RU2342787C1 - Portable station of satellite communication - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, communication.

SUBSTANCE: mobile station of satellite communication contains station of a satellite communication as a part of antenna system, the device of partitioning of paths of reception and transmission, the transceiver, channeling equipment, the block of guidance and prompting system, the switching block, a router, the portable computer of the operator's automated workplace (PC OAWP), the small-sized printer, station of navigation as a part of the transceiver, the antenna and the portable terminal of data, the self-acting circuit changer of channels, base station of trunking radio communications with the antenna, two user's (vehicle-carried or man-portable) stations of the mobile radio communication with antennas, a user's line of telecommunication, n of portable stations of the mobile radio communication, a telephone set of system of automatic telephone exchange, wire communication links, the block of a workplace of the functional, the portable computer of a workplace of the dispatcher, system of a video conferencing as a part of a small-sized videocamera, a dynamic microphone and phone (dynamics), The block of recording of video signals of system of the video observation, two portable portable videocameras, base station of broadband wireless access (BWA) with the antenna and two user's stations BWA with antennas, the basic and portable telephone sets of system of MB.

EFFECT: expansion of functionality and pinch of throughput capacity of communication centre

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to telecommunication technology and can be used to organize radiotelephone communications, video conferencing and data exchange via channels formed by a satellite communications station and radio facilities, to provide communications in the absence of telecommunication infrastructure and emergencies, as well as to provide interfacing with existing communication systems and networks ministries and departments.

Known systems and complexes of satellite communications, including subscriber and ground-based satellite communications stations, containing an antenna system, a device for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver as part of a low-noise amplifier, a frequency converter, demodulator, multiplexer, modulator, frequency converter, power amplifier , control unit and guidance system [1].

Stationary and portable mobile subscriber stations are also known that contain antenna systems, transceivers as part of receivers, transmitters, modulator-demodulator blocks and terminal equipment for channeling and maintaining duplex telephone communication, data transmission and various messages [2, 3] .

In existing satellite networks and mobile radio networks, subscribers can exchange information between themselves separately in each of the communication networks. For subscribers of one network to go to another network, additional devices will be required or communication between them can be provided only through special switching centers. This leads to a significant increase in the time to establish a connection and to the inability to provide communication between subscribers of different networks due to the use of different types of terminal tools with different operation algorithms.

The solution to this problem is possible through the creation of a mobile communication center, which would include satellite communications and mobile radio communications, as well as interfacing to provide access from one communication network to another. At the same time, the issues of organizing communications are simplified, the efficiency of communication and the ease of use of these tools are significantly improved.

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention, which resolves the issues of joint use of satellite communications and mobile communications to provide various types of communications, is a mobile mobile communications node described in [4].

This mobile mobile communications unit contains a satellite communication station as part of an antenna system, a device for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver, channelization equipment, a control unit and a guidance system, a switching unit, a router, a laptop computer, a small-sized printer, a fax machine, and a navigation station as a part transceiver, antenna and mobile data terminal, automatic channel switcher, trunked radio communication base station with antenna, mobile station radio communications with an antenna, a telephone subscriber line, n portable mobile radio stations, a telephone system of a telephone exchange, wire lines and an operator workstation unit.

Known mobile node mobile communications provides the following modes of operation:

1) two-way voice and documentary exchange of information from the operator’s workplace in the parking lot and in motion along the channel of the satellite communication station with a group stream speed of up to 64 Kbps;

2) two-way data exchange by sending and receiving e-mail and fax messages in the parking lot and in traffic through the channels of the satellite communication station and navigation station with a group stream speed of up to 600 bit / s;

3) two-way exchange of information in the parking lot over wire communication lines through stations of the local communication network and the long-distance telephone network, as well as access to the public telephone network;

4) ultra-short-wave (VHF) radio communication with mobile subscribers in trunking mode in the network coverage area organized by the mobile radio communication base station, mobile radio communication station and portable mobile radio communication stations;

5) VHF radio communication in the mode of direct interpersonal radio access (conventional mode) using the means of trunked radio communication in the parking lot and on the move (official radio communication);

6) data exchange on channels and paths formed by a satellite communications station and a trunked radio communication base station;

7) control from a working operator of the technical means of a mobile mobile communication station and monitoring their condition, as well as the state of communication directions organized from the node.

The equipment of the indicated mobile mobile communications unit is located in an all-metal body on the chassis of a light-duty passenger car UAZ-3162.

The main disadvantages of the known mobile mobile communications node are the provision of a limited number of communication directions and insufficient bandwidth of communication networks organized using the means and communication systems available in its composition, since information is transmitted and data is exchanged in them at maximum speeds of up to 64 kbit / s, as well as low indicators of its mobility due to the low cross-country ability of the used transport base, which reduces the possibility of widespread use of such a communication center in ezdorozhya on communication networks of various ministries and departments.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the communication center, increasing the throughput of communication lines organized by it and the visibility of the presentation of information to consumers.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a mobile satellite communications node located in a box body mounted on a car chassis, containing a satellite communications station as part of an antenna system, a device for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver, channelization equipment, a control unit and a guidance system, switching unit, router, portable computer of the operator’s workstation (PC ARMO), small-sized printer, navigation station consisting of a transceiver, antenna and mobile data terminal, automatic channel switch, base station of trunked radio communication with an antenna, subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio station with antenna, subscriber telephone line, n portable mobile radio stations, telephone exchange of the telephone exchange, wire lines and workstation unit the operator, while the input-output of the antenna system is connected to the input-output of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver, the output of the intermediate frequency path of which is connected to the linear input of the channeling equipment, the linear output of which is connected to the input of the intermediate frequency of the transceiver, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the control input-output of the channeling equipment is connected to the first control input-output control unit, the second control input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the guidance system, the second input-output of which is connected connected to the control input-output of the antenna system, the first channel input-output of the channelization equipment of the satellite communication station is connected via telephone line to the first channel input-output of the switching unit, the second and third channel inputs and outputs of which are connected to ISDN and RS-232 joints respectively the second and third channel inputs and outputs of channelization equipment, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the ISDN and RS-232C interfaces of the router are connected to the fourth and fifth, respectively the sixth and seventh channel input-outputs of the switching unit, the eighth channel input-output of the switching unit at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver of the navigation station, the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna, and the input is connected to the second input-output of the transceiver - the output of the mobile data terminal, the ninth channel input-output of the switching unit is connected to the station input-output of the automatic channel switch, the first linear input-output of the switching unit at the RS-232 interface is connected from the first the input-output of a laptop computer of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO), the second, third, fourth and fifth linear inputs and outputs of the switching unit are connected respectively to the input-output of the telephone subscriber line, the linear input-output of the telephone exchange of the PBX system, and the input-outputs wired communication lines and linear input-output block of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the conversational devices of which is alternately, as necessary, connected to the corresponding input-output of a portable computer tera ARMO, a mobile data terminal of a navigation station, a subscriber (portable or portable) mobile radio station, the first and second channel inputs and outputs of the automatic channel commutator are connected respectively to the first and second inputs and outputs of the channels of the trunked radio communication base station, portable mobile radio stations are connected between yourself over the air through the antennas of the base station trunking radio or subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio stations automatically, as well as manually without an operator of the workstation unit, the second input-output of the ARMO operator’s laptop computer via RS-232 interface is connected to a small-sized printer, the second laptop computer installed on the dispatcher’s workstation (PC RMD) and designed to control the network status, the schedule of transmitted information and control of the organized mobile radio network, the input-output of the dispatcher’s portable computer at the RS-232 interface is connected to an additional station input-output of an automatic channel commutator, small-sized an ideocamera, a dynamic microphone and a telephone (speaker), which together with the operator’s workstation computer (PC ARMO) form a video conferencing system designed for video telephony communication between the operator of the mobile satellite communications node and remote subscribers located at the communicating communication nodes and a higher control center at disaster management and emergency situations, video recording unit and two remote mobile video cameras included in the video surveillance system IMS, designed to collect and transmit data on the situation from natural disasters and emergency situations, a broadband wireless access base station (BSB) connected via a high-frequency input-output with a transceiving antenna, two broadband wireless access subscriber stations (ASBD) , the high-frequency input-output of each of which is connected to its own transceiver antenna, the second subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio station designed to provide of radiotelephone communication with network subscribers through a mobile base station or for organizing a radiotelephone extension together with the first mobile radio subscriber station, in the latter case, the second subscriber station is installed on an automatic telephone exchange (PBX) or manual telephone exchange (RTS), moreover the channel input-output of the said second subscriber station of mobile radio communication is connected to the subscriber set or a set of trunk line of the specified PBX whether the RTS, the main and remote telephone sets of the local battery (MB) system, designed to organize telephone communication with a subscriber remote from the communication center via wired communication lines, while the input-output of a small-sized video camera of the video conferencing system through which video signals are transmitted and received is connected to an additional input / output of the aforementioned laptop computer of the operator’s workstation, the additional audio input and audio output of which are connected respectively to the microphone output and the telephone input (din MICA) video conferencing systems, the video input / output of the video recording unit of the video surveillance system is connected to the second additional input / output of the aforementioned laptop computer of the operator’s workstation, and the channel inputs and outputs of the video recording unit are connected to the channel inputs and outputs of the broadband wireless access base station connected via the radio interface with transceiving antennas of subscriber stations of broadband wireless access, to the channel input-output of each cat They have connected electrically portable mobile video cameras designed for video shooting in places of elimination of consequences of natural disasters and emergencies and transmitting video images to the video signal recording unit of the mobile satellite communications node, the linear input-output of the main telephone system of the MB system is connected to the tenth channel input-output of the switching unit , the other input-output of a wired communication line is connected to the linear input-output of an external telephone set of the MB system.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a mobile satellite communications node for multifunctional purposes with enhanced capabilities and increased throughput of communication lines organized by it, which provides for the creation of video conferencing and video surveillance systems, the organization of interfacing of various networks with each other and with the public switched telephone network, and the maintenance of established radiotelephone communication paths , transfer to central points and offices of data on the situation from the places of liquidation of consequences of natural disaster and emergency.

The claimed combination of elements and communications allows us to achieve this goal due to the original combination of instruments and devices used in public telephone networks, satellite and mobile communications networks, both in their direct and non-standard applications.

When studying well-known technical solutions in this technical field, the totality of features that distinguish the claimed object was not identified. The proposed solution is significantly different from the currently known ones.

The claimed solution explicitly does not follow from the prior art and has an inventive step.

