KR101337493B1 - Pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste, capable of reducing emissions of pollutants and improving yield by indirectly heating and pyrolyzing organic waste under a high temperature anaerobic or hypoxic atmosphere. For the purpose, the pyrolysis apparatus comprises a body of a drier (110) including a main hopper (150) for receiving organic waste and including a drying screw for transferring the waste to remove moisture contained in the organic waste; a drying room (140) installed outside the body of a drier (110) to heat waste by an indirect heating method; a body of a pyrolyzer (210) including a pyrolysis screw for transferring, melting and vaporizing waste supplied from the body of a drier (110), having a first pyrolysis body (211), a second pyrolysis body (213) and a third pyrolysis body (215) expanding on different levels in a transfer direction of waste, and transferring waste with the second pyrolysis body (213) included to be able to rotate by using the difference in rotation rates from the pyrolysis screw; a pyrolysis room (240) installed outside the body of a pyrolyzer (210) to intercommunicate with the drying room (140) and continuously pyrolyzing waste by an indirect heating method keeping a high-temperature atmosphere containing low oxygen; and a combustion room (250) placed at a side of the pyrolysis room (240) and supplying heat to the pyrolysis room (240) by combusting non-condensed gas among pyrolysis gas being generated in the pyrolysis of waste to be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing waste being transferred to the body of a pyrolyzer (210). [Reference numerals] (700) Gas purifying tool;(800) Refined oil generating tool;(900) Charcoal molding tool;(AA) Air compression tool;(BB) Cooling heat exchanger;(CC) Discharge to the atmosphere

Description

Pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste}

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste, and more particularly, to pyrolysis of organic waste indirectly by applying heat indirectly under high temperature, anoxic or low oxygen atmosphere to reduce the emission of pollutants and to improve the yield. Relates to a device.

In general, the increase in factories due to industrial development increases the amount of hardly degradable wastes, and the diversification of the food culture results in a significant increase in the amount of organic wastes such as food wastes containing a lot of water and livestock wastes from livestock farms. have. However, in order to incinerate these organic wastes by drying and burning them by using a predetermined incineration apparatus, processing costs and space limitations are faced, so most of the wastes are landfilled or illegally disposed.

As a result, soil and groundwater are seriously contaminated due to leachate generated from organic wastes.

In order to treat such organic waste, methane gasification facility, composting facility, drying facility, earthworm treatment method and batch type pyrolysis device are applied.In order to gasify, space for storing and treating large amount of organic waste for a long time It requires a high degree of equipment for treating and gas, and it is harmful to the environment such as salt concentration to compost, and the operation of the drying equipment that requires a lot of energy was a problem. In addition, environmentally friendly methods of treating organisms such as earthworms are being considered, but it is difficult to treat organic wastes because there are potential problems such as waste disposal for several months when difficult creatures die by mistake. There is this.

Conventionally used pyrolysis apparatus is a batch method of putting a certain amount of waste into the pyrolysis chamber, and then heats the pyrolysis chamber to a predetermined temperature by applying a high temperature heat from the outside by closing the lid, thereby pyrolyzing the waste. Batch methods are employed to convert liquid, gas and solid materials.

By the way, the batch-type pyrolysis method has a lot of difficulties in pyrolysis of wastes mixed with various materials, especially difficult to handle a large volume, and smooth heat transfer when foreign substances (supernatant, soil, nonferrous metals, etc.) are mixed. There is a limit in producing a usable energy source from the waste, so that the value of use falls.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, when the organic waste is thermally decomposed by applying heat indirectly in a high temperature, oxygen-free or low oxygen atmosphere, to provide a pyrolysis apparatus that can treat a large amount of organic waste in a small space. It aims to do it.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis apparatus capable of sufficiently removing foreign substances such as chlorine contained in pyrolysis gas generated after pyrolysis to increase the purity of oil or gas extracted after pyrolysis.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, having a main hopper 150 into which the organic waste is input, the dryer body having a drying screw for transporting the waste to remove the moisture contained in the organic waste ( 110); A drying chamber 140 installed outside the dryer body 110 to apply heat to the waste by indirect heating; A pyrolysis screw for transporting, melting and vaporizing waste provided from the dryer body 110 is provided, and includes a first pyrolysis body 211 and a second pyrolysis body 213 and a third pyrolysis body along the conveying direction of the waste. 215 is formed to expand stepped, the second pyrolysis body 213 is provided to be rotatable pyrolysis body 210 for transporting waste by the rotation speed difference with the pyrolysis screw; A pyrolysis chamber 240 installed outside the pyrolyzer body 210 so as to communicate with the drying chamber 140 so as to maintain a high temperature and low oxygen atmosphere to continuously pyrolyze the waste by indirect heating; In addition, the pyrolysis chamber 240 is provided at one side of the pyrolysis chamber 240 to burn non-condensed gas of pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis of the waste so as to be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing the waste transferred to the pyrolyzer body 210. It is characterized in that it comprises a combustion chamber 250 for supplying heat to).

