KR100640550B1 - a method for depositing thin film using ALD - Google Patents
a method for depositing thin film using ALD Download PDFInfo
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- KR100640550B1 KR100640550B1 KR1020050007249A KR20050007249A KR100640550B1 KR 100640550 B1 KR100640550 B1 KR 100640550B1 KR 1020050007249 A KR1020050007249 A KR 1020050007249A KR 20050007249 A KR20050007249 A KR 20050007249A KR 100640550 B1 KR100640550 B1 KR 100640550B1
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- reactant
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- thin film
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007736 thin film deposition technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910008482 TiSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7-triazonane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCN1 ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPTGOPJXEXTNCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C1(C=CC=C1)[Ti](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C Chemical compound C(C)C1(C=CC=C1)[Ti](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C IPTGOPJXEXTNCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004542 HfN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 TaC Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910004166 TaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004200 TaSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910034327 TiC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRUWTWNPPWXZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(methyl)azanide;tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [Ta+5].CC[N-]C.CC[N-]C.CC[N-]C.CC[N-]C.CC[N-]C BRUWTWNPPWXZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- MJBZMPMVOIEPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-tris[ethyl(methyl)amino]silylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)[Si](N(C)CC)(N(C)CC)N(C)CC MJBZMPMVOIEPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
- C23C16/45538—Plasma being used continuously during the ALD cycle
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
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- H01L21/02274—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/45531—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations specially adapted for making ternary or higher compositions
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
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- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45534—Use of auxiliary reactants other than used for contributing to the composition of the main film, e.g. catalysts, activators or scavengers
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
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- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
- C23C16/45542—Plasma being used non-continuously during the ALD reactions
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/515—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using pulsed discharges
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- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
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Abstract
본 발명은 플라즈마를 이용한 ALD 박막증착방법에 관한 것으로서, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1); 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2); 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S2); 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4); 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩단계(S5); 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S6);로 구성되는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to an ALD thin film deposition method using plasma, comprising: a first feeding step (S1) of feeding an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into a chamber (11) in which a substrate (w) is loaded; A first purge step S2 of purging the source from the chamber 11; A second feeding step S2 of feeding the first reactant into the chamber 11; A second purge step S4 for purging the first reactant which does not react with the source from the chamber 11 or the by-products generated by the reaction; To improve the film quality of the formed thin film. A third feeding step S5 of applying a plasma while feeding the second reactant into the chamber 11; It characterized in that the thin film is deposited on the substrate (w) by repeating the cycle consisting of; a third purge step (S6) for purging the second reactant or the by-products generated by the reaction did not react from the chamber (11) .
Description
도 1은 종래의 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 공정 시퀀스를 그래프로 도시한 도면,1 is a graph showing a process sequence of a conventional plasma ALD thin film deposition method;
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법이 수행되는 박막증착장치의 개략적 구성을 도시한 도면,2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a thin film deposition apparatus is performed plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention,
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예의 공정 시퀀스에 있어서, 제2반응제의 피딩이 진행된 후 플라즈마가 인가되고, 제2반응제의 피딩이 완료될 때 플라즈마의 인가가 종료되는 것을 도시한 도면,Figure 3 is a plasma sequence after the feeding of the second reactant in the process sequence of the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, the application of the plasma when the feeding of the second reactant is completed Drawing showing the end,
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예의 공정 시퀀스에 있어서, 제2반응제의 피딩과 동시에 플라즈마가 인가되다가 제2반응제의 피딩이 완료될 때 플라즈마의 인가가 종료되는 것을 도시한 도면,Figure 4 is a plasma sequence of the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, the plasma is applied simultaneously with the feeding of the second reactant, the application of the plasma is finished when the feeding of the second reactant is completed Drawing,
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제2실시예의 공정 시퀀스를 도시한 도면,5 shows a process sequence of a second embodiment of a plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention;
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제3실시예의 공정 시퀀스를 도시한 도면.6 shows a process sequence of a third embodiment of a plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention;
<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호 설명><Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>
S1 ... 제1피딩단계S1 ... first feeding step
S2 ... 제1퍼지단계S2 ... first purge step
S3 ... 제2피딩단계S3 ... second feeding step
S4 ... 제2퍼지단계S4 ... second purge step
S5 ... 제3피딩단계S5 ... third feeding step
S6 ... 제3퍼지단계S6 ... third purge step
S100, S200 ... 서브사이클 반복단계S100, S200 ... Subcycle Repeat
S110, S210 ... 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계S110, S210 ... 3rd feeding / plasma applying step
S120, S220 ... 제3퍼지단계 S120, S220 ... Third purge step
본 발명은 플라즈마를 이용한 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a plasma ALD thin film deposition method using plasma.
소자 회로 선폭이 감소함에 따라 배선재료는 기존의 Al 대신 비저항이 낮고 전자 이동도가 높은 Cu 로 대체되어 가고 있다. Cu 의 경우 높은 확산성으로 인하여 주변물질과 화학반응을 일으켜 소자의 성능을 저하시키게 되므로 Cu 의 확산을 차폐할 수 있고 우수한 열적 안정성과 더불어 낮은 비저항을 갖는 TaN 이 확산방지막으로 주목받고 있다. As device circuit line widths decrease, wiring materials are being replaced by Cu, which has a low specific resistance and high electron mobility, instead of Al. In case of Cu, due to high diffusivity, chemical reactions with surrounding materials reduce the performance of the device. Thus, TaN, which can shield the diffusion of Cu and has excellent thermal stability and low resistivity, is attracting attention as a diffusion barrier.