The inventive mobile satellite communications node can be implemented using existing communication tools and equipment used on telecommunication networks and computer networks, and is industrially applicable. Tests of the manufactured sample of the proposed mobile satellite communications node showed that it is operational and ensures the achievement of the goal. Moreover, along with the operating modes provided by the prototype, the proposed satellite communications node additionally provides video telephony, video conferencing, data exchange from emergency situations and other information in real time. The speed of information exchange through the channels of a satellite communications station has been increased from 64 kbit / s to 256 kbit / s, that is, the throughput of the communication direction has increased several (up to four) times.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed mobile satellite communications node is distinguished by the presence of new units: a second laptop computer installed at the dispatcher’s workstation, a video conferencing system created using the existing laptop computer of the operator’s workstation and additionally introduced a small-sized video camera, dynamic microphone and telephone (dynamics), a video surveillance system that includes a video registration unit and two remote mobile video cameras for video recording and data transmission on the situation from natural disasters and emergencies, a broadband wireless access base station (BWA) with a transmitting and receiving antenna and two BWD subscriber stations with transmitting and receiving antennas, and a second mobile radio subscriber station with an antenna , the main and remote telephone sets of the MB system, designed to provide telephone communications over wire lines, as well as changing communications between In known circuit elements.

Thus, the claimed mobile satellite communications node meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty." Comparison of the proposed solution with other technical solutions shows that the units newly introduced into the proposed mobile satellite communications node are realizable, well-known to specialists in this field of technology and additional creativity, given the explanations below, for their reproduction is not required.

However, when they are introduced in this connection with the remaining elements of the circuit into the inventive mobile satellite communication node, the above blocks exhibit new properties, which include expanding the functionality, increasing the throughput of the communication directions organized by it, and the visibility of the delivery of information to consumers, achieved by providing control and monitoring capabilities the process of organizing in-house communication networks, video filming and transmission of television images from liquidation sites the consequences of emergencies, the visibility of the display of information delivery to consumers and transmission through the channels of established networks of voice messages, documentary information and the exchange of electronic correspondence between subscribers with an increased transmission rate in almost real time.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a mobile satellite communications node, figure 2, 3, 4 and 5 shows the structural diagrams respectively of the switching unit, a mobile video camera surveillance system and a base station variant of broadband wireless access.

The mobile satellite communications node (Fig. 1) contains a satellite communications station 1 as part of an antenna system 2, a device 3 for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver 4, channelization equipment 5, a control unit 6 and a guidance system 7, a switching unit 8, a router 9, portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO), small-sized printer 11, navigation station 12 consisting of a transceiver 13, antenna 14 and a mobile data terminal 15, an automatic switch 16 channels, a base station 17 trans ingovoy radiocommunication antenna 18, the subscriber (or transportable wearable) mobile radio station 19 to an antenna 20, subscriber line telephone 21, n portable stations 22 (January ₂₂ -22 _n) the mobile radio telephone 23, the PBX system wired communication line 24 , block 25 of the operator’s workstation, laptop 26 of the dispatcher’s workstation (PC RMD), small-sized video camera 27 of a video conferencing system, dynamic microphone 28 and a telephone (or speaker) 29 included in the video conferencing system, video recording system 30 alarm, base station 31, wireless broadband (BS BWA) from the transceiver antenna 32, a first 33 _one subscriber station broadband wireless access (AU BWA) from the transceiver antenna 34 ₁ and second 33 ₂ subscriber station broadband wireless access (AU BWA) from the transceiver antenna 34 ₂ , the first 35 ₁ and the second 35 ₂ remote mobile video cameras of the video surveillance system, the second 36 subscriber (portable or wearable) mobile radio communication station with transceiver antenna 37, main 38 and remote 39 lefonny devices of system of the local battery (MB).

The switching unit 8 (see FIG. 2) comprises a channel input unit 40, a switching field unit 41, a cord pair unit 42 and a line input unit 43.

The portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO) contains (see FIG. 3) a system unit 44 consisting of a motherboard 45 on which a microprocessor 46, a system bus 47 (bus), random access memory 48, a reprogrammable constant 49 are placed storage device and controller 50 keyboard, adapter 51 monitor, adapter 52 ports, controller 53 drives, controller 54 additional devices, modem 55, hard 56 magnetic disk, drive 57 for connecting a flexible magnetic disk, system 58 software and special application software 59 supplied on a hard disk drive 56 magnetic disk, and also contains a display 60 with a plasma screen, a standard keyboard 61, a video I / O card 62 and an audio I / O card 63.

Broadband wireless access base station 31 (Fig. 4) contains a database of 64 terminals and connections, first 65 and second 66 processors, a database 67 of a medium access control sublayer, a first modem 68, a first high frequency unit 69, a first antenna 70, a controller 71, terminal block 72 with terminal equipment, a second modem 73, a second high frequency block 74, and a second antenna 75.

The portable mobile video camera 35 of the video surveillance system (FIG. 5) comprises a lens 76, a CCD matrix 77, a control signal generation unit 78 of the CCD matrix 77, a video signal amplification and processing unit 79 of the CCD matrix, an automatic exposure adjustment unit 80 including a photodiode 81, electronic key 82, integrator 83 and microprocessor 84.

In the satellite communication station 1, the input-output of the antenna system 2 is connected to the input-output of the separation device 3 of the reception and transmission paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4, the output of the intermediate frequency path of which is connected to the linear input of the channelization equipment 5, the linear output of which connected to the input of the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver 4, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the separation device 3 of the transmission and reception paths, the control input-output ap channelization parameters 5 are connected to the first control input-output of the control unit 6. The second control input-output of the control unit 6 is connected to the first input-output of the guidance system 7, the second input-output of which is connected to the control input-output of the antenna system 2. The first channel input - the output of telephone switching unit 8 is connected to the first channel input-output of channelization equipment 5, the second and third channel inputs and outputs of which are connected to ISDN and RS-232, respectively, to the second and third channels nym inputs-outputs of the switching unit 8. The first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the ISDN and RS-232C interfaces of router 9 are connected to the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh channel inputs and outputs of switching unit 8, respectively. The eighth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver 13 of the navigation station 12. The high-frequency part of the transceiver 13 is connected to the antenna 14, and the input-output of the mobile data terminal 15 is connected to the second input-output of the transceiver 13. The ninth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 is connected to the station input-output of an automatic switch 16 channels, the first, second, third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs and outputs of the channels of the base station 17 radio trunking , the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna 18. The first linear input-output of the switching unit 8 is connected to the first input-output of the portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation with zhnosti switching of the computer input-output 10 to the input-output router 9 to RS-232 joint. A small-sized printer 11 is connected to the port of the laptop computer 10 of the operator’s workstation. The second, third, fourth and fifth linear inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8 are connected respectively to the input-output of the telephone line 21 of the telephone communication, the linear input-output of the telephone system 23 of the telephone exchange, inputs - the outputs of the wire lines 24 of the communication and the linear input-output of the block 25 of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the colloquial devices of which is alternately, as necessary (when establishing communication, making and receiving a call, managing negotiating channels and communication lines), connects to the corresponding input / output of a portable computer 10 of the operator’s workstation, mobile data terminal 15 of the navigation station 12 and the mobile radio subscriber station 19 with the antenna 20. Each of the n portable mobile radio stations 22 are interconnected broadcast through the transceiver antenna 18 of the base station 17 or the transceiver antennas 20 and 37 of the subscriber stations 19 and 36 of the mobile radio, automatically, as well as manually through the operator of the unit 25 of the workplace, channel the output input-output of the first mobile radio subscriber station 19 is connected to the input-output of the telephone subscriber line 21 to provide the telephone station subscribers with access to the mobile network, and the channel input-output of the second mobile radio subscriber station 36 when it is removed and installed at the station ATS or manual service stations (RTS), connected to a set of subscriber or trunk lines of said stations of ATS or RTS. The linear input-output of the main telephone set 38 of the MB system is connected to the tenth channel input-output of the switching unit 8, and the input-output of the other end of the wire lines 24 is connected to the linear input-output of the external telephone set 39 of the MB system.

The first and second additional inputs and outputs of the portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation (ARMO PC) are connected respectively to the inputs and outputs of the small-sized video camera 27 and the video signal recording unit 30, the second input-output of which is connected to the channel input-output of the broadband wireless access base station 31 the transceiver antenna 32 of which is connected via a radio interface with the first 34 ₁ and second 34 ₂ antennas of the first 33 ₁ and second 33 ₂ subscriber stations of broadband wireless access. The channel input-output of the first subscriber station 33 _{1 of} broadband wireless access is connected to the input-output of the first 35 ₁ mobile video camera, and the channel input-output of the second subscriber station 33 _{2 of} broadband wireless access is connected to the input-output of the second 35 ₂ mobile video camera. The input-output of the laptop computer 26 of the dispatcher’s workstation is connected at the RS-232 interface to an additional station input-output of an automatic 16-channel switch.

Connected to the switching unit 8, the channel inputs / outputs of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1, router 9, transceiver 13 of the navigation station 12, automatic switch 17 channels and linear inputs and outputs of the main telephone set 38 of the MB system from the station side of the channel input unit 40 are connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the channel side of the switching field unit 41, which are connected to the corresponding switching sockets by means of cord pairs of the block 42 cord on the other side of the switching field unit 41, which are connected to the station inputs / outputs of the line input unit 43, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth line inputs / outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input / output of the portable computer 10 of the operator’s workstation, the input the output of the subscriber line 21 of the telephone line, the linear input-output of the telephone set 23 of the PBX system, the inputs / outputs of the wired 24 communication lines and the input-output of the unit 25 of the workstation, while the first, second, third, fourth, fifth the sixth, seventh, seventh, eighth and tenth inputs and outputs of the channel input unit 40 are the corresponding channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth linear inputs and outputs of which are first, second, third, the fourth and fifth inputs and outputs of the block 43 input lines.

The inputs and outputs of the microprocessor 46 of the system unit 44 of the portable computer 10 of the operator’s workstation through the system line 47 are connected respectively to the first inputs and outputs of the operational 48 memory device, reprogrammable permanent 49 memory device, keyboard controller 50, monitor adapter 51, adapter 52 ports, controller 53 disks and a controller 54 additional devices, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the modem 55. The second inputs and outputs of the adapter 51 monitors at the RS-232 interface are connected to the inputs and outputs of the display 60 with a plasma screen, and the second inputs and outputs of the 52 port adapter are connected at the RS-232 interface to the inputs and outputs of a small-sized printer 11. System 57 software and special application software 58 delivered on a hard disk drive 56 magnetic disk. The second inputs and outputs of the controller 53 drives are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the hard magnetic disk 56 (hard drive) and the drive 59 for connecting a flexible magnetic disk, and the inputs and outputs of the standard keyboard 61 are connected to the second inputs and outputs of the controller 50 of the keyboard, the third and fourth inputs - the outputs of the controller 54 additional devices are connected respectively to the inputs and outputs of the video input / output board 62 and the audio signal input / output board 63 additionally input to the system unit 44, to the audio input the audio output of which is connected respectively to the output of the dynamic microphone 28 and the input of the telephone (speaker) 29, while the second and third inputs and outputs of the I / O board of the video signals 62 are the first and second additional inputs and outputs of the portable computer 10, to which the inputs and outputs of respectively small-sized are connected camcorders 27 and block 30 recording video signals.

