RU2293442C1 - Mobile unit for mobile communications - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric communications, possible use for providing communications under conditions of absence of telecommunication infrastructure and emergency situations and providing connection to active communication systems of various ministries and departments.

SUBSTANCE: mobile unit contains client satellite communication station in composition of antenna system, devices for separating receipt and transmission routes, receiver-transmitter, channel setup equipment, control block and guidance system, commutation block, router, portable computer, small-sized printer, facsimile set; introduced to navigation station are commutation block, router, portable computer, small-sized printer, facsimile set, navigation station, base station for trunking radio communication with antenna, portable mobile communication station with antenna, client phone communication line, n portable mobile radio communication stations, automatic telephone exchange phone, wire commutation lines and operator workplace block.

EFFECT: possible combined operation of clients of various mobile communication networks, created by communication devices of various origins, with simultaneously increased speed of communication setup between them.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to telecommunication technology and can be used to provide communication in the absence of telecommunication infrastructure and emergencies and to ensure interfacing with existing communication systems of various ministries and departments.

Currently, the existing mobile satellite networks and cellular networks use various subscriber fixed and mobile or wearable stations, with which subscribers can exchange information between themselves separately in each of the communication networks. For subscribers of one network to go to another network, additional devices will be required or communication between them can be provided only through special switching centers. This leads to a significant increase in the time to establish a connection and to the inability to provide communication between subscribers of different networks due to the use of different types of terminal tools with different operation algorithms. At the same time, more and more often, various services of ministries and departments have to fulfill their tasks and interact with each other in carrying out various activities, for example, in eliminating the consequences of emergency situations, in escorting goods transported by land vehicles and obtaining information about their location. At the same time, data on the location of remote moving objects should come to the control centers constantly and almost immediately, that is, in real time.

It is known that personal radio communication based on cellular terrestrial networks is one of the fastest growing areas of communication. The use of radio communications in the subscriber area allows you to access the communication channel when moving in space. At the same time, it remains possible to connect to a moving subscriber by his fixed number.

However, it should be borne in mind that in areas of low population density, including in Russia, the use of terrestrial cellular radio systems outside large cities will be extremely inefficient economically. Therefore, it is proposed to use combined communication networks built on the basis of satellite communications and cellular radio systems for this purpose.

This is justified by the fact that personal satellite communication stations have a number of advantages compared to other mobile communication systems. For example, if the user is outside the service area of local cellular systems, satellite communication plays a key role, since it has no restrictions on binding to a specific terrain. In many regions of the world, the demand for mobile services can only be met with the help of satellite systems.

Known subscriber stationary and wearable mobile communication stations contain antenna systems, transceivers consisting of receivers, transmitters, modulator-demodulator blocks and terminal equipment for channeling and maintaining duplex telephone communications, data transmission and various messages [1, 2].

These mobile stations are designed to provide the transmission of various messages and communication only separately in communication networks created by certain means and communication complexes, including satellite communications, mobile radio communications or radio relay stations. Subscribers, for work in such communication networks, must also have heterogeneous and different types of communication means at their workplaces, which greatly complicates the process of organizing message transfer and communication for them.

Of the known terrestrial satellite communications stations, the closest in technical essence is the subscriber station of mobile satellite communications described in [3].

This station contains an antenna system, a device for separating reception and transmission (duplexer), a transceiver comprising a low-noise amplifier, a frequency converter, a demodulator, a multiplexer, a modulator, a frequency converter, a power amplifier, a control unit, and a guidance system [3].

The known station provides two-way telephone communication and data exchange with direct subscribers of similar stations and other ground stations in satellite communications networks.

The main disadvantage of the known satellite subscriber station is that it provides operation only in satellite communication networks and with its help it is impossible to provide access to the mobile radio communication network for organizing communication between subscribers of various networks.

The aim of the invention is to enable collaboration between subscribers of various mobile networks created by heterogeneous means of communication, while increasing the efficiency of establishing a connection between them.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a mobile node for multi-purpose mobile communications, providing the ability to work subscriber stations in various communication networks, the organization of the interface between the public telephone network and land mobile stations with the transmission of the established paths of voice and documentary information, as well as data from remote subscribers to central points and offices.

The claimed combination of elements and communications allows to achieve the goal due to the original combination of instruments and devices used in public telephone networks and satellite communications networks both in their direct and non-standard applications.

When studying well-known technical solutions in this technical field, the totality of features that distinguish the claimed object was not identified. The proposed solution is significantly different from the known.

The claimed solution explicitly does not follow from the prior art and has an inventive step.

The inventive mobile node mobile communications can be implemented using existing communication tools and equipment used on telecommunication networks and computer networks, and is industrially applicable. Tests of the manufactured sample of the proposed mobile mobile communications unit showed that it is operational and ensures the achievement of the goal.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a mobile mobile communications unit containing a satellite subscriber station as part of an antenna system, a device for separating the transmission and reception paths, a transceiver, channelization equipment, a control unit and a guidance system, while the input / output of the antenna system is connected to the input - the output of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver, the output of the intermediate frequency path of which is connected to a linear the input of channeling equipment, the linear output of which is connected to the input of the intermediate-frequency path of the transceiver, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the control input-output of channeling equipment is connected to the first control input-output of the control unit, the second control input-output which is connected to the first input-output of the guidance system, the second input-output of which is connected to the control input-output of the antenna system, switching lock, router, laptop, small-sized printer, fax machine, navigation station consisting of a transceiver, antenna and mobile data terminal, automatic channel switch, base station of trunked radio communication with an antenna, mobile station for mobile radio communication with an antenna, telephone subscriber line, n portable mobile radio stations, telephone system of the exchange, wired communication lines and the block of the operator’s workplace, and the first channel input-output of the equipment Alignment via facsimile connection is connected to the first channel input-output of the switching unit, the second channel input-output of which is connected via a telephone interface to the second channel input-output of channelization equipment, the third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of which are connected at the ISDN and RS-232 joints, respectively to the third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the ISDN and RS-232C interfaces of the router are connected respectively to the fifth, the sixth, seventh and eighth channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, the ninth channel input-output of which at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver of the navigation station, the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna, and the input- to the second input-output of the transceiver the output of the mobile data terminal, the tenth channel input-output of the switching unit is connected to the station input-output of the automatic channel switch, the first linear input-output of the switching unit is connected to the first input-output ohm of a portable computer with the ability to switch this input-output of the computer to the input-output of the router at the RS-232 interface, the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth line inputs and outputs of the switching unit are connected respectively to the input-output of the fax machine, the input-output of the subscriber telephone line, line input / output of the telephone system of the PBX system, input / output of wired communication lines and linear input / output of the unit of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the talk devices of which is alternately, as necessary range, connected to the corresponding input-output of a portable computer, mobile data terminal of a navigation station, a trunked radio communication base station and a mobile radio communication station, the first, second, third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of the automatic channel commutator are connected respectively to the first, second, third and to the fourth inputs and outputs of the channels of the trunked radio communication base station, portable mobile radio stations are interconnected over the air through the antennas of the base station Ammunition trunked radio or mobile radio station automatically or manually via an operator workstation unit.