TaN 확산방지막을 형성하기 위한 Ta source로는 염화물 계열(Chloride)과 유기금속 계열(Metalorganic)이 사용되어져 왔으나 염화물 계열의 경우 박막 내부에 Cl 성분이 불순물로 잔존하게 되고, 유기금속 계열의 경우 증착 온도를 낮출 수 있지만 carbon 성분이 잔존하고 박막의 밀도가 낮아 주위 대기로부터 oxygen 이 침투하여 비저항이 높아지게 된다.Chloride and organometallic have been used as the Ta source for forming the TaN diffusion barrier, but in the case of the chloride-based, Cl components remain as impurities in the thin film, and in the case of the organometallic, Although it can be lowered, the carbon component remains and the density of the thin film is low, which causes oxygen to penetrate from the surrounding atmosphere, thereby increasing the specific resistance.
이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여 플라즈마 공정을 도입하여 소스의 반응을 촉진하고 박막의 밀도를 증가시켜 낮은 비저항을 달성하려는 노력이 시도되고 있다. In order to overcome this problem, efforts have been made to introduce a plasma process to promote the reaction of the source and to increase the density of the thin film to achieve low resistivity.
도 1은 통상적으로 플라즈마를 인가하여 박막을 형성하는 방법을 도시하고 있다.1 illustrates a method of forming a thin film, typically by applying a plasma.
도시된 바와 같이, 통상적인 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법은, 기판이 안착되어 있는 챔버 내부로 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계와, 소스를 챔버로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계와, 챔버로 반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계와, 챔버로부터 소스와 반응하지 않거나 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계로 구성되는 사이클을 반복하는데, 이때 플라즈마는 반응제의 피딩과 동시에 인가되게 된다. 반응제의 피딩과 동시에 인가되는 플라즈마는 반응제의 반응을 촉진하여 상대적으로 저온에서 박막을 형성하게 한다.As shown, a conventional plasma ALD thin film deposition method includes a first feeding step of feeding a source into a chamber on which a substrate is seated, a first purging step of purging a source from a chamber, and feeding a reagent into the chamber. The cycle consists of a second feeding step and a second purge step of purging by-products generated by not reacting with or reacting with the source from the chamber, wherein the plasma is applied simultaneously with the feeding of the reactant. Plasma applied simultaneously with the feeding of the reactant promotes the reaction of the reactant to form a thin film at a relatively low temperature.
그러나, 플라즈마가 인가될 경우, 여기된 원자 및 분자의 에너지로 인하여 소스나 반응제를 구성하고 있는 원소간의 결합이 깨어지게 됨에 따라 박막 내에 잔존물질의 함량이 높아지거나 원하지 않는 불순물의 함량이 높아지는 문제점이 생기게 된다.However, when plasma is applied, as the energy of excited atoms and molecules breaks the bond between elements constituting the source or the reactant, the amount of remaining material in the thin film or the amount of unwanted impurities increases. Will be produced.
또한, 플라즈마에 의해 반응제로부터 불순물 함유 현상 이외에도 막의 형성 중에 반응부산물이 플라즈마에 여기되어 형성이 진행중인 막과의 반응도 일어나는 단점도 생기게 된다. 이러한 경향은 무기 금속 원료를 반응원으로 사용하는 경우보다 유기 금속 원료를 반응원으로 사용하는 경우가 더 심하게 된다. In addition to the impurity-containing phenomenon from the reactants by the plasma, the reaction by-products are excited in the plasma during the formation of the film, which causes the disadvantage that the reaction with the film in progress is also generated. This tendency is more severe when organic metal raw materials are used as reaction sources than when inorganic metal raw materials are used as reaction sources.
상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 창출된 것으로서, 박막을 구성하는 소스와 반응제 이외에, 양질의 박막을 얻도록 하기 위하여 별도의 반응제와 플라즈마를 인가하는 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In order to provide a plasma ALD thin film deposition method for applying a separate reactant and plasma in order to obtain a high quality thin film, in addition to the source and the reactant constituting the thin film. do.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 저온의 상태에서도 양질의 박막을 구현할 수 있는 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법에 관한 것이다. Another object of the present invention relates to a plasma ALD thin film deposition method that can implement a high quality thin film even in a low temperature state.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예는, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1); 상기 소스를 상기 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2); 상기 챔버(11)로 상기 제1반응제를 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S3); 상기 챔버(11)로부터 상기 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4); 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 상기 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩단계(S5); 상기 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S6);로 구성되는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착하며, 상기 제3피딩단계(S5)에 있어서, 상기 플라즈마는, 상기 제2반응제의 피딩과 동시에 또는 피딩이 진행되는 동안에 인가되어 피딩이 완료될 때 동시에 종료되며, 상기 기판에 금속막을 형성하기 위하여, 상기 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용하고, 상기 제1반응제로 H2 를 사용하고, 상기 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 있는 화합물을 사용하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
또한, 상기 기판에 도전막을 형성하기 위하여, 상기 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용하고, 상기 제1반응제로 N2, NH3 또는 N 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용하며, 상기 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다.