The broadband wireless access base station 31 comprises a first processor 65, a second processor 66, and a terminal and connection database 64 connected in a bi-directional manner by a bi-directional bus, a first high-frequency unit 69 and a first modem 68, whose second input / output group is connected by a bi-directional bus to the third group of inputs and outputs of the second processor 66, as well as the first antenna 70 connected to a single input-output of the first high-frequency block 69, and a database 67 a media access control ramp, the input-output group of which is connected by a bi-directional bus to the fourth input-output group of the second processor 66, the single output of which is connected to the input of the controller 71, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the single inputs of the first 69 and second 74 high units frequency. The second input-output of the first processor 65 by a bi-directional bus is connected to the input-output of the terminal block 72 with terminal equipment, and the fifth group of inputs and outputs of the second processor 66 is connected to the first group of inputs and outputs of the second modem 73, the second group of inputs and outputs of which is connected by a bi-directional bus with a group of inputs and outputs of the second high-frequency unit 74 connected to the second antenna 75.

The lens 76 of the remote mobile video camera 35 is optically coupled to a CCD matrix 77 and a photodiode 81 of the automatic exposure control unit 80, the inputs of the CCD matrix 77 are electrically connected to the control outputs of the control signal generation unit 78 of the CCD matrix, the output of the CCD matrix 77 is electrically connected to the first the input of the amplification and processing unit 79 of the video signal of the CCD matrix, the output of which is the output of the video signal, the output of the photodiode 80 is electrically connected to the input of the electronic key 82, the output of which is electrically connected to the input and integrator 83, whose output is electrically connected to the first input of the microprocessor 84.

The first output of the microprocessor 84 is electrically connected to the electronic key 82, the second output of the microprocessor 84 is electrically connected to the control input of the generating unit 78 of the control signals of the CCD matrix 77, and the synchronization output of the generating unit 78 of the control signals of the CCD matrix 77 is electrically connected to the synchronization input of the CCD matrix 77, the third output of which is electrically connected to the second input of the amplification and processing unit 79 of the video signal of the CCD matrix 77.

As satellite communication station 1, a satellite communication earth station with an operating range of 14/11 GHz can be used, which has an interface protocol with IP channeling equipment, a 10/100 Base-T interface or a Globalstar Qualcomm GCK1410 car kit, block diagram and technical capabilities which are described in [3].

The structure of the antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1 includes a reflector with an irradiating system, an antenna-waveguide path (AVT), a slewing ring with an electric power drive and guidance equipment (system). The antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1 is connected to high-frequency circuits of the device 3 for separating the transmission and reception paths of the satellite communication station 1. It is intended for receiving from the air and broadcasting the high-frequency signals formed by the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station 1.

The device 3 separation of the transmission and reception paths is designed to separate the high-frequency radio signals coming from the antenna system 2 and transmit them to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4, as well as to receive high-frequency signals from the output of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4 and transmit them to the input of the antenna system 2 for radiation to ether.

Various embodiments of the transceiver 4 are possible. One of the transceiver 4 options includes a low-noise amplifier, a frequency converter and a demodulator in the receiving part, and the transmitting part of the transceiver 4 includes a modulator, a transmission frequency converter and a power amplifier [3].

The receiving part of the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station 1 carries out preliminary amplification of the received microwave signal, converting it to an intermediate frequency (usually 70 MHz) for subsequent processing in the demodulator, and the transmitting part is designed to generate the microwave signal with the given parameters and its amplification to the required level. In this case, an intermediate frequency signal (usually 70 MHz) is formed in the modulator, modulated in frequency by the image and sound signals. To suppress unwanted combined components in the transceiver provides a double frequency conversion and operational tuning in the frequency band.

The channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1 is intended for converting information signals arriving at the station from the terrestrial network, as well as signaling information from the access control and signaling equipment, into signals of information exchange protocols adopted in this system and converting them into intermediate frequency radio signals. In the receiving path, the inverse transformation occurs.

The channelization equipment 5 may include linear equipment and a terminal equipment unit, including a digital channel processing path, a telephone channel unit, and a data transmission unit. A typical digital signal processing path consists of a modem and a computerized digital control device, as well as a speech codec. The terminal equipment block provides an interface for remote monitoring and control and an analog interface with the necessary types of user terminal equipment for transmitting voice information, fax or telex signals. The speech codec provides the conversion of an analog telephone signal into digital form during transmission and the reverse conversion at reception. The most common conversion option is adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM) at 32 kbps in accordance with ITU-R G.721 recommendations. In addition to voice information, service signaling signals transmitted via the subscriber telephone interface when establishing a connection are also converted into digital form. The considered set of station equipment provides for the organization of a duplex telephone channel provided in fixed mode or on demand. The user interface is implemented in a 2-wire subscriber version or in a 4-wire E&M type, designed for direct connection of a telephone or a private telephone exchange [3, 5].

Although the conversion described in CCITT G.728 recommendations is primarily focused on voice transmission, it also provides fax transmission at a speed of 1200 bps.

The data transmission unit of the channelization equipment 5 is equipped with a digital modem and a digital interface device with terminal data transmission equipment (OOD), which is used by the consumer. The interface device provides electrical and physical communication between the satellite communication station 1 and external data terminal equipment (ADF). For user convenience, the interface device is equipped with several data input-output ports and provides compatibility with various protocols. In most cases, three main types of interfaces are implemented in software or hardware: RS-449/422, V.35, RS-232. Most often in satellite data transmission networks, X.25, SNA / SDLC, TCP / IP data exchange protocols are used.

In the equipment 5 channel formation due to the installation of additional interface equipment are also implemented data exchange protocols with the connection of the station to the local computer network.

The channelization equipment 5, taking into account the above equipment, provides densification and decompression of the high-frequency path formed by the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver 4 of satellite communication station 1, channel formation and the formation of standard interfaces via telephone and fax interfaces, along ISDN and RS-232 interfaces with their subsequent transfer to the corresponding channel inputs and outputs of block 8 switching.

The control unit 6 is designed to ensure the interconnected operation of the elements of the satellite communication station 1, the establishment of operating modes, information transfer rates and verification of its operability.

The guidance system 7 is designed to control the antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1 according to the signals received from the navigation station 12, and to adjust the angle of the antenna depending on the location of the mobile mobile communications node on the ground. As a guidance system, an automatic pointing device to the geostationary artificial Earth satellite DirecStar 980 can be used.

Satellite communications station 1 fully supports IPDS (Inmarsat Packet Data Service) mode. Working in this mode, the user does not pay for the connection time, but the amount of information actually transferred, which significantly reduces the cost of communication.

To enable the station 1 satellite communications in motion, a special antenna is used to track the station's orientation to the satellite when it is in motion.

The switching unit 8 is intended for receiving and operational switching, monitoring and operational verification of the included channels and communication lines.

The circuit-constructive implementation of such a block can be performed by technical solutions for a switching block, the block diagram and technical capabilities of which are described in [6].

Router 9 contains a set of network modules, such as the Cisco series, which are used as routers / access servers and single platforms with built-in fiber-optic modems and modems such as HDSL. Such routers can work both with each other and as a response device for DXC multifunction access nodes. Such a router makes it possible to provide not only standard services traditional for routers of this class, but also new ones associated with packet telephony and the “intelligent services” system. The router includes a base unit with a control module, main channel modules and input-output modules.

Each of the modules provides the formation of digital communication and control channels, interfaces for interfacing with external equipment.

The router's support for network modules, as well as VIC voice cards and HDV back-end voice modules (Digital Voice and Fax Packet Voice Trunk), makes it possible to provide not only standard services traditional for routers of this class, but also new ones related to packet telephony and the system “Intelligent services”.

As a laptop computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO) and laptop 26 of the dispatcher’s workstation (PC RMD), portable computers such as the Toshiba laptop can be used. Such computers contain a system unit consisting of an Intel-type central processor, a system bus, electronic memory modules of a random access memory and a programmable read-only memory, a standard keyboard, a plasma screen display, system software and special application software (software) supplied on a hard disk drive. One of the functions of open source software is the generation of files for the modem built into the system unit. The STR also includes an SNMP manager, through the protocol of which the equipment is controlled and diagnosed. The software is designed for the Windows NT operating system and includes a utility for generating configuration files for the modem. Exchange of electronic correspondence via communication channels is carried out using the well-known mail program Internet Mail and the corresponding files in the form of a standard protocol for the RS-232 modem interface with transmission rates from 1200 to 9600 bit / s.

These computers are designed to transmit (receive) data and voice information over communication channels using standard protocols for the exchange of data and voice information TAPI or in accordance with the EIA RS-232-C standard.

Small-sized printer 11 is designed for printing received messages on the communication channel. As such a printer, a Toshiba printer can be used.

As a navigation station 12, an Inmarsat-S satellite mobile communications station may be used, including a TT-3022C or TT-3026L type transceiver 13, a Simaq or TT-3606C Logiq MDA type mobile data terminal 15.

The compact transceiver 13 of the TT-3022C type LandMobile Capsat Transceiver of the navigation station 12 allows you to quickly and with high degree of reliability send and receive faxes, data both to subscribers of public networks and to other stations of the Capsat system. The transceiver complies with the INMARSAT (CN114) and IEC 1097-4 / IEC 945 specifications.

The antenna 14 of the navigation station 12 is an Inmarsat-C / GPS standard omnidirectional antenna.

Station 12 navigation of the specified composition allows you to organize the exchange of data, as well as send and receive fax messages. It is characterized by high reliability, compactness and fast transfer of information between subscribers, determining the coordinates of the location of objects. It provides the ability to send data at certain time intervals or the coordinates of the location of moving objects controlled from control centers or offices.

The station has a function of "sleep" mode (activated during breaks between sending messages or determining coordinates), which allows to reduce its energy consumption and increase the duration of the mobile station’s work in stand-alone mode, that is, without using an external power source.

Stations of the Inmarsat-C system are designed for installation in light moving objects and ensure the transmission of data and telex in two directions at a low speed. A number of subscriber station standards have been developed for such stations, used for various types of mobile service. All stations of this type are equipped with receivers of the GPS navigation system, allowing to determine the geographical coordinates of the position of the object.

In addition, the navigation station 12 contains software guidance equipment, which is a specialized computer, constantly calculating the spatial position of the satellite from the initial parameters of its orbit and transmitting data to the mobile terminal 16.

The navigation station 12 is equipped with a compact omnidirectional antenna 14, which is used by the GPS receiver, which is part of the navigation station 12. A transceiver 13 is connected to a mobile data terminal 15. Navigation station 12 is compatible with a specialized program such as the Capsat Manager Program for tracking the location of an object. This Capsat Manager Program shows the location of an object on a map.

