorized into the distribution of the base station. There are several ways to resolve this aspect. First of all, the permission issuing base station can simply factor (allocate) a possible additional mobile station into the next distribution, modifying the T / P value of the general resolution to accommodate the additional transmission, if necessary. Another alternative, although possibly unacceptably costly, is for the base station to transmit a signal that the resolution of the mobile station has ended. However, the use of ACK acknowledgment commands is a more efficient and effective way to remove a permission that was issued erroneously or is no longer required. The base station can simply transmit the ACK-and Continue command to those mobile stations that require the general permission to remain effective, and the ACK command to those for which the general permission must be completed.

14 is a timing chart illustrating a delay caused by a missed resolution. In the first frame shown, the mobile station has already issued a request and transmits TX 1 autonomously.

The scheduling base station grants permission to the mobile station during the same frame. However, the resolution is not received correctly, and therefore, in the next frame, the mobile station does not decode the resolution. In the third frame, the mobile station re-sends the request. At the same time, TX 3 autonomous transmission is sent by the mobile station. However, if the permission was not missed, it was in frame 3 that the mobile station could transmit the scheduled transmission. Instead, the scheduling base station responds with a permission for a new request in the fifth frame, which the mobile station receives and decodes correctly in the sixth frame. The mobile station carries out the planned transmission, TX 7, in the seventh frame. Note the four-frame delay in the planned transmission due to missed resolution.

In a typical embodiment, the scheduling base station may detect a loss of resolution when it receives a transmission limited by the autonomous T / P value in frame 3. The base station may determine that the resolution has been lost or the mobile station has been limited in power, as opposed to the expected value T / P allowed in a missed permit. While it is possible that a mobile station that adopted an individual resolution with a higher T / P value would transmit T / P values at a lower autonomous limit, this may be unlikely and the base station could take advantage of the identified and likely missed resolution . In the example shown in FIG. 14, a re-request was made without delaying the re-request. Thus, the next frame in the allowed ARQ channel, frame 7, will be used for the scheduled transmission, as required. In an alternative example, shown here, if the mobile station were subject to a delay in the re-request, the re-request would not be accepted by the scheduling base station in frame 4. The scheduling base station would then be able to reassign the T / P value assigned to the mobile station for frame 7, for another mobile station, so that the resources of the system would not be underutilized.

15 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for scheduling and acknowledging transmissions. In a typical embodiment, the method may be iterated indefinitely by repeating the process once for each subpacket frame (5 ms, for example). The process begins at step 1520 when the scheduling base station receives access requests from one or more mobile stations. Note that the scheduling base station can serve multiple mobile stations. A subset of these mobile stations may not have any data to transmit. Another subset can only transmit autonomously. Another subset may send an access request (along with autonomous data transfer, if applicable).

In step 1520, the scheduling base station allocates the shared resource to the expected number of autonomous transmissions, one or more individual permissions, if any, general permission for the remainder of the requests, if required, and any permissions that will expand from previous permissions (individual or common). Some mobile stations may not transmit at all, and technologies for estimating the number of transmitting base stations are known in the art, including using system statistics, previous transmissions, the type of data previously transmitted, and any number of other factors. Suitable operating limits, such as to allow for uncertainty, may be included, which may be predetermined or dynamically updated as conditions change. The remaining mobile stations wishing to transmit, with some exceptions, will be known due to access requests, which may also indicate the amount of data to transmit. The base station can track how much data is left for transmission from each of the requesting mobile stations. One exception may be missed requests that the base station will not know about. As described above, in this case, the mobile station whose request is missed can still transmit in accordance with the general resolution, if any. The base station may include some operating limits to allow for such unexpected transmissions. The base station can also quickly stop unexpected transmissions using the ACK command instead of the ACK-and-Continue command. Based on the expected autonomous transmission and any applicable operational limits, the base station can allocate the shared resource to shared and general permissions, if any. Again, mobile stations can be selected for increased transmission based on their geometrical location with dedicated QoS service quality to increase throughput for a given system load while maintaining service levels. In a representative 1xEV-DV system, the shared resource is the residual reverse link resource not assigned to other channels, as described above. The magnitude of the reverse link capacity for assignment to the R-ESCH may thus vary with time.

In step 1530, the base station transmits permissions. Individual permits may be transmitted through one or more individual authorization channels. Mobile stations may be assigned to track a permission channel specific to that mobile station, or one or more individual permission channels through which multiple mobile stations can receive individual permissions. In one embodiment, a single common resolution channel is used to transmit general resolution. In an alternative embodiment, multiple common permissions may be assigned and transmitted over multiple common permission channels. Mobile stations may be assigned to track one or more general resolution channels, and the number to be tracked may be a subset of the total number of general resolution channels.