또한, 상기 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 상기 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용하고, 상기 제1반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용하며, 상기 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용한다.
또한, 상기 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 상기 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용하고, 상기 제1반응제로 H2를 사용하고, 상기 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용한다.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법은, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1)와, 상기 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2)와, 상기 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S3)와, 상기 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4)로 구성되는 서브사이클을 복수 회 반복하는 서브사이클 반복단계(S100); 상기 서브사이클 반복단계(S100)가 완료된 후, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 상기 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S110); 및 상기 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S120);를 포함하는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the
In addition, in order to form a conductive film on the substrate, any one of TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER is used as the source, and a compound containing N2, NH3 or N atoms is used as the first reagent. As the second reactive agent, a compound containing H 2 or H atoms is used.
Further, to form an insulating film on the substrate, any one of TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER is used as the source, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms is used as the first reactant. As the second reactive agent, an oxidant containing O 2, O 3 or O atoms is used.
In addition, to form an insulating film on the substrate, any one of TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER is used as the source, H2 is used as the first reactant, and O2, O3 is used as the second reactant. Or an oxidant containing an O atom.
In order to achieve the above object, the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, the first feeding the organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the
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상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제3실시예는, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1)와, 상기 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2)와, 상기 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S2)와, 상기 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4)와, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 상기 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 제3피딩단계(S5)와, 상기 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S6)로 구성되는 서브사이클을 복수 회 반복하는 서브사이클 반복단계(S200); 상기 서브사이클 반복단계(S200)가 완료된 후, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S210); 및 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S220);를 포함하는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, a third embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the
이하, 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법을 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, a plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법이 수행되는 박막증착장치의 개략적 구성을 도시한 도면이다.2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a thin film deposition apparatus is performed plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention.
도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 박막증착방법이 적용되는 박막증착장치는, 기판(w)이 수납되는 반응기(10)와, 반응기(10)로 반응물질과 불활성가스를 공급하는 가스박스(20)로 구성된다. 본 실시예에서는 설명을 위하여 불활성가스로 Ar 을 예로 들어 설명하며, 따라서 후술할 소스나 반응제를 이송하는 캐리어가스나 반응기(10)를 퍼지시키기 위한 퍼지가스로 Ar을 사용한다. As shown, the thin film deposition apparatus to which the thin film deposition method according to the present invention is applied includes a
반응기(10)는, 기판(w)을 안착시키기 위한 서셉터(12)가 내장된 챔버(11)와, 기판(w)을 향하는 다수개의 분사홀이 형성된 샤워헤드(13)와, 플라즈마를 발생하는 플라즈마발생기(RF generator and matching network))를 포함한다. 이때, 서셉터(12)는 안착된 기판(w)을 임의의 온도로 가열한다.The
가스박스(20)는 소스가 수용되는 적어도 하나 이상의 캐니스터(21)와, 소스를 반응기(10)로 이송하기 위한 캐리어가스나 반응기(10)를 퍼지하기 위한 퍼지가 스의 유량을 제어하는 MFC 등을 포함하고, 캐니스터(21)나 MFC, 또는 반응기(10) 사이의 가스라인(L1)(L2)등에는 다수개의 밸브(V)가 설치된다. 가스라인(L1)(L2)을 통하여 가스박스(20)에서 공급되는 소스, 제1반응제, 제2반응제 및/또는 Ar 이 반응기(10)로 이송된다. 이때, 도 2에서는 한 종류의 소스가 수용된 하나의 캐니스터(21)를 예로써 도시하고 있지만, 필요에 따라서 다른 종류의 소스가 수용되는 캐니스터(미도시)를 채용할 수도 있음은 물론이다.The
본 실시예는 챔버(11) 내벽의 온도는 100 ~ 200℃, 서셉터(13)의 온도는 100 ~ 600℃ 가 가능한 매엽식 장비에서 챔버(11) 내의 압력이 10mTorr ~ 10Torr 범위에서 공정을 진행하며, 바람직하게는 1 Torr에서 실시한다. In this embodiment, the process of the pressure in the
소스가 유기금속화학물일 경우에 소스의 공급은 Ar 이나 N 와 같은 캐리어가스에 의하여 bubbling 된 형태로 챔버(11) 내로 이송되어지고, 증기압이 높은 소스의 자체 증기압을 이용하여 캐리어가스 없이 챔버(11) 내로 이송될 수 있다. 또한, 증기압이 낮은 소스의 경우 액상공급장치(LDS: liquid delivery system)와 기화장치(vaporizer)를 이용할 수도 있다. When the source is an organometallic chemical, the supply of the source is transferred into the
증착이 진행되는 온도는 사용 소스에 따라 다르며, 통상적으로는 소스가 분해되지 않고 화학적 흡착 현상이 일어나는 온도 구간에서 실시되고, 소스는 50 ~ 150℃ 로 가열된 상태에서 샤워헤드(13)를 통하여 공급된다. The temperature at which the deposition proceeds depends on the source used, and is usually carried out in a temperature range in which the source is not decomposed and chemical adsorption occurs, and the source is supplied through the
플라즈마발생기에 의하여 챔버(11) 내에서 플라즈마가 발생할 수도 있고, 챔버(11) 외부에서 발생된 플라즈마를 챔버(11) 내로 유도되어 인가될 수도 있다. 본 실시예에서는 챔버(11) 내에서 플라즈마가 발생되는 방식을 예로써 설명한다. 이때, 플라즈마발생기는 100 ~ 500W 의 인가전력, 1 ~ 1500 kHz 의 주파수를 갖는 전원을 사용하지만, 13.56 MHz 의 고주파를 가하여 사용할 수도 있으며 그 효과에 따라 주파수를 선택할 수 있게 한다. Plasma may be generated in the
