RU200386U1 - TWO-AXLE SADDLE TRACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, namely, to vehicles designed for the transportation of bulky and heavy loads. The two-axle semitrailer tractor is made with a 4x2 wheel arrangement, contains a chassis, a folding cab (1) with a berth, under which an engine is located, a frame (2) formed by spars and cross members with front and rear overhangs, a variable gear box (3), a front axle (4), rear axle (5), front suspension (6) and rear suspension (7), where the front suspension is made with a small leaf spring, and the rear suspension is pneumatic. On the cab (1) there is an aerodynamic fairing (9), adjustable in the rear, made trapezoidal in plan, which is fixed to the cab at an inclination in its front and rear parts by means of a bolted connection. Under the engine (2) and under the gearbox (3) of variable gears, as well as along the engine on both its sides, there is a thermal noise insulation screen (10). Frame 2 is made of variable width, with an extension towards the cabin and a decrease in the rear part, in the front part of which there is a tow bar with holes for the installation of towing devices, to which a cladding panel (11) with headlights, an additional step (12) are mounted, and inside frame (2) between the variable gearbox (3) and the rear axle (5) a cardan gear (13) is installed, consisting of one cardan shaft. There are also brake chambers (14) with brake accumulators located in the upper part of the driving axles inside the frame (2). In addition, the truck tractor contains an air intake (16), which is located on the right rear on the cab (1), an air cleaner (17), located on the right of the frame (2), a storage box (18) on the left on the frame (2), a tank ( 19) for neutralizing liquid, installed on the right on the frame (2), eight receivers (20), and the unit of two receivers is installed on the rear overhang. In the rear part of the frame (2) on both sides there are wheel chocks (21). In addition, on the frame (2) on the left, there is an exhaust gas silencer (22) with an exhaust pipe directed downwards, which is closed by a modular platform (23) with an integrated ladder and handrail (24), also on the frame (2) on the left using a spare wheel holder (25) is equipped with a spare wheel (26) with fixing and fastening elements. In this case, a fuel tank (27) with a multifunctional intake device (28) and a filtration system (29) of accumulated fuel vapors when gases are vented into the atmosphere is installed on the frame (2) on the right side. Between the front axle (4) and the rear axle (5) on the frame (2) through a profiled base with brackets, a fifth wheel coupling (30) is installed, which has the ability to turn back and forth, left and right. The fifth wheel axle (30) is offset from the rear axle (5). The task was solved, which made it possible to ensure the reduction of noise and vibrations. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, namely, to vehicles designed for the transportation of bulky and heavy loads.

A known two-axle all-wheel drive car, made with a chassis containing a folding cab, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, made of spars and cross members with an extension towards the cab, a gearbox, a cardan transmission, a front suspension and a rear spring suspension having anti-roll bar, steering, the steering mechanism of which is fixed on the bracket on the left side of the frame, while the bipod of the steering mechanism is installed between the said bracket and the frame, brake chambers, a muffler with an exhaust pipe, contains a fifth wheel, its front suspension is made of spring, and the rear one is equipped with an additional spring, while an internal amplifier is installed in the middle part of the frame, and the frame side members have a constant cross-section (see utility model patent No. 146875 U1, IPC B62D 61/10 (2006.01), published on 20.10.2014).

Known three-axle automobile chassis with a wheel arrangement of 6x6, containing a folding cab, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and elongated rear overhangs, made of spars and crossbars with expansion towards the cab, an air cleaner, an air intake, a battery box, receivers, a fuel tank, a safety bar installed at the rear of the frame, a muffler with an exhaust pipe, a metering pump, contains a tank of neutralizing liquid installed on the right side of the frame, a noise barrier located behind the cab above the engine, while the air intake is fixed on the rear of the cab, the air cleaner is on the right side of the frame, battery box - on the left on the frame, and on the right between the first and second frame axles there is a muffler with an exhaust pipe directed downward and into the car (see utility model patent No. 171283U1, IPC B62D 21/00 (2006.01), V60K 13/04 (2006.01), F01N 1/00 (2006.01), published May 29, 2017).