In step 1540, the base station receives data transmissions from mobile stations. These transmissions will include autonomous transmissions, as well as any transmissions made in response to any individual or general permissions. The base station may receive unexpected transmissions. For example, a missed request may result in a mobile station transmitting in response to a common grant. As another example, a mobile station may incorrectly decode an individual grant directed to another mobile station and transmit according to that individual grant instead of a general grant or instead of refraining from transmitting in the event that no general grant is issued. In yet another example, a mobile station may incorrectly decode ACK or NAK commands as ACK-and-Continue, thereby erroneously renewing a previous resolution or ending incomplete transmission and renewing a previous resolution. The base station decodes each of the received transmissions and determines whether or not these transmissions were decoded with errors.

In step 1550, the base station selectively extends previous permissions, if designation allows, for any number of mobile stations that have previously received permissions. The base station uses the ACK-and-Continue command, thereby avoiding the overhead associated with additional requests and permissions. Those transmissions that are received with errors will be marked with a negative acknowledgment of receipt (NAK), and retransmission will follow if the maximum number of retransmissions (or subpackets) has not been reached. Those mobile stations for which the permit should not be renewed (and whose transmissions were decoded without an identified error) will be sent ACK commands. The process then terminates (and can be repeated in the next frame).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for making requests, receiving permissions and acknowledgments, and transmitting data accordingly. This method is suitable for use in communicating a mobile station with a scheduling base station. This base station may use a method, such as method 1500, described above. This process can be iterated for each frame in a similar way as method 1500.

The process begins at decision block 1605. If the mobile station does not have data to transmit, the process stops. Data may arrive for transmission in a future iteration. If data is present, i.e. are in the data buffer, go to step 1610 and / or 1615.

Steps 1610 and 1615 may be performed simultaneously or sequentially regardless of order. The tracking (monitoring) functions of the HARQ channel and the resolution channels may be interconnected, as shown in this embodiment, or may be shared. This embodiment illustrates the features of each. Those skilled in the art can easily use the principles disclosed herein in an uncountable array of alternative embodiments containing the steps shown or their subsets.

In step 1610, the F-CACKCH is monitored for any HARQ commands directed to the mobile station based on a previous transmission. As described above, in this example, the mobile station may receive ACK, NAK, or ACK-and-Continue commands (if the previous transmission was in response to permission). The permission channels assigned to the mobile station for tracking, which may be a subset of the total number of permission channels, both individual and / or general, are tracked in step 1615 when a previous request from the mobile station was issued. Naturally, the mobile station does not need to monitor the F-CACKCH or permission channels if neither the previous transmission nor the previous request were made, respectively.

At decision block 1620, the HARQ portion of the process begins. If there was no previous transmission, the mobile station will not expect any response on the F-CACKCH, and thus the process can skip to decision block 1640 (details are omitted for clarity). If the ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command is received in response to the previous transmission (and the previous permission), proceed to step 1665. The mobile station is granted extended access permission based on the previous permission, and it can use the previously assigned T / P value . Note that in alternative embodiments, a change in overall resolution may or may not be applicable to change the T / P value of the previous resolution, as described above. If the ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command is not received, proceed to decision block 1625.

At decision block 1625, if an ACK acknowledgment command is received, the previous permission, if any, is not extended. No retransmission is required. The mobile station can still transmit independently, which will be apparent from the rest of the flowchart. In a typical embodiment, the remainder of the flowchart dealing with determining whether a new permission has been issued will not be applicable since the mobile station would not have a pending request (since this would drain the capacity and to prevent this, the ACK-flag is used and-Continue). However, in alternative embodiments, multiple requests may be allowed to simultaneously wait for execution, possibly to provide for multiple ARQ channels. These alternatives are covered by the scope of the invention, but the details are not shown for the sake of clarity. If an ACK command is received, proceed to decision block 1640. Note that decision block 1625 may include a test as to whether a previous transmission was made, and if not, no acknowledgment of ACK (or ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and continuation command) will be expected, proceed to block 1640 decision making (branching).

At decision block 1625, if no ACK is received, then NAK is assumed by default. Go to decision block 1630. At decision block 1630, if the maximum number of subpackets has been transmitted, no retransmission is permitted. Proceed to decision block 1640 to verify any incoming decisions or to transmit autonomously, as will be described below. If the subpackets remain, go to step 1635 and retransmit in accordance with the previous transmission, autonomous or planned. Then the process can stop for the duration of the current frame.

