JPH1194458A - Air separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air separator, capable of forming efficiently high purity nitrogen and high purity oxygen, which are not containing hydrocarbon substantially. SOLUTION: An air separator is provided with a fan 16a, transferring material air forcibly, a first heat exchanger 12a, preheating the material air, a heater 13, heating the material air further, a catalytic reactor 14, reacting a trace amounts of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which are contained in the material air, with oxygen in the material air to convert them into carbon dioxide and water, a first cooler 15, cooling the material air to a normal temperature, a compressor 11, compressing the material air, a second cooler 17, cooling the material air to the normal temperature again, a changeover using type adsorbing tower 18, removing the carbon dioxide and water in the material air, and a fractionating tower 20, separating the material air into nitrogen and oxygen. In this case, the heater 13 is provided with a second heat exchanger 12b, a fuel burner 7 and a blower 16b for circulating air for heating.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air separation apparatus for producing a product gas from which hydrocarbons have been removed, and more particularly to a gas having reduced hydrocarbon concentration while producing high-purity nitrogen. The present invention also relates to an air separation device for producing high-purity oxygen and an oxygen-containing gas that can be used for producing semiconductors and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art "Nitrogen-removing air separation equipment" which separates raw air into nitrogen and oxygen by rectification to produce product nitrogen
In order to obtain high-purity nitrogen used for the production of semiconductors by a so-called "nitrogen generator", a method has been proposed in which carbon monoxide and hydrogen in raw material air are removed by a catalytic reactor before a rectification step. . For example, Japanese Patent Publication 4-6399
No. 3 discloses that raw material air is 90 to 12 suitable for a catalytic reaction.
The temperature is raised to 0 ° C and introduced into the catalytic reactor, where hydrogen in the raw material air and carbon monoxide and oxygen, which are difficult to separate from nitrogen due to rectification, are reacted and burned to be converted to carbon dioxide and water. It is disclosed. In connection with this technology, an adsorption tower for adsorbing and removing hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and water, which are poisons of the catalyst reactor, is installed upstream of the catalyst reactor. It is disclosed in 172458. With these techniques, it is possible to produce high-purity nitrogen used for producing semiconductors and the like.

[0003] However, the residual gas other than high-purity nitrogen extracted from the raw material air using the nitrogen generator is waste oxygen-enriched air having a high oxygen concentration containing about 15 to 30 ppm of hydrocarbons. There was no useful use other than being used as a regeneration gas for the tower, and effective utilization was required.

In a so-called double rectification column type air separation device comprising a high-pressure column and a low-pressure column for simultaneously producing product nitrogen and product oxygen, if the raw material air contains hydrocarbons, the raw material air During the process of rectifying and separating nitrogen and oxygen, hydrocarbons are concentrated to a concentration of about 15 to 30 ppm in components having a high boiling point, that is, product oxygen. Therefore, in such an air separation apparatus, it is possible to produce high-purity nitrogen that can be used for semiconductor production, etc., but simultaneously produce high-purity oxygen that can be used for semiconductor production, etc. Was difficult.

[0005] That is, in general air as air, about 1.6 ppm of methane and about 0.8 ppb of ethane are contained as hydrocarbons. Methane is concentrated to a high concentration of about 15 to 30 ppm. However, in high-purity oxygen required in recent semiconductor production and the like, hydrocarbons (typically, methane) must be reduced to an extremely low concentration of about 10 ppb or less. In addition, in the following description, hydrocarbon means
Representatively, methane is a general term for hydrocarbons generally contained as atmospheric components such as ethane and propane.

Therefore, in order to obtain high-purity oxygen free of hydrocarbons required for the production of semiconductors and the like, (a)
(B) A method for rectifying an air separation device by producing oxygen gas essentially free of hydrocarbons by electrolyzing water to generate oxygen and hydrogen and using the raw material to produce high-purity oxygen. To increase the oxygen concentration by, for example, re-rectifying low-purity oxygen extracted from the main rectification column in a normal air separation apparatus, that is, liquid oxygen not containing hydrocarbons but containing other impurities, or (C) In an air separation apparatus, hydrocarbons in liquid oxygen are adsorbed and removed by low-temperature adsorption.