Known four-axle cross-country vehicle chassis with two front steerable axles, containing a folding cab, under which the engine is located, a frame of spars and cross members, made with an extension towards the cab and with a reduced width in the rear, an air intake, an air cleaner, a muffler installed vertically behind a cab, with an upward exhaust pipe, a receiver located inside the frame and a receiver unit located on the frame on the right, a battery box and a fuel tank located on the frame on the left, a spare wheel, a transfer case connecting the gearbox to the drive axles with additional cardan shafts, while the wheels are made with single-tire tires, in addition, the muffler is installed behind the cab on the left, and the spare wheel is installed vertically on the right, a second fuel tank is installed in the middle part of the frame on the right, and a battery box is installed on the left in front of the fuel tank, under which the unit is located receiver s (see. utility model patent No. 100485 U1, IPC B62D 61/10 (2006.01), published on 20.12.2010).

It is known a two-axle automobile chassis, made with a wheel arrangement of 4 × 2, containing a folding cabin, under which an engine is located, a front and rear axle, a frame equipped with a safety bar, an air intake fixed to the right of the rear cab, an air cleaner connected to it, a battery box mounted on the right side of the frame behind the cab, a silencer-neutralizer with an outlet pipe located on the left of the frame, a block of receivers attached to the right and left on the frame side members, a fuel tank attached to the front of the frame on the left, a towing hitch attached to the rear frame, noise barrier located behind the cab, tank with neutralizing liquid, spare wheel located in the middle of the frame on the right, equipped with a neutralization system, including an exhaust gas temperature sensor and a nitrogen oxide sensor located on the left side of the frame, while the silencer-neutralizer contains reduction catalyst (see utility patent mod spruce No. 188657 U1, IPC B62D 61/00 (2006.01), B62D 21/10 (2006.01), B62D 63/02 (2006.01), published on 18.04.2019).

Known low-frame chassis of a delivery vehicle with soundproof screens, made with a wheel arrangement of 4 × 2, containing a folding two-seat cabin, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, made of constant channel spars and cross members and equipped with front and rear underrun safety bars , front and rear suspensions, made on small-leaf springs and having anti-roll bars, an air intake mounted on the rear cab, an air cleaner connected to it and located above the engine, a battery box installed on the right frame side member behind the cab, located on the left under the frame side member a muffler, the outlet of which goes to the left side of the chassis, receivers attached to the frame side members, a fuel tank fixed to the front of the frame on the left side member, a gearbox, a cardan drive, a towing hitch or a towing eye attached to the front cross member, equipped with engine soundproof screens, a gearbox located under the power unit and behind the cab, also contains a neutralizing liquid tank, a muffler, a berth (see. utility model patent No. 124658 U1, IPC B62D 61/10 (2006.01), published 10.02.2013).

A well-known four-wheel drive three-axle tractor unit with a combined power plant containing a cabin mounted on a suspension on a frame, a heat engine having a kinematic connection with the wheels of the middle axle, a rear axle, a gearbox, batteries, an on-board control system, a fuel tank, an air intake and an air cleaner , contains a pneumatic balancing suspension with anti-roll bars, on which the middle and rear axles are installed, thermal noise insulation screens are located, an air cleaner is located on the right side of the frame, installed on a vertical battery box, and a tank for neutralizing liquid of the cleaning system is installed on the left side of the frame exhaust gases of a heat engine, a silencer-neutralizer of exhaust gases, a fuel tank with a multifunctional intake device and a system for filtering accumulated fuel vapors, and a fifth wheel coupling is installed between the middle and rear axles a device whose axis is offset relative to the axis of the rear suspension balancer towards the middle axle (see. utility model patent No. 18695 U1, IPC B62D 49/00 (2006.01), B60K 6/52 (2007.10), B60G 11/27 (2006.01), published on 11.02.2019).

Known four-wheel drive three-axle truck tractor for the transportation of bulky and heavy loads, containing a chassis made with a wheel arrangement of 6 × 6 and an increased distance between the front and middle axles, a folding cab made with a berth, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, cardan gear, final drive, cross-axle differentials, brake chambers located at the top of the axles inside the frame, front and rear suspensions, transfer case installed between the gearbox and the middle axle, air cleaner, air intake, muffler, battery box, five receivers, two of which are combined into a block and placed under the battery box, and three are combined into a block and placed on the frame on the right side, a fuel tank installed on the left on the frame, a subframe mounted on the frame between the middle and rear axles with a fifth wheel attached to it , having the ability to turn back and forth, ow to the right, with the fifth wheel axle offset relative to the rear axle balancer axis towards the middle axle (see. utility model patent No. 142051 U1, IPC B62D 61/10 (2006.01), published 20.06.2014).