In addition, a sealing unit may be provided between the first pyrolysis body 211 and the second pyrolysis body 213, and between the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215.

And the inlet portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 is formed in a circular shape so that no gap is formed with the pyrolysis screw, the middle portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 is streamlined so that a predetermined space can be formed with the pyrolysis screw. It is formed, the rear end of the third pyrolysis body 215 is preferably formed in a circular shape so that no gap is formed with the pyrolysis screw.

And it is preferable that the discharge hole 223 is formed in the screw blades of the pyrolysis screw provided in the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215 section.

And the dryer body 110, the first drying body 111, the second drying body 113, and the third drying body 115 is formed to extend stepwise along the conveying direction of the waste, the second drying Body 113 is preferably provided to be rotatable to transfer the waste by the difference in rotational speed with the drying screw.

And it is preferable that a sealing unit is provided between the first dry body 111 and the second dry body 113, the second dry body 113 and the third dry body 115, respectively.

In addition, the inlet portion of the third drying body 115 is formed in a circular shape so that no gap is formed with the drying screw, and the middle portion of the third drying body 115 is streamlined to form a predetermined space with the drying screw. Is formed, it is preferable that the rear end of the third drying body 115 is formed in a circular shape so that no gap is formed with the drying screw.

And it is preferable that the discharge hole 123 is formed in the screw blades of the drying screw provided in the second drying body 113 and the third drying body 115 section.

In addition, the gas retention tower 510 may be provided above the middle portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 of the pyrolysis body to retain the pyrolysis gas generated during the pyrolysis of the waste for a predetermined time.

In addition, it is preferable that a spiral screw 520 is provided inside the gas retention tower 510 to separate tar and carbonized material attached to the inner wall of the gas retention tower.

And one side of the gas retention tower is preferably provided with a desalination device for removing chlorine in the pyrolysis gas.

And it is preferable to further include a gas purification means 700 for purifying the pyrolysis gas from which chlorine is removed from the desalination apparatus.

And it is preferable to further comprise a refining oil production means 800 for generating biodiesel after sedimentation and condensation of the pyrolysis gas from which the chlorine is removed from the dechlorination reaction tower.

And it is preferable to further include a carbonized material discharge means for continuously discharging the carbonized material generated after pyrolysis from the pyrolysis chamber 240.

And it is preferable that the blocking protrusion 113a is formed at a predetermined interval inside the second drying body 113.

In addition, the screw blades 121 formed on the drying screw repeatedly increase and decrease the size of the outer diameter so as to correspond to a portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is formed and a portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is not formed. It is preferably formed.

According to the present invention as described above, by rotating a portion of the pyrolyzer body together with the pyrolysis screw to maximize the heat providing area during the pyrolysis has the effect of pyrolyzing a large amount of organic waste in a small space.

In addition, since the desalination removal apparatus is provided in duplicate, the amount of chlorine removed in the pyrolysis gas can be minimized, thereby increasing the purity of oil or gas extracted after pyrolysis of waste.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to further the understanding of the technical idea of the invention, It should not be construed as limited.
1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 is a partial perspective view showing the "X", "Y" display portion of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating lines AA, BB, CC, DD, EE, FF, and GG of FIG. 1;
4 is a partially enlarged view illustrating a display portion “Z” of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a “W” display unit of FIG. 1;
Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram showing a refined oil production process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the embodiment described below does not unduly limit the content of the present invention described in the claims, and the entire structure described in this embodiment is not necessarily essential as the solution means of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, the organic waste pyrolysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the drying means for drying the moisture contained in the pulverized waste, pyrolysis means for pyrolyzing the dried waste by heating, when the thermal decomposition of the waste Gas reforming means for removing chlorine from the generated pyrolysis gas, gas purification means for recovering heat source for pyrolysis and drying using the reformed gas, and carbon char discharged after pyrolysis from pyrolysis means continuously discharged It comprises a carbonized material discharge means to.

The pyrolysis principle used in the pyrolysis system of the present embodiment configured as described above is that when organic waste is indirectly heated in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere, a pyrolysis space is formed in a reducing atmosphere, and the waste is decomposed and evaporated into a gas or a liquid. It will remain char.

That is, it can be seen that the organic waste + heat = gas (non-condensed gas) + liquid (biodiesel) + solid (char).

The drying means continuously thermally decomposes the introduced organic waste and receives residual heat remaining from the pyrolysis means for drying, and includes a dryer body 110 having a predetermined diameter. Inside the dryer body 110, a rotatable drying screw is installed horizontally to dry the moisture contained in the organic waste. The drying screw is configured to include a drive shaft 120 connected to the drive motor 130, and a screw blade 121 formed on the outside of the drive shaft 120. The drying screw is rotated by receiving power from the drive motor 130.