Decision blocks 1640 and 1645 apply when a previous request has been made, and permission of one type or the other may be accepted. If no previous request has been made, the mobile station may go directly to decision block 1650 (details are omitted for clarity). Note that in this case, the mobile station is not required to perform step 1615 as well. Alternatively, decision blocks 1640 and 1645 include checking whether a previous request has been made or not, and ignoring individual resolution (most likely erroneously decoded) or general resolution (which would not be valid for a non-requesting mobile station).

At decision block 1640, if an individual permit is received in response to a previous request, proceed to step 1670. The T / P value is given to the mobile station as indicated in the individual permit. If not, proceed to decision block 1645.

At decision block 1645, if the general permission is received in response to a previous request, proceed to step 1675. The T / P value is given to the mobile station as indicated in the general permission. If not, proceed to decision block 1650.

At decision block 1650, the mobile station determines whether or not it wants to make a request. Various factors, described in detail above, may be included in this decision. For example, there may be a minimum amount of data required to make a request reasonable. The amount of data awaiting transmission must exceed that which can be transmitted autonomously. In addition, if subsequent autonomous transmissions deplete this data faster than waiting for a request and permission, then no request is required. Quality of service may be involved in decision making. The mobile station may determine that the request is acceptable for certain types of data, but that autonomous transmission is suitable for others. Or, the mobile station may be limited in its ability to make requests based on the QoS level of service of the mobile station. Various other examples are described in detail above, and others will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Note that a decision to transmit a request can be made for data buffers with different levels of QoS service quality or groups of such data buffers in order to adapt the quality and delay provided for these data buffers. If a request is required, proceed to decision block 1655. If not, go to step 1680. The mobile station (unless otherwise limited) may perform autonomous transmission using the T / P value indicated as the maximum autonomous T / P value.

At decision block 1655, if a previous request was made, any re-request condition must be satisfied (examples described in detail above with respect to FIG. 13). A previous request may be missed, or intentionally not granted permission based on the assignment process by the base station. Or, an individual or general permission can be obtained for the previous request, and then this request is completed by the ACK command (or cannot be renewed using the ACK-and-Continue confirmation command). In any case, if the applicable re-query conditions are not satisfied, go to step 1680 to use the autonomous T / P value as just described. If the retransmission conditions are satisfied, go to step 1660 and transmit the request. In a typical embodiment, the request includes the amount of data in the buffer and the T / P value supported by the mobile station (which may change over time). The permission issued in response to the request, if any, will come in a later frame, and therefore, in the subsequent iteration of this process 1600. In a typical embodiment, the mobile station can immediately perform autonomous transmission, and thus proceeds to step 1680 as soon as what was described.

Steps 1665-1680, each, assigns a T / P value for the mobile station to use during transmission. From any of these steps, proceed to step 1685. In step 1685, the mobile station selects transmission parameters based on the assigned T / P value. Note that the T / P value is used only as an example. Other assignable system parameters may be used in alternative embodiments. For example, other power values may be used that allow the mobile station to select transmission parameters. Alternatively, less flexibility may be allowed to the mobile station, and one or more transmission parameters may be specifically assigned (either in resolution or transmitted by a signal for use in autonomous transmission). Various methods for selecting transmission parameters are known in the art. Other new methods have been described above. 17, described in detail below, presents in detail a representative method for performing step 1685, as well as alternatives. Once transmission parameters have been selected, proceed to step 1690.

In step 1690, the mobile station transmits a data volume compatible with and selected with the selected parameters. The parameters may include the encoder packet size, modulation format, power level for traffic and / or pilot signals (including primary, secondary, or additional pilot signals) and any other transmission parameters known in the art. In a typical embodiment, for individual resolution, the subpacket is transmitted on the ARQ channel. If the long-resolution icon is used and inserted into an individual resolution, the mobile station can transmit on more than one ARQ channel. In a representative embodiment, the total resolution is valid for 20 ms, or 4 ARQ channels. A mobile station receiving general permissions can use all of them. This method is suitable for use with multiple subpackets and ARQ channels, as described in detail here, although details are omitted in FIG. 16. These are just examples, and those of ordinary skill in the art will easily extend these principles to countless configurations of embodiments. After the transfer, the process then stops for the duration of the current frame.

17 is a flowchart illustrating a method for selecting transmission parameters in response to an available T / P value. This is suitable for use in step 1685, described in detail above, as well as any other embodiment in which transmission parameters are selected based on the T / P value. The process begins at decision block 1710. The T / P value is assigned for use by the mobile station. If the available transmit power of the mobile station is insufficient to use the assigned T / P, proceed to step 1720 to reduce the T / P value to match the available transmit power.

