KR950007850B1 - Washing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine includes a motor (3) fixed in lower center of an outer tub (1), a whashing and dehydrating tub (2) rotatably supported by a motor shaft (4) and travelling along the motor shaft by self-weight and buoyancy generating means, a rotor fixed at the top of the motor shaft, a clutch selectively coupling the washing and dehydrating tub (2) to the rotor (5) or the outer tub (1) according to the position of the washing and dehydrating tub; and a clutch confirmation means detecting a change of the load torque before and after being clutched. The installation structure of the motor in the lower center of the outer tub reduces noise and vibration.

Description

Fully automatic washing machine

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fully automatic washing machine.

2 is a detailed view of a clutch used in a conventional fully automatic washing machine.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the half of the automatic washing machine according to the present invention divided into the dehydration mode and washing mode.

4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

5 is a plan view showing the interlocking teeth of the automatic washing machine according to the present invention.

6 is a state diagram of the teeth in accordance with each operation mode of the automatic washing machine according to the present invention, (a) is a state of the neutral position, (b) is a state in the washing mode, (c) is a dehydration mode State diagram.

7 is a block diagram of a motor drive control unit according to the present invention.

8 is a graph showing the load torque curve in the clutching confirmation mode in the present invention.

9 is a graph showing the number of motor line change curves in the clutching enlargement mode in the present invention.

10 is a graph showing the relationship between the load torque and the rotational speed of the motor in the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: outer tank 2: washing and dehydrating tank

3: motor 4: motor shaft

5: Rotor 6: End Bracket

7: sealer 8: sliding member

9: rib 10: air chamber

la, 2a. 2b, 5a: meshing tooth type

The present invention relates to a fully automatic washing machine, and in particular, the washing machine dehydration tank is supported and rotated on the motor shaft fixed to the lower part of the outer tank, and the rotor is mounted on the upper part of the motor shaft so that the washing machine dehydration tank moves in the axial direction of the motor by buoyancy and load. In the meantime, the present invention relates to a fully automatic washing machine configured to perform a mode switching to washing and dehydration process.

The conventional fully automatic washing machine has a motor and a clutch installed separately in the lower part of the outer tub, so that the driving force of the motor is transmitted to the clutch through the V belt, and the washing shaft and the dehydration shaft are selectively rotated according to the operation of the clutch to wash and dehydrate It is supposed to work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fully automatic washing machine, in which a washing / dehydrating tank 12 is rotatably installed inside the outer tub 11, and a rotor (Pulsator or Agitator) (15) is disposed on an inner bottom of the washing / dehydrating dehydration tank. ) Is installed, and the combined washing and dehydration tank 12 and the rotor 15 are fastened to the dehydration shaft and the washing shaft of the clutch 16 installed at the center lower part of the outer tub 11, respectively, and to one side lower portion of the outer tub. The motor 13 and the clutch 16 installed in the V-belt 14 are connected to receive power.

2 is a detailed view of the clutch, in which the clutch 16 receives power directly from the V-belt pulley and is fixed to the lower portion of the gear shaft 17, the spring block 18, the upper dehydration shaft 19 and the brake dream. And a clutch spring 22 which is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the lower dehydration shaft 21 integrated with the gear housing 20 to transmit the rotational driving force of the motor to the dehydration shaft during washing, but only when dewatering. A clutch board 23 coupled to an outer circumferential surface and having teeth 23a formed on a circumferential surface thereof, and a drain valve acting solenoid installed at a position where the teeth of the clutch boss can be caught and installed on the side of the outer tub (not shown) The clutch boss cam 25 rotatably installed at the lower end of the brake lever 24 interlocked with the one-way spring, the one-way spring clutch 26 for preventing reverse rotation of the washing / dehydrating tank, and the gear shaft 17 in the washing mode. power And the planetary gear 28 to the reduction transmitting washing shaft 27, wrapping the outer circumferential surface of the brake drum Combine the gear housing (20) consists of a band brake (29), and the like.

In the automatic washing machine as described above, the washing machine dehydration tank 12 is stopped in the washing mode and the laundry is washed by left and right stirring only of the rotor 15, and in the dehydration mode, the washing machine dehydrating tank ( 12) and the rotor 15 rotates at high speed at the same speed to perform dehydration operation, and the operation at this time will be described in detail as follows.