To ensure full access to the inclusion of channels and communication lines, the switching unit of the mobile mobile communication unit includes a channel input unit, a switching field unit, a cord unit and a line input unit, the first, second, third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of the corresponding facsimile, telephone, ISDN and RS-232 to the junctions of the channeling equipment, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the joints of the ISDN and RS-232C router, the channel input-output of the transceiver of the navigation station and station the input-output of the automatic channel commutator through the channel input unit of the switching unit is connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the station side of the switching field unit, which are connected via cord cords of the cord unit to the switching sockets of the linear side of the switching field unit, which are connected to the station inputs and outputs of the line input unit , the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input-output of the portable com a computer, input / output of a fax machine, input / output of a subscriber line of telephone communication, linear input-output of a telephone set of a telephone exchange system, input-output of wire lines and input-output of a workstation unit, while the first, second, third, fourth, the fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth inputs and outputs of the channel input unit are the respective channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, the first, second, third, fourth, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of which are respectively about the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth inputs and outputs of the line input unit.

The portable computer contains a system unit consisting of a motherboard on which the microprocessor, system bus, random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory and keyboard controller, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, additional device controller are connected, the input-output of which is connected to input-output of the modem integrated into the system unit, a hard magnetic disk, a drive for connecting a flexible magnetic disk, system software The software and special application software supplied on the hard disk drive also contain a plasma screen display and a standard keyboard, the inputs and outputs of the central processor through the system bus connected to the inputs and outputs of random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory device, adapter monitor, port adapter, disk controller, keyboard controller and additional device controller, second adapter inputs / outputs the monitor is connected to the inputs and outputs of the display with a plasma screen, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of a small-sized printer, the second inputs and outputs of the disk controller are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive and the hard magnetic disk, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller are connected with keyboard I / O.

To enable the mobile node of mobile communication in motion and its quick delivery to the places of use, its equipment and equipment are located in an all-metal body on the chassis of a light truck, while the main equipment and equipment of the node are located in the body, and the antenna system of the satellite communication station, the antenna of the navigation station, the antenna of the base station of the trunked radio communication and the antenna of the mobile mobile radio station are located on the roof of the car.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed mobile mobile node is characterized by the presence of new units: a switching unit, a router, a laptop computer, a small-sized printer, a fax machine, a navigation station as part of a transceiver with an antenna and a mobile data terminal, an automatic channel switch, a trunking base station radio communications with an antenna, a mobile mobile radio station with an antenna, a telephone subscriber line, n portable mobile rad stations osvyazi, telephone PBX systems, wireline unit and operator workplace, as well as their connections with the rest of the circuit.

In addition, the proposed mobile unit differs from the prototype in that its main elements have a modular design that allows for quick assembly in an all-metal body or container body of a moving object, the ability to move the unit on its own and transport it by air.

Thus, the claimed mobile node mobile communications meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty." Comparison of the proposed solution with other technical solutions shows that the blocks newly introduced into the proposed mobile mobile node are realizable, are well known to specialists in this field of technology and additional creativity, given the explanations below, for their reproduction is not required.

However, when they are introduced in this connection with the remaining elements of the circuit into the inventive mobile node of mobile communication, the above blocks exhibit new properties, which include the possibility of joint work of subscriber stations in mobile networks created by heterogeneous means of communication, and interfacing with a mobile radio network in places with an undeveloped telecommunications infrastructure while increasing the efficiency of establishing connections between subscribers of various communication networks.

Figure 1 presents the structural electrical diagram of the proposed mobile node mobile communications. Figure 2 and 3 shows the structural diagrams of the switching unit and a laptop computer, and figure 4 shows an example (option) of a structural embodiment of a mobile mobile communication unit in an all-metal body on a chassis of a car with a low load capacity.

The proposed mobile mobile communications node (Fig. 1) comprises a satellite communications station 1 comprising an antenna system 2, a device 3 for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver 4, channelization equipment 5, a control unit 6 and a guidance system 7, a switching unit 8, a router 9 , laptop 10, small-sized printer 11, fax machine 12, navigation station 13 comprising a transceiver 14, antenna 15 and a mobile data terminal 16, an automatic switch 17 channels, a base station 18 trunked radio with an antenna 19, a transportable mobile radio station 20 with an antenna 21, a telephone subscriber line 22, n portable mobile radio stations 23, a telephone exchange 24 of the exchange system, wire lines 25 and an operator station unit 26.

The switching unit 8 (see figure 2) contains a channel input unit 27, a switching field unit 28, a cord pair unit 29 and a line input unit 30.

The portable computer 10 contains (see Fig. 3) a system unit 31 consisting of a motherboard 32 on which a microprocessor 33, a system bus 34 (bus), an online memory 35, a reprogrammable read-only memory 36 and a keyboard controller 37 adapter are installed 38 monitors, adapter 39 ports, controller 40 disks, controller 41 additional devices, modem 42, hard 43 magnetic disk, disk 44 for connecting a flexible magnetic disk, system 45 software and special application e 46 software, supplied on a hard disk drive 43 magnetic disk, and also contains a display 47 with a plasma screen and a standard keyboard 48.

The system highway 34, which includes an address highway (MA), a data highway (MD) and a control highway (MU), provides communication between the critical nodes of the laptop 10 with each other. Each of the highways is a set of conductors through which the microprocessor 33 transmits or receives certain electrical signals. The address line is designed to transmit from the microprocessor 33 the digital address of the RAM memory cell or external device (WU). Data is transmitted along the data highway, for example, information from the registers of microprocessor 33, to RAM, and vice versa. Control signals are sent along the control line that accompany any transfer of addresses or data. The set of conductors in the system bus 34, the nature and rules for transmitting electrical signals through them between devices are strictly regulated in accordance with a specific system interface (for example, in accordance with the Q-bus interface).

The mobile node of the mobile communication is located (see Fig. 4) in an all-metal body 49 on the chassis 50 of a light truck, while the main equipment and equipment of the node are located in the body 49, and the antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1, antenna 15 of the navigation station 13, the antenna 19 of the base station 18 trunking radio and the antenna 21 of the mobile station 20 of the mobile radio are located on the roof 51 of the car.

As a car for a mobile mobile communication station, a van with an all-metal body was used, for example, a UAZ-3162 car, mass-produced by the UAZ open joint-stock company (Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant).

In the satellite communication subscriber station 1, the input-output of the antenna system 2 is connected to the input-output of the device for separating 3 transmission and reception paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4, the output of the intermediate frequency path of which is connected to the linear input of the channelization equipment 5, linear output which is connected to the input of the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver 4, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the separation device 3 of the transmission and reception paths, the path-output of the channelization equipment 5 is connected to the first control input-output of the control unit 6. The second control input-output of the control unit 6 is connected to the first input-output of the guidance system 7, the second input-output of which is connected to the control input-output of the antenna system 2. The first and second channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8 via facsimile and telephone joints are connected respectively to the first and second channel inputs and outputs of the channelization equipment 5, the third and fourth channel inputs and outputs are connected m ISDN and RS-232 which are connected respectively to the third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of block 8 switching. The first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the ISDN and RS-232C interfaces of router 9 are connected to the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth channel inputs and outputs of switching unit 8, respectively. The ninth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver 14 of the navigation station 13. The high-frequency part of the transceiver 14 is connected to the antenna 15, and the input-output of the mobile data terminal 16 is connected to the second input-output of the transceiver 14. The tenth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 is connected to the station input-output of the automatic switch 17 channels, the first, second, third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs and outputs of the channels of the trunking radio communication base station 18 , the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna 19. The first linear input-output of the switching unit 8 is connected to the first input-output of the portable computer 10 with the possibility of switching this input-output computer Era 10 to the input-output of router 9 at the RS-232 interface. A small-sized printer 11 is connected to the port of the laptop 10. The second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8 are connected respectively to the input-output of the fax machine 12, the telephone line 22, the telephone line-in and output 24 of the system Automatic telephone exchange, inputs and outputs of wire lines 25 of communication and linear input-output of the block 26 of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the conversational devices of which is alternately, as necessary (when establishing communication, making and receiving calls, leads negotiating channels and communication lines), connected to the corresponding input-output of a portable computer 10, a mobile terminal 16 data station 13 navigation, base station 18 trunked radio and mobile station 20 mobile radio with antenna 21. Each of the n portable stations 23 mobile radio are connected to each other over the air through the antenna 19 of the base station 18 or the antenna 21 of the mobile station 20 of the mobile radio, automatically, as well as manually through the operator of the unit 26 of the workstation, the station input-output of the mobile Tanzi 20 is connected to the mobile radio telephone communications input-output of the subscriber line 22 for providing the output of telephone stations in the mobile communication network.