In a representative embodiment, a T / P value is assigned. Parameter P is associated with pilot power, which is a controlled base station. Depending on the selected speed and format, additional pilot power may be required. In this example, additional pilot power is transmitted on the secondary pilot channel, in this case R-RICH. The mobile station may wish to introduce some operational limits, since the future direction of the power control commands is unknown, and may require additional pilot power. The mobile station determines its available transmit power and compares it with the sum of the pilot signal power (primary or secondary), the traffic power, and any operational limits that are appropriate to determine if the allowed T / P value (or the assigned for autonomous transmission). The T / P value, modified as necessary, will be used to select transmission parameters. Go to decision block 1730

Decision block 1730 is an example of the flexibility that a mobile station may allow. The only solution used in this example is for clarity, although additional levels may be introduced, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In this case, a decision is made as to whether maximum throughput or short delay time is required. If a short delay time is required, go to step 1750. If maximum throughput is desired, go to step 1740.

In any case, the set of available parameters is determined. This example uses the parameters defined in Table 1. An uncountable number of parameter combinations can be used. The system can update parameters as required by signaling. The quality of QoS services can be factorized to limit the choices that a mobile station has to a subset of the total number of combinations of a parameter set. For example, a mobile station or economy class data type may have a maximum T / P value regardless of the T / P value provided by the resolution (the scheduling base station may also limit the resolution as such). Or an economy-class mobile station may always be forced to choose the maximum bandwidth. In some cases, additional flexibility weakens the tight control that the scheduling base station has on the reverse link channel.

By limiting flexibility, additional capacity can be achieved. Thus, limiting flexibility for mobile stations or economy data types may be appropriate.

In step 1740, the mobile station requests the maximum throughput and, thus, the allowable T / P value under the assumption of the maximum number of subpackets and in expectation that all subpackets will need to be transmitted, on average. In Table 1, this corresponds to the row restriction to those designated as having four 5 ms slots. There is one such line for each encoder packet size. Then select the packet size of the encoder, marked by the value of T / P. The rest of the parameters, such as the repetition rate, modulation format, Walsh channel selection, coding rate and so on, are given in the corresponding line. Those skilled in the art will easily extend this to countless sets of channel parameters in addition to those shown in Table 1.

At step 1750, a short wait time is requested, so that a number of subpackets smaller than the maximum is selected for the expected number of retransmissions of subpackets (the actual number of retransmissions will vary depending on channel conditions, error probability, etc.). For the smallest possible latency, the mobile station can select a row such that a successful transmission is expected (within the required probability) in a single subpacket. Of course, if the data to be transmitted does not fit in a single subpacket for a given available T / P value, the actual delay time can be shortened by selecting a row with more than one subpacket (i.e. 2 or 3). Note that the base station may be able to reassign subpackets not used by the mobile station (i.e., it is decided to use less than the maximum number). In a typical embodiment, the resolution of the T / P value is issued on the assumption that the mobile station has the right to use all subpackets. If the earlier subpacket is received correctly, the base station may respond with an ACK-and Continue acknowledgment and continuation command (if additional data is awaiting transmission) or reassign the slots of the subsequent ARQ channel to another mobile station. Again, too much latitude allowed by the mobile station may result in less stringent RoT control and thus potential loss of bandwidth. Those skilled in the art will fine tune flexibility to the desired system performance.

Various methods for selecting a row from a table of possible combinations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. One example is to organize a table based on the required T / P ratio for each combination of data rate (and other parameters) and the expected number of subpackets. The mobile station would then select a combination with the desired features (latency, bandwidth, etc.) from the set supported by the set T / P value. Or, more simply, the T / P value may be an index for a particular row. An indexed line may be updated by signaling. If additional flexibility is required, the selected number of subpackages can be marked with an index for a given T / P value. Certain data types, such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP), for example, may also choose the maximum bandwidth option (i.e. the maximum encoder packet size with the highest expected number of subpacket retransmissions).

Again this example is described using the characteristic parameter T / P of the system destination. Alternative embodiments may use alternative parameters or may specifically direct one or more of the parameters for use by a mobile station. From any step, 1740 or 1750, once the parameters have been selected, the process can stop.

It should be noted that in all of the embodiments described herein, the steps of the method can be mutually replaced without departing from the scope of legal protection of the invention. The descriptions disclosed herein in many cases referred to signals, parameters and procedures associated with the 1xEv-DV standard, but the scope of legal protection of the present invention is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art will easily apply the principles set forth herein to various other communication systems. These and other modifications will be apparent to those with ordinary skills in the art.