The purpose of removing hydrocarbons in liquid oxygen in an air separation device is to obtain high-purity oxygen usable for the production of semiconductors and the like, and to remove hydrocarbons in oxygen in a rectification column. Another object is to prevent the accumulation and concentration of (methane) from forming an explosive mixture to improve the safety of the apparatus. For example, in the past, part of liquid oxygen in products was released to avoid the accumulation of hydrocarbons in liquid oxygen and dangerously high concentrations. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 57-62 discloses a method for removing hydrocarbons by low temperature adsorption.
No. 81 discloses this. According to this, before introducing the cooled raw material air into the rectification column, hydrocarbons are adsorbed and removed by a low-temperature adsorber filled with an adsorbent and cooled by switching.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-18223 discloses that
In order to produce high-purity oxygen in parallel with the production of high-purity nitrogen, it is disclosed that an adsorption tower for adsorbing and removing hydrocarbons in oxygen is installed in a path for extracting oxygen from a rectification tower. Furthermore, it has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-203345 and 9-148 to remove hydrocarbons to produce high-purity oxygen by improving a rectification operation method of an air separation device.
32 and JP-A-7-305954. The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-203345 discloses a method in which oxygen-enriched air discarded from a nitrogen generator is introduced into a two-column re-rectification column and re-rectified to contain hydrocarbons. Not to produce high-purity oxygen. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-14832 also discloses an improved method for producing high-purity oxygen by two-stage rectification in an air separation apparatus of a nitrogen generator type. The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-305954 discloses a method in which an oxygen gas containing oxygen but not containing heavy pollutants (such as hydrocarbons) is mainly rectified in a double rectification column type air separation apparatus. This is a two-stage rectification in which the column is withdrawn from the column and subsequently rectified again in the auxiliary rectification column.

The operation of the conventional double rectification column type air separation apparatus will now be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
The raw air passed through the filter (10) is pressurized to a predetermined pressure (3 to 10 kg / cm ² G) by a compressor (11), and then heated by a heater (13) to a reaction temperature in a catalytic reactor (14). Is raised to about 90 to 120 ° C. In the catalytic reactor (14), trace amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the raw air react with the oxygen in the air by a catalytic reaction to be converted into carbon dioxide and water. The raw material air leaving the catalytic reactor (14) is cooled to room temperature by a cooler (15). The raw material air leaving the cooler (15) is introduced into a switchable adsorption tower (18) filled with an adsorbent such as molecular sieve,
Carbon dioxide and water in the raw material air are adsorbed and removed. The raw material air (30) exiting the adsorption tower (18) is cooled to a very low temperature in a regenerative reverse heat exchanger (19) and then introduced into the lower tower (21) of the rectification tower (20). Is done.

[0010] Preliminary rectification is performed in the lower column (21), and liquid oxygen (40) having a high oxygen content is separated at the lower portion of the lower column (21), and nitrogen is separated at the upper portion. Among them, the liquid oxygen (40) having a high oxygen content is introduced into the upper tower (22) via the conduit (60) and the expansion valve (25). Part of the nitrogen gas separated at the upper side of the lower tower (21) is taken out as high-purity product nitrogen (33). Part of the remaining part is condensed and liquefied in a condensing unit (23), which is used for evaporating liquid oxygen in the upper tower (22) and condensing nitrogen in the lower tower (21), and returns to the lower tower (21). And the remainder (42) is transferred to the upper column (22) via conduit (62) and expansion valve (24).