Connected to the switching unit 8, the channel inputs / outputs of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1, the router 9, the transceiver 14 of the navigation station 13 and the automatic switch 18 of the channels from the station side of the channel input unit 27 are connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the channel side of the switching field unit 28, which by means of the cord pairs of the block 29, the cord pairs are connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the hardware side of the switching field unit 28, which are connected to the mill ion inputs-outputs of the line input unit 30, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input-output of the portable computer 10, the input-output of the fax machine 12, the input-output of the telephone line 22 of the telephone communication, the linear input-output of the telephone system 24 of the PBX system, the inputs and outputs of the wired 25 communication lines and the input-output of the unit 26 of the workplace, while the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth inputs block 27 v outputs the water channels are the corresponding channel inputs / outputs of the switching unit 8, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of which are the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth inputs and outputs of the line input unit 30.

The inputs and outputs of the microprocessor 33 of the system unit 31 of the laptop 10 through the system bus 34 are connected respectively to the first inputs and outputs of the online memory 35, reprogrammable permanent 36 memory, keyboard controller 37, monitor adapter 38, port adapter 39, disk controller 40 and controller 41 additional devices, the second input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the modem 42. The second input-output of the adapter 38 of the monitor at the RS-232 interface are connected to the input-output odes of the display 47 with a plasma screen, and the second inputs and outputs of the adapter 39 ports at the RS-232 interface are connected to the inputs and outputs of the small-sized printer 11. System 44 software and special application software 45 are supplied on a hard disk drive 43 magnetic disk. The second inputs and outputs of the disk controller 40 are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the hard magnetic disk 43 (hard drive) and the drive 46 for connecting a flexible magnetic disk, and the inputs and outputs of the standard keyboard 48 are connected to the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller 37.

The composition of the antenna system 2 includes a reflector with an irradiating system, an antenna-waveguide path (AWT) and a slewing ring with an electric power drive. The antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1 is connected to high-frequency circuits of the device 3 for separating the transmission and reception paths. It is intended for receiving from the air and broadcasting the high-frequency signals formed by the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station 1.

The device 3 separation of the transmission and reception paths is designed to separate the high-frequency radio signals coming from the antenna system 2 and transmit them to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4, as well as to receive high-frequency signals from the output of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 4 and transmit them to the input of the antenna system 2 for radiation to ether.

Various embodiments of the transceiver 4 are possible. One of the transceiver 4 options includes a low-noise amplifier, a frequency converter and a demodulator in the receiving part, and the transmitting part of the transceiver 4 includes a modulator, a transmission frequency converter and a power amplifier [3].

The receiving part of the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station 1 carries out preliminary amplification of the received microwave signal, converting it to an intermediate frequency (usually 70 MHz) for subsequent processing in the demodulator, and the transmitting part is designed to generate the microwave signal with the specified parameters and its amplification to the required level. In this case, an intermediate frequency signal (usually 70 MHz) is generated in the modulator, modulated in frequency by the image and sound signals. To suppress unwanted combined components in the transceiver provides a double frequency conversion and operational tuning in the frequency band.

The channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1 is intended for converting information signals arriving at the station from the terrestrial network, as well as signaling information from the access control and signaling equipment, into signals of information exchange protocols adopted in this system and converting them into intermediate frequency radio signals. In the receiving path, the inverse transformation occurs.

The channelization equipment 5 may include linear equipment and a terminal equipment unit, including a digital channel processing path, a telephone channel unit, and a data transmission unit. A typical digital signal processing path consists of a modem and a computerized digital control device, as well as a speech codec. The terminal equipment block provides an interface for remote monitoring and control and an analog interface with the necessary types of user terminal equipment for transmitting voice information, fax or telex signals. The speech codec provides the conversion of an analog telephone signal into digital form during transmission and the reverse conversion at reception. The most common conversion option is adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM) at 32 kbps in accordance with ITU-R G.721 recommendations. In addition to voice information, service signaling signals transmitted via the subscriber telephone interface when establishing a connection are also converted into digital form. The considered set of station equipment provides for the organization of a duplex telephone channel provided in fixed mode or on demand. The user interface is implemented in a 2-wire subscriber version or in a 4-wire E&M type, designed for direct connection of a telephone or a private telephone exchange [3, 4].

Although the conversion described in CCITT G.728 recommendations is oriented primarily to voice transmission, it also provides transmission of facsimile messages at a speed of 1200 bit / s.

The data transmission unit of the channelization equipment 5 is equipped with a digital modem and a digital interface device with PD terminal equipment, which is used by the consumer. The interface device provides electrical and physical communication between the satellite communication station 1 and external data terminal equipment (ADF). For user convenience, the interface device is equipped with several data input-output ports and provides compatibility with various protocols. In most cases, three main types of interfaces are implemented in software or hardware: RS-449/422, V.35, RS-232. Most often in satellite data transmission networks, X.25, SNA / SDLC, TCP / IP data exchange protocols are used.

In channeling equipment 5, due to the installation of additional interface equipment, data exchange protocols with connecting the station to a local computer network are also implemented.

The channelization equipment 5, taking into account the above equipment, provides the densification and decompression of the high-frequency path formed by the intermediate-frequency path of the transceiver 4 of the satellite communication station 1, the formation of channels and the formation of standard interfaces via telephone and fax interfaces, along ISDN and RS-232 interfaces with their subsequent transfer to the corresponding channel inputs and outputs of block 8 switching.

The control unit 6 is designed to ensure the interconnected operation of the elements of the satellite communication station 1, the establishment of operating modes, information transfer rates and verification of its operability.

The guidance system 7 is designed to control the antenna system 2 of the satellite communication station 1 according to the signals received from the navigation station 13, and to adjust the angle of the antenna depending on the location of the mobile mobile communications node on the ground.

Satellite communication station 1 fully supports IPDS (Inmarsat Packet Data Service) mode. Working in this mode, the user does not pay for the connection time, but the amount of information actually transferred, which significantly reduces the cost of communication.

To enable the station 1 satellite communications in motion, a special antenna is used to track the station's orientation to the satellite when it is in motion.

The switching unit 8 is intended for receiving and operational switching, monitoring and operational verification of the included channels and communication lines.

The circuit-constructive implementation of such a block can be performed by technical solutions for a switching block, the block diagram and technical capabilities of which are described in [5].