Those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols and elementary signals (cheats), which may be referenced in the above description, can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any of them a combination.

Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, or steps have been described above mainly in terms of their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Specialists can implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but the election of such an implementation should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of legal protection of the present invention.

The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) ) or other programmable logic device, discrete gateway or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described here. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a digital signal processor (DSP) and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

The steps of the method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electronic-programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disk, removable disk a compact disk storage device (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A representative storage medium is connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from this storage medium and write information to it. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in a specialized integrated circuit (ASIC). This custom integrated circuit (ASIC) can be hosted in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiment is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications of these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the initial principles formulated herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown here, but should correspond to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and new features disclosed herein.

Claims (83)

1. A base station configured to operate with a plurality of remote stations configured to transmit via a shared resource, comprising: a receiver for receiving a plurality of access requests for transmission on a shared resource from a corresponding plurality of remote stations;
a scheduler for allocating a portion of a shared resource to zero or more requesting remote stations in response to a plurality of access requests, this distribution containing zero or more individual access permissions for zero or more requesting remote stations and zero or one common access permission for the remaining requesting remote stations; and
a transmitter for transmitting individual access permissions to respective remote stations via one or more individual permission channels and for transmitting general access authorization to the remaining remote stations via one or more general permission channels. 2. The base station according to claim 1, further configured to operate with a plurality of remote stations equipped for autonomous transmission via a shared resource using a limited portion of the shared resource without requesting access or access permission, and the scheduler calculates the expected value of the shared the resource, which should be spent through autonomous transfers, and in accordance with this distributes part of the shared resource for the individual nyh and sharing permissions. 3. The base station according to claim 1, in which the individual permission can distribute a portion of the shared resource that is greater, less than or equal to the part for any other individual or general permission. 4. The base station according to claim 1, in which the resolution contains the maximum value of the ratio of traffic to pilot (T / P). 5. The base station according to claim 1, in which the resolution contains the transmission rate. 6. The base station according to claim 1, in which the resolution contains a transmit power level. 7. The base station according to claim 1, in which the resolution contains a modulation format. 8. The base station according to claim 1, in which individual permissions are distributed to remote stations with a relatively higher geometric location. 9. The base station according to claim 1, in which the scheduler determines the distribution in accordance with one or more levels of quality of service (QoS). 10. The base station according to claim 1, in which the individual permissions are valid for the first period of time, and the total resolution is valid for the second period of time, and the second period of time is greater than the first period of time. 11. The base station according to claim 1, in which the individual permissions contain a duration label, and this duration label indicates that the individual permission is valid for the first time period or one or more additional time periods, and one or more of one or more additional periods times are longer than the first time period. 12. The base station according to claim 11, in which the total resolution is valid for a second period of time, and the second period of time is longer than the first period of time. 13. The base station according to claim 1, in which the individual permission command is transmitted during the first time period, and the general permission command is transmitted during the second time period, the second time period being longer than the first time period. 14. The base station according to claim 1, additionally configured to work with one or more remote stations that transmit when obtaining permission from one or more access permissions, and the base station further comprises
a decoder for decoding one or more received packets and determining whether this one or more received packets are decoded without error, and
the receiver further receives this one or more data packets from one or more remote stations, respectively;
the transmitter further transmits to one or more remote stations an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command, respectively, when the corresponding received packet is decoded without error, and the access permission for the corresponding remote station must be renewed, and
the scheduler determines the allocation of a portion of the shared resource according to individual or general permissions renewable by one or more ACK-and-Continue commands. 15. A base station configured to work with a remote station transmitting upon receipt of permission from an access permission, comprising
a receiver for receiving a data packet from a remote station;
a decoder for decoding the received packet and determining whether the received packet is decoded without errors; and
a transmitter for transmitting a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command to the remote station when the received packet is not decoded without errors, ACK-and-Continue confirmation commands when the received packet is decoded without errors and the access permission for the remote station must be renewed, and an acknowledgment command (ACK) when the received packet is decoded without errors and the access permission should not be renewed. 16. The base station of claim 15, wherein the ACK command is transmitted by the first value, the ACK-and-Continue command is transmitted by the second value, and the NAK command is not transmitted. 17. The base station according to clause 16, in which the first and second values are values of opposite polarity. 18. A remote station containing
