KR100799368B1 - Dental implant appratus - Google Patents

Abstract

A dental implant device is provided to prevent shock form being transmitted to a fixture when shock of more than a predetermined level is given to a crown that is temporarily installed. A dental implant device includes a fixture(110), a crown(120) and an abutment. One side of the abutment is coupled to the fixture and the other side of the abutment is coupled to the crown. The abutment includes an abutment body(140) and a middle member(150). The abutment body is coupled to the fixture. The middle member is disposed between the abutment body and the crown. The outer surface of the middle member is coupled to the crown. The inner surface of the middle member is coupled to the abutment body by resin. When shock is transmitted to the resin from the outside, the resin is broken and thus the middle member is separated from the abutment body.

Description

Dental Implant Apparatus {Dental implant appratus}

1 shows an embodiment of a threaded implant mechanism according to the prior art.

2 shows another embodiment of a threaded implant mechanism according to the prior art.

3 shows a cement retaining implant mechanism according to the prior art.

4 is a view showing a state in which the implant mechanism of Figure 3 is installed.

5 is an exploded cross-sectional view of an implant device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view showing a state in which the implant mechanism according to Figure 5 is installed on the human body.

7 is a view showing a state in which the crown and the intermediate member is separated from the abutment body in the implant device according to FIG.

8 is a view showing a state in which the implant mechanism according to Figure 6 is installed to be inclined.

9 illustrates another embodiment of an implant instrument according to the present invention.

<Detailed Description of Drawings>

100 ... implant fixture 110 ... fixture

120 ... Crown 130 ... Abutment

140 ... abutment body 150 ... intermediate member

The present invention relates to a dental implant device, and more particularly to a dental implant device that allows the artificial tooth to be easily separated from the human body when excessive force is applied to the artificial tooth temporarily installed in the human body.

A dental implant generally refers to an artificial dental structure formed by implanting a fixture, which is an artificial tooth root, at a part or a whole where a tooth is missing, and adhering it to the alveolar bone, and fixing a prosthesis to the artificial root. . The term implant can be broadly used as a generic concept that includes such dental procedures, and can be used as narrowly as a fixture. However, in the present specification, the implant may be mainly interpreted as a general artificial tooth structure.

In general, an implant is a fixture that is coupled to the jawbone of the human body to form an artificial tooth, a crown that forms the appearance of an artificial tooth, and one side is coupled to the fixture and the other is an abutment that is coupled to the crown. It consists of an abutment.

The implant can be performed only on the lost part without damaging adjacent teeth or surrounding tissue around the lost tooth, supporting bone tissue, delaying the absorption of bone tissue, and forming aesthetics almost identical to natural teeth in appearance. can do. Therefore, implants have recently been widely used as a dental procedure for repairing damaged or lost teeth.

Such implants may be classified into a screw retaining method and a cement retaining method according to the structure and procedure of the implant.

<Screw Retaining Method>

The screw retaining method has been applied since the first development of the implant and is still used. The screw retaining method is basically a method of fixing a crown to fixtures and abutments by screws, and can be easily removed or replaced because the crown is coupled by screws.

There are two types of screw retaining methods. One is the completed crown on top of the UCLA abutment, which is integrated with the UCLA abutment and directly connected to the fixture. The other connects the transmucosal abutment, the intermediate abutment to the fixture. After that, the upper abutment (gold cylinder) is connected on it, and the final abutment is formed together with the upper abutment to be mounted and detached on the transmucosal abutment.

Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view showing a screw retaining method using a conventional UCLA abutment.

Referring to FIG. 1A, in a screw-retained manner using UCLA abutments, the implant device 10 is integrally formed with the fixture 12 and the crown 18 placed in the jawbone and is disposed on the fixture 12. (14). The crown 18 and the abutment 14 are integrally formed from the outside, and a hole penetrating the center is formed.

The screw 16 is fastened to the fixture 12 through a hole, so that the crown 18 and the abutment 14 are fixed to the fixture 12.

1B is a cross-sectional view of an implant mechanism 20 using a screw retaining method using a conventional intermediate abutment.