Router 9 contains (see FIG. 2) a set of network modules, for example, the Cisco 3600 series, which are used as routers / access servers and single platforms with built-in fiber-optic modems and modems such as HDSL. Such routers can work both with each other and as a response device for DXC multifunction access nodes. Such a router makes it possible to provide not only standard services traditional for routers of this class, but also new ones associated with packet telephony and the “intelligent services” system. Router 9 includes a base unit with a control module, main channel modules and input / output modules.

Each of the modules provides the formation of digital communication and control channels, interfaces for interfacing with external equipment.

The router’s support for network modules, as well as VIC voice cards and HDV back-end voice modules (Digital Voice and Fax Packet Voice Trunk) makes it possible to provide not only standard services traditional for routers of this class, but also new ones related to packet telephony and the “ intelligent services. "

Laptop 10 can be implemented on the basis of electronic modules and computing nodes of the Baget family of computers. At the same time, the computer includes a system unit consisting of a central processor and electronic modules BT01-414, BT01-416, based on the domestic 1V578 microprocessor, ISA system bus, and specialized software supplied on a hard disk drive (HDD). The BT01-414 module is a software-controlled electronic module that implements the protocols of the physical and channel levels. This module is designed to transmit (receive) data and voice information over communication channels using standard protocols for exchanging data and voice information TAPI or in accordance with the EIA RS-232-C standard. Structurally, the module includes a microprocessor, for example, AMD-133 with a clock frequency of 80 MHz, random access memory (RAM), reprogrammable read-only memory (ROM), asynchronous RS-232 serial interface. These modules implement the combined packet data and voice information transmission, as well as relaying data streams in the form of corresponding files ”[6].

Processing control signals, polling the keyboard, generating the necessary frequencies and displaying information on the display is controlled by a central processor.

As a computer 10, a Toshiba laptop type laptop computer may also be used, comprising a system unit consisting of an Intel-type central processor, a system bus, electronic random access memory modules and reprogrammable read-only memory, a standard keyboard, and a plasma display screen, system software and special application software (STR), supplied on a hard disk drive. One of the functions of open source software is the generation of files for the modem built into the system unit. The STR also includes an SNMP manager, through the protocol of which the equipment is controlled and diagnosed. The software is designed for the Windows NT operating system and includes a utility for generating configuration files for the modem. Exchange of electronic correspondence via communication channels is carried out using the well-known mail program Internet Mail and the corresponding files in the form of a standard protocol for the RS-232 modem interface with transmission rates from 1200 to 9600 bit / s.

Small-sized printer 11 is designed for printing received messages on the communication channel. As such a printer, a Toshiba printer can be used.

Facsimile apparatus 12 is designed to transmit and receive facsimile messages on the channels of satellite communication station 1.

As a facsimile apparatus 12, a Panasonic apparatus such as the Panasonic KX-FP 88 can be used.

As a navigation station 13, an Inmarsat-S satellite mobile communications station may be used, including a TT-3022C or TT-3026L transceiver 14, a Simaq or TT-3606C Logiq MDA type mobile data terminal 15.

The compact transceiver 14 of the TT-3022C type LandMobile Capsat Transceiver of the navigation station 13 allows you to quickly and with a high degree of reliability send and receive faxes, data both to public network subscribers and to other stations of the Capsat system. The transceiver complies with the INMARSAT (CN114) and IEC 1097-4 / IEC 945 specifications.

The antenna 15 of the navigation station 13 is an Inmarsat-C / GPS omnidirectional antenna.

The navigation station 13 of the specified composition allows you to organize the exchange of data, as well as send and receive fax messages. It is characterized by high reliability, compactness and fast transfer of information between subscribers, determining the coordinates of the location of objects. It provides the ability to send data at certain time intervals or the coordinates of the location of moving objects controlled from control centers or offices.

The station has a function of "sleep" mode (activated during breaks between sending messages or determining coordinates), which allows to reduce its energy consumption and increase the duration of the mobile station’s work in stand-alone mode, that is, without using an external power source.

Stations of the Inmarsat-C system are designed for installation in light moving objects and ensure the transmission of data and telex in two directions at a low speed. A number of subscriber station standards have been developed for such stations, used for various types of mobile service. All stations of this type are equipped with receivers of the GPS navigation system, allowing to determine the geographical coordinates of the position of the object.

In addition, the navigation station 13 contains software guidance equipment, which is a specialized computer, constantly calculating the spatial position of the satellite from the initial parameters of its orbit and transmitting data to the mobile terminal 16.

The navigation station 13 is equipped with a compact omnidirectional antenna 15, which is used by the GPS receiver, which is part of the navigation station 13. The transceiver 14 is connected to a mobile data terminal 16. The navigation station 13 is compatible with a specialized program such as the Capsat Manager Program for tracking the location of an object. This Capsat Manager Program shows the location of an object on a map.

The optional GPS module (GPS receiver) of station 13 updates the receiver data in a short time, for example, in 1 s, while the module provides accuracy in determining the coordinates of a location of 15 m and accuracy in determining the speed of 0.2 m / s.

In the navigation station 13 for connecting an external user, there is a parallel RS-410 connector, a 4-bit open collector with input-output and a 2-bit input.

An automatic switch of 17 channels is a unit in which a central processor (MPC-450), a node processor (KRA-450), and several interface modules (LIA-450) for connecting trunk lines or joints with a telephone network are located.

Using LIA interface modules, transceivers and terminals can also be connected.

Access to the public telephone network and departmental telephone exchanges is possible through PIA modules. The ability to connect to the ISDN network is provided using the PID module.

The base station 18 trunking radio communication is built on the same type of modules and includes a repeater, a control unit, power supplies, a combiner, a distribution panel and a ventilation unit. As the base station trunking radio communication can be used radio station type ND-953. For the operation of base station 18, a standard frequency range of 410-430, 440-460 MHz is used.

As a portable station 20 of a mobile radio communication with antenna 21, a radio station of the type GM-1280 can be used. A station of this type contains a four-line alphanumeric display, a keypad for dialing telephone numbers on the front panel, and a built-in digital tape recorder. The station has a programmable frequency grid, dynamic regrouping and operational change of the radio station’s membership in the group of stations, an answering machine and provides the ability to transmit data, send and receive call signals, store in the memory a list of frequently used numbers and the Call in Absent list. Advanced signaling capabilities and other functionalities make this radio station suitable for use in communication systems of any complexity.

As portable stations 23 of mobile radio communication, wearable stations of land mobile radio communication GP 680 can be used. This type of station is unique in its multifunctionality. If necessary, add or exclude certain functions of the radio station, it can be programmed using the functional keyboard. The station has a 14-digit alphanumeric display with a battery discharge indicator, a radio signal intensity indicator and displaying various types of calls and caller names for incoming calls.

The station is easy to operate, has a quick call by dialing with the click of a button, a simple menu and an alphanumeric notebook with a list of contact numbers, which greatly simplifies working with it. The presence of dynamic rearrangement allows you to change the affiliation of radio stations to the talk group over the air, as well as enter group identifiers in an accessible alphanumeric form.

The call signal “in the absence” of the radio station stores the identifier of incoming calls, status and voice messages received during the absence of the subscriber, and reminds him of messages to which he did not answer.

The full frequency range of VHF / UHF (UHF / VHF) and a programmable frequency grid provides flexibility in the deployment of the system.