The optional GPS module (GPS receiver) of station 12 updates the receiver data in a short time, for example, in 1 s, while the module provides an accuracy in determining the coordinates of a location of 15 m and an accuracy in determining the speed of 0.2 m / s.

In the navigation station 12 for connecting an external user, there is a parallel RS-410 connector, a 4-bit open collector with input-output, and a 2-bit input.

An automatic 16-channel switch is a block in which a central processor (MPC-450), a node processor (KRA-450), and several interface modules (LIA-450) for connecting trunk lines or joints with a telephone network are located.

Using LIA-type interface modules, transceivers and terminals can also be connected.

Access to the public telephone network and departmental telephone exchanges is possible through PIA modules. The ability to connect to the ISDN network is provided using the PID module.

The trunked radio communication base station 17 is built on the same type of modules and includes a transceiver with a transceiver and a receiving antenna, a controller based on a PC platform and several portable radio stations that act as subscriber terminals, designed to organize a radio communication network with specialists located directly in liquidation sites natural disaster consequences. These specialists, using the portable radio stations 22 available in them, can remotely access the channels of the mobile base station 17 and then transmit voice information and data on the state of the disaster from the scene. As the base station trunking radio communication can be used radio station type ND-953. For operation of the base station 17, a standard frequency range of 410-430, 440-460 MHz is used.

As such a station 17, the base station of the Tetra Flex professional radiotelephone communication system can also be used, designed to quickly deploy small technological systems of the TETRA standard.

The Tetra Flex system includes one BS421 base station, which provides the basic functions of the TETRA standard and uses IP technology. The fundamental characteristics of the Tetra Flex system are its connection via IP architecture and the use of voice over IP (VOIP).

The user program interface (API) allows for easy access to the basic functionality of TETRA, without delving into deep knowledge of the standard protocols.

The standard equipment of Tetra Flex includes one BS421 base station per carrier (four communication channels) and can be expanded to two carriers (eight communication channels) by connecting a second BS421 base station. The system is supplied in standard ranges of the TETRA standard, and can also be supplied in other ranges upon request.

The new TETRA standard system (with the stations mounted on the antenna mast) for small groups of users brings TETRA digital technology to the business with minimal investment and resources.

As subscriber stations 19 with an antenna 20 and 36 with an antenna 37 of a mobile radio communication, radio stations of the GM-1280 type can be used. A station of this type contains a four-line alphanumeric display, a keypad for dialing telephone numbers on the front panel, and an integrated digital tape recorder. The station has a programmable frequency grid, dynamic regrouping and operational change of the radio station’s membership in the group of stations, an answering machine and provides the ability to transmit data, send and receive call signals, store in the memory a list of frequently used numbers and the “Call in absence” list. Advanced signaling capabilities and other functionalities make this radio station suitable for use in communication systems of any complexity.

Subscriber telephone line 21 can be performed using field telephone cable type P-274M.

As portable stations 22 of mobile radio communications, wearable stations of land mobile radio communications GP 680 can be used. This type of station is unique in its multifunctionality. If you need to add or exclude certain functions of a radio station, you can program it using the function keyboard. The station has a 14-digit alphanumeric display with a battery discharge indicator, a radio signal intensity indicator and displaying various types of calls and caller names for incoming calls.

The station is easy to operate, has a quick call by dialing with the click of a button, a simple menu and an alphanumeric notebook with a list of contact numbers, which greatly simplifies working with it. The presence of dynamic rearrangement allows you to change the affiliation of radio stations to the talk group over the air, as well as enter group identifiers in an accessible alphanumeric form.

The call signal “in the absence” of the radio station stores the identifier of incoming calls, status and voice messages received during the absence of the subscriber, and reminds him of messages to which he did not answer.

The full frequency range of VHF / UHF (UHF / VHF) and a programmable grid of frequencies provides flexibility in the deployment of the system.

As such stations, the well-known VHF radio station of the R-169 VM range and portable R-169 P-1 radio stations from the R-169 technical equipment complex, the composition and technical capabilities of which are described in [2], can also be used.

The telephone 23 is designed to exit through subscriber and trunk lines to local networks and long-distance telephone networks connected to 24 wired communication lines. It provides automatic dialing of subscribers and conducting telephone communications via subscriber and trunk lines to PBX stations of the local network or via communication channels formed by satellite communication station 1, as well as access to manual service stations of the public telephone network. As such devices can be used telephone sets of domestic production type TA-72, telephone sets of foreign production type Standard 100E. For access to the automatic telephone communication network, any telephone exchange of a telephone exchange system with pulse or tone dialing of a subscriber number, for example, domestic-made TA-72 or a foreign Panasonic KX-TS 2363 telephone, can be used as an apparatus 23. Wired communication lines 24 can be implemented using field telephone cable type P-274M.

The interfacing of a satellite communications station (SS) with a local public landline telephone network is possible both on a subscriber and trunk line. In the first case, the SS station acts as one of the subscribers to such a network, so consumers who want to use satellite communications must call the SS through the appropriate telephone exchange and, after the connection is established, transmit to it the data necessary for organizing the channel through the satellite and then over the land network to the called party.

A trunk line is a communication line through which individual telephone exchanges communicate. Coupling along the trunk means that the SS station acts as one of the switching nodes of the local terrestrial network, being, as it were, one of the exchanges of this network. For subscriber line connection, CCITT recommendations provide for an interface of type Z (Q.512). This interface also provides a two- or four-wire connection to the CC station of an external telephone or fax machine. Trunk pairing is in accordance with CCITT Q.511. An analog version of such an interface (type C) and digital (type A) are provided. For digital interfacing with a speed of 2048 kbit / s, the satellite communication station 1 contains a demultiplexer for time separation of the received group stream in order to allocate the synchronization channel and the necessary information channels, as well as a multiplexer for organizing the group stream towards the terrestrial network. The electrical characteristics of the digital interfaces satisfy the recommendations of CCITT G.703 [4].

Block 25 of the operator’s workstation is intended for connecting terminal devices to subscriber and connecting lines and communication channels of switching unit 8, making and receiving calls on them, negotiating an established communication path, and also servicing a laptop 10 and navigation station 12. Block 25 of the operator’s workplace contains intercoms as part of a handset or handheld microphone with a transmission amplifier and a speaker with a reception amplifier, call devices as part of a generator and call receivers.

As a small-sized video camera 27, a compact D-Link DSB-C320 webcam can be used. It easily attaches to the frame of the laptop screen with a plastic latch. The lens rotates relative to the mount only in the horizontal plane. On the back of the case is a USB connector. The software utility ArcSoftWebCam Corporation, which has a user-friendly interface with a minimum number of functions and settings. Of the features of a video camera, it should be noted its ability to directly launch such well-known video chats as AOL, Yahoo Messenqer, MSN messenqer directly from the program. Despite the fact that the camera only supports the USB 1.1 interface, it provides a fairly high image quality: a clear, almost non-pixelated picture, brightness adjustment for ambient lighting quickly works, high image refresh rate, large depth of field (the last parameter is adjusted manually using a special rings). For video conferencing, this camera is quite suitable, since it has a standard set of functions and decent image quality. There is a function for taking photos using the button on the top of the case. When the camera is running, the button is highlighted with a blue LED. (PC World. Magazine for users of personal computers. No. 3, 2007, p. 42).

As a small-sized video camera 27 of the video conferencing system, a pinhole color square video camera of the GALFORT type TSC-35 can also be used (p. 42 “Security systems” CCTV-2004). This is a supercompact video camera with a miniature lens. It has the following characteristics: PAL video signal, 1/4 CCD matrix, 1 Vp-p video signal output, 75 Ohm, 12 V (DC) power supply, power consumption <1.1 W, dimensions 35 × 35 mm.

The registration unit 30 of the video signals of the video surveillance system is designed to receive, convert and store data from portable mobile cameras 35 through the channels of subscriber stations 33 and the base station 31 of broadband wireless access, as well as to transfer the available data to a laptop computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation and issue through it, at the request or request of a higher control center for the elimination of the consequences of natural disasters and emergencies through the channels of station 1 connection-twinned.

The registration unit 30 of the video conferencing system contains an input / output unit for video signals, an input / output unit for audio signals, a network interface unit, a multiplexer-demultiplexer, a video encoder-decoder, a delay circuit, a telematics device, and a multifunctional unit for controlling operation and data transmission modes. It provides viewing and recording images at a certain speed, has several video outputs such as BNC, VGA and S-video.

A base station 31 with a transceiver antenna 32 and subscriber stations 33 (with transceiver antennas 34) of broadband wireless access, together with external mobile video cameras 35 and a video signal recording unit 30, are designed to organize a wireless video signal transmission system including video data of liquidation sites, via satellite station channels liaison 1 to the emergency management center.

To ensure the pairing of the wireless video signal transmission system of the external digital video camera 35 with the channels of the satellite communications network, the media gateway included in the registration unit 30, which is a signal conversion device, is used. As the mentioned gateway can be used a gateway company ITS-E (Internet Telephony Server-E).

This is a Windows NT server-based solution for voice and fax over IP networks using voice compression software developed by Bell Labs. The ITS-E communicates with the PBX via the T1 / E1 Tie Line interface or an analog telephone line interface. From the side of the IP network, ITS-E is connected via the standard Ethernet 10/100 Base T. ITS-E allows you to establish communication between two telephone or fax machines, as well as between the phone and the programs on the PC for Voice over IP based on H.323, e.g. with Microsoft NetMeeting.

As a recording unit for 30 video signals, any of the NetSafe DVR 1000 Liqht series DVRs or Vlnet-2004 video recorder (Security Systems. CCTV-2004, p. 73-75) can be used.

NetSafe DVR 1000 Series 1000 Liqht 1004/1008/1016 DVRs are designed to provide video surveillance and digital video recording in medium complexity systems. They provide: triplex, a russified menu, connection to a local network and the Internet, image transfer to a given workstation, incorporate the Windows 2000 Professional operating system, a network interface. Features: a series of devices with 4/8/16 video inputs, two video outputs (VGA and BNC by default), expansion to 4 TV outputs (except DVR 1004), two audio inputs with expandability, installation of up to 9 additional HDDs (for DVR 1004- 2 HDD). Provides viewing video from remote workstations over the network and through Internet Explorer. Using software (software) NDMS (network management software for DVRs).

As a portable mobile video camera 35 can be used any of domestic or foreign industry, including a digital video camera such as AG-DVC30 or digital video camera Sony DCR-DVD106E. The Sony DCR-DVD106E camcorder provides DVD recording, has a Carl Zeiss lens, a matrix of 80,000 pixels, a 2.5-inch touchscreen LCD, optical / digital 40x / 2000x zoom and an MS Duo memory card slot.

As the base station 31 and subscriber stations 33 of broadband wireless access can be used stations of the DECT system.

The DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication) standard is based on the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). This standard describes radio technologies for wireless communications in the range of 1880-1900 MHz.