Referring to FIG. 1B, the implant mechanism 20 using the intermediate abutment is disposed on the intermediate abutment 24 in one piece with the fixture 22, the intermediate abutment 24 and the crown 28. Upper abutment 26. The intermediate abutment 24 includes a hole corresponding to the first screw 23, and the first screw 23 is engaged with the fixture 22 through the intermediate abutment 24, thereby allowing the intermediate abutment ( 24) is fixed to the fixture 22.

The second screw 25 is inserted through the hole through the crown 28 and the upper abutment 26, and the second screw 25 is engaged with the screw hole formed on the upper part of the first screw 23. The crown 28 and the upper abutment 26 are secured to the middle abutment 24.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the bottom of the final crown 18, 28 is a ready-made component (eg, UCLA abutment 14, upper abutment) that fits into the fixture or intermediate abutment top shape. 26)), which are formed together to form the crown when casting the crown.

The biggest feature of the screw retaining type is that a screw hole is formed in the occlusal surface of the crown, and the screw hole can adjust the coupling between the screw and the fixture.

This screw retaining method has the following disadvantages.

To perform the implant procedure in a screw-held manner, the fixture is placed in the jawbone and then waits for 3-4 months for the fixture to fully adsorb onto the jawbone and bone tissue. Thereafter, when the fixture is completely adsorbed with the bone tissue, the abutment and the crown may be installed in the fixture.

Thus, the operator who performed the implant mechanism in the screw-holding method has to wait 3-4 months to make a temporary tooth, so there is a disadvantage of having to live for a long time without a tooth.

In addition, the thread-retaining method must be machined precisely to near perfection, since the crown must make a passive fit with the fixture, which is the substructure. Thus, the screw retaining method is complicated in manufacturing method and may take excessive production time and manufacturing cost.

In addition, if not fully machined and mounted, several stresses may be applied to the implant, and excessive stresses often result in loss of bone around the implant or fracture of the crown or the implant itself.

A frequent problem in the screw retaining method is the loosening of the screw. Some reports indicate that screw loosening occurs in about 25-30% of implanted devices that have undergone a screw retaining method. In other words, an implant device that does not fit well is easily screwed out even with a small bite force compared to a fitting well, causing permanent deformation and loosening.

In order to solve the above problem, the screw retaining type should be fixed by manual fitting. In order to manufacture an implant device that achieves a passive fit in the oral cavity, a precise working model must first be made, and a precise implant device must be manufactured thereon.

In order to make accurate and precise working model, precise impression making, working model making and crown making should be performed. However, considering the shrinkage and deformation of the material, such work requires a high degree of skill, and due to the nature of the manufacturing process, it takes a lot of time for treatment and production. Therefore, not only the treatment cost but also the manufacturing cost is high, and the material cost is also formidable. Therefore, the implant mechanism using the screw retaining method is expensive overall cost.

<Cement-holding type>

The cement retaining type is different from the screw retaining type, in which the abutment is fixed to the fixture by screws, and a separately manufactured crown is placed on the fixed abutment, between which the crown and the abutment are interposed. It is a way of cementing the process.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional cement holding method.

Referring to FIG. 2, the implant mechanism 30 using the cement retaining method includes a fixture 32, an abutment 34 and a crown 38. An abutment 34 having a screw hole is disposed in the fixture 32 implanted in the jawbone, and the abutment 34 is fixed by fastening the screw 36 to the fixture 32 through the screw hole.

The crown 38 is fitted to the fixed abutment 34, and the abutment 34 and the crown 38 are attached to each other via the dental cement 37 therebetween. Unlike the threaded type, the crown 38 is manufactured separately from the abutment 34, and then the crown 38 and the abutment 34 are bonded using the dental cement 37.

Thus, the most apparent feature of the implant mechanism using the conventional cement retaining method is that there is no screw hole in the occlusal surface of the crown. Therefore, unlike the implant mechanism using the screw retaining method, the appearance of artificial teeth is inconspicuous in appearance and can form a natural appearance like natural teeth. However, once the crown is mounted, the crown cannot be removed by loosening the screw.