The liquid oxygen (40) and liquid nitrogen (42) having a high oxygen content supplied to the upper column (22) are supplied to the upper column (2).
By rectification in 2), liquid oxygen is stored in the lower part of the upper tower (22) and nitrogen is separated in the upper part. Nitrogen is introduced into the reverse heat exchanger (19) from the top of the upper tower (22) via the conduit (54), and heat-exchanges with the feed air to raise the temperature. Released into the atmosphere as waste nitrogen (35).

As a cold source (not shown) for liquefying the raw air (30) in the reverse heat exchanger (19), a gas stream taken from a part of the rectification column (20) is used. A cold source generated by an expansion turbine using the above method or an external cold source such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or liquid air is used.

The re-rectification of oxygen is carried out as follows. Extracting an oxygen-containing stream substantially free of hydrocarbons as a first oxygen-containing stream from a portion of the lower column (21);
It is introduced into the upper part of the rectification column (27) via the conduit (61) and the expansion valve (28). As a second oxygen-containing stream, a gas stream composed of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen (90% or more) is withdrawn from the vicinity of the lower portion of the upper column (22), and is passed through a conduit (65). Introduce at the bottom. This second oxygen-containing stream is fed to the bottom of the rectification column (27) for heating the bottom liquid.

The flow (44) from the top of the re-rectification column (27) and the flow (43) from the bottom of the column are returned to the same position in the upper column (22), respectively. . Rerectification tower (2
From the intermediate position of 7), high-purity oxygen (46) containing no hydrocarbon is extracted.

As described above, the prior art for obtaining hydrocarbon-free oxygen by using a re-rectification column uses the lower column (21) in which the oxygen concentration is slightly reduced but oxygen substantially containing no hydrocarbon is used. (Via conduit (61)).

However, in the method of re-rectifying low-purity liquid oxygen extracted from the main rectification column in the air separation device with the auxiliary rectification column, the equipment cost increases and the price of the product oxygen gas increases, There were problems such as complicated operations. Also, the lower the concentration of hydrocarbons allowed in the product oxygen, the greater the amount of liquefied oxygen containing hydrocarbons whose hydrocarbon concentration is relatively low but exceeds the allowable limit increases. In addition, the yield of high-purity oxygen is reduced, resulting in high production cost and uneconomical disadvantage.

Further, in the method of adsorbing and removing hydrocarbons by an adsorption tower cooled to a low temperature in an air separation device, regeneration is insufficient by merely evacuating the cooled adsorption tower at a low temperature. However, there is a problem that the adsorption capacity gradually decreases. Even if the adsorption tower used for regular switching is heated and regenerated from a low temperature,
Heat loss was large and uneconomical. Further, it has been difficult to remove hydrocarbons to an extremely low concentration of about 10 ppb or less by low-temperature adsorption from the viewpoint of adsorption performance.

In the method of producing high-purity oxygen containing no hydrocarbon using oxygen generated by electrolysis of water as a raw material, the oxygen produced at the electrolytic oxygen generation site such as a water electrolysis tank is subjected to high pressure. It is necessary to fill a gas container or liquefy oxygen gas to transport it as liquid oxygen to a user such as a semiconductor manufacturing plant at the site of use, which increases transport and distribution costs. Therefore, when a user is in a remote place and uses a large amount of high-purity oxygen, there are problems such as difficulty in supplying gas.

[0019]

Therefore, before introducing the raw material air into the rectification column, hydrocarbons in the air are efficiently removed until the concentration reaches a very low concentration of about 10 ppb or less, and separated and formed in the rectification column. There has been a need to provide an air separation device that can significantly prevent the conventional technology from being able to contain hydrocarbons in both the nitrogen and oxygen.

That is, an object of the present invention is to simultaneously produce high-purity nitrogen and, at the same time, efficiently produce high-purity oxygen and an oxygen-containing gas required for the production of semiconductors by reducing the concentration of hydrocarbons. Another object of the present invention is to provide an air separation device that is inexpensive and easy to operate.