* In laundry mode

The forward rotational power of the motor 13 transmitted to the clutch 16 through the V belt should be transmitted to the lower dehydration shaft 21 by the spring block 18 in the direction in which the clutch spring 22 is wound, but the clutch spring The teeth 23a of the clutch boss 23 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the 22 are pushed by the clutch boss cam 25 to prevent the clutch spring 22 from being wound, so no power is transmitted to the upper dewatering shaft 19.

Therefore, the rotational power transmitted to the gear shaft 17 is decelerated through the planetary gear 28 to be transmitted only to the washing shaft 27 and washing is performed by the rotation of the rotor 15 fastened to the washing shaft 27.

In addition, since the reverse rotational power of the motor 13 is the direction in which the clutch spring 22 is released, the rotational power of the gear shaft 17 is not transmitted to the dehydration shaft 19 but is transmitted only to the washing shaft 27.

And when the rotational power of the gear shaft 17 is decelerated through the planetary gear 28, a reaction rotation torque (Torpue) is generated in the gear housing 20, the reverse rotation of the dewatering shaft by the reaction rotation torque is reverse It is reliably regulated by the rotation prevention one-way spring clutch 26 and the brake band 29 which wraps the outer peripheral surface of the gear housing for brake drums at predetermined pressure.

* In dehydration mode

By the forward rotational power of the motor 13 transmitted to the clutch 16 through the V-belt, the clutch spring 22 is operated in the winding direction and the valve actuating solenoid is turned on to pull the lever 30. As a result, the clutch boss cam 25 of the brake lever 24, which is in close contact with the clutch spring 22 and the spring block 28 and cooperates with the lever 30, is removed from the teeth 23a of the clutch boss 23. The brake band 29 is displaced from the outer circumferential surface of the gear housing 20.

Therefore, the rotational power of the spring block 18 is transmitted to the lower dehydration shaft 21 of the gear housing 20 to rotate the upper dewatering shaft 19 integrated with the gear housing at high speed without deceleration, and the dewatering shaft 19 And by the high-speed rotation of the washing shaft 27, the combined washing dehydration tank 12 and the rotor 15 is rotated at a high speed to perform the dehydration operation.

Subsequently, when the dehydration operation is completed or the dehydration process is stopped during dewatering, the valve operation solenoid is turned off to release the lever 30 from the pulled state, and the clutch boss cam 25 is removed from the clutch boss 23. Engaged between the teeth (23a) and at the same time the brake band 29 is pressed to the outer peripheral surface of the gear housing 20 is switched to the washing mode to stop the rotation of the gear housing 20, which is also a brake drum.

Therefore, the combined washing and dehydration tank 12 coupled through the gear housing 20 and the dehydration shaft 19 is also stopped.

However, the conventional fully automatic washing machine as described above has a structure in which the motor 13 and the clutch are separately installed so that the power of the motor is transmitted to the clutch 16 through the V belt 14, and thus the overall configuration is very complicated, when washing and dehydration. The structure of the clutch for selectively clamping the rotational power is also very complicated and there is a problem that the power loss is increased as the rotational power is transmitted by the V-belt.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the use of a clutch as in the prior art by allowing the washing and dehydration tank to move in the vertical direction by the self-load and the buoyancy of the water is made to change the mode to the washing or dehydration process. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic washing machine capable of structurally stabilizing a washing machine by installing a motor in a lower center of a washing / dehydrating tank for washing and of preventing a loss in a power transmission process.

Hereinafter, a fully automatic washing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

3 is a block diagram of a fully automatic washing machine according to the present invention, the automatic washing machine according to the present invention includes an outer tub 11 which is suspended and supported inside the washing machine case 11, and a washing / drying dehydration tank 2 installed in the outer tub. . And a motor (3) fixed to the bottom of the central portion of the outer tub and the shaft (4) penetrating through the center of the outer tub and the combined dehydration tank to protrude into the combined dehydration tank. It consists of a rotor (5) and the like fixed to the motor shaft (4) drawn to the inside of the combined washing and dehydration tank, the motor (4) is a screw through which the end bracket 26 passes between the boss of the outer tub (1) It is fixed to the outer tub by a sealer (sealer) 7 is provided between the end bracket and the bottom of the tub to prevent leakage of wash water.