One of the main problems of service quality management at the next stage of network development will be the introduction of IP (Voice over IP, VoIP) voice transmission services in mobile networks. Today, mobile operators are introducing on their networks special equipment - media gateways and MSC (Mobile Switching Center) servers - necessary for the provision of VoIP services.

The radio interface of DECT systems is based on the MC / TDMA / TDD method (Multi Carrier / Time Division Multiple Access / Time Division Duplex - “multiple carriers”, “multiple access with time multiplexing”, “time division duplex”). DECT uses 10 carrier frequencies in the range of 1880-1900 MHz. The timeline is divided into frames, each lasting 10 ms. In turn, each frame is divided into 24 individual time slots. To organize the basic voice service in DECT, two time slots of 5 ms between them are required; these time slots are paired to organize a full-duplex channel (receive / transmit) at 32 kbps (with ADPCM G.726 encoding). Thus, the maximum number of channels in the DECT standard is 120 (10 carriers × 12 pairs of time slots).

DECT standard radio access systems (SARD), for example, from Goodwin Borodino, allow you to organize a connection at a speed of 64 kbit / s with the possibility of its further increase to 576 kbit / s (Mobile Telecommunications Magazine, No. 2, p.5- 9 appendices to the journal, 2007).

The Goodwin Borodino system includes:

base stations with bandpass filters of traditional DECT technology - 12-channel BS6-E1, providing data transfer rates up to 384 kbit / s and 4-channel BC7-Upn;

BS9-ETN 12-channel base stations with band-pass filters of the promising broadband technology DECT NG, providing a maximum data rate of 2304 kbit / s;

base station controllers with 4 to 32 E1 streams with V5.2 and EDSSI signaling for TDM networks and an Ethernet interface with SIP signaling support for NGN networks. The controller software running on Linux makes it possible to remotely control the system over the Internet;

clusters of base stations with E1 or Upn interfaces, connected to NGN networks and controlling base stations - 12-channel BS6-E1 (up to three pieces) or 4-channel BC7-Upn (up to eight);

base station multiplexers with E1 / ETN or Upn interfaces, connected to a TDM network and controlling 12-channel BS6-E1 (up to three) and 12-channel BS9-ETN (up to two) or 4-channel BC7-Upn (up to 16 );

“Goodwin Tarusa-S8” and “Goodwin Tarusa-SVD” terminal subscriber radio blocks (TARBs), providing connection of telephones, payphones with a universal telephone card and computers to the Internet at a speed of 32-128 kbit / s at a distance of up to 5 km without correction and up to 15 km with distance correction;

promising broadband Goodwin Tarusa-S9ETN, providing data transfer rates from 96 to 576 kbit / s.

However, the reduction in operating costs while increasing the reliability of communication can be achieved by integrating DECT radio technology and IP-telephony into the subscriber access system. The composition of such a system includes:

12-channel BS6-E1 stations;

a subscriber hub that allows you to connect from 20 to 100 subscribers using the V5.2 protocol;

a base station controller controlling base stations and a subscriber concentrator;

IP routers based on optical lines (up to 100 Mbit / s), G.SHDSL copper lines (up to 6 Mbit / s), VSAT satellite channels (up to 2 Mbit / s);

IP DSLAM ADSL Hub

TARB "Goodwin Tarusa-S8", "Goodwin Tarusa-S8D".

The DECT subscriber unit has a standard two-wire interface for connecting to a telephone, fax, speakerphone, cordless telephone and modem. It also provides direct (without modem) connection of a standard personal computer to the Internet via the Ethernet interface. The system provides both voice and data transmission. The subscriber unit is connected to the access center over the air. The voice schedule and data transmitted from and to the subscriber can be concentrated in the access center, and then transferred to any appropriate telecommunication transport network to the PSTN and the Internet. In the access center, telephone and Internet traffic are separated. The telephone schedule goes to the telephone network via E1 channels using access protocol V5.2. IP traffic from multiple subscribers is statically multiplexed, taking advantage of packet data, and brought to the Internet.

The DECT radio access system uses an architecture that allows the subscriber to provide telephone communications and Internet services as follows: the subscriber equipment (terminal subscriber radio unit with an Internet port - FRS-IP - or just a subscriber radio unit FRS) is connected via a radio interface through a base station (Compact Base Station - BSC) to the Base Station Controller (BSC). The BSC switches voice traffic to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) using the V5.2 protocol to connect to the PBX. A batch schedule is sent via the Remote Access Switch (RAS) to the Internet. The RAS server is equipped with an Ethernet interface and sends data to the Internet using any appropriate routing device. CBS base stations are usually connected to the BSC by three twisted pairs, through which information is transmitted and powered by the BSC. In addition, CBS can be connected to the BSC through a BSD (Base Station Distributor). BSD is a remote unit that connects to the BSC using the standard E1 interface (via radio, optical fiber or copper).

FRS-IP or FRS terminal devices, at a considerable distance, can communicate with the base station using a special two-span DECT radio link. Moreover, the range of reliable reception can reach 10 km in conditions of direct visibility, and the distance between CBS and the remote base station (RBS - Relay Base Station) - up to 25 km in conditions of direct visibility, which makes it possible to provide communication services to subscribers located at a distance of 35 km from the base station.

FRS-200 is a subscriber device, which is a full-fledged telephone that supports functions such as a phone book, caller ID, call cost accounting, SMS, chat, E-mail and 10 BaseT port (for connecting a PC).

As the main 38 and remote 39 telephone sets of the local battery system, MB-type telephone sets of the TA-88 type can be used.

To accommodate the equipment and equipment of the proposed mobile satellite communications node, an all-metal box body mounted on the chassis of a four-wheel drive all-terrain vehicle URAL-375, commercially available, can be used. At the same time, the used van body can be divided into two compartments: the front compartment with a side door to enter it and the rear compartment with an equipped entrance door, the operator’s automated workstation (ARMO) and the dispatcher’s workstation (RMD) are equipped in the front compartment, and it also houses the main equipment and equipment of the communication center, remote communications are located in the rear compartment, the antenna system 2 satellite communications stations 1, antennas 14, 18 and 32 navigation stations 12, the base station 17 trunks are located on the roof of the box body radio and base station 31 broadband wireless access, respectively.

The mobile satellite communications node (ICSS) operates as follows. ICSS with the help of the available equipment and equipment provides the main types of communication and operating modes, including the exchange of data, voice, documentary and video information. At the same time, the ICSS provides:

a) using a satellite communications station:

1) the organization of a satellite direction of communication with an interacting node for the exchange of information via IP protocol and the 10/100 Base-T interface with a forward channel transmission rate of up to 2048 kbit / s, and up to 256 kbit / s on the reverse channel;

2) access to the corporate network;

3) access to the public network;

4) access to the Internet;

b) using a TETRA mobile communication system:

1) access to the corporate network;

2) access to the public network;

3) access to the Internet;

4) organization of the DMO exchange mode for TETRA subscriber stations;

5) the exchange of voice messages between the ICSS and a remote dispatcher located at a higher control point or at an interacting communication center;

6) data exchange between the ICSS and the remote dispatcher;

7) the exchange of video information between the ICSS and the remote dispatcher;

8) transmission of the ICSS location coordinates to the remote dispatcher;

9) the organization of communication between subscribers of the TETRA network;

10) the TETRA subscriber’s access to the public telephone network through the satellite station MUSS;

11) voice messaging between TETRA subscribers and the remote dispatcher through the satellite station MUSS;

12) telemetry transmission from a TETRA network subscriber to a remote dispatcher through the MUSS satellite communication station;

13) access to the corporate network, the public network and to the Internet using a broadband wireless radio access system in a given frequency range;

c) using a video surveillance system:

1) the organization of video surveillance at a distance of up to 200 m in the radio coverage area;

2) wireless transmission of black and white images from a mobile video camera;

3) infrared illumination with a mobile video camera;

4) integration of a video surveillance system with a video conferencing system based on an ARMO laptop;

5) local recording of the image received from the video surveillance system;

d) using a video conferencing system:

1) the organization of video conferencing from a workplace equipped in the hardware compartment of the ICSS;

2) integration of a video conferencing system with a video surveillance system based on a laptop computer of an operator’s automated workstation (ARMO).

In addition to the listed types and operating modes, the ICSS provides:

1) two-way voice and documentary exchange of information from the operator’s workplace in the parking lot and in motion along the channel of the satellite communication station with a group stream speed of up to 2048 Kbps;

2) two-way data exchange by sending and receiving e-mail and fax messages in the parking lot and in traffic through the channels of the satellite communication station and navigation station with a group stream speed of up to 600 bit / s;

3) two-way exchange of information in the parking lot over wire communication lines through stations of the local communication network and the long-distance telephone network, as well as access to the public telephone network;

4) ultra-short-wave (VHF) radio communication with mobile subscribers in trunking mode in the network coverage area organized by the mobile radio communication base station, mobile radio communication station and portable mobile radio communication stations;

5) VHF radio communication in the mode of direct interpersonal radio access (conventional mode) using the means of trunked radio communication in the parking lot and on the move (official radio communication);

6) data exchange on channels and paths formed by a satellite communications station and a trunked radio communication base station;

7) control from a laptop computer 10 of an automated work operator and a laptop computer 26 of a dispatcher’s workstation by technical means of communication and control over their condition, as well as over the state of communication directions organized from the node.

All operating modes of the mobile satellite communications node, their installation and changes, are carried out using a portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO) and portable computer 26 of the dispatcher’s workstation (PC RMD).

The principles for ensuring the indicated operating modes and the organization of information transmission paths are determined depending on the place of use in the communication system (existing communication networks and areas with undeveloped telecommunications infrastructure) and the role played by the proposed mobile mobile communications center. A mobile satellite communications node can simultaneously serve as a subscriber station of a satellite communications network, a subscriber and base station of a cellular radio network, a ground relay for these networks, a ground station interfacing with a public switched telephone network and local telephone networks.

Moreover, for each of the listed operating modes, it is possible to organize several options for establishing a connection and transmitting information.

In the embodiment of the communication between the subscriber located at the central point or in the office, and the remote subscribers connected to the proposed mobile satellite communications node, the organization of the information transmission path is provided according to the following scheme.

For a subscriber of a central point who is a subscriber of a satellite communications network, the path from his workplace to a remote subscriber passes through a ground-based (central) satellite communications station to a satellite repeater and is then transmitted over the air interface to satellite communications station 1 located in the mobile satellite communications center. At the same time, through the channel of the satellite communication station between the subscriber of the central point and the subscriber of the mobile node, the exchange of voice and document information, data and electronic correspondence can be organized.