[0021]

According to the present invention, there is provided an air separation apparatus for cooling a compressed raw material air, introducing the compressed raw material air into a rectification column, and converting the raw material air to a boiling point temperature in the rectification column. An air separation device for separating nitrogen and oxygen by a difference, wherein a blower forcibly transfers raw air, a raw air before being transferred by the blower and introduced into a heater, and downstream of the heater. A first heat exchanger for preheating the feed air before being introduced into the heater by heat exchange with the high-temperature feed air leaving the catalytic reactor; A heater for indirectly heating to a temperature suitable for the reaction, a second heat exchanger provided in the passage of the raw material air, a fuel burner for heating air as a heating medium to a predetermined temperature, and Air between the second heat exchanger and the fuel burner A heater equipped with a circulation blower that circulates air, and a small amount of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the heated and heated raw air react with the oxygen in the raw air to convert it into carbon dioxide and water. A catalyst reactor filled with the catalyst to be cooled, a first cooler for further cooling the raw material air cooled by exiting the catalyst reactor and passing through the first heat exchanger to room temperature; A compressor for compressing the raw material air having passed through the first cooler, a second cooler for cooling the raw material air having passed through the compressor to room temperature,
A switchable adsorption tower for removing carbon dioxide and water in the compressed and cooled raw material air, and a rectification column for separating the raw material air leaving the adsorption tower into nitrogen and oxygen. It is characterized by the following.

Generally, for pressure vessels and pipes such as heat exchangers and catalyst towers used under severe operating conditions of high temperature and high pressure, appropriate structural materials corresponding to the operating pressure and operating temperature are selected.
Design of equipment and piping to optimize pressure-resistant structure and dimensions,
What has been produced is installed. The higher the operating pressure,
Also, the higher the operating temperature, the higher the strength of the structural material of the equipment and piping is required, and a thicker material or a material with a higher heat resistance temperature is used. Therefore, equipment costs of equipment used under high temperature and high pressure increase material cost and manufacturing cost, and inevitably increase equipment cost.

In view of the above and the problems to be solved, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, have found that the oxidation reaction of reacting hydrocarbons contained in air with oxygen using a catalyst. The effect of the reaction pressure on the speed is small, and the reaction speed when the reaction pressure is near the atmospheric pressure and the discharge pressure of the air compressor in an ordinary air separation device are 3 to 10.
It was found that there was no significant difference when comparing the reaction rates at kg / cm ² G. In addition, the higher the operating temperature of the catalytic reactor, the higher the reaction speed, and the space velocity (SV value), which is the amount of processing gas per unit catalyst amount, can be set to a large value, but the reaction temperature is increased unnecessarily. 3 reaction temperatures without
It has been found that when the temperature is 50 to 550 ° C., a reasonable reaction rate that can be industrially adopted can be obtained.

Therefore, a blower, a heat exchanger, a heater, and a catalyst reactor are arranged in this order on a path for introducing the raw material air into the rectification column, and a reaction temperature (350 to 550) required for the catalyst reaction is provided.
C)), operating the catalyst reactor at a pressure as close to atmospheric pressure as possible will result in operation at a very low pressure, and even if the temperature condition is relatively high, the pressure condition will be relaxed. Compared to the case where severe operating conditions of high temperature and high pressure are overlapped, only inexpensive equipment such as a heat exchanger and a catalyst tower can be used, and the equipment cost can be significantly reduced.

Further, the catalyst reactor is installed upstream of the compressor, and the operating pressure in the equipment / pipe path from the catalyst reactor to the compressor is always about 0.005 to higher than the atmospheric pressure. 0.5 kg / cm ² G, more preferably 0.01 to
By setting the pressure to 0.2 kg / cm ² G, the raw material air purified by the catalytic reactor is exposed to the outside air due to gas leakage from the connection part of the equipment / piping compared to the case where the inside of the equipment / piping has a negative pressure. The problem that the concentration of hydrocarbon (methane), carbon monoxide, or hydrogen rises due to intrusion of the atmosphere (atmosphere) can be reduced. Further, in the case where the operation is performed while maintaining the inside of the device / piping at a small positive pressure, the structure of the device / apparatus can be extremely simplified because the device / piping does not have to have a negative pressure resistant structure.