The dryer body 110 may be divided into multiple stages. In an embodiment of the present invention, the dryer body 110 is divided into three stages. And one side of the dryer body 110 is provided with a main hopper 150 for the input of waste, the first drying body 111 and the second, according to the progress of the waste supplied from the main hopper 150, the second It is divided into a dry body 113, and a third dry body 115, each body is formed stepped so that the inner diameter is expanded step by step.

The first drying body 111 is installed to be fixed, and the waste screw is transferred from the main hopper 150 to the first drying body 111 while the drying screw is rotated. In addition, waste detection sensors 151 and 152 are provided at a lower portion of the main hopper 150 so that the amount of waste introduced into the main hopper 150 may be constantly stored.

The waste detection sensors 151 and 152 automatically adjust the amount of waste introduced from the organic waste input conveyor (not shown) so that the organic waste does not always fall below a set value (below the lower waste detection sensor).

In the second drying body 113, the waste is heated in earnest, and the waste is preheated until moisture evaporates, and the drying efficiency is maximized by providing a sufficient heat transfer area. The second drying body 113 is provided with a rotating motor 160 on one side, so that the second drying body 113 is rotatable.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 3G, power is transmitted to the drive gear 164 through the belts 161 and 162 to transmit the driving force of the rotary motor 160. A driven gear 113b is formed on the outer circumference of the second drying body 113, and the driving gear 164 and the driven gear 113b are engaged to each other to drive the force generated in the rotary motor 160. The second drying body 113 is rotated by being transferred to the body 113.

4 and 3F, at least one tire 113c is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the second drying body 113. The tire 113c is supported by the support roller 166 to allow the second drying body 113 to rotate stably.

At this time, the second drying body 113 is rotated at a relatively slow speed compared to the drying screw, the waste is first dried by the difference in the rotational speed of the second drying body 113 and the drying screw. It is gradually moved relative to the moving speed in the body 111. Thus, it is possible to provide at least three times more heat transfer area than when the body is fixed, allowing more waste to be dried in less space.

On the other hand, the blocking protrusion 113a is formed at a predetermined interval on the inner circumference of the second drying body 113. The organic waste may be prevented from flowing backward in the second drying body 113 which is rotated by the blocking protrusion 113a. In addition, since the organic waste transferred to the second drying body 113 is transferred through the respective blocking protrusions 113a step by step, the organic waste can sufficiently remain in the drying 2 body 113 section. Thus, the drying effect can be maximized.

At this time, the screw blade 121 of the drying screw in the section of the second drying body 113 to correspond to the portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is formed, and the portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is not formed. It is formed by repeatedly increasing and decreasing the size of the outer diameter.

The first sealing unit 112 is provided between the rear end of the first drying body 111 and the front end of the second drying body 113. The first sealing unit 112 has the same configuration as the second sealing 216 which will be described later, and is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 5.

Specifically, the first sealing unit 112 is configured to include a first bushing coupled to the first flange portion formed in the front end of the second body, and a second bushing coupled to the front end of the first bushing. Packings are provided on the inner circumferences of the first bushing and the second bushing, respectively, to double seal between the first body and the second body.

Waste does not leak between steps formed between the first drying body 111 and the second drying body 113 by the first sealing unit 112, and the first drying body 111 does not leak the second drying body. Waste flow naturally occurs at 113. In addition, due to the first sealing unit 112, the friction caused by the rotation of the first drying body 111 and the second drying body 113 is minimized, and the first drying body 111 and the second drying The body 113 can be maintained at an accurate level.

In the third drying body 115 is a section in which water evaporates in earnest, and the front end portion 115a of the third drying body 115 is a screw of the drying screw for connection with the second drying body 113. It is formed in a circular shape so as to correspond to the wing 121 (see FIG. 3C), and the middle portion 115b of the third drying body 115 has a streamlined structure to form a space on the upper portion of the screw wing 121 to evaporate. The moisture that is released can be naturally discharged (see FIG. 3D). And the rear end 115c of the third drying body 115 is formed in a circular shape so as to correspond to the outer diameter of the screw blades again (see FIG. 3e) to allow the dried waste to move to the pyrolysis means through the moving passage.

A second sealing unit 116 is provided between the rear end of the second dry body 113 and the front end of the third dry body 115. Waste does not leak between steps formed between the second drying body 113 and the third drying body 115 by the second sealing unit 116, and the second drying body 113 to the third drying body. In 115, the inflow of waste takes place naturally. In addition, due to the second sealing unit 116, the friction caused by the rotation of the second drying body 113 and the third drying body 115 is minimized, and the second drying body 113 and the third drying The body 115 can be kept level.