A plurality of sliding members 8 such as a sliding bearing or a bush are fitted to the outer diameter surface of the motor shaft 4, and the sliding members are fixed to the center of the washing / dehydrating tank 2.

Therefore, the combined washing and dehydration tank 2 is movable up and down along the motor shaft 4 in a limited space between the rotor 5 and the outer tub 2 and can also be rotated about the motor shaft.

The bottom part of the rotor 5 and the bottom upper part of the washing / dehydration tank 2 are provided with an interlocking means for engaging the washing dehydration tank with the rotor and rotating it together. The bottom upper surface portion of (1) is provided with engagement means for stopping the washing / dehydration tank in engagement with the outer tank.

The engagement means is an engagement tooth (2a) (2b) installed above and below the bottom of the washing and dehydration tank (2) as shown in Figures 3 to 5 of an embodiment of the present invention. It is composed of the engaging teeth (5a) (la) formed to correspond to the lower surface of the rotor (5) and the bottom of the outer tub (1) to engage and engage, as in the embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. Engaging teeth (2a) (2b) formed a plurality of gear-like protrusions on the circumference and gear-shaped grooves into which the gear-like protrusions can be fitted on the circumferential surface of the mating engagement teeth (5a) (1a).

The engagement teeth 5a of the rotor 5 are formed at positions that can be engaged with the engagement teeth 2a of the washing and dehydration tank 2 when the washing and dehydration tank 2 is lowered, The meshing tooth la is formed at a position where the meshing tooth type la can be engaged with the meshing tooth type 2b of the washing machine type dewatering tank 2 when the washing machine type dewatering tank 2 is raised.

In addition, the inclined portion of the engaging teeth form a slanted portion inclined in a round shape toward the outer surface from the center as shown in FIG. 5 so that the engaging teeth are easily coupled or separated from each other.

A plurality of ribs 9 arranged radially are formed in the lower part of the washing / dehydrating tank 2, and the ribs comprise an air chamber 10, and the bottom part of the washing / dehydrating tank 2 Through the hole (tube shape penetrating through the air chamber) to drain the water on the bottom of the washing-and-water dehydration tank during the drainage, and to prevent the negative pressure is applied to the lower part of the rotor during the washing to pump the seams for smooth collection.

In the automatic washing machine of the present invention as described above, in the non-use or after the initial washing mode, the washing / dehydrating tank 2 is lowered as shown in the left figure of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5) The interlocking teeth (5a) of the lower part and the interlocking teeth (2a) of the washing and dehydrating tank (2) are not mutually aligned, and the interlocking teeth (la) of the outer tub (1) and the interlocking teeth (2b) of the washing and dehydrating tank are Disconnected. That is, when the motor 3 rotates, the rotor 5 and the washing / dehydration tank 2 are in the same state as the dehydration mode in which they rotate together at the same speed. The operation of the washing machine according to each driving mode in the above state will be described.

* In laundry mode

When washing is started in the initial state of the washing machine, water is started while the motor rotates slowly in one direction at a low speed. Since the initial state is the same as the dehydration mode, the rotor 5 and the washing / dehydration tank for washing and washing are rotated according to the rotation of the motor 3. When (2) is slowly rotated together and water is supplied to some extent, the air is filled in the air chamber 10 formed in the lower part of the washing-and-water dehydration tank (2), buoyancy acts on the washing-and-water dehydration tank as much as the water is filled.

In this case, buoyancy F = PCV, where P is the density of water, V is the volume of the washing and dehydration tank submerged in water, including the air chamber, G is the acceleration of gravity.

When the size of buoyancy is greater than that of gravity acting on the washing machine dehydration tank (2), the washing machine dehydration unit (2) moves upward along the motor shaft (4), and between the washing machine dehydration tank and the motor shaft. The installed sliding member 8 facilitates the movement of the washing and dehydration tank.

