JPS6059054B2 - pipe bending equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a method of holding a pipe on a bending rail during bending, tightening the end of the pipe to be bent with a bending mold, and bending the pipe with the bending mold to alternately create a right-side bending section. and a tube 1 bending device for forming a flexible tube having a left side curved portion.

In known pipe benders which are capable of bending a pipe in one direction, for example to the right, the pipe must be bent to form a bend and then the bend must be reversed.

For this purpose, the unbent part of the tube is gripped with a clamping sleeve and rotated 180 degrees. Since the corrugated pipes may have very large longitudinal and lateral dimensions, the power consumption required for such operations is large and extremely uneconomical. In addition.
Therefore, during the work of reversing the flexible pipe, multiple staff members must support and guide it. It is also known to use special inverting devices for inverting corrugated tubes.

The structure of this reversing device becomes more complicated as the area of the flexible tube becomes larger. In order to avoid these drawbacks, pipe bending machines are also known which have two separate bending mechanisms for forming the right-hand bend and the left-hand bend, respectively. The two bending mechanisms are arranged in a common machine frame and are moved from the home position to the bending position and back according to the desired bending direction.

This construction is quite expensive. This is because all the tools necessary for the bending process must be duplicated, and the increased time for machine maintenance cancels out the advantage of eliminating the need for tube reversal. This is because Another known tube bending machine includes a bending die that operates in two rotational directions.

In this case, after 180 turns, the bending die and bending rail are moved along a path below the bending plane to abut the other side of the tube. This arrangement requires complicated guidance of the bending tool, which necessarily increases manufacturing costs. In order to release the tube from the bending die after bending, it is well known that the bending die is divided into upper and lower parts across the tube axis, and the upper die is lifted.

When the bending die is released, the tube is forced out of and above the lower die, which holds it in place. As a result, sensitive bending tools are subject to considerable wear. Further, in this device, a clamping die for clamping and fixing the tube to the bending die is independent from the bending die and is brought into pressure contact with the tube by a separate cylinder. In known pipe bending machines of this kind, the bending die for the actual bending operation is mounted rotatably about a fixed vertical axis. The bending rail is moved into contact with the tube in order to create the contact pressure necessary for the bending process between the bending rail and the bending die. Since the bending rail must always contact the pipe smoothly, it is necessary to install parallel guides for the movement of the bending rail.
This requires high costs. The object of the invention is to improve a pipe bending device of the construction described at the outset, in such a way that the formation of a flexible pipe with alternating right-hand and left-hand bends is facilitated and the bending tool is simplified. be.

This object of the present invention is achieved by employing the configuration described as the characteristic matter in claim 1.

In this configuration, the serpentine tube structure, which is quite unstable in itself, can remain stationary, while the bending die as a bending tool is displaced to the other side of the tube by rotating the frame 1800 degrees. be able to. . This improves operational safety and economy in pipe bending. Moreover, it is advantageous in that it is not necessary to turn over the tube, whose weight changes each time an individual bending process is completed. That is, a special tube reversing device is not required, and the number of bending personnel can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention,
It is proposed that the bending die is movable in the transverse direction of the tube axis relative to the non-displaceable bending rail.

The bending die and the attached drive device are supported on one support arm, the support arm is rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the tube axis, and a hydraulic cylinder is applied to one end of the support arm to control the bending die. It can be moved relative to the bending rail. A bending mechanism with such a configuration can be accommodated in a small space,
Moreover, there is an advantage that installation of complicated parallel guides can be made unnecessary. In addition, the tube being bent is always held in the same position. Another advantageous feature of the invention is that the bending die and the clamping die fixed or snap-fitted thereto are split in a horizontal plane at the height of the tube axis, and that the two split dies are pulled together relative to the tube axis. It is possible to let go.

In this case, one cylinder is provided for each movement of the individual mold halves, and the pressing forces of the two cylinders are made to differ from one another. The piston of one cylinder can move to a stop, while the piston of the other cylinder can be adjusted freely.
This arrangement has the advantage that after bending, both halves are pulled away from the tube, so that one of the halves can be continued to be fed without wearing out. Further details of the invention and its advantages are illustrated in the examples. Examples of such embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail below. The pipe bending device shown in the drawings is used for producing flexible pipes with alternating right-hand and left-hand bends.

The tubes 1 used for this purpose are stored in a tube magazine.
The tube 1 to be bent is gripped by the clamping sleeve of the measuring table 2 and fed to the bending tool. A measuring device then controls the stroke of the measuring platform and thereby adjusts the tube leg to the desired length. During the bending operation, the measuring platform 2 is connected to the tube 1 and is towed together with the tube 1. A counting device on measuring platform 2 records the actual tube length used during the bending process.
In this way, the length of the remaining tube leg is precisely determined. The bending tool mainly consists of a non-rotatable bending rail 3 and a rotatable bending die 4.