a data buffer for receiving data for transmission;
a message generator for generating an access request message when the data buffer contains data for transmission;
a receiver for receiving one or more individual resolution channels and one or more general resolution channels from the base station;
a message decoder for decoding an access permission directed to a remote station, wherein this access permission comprises an individual permission directed over one of one or more individual permission channels, or a general permission over one of one or more general permission channels; and
a transmitter for transmitting the access request message and for transmitting a portion of the data from the data buffer in response to the decoded access permission. 19. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the transmitter further transmits a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer autonomously, regardless of whether access permission has been received. 20. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the transmitter transmits on one of the plurality of channels after receiving access permission. 21. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the transmitter transmits on two or more of the plurality of channels after receiving access permission. 22. The remote station according to item 21, in which the access permission is an individual permission containing a mark of long-term resolution, and the mark of long-term resolution is approved. 23. The remote station of claim 21, wherein the access permission is a general permission. 24. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the resolution comprises a traffic to pilot ratio (T / P) value. 25. The remote station of claim 24, further comprising a processor for selecting transmission parameters based on the T / P value. 26. The remote station of claim 25, wherein the transmission parameters comprise an encoder packet size. 27. The remote station of claim 25, wherein the transmission parameters comprise an expected number of subpacket transmissions. 28. The remote station of claim 27, wherein the selected number of expected subpacket transmissions is the maximum number of subpacket transmissions. 29. The remote station of claim 27, wherein the selected number of expected subpacket transmissions is less than the maximum number of subpacket transmissions. 30. The remote station of claim 25, wherein the transmission parameters comprise a modulation format. 31. The remote station of claim 25, wherein the transmission parameters comprise a transmission power level for the secondary pilot channel. 32. The remote station of claim 25, wherein the processor decreases the T / P value when the transmitter has insufficient transmit power to transmit in accordance with the reduced T / P value. 33. The remote station of claim 18, wherein
the receiver further receives an ACK-and-Continue acknowledgment and renewal command; and
the transmitter transmits an additional piece of data from the data buffer in response to a previously decoded access permission. 34. The remote station of claim 18, wherein
the receiver further receives an acknowledgment command (ACK); and
the transmitter stops transmitting data from the data buffer in response to a previously decoded access permission. 35. The remote station of claim 34, wherein the transmitter further transmits a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer autonomously after receiving an ACK command. 36. The remote station of claim 18, wherein
the receiver further receives a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command; and
the transmitter retransmits a portion of the data from the data buffer previously transmitted in response to the previously decoded access permission. 37. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the message generator generates an access request message due to the amount of data in the data buffer exceeding a predetermined threshold value. 38. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the message generator generates an access request message based on a service level of quality of service (QoS). 39. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the message generator generates an access request message due to re-request conditions that are satisfied with respect to the previously generated access request message. 40. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the message generator generates an access request message due to a desired data transmission latency. 41. The remote station of claim 18, wherein the message generator generates an access request message due to the required data throughput. 42. A remote station containing an encoding device for messages to encode an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises at least one of the following: an indicator of the amount of data to transmit, a supported traffic to pilot ratio (T / P) value, or service quality indicator (QoS). 43. A base station comprising an encoding device for messages for encoding a permission message, wherein the permission message contains at least one of the following: remote station identifier, permitted traffic to pilot ratio (T / P) value, long resolution mark, or service quality indicator (QoS). 44. A wireless communication system comprising
a plurality of remote stations, each subset of which transmits an access request message to generate a plurality of access request messages;
a base station for receiving a plurality of access request messages;
distributing a shared resource of the system among a plurality of remote stations; and
transmitting zero or more individual access permissions to a subset of the requesting remote stations and zero or more general access permissions to the remaining requesting remote stations. 45. The wireless communications system of claim 44, wherein the requesting remote stations receive the transmitted individual or general access permissions and transmit data to the base station, respectively, in accordance with these permissions. 46. The wireless communications system of claim 45, wherein the base station receives transmitted data from a plurality of remote stations;
decodes the received data to determine if each transmission from the plurality of remote stations was received in error; and
sends an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command to the first subset of the plurality of remote stations to indicate that the data has been received without errors and to extend previously granted general or individual permissions issued to the first subset of the plurality of remote stations. 47. The wireless communications system of claim 46, wherein the base station transmits an acknowledgment command (ACK) to a second subset of the plurality of remote stations to indicate that data has been received without errors and to complete previously granted general or individual permissions issued to the second subset many remote stations. 48. The wireless communication system of claim 44, wherein the second subset of the plurality of remote stations transmits data autonomously. 49. The method of controlling access to a shared resource, which is that
receiving a plurality of access requests for transmission by a shared resource from a corresponding plurality of remote stations;