A well-known truck tractor for the transportation of bulky goods, containing a chassis, a folding cab with a berth, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, a cardan transmission, a final drive, interwheel differentials, brake chambers located in the upper part of the bridges inside the frame, a front and rear suspension, a transfer case installed between the gearbox and the middle axle, additional footpegs, an air cleaner, an air intake, a muffler installed in front of the middle axle with an exhaust pipe directed to the left, a battery box, five receivers, two of which are combined into a block and placed under the battery box, and three are combined into a block and placed on the frame on the right side, a fuel tank mounted on the left on the frame, a fifth wheel that can turn back and forth, left and right, while the axis of the fifth wheel is displaced relative to the axis of the rear suspension balancer to the side middle bridge (see. utility model patent No. 43525 U1, IPC B62D 61/10 (2000.01), published on January 27, 2005).

The prototype to the claimed technical solution in terms of the totality of essential features and the achieved technical result is an all-wheel drive three-axle truck tractor, containing a chassis, a folding cab with a berth under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, a towing crossbar installed in the front of the frame, cardan transmission, main gear, cross-axle differentials, brake chambers located in the upper part of the axles inside the frame, front and rear suspensions, transfer case installed between the gearbox and the middle axle, air cleaner, air intake, exhaust gas silencer with an exhaust pipe, battery box batteries, located on the right on the frame, five receivers, a fuel tank mounted on the left on the frame, a holder with a spare wheel installed behind the cab, a fifth wheel mounted on the frame between the middle and rear axles, with the possibility of turning back and forth, to the left right, pr where the axis of the fifth wheel is displaced relative to the axis of the rear suspension balancing device towards the middle axle, the modular flooring, the toolbox installed on the right side of the frame, and wheel chocks, contains a thermal noise insulation screen located under the engine and under the variable gearbox, wheel chocks located from the right on the frame, while the front and rear suspensions are made, respectively, of small-leaf and multi-leaf with anti-roll bars, the air intake is located on the right of the cab, the air cleaner is on the right on the frame on the vertical battery box, the exhaust gas silencer is installed on the left on the frame, and its the exhaust pipe points downward and into the vehicle (see. utility model patent No. 179602 U1, IPC B62D 63/02 (2006.01), B62D 61/10 (2006.01), B62D 53/08 (2006.01), published 05/17/2018).

The known technical solutions in most cases have limiting layout capabilities, insufficient performance, in addition, they do not provide the aerodynamic properties of the car, do not provide a reduction in noise and vibrations.

The problem to be solved by the claimed technical solution is to ensure the reduction of noise and vibration levels.

The problem is solved by the fact that a two-axle truck tractor containing a chassis, a folding cab with a berth under which an engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, front and rear suspensions with anti-roll bars, one of which is made of a small sheet, a towing crossbar installed in the front part of the frame, cardan gear, main gear, cross-axle differentials, air cleaner with air intake muffler-converter of exhaust gases with exhaust pipe, located on the left on the frame, receivers, thermal noise insulation screen located along both sides of the engine, under the engine and under the variable gearbox , has an adjustable aerodynamic fairing, made trapezoidal in plan and fixed to the cabin at an angle in its front and rear parts by means of a bolted connection, while the rear suspension is pneumatic.

The set of distinctive features, which consists in the fact that the two-axle semitrailer tractor has an adjustable aerodynamic fairing, made trapezoidal in plan and fixed to the cab at an angle in its front and rear parts by means of a bolt connection, while the rear suspension is pneumatic, allows to reduce noise and vehicle vibration while driving.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings:

Fig. l - two-axle truck tractor, side view;

Fig. 2 is the same, top view.

The two-axle semitrailer tractor is made with a 4x2 wheel arrangement, contains a chassis, a folding cab 1 with a berth, under which an engine is located (not shown), a frame 2 formed by spars and cross members with front and rear overhangs, a 3 variable gearbox, a front axle 4, rear axle 5, front suspension 6 and rear suspension 7, where the front suspension is made with a small leaf spring, and the rear suspension is pneumatic, while the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5 are installed under the frame 2 and fixed to the front suspension 6 and rear suspension 7, which have 8 anti-roll bars, final drive and cross-axle differential. The rear air suspension provides load distribution, an even level of ground clearance, as well as a smooth ride with no noise and vibration, while maintaining a constant ground clearance during operation.

