KR20190086301A - System and method for distributed database using block chain - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a blockchain system connecting a plurality of unit nodes to at least one from wired and wireless communication networks, and mutually authenticating and confirming the integrity of data in the unit nodes among a plurality of nodes. According to the present invention, at least one user terminal is connected to the unit nodes. The unit nodes are directly/indirectly connected to at least one from the wired and wireless communication networks to generate and provide unique public and private keys based on a blockchain connecting individual blocks including a business ledger made by the user terminal in a chain type. Each of the unit nodes has a unique public key list, and transmits, to other unit nodes, data coupling a private key to the node corresponding to a predetermined public key selected from the unique public key list to synchronize the data. The present invention can save a storage space of the unit nodes.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed database system using a block chain,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed database system and method, and more particularly, to a structure and a method of a system for performing a distributed database and a backup system using block-chain technology.

The block chain is also called a public transaction book and is a technique to prevent hacking that may occur when trading with virtual currency. In the case of existing financial companies, transaction logs are kept on a centralized server, while block chains send transactions to all users participating in the transaction, and are used to prevent counterfeiting of data against each transaction. The block chain is applied to a bit coin, which is a typical online virtual currency. Bitcoin transparently records transactions on a book that anyone can read, and several computers using bit coin verify this record every 10 minutes to prevent hacking.

Bitcoin is designed to operate in a fully distributed fashion in P2P (pear-to-pear) mode without a server to control the system. In addition, anyone can use the system without having to register a user who can use the money separately. Since there is no server to register, each user uses the public key as a sort of one-time account number. For example, if a user A signs a specific message with a private key known only to him, the third party uses the public key to determine whether the signature is signed with a secret key corresponding to the pair of this public key (in other words, ).

Recently, block chain technology has been applied to various fields such as financial transaction, medical data management, and file management as well as virtual money as interest in security technology of a block chain increases.

In the block chain method, since all nodes share the same information, malicious nodes need to modify the contents of the block chain of all nodes in order to modify contents arbitrarily, so that it is advantageous in security because arbitrary modification is virtually impossible.

However, since the block chain method shares all data in the user terminal, when 50% or more users collide with each other and operate, all the user terminals may recognize the manipulated data.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1763827: Block Chain-based Medical Data Transmission System, Method and Program (Life Semantics Co., Ltd.) 2017.07.26

The present invention forms a distributed database using a block chain system to securely utilize the database while preventing excessive traffic.

A plurality of unit nodes are connected to at least one of a wired and a wireless communication network for achieving the above object, and the integrity of data in the unit node is mutually authenticated between the plurality of nodes, The plurality of unit nodes are connected to a central database, and the unit nodes are directly or indirectly connected to at least one of the wired and wireless communication networks to transmit updated data to other unit nodes and the central database Data can be synchronized.

According to one embodiment, the unit node transmits only the block header of the updated data to the other unit node and synchronizes them, and the whole data is backed up and synchronized with the central database.

According to one embodiment, the data includes an expiration time limit, and the unit node can delete the data whose expiration time has come.

According to one embodiment, the unit node requests the necessary data to the unit node that owns the original when the required data is generated, and when the unit node that owns the original is in a disabled state, Lt; / RTI >

According to an exemplary embodiment, the unit node may selectively perform a synchronization process for only necessary data.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the unit node may perform a synchronization process by selecting adjacent blocks including a previous block and a next block.

According to one embodiment, the database may determine the validity of the data when transmitting and receiving the block with the plurality of nodes.

A method of operating a block chain performed by a unit node connected to at least one central database includes the steps of updating data from a user terminal, issuing an approval procedure from another unit node, synchronizing simple data including a block header with another unit node And backing up the updated book to the central database in view of the step and network conditions.

According to the present invention, since all the data is backed up in the central database, and the unit nodes store only the brief data header, the storage space of the unit node can be saved.

According to the present invention, since not all data are synchronized with all the unit nodes, network traffic and computation amount can be remarkably reduced.

According to the present invention, data can be securely distributed through a central database.

1 is a view showing a concept of a distributed database system using a block chain to which the present invention is applied.
2 is a diagram for explaining selective synchronization in a distributed database system using a block chain according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a summary data including a block header in a distributed database system using a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart illustrating a distributed database method using a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different, but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, certain features, structures, and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in connection with one embodiment. It is also to be understood that the position or arrangement of the individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is to be limited only by the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which the claims are entitled, if properly explained. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar functions throughout the several views.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Also, commonly used predefined terms are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless explicitly defined otherwise.

The present invention is not limited to forming a block chain between user terminals, but rather, the network devices form a block chain as a block chain controller, and the task to be performed by the user terminal is performed through the block chain controller, Disclosed is a supply chain network system and method using a block chain that can be reduced.