The general algorithm of the process of making an outgoing call from a subscriber from a subscriber terminal (AT) includes, like other procedures that proceed in a similar way, the following steps:

on a random access channel (RACH) as part of the access frame, the subscriber terminal sends a request for a communication channel, after which the AT monitors the messages of the access permission channel (AGCCH) in anticipation of a response to the request;

the equipment of the satellite-relay (SR) assigns the corresponding radio channel among the available resources and reports this to the subscriber terminal (AT);

in parallel with this, the satellite-relay (SR) notifies the control center (CSC) or the central controller (CC) of the system about the location of the AT;

central controller initiates authentication and encryption procedures;

after successful authentication and start of encryption, the subscriber terminal sends a message containing an indicator of the required media service, the number of the called and calling subscribers. This information enters the register of temporary users of the central control center or the central office, where it is checked and the results of the verification of the AT are notified via a satellite relay;

The central control center or central controller sends to the repeater satellite a request for the assignment of a traffic channel (TC) with an indication of its parameters, based on which the SR allocates the corresponding radio frequency resource and reports AT data about it;

in response to the command, the subscriber terminal sends an acknowledgment containing the parameters of the radio interface and initiates the procedure for establishing a channel connection, after which it sends a confirmation message to the relay satellite;

Having received from CP a message about the completion of the channel resource assignment process, the central control center or central controller, based on the number of the called subscriber, forms a request to the appropriate communication network for establishing a connection with the destination. Upon receipt of confirmation of establishing a connection with the called subscriber, the Central Committee sends a command to connect the subscriber terminal;

the subscriber terminal confirms the repeater satellite the execution of this command;

in the switched channel, information is exchanged between subscribers.

Two-way voice and documentary exchange of information in the parking lot via the channel of satellite communication station 1 is carried out from a portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation. At the same time, voice and fax messages, computer data, and data on the coordinates of moving objects can be simultaneously transmitted in a group stream.

The exchange of voice information on the channel of the satellite communication station 1 is carried out along the path, including the inputs and outputs of the portable computer 10, switching unit 8, router 9 and satellite communication station 1. In this case, the operator, using the intercom devices of the unit 25 of the workstation, is connected to the portable computer 10 and through it carries out two-way exchange of voice messages through the channel of the satellite communication station 1. An analog signal from the output of the handset of unit 25 of the operator’s workstation is input to a portable computer 10, in which the voice message is converted into packet data and transmitted through the switching unit 8 and router 9 to the telephone channel input of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1. From the output of the channelization equipment 5, the packetized data is transmitted to the input of the transceiver 4. In the transceiver 4, the modulator, together with the transmission frequency converter, converts the packetized data into high-frequency radio signals, which are amplified by the power amplifier to the required level and fed to the input of the antenna system through the device 3 for receiving and transmitting 2, which radiates them to the ether.

In the considered communication network, each subscriber station, including satellite communication station 1, constantly receives a common signaling channel (ACS) at a frequency that is rigidly fixed to this satellite network. When receiving a signal message related to a given subscriber station and determined by an identification number (assigned individually to each station), the control unit 6 of station 1 decrypts the message and generates commands in accordance with the algorithm of the system.

The call signal or the information signal from the subscriber station 1 of the satellite communication through the satellite relay on the opposite side enters the station 1 satellite communication of the zone in which the called subscriber is located. Since the data bank of the satellite communication station stores information about the zone in which the called subscriber station is located, the satellite communication station on the opposite side organizes the passage of the ringing or information signal to the corresponding subscriber directly or via terrestrial communication channels through the corresponding automatic telephone exchanges.

The router 9 through the switching unit 8 is connected between the output of the portable computer 10 and the input of the equipment 5 channel formation. In this case, the router 9 processes the addresses of all incoming data and, through the relay satellite, sends the correspondingly addressed data to another satellite communication station 1, which is also connected to the router 9 through channeling equipment 5. Routers 9 sort any messages for the satellite communication station 1, which are indicated by their address code. Router 9 encodes the corresponding addresses into signals having assignments different from the first satellite communication station 1. Messages compiled by the router 9 through the satellite transceiver station 1 are sent to the addressee included in another satellite communication station.

At the same time, in station 1, the functions traditional for satellite communications are performed: message conversion for the purpose of error-correcting coding-decoding, modulation-demodulation, generation and processing, compression and separation of transmitted radio signals, tuning of operating frequencies, switching of reception-transmission modes and nominal values of signal transmission speeds, as well as, in particular, procedures are being implemented related to providing access to the channels and resources of a satellite communication station, organizing the transmission of a bit stream, combining data in frames, blocks, bytes and packets, synchronization and organization of data exchange with user terminal equipment, conversion of codes (serial to parallel, and vice versa), monitoring the state of the channel and other operations. Each packet contains a route selection code. The node receiving the data packet checks the route selection code in order to determine the possibility of using the specified node as a terminal node for this packet [8].

The information generated by router 9 is fed to the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1, where information flows are synchronized, signaling protocols are converted, a common signaling channel is formed, a signal phase shift is determined, the flows and the common signaling channel are combined into a single stream with a speed of 64 kbit / s. In the system interface of station 1, the digital stream of information from the channelization equipment 5 is converted into the GOST3 GOST3 joint [3].

Router 9 also determines for which network a particular message is intended and forwards it to a given network. To determine the subscriber within the network, the Node Address is used. Thus, using two addresses, you can uniquely identify any station in the integrated network and organize the exchange of data between objects located in different networks.

To determine the data transmission path between networks on routers 9, Routing Tables are built. Such tables contain a list of routes, i.e. the sequence of data transmission through routers to deliver data to the addressee. Each route contains the address of the destination network, the address of the next router, and the cost of transmitting data on this route. When assessing the cost, the number of intermediate routers can be taken into account, the time required to transfer data, and finally, just the monetary cost of transmitting data over the communication line. To construct route tables, often use either the vector method (Distance Vector Method) or the statistical method (Link-State Method). When choosing the optimal route, dynamic or static methods are used.

To ensure the required connectivity of the system, i.e. the possibility of providing continuous communication between subscribers located anywhere in the world, on each spacecraft (SC), repeaters are installed that are designed to communicate with the SC in their orbit and in neighboring orbits. At the same time, signal processing (demodulation and decoding) and their switching are carried out on a satellite repeater. Service signals (call, request, answer, etc.) are transmitted through the nearest spacecraft via feeder lines directly to the coordinating station, which, having information about all subscribers of the system and their coordinates, as well as data on free channels on all spacecraft, makes itinerary routes signals from one subscriber to another, gives a command about their switching on the spacecraft and sends a call to the called subscriber. If the called subscriber is in the radio visibility zone of another spacecraft, the coordinating station performs the functions of a ground repeater and transmits a signal in accordance with the developed route to a neighboring spacecraft, etc., until the signal reaches the spacecraft in the zone of which the called subscriber is located.

If the caller agrees to the communication, then the coordinating station assigns a channel (or channels for duplex communication) to both subscribers and commutes, and after the end of the session, fixes the type and duration for subsequent payment and disconnects the channels. Communication between subscribers in the area of one spacecraft after switching channels is carried out directly, the coordinating station performs only control functions.

Signals in the system, as a rule, are carried out in batch mode using ATM protocols, except for duplex telephone communication, which is carried out through a permanent subscriber-to-subscriber connection, which is switched for the duration of the session.

The transmission of documentary information through the channel of the satellite communication station 1 is also carried out using a portable computer 10 of the operator’s workstation and a small-sized printer 11.

When connecting the laptop 10 to the channel of the satellite communication station 1 and transmitting information through it, the speed of file exchange can be obtained in almost real time. This ensures the transfer in one second of approximately half a page of text. When using e-mail in the station, a memory mode is also provided, the essence of which is that the received information is stored by the portable computer 10 and delivered to the correspondent at a predetermined time of the day.

Two-way data exchange by sending and receiving e-mail and fax messages in the parking lot and in traffic along the channel of the navigation station 12 with a group stream speed of up to 600 bit / s is carried out using the mobile data terminal 15. In this case, the station operator on the mobile terminal 15 types a message, which, after establishing communication with the navigation station 12 according to a known principle, is transmitted to the input of the transceiver channel 13. In the transceiver, the dialed message is converted into radio signals and through Tenna 14 is being broadcast.

When exchanging electronic correspondence, the algorithm of work is as follows. The mail program is launched, a message is compiled (a letter is written), the recipient’s address is indicated in the header, and a message is sent to the mail server of its provider, the so-called SMTP server (Simple Message Transfer Protocol - Simple Message Transfer Protocol). He finds on the network a node to which the required addressee is assigned, and forwards the message (letter) to him, and he sends it to the destination.

When the message (letter) arrives at the address of the mobile station connected to the public Internet, the other server of our provider - POP server (Post Office Protocol - the mail protocol) - receives the message and stores it on its hard drive until the station operator will not read it. As soon as the received message is transferred to the station computer, the server erases it at home.

In the general case, when a message (letter) is sent from the proposed mobile station, the sender’s mail server reads the domain name of the addressee’s provider and sends the message to the corresponding server. The recipient provider’s server scans its customer database and, having found the corresponding record, sends a letter to its mailbox. Mail is stored on the server until the client starts the mail program, which automatically picks up the mail and transfers it to the client (recipient) computer.

If the server cannot find a suitable client address in its database, the message is sent back with the note “recipient not found”.

When you start the e-mail program and connect to the Internet, the program automatically connects to the mail server and downloads all the mail to the station computer.

Using the Connection Server (CS), the WebPhone and WebPhone Gateway Xchange (WGX) servers can establish a connection (contact) with the other party via email, IP address and phone number. The server stores the necessary information and tracks what is currently being used. When a request is made to establish a connection to an email address, CS converts the requested mail address to an IP address and thus allows a direct connection between the calling and called subscribers. Upon receipt of a request to establish a connection by phone number, CS returns the WGX server closest to the recipient in accordance with the telephone number E.I 64 - that is, in accordance with the country, city and telephone exchange code. Then, the connection with the desired telephone number of the subscriber is established through the specified WGX server. The advantage of this system (WebPhone is a telephone on the monitor screen) is that a subscriber with one click of the mouse (if there is a microphone) can make calls, organize conferences, forward and receive voice packets in real time. The Internet Gateway consists of server software, server hardware, and a WebPhone in a call center and WebPhone software on a Web user's laptop.

Communication is established by users of personal computers equipped with multimedia and (or) special software (hardware and software) tools that provide duplex telephone conversations, the necessary service and control, and are connected to the Internet. User computers can be part of a local network, have a personal address, or connect to the Internet using a modem. Digitization, compression, and packetization of the audio signal are performed by software and hardware on the sender’s computer, and the received signal is reproduced using the sound card (voice card) on the recipient’s machine. The second option involves the use of special multifunction devices built on the basis of digital signal processing processors (DSP), called DSP cards. Such a card, together with a personal computer and the corresponding software, forms a telephone gateway.

