RU2024223C1 - Pollen trap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apiculture. SUBSTANCE: trap body is provided with an additional inclined plate near the bee entrance and a set of gates in a recess in the rear part of the of the side walls of the body back wall. The roof is detachable, and it has a flanging at the body back wall mounted for motion on the top end-face part of the body to form a slot 8-15 mm in width between the back wall surface and the roof flanging. The pollen trap grit is detachable, and it may be fully covering the front body part or it may have a recess in its bottom part sized 8-10 mm. The receiving tray is detachable. It is mounted on flexible holders, and the tray bottom has ventilation holes. EFFECT: higher labor efficiency in taking pollen. 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to beekeeping and can be used as an apiary pollen collector mounted on a beehive for collecting pollen (pollen) from bees.

 Known apiary pollen collector containing a housing with a roof, pollen sampling grill and tray for pollen.

 A disadvantage of the known dust collector is the inconvenience of working with it, associated with the imperfection of its constructive implementation.

 Also known is an apiary dust collector comprising a housing with a roof, a dust collecting grill and a receiving tray, a prototype.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the non-optimality of the implementation of the main structural elements of the dust collector, leading to the inability to ensure maximum productivity of the beekeeper in the selection of pollen from bees.

 The purpose of the invention is the improvement and optimization of the implementation of the main structural elements of the dust collector, predetermining an increase in the productivity of the beekeeper in the selection of pollen.

The goal is achieved in that in the proposed dust collector comprising a housing with a cover, a dust collection grill and a receiving tray, the housing is additionally equipped with a pre-clearance inclined plate and a set of passenger valves located in a groove made on the back of the side walls and the rear wall of the housing so that the length l ₁ groove is selected with respect to the depth h _{1 of the} groove within 6.7 ≅ l ₁ / h ₁ ≅ 16. The length l _{2 of the} pre-launch plate is selected with respect to l ₁ within 0.15 ≅ l ₂ / l ₁ ≅ ≅1 , 4, and the angle of inclination α of the pre-launch plate to the bottom of the building sa is selected in the range ^of 135 ≅ α ≅ ^about 165. The cover is removable and flanged at the rear wall of the building with a height of h ₂ selected with respect to the width l _{3 of the} roof within 0.12 ≅ h ₂ / l ₃ ≅ ≅ 0.55, and also with the possibility of moving along the upper end part of the casing with the formation of a gap of a width of 8-15 mm between the plane of the rear wall of the housing and the flanging of the cover. The dust collecting grate is removable and bivariate, in one of which it is made completely covering the front of the housing, and in the other it is made with a recess in its lower part in the range of 8-10 mm. The diameter d of the holes of the lattice is made in relation to the distance l ₄ between the centers of the holes in the range of 0.62 ≅ d / l ₄ ≅ ,8 0.83. The receiving tray is removable on elastic squeeze holders. Vent holes are made in the bottom of the tray, the total area S _{1 of} which is selected with respect to the area S _{2 of the} bottom of the tray within 0.65 ≅ S ₁ / S ₂ ≅ 0.95.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows an apiary pollen collector; in FIG. 2 - dust collector mounted on the wall of the hive, cross section.

 The apiary dust collector 1 comprises a housing 2 with a roof 3, a dust collecting grill 4 and a receiving tray 5. The housing 2 is additionally equipped with a pre-clearance inclined plate 6 and a set of gate valves 7 located in the groove 8.

The groove 8 is made on the back of the side walls 9 and the rear wall 10 of the housing so that the length l _{1 of the} groove is selected with respect to the depth h _{1 of the} groove 8 within 6.7 ≅ l ₁ / h ₁ ≅16.

 The set of passenger valves 7 includes an anti-rotation valve, which provides the possibility of free passage through it of working bees and the inability to exit the hive of the queen bee. The transport valves that go into this kit do not allow any member of the bee family to leave the hive during transportation of the hive from one place of honey collection to another. However, transportation valves provide reliable ventilation of the hive through its notch during transportation by the bee family.

The length l _{2 of the} pre-launch plate 6 is selected with respect to l ₁ within 0.15 ≅ ≅l ₂ / l ₁ ≅1.4, and the angle of inclination α of the pre-launch plate 6 to the bottom 11 of building 2 is selected within 135 ^o ≅ α ≅ 165 ^about . The cover 3 is removable and flanged 12 (pos. Not shown) at the rear wall 10 of the housing 2 with a height of h ₂ selected with respect to the width l _{3 of the} roof within 0.12 ≅ h ₂ / l ₃ ≅ 0.55. The roof 3 is made with the possibility of moving along the upper end part of the housing, formed by its side walls 9 and the rear wall 10. When moving the roof 3, it is advisable to form a gap 8-15 mm wide between the plane of the rear wall 10 of the housing and the flanging 12 of the roof 3 to form an additional unhindered exit bees with their excessive accumulation in the pollen-selector area.

