RU2340863C1 - Signal and illumination ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns area of military technics, to an ammunition of nonlethal action, namely to the signal-illumination mines intended for the alarm system about occurrence of the opponent and illumination of district on an installation site. The ammunition case is executed with the central axial aperture for installation of a pushing out charge of a detonator. The propelling and illumination charges are located in case apertures on a circle round the central axial aperture. The involvement knot of the propelling charges is executed in the form of the basis with ring cavity with the branches which quantity corresponds to quantity of lighting charges. The ring cavity is filled with decelerating pyrotechnic structure. The pushing out charge of a detonator through the decelerators initiates propelling and illumination charges. The invention provides increase of efficiency and reliability of involvement of lighting charges, and also increase of convenience of operation and maintenance of flaming security at ammunition operation.

EFFECT: increase of efficiency and reliability of involvement of lighting charges, and also increase of convenience of operation and maintenance of flaming security at ammunition operation.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, to non-lethal ammunition, namely to signal-lighting mines, designed to signal the appearance of the enemy and to illuminate the terrain at the site of installation of the mine.

Known signal-lighting ammunition (US patent No. 4976201 published 11.12.90,).

The ammunition consists of a housing in which the main pyrotechnic composition is located to provide light and sound effects and a fuse, between which there is a knockout charge separated from the pyrotechnic composition by a diaphragm having a central opening filled with a retarding composition.

The disadvantage of this ammunition is the presence of only one lighting charge, which reduces the lighting time.

Known cluster signal-lighting ammunition (US patent No. 5359918 published 01.11.94,).

Ammunition is a multi-level cassette frame. The cassette consists of three tubes arranged in a row. In each tube there is a lighting, igniter and buoyant charges. The repulsive charge is activated by an electric igniter.

The disadvantage of this charge is the presence of an electronic ignition and delay circuit.

Also known signal-lighting ammunition (French patent No. 2353825 published 03.02.78,), selected as a prototype of the claimed, because is the closest analogue to the problem being solved and the number of similar features.

The ammunition includes a case in the form of a sleeve, inside which a series of lighting charges are placed one after the other along the axis of the ammunition, each lighting charge has a knockout charge to eject the previous lighting charge, placed underneath it, a unit for successively activating knockout charges and an ejection fuse mounted along the axis of the ammunition, which is connected by a fire chain to an expelling charge, which is triggered in the first place. The knot of sequential activation of expelling charges is a sequential chain of devices providing, with a given time delay, the ignition of the subsequent expelling charge.

The disadvantages of this signal-lighting ammunition is the sequential placement of lighting charges in the same housing one above the other with a time delay device, which leads to an increase in the length of the housing and a decrease in the reliability of operation due to an increase in the number of elements of the firing chain.

The challenge in this technical field is the development of signal-lighting ammunition, which allows to signal the appearance of the enemy and for a long time to illuminate the place of installation of the ammunition after its operation.

The technical result of the claimed signal-lighting ammunition is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the use of lighting charges.

Additional technical results that can be obtained by using the claimed invention are to increase the usability by reducing the overall characteristics and ensuring fire safety when the munition is triggered.

The claimed claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a known signal-lighting munition, including a housing with lighting installed therein and corresponding to them expelling charges, an ejection charge of the fuse placed along the axis of the munition and connected by a fire chain directly to the expelling charge, triggered in the first place, and the knot of sequential activation of knock-out charges, new is that lighting and corresponding knock-out charges are placed They are around the circumference around the ejection charge of the fuse in the openings of the casing made for this. The knot of sequential activation of expelling charges is a base, on one side of which an annular groove is made with branches, the number of which corresponds to the number of lighting charges, and the other side adjacent to the end of the housing from the side of exposing expelling charges. Through-openings are made at the end sections of the branches, coaxially with the openings of the housing, where the expelling and lighting charges are installed. The sections of the branches adjacent to the annular groove, in addition to the section that transfers the fire pulse to the expelling charge, which is primarily triggered, are larger than their end sections and are equipped with transfer charges made of a pyrotechnic composition, and the annular groove is filled with a retardant pyrotechnic composition. The firing circuit connecting the firing charge of the fuse and the expelling charge, which is triggered in the first place, additionally contains a section with retarding pyrotechnic composition, and the transfer charges, in addition to the charge transmitting the firing impulse to the expelling charge, which is fired primarily, are made less than the height of the retarding the composition of the annular groove.