상기한 박막증착장치를 이용하는 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예를 설명한다. A first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method using the above thin film deposition apparatus will be described.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예의 공정 시퀀스에 있어서, 제2반응제의 피딩과 동시에 플라즈마가 인가되다가 제2반응제의 피딩이 완료될 때 플라즈마의 인가가 종료되는 것을 도시한 도면이다. 도 4는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예의 공정 시퀀스에 있어서, 제2반응제의 피딩이 진행된 후 플라즈마가 인가되고, 제2반응제의 피딩이 완료될 때 플라즈마의 인가가 종료되는 것을 도시한 도면이다.Figure 3 is a plasma sequence of the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, the plasma is applied simultaneously with the feeding of the second reactant when the application of the plasma is finished when the feeding of the second reactant is completed It is a figure which shows that. Figure 4 is a plasma sequence after the feeding of the second reactant in the process sequence of the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, the application of the plasma when the feeding of the second reactant is completed It is a figure which shows the termination.
도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예는, As shown, the first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention,
기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1)와, 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2)와, 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S3)와, 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4)와, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩단계(S5)와, 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S6)로 구성되는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착한다. 상기한 공정 시퀀스를 따라 1 사이클이 진행될 경우, 기판상에 1 원자층 또는 1 분자층이 형성된다. 이때, 상기한 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT(Ethylcyclopentadienyltris(dimethylamino)titanium), PEMAT(Pentakis(ethylmethylamino)tantalum), TBTEMAT(Tertbutylimidotrisethylmethylamidotantalum), DER[2,4-(Dimethylpentadienyl)(Ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ruthenium] 중 어느 하나를 사용한다. A first feeding step S1 of feeding an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the
본 실시예는 2원계의 박막을 형성하는 것을 예로 들고 있으나, 3원계 박막을 형성하고자 할 경우에, 제1피딩단계(S1)에서 반응기로 다른 종류의 제1소스와 제2소스를 동시 또는 순차적으로 피딩하여야 한다. 예를 들면, 제1소스로 TEMATi(Tert-Ethyl-Methyl-Amine-Titatium: Ti(C2H5-N-CH3)4)를 사용하고, 제2소스로 TEMASi(Tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)silicon ; Si[ N(CH₃)C₂H5]₄)를 사용할 수 있다. Although the present embodiment exemplifies the formation of a binary thin film, when it is desired to form a ternary thin film, the first source and the second source of different types are simultaneously or sequentially used as a reactor in the first feeding step S1. Should be fed. For example, TEMATi (Tert-Ethyl-Methyl-Amine-Titatium: Ti (C2H5-N-CH3) 4) is used as the first source, and TEMASi (Tetrakis (ethylmethylamino) silicon; Si [N ( CH₃) C₂H5] ₄) can be used.
이때, 제3피딩단계(S5)가 진행되는 동안에, 플라즈마는, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 제2반응제의 피딩과 동시에 인가되다가. 피딩이 완료될 때 동시에 종료된다. At this time, while the third feeding step S5 is in progress, the plasma is applied simultaneously with the feeding of the second reactant, as shown in FIG. 3. It ends at the same time when feeding is completed.
또는, 제3피딩단계(S6)가 진행되는 동안에, 플라즈마는, 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 제2반응제의 피딩이 진행되는 도중에 인가되다가 피딩이 완료될 때 동시에 종료된다.Alternatively, while the third feeding step S6 is in progress, the plasma is applied during feeding of the second reactant as shown in FIG. 4, and is terminated at the same time when feeding is completed.
상기한 과정을 통하여 기판에 금속막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1 반응제로 H2 를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다. Through the above process, a metal film can be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, H2 is used as the first reactant and a compound including H2 or H atoms is used as the second reactant.
또는 기판에 도전막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 N 원자를 포함하는 N2 또는 NH3 와 같은 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다.Alternatively, a conductive film may be formed on the substrate. For this, a compound such as N 2 or NH 3 containing N atoms may be used as the first reactant, and a compound including H 2 or H atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 H2 또는 O2, H 원자나 O 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3, 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용한다.Alternatively, an insulating film may be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, a compound containing H 2 or O 2, H atoms or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant. use.
또는 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용할 수도 있다.Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, an oxidant containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 H2를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용할 수도 있다. Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, H2 may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidant containing O2, O3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
본 발명의 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제1실시예를 TiN 박막을 경우를 예로 들어 설명한다.A first embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method of the present invention will be described taking a TiN thin film as an example.
