KR20020014281A - A virus-immunoadsorbent composition and an apparatus for removing a virus using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A virus-immunoabsorbent composition and an apparatus for removing virus using it are provided, thereby protecting a person from the infection of a Hansen's bacillus in blood collected from a leper during a blood transfusion. CONSTITUTION: The virus-immunoabsorbent composition contains coated activated carbon and quartz porphyry, in which the activated carbon is coated with a base solution that is a mixture of at least two of bases selected from adenine(A), guanine(G), cytosine(C), thymine(T) and uracil(U); and the coated activated carbon and quartz porphyry are mixed in a ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, preferably 1:1. The apparatus for removing virus contains a column packed with the composition, an inlet for inserting a sample, and an outlet for discharging the sample, in which the sample is blood; and the virus is HIV of AIDS or HBV.

Description

Viral immunosorbent composition and virus removal device using same {A VIRUS-IMMUNOADSORBENT COMPOSITION AND AN APPARATUS FOR REMOVING A VIRUS USING IT}

The present invention relates to a viral immunosorbent composition and an apparatus for removing viruses in a sample using the immunosorbent composition for use in clinical treatment and prevention of virus-related diseases, more specifically activated carbon and elvan The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing a virus in a blood sample using an immunosorbent composition containing as a main component.

Diseases caused by viruses, including AIDS, hepatitis, and ebola, are infectious diseases, and their infectivity and mortality are high, and the development of these diseases is a big problem not only for the patients but also for society. These diseases have different symptoms depending on the type of pathogenic virus, and thus, drugs and treatment methods used for treatment are applied differently. None of the currently developed drugs have completely killed these pathogenic viruses or have any therapeutic effect on all viral diseases. Waiting for natural healing or treatment or preventive treatment using antibiotics or anticancer drugs are performed depending on the disease. There is a situation.

Therefore, considering the severity of viral diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis, and infectiousness from patients or carriers of these diseases due to blood transfusion, fundamental medical measures in order to treat or prevent diseases by killing or eliminating the viruses causing these diseases Development is urgent.

For this purpose, in addition to killing or attenuating viruses that cause such viral diseases, such as HIV or HBV, using drugs, there is a great deal of interest in the development of methods for removing these viruses, in particular by adsorption. This is concentrated.

In relation to general adsorption techniques, the following studies have been reported to remove unwanted or toxic substances in the blood.

Direct Hemoperfusion (DHP) technology was first introduced in 1948 by Muirhead and Reid to remove toxic substances in the blood by an adsorption method that allowed blood to pass through an adsorbent particulate column. The adsorbent used at this time was an ion exchange resin mixture, which was able to remove urine toxins in the blood of animals (Ref .: Muirhead EE and Reid AF, J Lab Clin Med 33: 841, 1948).

Subsequently, Schreiner succeeded in eliminating pentobarbital toxic substances in patients by adsorption using a lactate anion exchange resin column in 1958, but failed to remove large amounts of drugs (Ref. Schreiner GE, Arch Intern Med 102: 896, 1958).

By 1964, significant amounts of substances such as barbital, phenobarbital, pentobarbital, salicylic acid and glutethimide from plasma were used in vitro using particulate activated carbon columns. Can be adsorbed and further clinically studied (Ref .: Yatzidis H., Proc Eur Dial Transpl Assoc 1:83, 1964). However, clinical applications have observed side effects such as hot flashes, dyspnea, platelet deficiency and decreased fibrinogen levels.

In general, when blood comes in contact with a foreign substance, hemolysis or coagulation occurs, and thus blood coagulation occurs in direct contact with activated carbon. Therefore, technology development in various fields has been progressed for coagulation, blood cell destruction, and prevention of carbon inflow by activated carbon powder.

Later, recent studies have shown that activated carbon coated with polymer solutions such as albumin-collodion, acrylic hydrogel (2%; Acrylic hydrogel), cellulose acetate (2%), polyhydroxy ethyl methacrylate, and the like. Perfusion of the blood with the agent has been shown to eliminate these unwanted phenomena, including platelet reduction, blood coagulation, and the like (Chang TMS, Artificial Cells, 1972).

However, the DHP technology has been used for the purpose of assisting hemodialysis, and since the 1980s, it is useful as an artificial detoxifying organ that removes the substance from the blood of patients with acute drug poisoning by utilizing the function of activated carbon which rapidly adsorbs various drugs. It is used.

Through these studies, the use of polymer-coated activated carbon as an adsorbent has made it possible to some extent to remove various toxic substances including heavy metals, pesticides, and harmful drugs in the blood, but conventional perfusion techniques using activated carbon in the blood No harmful virus could be removed.

Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention after endeavoring to develop an adsorbent for removing viruses in a sample by an immunosorbent method.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a virus immunosorbent composition for immunosorbing and removing viruses in various samples and without side effects such as blood cell destruction and blood clotting.

It is another object of the present invention to develop a device for simple and easy removal of viruses in various samples such as blood using the immunosorbent composition.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an in vitro blood treatment system for applying the virus removal device of the present invention directly to the blood of the human body.