The placement of lighting and corresponding knock-out charges around the circumference around the ejection charge of the fuse in the openings made for this purpose allows optimizing the dimensions, i.e. beneficial use of ammunition shell volume. In addition, this arrangement leads to the same launch height for all charges, which increases work efficiency by obtaining stable lighting of the ammunition installation site for a certain time. In addition to efficiency, the same height of the launch of lighting charges allows you to increase fire safety when munitions are triggered by eliminating the incidence of burning lighting charges on the ground. It should also be noted that this arrangement of charges leads to a significant increase in the reliability of the ammunition due to the autonomy of each of the lighting charges, when the failure of any of them does not cause the failure of the rest. The implementation of the holes in the solid ammunition housing for the placement of charges allows you to separate the lighting charges from each other, providing each individual channel for firing, which increases the reliability of the munition as a whole.

The execution of the knot of sequential use of expelling charges in the form of a base, on one side of which an annular groove is made with branches, the number of which corresponds to the number of lighting charges, allows you to separate the activation of charges, which leads to the autonomy of each charge and increases the reliability of the munition. The implementation of the sequential engagement unit in the form of a base separates the process of equipping it and the ammunition body, which increases the manufacturing safety and allows you to upgrade the sequential engagement unit to increase the effectiveness of the ammunition. The annular groove allows you to perform the above arrangement of ammunition and to achieve uniformity of response of lighting charges, which increases efficiency.

The adjacency of the base to the end of the case from the side of the placement of knockout charges with the side opposite the annular groove allows you to protect the knockout charges from premature operation during the passage of the fire pulse through the annular groove and protect them from combustion products, which increases the reliability and efficiency of ammunition.

The implementation of through holes at the end sections of the branches coaxially with the openings of the housing for installing lighting and knockout charges allows for the shortest way to reliably transmit a fire pulse to each knockout separately, which increases the overall performance of the ammunition.

The execution of the sections of the branches, in addition to the section that transfers the fire pulse to the expelling charge, which is triggered primarily adjacent to the annular groove, larger than their end sections, improves the combustion conditions of the pyrotechnic composition located in the transition zones of the annular groove into the branches due to direct contact of the compositions annular grooves and branches, which leads to an increase in the reliability and efficiency of ammunition.

Filling the annular groove with a retardant pyrotechnic composition allows to achieve a certain uniformity in the operation of expelling charges, and supplying branches with transfer charges makes it possible to reliably transfer the fire pulse from the retarding composition of the annular track to expelling charges, which leads to the effective operation of the ammunition.

Placing a retardant pyrotechnic composition in the section of the firing circuit connecting the fuse ejection charge and the expelling charge, which is triggered in the first place, eliminates the possibility of interference arising from the fuse body shooting up after it fires, by providing a delay between the operation of the fuse ejection charge and the first lighting charge, which significantly increases the effectiveness of the ammunition.

The implementation of transfer charges, in addition to the charge that transfers the fire pulse to the expelling charge, which is triggered primarily by a height less than the height of the retardant composition of the annular groove, improves the combustion conditions of the transfer charges, which increases the reliability of the transfer of the fire impulse from the retardant composition of the annular groove to the expelling charge, which again increases the effectiveness of the ammunition.

Figure 1 schematically shows a signal-lighting ammunition.

Figure 2 shows a cross section of a signal-lighting ammunition.

Figure 3 shows a cross section of a sequential activation knockout charges.

Where

1 - housing;

2 - lighting charge;

3 - kick charge;

4 - base;

5 - retarding composition;

6 - buoyant fuse;

7 - annular groove;

8 - branches;

9 - transfer charge;

10 - through holes of the end sections of the branches.