The dust sampling grill 4 is removable and bivariate, in one of which it is made completely covering the front of the housing 2, and in the other with a recess 13 in its lower part with a height of h ₃ within 8-10 mm. The recess 13 in the pollen sampling grid is used to facilitate the exit of bees from the dust collector and the entry of bees into it with a large accumulation of bees during their active summer. The diameter d of the holes 14 in the pollen sampling grid is made with respect to the distance l ₄ between the centers of the holes within 0.62 ≅ d / l ₄ ≅ ,8 0.83.

The receiving tray 5 is removable on the elastic squeeze holders 15. In the bottom 16 of the tray 5 there are ventilation holes 17, the total area S _{1 of} which is selected with respect to the area S _{2 of the} bottom 16 of the tray within 0.65 ≅ S ₁ / S ₂ ≅ 0, 95.

 To get pollen (scraps) into tray 5, taken from the arriving bees by the grating 4, holes 18 of 1-3 mm width are made in the bottom 11 of the housing 2. For unhindered exit of the drones from the hive through the dust collector on the dust collector grill 4 made pipes 19.

 To illustrate the use of the dust collector in FIG. Figure 2 schematically depicts a dust collector located on the wall 20 of the hive with a flyway 21 and a pre-beam bar 22. When attaching the dust collector to the hive and removing it from the hive, no changes in other structural elements are necessary, for example, it is not necessary to remove the pre-launch bar 22. The 23 flyway holder the valve 7 allows you to easily move the valve along the air gap 21, while fixing it in any necessary position relative to the gap 21.

 Thus, an increase in the productivity of beekeeping in the collection of pollen is achieved only with the interconnected inextricable use of all the essential features reflected in the claims. This is proved by the following results of experimental studies, static processing, analysis and generalization of which also made it possible to determine the boundary values of the limits indicated in the claims (see table). In the optimal embodiment of the proposed device (option 1), the ratio of pollen collection performance using the proposed pollen sampler to the prototype pollen sampler (parameter ε), studied at the same time, under the same conditions on the same bee families, was found to be 1.10 -1.18, i.e., the pollen collection performance using the proposed pollen sampler was 10-18% higher.

 The limiting values of the parameters indicated in the claims were statistically determined from the condition of approaching the pollen collection productivity using the proposed device and prototype (options 2 and 3, ε - >> 1). Going beyond the limit values makes it impossible to achieve the goal (options 4 and 5, ε <1). The remaining versions of the table show that the goal is achieved only when finding the values of the parameters characterizing the main design features, inside and on the border of the declared limits, and is not achieved when any of the parameters goes beyond the stated limits reflected in the claims.

 It should be noted that when choosing the optimal structural relationships and their limiting values, not only the behavior of individual bees was taken into account, but also their collective interaction during the mass exit from the hive to collect pollen and honey. This, along with the above advantages, made it possible to additionally provide the following advantages of the dust collector: collapsible nature, the possibility of being permanently on the hive in the absence of the need to collect pollen, maintaining the ventilation conditions of the hive, and its high ergonomic data.

Claims (1)

PESECNY DUST BAG, containing a housing with a roof, a pollen box with ventilation holes in the bottom of the dust collecting grill located in front of the housing, and a pre-clearance plate attached to the housing, characterized in that it is equipped with a flight gate valve installed in a groove installed along the length of the rear wall the housing and the side walls, wherein predletkovaya plate is attached to the housing bottom at an angle of 135 - 165 ^o, and a roof provided with eyelet is mounted for horizontal movement of the housing with the formation of the gap between its rear wall and a flange of 8-15 mm, the dust collecting grill is completely covering the front of the housing or with a notch along the length in its lower part of a height of 8-10 mm, the pollen box is mounted on elastic squeezing holders, the roof, the dust collecting grate and the pollen box are removable, and the ratio of the sizes of the groove, the pre-launch plate, the roof and the ventilation holes are within the following limits:
6,7 ≅

≅ 16;
0.15 ≅

≅ 1.4;
0,12 ≅

≅ 0.55;
0.62 ≅

≅ 0.83;
0.65 ≅

≅ 0.95,
where l ₁ is the length of the groove;
h ₁ is the depth of the groove;
l ₂ is the length of the pre-launch plate;
h ₂ - flanging height;
l ₃ - the width of the roof;
d is the diameter of the holes of the lattice;
l ₄ - the distance between the centers of the holes;
S ₁ is the total area of the holes;
S ₂ - the area of the bottom of the box for pollen.

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