먼저, 250℃ 로 가열된 서셉터(12)에 기판(w)을 로딩한 다음 10초 ~ 60초간 유지하여 기판(w)의 온도가 일정 온도에 다다르게 한다. 이후, 상기한 피딩 및 퍼지단계를 진행한다. First, the substrate w is loaded on the
제1피딩단계(S1)에서는, 120℃ 로 가열한 Ar 을 캐리어가스(carrier gas)로 사용하는 버블시스템(bubbling system)에서 소스인 TEMATi 를 샤워헤드(13)를 통하여 챔버(11)에 1 Torr의 압력으로 1 초에서 10 초간 피딩한다. 이때 피딩시간은 챔버(11)의 크기에 따라, 기판(w)의 종류와 기판(w)에 형성되어 있는 소자의 집적도 등에 따라 변경될 수 있으며, 물리적으로 가능한 단계까지 시간을 줄일 수 있다. In the first feeding step S1, 1 Torr is injected into the
또한, 최대 피딩시간은 매엽식 장치에서의 생산성을 고려하여 정한 것으로써, 기판(w)의 크기나 로딩 매수가 1 매 이상인 다엽식(multi wafer loading system, 혹은 mini-batch system)의 경우 주입 시간을 늘려주어야 한다. 본 실시예에서는 20 리터 정도의 부피를 지닌 챔버이며, 통상적인 샤워헤드 형태의 장비에서 결과를 얻은 것이다. In addition, the maximum feeding time is determined in consideration of the productivity in the single wafer type device. In the case of a multi wafer loading system or a mini-batch system in which the size of the substrate w or the number of sheets is one or more sheets, the injection time is determined. Should be increased. In this example, the chamber has a volume of about 20 liters, and the result is obtained in a conventional showerhead type equipment.
제1퍼지단계(S2)에서는, 가스라인(L1)(L2) 및 샤워헤드(13), 챔버(11)내에 존재하는 TEMATi, 그리고 기판(w) 위에 물리적으로 흡착되어 있는 TEMATi(물리적 흡착 분자의 일부분이나 전부)를 제거하기 위하여, 퍼지가스로 120℃ 로 가열한 Ar을 챔버(11)에 피딩하면서 1초 ~ 30초간 퍼지/펌핑한다.In the first purge step S2, the gas lines L1 and L2 and the
이때, 제1퍼지단계(S2)에서 기판(w) 상에 화학적 흡착 분자층만 남게 되거나 물리적 흡착층의 일부도 남을 수 있는데, 퍼지나 펌핑 정도를 조절함으로써 증착 속도 및 막질의 조절이 가능하다. 예를 들면, 10 초 이상 긴 시간동안 퍼지/펌핑을 함으로써 화학적 흡착층만을 남기게 될 경우 1 사이클당 한 층의 원자층만을 증착하게 되는 이상적인 원자층 증착이 가능하다. 그러나, 10초 이내, 예를 들면 1초 ~ 5초 정도의 짧은 시간동안 제1퍼지단계(S2)를 수행할 경우, 기판(w) 상에 화학적 흡착 분자층 뿐 아니라 물리적 흡착 분자층의 일부도 남게되므로, 1 사이클당 여러층의 원자층 박막이 증착된다.In this case, in the first purge step S2, only the chemical adsorption molecular layer may remain on the substrate w or a part of the physical adsorption layer may remain, and the deposition rate and the film quality may be controlled by controlling the degree of purging or pumping. For example, purging / pumping for a long time of 10 seconds or longer may leave the chemical adsorption layer in an ideal atomic layer deposition where only one atomic layer is deposited per cycle. However, when the first purge step S2 is performed within 10 seconds, for example, for a short time of about 1 second to 5 seconds, not only the chemical adsorption molecular layer but also a part of the physical adsorption molecular layer on the substrate w As such, multiple atomic layer thin films are deposited per cycle.
제2피딩단계(S3)에서는, 120℃ 로 가열한 NH3 를 제1반응제로 1초 ~ 10초간 챔버(11)로 피딩하여 1차 반응을 유도한다. 이때 NH3 의 유량은 100 sccm ~ 500 sccm 으로 하며, 챔버(11) 내의 압력이 1 Torr가 유지되도록 한다. In the second feeding step (S3), NH 3 heated to 120 ° C. is fed to the
제2퍼지단계(S4)에서는, 미반응 상태의 잔류 NH3 와 반응부산물 등을 제거하기 위하여 제1퍼지단계와 동일한 방법으로 퍼지를 실시한다.In the second purge step S4, purging is performed in the same manner as in the first purge step to remove unreacted residual NH 3 and reaction byproducts.