As such stations, the well-known VHF R-169VM radio station and portable R-169P-1 radio stations from the R-169 technical equipment complex, the composition and technical capabilities of which are described in [2], can be used.

Telephone set 24 is intended for access via local and trunk lines to local networks and long-distance telephone networks connected to 25 wired communication lines. It provides automatic dialing of subscribers and conducting telephone communications via subscriber and trunk lines to PBX stations of the local network or via communication channels formed by satellite station 1, as well as access to manual service stations of the public telephone network. As such devices can be used telephone sets of domestic production type TA-72, telephone sets of foreign production type Standard 100E.

The interfacing of a satellite communications station (SS) with a local public landline telephone network is possible both on a subscriber and trunk line. In the first case, the SS station acts as one of the subscribers of such a network, so consumers who want to use satellite communications must call the SS through the appropriate telephone exchange and, after the connection is established, transmit to it the data necessary for organizing the channel through the satellite and then over the land network to the called party.

A trunk line is a communication line through which individual telephone exchanges communicate. Coupling along the trunk means that the SS station acts as one of the switching nodes of the local terrestrial network, being, as it were, one of the exchanges of this network. For subscriber line connection, CCITT recommendations provide for an interface of type Z (Q.512). This interface also provides a two- or four-wire connection to the CC station of an external telephone or fax machine. Trunk pairing is in accordance with CCITT Q.511. An analog version of such an interface (type C) and digital (type A) are provided. For digital interfacing with a speed of 2048 kbit / s, the satellite communication station 1 contains a demultiplexer for time separation of the received group stream in order to allocate the synchronization channel and the necessary information channels, as well as a multiplexer for organizing the group stream towards the terrestrial network. The electrical characteristics of the digital interfaces satisfy the recommendations of CCITT G.703 [4].

Block 26 of the operator’s workstation is intended for connecting terminal devices to subscriber and connecting lines and communication channels of switching unit 8, making and receiving calls on them, negotiating an established communication path, as well as servicing a laptop computer 10, navigation station 13, automatic switch 17 channels, the base station 18 of mobile communications and mobile station 20 of mobile radio communications. Unit 26 of the operator’s workplace contains intercoms as part of a handset or handheld microphone with a transmission amplifier and a speaker with a reception amplifier, call devices as part of a generator and call receivers.

A mobile mobile communications node, built on the basis of these tools and organizational and technical principles, provides the following operating modes:

1) two-way voice and document exchange of information from the operator’s workstation in the parking lot and in motion along the channel of satellite communication station 1 with a group stream speed of up to 64 kbit / s;

2) two-way data exchange by sending and receiving e-mail and fax messages in the parking lot and in traffic through the channels of satellite communication station 1 and navigation station 13 with a group stream speed of up to 600 bit / s;

3) two-way exchange of information in the parking lot via wire lines 25 through stations of the local communication network and the long-distance telephone network, as well as access to the public telephone network;

4) ultra-short-wave (VHF) radio communication with mobile subscribers in a trunked mode in the network coverage area organized by the base mobile radio station 18, the mobile 20 mobile radio station and the portable 23 mobile radio station;

5) VHF radio communication in the mode of direct interpersonal radio access (conventional mode) using the means of trunked radio communication in the parking lot and on the move (official radio communication);

6) data exchange on channels and paths formed by satellite communication station 1 and trunked radio communication base station 18;

7) control from the working operator of the technical means of the mobile mobile communication station and control over their condition, as well as over the state of communication directions organized from the node.

The principles for ensuring the specified operating modes and organization schemes for information transmission paths are determined depending on the place of use in the communication system (existing communication networks and areas with undeveloped telecommunications infrastructure) and the role played by the proposed mobile mobile communications center. A mobile mobile communication node can simultaneously serve as a subscriber station of a satellite communications network, a subscriber and base station of a cellular radio network, a ground relay for these networks, a ground station interfacing with a public switched telephone network and local telephone networks.

Moreover, for each of the listed operating modes, it is possible to organize several options for establishing a connection and transmitting information.

In the communication option between the subscriber located at the central point or in the office, and the remote subscribers connected to the proposed mobile mobile communications node, an information transmission path is provided for according to the following scheme.

For a subscriber of a central point that is a subscriber of a satellite communications network, the path from his workplace to a remote subscriber passes through a ground-based (central) satellite communications station to a satellite repeater and then is transmitted over the air interface to a satellite communications subscriber station 1 located in a mobile mobile communications node. At the same time, through the channel of the satellite communication station between the subscriber of the central point and the subscriber of the mobile node, the exchange of voice and document information, data transmission and electronic correspondence can be organized.

The general algorithm of the process of making an outgoing call from a subscriber from a subscriber terminal (AT) includes, like other procedures that proceed in a similar way, the following steps:

on the random access channel (RACH) as part of the access frame, the subscriber terminal sends a request for a communication channel, after which the AT monitors the messages of the access permission channel (AGCCH) in anticipation of a response to the request;

the equipment of the satellite-relay (SR) designates the appropriate radio channel among the available resources and reports this to the subscriber terminal (AT);

in parallel with this, the satellite-relay (SR) notifies the control center (CSC) or the central controller (CC) of the system about the location of the AT;

central controller initiates authentication and encryption procedures;

after successful authentication and start of encryption, the subscriber terminal sends a message containing an indicator of the required media service, the number of the called and calling subscribers. This information is transferred to the register of temporary users of the central control center or the central office, where it is checked and the results of the verification of the AT are notified via a relay satellite;

The central control center or central controller sends a request for the assignment of a traffic channel (TC) to the repeater satellite with an indication of its parameters, based on which the SR allocates the corresponding radio frequency resource and reports AT data about it;

in response to the command, the subscriber terminal sends an acknowledgment containing the parameters of the radio interface and initiates the procedure for establishing a channel connection, after which it sends a confirmation message to the relay satellite;

having received from CP a message about the completion of the channel resource assignment process, the central control center or central controller, based on the number of the called subscriber, forms a request to the appropriate communication network for establishing a connection with the destination. Upon receipt of confirmation of establishing a connection with the called subscriber, the Central Committee sends a command to connect together with the called subscriber; the Central Committee sends a command to connect the subscriber terminal;

the subscriber terminal confirms the repeater satellite the execution of this command;

in the switched channel, information is exchanged between subscribers.

Two-way voice and documentary exchange of information from the operator’s workstation in the parking lot and on the move is carried out via the channel of satellite communication station 1 with a group stream transmission rate of up to 64 kbit / s. At the same time, voice and fax messages, computer data and data on the coordinates of moving objects can be simultaneously transmitted in a group stream.

The exchange of voice information on the channel of the satellite communication station 1 is carried out along the path, including the inputs and outputs of the portable computer 10, switching unit 8, router 9 and satellite communication station 1. In this case, the operator using the intercom devices of the unit 26 of the workstation is connected to the portable computer 10 and through it carries out two-way exchange of voice messages over the channel of the satellite communication station 1. The analog signal from the output of the handset of unit 26 of the operator’s workstation is fed to the input of a portable computer 10, in which the voice message is converted into packet data and transmitted through the switching unit 8 and router 9 to the telephone channel input of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1. From the output of the channelization equipment 5, the packetized data is transmitted to the input of the transceiver 4. In the transceiver 4, the modulator, together with the transmission frequency converter, converts the packetized data into high-frequency radio signals, which are amplified by the power amplifier to the required level and fed to the input of the antenna system through the device 3 for receiving and transmitting 2, which radiates them on the air.