When exchanging electronic correspondence from the workstation of a portable computer, the path includes: a small-sized printer 11, a portable computer 10, whose interface input-output at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first linear input-output of the switching unit 8. A digital channel formed by a satellite communication station 1 is connected to the specified input-output of the switching unit 8. When a satellite channel is connected to a portable computer 10, the signal is converted from a digital form to a standard interface at the RS-232 interface and then transferred to a portable computer 10, in which the received data are processed, received data is processed and sent to a small-sized printer 11 for printing .

A broadband modem with its input-output through the RS-232 interface junction is connected to the COM port of portable computer 10 or a USB port, and the modem is connected to the communication channel by its digital input-output.

Special software uses a modem to make a call to the provider to establish a connection. When connected to the provider, computer 10 sends him the user name and password. The provider's computer identifies the user and connects him to the network [7, 8].

Since Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office are installed on the portable computer 10 of the mobile mobile communications unit, both Outlook and Outlook Express of the Windows XP operating system can be used as an email client for exchanging information [7, 8]. It allows you to effectively conduct all correspondence: receive and send mail, manage accounts, add and save file attachments, and store contact addresses.

Two-way exchange of information in the parking lot is carried out via 24 wire communication lines through stations of the local communication network and the long-distance telephone network using the telephone system of the ATS 23 system and block 25 of the operator’s workstation. At the same time, through the switching unit 8, communication is provided both by subscriber and by connecting lines from an external automatic telephone exchange. Making a call, establishing a connection and communicating on these lines are carried out according to well-known principles and algorithms.

Ultra-short-wave radio communication with mobile subscribers in the trunking mode in the network coverage area is organized using the mobile radio base station 17 with antenna 18, the first 19 mobile radio subscriber station with antenna 20, the second 36 mobile radio subscriber station with antenna 37, and portable 22 mobile radio stations.

Providing radio communications with mobile subscribers is carried out in several ways. The first of these is provided by leaving the telephone set 23 of the station in a mobile radio communication network organized using an automatic 16 channel switch, a trunked radio communication base station 17 with an antenna 18, as well as with subscribers of the local telephone network of the mobile radio communication system and the telephone network of an external automatic telephone exchange . In this case, the official or operator of the station dials the subscriber number of the local telephone network or the network of the external telephone exchange. When dialing a call signal from the output of the telephone 23 through the inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8 and the automatic switch 16 channels enters one of the channels of the base station 17 trunking radio communications and is transmitted through the antenna 18. On the opposite side, in a similar satellite communications node, through the antenna 18, the radio signal enters the base station 17, where the ring signal is extracted and transmitted through the automatic 16 channel switch and switching unit 8 to the telephone 23. After hearing a call signal, the operator picks up the phone from the telephone 23 and negotiates with the caller. At the end of the negotiations, the operators put the handsets on the telephone and automatically hang up. In this case, the established path is disconnected and the stations switch to the reception mode (initial state).

The second option for communication through the base station 17 trunking radio communications is carried out by arranging the transit of any channel of this station to the channel of the satellite communication station 1 for the remote subscriber to enter the communication network of the central office. In this case, the path for communication is organized as follows. The channel input-output of the channel base station 17 of the trunked radio communication through the station input-output of the automatic switch 16 channels is connected to the ninth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 and is connected to the telephone channel of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1 through the first channel input-output of this unit.

Conducting telephone communication on a composite path from a local network subscriber to a subscriber located at a central point or in an office is carried out as follows. The subscriber of the local mobile radio communication network through his station by dialing the number of the called subscriber goes on the air to the base station 17 trunking radio communications, which receives the call and transmits it to the satellite communication station 1. In this case, the ringing signal from the output of one of the channels of the trunking radio base station 17 through an automatic switch 16 channels, the switching unit 8 and the channelization equipment 5 enters the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver 4, where the received signal is converted into a high-frequency signal, which, after amplification by a power amplifier the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station, is transmitted through the device 3 separation of the transmission and reception paths to the antenna 2 system and is radiated by it into the air. On the air, the ringing signal is transmitted to the repeater satellite, which identifies the called satellite ground station by the subscriber number and transmits to it the received call signal to the subscriber. On the opposite side, the call signal received by the satellite ground station is transmitted over the ground communications network to the called party. Further, communication is carried out according to the usual algorithm for a telephone network.

The third option for providing communication is that using similar base stations of trunked radio communications 17, a communication network is organized through which subscribers can communicate with each other and access the local telephone network of the mobile radio communication system, as well as access the external automatic telephone exchange to telephone subscribers .

Mobile subscriber stations 19 (with antenna 20) and 36 (with antenna 37) and portable stations 22 with built-in antenna are designed to provide uninterrupted radiotelephone communication to officials of the communication center with each other and to subscribers of the local telephone network of the mobile radio communication system, as well as access to subscribers of the telephone network of an external automatic telephone exchange. In this case, radio communication is carried out with an address call of correspondents in the network according to the well-known principle [2].

The provision of communication in motion when moving the mobile node is carried out using a subscriber station 19 of mobile communications and an antenna 20 located on a box body. In this case, access to the mobile communication network and radio communication with the address call of correspondents in the network is carried out.

With the help of portable stations 22, communication in motion is also carried out by accessing the network and messaging.

Access to the local telephone network is also organized by a radiotelephone extension cord formed by the first subscriber station 19 of mobile radio communication with antenna 20 and the second subscriber station 36 with antenna 37, which is removed from the node and installed on the local automatic telephone exchange or telephone exchange (RTS) ), a channel input-output connected to a subscriber set or a set of connecting line of the specified exchange PBX or RTS. Moreover, the path for negotiating subscribers includes: a telephone set of a local network subscriber, a telephone exchange ATS or RTS, a subscriber line, a channel input-output of a second subscriber station 36 of a mobile radio communication station, a transceiver station 36, an antenna 37, a radio interface, an antenna 20, a transceiver of a first subscriber station 19 mobile radio, subscriber line 21 telephone, block 8 switching and telephone 23 of the PBX system. Communication is carried out according to the usual algorithm for telephone communications.

The organization of video conferencing is carried out from a portable computer 10 of the operator’s automated workstation by accessing the Internet via the switching unit 8 and the satellite communication station 1. A portable computer 10, a small-sized video camera 27, a dynamic microphone 28, and a telephone (or speaker) 29 are involved in organizing video conferencing, and communication can be organized between several subscribers (multi-point video conferencing system) or between two subscribers (control centers or interacting communication nodes).

When organizing a multipoint system for video conferencing, communication work is carried out in accordance with the CCITT Recommendations N.320, H.221, H.242 and H.261.

When receiving data, the network interface unit of the portable computer 10 PC ARMO converts the transmitted data into a data format and then outputs them to the multiplexer / demultiplexer unit, which selects and converts the transmitted data received from the channel of satellite communication station 1 from a remote dispatcher or operator into video data representing frames based on CCITT H.261 Recommendations, audio data, display data and control data. The multiplexer / demultiplexer unit additionally sends the received video data to the video encoder / decoder in the form of a video information signal, sends audio data to the delay circuit, display data to the telematics device, and control data to the system control unit. The delay circuit delays the fixed time of the received audio information signal in order to adjust the time delay between the audio information and video information signals. Next, the received video information signals are fed to the input of a small-sized video camera 27, audio information signals are sent to the input of the telephone (speaker) 29, and display signals are sent to the input of the monitor of portable computer 10 for display information display.

When transmitting the operators involved in video conferencing on each of the laptop computers, image information is generated on its terminal in the form of an output signal from a small-sized camera 27, which is transmitted to the input / output board of the video signals of the portable computer to the input of the video encoder / decoder so that it is encoded and then the encoded image information is supplied to the multiplexer / demultiplexer unit as an image signal.

At the same time, the dynamic microphone 28 sends audio data to an audio encoder / decoder, which encodes it and sends it to the multiplexer / demultiplexer unit, and the display data is also output from the telematics device to the input of the multiplexer / demultiplexer unit, the other input of which is supplied by the control unit information.

The aforementioned multiplexer / demultiplexer unit sequentially stores video data, audio data, and control data, which are respectively obtained from a video information signal, an audio information signal from a dynamic microphone 28, a display information signal, and a control information signal received from a small-sized video camera 27 in a predetermined frame area H.221. Then the received H.221 frame is transmitted to other terminals (laptop computers) sequentially through the network interface unit and the corresponding channel of the communication network.

Thus, in a multipoint system for video conferencing, portable computers (subscriber terminals) can mutually communicate with each other over the Internet, which can provide the most complete amount of transmitted or received data between interacting operators (subscribers) and an image of a sufficiently high quality can be obtained .

For individual video telephony communications, portable computers (subscriber terminals) of interacting nodes or control points must be connected to each other via separate communication channels or via one common communication channel connected to the Internet. At the same time, the devices having them process the transmitted or received information, which is received or transmitted from (or to) one laptop computer to another in accordance with the above algorithm. The video surveillance system operates as follows. Video surveillance data is collected from emergency or disaster sites using the first and second remote mobile video cameras 35. In this case, the data is received by the lens 76 of the mobile video camera 35, which is optically coupled to a matrix of 77 charge-coupled devices (CCD) and to the input of the photodiode 81 block 80 automatic exposure control. The CCD matrix 77, together with the control signal generation unit 78 and the video signal amplification and processing unit 79, the CCD matrix converts the optical image signal into a video signal, which from the output of block 79 goes to the channel input-output of the broadband wireless access subscriber station 33 (from the first 351 video cameras to the input-output of the first 331 BWA subscriber station and, accordingly, from the second video camera 352 to the input-output of the second 33 2 BWA subscriber station). At the subscriber station 33, the received video signal is converted into a high-frequency radio signal, which is radiated by the antenna 34. Next, high-frequency radio signals from the subscriber stations 35 are received by the antenna 32 of the broadband wireless access base station 31. The high-frequency transceiver of the base station 31 converts the received radio signal into digital form and extracts an information video signal from it, which is fed to the input of the video signal recording unit 30, from the output of which the converted data through the additional input / output of the laptop 10 is fed to the input of the video signal input-output board. The video input / output board of the portable computer 10, in turn, converts the received video signals into packet data, which is recorded in the memory of the portable computer 10 for storage. Subsequently, these data from the memory of the portable computer 10 can be issued upon request to a higher control center via the channels of satellite communication station 1 or mobile base station 17 through switching unit 8.

The telephone line network is organized using the main 38 and remote 39 telephones of the MB system via wire line 24, at the end of which a remote telephone 39 is installed, which is installed in data collection areas for the elimination of natural disasters and emergency situations. Such a communication network helps to increase the reliability of data collection due to the ability to quickly refine certain data through a direct telephone channel.

The technical means of the mobile satellite communications node are controlled and monitored by the operator and dispatcher using portable computers 10 (PC ARMO) and 26 (PC RMD) and the state of organized communication lines. Moreover, information about the status of the satellite communication station 1, navigation station 12, automatic 16 channel switch, trunking radio base station 17, mobile radio subscriber station 19, video signal recording unit 30 and broadband wireless access base station 31 through the switching unit 8 or is directly (not shown in the diagram) to the input of the portable computer 10, in which the received information after processing is stored and periodically displayed on the display of the computer 10. In the case of When data on the emergency state of any of the monitored means of the mobile node is received on computer 10, an alarm is automatically activated to attract the attention of the operator.