제3피딩단계(S5)에서는, 제2반응제인 H2 를 100 sccm ~ 500 sccm 정도 주입하여 제2반응을 유도함과 동시에 플라즈마발생기에 전원을 공급하여 챔버(11) 내에 플라즈마를 발생시킨다. 그러면, H2 는 플라즈마에 의하여 여기되어 환원제로 작용됨으로써, 형성되는 박막 내부의 불순물을 제거하여 막질을 향상시킨다. 이때 인가되는 전원은 100 ~ 300 Watt 정도이고, 발생시간은 1초 ~ 10초 정도로 한다. In the third feeding step (S5), by injecting about 2 scc H2 100 sccm ~ 500 sccm to induce the second reaction and at the same time supplying power to the plasma generator to generate a plasma in the chamber (11). Then, H2 is excited by the plasma to act as a reducing agent, thereby improving the film quality by removing impurities in the formed thin film. At this time, the applied power is about 100 ~ 300 Watt, the generation time is about 1 ~ 10 seconds.
제3퍼지단계(S6)는 120℃ 로 가열된 Ar gas 를 이용하여 purge/pumping 을 실시하는 단계이다. The third purge step S6 is a step of purge / pumping using Ar gas heated to 120 ° C.
상기한 일련의 단계를 1 사이클로 하여, 원자층의 박막을 형성하는 기본 증착 단위가 되고, 여러번 반복함으로써 원자층을 증착한다. 상기한 단계를 1 사이클로 하였을 때, 1 ~ 5Å 의 TiN 막이 얻어졌다.Using the above-described series of steps as one cycle, it becomes a basic deposition unit for forming a thin film of an atomic layer, and the atomic layer is deposited by repeating several times. When the above step was carried out in one cycle, a TiN film of 1 to 5 kPa was obtained.
본 실시예에서는 TiN 을 형성하는 방법을 예로써 설명하였으나, TiAlN 나 TiSiN 등의 2 성분계 또는 3 성분계 이상의 다성분계 박막도 증착할 수 있다. 예를 들면, TiSiN 박막을 증착할 경우, TEMATi 와 TEMASi 를 별도의 공급장치를 사용하여 샤워헤드(13)에 공급하고, 샤워헤드(13) 내에서 혼합되게 하는 혼합식 방법(Co-injection)을 이용하거나, 또는 TEMATi 를 먼저 샤워헤드(13)로 공급한 후 TEMASi 를 공급하는 순차식 방법(Serial-injection)을 사용할 수 있다. In the present embodiment, a method of forming TiN has been described as an example, but multicomponent thin films such as TiAlN, TiSiN, or the like may be deposited. For example, when depositing a TiSiN thin film, a co-injection method is provided in which TEMATi and TEMASi are supplied to the
이때 혼합식 방법을 사용하여 박막의 성분을 변경하고자 할 경우, TEMATi 와 TEMASi의 유량을 조절하는 방법과 분압을 조절하는 방식을 사용할 수 있고, 순차식 방법을 사용하여 박막의 성분을 변경하고자 할 경우에는, TEMATi 와 TEMASi 의 유량을 조절하는 방법과 주입 시간을 조절하는 방식을 이용한다.At this time, if you want to change the composition of the thin film using the mixed method, you can use the method of adjusting the flow rate and partial pressure of TEMATi and TEMASi, and if you want to change the composition of the thin film by using the sequential method For this, the method of controlling the flow rate of TEMATi and TEMASi and the method of adjusting the injection time are used.
즉, (TEMATi + TEMASi) 피딩 -> 퍼지 -> 제1반응제 피딩 -> 퍼지 -> 제2반응제 피딩 및 플라즈마 인가 -> 퍼지의 단계를 적용함에 따라 3성분계의 TiSiN 박막이 증착된다. 또는, TEMATi 피딩 -> 퍼지 -> 제1반응제 피딩-> 퍼지 -> TEMASi 피딩 -> 퍼지 -> 제1반응제피딩 -> 퍼지 -> 제2반응제 피딩 및 플라즈마 인가 -> 퍼지 방식을 이용하여 3성분계의 TiSiN 막의 형성도 가능하다.That is, a three-component TiSiN thin film is deposited by applying (TEMATi + TEMASi) feeding-> purge-> first reagent feeding-> purge-> second reagent feeding and plasma application-> purge. Alternatively, TEMATi feeding-> purge-> first reagent feeding-> purge-> TEMASi feeding-> purge-> first reagent feeding-> purge-> second reagent feeding and plasma application-> purge method It is also possible to form a three-component TiSiN film.
다음, 상기한 박막증착장치를 이용한 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제2실시예를 설명한다. 도 5는 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제2실시예의 공정 시퀀스를 도시한 도면이다. Next, a second embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method using the above thin film deposition apparatus will be described. 5 is a view showing a process sequence of a second embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention.
도시된 바와 같이, 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제2실시예는, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1)와, 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2)와, 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S3)와, 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4)로 구성되는 서브사이클을 복수 회 반복하는 서브사이클 반복단계(S100)와; 서브사이클 반복단계(S100)가 완료된 후, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S110)와; 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S120);를 포함하는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착한다. 즉, 1 사이클은, 서브사이클 반복단계(S100)와, 제3피딩단계(S110)와, 제3퍼지단계(S120)로 구성된다. 이때, 상기한 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용한다. As shown, the second embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method, the first feeding step (S1) for feeding an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the
서브사이클 반복단계(S100)는, 플라즈마를 인가하지 않고 순수한 열적 반응으로 진행되는 것으로서 제1피딩단계(S1), 제1퍼지단계(S2), 제2피딩단계(S3), 제2퍼지단계(S4)로 구성되는 서브사이클을 복수 회 반복함으로써 구현된다. The subcycle repetition step (S100), which proceeds as a pure thermal reaction without applying plasma, may include a first feeding step S1, a first purging step S2, a second feeding step S3, and a second purging step (S100). It is implemented by repeating a subcycle consisting of S4) a plurality of times.