On the other hand, the outer side of the dryer body 110 is provided with a drying chamber 140 of the hollow body made of a non-combustible material. A combustion chamber 170 is provided below the drying chamber 140, and a burner 171 is provided in the combustion chamber 170 to heat the dryer body 110.

The drying process is an endothermic reaction by indirect heat, it is preferable to control the amount of oxygen in the drying chamber 140 to lower the risk of fire. That is, the drying heat source of the drying chamber 140 is used as it is supplied with a high-temperature heat source of 500 ℃ or more discharged from the pyrolysis chamber 240 to be described later, the drying chamber 140 to communicate with the upper side of the pyrolysis chamber 240. The drying process is smoothly performed by the natural heat flow due to convection.

On the other hand, the upper side of the drying chamber 140 is provided with a heat exchanger 142, before the organic waste is introduced into the main hopper 150, the pure liquid waste, such as water is sufficiently preheated in the heat exchanger 142 It is continuously introduced into the dryer body 110, the dry matter containing moisture in the organic waste is continuously introduced into the dryer body 110 through the slide gate and passed through the stepped drying body (111, 113, 115) of the three steps described above While drying is made, the moisture is evaporated and discharged to the outside of the dryer body (110).

In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature for pyrolyzing organic waste is made between 350 ~ 500 ℃, this temperature is the internal temperature of the pyrolyzer body 210 and the heating temperature of the heat source used for external heating is 800 ~ 950 The temperature of the waste heat when it decomposes organic waste and throws it outside is since the temperature reaches 500 degreeC. Pyrolysis and discarded waste heat does not pyrolyze more than drying in the drying means in the range of the temperature at which pyrolysis does not occur. Therefore, the waste heat discarded after pyrolysis is suitable as a heat source for drying, so that drying is performed with this heat source.

The drying means is located above the pyrolysis means to reduce the amount of heat and time to increase the pyrolysis temperature for heating the waste introduced into the pyrolysis means with moisture evaporated so that a large amount of waste can be treated in a small area. It is composed.

Moisture evaporated to the drying means is discharged through the discharge port 119 formed on the upper side of the third drying body 115, the discharged water is moved to the condensate storage tank through the water vapor collecting device is processed through a water treatment device. .

On the other hand, the discharge hole 123 is formed in the central portion of the screw blade in the section of the second dry body 113 and the third dry body 115. Since the discharge hole 123 is formed in the screw blade, the moisture generated during the drying process may naturally move to the discharge port 119.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the said thermal decomposition means is demonstrated. The pyrolysis means is configured to include a pyrolyzer body 210 to continuously pyrolyze waste by indirect heating by maintaining an atmosphere of high temperature and low oxygen. Inside the pyrolyzer body 210, a pyrolysis screw for transporting and pyrolyzing waste introduced through the automatic input device 400 is rotatably installed by the drive motor 260.

The pyrolysis screw is configured to include a drive shaft 220 connected to the drive motor 230, and a screw blade 221 formed on the outside of the drive shaft 220. The pyrolysis screw is rotated by receiving power from the driving motor 230.

On the outside of the pyrolyzer body 210 is provided a pyrolysis chamber 240 made of a heat insulator that continuously thermally decomposes waste by indirect heating by maintaining an atmosphere of a high temperature (350 ~ 500 ℃) and a low oxygen state.

On the other hand, CH ₄ , C ₃ H ₈ , C ₅ H ₁₂ (methane gas, propane gas, butane gas) are the main gases among the pyrolysis gases generated during pyrolysis of wastes, with little carbon ring condensation. Under the pyrolysis chamber 240 is provided with a combustion chamber 250 for supplying high temperature heat to the pyrolysis chamber 240, as shown in Figure 3b to use it as a heat source for pyrolyzing the waste transported by burning it. In the combustion chamber 250, a burner 251 is provided.

The pyrolyzer body 210 is divided into a first pyrolyzed body 211, a second pyrolyzed body 213, and a third pyrolyzed body 215 in accordance with the progress of waste, such as the dryer body 110. Each body is stepped to enlarge the inner diameter step by step to perform the pyrolysis process through a three-step process. At this time, the first pyrolysis body 211 and the third pyrolysis body 215 are fixed and installed, the second pyrolysis body 213 is installed to be rotatable.

In the section of the first pyrolysis body 211, waste introduced from the drying means is transferred to the second pyrolysis body 213 by rotation of the pyrolysis screw, and in the section of the second pyrolysis body 213, pyrolysis screw. The waste is moved by the difference in the rotational speed between the second pyrolysis body 213 and is a portion where the thermal decomposition of preheating, heating, and vaporization is substantially performed. In the third pyrolysis body 215 section, the remaining pyrolysis residues are discharged and the pyrolysis gas is transferred to the second pyrolysis chamber.

Specifically, the configuration of each of the pyrolyzer body 210 will be described.