Since the block chain has been developed, all transactions occurring in the world of the block chain are written to each node, and all nodes are synchronized to the same data (transaction book). Therefore, when a new block is added, communication network traffic and computation amount are generated for the number of connected nodes, resulting in the network being wasted. In addition, the nodes have to store all the updated data (transaction books), thus wasting storage space excessively.

In the present invention, a plurality of block-chain controllers form a block-chain network, and a user terminal authenticates using a block chain controller, thereby securing enhanced security. In the present invention, a network device is configured as a block chain instead of forming a block chain between user terminals, and this is referred to as a block chain controller.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

1 is a view showing a concept of a distributed database system using a block chain to which the present invention is applied.

1, a distributed database system using a block chain includes a central database 110, unit nodes 121, 122 and 123 connected to the central database 110 to form a block chain network, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 connected to the user terminals 121, 122,

As illustrated, the plurality of unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may be interconnected with at least one of the Internet, a mobile communication network, and a low power wide area network (LPWAN) including a block-chain network.

The number of all unit nodes (hereinafter referred to as " node " or " unit node ") is shown as a certain number for convenience of explanation, but the number is numerous and is not particularly limited.

Each unit node 121, 122, and 123 includes a block chain, and basically has a unique public key and a private key based on an existing block chain, Can be generated and provided.

The plurality of unit nodes 121, 122 and 123 are connected to at least one of a wired and a wireless communication network, and the integrity of data in the unit nodes 121, 122, A block chain system for verifying mutual authentication between unit nodes (121, 122, 123), wherein the unit nodes (121, 122, 123) are directly or indirectly connected to at least one of a wired and a wireless communication network, Based on a block chain in which individual blocks are linked in a chain form, a unique public key and a private key can be generated and provided.

According to one embodiment, the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may operate as a block-chain controller. Here, the block chain controller means that the network end is connected to the block chain and serves as a controller. Conventional block-chain systems are susceptible to attack because they do not have a controller or central control system. However, when the concept of a block-chain controller is introduced and a network device is made to function as a controller, a user can easily access the block- And the controller processes the approval or decision algorithm directly, thereby increasing the security and keeping the data stable.

Also, since the conventional block chain has all the replicas in the user terminal, there is a lot of redundant data, but under the concept of the block chain controller, the controller has all the data and the user may not have information about the block chain have. At this time, the controllers establish a P2P connection so that they can perform the block chain service while synchronizing with each other.

According to an embodiment, in a distributed database system using a block chain, real-time communication between block chain controllers can be realized. That is, each block chain controller has information on the user terminal connected thereto, and knows the other block chain controllers constituting the block chain network, and mutual authentication is also possible. For example, when initiating mutual communication, the user terminal and the block chain controller exchange the hash value with each other, so that the block chain controller can check the validity of the user terminal through the hash value.

According to one embodiment, the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 in the distributed database system using the block chain may be connected to the central database 110, respectively. The unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 can synchronize transactions with each other, such as a general block chain network, and can back up original data to the central database 110 when the network is smooth in consideration of network conditions.

In a block-chain network, real-time synchronization of all unit nodes is required to record valid transactions. In this case, in order that all unit nodes have the same block, a communication amount corresponding to the number of unit nodes is required.

According to one embodiment, the unit node 121 may be directly or indirectly connected to at least one of a wired and a wireless communication network, and may transmit updated data to another unit node and the central database in consideration of a network situation to synchronize data . For example, the unit node 121 checks the network status, attempts general synchronization in a stable network state, and if the network status is not stable, sends only the hash value to another unit node in advance, Only that data can be selectively synchronized.

According to one embodiment, when there is a problem with the network, the unit node 121 can synchronize data only when a user requests it. Through such lazy synchronization, the load on the network can be reduced. When data is damaged due to an attack or an administrator accident, the data is requested to the other unit nodes (122 and 123) Can receive.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may receive only brief data including block headers, and store all the data in the central database 110 to save communication traffic and storage space.

According to one embodiment, the user terminal 121 may upload a new transaction to the unit node 121. At this time, the unit node 121 may perform synchronization with other unit nodes 122 and 123 forming a block-chain network. According to one embodiment, the synchronization between the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may be brief data including only a block header. According to one embodiment, the unit node 121 transmits only block headers of the updated data to the unit nodes 122 and 123, synchronizes them, and can back up and synchronize the entire data to the central database 110. [

According to one embodiment, the unit node 121 may request the addition of a new block. At this time, if approved by the unit nodes 122 and 123, the unit node 121 can synchronize actual data only with the central database 110. Thereafter, the central database 110 may synchronize data to the unit nodes 122 and 123 according to the network conditions.