Further, since the hydrocarbons in the air are removed before the feed air is introduced into the rectification column of the air separation device,
No additional equipment investment such as re-rectification towers is required compared to conventional air separation equipment.Inexpensive equipment reduces the concentration of hydrocarbons and removes high-purity oxygen and oxygen-containing gas necessary for semiconductor production. Can be manufactured.

If the present invention is effectively used, even if an existing air separation device can only produce a product gas containing hydrocarbons, it can be used as a blower, a heat exchanger, a heater, a catalytic reactor, a cooler, etc. By adding additional equipment adjacent to existing equipment, it is possible to increase the function of equipment capable of producing high-purity oxygen and oxygen-containing gas required for semiconductor production etc. by reducing the concentration of hydrocarbons It can be said that the industrial utility value in this industry is very large.

If the present invention is applied to a double rectification column type air separation apparatus, it becomes possible to provide an air separation apparatus which is inexpensive equipment and whose operation is simpler than in the past, and which enables the production of high-purity nitrogen. At the same time, it is possible to economically produce high-purity oxygen and an oxygen-containing gas that can be used for the production of semiconductors and the like.

Further, if the present invention is applied to an air separation device as a nitrogen generator, a dry gas with a high oxygen concentration which has conventionally been discharged as waste nitrogen (actually, an oxygen / nitrogen mixed gas with a high oxygen concentration) can be obtained. Hydrocarbons therein can be removed to very low concentrations of about 10 ppb or less. If nitrogen is added to and mixed with the waste nitrogen containing no hydrocarbon to adjust the oxygen concentration to the same as that of air, it can be used as substitute dry air that can be used in various industrial fields such as semiconductor production.

By devising a method of operating the nitrogen generator, the raw air from which hydrocarbons have been removed can be taken out as product dry air as disclosed in JP-A-8-86564.
No. 6,086,045. However, in this case, the yield of the product dry air is low because the concentration of hydrocarbons on the side of the oxygen-enriched air is not improved, and only a part of the oxygen-enriched air is available for the product dry air. Value.
In contrast, in the present invention, no hydrocarbons are enriched on the oxygen-enriched air side because the hydrocarbons in the feed air have been removed prior to introduction into the rectification column. Therefore,
The entire amount of the oxygen-enriched air to be discarded can be used as product dry air.

According to the present invention, the reaction temperature (3
(50-550 ° C.) at a pressure as close to the atmospheric pressure as possible, and reacting hydrocarbons (methane), carbon monoxide, and hydrogen contained in the raw air with oxygen in the air. After converting to carbon dioxide and water, the pressure is increased by a compressor, introduced into a switchable adsorption tower to obtain raw air from which carbon dioxide and water have been removed, and then this raw air is introduced into a rectification tower It is. In the rectification column, the raw material air is separated into nitrogen and oxygen by the difference in boiling points.

As described above, the present invention is characterized in that hydrocarbons in the raw material air are removed before being introduced into the rectification column, and the essential effects of the present invention are determined by the configuration of the equipment attached to the rectification column. Is not affected. Therefore, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to rectification towers having various equipment configurations.

[0033]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on embodiments.

[0034] As one example of the first embodiment the present invention, an air separation unit showing a basic schematic diagram of a case of the double column system in Figure 1.

In FIG. 1, raw air introduced through a filter (10) is transferred by a blower (16a). Before the feed air is introduced into the heater (13), the hot air exiting the catalytic reactor (14) and the first heat exchanger (12)
It is preheated by heat exchange in a). In addition,
In the equipment and piping route from the catalytic reactor (14) to the compressor (11), the operating pressure is preferably about 0.005 to 0.5 kg / cm ² G, which is always higher than the atmospheric pressure. ,
More preferably, it is about 0.01 to 0.2 kg / cm ² G. This pressure is obtained by forcibly transferring the raw air by a blower (16a).