In this communication network, each satellite communication subscriber station 1 constantly receives a common signaling channel (ACS) at a frequency that is rigidly fixed to this satellite network. When receiving a signal message related to a given subscriber station and determined by an identification number (assigned individually to each station), the control unit 6 of station 1 decrypts the message and generates commands in accordance with the algorithm of the system.

The call signal or the information signal from the subscriber station 1 of the satellite communication through the satellite relay on the opposite side enters the station 1 satellite communication of the zone in which the called subscriber is located. Since the data bank of the satellite communication station stores information about the zone in which the called subscriber station is located, the satellite communication station on the opposite side organizes the passage of the ringing or information signal to the corresponding subscriber directly or via terrestrial communication channels through the corresponding automatic telephone exchanges.

The router 9 through the switching unit 8 is connected between the output of the portable computer 10 and the input of the equipment 5 channel formation. In this case, the router 9 processes the addresses of all incoming data and sends the correspondingly addressed data to the other satellite communication station 1 through the repeater satellite, which is also connected to the router 9 through the channeling equipment 5. Routers 9 sort out any messages for the satellite communication station 1, which are indicated by their address code. Router 9 encodes the corresponding addresses into signals having assignments different from the first satellite communication station 1. Messages compiled by the router 9 through the satellite transceiver station 1 are sent to the addressee included in another satellite communication station.

At the same time, functions traditional for satellite communications are performed in station 1: message conversion for the purpose of error-correcting coding-decoding, modulation-demodulation, generation and processing, multiplexing and separation of transmitted radio signals, tuning of operating frequencies, switching of reception-transmission modes and nominal values of signal transmission speeds, as well as, in particular, procedures are being implemented related to providing access to the channels and resources of a satellite communication station, organizing the transmission of a bit stream, combining data in frames, blocks, bytes and packets, synchronization and organization of data exchange with user terminal equipment, conversion of codes (serial to parallel and vice versa), monitoring the state of the channel and other operations. Each packet contains a route selection code. The node receiving the data packet checks the route selection code in order to determine the possibility of using the specified node as a terminal node for this packet [7].

The information generated by router 9 is fed to the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1, where information flows are synchronized, signaling protocols are converted, a common signaling channel is formed, a signal phase shift is determined, the flows and the common signaling channel are combined into a single stream with a speed of 64 kbit / s. In the system interface of station 1, the digital stream of information coming from the channelization equipment 5 is converted into the GOST3 GOST3 joint [3].

Router 9 also determines for which network a particular message is intended and forwards it to a given network. To determine the subscriber within the network, the Node Address is used. Thus, using two addresses, you can uniquely identify any station in the integrated network and organize the exchange of data between objects located in different networks.

To determine the data transfer path between networks on routers 9, Routing Tables are built. Such tables contain a list of routes, i.e. the sequence of data transmission through routers to deliver data to the addressee. Each route contains the address of the destination network, the address of the next router and the cost of data transmission on this route. When assessing the cost, the number of intermediate routers can be taken into account, the time required to transfer data, and finally, simply the monetary cost of transmitting data over the communication line. To construct route tables, often use either the vector method (Distance Vector Method) or the statistical method (Link-State Method). When choosing the optimal route, dynamic or static methods are used.

To ensure the required connectivity of the system, i.e. the ability to provide continuous communication between subscribers located anywhere in the world, on each spacecraft (SC), relays are installed that are designed to communicate with the SC in their orbit and in neighboring orbits. At the same time, signal processing (demodulation and decoding) and their switching are carried out on a satellite repeater. Service signals (call, request, answer, etc.) are transmitted through the nearest spacecraft via feeder lines directly to the coordinating station, which, having information about all subscribers of the system and their coordinates, as well as data on free channels on all spacecraft, makes itinerary routes signals from one subscriber to another, gives a command about their switching on the spacecraft and sends a call to the called subscriber. If the called subscriber is in the radio visibility zone of another spacecraft, then the coordinating station performs the functions of a ground repeater and transmits a signal in accordance with the developed route to a neighboring spacecraft, etc. until the signal reaches the spacecraft in the area of which the called subscriber is located.

If the calling subscriber agrees to the communication, then the coordinating station assigns a channel (or channels for duplex communication) to both subscribers and performs switching, and after the end of the session, fixes the type and duration for subsequent payment and disconnects the channels. Communication between subscribers in the area of one spacecraft after switching channels is carried out directly, the coordinating station performs only control functions.

The transmission of signals in the system, as a rule, is carried out in batch mode using ATM protocols, except for duplex telephone communication, which is carried out through a permanent subscriber-to-subscriber connection, which is switched for the duration of the session.

The transmission of documentary information from the operator’s workstation via the channel of satellite communication station 1 is also carried out using a portable computer 10 and a small-sized printer 11.

By connecting the portable computer 10 to the channel of the satellite communication station 1 and transmitting information through it, the speed of file exchange can be obtained in almost real time. This ensures the transfer in one second of approximately half a page of text. When using e-mail in the station, a memory mode is also provided, the essence of which is that the received information is stored by the portable computer 10 and delivered to the correspondent at a predetermined time of the day.

Two-way data exchange by sending and receiving e-mail and fax messages in the parking lot and in traffic along the channel of the navigation station 13 with a group stream speed of up to 600 bit / s is carried out using the mobile data terminal 16. In this case, the station operator on the mobile terminal 16 types a message, which, after establishing communication with the navigation station 13 according to a known principle, is transmitted to the input of the channel of the transceiver 14. In the transceiver, the dialed message is converted into radio signals and through Ennu 15 is being broadcast.

When exchanging electronic correspondence, the algorithm of work is as follows. The mail program is launched, a message is compiled (a letter is written), the recipient’s address is indicated in the header, and a message is sent to the mail server of its provider, the so-called SMTP server (Simple Message Transfer Protocol - simple message transfer protocol). He finds on the network a node to which the required addressee is assigned, and forwards the message (letter) to him, and he sends it to the destination.

When the message (letter) arrives at the address of the mobile station connected to the public Internet, the other server of our provider - POP server (Post Office Protocol - the mail protocol) - receives the message and stores it on its hard drive until the station operator will not read it. As soon as the received message is transferred to the station computer, the server erases it at home.

In the general case, when a message (letter) is sent from the proposed mobile station, the sender’s mail server reads the domain name of the addressee’s provider and sends the message to the corresponding server. The recipient provider’s server scans its customer database and, having found the corresponding record, sends a letter to its mailbox. Mail is stored on the server until the client starts the mail program, which automatically picks up the mail and transfers it to the client (recipient) computer.

If the server cannot find a suitable client address in its database, the message is sent back with the note “recipient not found”.

When you start the e-mail program and connect to the Internet, the program automatically connects to the mail server and downloads all the mail to the station computer.

Using the Connection Server (CS), the WebPhone and WebPhone Gateway Xchange (WGX) servers can establish a connection (contact) with the other party via email, IP address and phone number. The server stores the necessary information and tracks what is currently being used. When a request is made to establish a connection to an email address, CS converts the requested mail address to an IP address and thus allows a direct connection between the calling and called subscribers. Upon receipt of a request to establish a connection by phone number, CS returns the WGX server closest to the recipient in accordance with the E.164 phone number - that is, in accordance with the country, city, and telephone exchange code. Then, the connection with the desired subscriber phone number is established through the specified WGX server. The advantage of this system (WebPhone is a telephone on the monitor screen) is that a subscriber with one click of the mouse (if there is a microphone) can make calls, organize conferences, forward and receive voice packets in real time. The Internet Gateway consists of server software, server hardware, and a WebPhone in a call center and WebPhone software on a Web user's laptop.