First, the first pyrolysis body 211 is installed to be fixed, and the waste introduced from the drying means is moved to the second pyrolysis body 213 while the pyrolysis screw rotates.

At this time, a first sealing unit 212 is provided between the rear end of the first pyrolysis body 211 and the front end of the second pyrolysis body 213. The first sealing unit 212 has the same configuration as the second sealing 216, which will be described later, is the same as the configuration shown in FIG.

Specifically, the first sealing unit 212 includes a first bushing coupled to the first flange portion formed at the front end of the second body, and a second bushing coupled to the front end of the first bushing. Packings are provided on the inner circumferences of the first bushing and the second bushing, respectively, to double seal between the first body and the second body.

Waste does not leak between the steps formed between the first pyrolysis body 211 and the second pyrolysis body 213 by the first sealing unit 212, and the second pyrolysis body in the first pyrolysis body 211 does not leak. Waste flows naturally into 213. Accordingly, the pyrolysis of the waste moving from the first pyrolysis body 211 to the second pyrolysis body 213 occurs naturally. In addition, due to the first sealing unit 212, the friction caused by the rotation of the first pyrolysis body 211 and the second pyrolysis body 213 is minimized, and the first pyrolysis body 211 and the second pyrolysis The body 213 may be maintained at an accurate level, and prevents backflow of waste from the second pyrolysis body 213 to the first pyrolysis body 211.

Next, a rotation motor 260 is provided at one side of the second pyrolysis body 213 so that the second pyrolysis body 213 is rotatable. At this time, the second pyrolysis body 213 is supported by the tire 213c so that the second pyrolysis body 213 is stably rotated.

Specifically, power is transmitted to the drive gear 264 through the belts 261 and 262 to transmit the driving force of the rotary motor 260. A driven gear 213b is formed at an outer circumference of the second pyrolysis body 213, and the driving gear 264 and the driven gear 213b are meshed with each other so that the driving force generated in the rotary motor 260 is the second. The pyrolysis body 213 is transferred to the second pyrolysis body 213 to rotate.

At least one tire 213c is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the second pyrolysis body 213. The tire 213c is supported by the support roller 266 so that the second pyrolysis body 213 can stably rotate.

At this time, the second pyrolysis body 213 is rotated at a relatively slow speed compared to the pyrolysis screw, the waste is due to the difference between the rotational speed of the pyrolysis screw provided inside the second pyrolysis body 213 It is gradually moved compared with the inside of the first pyrolysis body 211. Therefore, it is possible to provide at least three times more heat transfer area than when the second pyrolysis body 213 is fixed, so that more waste can be pyrolyzed in a smaller space.

As the waste is moved in the second pyrolysis body 213 section, the waste is completely vaporized from solid to liquid, liquid to gaseous substance, and the residue of the waste which loses physical properties is carbon 3. The body 215 is moved to the section.

A second sealing unit 216 is provided between the rear end of the second pyrolysis body 213 and the front end of the third pyrolysis body 215. The second sealing unit 216 minimizes friction caused by rotation of the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215, and the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215. ) Can be accurately leveled.

The third pyrolysis body 215 is fixedly installed, the front end portion 215a of the third pyrolysis body 215 and the screw blade 221 of the pyrolysis screw for the connection with the second pyrolysis body 213 It is formed in a circular shape (see FIG. 3C), and the middle portion 215b of the third pyrolysis body 215 is formed in a streamlined structure so that a space is formed in the upper portion of the screw blade 221 (see FIG. 3D). . The pyrolysis gas generated at the time of pyrolysis temporarily stays in the space above the screw blades, and the pyrolysis gas can be smoothly moved to the gas retention tower 510 which will be described later.

The rear end portion 215c of the third pyrolysis body 215 is a section for discharging the ash which has undergone all the pyrolysis, and is formed in a circular shape so as to correspond to the outer diameter of the screw blade so that a gap between the screw blade and the third pyrolysis body 215 is obtained. Minimize (see FIG. 3E). Accordingly, fly ash generated after pyrolysis is prevented from moving to the gas retention tower 510.

On the other hand, the discharge hole 223 is formed in the central portion of the screw blade in the section of the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215. Since the discharge hole 223 is formed in the screw vane, the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process may naturally move to the gas retention tower 510, and the stirring of the waste may be performed smoothly, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency.

And one side of the pyrolyzer body 210 is provided with a nitrogen input device (not shown). When a fire occurs due to inadvertent use or malfunction of equipment during operation of the pyrolyzer, it is possible to extinguish the fire by injecting nitrogen into the pyrolyzer body 210 from the nitrogen input device.

When the pyrolysis is completely discharged from the pyrolyzer body 210 is discharged continuously, when the ash is discharged through the valve body 620, such as a slide gate or a rotary valve provided on one side of the third pyrolysis body 215. External air may be blocked from entering the pyrolyzer body 210.