When the combined use dehydration tank 2 rotates slowly with the rotor 5 and floats due to buoyancy, the engagement type 2a of the combined use dehydration tank 2 is engaged with the engagement type 5a of the rotor 5. As it starts to separate, the engagement tooth form 2b of the combined use dehydration tank 2 engages with the engagement tooth form la of the outer tub 1 to be in the state of washing.

That is, if the washing combined dehydration tank 2 rises in the state shown in the left figure of FIG. 3 and 6 (c), as shown in the right figure of FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 (b), The engagement teeth (2a) are separated from the engagement teeth (5a) of the rotor (5), the engagement teeth (2b) of the combined-use dehydration tank (2) and the engagement terrain (la) of the outer tub (1) are combined, resulting in a combined laundry. The dewatering tank 2 is in a state of being fixed to the outer tank 1.

When the combined use dehydration tank (2) attempts to injure due to buoyancy in the clutching process as described above, the separation operation between the engagement tooth (2a) and the engagement tooth (5a) is performed smoothly. When (2) is injured, the engagement teeth (1b) are not always in a position where they can be engaged, so the motor (3) continues to rotate at low speed from the start of water supply so that the projections of the engagement teeth (1a) are engaged. Find the groove part of 2b) and let it be combined.

In this case, when the washing mode is not performed correctly, the washing / dehydration tank is rotated together with the motor, and washing is impossible. In addition, while the washing and dehydrating tank rotates at low speed. After floating and clutching, a phenomenon in which the laundry is biased to one side due to the one-way rotation of the laundry in the washing / dehydration tank due to the rotation of the rotor.

Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the clutching operation performed by buoyancy during water supply, and when the clutching is confirmed, the driving of the motor should be stopped.

The checking of the clutching operation and the stopping means of the motor may be performed by applying a speed detector S for detecting the rotational speed of the motor 3 during the clutching operation and a voltage set to rotate the motor at a low speed as shown in FIG. And the microcomputer M for controlling the driving of the motor by the detection signal of the speed detecting unit.

Looking at the load torque (inversely proportional to the rotational speed) of the motor during the clutching operation, the load torque of the motor is only the fluid friction load acting on the locked part of the washing / drying dewatering tank when the combined-use dehydrating tank rotates with the rotor. Even if the frictional load of the fluid is not quenched, the rotational speed of the motor is low, so the load torque is only a small value.However, when the rotor is rotated only with the dehydrating tank fixed to the washing machine (the clutch is completed) The load torque is very high due to the laundry and the tax solution in the combined dehydration tank.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the motor load torque curve (A) when the washing-use dehydrating tank and the rotor rotate together and the load torque curve (B) when the rotor is rotating only are remarkably different. As the level rises, it gradually narrows down from the possible level of clutching, the rising level (ho).

At this time, if the voltage command value of the microcomputer M is set to the average voltage in advance so that the motor maximum output torque line C at the constant voltage is between the two curves, the microcomputer detects the signal of the speed detector S and starts the motor. Rotate and keep the voltage command value constant until the proper speed (low speed) is reached.

Then, when the clutching operation is performed as the water supply and the low speed rotation of the motor continue, as shown in FIG. 9, the rotational speed of the motor is rapidly changed or stopped, and the microcomputer (M) detects that the clutching operation is completed to drive the motor. To stop.

In FIG. 9, to is clutching time and Wo is the motor rotation speed just before clutching.

10 is a graph showing the relationship between the load torque and the rotational speed of the motor, where D is the maximum torque curve of the motor and E is the motor torque curve at the voltage command value set in the clutching confirmation mode.

Wo is the motor rotation speed just before clutching, To is the motor torque just before clutching, O is the motor operation point just before clutching. Shows that it can.

When the clutching is confirmed, water is supplied to a predetermined level, and after the water supply is completed, the rotor 5 fixed to the motor shaft 4 is washed while stirring by the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 3.

At this time, due to the inertia of the washing water and the laundry according to the rotation of the rotor (5), the force to rotate also occurs in the combined washing dehydration tank (2), the interlocking teeth (2b) and outer periphery ( Since the engagement teeth form (1a) formed in 1) are coupled to each other, the combined dehydration tank does not rotate and only the rotor rotates to wash.