Cab 1 is located on a spring suspension with four-point shock absorbers at the front and rear through the brackets to the frame 2. Also on the cab 1 there is an aerodynamic fairing 9 adjustable in the rear, made trapezoidal in plan, which is attached to the cab at an angle in the front and rear of its using a bolted connection. Due to the installation of an aerodynamic fairing, aerodynamic properties are improved, speed and dynamic qualities are increased, while the formation of eddies behind the tractor is prevented, and the reduction of these eddies makes it possible to reduce resistance, and during movement, drag is tested, and the aerodynamic fairing affects speed qualities and fuel consumption. Also, the aerodynamic fairing, reducing aerodynamic drag, improves vehicle handling, in addition, there is a decrease in the noise and vibration level of the cabin, a decrease in the loads on the components, and the wear rate of the roof of the van or awning is reduced. At the same time, a decrease in aerodynamic drag allows, in aggregate, not only to increase the maximum speed of the truck tractor, but also to reduce fuel consumption, which leads to an increase in productivity.

Under the engine 2 and under the gearbox 3 of variable gears, as well as along the engine on both sides, there is a thermal noise insulation screen 1O to reduce the noise level from the engine, cooling systems, from the variable gearbox. Also, the presence of a thermal noise insulation screen 1O provides protection against overheating. In addition, the thermal noise insulation shield 1O serves as thermal protection at negative ambient temperatures.

Frame 2 is made of variable width, with expansion towards the cab and reduction in the rear. In the front part of the frame 2 there is a towing crossbar with holes for the installation of towing devices, to which the facing 11 with headlights, a footboard 12 for the convenience of servicing the windshield of the cab 1 is installed. Inside the frame 2, between the variable gearbox 3 and the rear axle 5, a cardan gear 13 consisting of one cardan shaft. There are also brake chambers 14 with power accumulators, located in the upper part of the driving axles inside the frame 2. On the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5, wheels 15 with tires of dimension 9.00-R22.5 are installed.

The two-axle semitrailer tractor is made with a distance of 3780 mm between the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5, which allows the installation of the engine and engine systems under the tunnel floor of the cab 1, and also frees up the space between the rear part of the cab 1 and the semi-trailer for the installation of additional equipment.

In addition, the truck tractor contains an air intake 16, which is located at the rear right on the cab 1, an air cleaner 17, located on the right on the frame 2, and the battery box 18 on the left on the frame 2. This arrangement of the air intake 16 and the air cleaner 17 allows for cleaner air intake from the atmosphere to power the engine.

At the same time, the two-axle truck tractor contains a tank 19 for neutralizing liquid, installed on the right on the frame 2, eight receivers 20, which are located in the front part (not shown) on the frame 2 under the cab 1 and in the middle part on the frame 2, and a block of two the receivers are installed in the rear overhang. In the rear part of the frame 2, on its two sides, there are wheel chocks 21 to hold the tractor with bulky cargo on the road slopes. In addition, an exhaust gas silencer 22 with an exhaust pipe directed downward is installed on the frame 2 on the left, which is closed by a modular flooring 23 with an integrated ladder and a handrail 24 for easy lifting onto the frame 2, also on the frame 2 on the left using the spare wheel holder 25 a spare wheel 26 with fixing and fastening elements is installed. In this case, a fuel tank 27 with a multifunctional intake device 28 and a filtration system 29 of accumulated fuel vapors when gases are vented into the atmosphere is installed on the frame 2 on the right side. Between the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5 on the frame 2 through a profiled base with brackets, a fifth wheel coupling 30 is installed, which has the ability to turn back and forth, left and right. The axis of the fifth wheel coupling 30 is offset relative to the rear axle 5.

Thus, the claimed technical solution makes it possible to reduce noise and vibration during movement due to the air suspension and the presence of an adjustable aerodynamic fairing.

The claimed technical solution meets the requirement of washed applicability and is possible for implementation on standard technological equipment using previously mastered technologies.

Claims (1)

A two-axle semitrailer tractor containing a chassis, a folding cab with a berth, under which the engine is located, a frame with front and rear overhangs, front and rear suspensions with anti-roll bars, one of which is made of small-leaf, a towing bar installed in the front of the frame, cardan transmission, main gear, cross-axle differentials, air cleaner with air intake, exhaust gas silencer-neutralizer with exhaust pipe, located on the left on the frame, receivers, thermal noise insulation screen located along both sides of the engine, under the engine and under the variable gearbox, characterized in that has an adjustable aerodynamic fairing, made trapezoidal in plan and fixed to the cab at an angle in its front and rear parts by means of a bolt connection, while the rear suspension is pneumatic.

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