According to one embodiment, when the network path is in a congested state, the synchronization process can be selectively performed only on necessary data. A detailed description of selective synchronization will be given in Fig.

The distributed database system using the block chain according to an exemplary embodiment may further include user terminals 110, 111, and 112 connected to the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123.

A user terminal in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet personal computer, a mobile phone, a videophone, an e-book reader, Such as a personal computer (PC), a laptop personal computer, a netbook computer, a workstation, a server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP) A camera or a wearable device such as smart glasses, head-mounted-device (HMD), electronic apparel, electronic bracelets, electronic necklaces, electronic apps, An electronic tattoo, a smart mirror, or a smart watch).

According to one embodiment, the data stored in the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may include an expiration time limit. At this time, the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may delete the data with the expiration time limit. Accordingly, the unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 can receive the data again through the central database 110 when the corresponding data is needed again after the expiration time.

Here, each unit node 121, 122, 123 can update to a new expiration time each time the unit node 121, 122, 123 accesses it.

According to one embodiment, when necessary data is generated, the unit node 121 requests necessary data from the unit node 122 that owns the original, and when the unit node 122 that owns the original is in a disabled state The central database 110 can request the necessary data. That is, when the unit node that produces necessary data is the unit node 122, the unit node 121 may request the unit node 122 to synchronize the data. At this time, if the unit node 122 is off-line or in the middle of another operation, the central database 110 can request the necessary data. Therefore, it is possible to prevent excessive traffic from being poured into the central database 110.

According to one embodiment, when the distributed database system is used for maintenance of a contract, if contract data is hacked at the unit node 121 for malicious purposes, a copy of the contract is automatically sent from the unit node 122 or the unit node 123 . That is, when restoring a damaged contract, it is possible to receive data from other unit nodes 122 and 123 and restore it.

According to one embodiment, the unit node 121 sends its hash value to the unit nodes 122 and 123, and the unit nodes 122 and 123 can be checked whether the hash value is normal or not. At this time, the unit nodes 122 and 123 may approve or reject the unit node 121. That is, the unit node 121 can transmit a request packet to the unit nodes 122 and 123, and the unit nodes 122 and 123 can transmit a response packet to the unit node 121. When the data is corrupted or the data is falsified, the backup data can be received and recovered through the unit node 122, 123 or the central database 110.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the user terminal 131 may determine a unit node to be connected according to the status of the network. Since the user terminal 131 is closest to the selected unit node 121, if the selected unit node 121 is in an unusable state, the other unit node 122 can be selected. The unit nodes 121, 122, and 123 may inform their users of their status / location through a discovery protocol.

According to one embodiment, the central database 110 can determine the validity of data when transmitting and receiving a plurality of unit nodes 121, 122, and 123. In this way, the central database 110 can verify the validity of the data, thereby preventing a hacking attack on the central database.

2 is a diagram for explaining selective synchronization in a distributed database system using a block chain according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 2, an example of a block chain in a block-chain system can be seen. The block chain may include block 210, block 220, block 230, block 240,

According to one embodiment, a unit node can perform a synchronization process by selecting only a block 230 that is necessary data. That is, not all the data in the block chain is requested to the other unit node, but only the necessary blocks can be selectively requested.

According to another embodiment, the unit node can perform the synchronization process by selecting the adjacent block 200 including the previous block 220 and the next block 240 of the target block 230. [ At this time, if the previous block 220 or the next block 230 is already synchronized, the synchronization of the adjacent blocks may be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a summary data including a block header in a distributed database system using a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the block 320 may include a header 312 including a Merkle Root, a Prev Hash, and a Nonce, and a Merkle Tree including all data of the corresponding block. At this time, the unit node can transmit the brief data including the block header among the updated data to another unit node and synchronize them, and can back up and synchronize the whole data to the central database.

That is, the first node does not have all the data generated at the second node but only the block header except the Merkle Tree, and the entire data including the Merkle Tree can be held by the central database.

According to an embodiment, even when a unit node is hacked or data is damaged or lost due to an administrator's mistake, only the header of the block excluding the Merkle Tree can be synchronized using a Lazy Synchronization method have. If all of the data is synchronized across the block chain, it can affect the entire network or cause an excessive load on the central database.

Although not explicitly shown, the apparatus shown in Figs. 1-3 may further include elements not shown in Figs. 1-3, or may not include some of the elements shown in Figs. 1-3. 1 to 3, some components may be divided into a plurality of detailed components, or a plurality of components may be provided by being combined with one component.

Although not explicitly shown, each apparatus may be provided separately from a plurality of servers physically, spatially or functionally separated, as shown in Figs. 1-3. In this case, each server may or may not include some of the components shown in Figs. 1-3.