The tube 1 is held on the bending rail 3 by a clamping device 5.
The tightening device 5 is opened and closed directly by an actuating cylinder 7 intersecting the tube axis 6 or via a toggle lever. The bending rail 3 is moved parallel to the tube axis 6 by a compression cylinder 8 during the bending process. The bending die 4 has a recess adapted to the diameter of the tube 1. Again, it should be adapted to the pipe diameter, and
The pipe 1 is tightened by a clamping die 9 connected to the bending die 4. A drive device, which will be explained in more detail below, rotates the bending die 4, so that the bending die 4 forms the desired bend in the tube 1. During the rotational movement of the bending die 4, the bending rail 3 presses the tube 1 into the bending die 4 under the action of the compression cylinder 8. The movement of the bending rail 3 and the movement of the bending die 4 mean that the pipe 1 is
They are mutually adjusted in such a way that they are advanced by the bending rail 3 over a greater length of pipe than is actually required for bending in the middle. This applies the compressive force required for bending. As the bending process progresses, the compressive force acting in the direction of the tube axis 6 acts more strongly on the formed curved portion, which may result in the curved portion becoming non-circular.

The compression force by the compression cylinder 8 is controlled by a control device such that it decreases as the bending progresses. In order to reduce the cost of the control device, the compression force is varied by sector on the bend circle. For example, in the first sector above 00 to 90, the compression j force is kept constant.

In the next sector from 90 to 180, a constant but smaller compression force is used than in the previous sector.

At the end of the bend, the compressive force can be varied once again. The bending rail 3 has a smooth finished part 1-0 that comes into contact with the pipe 1.
Equipped with: This smooth finished part 10 has a concavity with a semi-elliptical diameter on the side in contact with the pipe 1. This smooth finish 10 is used to create smooth curves in a manner known per se.
When the bending operation is completed, the bending tool is removed from the tube and the tube is advanced by the measuring platform for forming the next bend.

Whenever one 180 forward bend or two 900 bends are made, the next bend is made in the opposite direction.

For this purpose, when the tube 1 and the flexible tube 1a are at rest, the bending tool is removed from the tube 1 and swiveled through an angle of 180 degrees. For this purpose, according to the invention, the bending rail 3, the bending die 4 and their drive are mounted on a rotatable cylindrical frame 11. The outer periphery of the frame 11 is formed with a cylindrical support surface 12 , which forms part of a support bearing 13 . This support bearing 13 includes a roller 14 on which the cylindrical support surface 12 rotates. The support surface 12 is surrounded by a ring gear 12, with which a pinion p driven by an electric motor M meshes.

The frame 11 is rotated 180 degrees clockwise from the position shown in FIG. 1 by the operation of the drive device configured in this manner. The rotational axis of the frame 11 coincides with the tube axis 6. 18
After completing the 0-f bend, the frame 11 is rotated 1800 degrees counterclockwise and returned to its original position as shown in FIG. Upon rotation of the frame 11, the bending tool is released and the already formed flexible tube 1a is advanced to a position where it does not interfere with the rotation of the frame 11. Inside the frame 11, a free passage space 15 is provided on the side of the bending die 4 that is remote from the bending rail 3.

This free passage space 15 passes through the frame 11 in the direction of the tube axis 6. During the bending operation, the already formed flexible tube 1a is accommodated in this passage space 15 and is delivered to the outside. The frame 11 includes stationary guides in which the bending rail 3 slides.

Therefore, the distance between the bending rail 3 and the tube axis 6 remains unchanged. . The tube magazine can be adjusted relative to a stationary tube axis. Furthermore, the installation of expensive parallel guides for the bending rails 3 is not required. As will be explained later, the adjustment is carried out by pivoting the bending die 4. It's extremely easy to do. Since the bending mold 4 is divided at the height of the tube axis 6, two symmetrical split molds are produced. A clamping mold divided at the height of the tube shaft 6 is fixed or attached to each split mold. An independent cylinder device 16, 17 acts on each split mold of the bending mold 4, thereby making it possible to displace the two split molds relative to the tube axis 6. The piston of the upper cylinder 17 has a larger piston area than the lower cylinder 16. To close the bending die 4, the piston of the upper cylinder 17 is brought towards the stop, ie to the end of the piston stroke. The piston of the lower cylinder 16 is then moved until the two halves of the bending die 4 come into contact with the tube 1 and clamp it tightly. Since the piston effective area of one cylinder 17 is larger than that of the other piston, a differential pressure is created which causes the bending die 4 to be set in the correct position at the stop.

When the bending die 4 is opened, the two halves are sufficiently separated from the tube so that the tube 1 does not come into sliding contact with the sensitive surfaces of the recesses of the bending die 4 corresponding to the diameter of the tube during advancement. The life of the bending tool can thereby be extended. The bending die 4 is rotated by the tube shaft 6.
This is done by means of an actuating cylinder 18 which intersects with.

The piston rod 19 of this cylinder 18 acts on the bent end of a gated rack 20 arranged parallel to the cylinder 18. The rack 20 and the gear 21 mesh with each other, and the latter is disposed coaxially with the bending die 4, and the stroke of the piston of the cylinder 18, which is fixed thereto, is the complete stroke of the bending die 4 for 180-degree bending of the tube. This corresponds to one rotational movement plus the allowance for the elastic restoring of the bent pipe section. Since, as mentioned above, the bending rail 3 does not change its position relative to the tube axis 6, the bending die 4 must be adjustable in order to obtain the required pressing force on tubes with different tube diameters.