서브사이클 반복단계(S100)는 플라즈마를 인가하지 않고 소스 및 제1반응제의 피딩, 퍼지를 수회 반복하여 박막을 형성하는 것이기 때문에 완전한 박막이 형성되지 않고, 이후에 별도로 제2반응제와 플라즈마를 주입함으로써 완전한 박막이 얻어진다.Since the subcycle repeating step (S100) is to form a thin film by repeating the feeding and purging of the source and the first reagent several times without applying plasma, a complete thin film is not formed. By injection, a complete thin film is obtained.
상기한 과정을 통하여 기판에 금속막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1 반응제로 H2 를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다. Through the above process, a metal film can be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, H2 is used as the first reactant and a compound including H2 or H atoms is used as the second reactant.
또는 기판에 도전막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 N 원자를 포함하는 N2 또는 NH3 와 같은 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다.Alternatively, a conductive film may be formed on the substrate. For this, a compound such as N 2 or NH 3 containing N atoms may be used as the first reactant, and a compound including H 2 or H atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 H2 또는 O2, H 원자나 O 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3, 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용한다.Alternatively, an insulating film may be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, a compound containing H 2 or O 2, H atoms or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant. use.
또는 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용할 수도 있다.Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, an oxidant containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 H2를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용할 수도 있다. Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, H2 may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidant containing O2, O3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
예를 들면, 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S110)에서는 제2반응제인 H2 를 100 sccm ~ 500 sccm 정도 주입하여 제2반응을 유도함과 동시에 플라즈마발생기에 전원을 공급하여 챔버(11) 내에 플라즈마를 발생시킨다. 그러면, H2 는 플라즈마에 의하여 여기되어 환원제로 작용됨으로써, 형성되는 박막 내부의 불순물을 제거하여 막질을 향상시킨다. 이때 인가되는 전원은 100 ~ 300 Watt 정도이고, 발생시간은 1초 ~ 10초 정도로 한다. For example, in the third feeding / plasma application step (S110), the second reaction is injected at about 100 sccm to 500 sccm to induce the second reaction and supply power to the plasma generator to supply plasma to the
마지막 단계인 제3퍼지단계(S120)에서는 120℃ 로 가열한 Ar gas를 이용하여 purge/pumping을 실시한다.In the final purge step (S120), purge / pumping is performed using Ar gas heated to 120 ° C.
상기한 서브사이클 반복단계(S100), 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S110), 제3퍼지단계(S120)로 구성되는 사이클을 반복함으로써 원하는 두께가 되는 완전한 박막을 형성할 수 있다.The complete thin film having a desired thickness may be formed by repeating the cycle consisting of the subcycle repetition step S100, the third feeding / plasma application step S110, and the third purge step S120.
본 실시예에 의해 증착되는 박막의 특성(막의 밀도 등)은 제1실시예에 비하여 다소 떨어지지만 서브사이클의 적용으로 인하여 증착 속도가 현저히 향상되고, 또한 플라즈마가 인가되는 횟수가 적기 때문에 소자의 열화 현상이 개선되는 장점이 있다. The characteristics (film density, etc.) of the thin film deposited by this embodiment are slightly lower than those of the first embodiment, but the deposition rate is remarkably improved due to the application of the subcycle, and the deterioration of the device is because the number of times of plasma is applied is small. There is an advantage that the phenomenon is improved.
다음, 상기한 박막증착장치를 이용하는 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제3실 시예를 설명한다. 도 6은 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제3실시예의 공정 시퀀스를 도시한 도면이다. Next, a third embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method using the thin film deposition apparatus will be described. 6 is a view showing a process sequence of a third embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention.
도시된 바와 같이, 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법의 제3실시예는, 기판(w)이 로딩되어 있는 챔버(11) 내부로 금속원자를 함유하는 유기 또는 무기화합물 소스를 피딩하는 제1피딩단계(S1)와, 소스를 챔버(11)로부터 퍼지하는 제1퍼지단계(S2)와, 챔버(11)로 제1반응제을 피딩하는 제2피딩단계(S3)와, 챔버(11)로부터 소스와 반응하지 않는 제1반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제2퍼지단계(S4)와, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 제3피딩단계(S5)와, 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S6)로 구성되는 서브사이클을 복수 회 반복하는 서브사이클 반복단계(S200)와; 서브사이클 반복단계(S200)가 완료된 후, 형성되는 박막의 막질을 향상시키기 위하여. 챔버(11)로 제2반응제를 피딩하는 동안에 플라즈마를 인가하는 제3피딩/플라즈마인가단계(S210)와; 챔버(11)로부터 반응하지 않은 제2반응제나, 반응하여 생성된 부산물을 퍼지하는 제3퍼지단계(S220);를 포함하는 사이클을 반복함으로써 기판(w)상에 박막을 증착한다. 이때, 상기한 소스로 TEMATi, TEMASi, ECTDMAT, PEMAT, TBTEMAT, DER 중 어느 하나를 사용한다As shown, the third embodiment of the plasma ALD thin film deposition method, the first feeding step (S1) for feeding an organic or inorganic compound source containing a metal atom into the chamber (11) loaded with the substrate (w) ), A first purge step S2 for purging the source from the
이때, 제3실시예가 제2실시예와 다른 점은, 제2실시예에서 서브사이클은 제1피딩/퍼지단계(S1)(S2), 제2피딩/퍼지단계(S3)(S4)로 구성됨에 반해, 제3실시예는 제1피딩/퍼지단계(S1)(S2), 제2피딩/퍼지단계(S3)(S4), 제3피딩/퍼지(S5)(S6)로 구성되는 것이다.At this time, the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment, the subcycle in the second embodiment is composed of a first feeding / purging step (S1) (S2), the second feeding / purging step (S3) (S4) In contrast, the third embodiment is composed of a first feeding / purge step S1 (S2), a second feeding / purge step S3, S4, and a third feeding / purge S5, S6.