allocating part of the shared resource for zero or more requesting remote stations in response to multiple access requests, the distribution containing zero or more individual access permissions for zero or more requesting remote stations and zero or one general access permission for the remaining requesting remote stations;
transmit individual access permissions to the respective remote stations via one or more individual permission channels; and
transmit the general access permission to the remaining remote stations via one or more general permission channels. 50. The method according to § 49, with the ability to work with many remote stations equipped to perform offline transmission over a shared resource using a limited portion of a shared resource, without an access request or access permission, which further calculates the expected value of the shared resource, which should be consumed in autonomous transmissions, and in accordance with this allocate part of the shared resource for individual and general access permissions. 51. The method according to § 49, in which the distribution is performed according to one or more levels of quality of service (QoS). 52. The method according to § 49, with the ability to work with one or more remote stations that transmit when receiving permission from one or more access permissions, in which
decode one or more received packets;
determining whether one or more received packets were decoded without errors;
transmit to one or more remote stations an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command, respectively, when the corresponding received packet is decoded without errors and the access permission for the corresponding remote station must be renewed; and
wherein the distribution of part of the shared resource is performed in accordance with individual or general permissions renewable by one or more ACK-and-Continue commands. 53. A method of controlling access to a shared resource with the ability to work with a remote station that transmits upon receipt of permission from access permission, which is that
receive a data packet from a remote station;
decode the received packet;
determining whether the received packet was decoded without errors; and
transmit a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command to the remote station when the received packet was not decoded without errors, an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command when the received packet was decoded without errors and the access permission for this remote station should be renewed, and an acknowledgment command (ACK) when the received packet is decoded without errors and the access permission should not be renewed. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the ACK command is transmitted by the first value, the ACK-and-Continue command is transmitted by the second value, and the NAK command is not transmitted. 55. The method according to item 54, in which the first and second values are values of opposite polarity. 56. The method of transfer, which consists in the fact that
receive data for transmission;
save data in the data buffer;
generating an access request message;
transmit an access request message;
receive one or more individual resolution channels and one or more general resolution channels from the base station;
decoding an access permission comprising an individual permission directed over one of one or more individual permission channels, or a general permission over one of one or more general permission channels; and
transmit a portion of the data from the data buffer in response to a decoded access permission. 57. The method of claim 56, further comprising transmitting a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer autonomously, regardless of whether access permission has been received. 58. The method according to p, in which the resolution contains the value of the ratio of traffic to pilot (T / P). 59. The method of claim 58, wherein further selecting transmission parameters based on the T / P value. 60. The method according to § 59, in which the transmission parameters contain the packet size of the encoder. 61. The method of claim 59, wherein the transmission parameters comprise the expected number of subpacket transmissions. 62. The method according to § 59, wherein when selecting, the maximum number of subpacket transmissions is selected. 63. The method according to § 59, in which when choosing, less than the maximum number of sub-packet transmissions is selected. 64. The method according to § 58, which further reduces the value of T / P when insufficient transmission power is available in order to transmit in accordance with the unchanged value of T / P. 65. The method according to p, in which additionally
accept an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command; and
transmit an additional part of the data from the data buffer in response to a previously decoded access permission. 66. The method of claim 56, further comprising: receiving an acknowledgment command (ACK); and
stop transmitting data from the data buffer in response to a previously decoded access permission. 67. The method according to p, in which additionally transmit a limited part of the data contained in the data buffer, autonomously, after the received ACK command. 68. The method according to p, in which additionally
accept a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command; and
retransmit a portion of the data from the data buffer previously transmitted in response to a previously decoded access permission. 69. A base station containing
means for receiving a plurality of access requests for transmission by a shared resource from a corresponding plurality of remote stations;
means for allocating a portion of the shared resource to zero or more to the requesting remote stations in response to a plurality of access requests, this distribution containing zero or more individual access permissions for zero or more requesting remote stations and zero or one general access permission for the remaining requesting remote stations;
means for transmitting individual access permissions to respective remote stations via one or more individual permission channels; and
means for transmitting the general access permission to the remaining remote stations via one or more general permission channels. 70. The base station according to claim 69, configured to operate with a plurality of remote stations equipped for autonomous transmission over a shared resource using a limited portion of the shared resource without requesting access or access permission, further comprising
means for calculating the expected value of the shared resource, which should be consumed in autonomous transmissions, and in accordance with this distribution of part of the shared resource for individual and general access permissions. 71. A base station configured to work with a remote station transmitting upon receipt of permission from an access permission, comprising
means for receiving a data packet from a remote station;
means for decoding the received packet;
means for determining whether the received packet has been decoded without errors; and
means for transmitting a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command to the remote station when the received packet was not decoded without errors, ACK-and-Continue confirmation commands when the received packet was decoded without errors and access permission for this remote stations should be extended, and acknowledgment commands (ACKs) when the received packet is decoded without errors and access authorization should not be extended. 72. A remote station containing