1 is a diagram illustrating micropores and macropores, which are binding sites where substances in granular activated carbon are adsorbed and bound.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a virus removal device of the present invention, wherein the device is provided with an inlet, an outlet, and a column. FIG.

Figure 3 is an example of applying the virus removal device of the present invention directly to the human body, schematically showing a human extracorporeal blood treatment system.

4 is a view showing an example in which the virus removal device of the present invention is applied to remove the virus of the blood donation blood.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: Micropore 2: Macropore

3: virus removal device 4: column

5: entrance 6: exit

7: blood sampling means 8: blood injection means

9: arterial blood pressure detection means 10: blood pump

11: vein blood pressure detection means 12: transfusion pack

The present invention is directed to a virus immunosorbent composition mainly composed of activated carbon and ganban stone coated with an immunoactive agent, an apparatus for removing viruses in various samples using the same, and an in vitro blood treatment system for directly applying the virus removal apparatus to blood of a human body. It is about.

In general, charcoal is 70-90% of the crystals made of carbon, and has been known to remove various harmful toxic substances such as heavy metals, pesticides, nicotine, carcinogens, bacteria and odors by adsorption. In particular, activated carbon is applied by adding water vapor of 600-900 ° C. to carbonized charcoal in order to activate the adsorption force, which is the biggest characteristic of carbonized charcoal by thermal decomposition of wood, which is a material of charcoal, to make more holes. It is physically heat treated and reworked. Since activated carbon is porous with countless pores, its surface area is more than 500 m 2 / g (about 150 pyeong) per g, and the number and surface area of pores are much greater than those of ordinary charcoal, which is useful for medical applications.

The adsorption power of activated carbon is because a myriad of various sizes of pores (pores) in the activated carbon provide a binding site for adsorbing and bonding various materials. The more holes in activated carbon, the higher the adsorption power. These pores are classified as macropores with a diameter of> 500Å, mesopores with a diameter of 20-500 및, and micropores with a size of <20Å, the smaller the diameter, the better the adsorbent. Effect.

Conventional direct blood perfusion techniques using activated carbon or coated activated carbon as an adsorbent have been able to remove bacteria, including various toxic substances, but not even viruses causing various fatal diseases.

However, the inventors of the present invention have been able to remove bacteria as well as viruses by properly mixing and using ganbanite in activated carbon coated with an immunoactive agent.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a viral immunosorbent composition comprising activated carbon coated with immunoactive agent and elvan.

The activated carbon used in the composition of the present invention is coated with a base solution to prevent blood coagulation and to selectively immunosorb only the virus. In this case, a mixture of two or more base solutions selected from the group consisting of A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), T (thymine) and U (uracil) in equal amounts is used as the base solution. Preference is given to using a mixture of A, G, C, T and U in a 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 mixture. Activated carbon coated with a base solution is prepared by immersing activated carbon in the base solution mixture at room temperature for 1 to 3 hours and then drying for 40 to 60 hours.

In the composition of the present invention, the coated activated carbon and elvan are blended in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1, and preferably homogeneously blended in a weight ratio of 1: 1. The particles of activated carbon and elvan are used as particles having a diameter of 200 to 300 µm for activated carbon, and particles having a diameter of 100 to 200 µm for elvan, and the average pore size of the activated carbon and elvan is combined. It is advantageous that the size of is 20 to 50㎛, and the mesh rate is 25 to 45%.

The immunosorbent composition of the present invention can be used for all kinds of samples that are expected to contain a virus, and in particular, it is effective for use in blood samples infected with a virus.

In addition, the composition of the present invention is capable of adsorbing and removing all viruses and viral precursors regardless of the type of virus, and is particularly suitable for use in removing AIDS disease virus (HIV) or hepatitis virus (HBV, etc.) without special treatment.

The composition of the present invention can be used through various methods of contacting the composition itself with various samples, and in particular, it is convenient to use it by filling in a column.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a virus removal apparatus having an inlet for injecting a sample, an outlet for discharging a virus-free sample, and a column filled with an immunosorbent composition comprising activated carbon and elvan, coated as an immunoactive agent. .

Using this apparatus, various viruses contained in the sample can be removed by the column immunosorbent composition. In particular, when blood of a patient suffering from a viral disease such as AIDS patient or hepatitis patient is collected and perfused into the column through the inlet of the apparatus of the present invention, HIV virus or HBV in the blood sample may be obtained by the immunosorbent composition filled in the column. Various viruses can be effectively removed to treat these patients or to reduce the likelihood of infection through transfusion from these patients.

A case of applying the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2 as follows.

First, prior to blood perfusion, air in the column 4 is removed by passing a large amount of saline into the column 4 filled with the immunosorbent composition of the present invention. Then, slowly inject the sample that is estimated to contain the virus through the inlet (5) attached to the column (4). When the sample is injected into the column 4, the virus in the sample is immunosorbed into the pores of the activated carbon and elvan, while passing through the column 4 filled with the immunosorbent composition containing activated carbon and elvan. The remaining samples, except the adsorbed virus, are discharged through the outlet 6 attached to the column.