* In dehydration mode

When the washing process is finished and the dehydration process starts, the drain valve in the lower part of the outer tank (1) opens and the water in the outer tank is drained to the outside. The opposite operation will occur.

That is, when the washing water in the outer tank (1) is reduced, the portion of the combined-use dehydration tank (2) is also submerged in water, so that the buoyancy gradually decreases. When the buoyancy becomes smaller than the magnitude of gravity due to the decrease in buoyancy, the action of gravity By washing the dehydration tank (2) is moved downward while sliding along the motor shaft (4), the teeth (2b) of the combined-use dehydration tank along the downward movement of the washing dehydration tank (2) is the outer tank (1) It is separated from the tooth (1a) of the tooth while the tooth (2a) and the tooth (5a) of the rotor (5) of the combined use dehydration tank is reduced to the state.

Therefore, not only the rotor 5 rotates at high speed by the driving force of the motor 3, but the washing / dehydration tank combined with the rotor also rotates at high speed to perform dehydration operation.

As described above, the fully automatic washing machine of the present invention can control the transmission of the driving force of the motor to the washing / drying dehydration tank by moving the washing / dehydration tank without using the clutch of complicated structure, thereby simplifying the overall configuration of the washing machine and assembling property. It is possible to improve the reliability of the product by reducing the occurrence factor of failure.

In addition, as the motor is mounted in the lower center of the outer tub, the washing machine is structurally stable, and noise or vibration is also reduced.

Claims (13)

Motor 3 fixed to the lower center of the outer tub (1), washing and dehydration tank (2) which is rotatably supported by the motor shaft (4) of the motor and moves along the motor shaft by its own weight and buoyancy generating means; Rotor (5) fixed to the upper end of the motor shaft, the engaging means for selectively engaging the washing and operation dehydration tank to the rotor and the outer tank as the washing and operation dehydration tank, and before the engaging means is clutched, Fully automatic washing machine comprising a clutching checking means for detecting a change in the load torque after. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy generating means of the combined washing / dehydrating tank comprises an air chamber (10) formed of a plurality of ribs (9) formed under the bottom of the combined washing / dehydrating tank. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 1, wherein the motor shaft (4) of the motor (5) can be directly used as a washing shaft and a dehydration shaft. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sliding members (8) are provided between the motor shaft (4) and the washing / dehydration tank (2). The automatic washing machine according to claim 1, wherein a sealer (7) for preventing leakage is provided between the end bracket (6) and the outer tub (1) of the motor. 2. The engaging means for selectively engaging the dual purpose washing machine dehydration tank with the rotor and the outer tub includes teeth (2a) and (2b) provided in the dual purpose washing machine dehydration tank, and the teeth (5a) provided in the rotor (5). And the teeth 1a installed in the outer tub 1 so that only the rotor rotates according to the engagement of the teeth 2b and 1a during washing and the rotors according to the teeth 2a and 5a when dewatering. Washing machine, which makes the washing and dehydrating tank rotate together. 7. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 6, wherein the engaging portion of the engaging teeth is inclined in a round shape from the center to the outer surface. The method of claim 1, wherein the clutching checking means comprises: a speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the motor during the clutching operation, and applying an average voltage set to the motor so that the motor rotates at a low speed and by means of a detection signal of the speed detector. Fully automatic washing machine composed of microcomputer to control the driving of the motor. 9. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 8, wherein the speed detecting unit detects the clutch by changing the rotational speed of the motor as the load torque of the motor rotating at a low speed changes rapidly before and after clutching. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 8, wherein the load torque that rotates at a low speed increases rapidly before and after clutching to detect the moment when the motor stops and to confirm the clutching. 9. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 8, wherein the average voltage applied to the motor is such that the output torque during the low speed rotation of the motor is larger than the rotation load torque of the washing / dehydration tank and smaller than the load torque of the rotor. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 8, wherein the microcomputer changes the rotation command of the motor to a stop command immediately after clutching. The fully automatic washing machine according to claim 8, wherein if the microcomputer is not identified as a clutch, water is supplied to the highest water level regardless of the amount of laundry, and washing is not performed if the microcomputer is not clutched thereafter.