Communication is established by users of personal computers equipped with multimedia and (or) special software (hardware and software) tools that provide duplex telephone conversations, the necessary service and control, and are connected to the Internet. User computers can be part of a local network, have a personal address, or connect to the Internet using a modem. Digitization, compression, and packetization of the audio signal are performed by software and hardware on the sender’s computer, and the received signal is reproduced using the sound card (voice card) on the recipient’s machine. The second option involves the use of special multifunction devices built on the basis of digital signal processing processors (DSP), called DSP cards. Such a card, together with a personal computer and the corresponding software, forms a telephone gateway.

Exchange of electronic correspondence is also carried out using a portable computer 10 and a small-sized printer 11. The path for exchanging electronic correspondence includes: a small-sized printer 11, a portable computer 10, the interface input-output at the RS-232 interface of which is connected to the first linear input-output of the unit 8 switching. A digital channel formed by a satellite communication station 1 is connected to the specified input-output of the switching unit 8. When a satellite channel is connected to a portable computer 10, the signal is converted from a digital form to a standard interface at the RS-232 interface and then transferred to a portable computer 10, in which reception, processing of received data and their delivery to a small-sized printer 11 takes place print.

A broadband modem with its input-output through the RS-232 interface junction is connected to the COM port of portable computer 10 or a USB port, and the modem is connected to the communication channel by its digital input-output.

Special software uses a modem to make a call to the provider to establish a connection. When connected to the provider, computer 10 sends him the user name and password. The provider's computer identifies the user and connects him to the network [7, 8].

Since Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office are installed on the portable computer 10 of the mobile mobile communications unit, both Outlook and Outlook Express of the Windows XP operating system can be used as an email client for exchanging information [7, 8]. It allows you to effectively conduct all correspondence: receive and send mail, manage accounts, add and save file attachments, and store contact addresses.

Two-way exchange of information in the parking lot is carried out through 25 wired communication lines through stations of the local communication network and the long-distance telephone network using the telephone system of the ATS 24 system and block 26 of the operator’s workstation. At the same time, through the switching unit 8, communication is provided both by subscriber and by connecting lines from an external automatic telephone exchange. Making a call, establishing a connection and communicating on these lines are carried out according to well-known principles and algorithms.

Ultra-short-wave radio communication with mobile subscribers in a trunked mode in the network coverage area is organized using a mobile radio base station 18 with an antenna 19, a mobile 20 mobile radio station with an antenna 21, and portable 23 mobile radio stations.

Providing radio communications with mobile subscribers is carried out in several ways. The first of these is provided by leaving the telephone set of the 24th station in a mobile radio communication network organized using an automatic switch of 17 channels, a trunked radio communication base station 18 with an antenna 19, as well as with subscribers of the local telephone network of the mobile radio communication system and the telephone network of an external automatic telephone exchange . In this case, the official or operator of the station dials the subscriber number of the local telephone network or the network of the external telephone exchange. When dialing a call signal from the output of the telephone 24 through the inputs and outputs of the switching unit 8 and the automatic switch 17 of the channels is fed to one of the channels of the base station 18 trunking radio communications and is transmitted through the antenna 19. On the opposite side, in a similar mobile communication node, through the antenna 19, the radio signal enters the base station 18, where the ring signal is extracted and transmitted through the automatic switch 17 channels and switching unit 8 to the telephone 24. After hearing a call signal, the operator picks up the phone from the telephone 24 and negotiates with the caller. At the end of the negotiations, the operators put the handsets on the telephone and automatically hang up. In this case, the established path is disconnected and the stations switch to the reception mode (initial state).

The second option for providing communication through the base station 18 trunking radio communications is carried out by arranging the transit of any channel of this station to the channel of the satellite communication station 1 for the remote subscriber to enter the communication network of the central office. In this case, the path for communication is organized as follows. The channel I / O of the trunking radio base station 18 through the station input-output of the automatic switch 17 channels is connected to the tenth channel input-output of the switching unit 8 and is connected to the telephone channel of the channelization equipment 5 of the satellite communication station 1 through the second channel input-output of this unit.

Conducting telephone communication on a composite path from a local network subscriber to a subscriber located at a central point or in an office is carried out as follows. The subscriber of the local mobile radio communication network through his station by dialing the number of the called subscriber goes on the air to the base station 18 trunking radio, which receives the call and transmits it to the satellite communication station 1. In this case, the ringing signal from the output of one of the channels of the trunking radio base station 18 through the automatic switch 17 channels, the switching unit 8 and the channelization equipment 5 enters the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver 4, where the received signal is converted into a high-frequency signal, which after amplification by the power amplifier of the transceiver 4 satellite communication stations are transmitted through the device 3 of the separation of reception and transmission to the antenna 2 system and is radiated by it into the air. On the air, the ringing signal is transmitted to the repeater satellite, which identifies the called satellite ground station by the subscriber number and transmits to it the received call signal to the subscriber. On the opposite side, the call signal received by the satellite ground station is transmitted over the ground communications network to the called party. Further, communication is carried out according to the usual algorithm for a telephone network.

The third option for providing communications is that using similar trunking radio base stations 18, a communication network is organized through which subscribers can communicate with each other and access the local telephone network of the mobile radio communication system, as well as access the external automatic telephone exchange to the telephone network subscribers .

Mobile station 20 mobile with an antenna 21 connected to it and portable stations 23 with a built-in antenna are designed to provide uninterrupted radiotelephone communication to the station officials with each other and with local telephone network subscribers of the mobile radio communication system, as well as access to the telephone network subscribers of an external automatic telephone exchange . In this case, radio communication is carried out with an address call of correspondents in the network according to the well-known principle [2].

The provision of communication in motion when moving the mobile unit is carried out using the mobile station 20 of the mobile communications and antenna 21, located on the back of the van (moving object). In this case, access to the mobile communication network and radio communication with the address call of correspondents in the network is carried out.

Using the portable stations 23, communication in motion is also carried out by accessing the network and messaging.

The technical means of a mobile mobile communication station are controlled and their state, as well as the state of organized communication directions, is carried out by the operator using the workstation unit 26 and laptop computer 10. Information on the status of satellite communication station 1, navigation station 13, automatic 17 switches channels, base station 18 trunked radio, transportable station 20 mobile radio through the block 8 switching is constantly supplied (not shown) to the input of a portable computer 1 0, in which the received information after processing is stored and periodically displayed on the display of the computer 10. In the event that the computer 10 receives information about the emergency condition of any of the monitored means of the mobile node, an alarm is automatically activated to attract the attention of the operator.

The technical efficiency of the proposed mobile mobile communications node is to enable collaboration between subscribers of various mobile networks created by dissimilar means of communication, while improving the speed of establishing a connection between them.

The increase in efficiency is achieved by providing direct transmission of voice and documentary information directly from the workplaces of officials both through the channels of satellite communication station 1 and via cellular radio communication channels formed by trunking station 18, transportable mobile radio station 20 and portable stations 23. When In this process, it was determined that the connection establishment time was reduced from 5-6 to 1.5-2 s - when working on direct communication channels and from 60-90 to 15-30 s - when working on composite paths, then st 3-4 times compared to the prototype.