Next, the raw material air preheated in the first heat exchanger (12a) is further heated by a heater (13) to 350 to 550 ° C., which is a temperature required for the catalytic reaction. This is because air heated to a predetermined temperature by a fuel burner (7) is circulated and blown between a second heat exchanger (12b) and a burner (7) by a circulation blower (16b), and the air is used as a raw material. This is done by indirectly heating the air in a second heat exchanger (12b). As the burner (7), a liquid fuel burner, a gas fuel burner or the like can be appropriately selected and used. In the operation of the fuel burner (7), auxiliary components (not shown) necessary for supplying auxiliary combustion air, externally discharging combustion exhaust gas, and the like are appropriately provided.

Next, the raw material air is introduced into the catalytic reactor (14), and trace hydrocarbons (mainly methane), carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the raw material air react with oxygen in the air to produce carbon dioxide. And converted to water. When the above reaction temperature is used, the catalyst charged in the catalyst reactor (14) is P
It is preferable that at least one selected from t, Pd and Rh is supported on a carrier such as alumina.

The feed air leaving the catalytic reactor (14) is
In the heat exchanger (12a), after being cooled by heat exchange with the raw material air before being introduced into the heater (13), it is further cooled to room temperature by the first cooler (15).

Preferably, at least a first heat exchanger (12a), a heater (13), and a catalytic reactor (14) are integrally formed on a common base to form an integrated structure. In a box (8) with a closed structure. It is preferable to provide a heat insulating material between the outer surface of the integrated structure and the wall of the box (8) to reduce heat radiation to the outside air.

The raw air leaving the cooler (15) is pressurized to a predetermined pressure (3 to 10 kg / cm ² G) by the compressor (11), and then cooled to room temperature by the second cooler (17). Is done. The cooled raw material air is separated by a drain separator (not shown) into a molecular sieve.
Switch-type adsorption tower filled with adsorbents such as tubes (18)
And carbon dioxide and water in the raw material air are adsorbed and removed. In addition, the adsorption tower (18) may be either a heating regeneration type or a pressure swing type.

The raw air (30) leaving the adsorption tower (18) is cooled to a very low temperature in a regenerative reverse heat exchanger (19) and then cooled to the lower tower (21) of the rectification tower (20). ). Preliminary rectification is performed in the lower column (21), and liquid oxygen having a high oxygen content is separated at a lower portion of the lower column (21), and nitrogen is separated at an upper portion. Among them, the liquid oxygen (40) having a high oxygen content is transferred to the upper tower (22) via the conduit (60) and the expansion valve (25). Part of the nitrogen gas separated at the upper side of the lower tower (21) is taken out as high-purity product nitrogen (33).
A part of the remaining part is condensed and liquefied in a condensing unit (23) for evaporating liquid oxygen in the upper tower (22) and condensing nitrogen in the lower tower (21), and passes through the lower tower (21). Descends, and the rest (42) consists of conduit (62) and expansion valve (24)
To the upper tower (22).

The oxygen-rich liquid oxygen (40) and liquid nitrogen (42) supplied to the upper column (22) are mixed with the upper column (2).
By rectification in 2), liquid oxygen is stored in the lower part of the upper tower (22) and nitrogen is separated in the upper part. Among them, liquid oxygen is taken out of the conduit (67) as hydrocarbon-free high-purity product oxygen gas (47).
If necessary, the liquid oxygen accumulated in the lower part of the upper tower (22) can be taken out in a liquid state from a conduit (not shown) provided below the conduit (67). Nitrogen is introduced into the reverse heat exchanger (19) from the top of the upper tower (22) via the conduit (54), and heat-exchanges with the feed air to raise the temperature. Released into the atmosphere as waste nitrogen (35).