Next, the gas reforming means is a gas detention tower 510 connected to the outlet side of the pyrolyzer body 210 and a first desalination apparatus 550 and a second desalination apparatus for removing chlorine from the reformed gas. And 560.

The spiral screw 520 in the gas retention tower 510 so as to ensure a sufficient residence time of the heat source in the process of discharging the heat source supplied from the combustion chamber 250 after heating the waste in the pyrolyzer body 210. Is provided. The gas is discharged while rotating spirally along the spiral screw 520 to secure a time for the gas to stay in the gas retention tower. A driving motor 530 is coupled to an upper end of the spiral screw 520 to provide a driving force for rotating the spiral screw 520 at a predetermined speed.

The pyrolysis gas generated inside the pyrolyzer body 210 is molecularly bonded at a high speed in the inner space of the gas retention tower 510, and detection starts from a substance having a large molecular weight having a long chain of carbon chains.

A wax or tar component mainly composed of 24 or more carbon chains is detected. The tar and dewaxing processes are performed in the inner space of the gas retention tower 510. At this time, the screw blade of the spiral screw 520 rotated by the drive motor 530 is configured to have an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the gas retention lead is tar or carbonized material attached to the inner peripheral surface of the gas retention tower 510 By scraping the role of separating from the inner circumferential surface of the gas retention tower 510.

The heat source supply chamber 540 is provided on the outside of the gas retention tower 510 to communicate with the pyrolysis chamber 240 through a connection passage. Since the heat source supply chamber 540 is provided, the temperature may be corrected so that the pyrolysis gas rising through the gas retention tower 510 does not condense.

That is, the high heat of about 800 ~ 900 ℃ used as indirect heat in the pyrolysis chamber 240 is introduced into the heat source supply chamber 540 surrounding the gas retention tower 510 while falling to about 500 ~ 600 ℃, the gas The temperature of the retention column 510 is maintained at about 200 ~ 250 ℃. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas in the gas retention tower 510 is transferred to the first desalination unit 550 without condensation.

In the first desalination apparatus 550, the chlorine gas is inevitably generated during the thermal decomposition of wastes containing PVC-based additives having chlorine-based components in the wastes.

The temperature of the gas retention tower 510 is calibrated to about 200 to 250 ° C. so that no chlorine compound is generated, and the first desalination unit 550 removes the chlorine component by exposing the pyrolysis gas to a basic aqueous solution. do. That is, in the first desalination apparatus 550, by chemical reaction of HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H ₂ O, reaction products having 7 to 23 carbon chains are continuously generated in pyrolysis gas to remove chlorine. .

One side of the first desalination unit 550 of the gas reforming means is provided with a second desalination unit 560 for additionally removing chlorine from the dechlorinated gas.

In the second desalination unit 560, since pyrolysis gas from which chlorine is first removed is continuously formed in the first desalination unit 550, molecular hydrogen is sprayed to quench the pyrolysis gas by spraying an aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. In this way, generation of benzenes can be suppressed, and long-chain formation of carbon chains can be suppressed to obtain biodiesel.

In addition, since the chemical reaction of HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H ₂ O is active, the gas with less carbon chain that is not condensed is discharged in a clean state. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the generation of wax with a long carbon chain.

When pyrolyzing wastes containing a large amount of oil components, tar, which is a black viscous liquid, is generated. The main components thereof are aromatic hydrocarbons, which form a stable form and bind with each other in the decomposed gas components. In order to minimize the generation of tar, the second desalting apparatus 560 minimizes the space and time at which tar can occur.

On one side of the second desalination apparatus 560, the refinery oil for storing the gas purification means 700 for purifying the dechlorinated pyrolysis gas and the biodiesel generated by condensation in the pyrolysis gas and supplying them to the combustion chamber 250. Generating means 800 is provided.

The gas purification means 700 includes a precipitation condensation apparatus for condensing the dechlorinated pyrolysis gas under a stable atmosphere to generate primary biodiesel, and a gas purification apparatus for improving gas quality. The gas purified through the gas purification means 700 is stored in the gas storage tank through a water seal device and then supplied to the combustion chamber 250 through a pressure regulating device to be used as a gas for combustion.

The purification oil producing means 800 is configured to include a storage tank for storing the primary biodiesel supplied from the precipitation condensation device, and an oil / water separator for separating the primary biodiesel stored in the storage tank.

The carbonization material discharge means is a configuration for discharging the carbonized material generated after pyrolysis from the pyrolyzer body 210, and comprises a discharge hopper 610 formed at the end of the pyrolyzer body 210.

Carbonization material generated after the pyrolysis is continuously discharged through the end of the pyrolyzer body 210, discharge hopper to block the pyrolysis gas discharged from the outside air and pyrolyzer body 210 when the carbonized material is discharged from the outside. The slide gate 620 is provided. The slide gate 620 is preferably configured in at least two stages to maximize the blocking of the outside and prevent malfunction.