The proposed mobile mobile node is multifunctional. It can be used to reserve the channels of the main networks, ensure functioning in the absence of telecommunication infrastructure and emergencies in the absence of access to the main communication channels, build capacity in the interests of mobile subscribers by organizing a communication network with their own radio facilities and interfacing with existing communication networks of various ministries and departments with the provision of facsimile transmission (reception) via organized channels of two-way telephone communication GOVERNMENTAL communications, documentation, and data on the location of mobile objects in real time. All this helps to expand the functionality of the proposed mobile mobile node.

In addition, the advantage of the proposed mobile node mobile communications is to protect the transmitted information from interception and the introduction into the communication channels of false information. This is done by encoding information in the process of its transmission and input into the communication channel, which helps to increase the reliability of the transmission (reception) of information and the reliability of communication.

A positive factor of the proposed mobile mobile communications node is also the provision of high-quality duplex communication of subscribers in the exchange of electronic correspondence between similar stations.

The proposed mobile mobile communications node has passed the pilot test and showed high quality work. The proposal opens up new possibilities for the transmission and reception of voice and documentary information using general-purpose equipment, which simplifies and reduces the cost of the process and can serve as an optimal solution when restoring the main communication networks in case of their violation and ensuring the interaction of subscribers of heterogeneous mobile communication networks, allowing the user to use only the same channels for transmitting computer data, facsimile messages and for voice communications.

Information sources

1. RU, patent No. 2133555, class. H 04, 7/185, 1999.

2. A set of technical means of mobile radio communications R-169. OJSC "Ryazan Radio Plant".

3. Satellite Communications and Broadcasting: A Guide. - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. / V.A. Bartenev, G.V. Bolotov, V.L. Bykov, and others; Ed. L.Ya. Kantora. - M .: Radio and communications, 1997, p. 419 (prototype).

4. Ivanova T.I. Subscriber terminals and computer telephony. - M .: Eco-Trends, 1999.

5. Military switching systems and telephony. B.A. Gordienko, V.N. Filippov, L.P. Scherbina / Ed. B.A. Gordienko. - L .: YOU, 1984.

6. The family of computers "Baguette". - M .: KB "Corund-M", PO Box 10.

7. Figurnov V.E. IBM PC for the user. Ed. 6th rev. and add. - M .: INFRA-M, 1996.

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Claims (4)

1. A mobile mobile communications unit comprising a satellite communications subscriber station, consisting of an antenna system, a device for separating transmission and reception paths, a transceiver, channelization equipment, a control unit for operating modes of elements of a satellite communications subscriber station, and an antenna system guidance system, with input / output the antenna system is connected to the input-output of the device for separating the transmission and reception paths, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver, the output of the the daily frequency of which is connected to the linear input of the channelization equipment, the linear output of which is connected to the input of the intermediate frequency path of the transceiver, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the separation device for the transmission and reception paths, the control input-output of the channelization equipment is connected to the first control input-output of the control unit operating modes of elements of a subscriber station of satellite communication, the second control input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of the system topics of pointing the antenna system, the second input-output of which is connected to the control input-output of the antenna system, characterized in that it includes a switching unit, router, laptop computer, small-sized printer, fax machine, navigation station, consisting of a transceiver, antenna and mobile data terminal, as well as an automatic channel commutator, a trunked radio communication base station with an antenna, a mobile radio communication station with an antenna, a telephone subscriber line, n portable of mobile radio communications, a telephone system of the automatic telephone exchange system, wired communication lines and an operator’s workstation unit, the first channel input-output of channelization equipment being connected by facsimile connection to the first channel input-output of the switching unit, the second channel input-output of which is connected via telephone line to the second channel input-output of channelization equipment, the third and fourth channel input-outputs of which are connected at the joints of ISDN and RS-232, respectively, to the third and fourth channel input-output switching unit, the first and second inputs and outputs at the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs at the joints of the ISDN and RS-232C of the router are connected respectively to the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, whose ninth channel input-output is at the RS-232 interface it is connected to the first input-output of the transceiver of the navigation station, the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna, and the input-output of the mobile data terminal and the tenth channel input-output of the unit are connected to the second input-output of the transceiver switching is connected to the station input-output of the automatic channel commutator, the first linear input-output of the switching unit is connected to the first input-output of the portable computer with the ability to switch this computer input-output to the input-output of the router at the RS-232 interface, second, third, fourth , the fifth and sixth line inputs and outputs of the switching unit are connected respectively to the input-output of the fax machine, the input-output of the telephone subscriber line, the linear input-output of the telephone system of the AT system the inputs and outputs of the wired communication lines and the linear input-output of a block of the operator’s workstation, the input-output of the conversational devices of which is alternately, as necessary, connected to the corresponding input-output of a portable computer, mobile data terminal of a navigation station, a trunked radio communication base station and a mobile mobile radio stations, the first, second, third and fourth channel inputs and outputs of the automatic channel commutator are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs -output of the base station trunking radio channels, handheld mobile radio stations interconnected over the air through an antenna of the base station or trunking radio transportable mobile radio station automatically, or manually through operator workstation unit. 2. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure full access to the channels and communication lines, the switching unit of the mobile mobile node contains a channel input unit, a switching field unit, a cord unit and a line input unit, the first, second, third and the fourth channel inputs and outputs for the corresponding facsimile, telephone, ISDN and RS-232 interfaces of the channeling equipment, the first and second inputs and outputs for the Ethernet interface, the third and fourth inputs and outputs for the joints of the ISDN and RS-232C router, the channel input-output reception the transmitter of the navigation station and the station input-output of the automatic channel commutator through the channel input unit of the switching unit are connected to the corresponding switching sockets of the station side of the switching field unit, which are connected to the switching sockets of the line side of the switching field unit by cord lines of the cord unit, which are connected to the station input-outputs line input unit, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input-output of a portable computer, input-output of a fax machine, input-output of a subscriber telephone line, linear input-output of a telephone system of the telephone exchange, input-output of wired communication lines and input-output of a workstation unit, while the first The second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth inputs and outputs of the channel input unit are the corresponding channel inputs and outputs of the switching unit, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth linear inputs the mi-outputs of which are, respectively, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth inputs and outputs of the line input unit. 3. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that the portable computer contains a system unit consisting of a motherboard on which a microprocessor, system bus, random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory device and keyboard controller, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, controller of additional devices, the input-output of which is connected to the input-output of the modem built into the system unit, a hard magnetic disk, a drive for connecting a flexible about a magnetic disk, system software and application software supplied on a hard disk drive, and also contains a display with a plasma screen and a standard keyboard, and the inputs / outputs of the central processor are connected via inputs to the inputs / outputs of random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, keyboard controller and accessory controller c, the second inputs and outputs of the monitor adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of the display with a plasma screen, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of a small-sized printer, the second inputs and outputs of the disk controller are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive and the hard magnetic disk, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller are connected to the inputs and outputs of the keyboard. 4. The mobile node according to claim 1, characterized in that, to enable the mobile node of the mobile communications in motion and its quick delivery to the places of use, its equipment and apparatus are placed in an all-metal body on the chassis of a light truck, while the main equipment and the site’s equipment is located in the back, and the antenna system of the satellite communications station, the antenna of the navigation station, the antenna of the base station of the trunked radio communication, and the antenna of the mobile radio station are located in above the car.

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