In the meantime, the respective components of the apparatus are separately shown in the drawings to show that they can be functionally and logically separated, and do not necessarily mean physically separate components or separate codes.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a distributed database method using a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, a block chain system performed by the first node 410, the second node 420, and the central database 430 can be identified.

In step S411, according to one embodiment, the first node 410 may update the block data in the block chain. At this time, the block data may be a transaction including a transaction book. Where the data may be updated data received from the user terminal.

In step S412, according to one embodiment, the first node 410 requests an authorization procedure from the second node 420 in the same block-chain network, and the second node 420 requests the authorization process from the first node 410 ) May be validated and approved.

In step S413, according to one embodiment, the second node 420 may synchronize the block header data of the updated data at the first node 410. [ That is, the first node 410 may synchronize the simplified data including the block header with the second node 420.

In step S414, the central database 430 may back up and synchronize the entire data of the updated data at the first node 410, according to one embodiment. At this time, the first node 410 can back up and synchronize the entire data of the updated data to the central database 430 in consideration of the network situation.

In step S415, according to one embodiment, if the second node 420 needs updated data, it may request the transmission of data directly to the first node 410 that is the node that originally generated the data .

In step S416, according to one embodiment, if the second node 420 requires updated data, but the first node 410, which is the node that originally generated the data, is in a disabled state, 430 to transmit the backed-up data.

Meanwhile, the method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a program command which can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

In the foregoing, a system, an apparatus, and a method according to an embodiment of the present invention have been described in detail. Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to a user terminal, the present invention can be applied to any electronic device. Hereinafter, an implementation example of various electronic devices including user terminals according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The invention has been described above with the aim of method steps illustrating the performance of certain functions and their relationships. The boundaries and order of these functional components and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience of description. Alternative boundaries and sequences may be defined as long as the specific functions and relationships are properly performed. Any such alternative boundaries and sequences are therefore within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention. In addition, the boundaries of these functional components have been arbitrarily defined for ease of illustration. Alternative boundaries can be defined as long as certain important functions are properly performed. Likewise, the flow diagram blocks may also be arbitrarily defined herein to represent any significant functionality. For extended use, the flowchart block boundaries and order may have been defined and still perform some important function. Alternative definitions of both functional components and flowchart blocks and sequences are therefore within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.

The invention may also be described, at least in part, in the language of one or more embodiments. Embodiments of the invention are used herein to describe the invention, aspects thereof, features thereof, concepts thereof, and / or examples thereof. The physical embodiment of an apparatus, article of manufacture, machine, and / or process for implementing the invention may include one or more aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc., described with reference to one or more embodiments described herein . Moreover, in the entire drawings, embodiments may incorporate the same or similarly named functions, steps, modules, etc. that may use the same or different reference numerals, and so forth, Steps, modules, etc., may be the same or similar functions, steps, modules, etc., or the like.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, such as specific constituent elements, and limited embodiments and drawings. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above- And various modifications and changes may be made thereto by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, belong to the scope of the present invention .

110: central database
121, 122, 123: unit node
131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139:

Claims (8)

A block chain system for connecting a plurality of unit nodes to at least one of a wired and a wireless communication network and verifying the integrity of data within the unit node between the plurality of nodes,
Wherein the plurality of unit nodes are connected to a central database,
The unit node comprises:
The mobile terminal is directly or indirectly connected to at least one of the wired and wireless communication networks and transmits updated data to the other unit nodes and the central database in consideration of the network situation to synchronize the data
Block Chain System. The method according to claim 1,
The unit node comprises:
Only the block header among the updated data is transmitted to the other unit node for synchronization,
Backing up and synchronizing the entire data to the central database
Block Chain System. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the data includes an expiration time limit,
The unit node deletes the data whose expiration time has come
Block Chain System. The method according to claim 1,
The unit node comprises:
Requesting the necessary data to the unit node that owns the original when the required data is generated and requesting the necessary data to the central database when the unit node that owns the original is disabled
Block Chain System. The method according to claim 1,
The unit node comprises:
Only the necessary data is selectively synchronized.
Block Chain System. 6. The method of claim 5,
The unit node comprises:
The neighboring blocks including the previous block and the next block are selected and the synchronization process is performed
Block Chain System. The method according to claim 1,
The central database comprises:
Determining validity of data when transmitting and receiving the plurality of nodes and blocks
Block Chain System. A method of operating a block chain performed by a unit node connected to at least one central database,
Updating data from a user terminal;
Stepping on an approval procedure from another unit node;
Synchronizing the simple data including the block header with another unit node; And
Backing up the updated book to the central database in consideration of network conditions
The method comprising:

Images