The carbonized material continuously discharged through the carbonized material discharge means is discharged to the carbonized material forming means 900 to produce solid fuel. Since the discharged carbonized material is discharged by mixing foreign substances such as superfluous, iron, and non-ferrous metals together, the foreign materials and carbonized material are completely separated through the crushing device and sorting device, and then the foreign materials are removed, and only the carbonized material is passed through the molding device. It produces fuel having a shape, such as briquettes.

Hereinafter, to explain the thermal decomposition method of the organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Organic waste including food or manure, biomass, and the like is shredded to a predetermined size in a crusher after the arrival, and some wastes selected by selecting nonferrous metals through a sorter are recycled. Scrap material from the crushed waste is recycled through the magnetic sorting device.

The pulverized organic waste is introduced into the drying means through the main hopper 150, and the moisture contained in the waste is removed through a three-step drying process.

The organic waste from which water is removed is introduced into the pyrolyzer body 210 by a predetermined amount by the automatic metering means and the automatic feeding means.

The waste transferred to the pyrolyzer body 210 is pyrolyzed by an indirect heating method of a heat source provided to the pyrolysis chamber 240. When the waste is introduced into the pyrolyzer body 210, the waste is transferred to the right side based on FIG. 1. Waste that is melted and vaporized is continuously pyrolyzed by heat applied indirectly in the pyrolysis chamber 240 which maintains an atmosphere of high temperature and low oxygen.

At this time, while the second pyrolysis body 213 of the pyrolyzer body 210 rotates with the pyrolysis screw, the second pyrolysis body 213 moves slowly due to the difference in the rotational speed with the pyrolysis screw. At least three times more heat transfer area can be provided than when fixed. Therefore, it is possible to pyrolyze a large amount of waste in a small space.

The pyrolysis gas generated after pyrolysis is thermally decomposed by indirectly applying high temperature heat to the waste while staying in the gas retention tower 510 provided on the upper side of the pyrolyzer body 210 and then transferred to the dechlorination tower.

The pyrolysis gas transferred after the pyrolysis passes through the first desalting unit 550 and the second desalting unit 560 and then is transferred to the refining oil producing means 800.

And the carbonized material lost the properties after the pyrolysis is discharged through the discharge hopper provided on the lower side of the pyrolyzer body (210). At this time, the discharged carbonized material is discharged by mixing foreign matters such as superfluous, iron, non-ferrous metal, etc., and produces a fuel having a predetermined shape, such as briquettes, through a crusher and a sorting device.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment thereof, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and applications are possible. That is, those skilled in the art will readily understand that many modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the invention.

110: dryer body
111: The first dry body
113: the second dry body
115: The third dry body
210: pyrolyzer body
211: first body
213: second body
215: Third body
400: automatic feeding device
510: gas retention tower
610: discharge hopper
700: gas purification means
800: refining oil generating means

Claims (16)