The amount of adsorbent composition filled in the column is 200 to 400 g per column, and the column may be in various forms such as cylindrical or ellipsoidal. The diameter is 3 to 8 cm and the length is 10 to 30 cm. Materials used for dialysis / filtration columns, such as plastic and glass, are used, and these are selected according to the type and amount of sample to be perfused, the type of commercial column, and the convenience of manufacturing.

Typically, for blood, the rate of blood flow through the column is approximately 300 ml / min, which takes between 10 and 20 minutes to pass through one column.

When the sample is passed through the apparatus according to the present invention, about 80% of the virus contained in the sample is usually adsorbed and removed from the column in one perfusion.

The apparatus of the present invention may use a plurality of columns separated in order one by one in actual use, or in some cases, by directly connecting a plurality of columns in series.

The apparatus of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, through the blood flow from the arteries of the human body directly through the tube into the column, and the blood flow from the existing in vitro blood therapy system by injecting the discharged blood back into the vein of the human body It is also possible to install and use inside. In this case, the device is installed in the same way as for the dialysis / filtration column in the hemodialysis / filtration system, and it is also possible to use other means used in the system in the extracorporeal blood treatment system of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 for an extracorporeal blood treatment system including the virus removal device of the present invention, the system is a blood collection means (7) for collecting blood from the arteries of the human body, the collected blood Mounted on the moving tube and passed through arterial pressure detection means 9 for monitoring blood pressure, blood pump 10, virus removal device 3 for adsorption and removal of viruses from the collected blood, and virus removal device. Vein pressure detection means (11) mounted on a tube into which blood is to be moved, preferably having a bubble remover, for monitoring blood pressure, and blood injection means (8) for injecting circulated blood back into the vein of the human body It is provided. In some cases, an injection hole for adding heparin may be included to prevent blood coagulation.

Through this system, in treating a patient suffering from a viral disease, the blood pump is operated to collect blood from the patient's artery through blood collection means, and the blood collected through the connected tube through the inlet of the virus removal device. When the immunosorbent composition is injected into the packed column, the adsorbent composition of the present invention including activated carbon and ganban stone coated with a base solution passes through the packed column to allow the virus to be immunosorbed into the pores of the activated carbon and ganban stone. do. The virus-free blood is then discharged through the outlet attached to the column, which is then injected back into the patient's vein through a connected tube.

The blood of the virus disease patients who passed this process is about 80% of the virus is removed compared to the blood before passing through the virus removal device, and by repeating this process several times, it is more effective and easier to treat the virus in the blood for treatment with pharmacotherapy It can be eliminated, so that the resulting viral diseases can be treated without anticipated side effects of drug treatment.

In addition, the apparatus of the present invention can be used to remove the virus contained in the donated blood by perfusion of the collected blood by directly connecting to the blood collecting means, as shown in FIG. Blood donation blood undergoes this process, so the virus is removed before blood transfusion, thus providing an effect of preventing the transmission of virus-infected blood transfusion.

The virus immunoadsorbent composition and the virus removal device using the same according to the present invention can easily and effectively remove the virus in a sample, thereby treating a patient suffering from a disease caused by a virus during clinical application without the side effects anticipated in drug treatment, and developing a virus. Or protects the patient from viral infection due to transfusion of blood collected from carriers with latent viruses, thereby providing an excellent effect to prevent the development of viral diseases in advance. In addition, by using the composition and the device of the present invention, it is possible to remove in advance the possible virus in the sample to be tested in various tests and analysis, thereby obtaining more accurate test results.

Since the immunosorbent composition and the virus removal device of the present invention use activated carbon and elvan, which are coated with a base solution, they are harmless to the human body and can effectively remove viruses in the blood in a short time without causing blood coagulation. Excellent efficacy can be expected in clinical and trials of related diseases.

Claims (12)

Viral immunosorbent composition comprising coated activated carbon and elvan. The method of claim 1, Wherein said coated activated carbon is activated carbon coated with a base solution. The method of claim 2, Wherein said base solution is a mixture of two or more base solutions selected from the group consisting of A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), T (thymine) and U (uracil). The method of claim 3, wherein The mixture of the selected base solution is characterized in that the mixture in the same proportion by weight. The method of claim 1, The coated activated carbon and elvan are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1. The method of claim 5, The coated activated carbon and elvan are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1. The method of claim 1, And wherein the mesh rate of the mixture packed in said column is between 25 and 45%. A virus removal device comprising an inlet for injecting a sample, an outlet for discharging a sample, and a column filled with the adsorbent composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The method of claim 8, And the sample is blood. The method of claim 9, The virus to be removed in the blood sample is characterized in that the AIDS virus (HIV) or hepatitis virus (HBV). A human extracorporeal blood treatment system comprising a blood sampling means, a blood injection means and a column filled with an immunosorbent composition, wherein the immunosorbent composition comprises activated carbon and elvan coated with a base solution. The method of claim 11, And further comprising a blood pressure detection means and a blood pump.