제3실시예에서는, 제2반응제의 피딩/퍼지단계(S5)(S6)가 더 포함됨으로써, 제2실시예에서의 서브사이클에 비하여 막질이 우수하지만, 증착 속도는 좀 떨어진다.In the third embodiment, the feeding / purging step (S5) (S6) of the second reactant is further included, so that the film quality is superior to the subcycle in the second embodiment, but the deposition rate is slightly lower.
상기한 과정을 통하여 기판에 금속막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1 반응제로 H2 를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다. Through the above process, a metal film can be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, H2 is used as the first reactant and a compound including H2 or H atoms is used as the second reactant.
또는 기판에 도전막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 N 원자를 포함하는 N2 또는 NH3 와 같은 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 H2 또는 H 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용한다.Alternatively, a conductive film may be formed on the substrate. For this, a compound such as N 2 or NH 3 containing N atoms may be used as the first reactant, and a compound including H 2 or H atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성할 수 있는데, 이를 위하여 제1반응제로 H2 또는 O2, H 원자나 O 원자를 포함하는 화합물을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3, 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용한다.Alternatively, an insulating film may be formed on the substrate. For this purpose, a compound containing H 2 or O 2, H atoms or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant. use.
또는 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제을 사용할 수도 있다.Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, an oxidant containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidizing agent containing O 2, O 3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
또는, 기판에 절연막을 형성하기 위하여, 제1반응제로 H2를 사용하고, 제2반응제로 O2, O3 또는 O 원자를 포함하는 산화제를 사용할 수도 있다. Alternatively, in order to form an insulating film on the substrate, H2 may be used as the first reactant, and an oxidant containing O2, O3, or O atoms may be used as the second reactant.
상기와 같은 플라즈마 ALD 방법을 통하여 얻어지는 금속막으로 TiN, TaN, HfN, TiAlN, TiSiN, TaSiN 등의 질화물과, Al, Cu, Ti, Ta, Hf, Ru, Si, Pt, Ir 등의 금속, TiC, TaC, HfC등의 탄화물과 TiCN, TaCN, HfCN 등의 복합물등이 있을 수 있다.Metal films obtained through the plasma ALD method described above include nitrides such as TiN, TaN, HfN, TiAlN, TiSiN, TaSiN, metals such as Al, Cu, Ti, Ta, Hf, Ru, Si, Pt, Ir, and TiC. , Carbides such as TaC, HfC, and composites such as TiCN, TaCN, HfCN.
본 발명은 도면에 도시된 일 실시예를 참고로 설명되었으나 이는 예시적인 것에 불과하며, 본 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 이로부터 다양한 변형 및 균등한 타 실시예가 가능하다는 점을 이해할 것이다. Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 ALD 박막증착방법에 따르면, 박막을 구성하는 소스와 반응제 이외에, 양질의 박막을 얻도록 하기 위하여 별도의 반응제와 플라즈마를 인가함으로써 양질의 박막을 비교적 저온에서 형성할 수 있다.As described above, according to the plasma ALD thin film deposition method according to the present invention, in order to obtain a high quality thin film in addition to the source and the reactant constituting the thin film, a high quality thin film is applied at a relatively low temperature by applying a separate reactant and plasma. Can be formed.
또한, 플라즈마가 제2반응제의 피딩동안에 인가됨으로써, 박막을 구성하는 소스 및 반응제를 구성하는 원소간의 결합이 깨어지는 것을 방지함으로써 박막 내에 잔존물질의 함량이 높아지거나 원하지 않는 불순물의 함량이 높아지는 것을 방지할 수 있고, 또한 반응부산물이 여기되어 형성이 진행중인 박막과의 반응이 일어나는 것을 방지할 수 있어, 결과적으로 형성되는 막질을 더더욱 좋게 할 수 있다. In addition, the plasma is applied during the feeding of the second reactive agent, thereby preventing the bond between the source constituting the thin film and the elements constituting the thin film being broken, thereby increasing the content of residual material or the content of unwanted impurities in the thin film. It is possible to prevent the reaction by-products from being excited and to prevent the reaction with the thin film in progress of formation, thereby making the resulting film even better.
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WO2006080782A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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