A dryer body 110 having a main hopper 150 into which organic waste is input, and provided with a drying screw for transferring waste to remove moisture contained in the organic waste;
A drying chamber 140 installed outside the dryer body 110 to apply heat to the waste by indirect heating;
A pyrolysis screw for transporting, melting and vaporizing waste provided from the dryer body 110 is provided, and includes a first pyrolysis body 211 and a second pyrolysis body 213 and a third pyrolysis body along the conveying direction of the waste. 215 is formed to expand stepped, the second pyrolysis body 213 is provided to be rotatable pyrolysis body 210 for transporting waste by the rotation speed difference with the pyrolysis screw;
A pyrolysis chamber 240 installed outside the pyrolyzer body 210 so as to communicate with the drying chamber 140 so as to maintain a high temperature and low oxygen atmosphere to continuously pyrolyze the waste by indirect heating; And
The pyrolysis chamber 240 is provided at one side of the pyrolysis chamber 240 and burns non-condensing gas in pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis of the waste so as to be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing the waste transported to the pyrolyzer body 210. Including a combustion chamber 250 for supplying heat to
The inlet portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 is formed in a circular shape so as not to form a gap with the pyrolysis screw,
The middle portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 is formed in a streamline so that a predetermined space can be formed with the pyrolysis screw,
The rear end of the third pyrolysis body 215 is a pyrolysis device of organic waste, characterized in that formed in a circular shape so that no gap is formed with the pyrolysis screw.
The method of claim 1,
Pyrolysis of organic waste, characterized in that the sealing unit is provided between the first pyrolysis body 211 and the second pyrolysis body 213, the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215, respectively. Device.
delete A dryer body 110 having a main hopper 150 into which organic waste is input, and provided with a drying screw for transferring waste to remove moisture contained in the organic waste;
A drying chamber 140 installed outside the dryer body 110 to apply heat to the waste by indirect heating;
A pyrolysis screw for transporting, melting and vaporizing waste provided from the dryer body 110 is provided, and includes a first pyrolysis body 211 and a second pyrolysis body 213 and a third pyrolysis body along the conveying direction of the waste. 215 is formed to expand stepped, the second pyrolysis body 213 is provided to be rotatable pyrolysis body 210 for transporting waste by the rotation speed difference with the pyrolysis screw;
A pyrolysis chamber 240 installed outside the pyrolyzer body 210 so as to communicate with the drying chamber 140 so as to maintain a high temperature and low oxygen atmosphere to continuously pyrolyze the waste by indirect heating; And
The pyrolysis chamber 240 is provided at one side of the pyrolysis chamber 240 and burns non-condensing gas in pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis of the waste so as to be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing the waste transported to the pyrolyzer body 210. Including a combustion chamber 250 for supplying heat to
The pyrolysis device for organic waste, characterized in that the discharge hole 223 is formed in the screw blades of the pyrolysis screw provided in the second pyrolysis body 213 and the third pyrolysis body 215 section.
A dryer body 110 having a main hopper 150 into which organic waste is input, and provided with a drying screw for transferring waste to remove moisture contained in the organic waste;
A drying chamber 140 installed outside the dryer body 110 to apply heat to the waste by indirect heating;
A pyrolysis screw for transporting, melting and vaporizing waste provided from the dryer body 110 is provided, and includes a first pyrolysis body 211 and a second pyrolysis body 213 and a third pyrolysis body along the conveying direction of the waste. 215 is formed to expand stepped, the second pyrolysis body 213 is provided to be rotatable pyrolysis body 210 for transporting waste by the rotation speed difference with the pyrolysis screw;
A pyrolysis chamber 240 installed outside the pyrolyzer body 210 so as to communicate with the drying chamber 140 so as to maintain a high temperature and low oxygen atmosphere to continuously pyrolyze the waste by indirect heating; And
The pyrolysis chamber 240 is provided at one side of the pyrolysis chamber 240 and burns non-condensing gas in pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis of the waste so as to be used as a heat source for pyrolyzing the waste transported to the pyrolyzer body 210. Including a combustion chamber 250 for supplying heat to
The dryer body 110, the first drying body 111, the second drying body 113, and the third drying body 115 is formed to extend stepwise along the conveying direction of the waste, the second drying body 113 is provided to be rotatable pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste, characterized in that for transporting waste by the difference in rotational speed with the drying screw.
The method of claim 5, wherein
Pyrolysis of organic waste, characterized in that a sealing unit is provided between the first dry body 111 and the second dry body 113, the second dry body 113 and the third dry body 115, respectively. Device.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The inlet portion of the third drying body 115 is formed in a circular shape so as not to form a gap with the drying screw,
The middle portion of the third drying body 115 is formed in a streamline so that a predetermined space can be formed with the drying screw,
The rear end of the third drying body 115 is a pyrolysis device of organic waste, characterized in that formed in a circular shape so as not to form a gap with the drying screw.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The pyrolysis apparatus of the organic waste, characterized in that the discharge hole 123 is formed in the screw blades of the drying screw provided in the second drying body 113 and the third drying body 115 section.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 4, and 5,
Above the middle portion of the third pyrolysis body 215 of the pyrolysis body is a gas retention tower (510) for retaining the pyrolysis gas generated during the pyrolysis of the waste for a predetermined time, characterized in that the pyrolysis device for organic waste.
The method of claim 9,
Inside the gas retention tower (510), the pyrolysis device for organic waste, characterized in that the spiral screw (520) for separating the tar, carbonized material attached to the inner wall of the gas retention tower is provided.
The method of claim 9,
One side of the gas retention tower is a pyrolysis device for organic waste, characterized in that the desalination device for removing chlorine in the pyrolysis gas is provided.
The method of claim 11,
A pyrolysis device for organic waste, characterized in that it further comprises a gas purification means (700) for purifying the pyrolysis gas from which the chlorine is removed from the desalting apparatus.
The method of claim 11,
A pyrolysis apparatus for organic waste, characterized in that it further comprises a refining means for producing biodiesel after sedimentation and condensation of the pyrolysis gas from which the chlorine is removed from the desalting apparatus.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 4, and 5,
And pyrolysis means for continuously discharging carbonization material generated after pyrolysis from the pyrolysis chamber (240).
The method of claim 5, wherein
The pyrolysis apparatus of the organic waste, characterized in that the blocking projection (113a) is formed at a predetermined interval inside the second drying body (113).
The method of claim 15,
The screw blade 121 formed on the drying screw is formed by repeatedly increasing and decreasing the size of the outer diameter so as to correspond to a portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is formed and a portion where the blocking protrusion 113a is not formed. Pyrolysis device of organic waste, characterized in that.

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