For this reason, the bending die 4 is mounted on both its drives 18, 21 and on its support arm 22. This support arm 22 is attached to the frame 1 in such a way that it can pivot about an axis 23 perpendicular to the tube 1.
It is attached to 1. The frame 1 is attached to the end of the support arm 22.
A cylinder device 24 supported at 1 acts, by means of which the bending die 4 can be moved perpendicularly to the tube axis 6. In order to support the flexible tube 1a during bending, a rod 25 extending in the direction of the tube axis 6 is attached to each split die of the bending die 4.

These rods 25 grip the unbent portion of the tube from both sides by means of dogs 26. Further, in order to similarly support the flexible tube 1a during bending, an additional arm 27 is attached perpendicularly to the tube axis 6 on each split die. two arms 27
is brought into contact with the already formed flexible tube 1a from both sides thereof.

The flexible pipe 1a is supported by a stationary support stand 28 arranged substantially horizontally. The support stand 28 surrounds the frame 11, and its height is indicated by the dashed line 2 in FIG.
It is indicated schematically at 9. The tube magazine is located above the tube shaft 6.
It consists of spaced beams 30 inclined in the direction of the tube axis 6 and carried by struts 31. The column 31 of the tube magazine near the frame 11 has a free passage at the height of the bending plane. Once each flexible tube 1a is formed, it is transported through this passage while being supported by the support stand 28. The present invention has been described above based on a so-called compression type pipe bending device.

However, the present invention can also be applied to a pipe bending device for forming left and right bends without applying compressive force, for example.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of the pipe bending device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a front view of the tube magazine, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of Fig. 3. It is a diagram. In the drawings, 1 is a pipe, 1a is a flexible pipe, 3 is a bent rail,
4 is a bending mold, 6 is a tube axis, 8 is a compression cylinder, 9 is a clamping mold, 11 is a frame, M, p and 12 are frame drive devices, 15 is a free passage space, 16 and 17 are cylinders,
18, 19, 20, and 21 are bending tool drive devices, 2
2 is a support arm, 24 is a hydraulic cylinder, 25 is a rod, 26 is a dog, and 27 is an arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pipe is held on a bending rail during bending, and the end of the pipe to be bent is clamped in a rotatable bending mold, and the pipe is bent with the bending mold to alternately bend the right side. In a pipe bending device for forming a flexible pipe having a left-side curve and a left-side curve, the bending rail 3 and the bending die 4 are arranged in a frame 11 provided so as to be rotatable around an axis 6 of the pipe 1 to be bent. and that the frame 11 has a drive device M, p, 12' for rotationally driving it, and that the drive device is configured not to operate during the bending process, and that the frame 11 further comprises: , pipe 1 bent during bending
An apparatus characterized in that it has a free passage space 15 capable of accommodating the bending rail 3, and the free passage space is provided on the side of the bending die 4 that is remote from the bending rail 3. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bending die 4 is movable in a direction transverse to the tube axis 6 relative to the immovable bending rail 3. 3 Bending mold 4 and attached drive devices 18, 19, 20, 21
is arranged on a support arm 22, which support arm 22 is pivotable around an axis perpendicular to the tube axis 6, and a hydraulic cylinder 24 acts on one end thereof. The device according to paragraph 2. 4 Bending mold 4 and clamping mold 9 fixed or attached thereto
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the split die is divided in a horizontal plane at the height of the tube axis 6, and one or both of the split molds can be displaced with respect to the tube axis 6. 5. One cylinder 16, 17 is provided in each case for the movement of the split molds, and two cylinders 16, 17 are provided.
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the magnitude of the pressing force is different. 6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the piston of one cylinder 17 can be moved towards the stop, and the other cylinder 16 can be adjusted freely. 7. Claim 1, characterized in that rods 25 parallel to the tube axis 6 provided above and below are connected to the bending die 4 and engaged by dogs 26 on both sides of the tube to be bent. , second
6. The apparatus according to paragraph 3, paragraph 4, paragraph 5 or paragraph 6. 8. The arms 27 provided above and below perpendicular to the tube axis 6 are connected to the bending mold 4 and come into contact with both sides of the already bent flexible tube 1a.Claims 1, 2, and 3 7. The device according to paragraph 4, paragraph 5, paragraph 6 or paragraph 7. 9. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, characterized in that the pipe magazine is disposed above the bending plane and includes a passage for the flexible pipe 1a. Apparatus according to clause 6, 7 or 8. 10. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, characterized in that the compression cylinder 8 applies a compression force to the tube 1 that varies from sector to sector on the bending circle. Apparatus according to clause 6, 7, 8 or 9. 11. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, characterized in that the measuring table is connected to the pipe 1 to be bent during the bending operation and is towed together with it. , 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.