The cement retaining method solves all the disadvantages of the screw retaining type. In other words, the cement retaining method can easily achieve a passive fit between the fixture and the crown, resulting in 2) less stress on the fixture when the crown is connected, and 3) less loosening of the screws. 4) Simple clinical procedure and manufacturing process, 5) time saving, and 6) low production cost.

Above all, the greatest advantage of the cement retaining approach is that the incompatibility between the crown and the abutment can simply be solved by the space between the crown and the abutment and the dental cement filled in the space. Compared with the screw retaining type, which requires a high degree of precision, the cement retaining method is simpler in the pulling process or the pore process if a few principles are followed, and a passive fit between the implant and the crown can be obtained. In particular, in the case of the screw retaining method, after fixing the fixture to the jaw bone without gaining an impression, the abutment and crown prepared in advance can be installed directly on the top of the fixture. You don't have to live without it so you can enjoy the same life as before. Of course, these abutments and crowns that have been temporarily installed will later be replaced by precisely machined crowns.

However, such a conventional cement retaining method also has the following problems.

First of all, at the beginning of the procedure where the crown is temporarily installed, the operator carefully chews the food using the crown, so there is no problem, but gradually the wound is healed and the implant mechanism is firmly coupled to the jawbone and bone tissue than the initial procedure. As a result, the surgeon may chew hard foods with confidence or cause a strong impact on the crown due to carelessness during life. This impact is transmitted from the crown to the fixture through the abutment, leaving the position of the fixture that is not yet fully healed out of position. Due to the shift of the position of the fixture, the operator has to visit the dentist again and there is a problem of having to re-install the fixture on the jawbone.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant mechanism in which the impact is not transmitted to the fixture as it is when a predetermined impact is applied to the temporarily installed crown.

Dental implant apparatus according to the present invention for solving this problem, the fixture is coupled to the jawbone of the human body to form an artificial tooth, the crown to form the appearance of the artificial tooth, one side is coupled to the fixture and the other side is In a dental implant device comprising an abutment coupled to the crown,

The abutment,

An abutment body coupled with the fixture,

It comprises an intermediate member attached to the abutment body by a resin and coupled to the crown.

In the dental implant device, the resin is polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl Methacrylate), epoxy (Epoxy), polycarbonate (Polycarbonate), polyurethane (Polyurethane), vinyl chloride (Vinyl chloride), vinyl acetate (Vinyl acetate) It is preferable to include at least one of vinyl chloride, poly vinyl chloride, poly vinyl chloride, and vinyl acetate poly vinyl acetate.

In the dental implant device, the intermediate member is preferably made of the same material as the resin.

Preferably, the dental implant device has a truncated conical outer surface at the intermediate member.

In the dental implant device, preferably, the portion of the abutment body to which the intermediate member is attached has a truncated outer surface.

The dental implant device, the locking jaw is provided on the surface in contact with the abutment body in the intermediate member,

Preferably, the abutment body is provided with a locking portion for preventing the intermediate member from being separated from the abutment body as the locking jaw of the intermediate member is caught while the intermediate member is attached.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The dental implant device 100 according to the present embodiment is composed of a fixture 110, a crown 120, and an abutment 130.

The fixture 110 is coupled to the jawbone of the human body to form an artificial tooth. The fixture 110 is made of a titanium alloy, the thread 111 is formed on the outer surface. The screw thread 111 provided in the fixture 110 can be used to dig into the jawbone of the human body, and after entering the jawbone, it takes a long time to be adsorbed with the surrounding tissues of the human body. The fixture 110 is integrated with the jaw bone while being adsorbed with tissues of the human body, and functions to stably support the abutment 130 and the crown 120 as artificial tooth roots. In this case, the thread 111 may serve as a tissue binding unit for forming the fixture 110 into the jawbone in addition to easily entering the jawbone.

The upper end of the fixture 110 is provided with a stepped portion 112 to which the abutment 130 is coupled, and the first screw hole 113 is formed at a predetermined depth in the center portion thereof.

The crown 120 is to form the appearance of the artificial tooth, the appearance is the same shape as the shape of a general tooth, the interior is made of an empty space. Cement 121 is filled in the crown 120. The cement 121 filled in the crown not only keeps the shape of the crown constant, but also serves to couple the crown 120 to the abutment 130.