As a cold source (not shown) for liquefying the raw material air used in the reverse heat exchanger (19), expansion is performed by utilizing a gas flow taken out from a part of the rectification column. It is known to use cold generated by a turbine or an external cold heat source such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or liquid air, but any method may be used as appropriate.

In the above description, the feed air is separated into nitrogen and oxygen by a double rectification column type air separation apparatus. However, if necessary, a part of the upper column (22) has a large argon content. It is also possible to take out the liquid stream and co-produce product argon by a separately provided argon rectification column.

Since hydrocarbons are not substantially contained in the fluid of the product oxygen (47) and the product nitrogen (33) (several ppb or less), they can be used as they are in the manufacture of semiconductors. At the same time, waste nitrogen containing oxygen (3
5) Since it does not substantially contain hydrocarbons, it can also be used effectively as follows.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-86564 discloses a method of obtaining air from which hydrocarbons have been removed from a nitrogen generator as a substitute for dry air, but the waste nitrogen (35) according to the present invention is also disclosed. It can be used as a substitute for such dry air. The oxygen concentration in the waste nitrogen can be adjusted by adding nitrogen as necessary. In addition, the raw material air from which the hydrocarbons exiting the adsorption tower (18) can be used as such dry air as necessary.

Embodiment 2 As another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a basic schematic configuration diagram when the air separation device is a nitrogen generator.

In FIG. 2, until the raw material air (30) leaves the adsorption tower (18), it is treated by the same operation as in the first embodiment. The raw material air leaving the adsorption tower (18) is cooled to an extremely low temperature in a regenerative reverse heat exchanger (19) and then introduced into the lower part of the rectification tower (20).

In the rectification column (20), the feed air is supplied to the liquid oxygen (4) having a high oxygen content at the bottom of the rectification column (20).
0) and substantially pure high-purity nitrogen at the top of the rectification column (20). Part of the high-purity nitrogen is heated to room temperature in the reverse heat exchanger (19), and the product nitrogen (3
The residue is taken out as 3) and the remainder is liquefied by the condenser (26) and returned to the rectification column (20) as liquid nitrogen for reflux for rectification.

The oxygen-rich liquid oxygen (40) taken out from the bottom of the rectification column (20) is introduced into the condenser (26) through the conduit (60) and the expansion valve (25), and is supplied with nitrogen gas. After being used as a cold source for liquefaction, it is vaporized and introduced into the reverse heat exchanger (19), exchanges heat with the raw material air, and heats up. ) And released into the atmosphere.

As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cold source (not shown) for liquefying the raw air used in the reverse heat exchanger (19) is one in the rectification column. It is known to use a cold generated by an expansion turbine by using a gas flow taken out of a section or to use an external cold source such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or liquid air. A method may be used.

Since the hydrocarbon of the waste nitrogen (35) does not substantially contain hydrocarbons (several ppb or less), this is shown in FIG.
Can be used as a substitute for dry air as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The oxygen concentration in the waste nitrogen can be adjusted by adding nitrogen as necessary. In addition, the raw material air from which the hydrocarbons exiting the adsorption tower (18) can be used as such dry air as necessary.

[0053]

According to the present invention, when the rectification column of the air separation apparatus is a double rectification column system, the product oxygen and product nitrogen fluids do not substantially contain hydrocarbons ( (Several ppb or less), these can be used as they are in semiconductor manufacturing and the like, and waste nitrogen containing oxygen can be used as a substitute for dry air.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, when the rectification column of the air separation apparatus is a nitrogen generator, product nitrogen is obtained, and at the same time, about half of the raw material air conventionally discharged into the atmosphere. Corresponding waste nitrogen can be completely used as a substitute for dry air. Therefore,
Effective utilization of energy resources can be achieved.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, as means for raising the temperature of the raw material air to a temperature required for the catalytic reaction, the raw material before being transferred by the blower (16a) and introduced into the heater (13) is used. A first method for preheating the feed air before introduction into the heater (13) by heat exchange between air and the high temperature feed air exiting the catalytic reactor (14) downstream of the heater (13). A heat exchanger (12a) and a heater (13) for indirectly heating the preheated raw material air to a temperature suitable for the reaction in the catalytic reactor (14) are used. that time,
The air heated to a predetermined temperature by the fuel burner (7) is circulated between the second heat exchanger (12b) and the burner (7) by a circulation blower (16).
The raw material air is indirectly heated in the second heat exchanger (12b) using the air by circulating the air in b). As a result, the burner flue gas containing unburned hydrocarbons and the raw material air do not directly contact and mix, and the hydrocarbon concentration in the raw material air introduced into the apparatus is reduced by the catalytic reactor (14). It is avoided that it rises before entering.