An example of the implementation of the claimed device can serve as a signal-lighting ammunition for a signal-lighting mine. The munition contains a steel casing that has six through holes located uniformly in outer diameter around a central through hole. In the central hole there is a buoyant fuse charge, and the rest are equipped with expelling and lighting charges. The lighting charge is a sleeve with a pyrotechnic lighting composition based on barium nitrate and aluminum. The expelling charge is a sleeve filled with gunpowder. Each hole represents a channel from which a lighting charge rushes by a blowing charge to a height of ~ 50 m. A base is fixed to the body, in which an annular groove with six branches is made. The sections of the branches adjacent to the annular groove, except for the section that transfers the fire pulse to the expelling charge, which is primarily triggered, are made of the same width as the annular groove, and the end sections of the branches are made smaller by 1 mm. Through-openings are made at the terminal sections of the branches, coaxially with the openings of the housing for installing expelling and lighting charges.

The annular groove is completely filled with a pyrotechnic retarding composition, the burning rate of which is selected so that the difference between the shots of the lighting charges is equal to the burning time of the lighting charge (approximately 5 s).

The sections of the branches adjacent to the annular groove are equipped with transfer charges made of igniter pyrotechnic composition. The transfer charges are made of a lower height (by 1 mm) than the height of the retarding composition in the annular groove, except for the charge transmitting the fire pulse to the expelling charge that is fired first.

The firing chain connecting the ejection charge of the fuse and the expelling charge, which is triggered in the first place, contains a section with the same retarding pyrotechnic composition as in the annular groove.

The inventive device operates as follows.

When a mine is fired, the firing charge of the fuse 6 is activated, setting fire to the retardant composition 5, which enters the fire chain connecting the fuse 6 and the expelling charge 3, which is fired first, and that is the retardant composition of the annular groove 7 of the base 4. As the retardant composition burns, the annular of the groove 7, the transfer of the fire pulse to the other five branches 8 of the annular groove 7 takes place, using the transfer charges 9 installed in them. When the charge of the transfer 9 is activated through the through hole After the end charge of branches 10, the fire pulse is transmitted to the knockout charges 3, after which the lighting charges 2 are shot from the housing 1. After the first charge is shot, the lighting, retarding composition of the ring groove 7 continues to burn and the remaining five are sequentially shot at intervals of 5 seconds lighting charges 2. The glow time of each lighting charge is ≈7 s, that is, a constant glow is provided. The sound effect is accompanied by the firing of fuse 6 and each of the firing charges of lighting 2. The height of the departure of charges of lighting 2 is approximately 50 m. Thus, the terrain is illuminated for> 30 seconds. In order to ensure fire safety, the lighting charge 2 is made in such a way that its combustion occurs only in flight.

The effectiveness of the claimed ammunition consists in sound and light alarms, warning about the appearance of a likely enemy and in uniform illumination of the area both in daylight and in the dark for at least 30 s, and the required reliability of the operation of the ammunition, obtained by preliminary calculation, was confirmed by the results tests. It should also be noted that the claimed ammunition in comparison with the prototype has small overall characteristics, which significantly increases the convenience in operation and use.

Claims (1)

Signal-lighting ammunition, including a housing with expelling and lighting charges installed in it, ejecting the fuse charge installed along the axis of the ordnance, and a unit for successively activating expelling charges, with an expelling charge placed under each lighting charge, and the fuse with a fire chain directly connected to the expelling charge acting first, characterized in that the lighting and knockout charges are placed around the circumference, in the holes made for this case, the node In order to activate the expelling charges, it is made in the form of a base, on one side of which an annular groove is made with branches, the number of which corresponds to the number of lighting charges, and the other side adjacent to the end face of the housing from the placement of expulsion charges, while through holes are made through holes in the end sections of the branches cases for installing expelling and lighting charges, and sections of branches adjacent to the annular groove, except for the section transmitting the fire pulse the first fire firing, made with a size larger than the size of their end sections and equipped with transfer charges made of pyrotechnic composition, while the annular groove is filled with a retarding pyrotechnic composition, the firing circuit connecting the fuse ejection charge and the expelling first firing charge, further comprises a section with a retarding pyrotechnic composition, and the transfer charges, except for the charge transmitting the fire pulse to the expelling charge, which is the first to fire, enes height less than the height of the annular groove zamedlitelnogo composition.

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