The abutment 130 is composed of an abutment body 140 and the intermediate member 150.

The abutment body 140 is coupled to the fixture 110. The intermediate member 150 is attached to the upper end of the abutment body 140, and the lower end is coupled to the upper end of the fixture 110.

A portion of the abutment body 140 to which the intermediate member 150 is attached has a truncated outer surface. A stepped groove 141 corresponding to the stepped part 112 provided at the top of the fixture 110 is formed at the bottom of the abutment body 140. When the stepped groove 141 of the abutment body 140 is fitted into the stepped portion 112 of the fixture 110, the abutment body 140 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixture 110. Suppresses movement to

The abutment body 140 is provided with a second screw hole 142 connected from the top center to the bottom center. The second screw hole 142 is provided on the abutment body 140 so that the screw 160 can be fastened to the first screw hole 113 through the second screw hole 142. The second screw hole 142 is provided with a support jaw 143 to which the head of the screw 160 can be supported.

The intermediate member 150 is attached to the abutment body 140 by the resin 144, and is coupled to the crown 120. The intermediate member 150 has an outer surface of a truncated cone shape as a whole, and a space is provided therein so that the upper end of the abutment body 140 can be coupled. The resin 144 attaching the abutment body 140 to the intermediate member 150 may include polymethyl methacrylate, epoxy, polycarbonate, polyurethane, and chloride. At least one of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, poly vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate polyvinyl acetate It is preferable, but resins of various components may be used in addition.

The intermediate member 150 is preferably made of the same material as the resin 144, but may be made of a synthetic resin material similar to the resin 144. The reason why the resin 144 is made of the same or similar material as that of the intermediate member 150 is to allow the intermediate member 150 to be easily coupled with the abutment body 140.

Part of the intermediate member 150 and the crown 120 is preferably provided with a truncated conical outer surface, it is also possible to have an outer surface of various forms.

Dental implant device 100 according to this embodiment having such a configuration has the following effects.

First, after the clinical examination, the extraction hole is formed in the oral cavity of the operator and the fixture 110 is pushed into the hole. At this time, the fixture 110 is pushed to a sufficient depth so as not to fall out after the procedure. Thereafter, the abutment body 140 is placed on top of the fixture 110. At this time, the stepped groove 141 of the abutment body 140 may be fitted to the stepped portion 112 of the fixture 110. Thereafter, after the screw 160 is inserted through the second screw hole 142 of the abutment body 140, the screw 160 may be fastened to the first screw hole 113 of the fixture 110. Make sure When the bonding of the abutment body 140 and the fixture 110 is completed, the intermediate member 150 having the resin 144 coated on the inner surface is attached to the upper end of the abutment body 140. Thereafter, an appropriate amount of cement 121 is applied to the inside of the crown 120, and the crown 120 is coupled to the intermediate member 150. When the cement 121 is leaked in the process of inserting the crown 150 into the intermediate member 150, the cement 12 is removed to finish the work.

The dental implant device according to this embodiment has the following effects.

First, according to this embodiment, the abutment body and the fixture are tightly coupled by screws, and the crown and the intermediate member are also tightly coupled by cement. However, the intermediate member and the abutment body are coupled to each other to have a constant adhesive force by the resin.

If the operator chews hard food or makes a big impact on the crown after the procedure, the shock transmitted through the crown is transmitted to the resin via the intermediate member. The resin is destroyed by the impact delivered to the resin, and the intermediate member and the abutment body are separated as shown in FIG. As a result, the impact from the crown is not transmitted to the fixture as it is via the abutment. As such, when the crown and the intermediate member are separated from the abutment body, the operator visits the dentist again and attaches the crown and the intermediate member by resin again as a simple procedure. Of course, the resin is not destroyed by a certain degree of impact, that is, a weak impact that does not impose too much pressure on the fixture, and transmits the impact received from the crown to the fixture. However, such a low intensity impact is sufficient for the fixture to be able to afford and does not affect the fixation of the fixture to the jawbone.

On the other hand, the amount of resin joining the intermediate member and the abutment body is properly adjusted by calculating the amount of impact that may be applied to the fixture in advance.