In the apparatus of the present invention, preferably, at least the first heat exchanger (12a), the heater (13) and the catalytic reactor (14) are integrally disposed on a common base. There is provided a box (8) of a closed structure which houses the formed integral structure and in which a heat insulating material for reducing heat radiation to the outside air is arranged between the housing and the outer surface of the integral structure. For this reason, the heat radiation to the outside air can be reduced, the heating energy can be reduced, and the installation space can be reduced because a compact device having a small device size can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air separation device of the present invention when a rectification column is a double rectification column system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the air separation device of the present invention when the rectification column is a nitrogen generator.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional air separation device when the rectification column is a double rectification column system.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An air separation apparatus for cooling compressed raw material air, introducing the cooled raw material air into a rectification column (20), and separating the raw material air into nitrogen and oxygen in the rectification column (20) by a temperature difference between boiling points. A blower (16a) forcibly transferring the raw air, and a catalytic reactor (14) downstream of the raw air and the heater (13) before being transferred by the blower (16a) and introduced into the heater (13). 1) for preheating the raw air before being introduced into the heater (13) by heat exchange with the high-temperature raw air exiting
A heat exchanger (12a), and a heater (13) for indirectly heating the preheated feed air to a temperature suitable for the reaction in the catalytic reactor (14). A second heat exchanger (12b) provided in the passage, a fuel burner (7) for heating air as a heating medium to a predetermined temperature, and a second heat exchanger (12b)
b) a heater (13) provided with a circulation blower (16b) for circulating and blowing between the fuel burner (7), and a small amount of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide contained in the heated and heated raw air. A catalyst reactor (14) filled with a catalyst for converting hydrogen to oxygen in the raw material air to convert it into carbon dioxide and water; and a first heat exchanger (12a) exiting the catalyst reactor (14). A first cooler (15) for further cooling the raw material air cooled by passing to room temperature, and a compressor (11) for compressing the raw material air passed through the first cooler (15). A second cooler (17) for cooling the raw material air passed through the compressor (11) to room temperature, and a switchable adsorption for removing carbon dioxide and water in the compressed and cooled raw material air Column (18), and rectification to separate feed air exiting adsorption column (18) into nitrogen and oxygen (20) an air separation apparatus characterized by comprising a. 2. The catalyst filled in the catalyst reactor (14) is P
The air according to claim 1, wherein at least one selected from t, Pd, and Rh is supported on a carrier such as alumina, and the reaction temperature in the catalytic reactor (14) is 350 to 550 ° C. Separation device. 3. An integrated structure formed by integrally disposing at least a first heat exchanger (12a), a heater (13), and a catalyst reactor (14) on a common base is stored. The box (8) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a box (8) having a closed structure in which a heat insulating material for reducing heat radiation to the outside air is disposed between the box and the outer surface of the integrated structure. apparatus. 4. The rectification column (20) according to claim 1, wherein the rectification column (20) is a nitrogen generator for separating raw air into nitrogen and oxygen mainly for producing high-purity nitrogen. Air separation device. 5. The rectification column (20) according to claim 1, wherein the rectification column (20) is a double rectification column for simultaneously producing high-purity nitrogen and high-purity oxygen from raw material air. Air separation device.