means for receiving data for transmission;
means for storing data in a data buffer;
means for generating an access request message;
means for transmitting an access request message;
means for receiving one or more individual resolution channels and one or more general resolution channels from the base station;
means for decoding an access permission comprising an individual permission directed over one of one or more individual permission channels or a general permission on one of one or more general permission channels; and
means for transmitting a portion of the data from the data buffer in response to a decoded access permission. 73. The remote station of claim 72, further comprising means for transmitting a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer autonomously, regardless of whether access permission has been received. 74. A base station containing
means for receiving a plurality of access requests for transmission over a shared resource from a corresponding plurality of remote stations;
means for allocating a portion of the shared resource for zero or more requesting remote stations in response to a plurality of access requests, wherein the distribution contains zero or more individual access permissions for zero or more requesting remote stations and zero or one general access permission for the remaining requesting remote stations ;
means for transmitting individual access permissions to respective remote stations on one or more individual permission channels; and
means for transmitting the general access permission to the remaining remote stations via one or more general permission channels. 75. The base station according to claim 74, configured to operate with a plurality of remote stations equipped to perform offline transmission through a shared resource using a limited portion of a shared resource without requesting access or authorizing access, further comprising means for calculating the expected value of the shared of the used resource, which should be spent on autonomous transfers, and for the distribution of part of the shared resource for individual and general access permissions in accordance with this. 76. A base station configured to work with a remote station transmitting upon receipt of permission from an access permission, comprising
means for receiving a data packet from a remote station;
means for decoding the received packet;
means for determining whether the received packet has been decoded without errors; and
means for transmitting a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command to the remote station when the received packet was not decoded without errors, ACK-and-Continue confirmation commands when the received packet was decoded without errors and access permission for this remote stations should be extended, and acknowledgment commands (ACKs) when the received packet is decoded without errors and access authorization should not be extended. 77. A remote station containing
means for receiving data for transmission;
means for storing data in a data buffer;
means for generating an access request message;
means for transmitting an access request message;
means for receiving one or more individual resolution channels and one or more general resolution channels from the base station;
means for decoding an access permission comprising an individual permission directed over one of one or more individual permission channels or a general permission on one of one or more general permission channels; and
means for transmitting a portion of the data from the data buffer in response to a decoded access permission. 78. The remote station of claim 77, further comprising means for transmitting a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer autonomously, regardless of whether access permission has been obtained. 79. The storage medium read by the processor containing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the following steps to be performed, in which
receiving a plurality of access requests for transmission over a shared resource from a corresponding plurality of remote stations;
allocating a portion of the shared resource to zero or more requesting remote stations in response to a plurality of access requests, this distribution containing zero or more individual access permissions for zero or more requesting remote stations and zero or one common access permission for the remaining requesting remote stations; and transmitting individual access permissions to the respective remote stations through one or more individual permission channels; and
transmit the general access permission to the remaining remote stations via one or more general permission channels. 80. The storage medium readable by the processor according to claim 79, configured to operate with a plurality of remote stations equipped to perform autonomous transmission by means of a shared resource using a limited portion of the shared resource without requesting access or authorizing access, further comprising instructions that, when executed processor, cause the following steps to calculate the expected value of the shared resource, which should be consumed ovatsya with autonomous transmissions, and in accordance with the partitioned part of the shared resource for individual and common access permissions. 81. A data carrier read by the processor, containing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the following steps to be taken, which receive a data packet from a remote station transmitting when obtaining permission from access permission; decode the received packet;
determining whether the received packet was decoded without errors; and
transmit a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command to the remote station when the received packet was not decoded without errors, an ACK-and-Continue confirmation command when the received packet was decoded without errors and the access permission for this remote station should be renewed, and an acknowledgment command (ACK) when the received packet is decoded without errors and the access permission should not be renewed. 82. A data carrier read by the processor containing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the following steps to be performed, in which
receive data for transmission;
save data in the data buffer;
generating an access request message; transmit an access request message;
receive one or more individual resolution channels and one or more general resolution channels from the base station;
decoding an access permission comprising an individual permission directed over one of one or more individual permission channels, or a general permission over one of one or more general permission channels; and
transmit a portion of the data from the data buffer in response to a decoded access permission. 83. The storage medium readable by the processor according to claim 82, further comprising instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the next step to be performed, in which a limited portion of the data contained in the data buffer is transmitted autonomously, regardless of whether access permission has been received.

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