The technical efficiency of the proposed mobile mobile communication node consists in expanding the functionality while increasing the throughput of communication directions and the visibility of the information at the workplaces of operators and the dispatcher, as well as in ensuring the joint work of subscribers of various mobile communication networks created by dissimilar means of communication.

An increase in the throughput capacity of satellite communications is achieved by increasing the speed of information transfer and the exchange of electronic correspondence in real time.

A positive factor of the proposed mobile satellite communications node is also the provision of high-quality duplex communication between subscribers in the electronic exchange of correspondence between similar nodes and stations, as well as video-telephone communication in the mode of video conferencing between subscribers located at a considerable distance from each other, and obtaining visual data from places of liquidation of consequences of natural disasters and emergency situations.

The proposed mobile satellite communications node has passed the pilot test and showed high quality work.

Information sources

1. RU, patent No. 2133555, class. HBB 7/185, 1999.

2. A set of technical means of mobile radio communications R-169. OJSC "Ryazan Radio Plant".

3. Satellite Communications and Broadcasting: A Guide. - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. / V.A. Bartenev, G.V. Bolotov, V.L. Bykov and others; Ed. L.Ya. Kantora. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1997, p. 419.

4. RU patent No. 2293442, class. HB04 7/185, 2007 (prototype).

5. Ivanova T.I. Subscriber terminals and computer telephony. - M .: Eco-Trends, 1999.

6. Military switching systems and telephony. B.A. Gordienko, V.N. Filippov, L.P. Shcherbina. / Ed. B.A. Gordienko. - L .: YOU, 1984.

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Claims (5)

1. A mobile satellite communications unit located in a box body mounted on a car chassis, comprising a satellite communications station as part of an antenna system, a device for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver, channelization equipment, a control unit and a guidance system, a switching unit, a router, portable computer of the operator’s workstation (PC ARMO), small-sized printer, navigation station consisting of a transceiver, antenna and mobile data terminal, automatic channel switch, base station of trunked radio communication with an antenna, subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio station with antenna, subscriber telephone line, n portable mobile radio stations, telephone exchange of the telephone exchange system, wired communication lines and an operator’s workstation block, while the input - the output of the antenna system is connected to the input-output of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver, the output of the intermediate-frequency channel It is connected to the linear input of channeling equipment, the linear output of which is connected to the input of the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the control input-output of channeling equipment is connected to the first control input-output of the control unit, the second the control input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the guidance system, the second input-output of which is connected to the control input-output of the antenna system, the first channel input-output of the channelization equipment of the satellite communications station is connected via telephone line to the first channel input-output of the switching unit, the second and third channel inputs and outputs of which are connected at the ISDN and RS-232 joints to the second and third channel inputs respectively channelization equipment outputs, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the ISDN and RS-232C interfaces of the router are connected to the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh channel inputs, respectively - the outputs of the switching unit, the eighth channel input-output of the switching unit at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver of the navigation station, the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna, and the input-output of the mobile data terminal is connected to the second input-output of the transceiver, ninth the channel input-output of the switching unit is connected to the station input-output of the automatic channel switcher, the first linear input-output of the switching unit at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of a portable computer and the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO), the second, third, fourth and fifth linear inputs and outputs of the switching unit are connected respectively to the input-output of the telephone subscriber line, the line input-output of the telephone exchange of the telephone exchange system, the inputs and outputs of the wired communication lines and the linear input-output block of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the conversational devices of which is alternately connected, as necessary, with the corresponding input-output of the ARMO portable computer, mobile data terminal navigation stations, subscriber (portable or portable) mobile radio stations, the first and second channel inputs and outputs of the automatic channel commutator are connected respectively to the first and second input and outputs of the channels of the trunked radio base station, portable mobile radio stations are connected to each other over the air via the base antennas a trunked radio station or a subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio station automatically and also manually through the operator of the workstation unit the input-output of the ARMO operator’s laptop computer via RS-232 interface is connected to a small-sized printer, characterized in that a second laptop computer installed at the dispatcher’s workstation (PC RMD) and designed to monitor network status, transmitted information and control organized by a mobile radio communication network, the input-output of a dispatcher’s laptop computer connected to the RS-232 interface is connected to an additional station input-output of an automatic channel switcher, a small-sized video camera, din a microphone and a telephone (speaker), which, together with the operator’s workstation computer (PC ARMO), form a video conferencing system designed for video telephony between an operator of a mobile satellite communications node and remote subscribers located at interacting communication nodes and a higher control center for liquidation of consequences natural disasters and emergencies, a video registration unit and two remote mobile video cameras included in the video surveillance system, are intended For collecting and transmitting data on the situation from natural disasters and emergency situations, a broadband wireless access base station (BSB) connected via a high-frequency input-output with a transceiver antenna, two broadband wireless access subscriber stations (AS BWA), high-frequency the input-output of each of which is connected to its transceiver antenna, the second subscriber (mobile or portable) mobile radio station, designed to provide the radio communication with network subscribers through a mobile base station or to organize together with the first mobile radio subscriber station a radiotelephone extension cord, in the latter case, the second subscriber station is installed on an automatic telephone exchange (PBX) or manual telephone exchange (RTS), and channel the input-output of said second mobile radio subscriber station is connected to a subscriber set or a set of connecting line of said PBX or RTS, the main remote telephone sets of the local battery system (MB), intended for organizing telephone communication with a subscriber remote from the communication center via wired communication lines, while the input-output of a small-sized video camera of the video conferencing system through which video signals are transmitted and received is connected to the additional input-output of the aforementioned a laptop computer of the operator’s workplace, the additional audio input and audio output of which are connected respectively to the microphone output and the telephone input (speaker) of the system video conferencing, video input-output of the video signal recording unit of the video surveillance system is connected to the second additional input-output of the aforementioned portable computer of the operator’s workstation, and the channel inputs and outputs of the video signal recording unit are connected to the channel inputs and outputs of the broadband wireless access base station, connected via the radio interface to the transmitting and receiving antennas subscriber stations of broadband wireless access, to the channel input-output of each of which are connected electrically remote mobile video cameras designed for video shooting in disaster response and emergency situations and for transmitting video images to the video signal recording unit of the mobile satellite communications node, the line input-output of the main telephone system of the MB system is connected to the tenth channel input-output of the switching unit, another the input-output of a wired communication line is connected to the linear input-output of an external telephone set of the MB system. 2. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure full access to the channels and communication lines, the switching unit of the mobile satellite communication unit contains a channel input unit, a switching field unit, a cord unit and a line input unit, the first, second and third channel inputs and outputs at the corresponding telephone, ISDN and RS-232 interfaces of the channeling equipment, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the joints of the ISDN and RS-232C router, the channel input-output of the station transceiver on Igations, station input-output of the automatic channel commutator and linear input-output of the main telephone set of the MB system through the channel input unit of the switching unit are connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the station side of the switching field unit, which are connected to the switching sockets of the line side of the switching field unit by cord cords of the cord unit which are connected to the station inputs / outputs of the line input unit, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth line inputs / outputs which are connected respectively to the first input-output of the portable computer of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the telephone line, the line-in-output of the telephone system of the telephone exchange, the input-output of the wired lines and the input-output of the block of the operator’s workplace, while the first , second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth inputs and outputs of the channel input unit are the corresponding channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, the first, second, third, the fourth and fifth linear inputs and outputs of which are respectively the first, second, third, fourth and fifth inputs and outputs of the line input unit. 3. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that the portable computer of the operator’s automated workstation (PC ARMO) contains a system unit consisting of a motherboard on which a microprocessor, system bus, random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory device and controller are located keyboard, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, controller of additional devices, the input-output of which is connected to the input-output of the modem integrated into the system unit, gesture a magnetic disk, a floppy disk drive, system software and special application software supplied on a hard disk drive, a video signal input / output board, audio signal input / output board, and a plasma display and a standard keyboard moreover, the inputs and outputs of the microprocessor through a system line are connected to the inputs and outputs of random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory devices, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, keyboard controller and controller for additional devices, the first inputs and outputs of the video I / O board and audio input / output board through the additional device controller are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the system bus, second inputs and outputs the monitor adapter is connected to the inputs and outputs of the display with a plasma screen, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of a small-sized printer, the second inputs and outputs are the disk troller is connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive and the hard magnetic disk, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller are connected to the inputs and outputs of the keyboard, the second and third inputs and outputs of the video I / O board are connected to the video signal inputs and outputs of a small-sized video camera and the outputs of the video recording unit, and the microphone output and the telephone input (speaker) of the video conferencing system are respectively connected to the audio input and the audio output of the audio input / output board ide, the first inputs and outputs of the laptop computer of the operator’s workstation are modem inputs and outputs, the second inputs and outputs of the ARMO PC are the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter, the third and fourth inputs and outputs of the laptop computer of the operator’s workstation are, respectively, the first and second additional inputs and outputs of the controller of additional devices. 4. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile video camera of the video surveillance system includes a lens, a matrix of charge-coupled devices (CCD matrix), a video signal amplification and processing unit of the CCD matrix, and an exposure control unit containing a photodiode, an electronic key , an integrator and a microprocessor, the lens being optically connected to a CCD matrix and a photodiode, the inputs of the CCD matrix are electrically connected to the control outputs of the control signal generation unit of the CCD matrix, the output of the CCD matrix is electrically connected to the first input of the video signal amplification and processing unit of the CCD matrix, the output of which is the output of the video signal, the output of the photodiode is electrically connected to the input of the electronic key, the output of which is electrically connected to the input of the integrator, the output of which is electrically connected to the first input of the microprocessor, said CCD matrix made high-speed and contains anti-blooming electrodes, the photodiode is made with an area equal to the area of the photosensitive surface of the CCD, the first output of the microprocessor is trically connected to the electronic key, the second microprocessor output is electrically connected to the control input of the CCD matrix control signal generation unit, and the synchronization output of the CCD matrix control signal generation block is electrically connected to the microprocessor synchronization input, the third output of which is electrically connected to the second input of the amplification unit and processing the video signal of the CCD. 5. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that the box body is mounted on the chassis of an all-wheel drive off-road vehicle and is divided into two compartments: a front compartment with a side door to enter it and a rear compartment with an equipped entrance door, while in the front the compartment is equipped with an automated operator’s workstation and a dispatcher’s workstation, as well as the main equipment and equipment of the communication center are located in it, remote communications are located in the rear compartment, the station antenna system is located on the roof of the box body and satellite communications, antennas of a navigation station, a trunked radio base station, and a broadband wireless access base station.

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