On the contrary, if the shock is transmitted to the fixture as it is in the prior art, the fixture must be installed on the jawbone again because the position of the fixture that is not sufficiently healed is changed. In this way, the process of re-installing the fixture is not only cumbersome, but also requires large surgery, which causes great inconvenience to the patient.

In addition, the dental implant device according to the present embodiment is easy to install the crown because the intermediate member and the abutment body forms the shape of a truncated cone. In general, fixtures installed in the jawbone do not form a precise vertical direction, as shown in Figure 3 may be slightly inclined from the vertical depending on the shape of the jawbone or bone tissue. In addition, the abutment screwed to the upper end of the fixture is also inclined from the vertical. However, even if fixtures and abutments are installed so as to be inclined from the vertical, the crown should be placed vertically in the oral cavity. When the crown is vertically coupled to the top of the abutment, a portion corresponding to the left portion of the cutting line S in the abutment is caught by the crown, so that the crown cannot be installed in the abutment. In order to solve this problem, after removing a portion of the abutment (left portion of the cutting line S in the abutment body of FIG. 3) by using a milling cutter, the crown may be installed in the abutment. However, performing such a cutting operation during the implantation operation is not only cumbersome, but also causes a delay in the procedure time.

On the contrary, since the embodiment has an abutment body and an intermediate member having a truncated conical shape as shown in FIG. 8, there is an advantage in that the crown can be installed without a separate cutting operation. To this end, the dentist has an abutment body having various inclination angles (angle between the central axis of the abutment body and the outer surface of the abutment body) and an intermediate member corresponding to the abutment body. In, according to the condition of the operator to choose the appropriate procedure in the field.

This drastically shortens the overall procedure time and does not allow milling operations during the procedure, so there is an advantage that an unskilled person can easily perform an implant procedure.

Dental implant apparatus according to the present invention can be modified as follows.

It is also possible to provide the locking step 151 and the locking portion 145 in the intermediate member 150 and the abutment body 140 in the above-described embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the intermediate member 150 is provided with a locking jaw 151 protruding therein on a surface in contact with the abutment body 140.

In addition, when the abutment body 140 is caught by the locking jaw 151 of the intermediate member (! 50) in the state in which the intermediate member 150 is attached, the intermediate member 150 is the abutment body 140. ) Is provided with a locking portion 145 to prevent separation.

The intermediate member 150 and the abutment body 140 maintain the coupling state by the coupling force of the locking jaw 151 and the locking portion 145 and the coupling force by the resin.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to embodiments and various modifications, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments and modifications, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Can be.

According to the dental implant apparatus according to the present invention, when a predetermined impact is applied to the temporarily installed crown, the crown is separated from the abutment body, so that the impact is not transmitted to the fixture, thereby preventing the operation for re-installing the fixture later. There are advantages to it.

Claims (6)

In the dental implant device comprising a fixture coupled to the jawbone of the human body to form an artificial tooth, a crown forming the appearance of the artificial tooth, one side is coupled to the fixture and the other side is an abutment coupled to the crown , The abutment, An abutment body coupled to the fixture; And Is disposed between the abutment body and the crown, the outer surface is coupled to the crown, the inner surface is coupled to the abutment body by a resin, And an intermediate member which is detached from the abutment body as the resin is destroyed when an impact is transmitted from the outside to the resin. The method of claim 1, The resin is a dental implant device, characterized in that polymethyl methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate) or polycarbonate (Polycarbonate). The method according to claim 1 or 2, The intermediate member is a dental implant device, characterized in that made of a hard material. The method of claim 1, And a portion of the intermediate member engaged with the crown has a truncated conical outer surface. The method according to claim 1 or 4, And a portion of the abutment body to which the intermediate member is attached has a truncated conical outer surface. The method of claim 1, A locking jaw is provided on a surface of the intermediate member in contact with the abutment body. The abutment body is provided with a dental implant mechanism, characterized in that the locking member for preventing the intermediate member from being separated from the abutment body in accordance with the locking jaw of the intermediate member in the state in which the intermediate member is attached.

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