JPH11232837A - Recording/reproducing dvd device equipped with data updating function and dvd disk applicable to the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recording/reproducing disk capable of updating recorded video information even after the holding of a time longer than a fixed period and providing a method of long-time holding in a stable manner and a recorder for executing the method. SOLUTION: A management area 70 and a data area 76 are provided in an information recording medium for recording video information, control information 78 is stored in the data area 76, and a video object 82 to be reproduced after the control information is stored. In the management area 70 and the control information 78, recording items regarding the date of recording and the date of updating are provided, these items are referred to during recording and the data are updated at proper time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information reproducing system, an information recording / reproducing system, and a recording medium applicable to the system, in particular, a reproducible reproducing DVD player, a recording / reproducing DVD player, and a DVD player. Regarding possible optical disks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a system for reproducing an optical disk on which video (moving image), audio, and the like are recorded has been developed. Popular for reproduction purposes.

An internationally standardized MP as a moving picture compression method
Adopts EG2 (Moving Image coding Expert Group) method and AC3 as audio coding mode
A DVD standard that uses an audio compression method has been proposed.
An optical disk already based on that standard (hereinafter simply DVD
It is called a disk. ) Is sold, and its playback device is also popular.

The standard of DVD video (DVD-ROM) conforms to the MPEG2 system layer, and MPEG-2 is used as a moving image compression system and linear PC is used as an audio recording system.
It supports AC3 audio and MPEG audio in addition to M. In addition, this DVD video standard
For subtitles, sub-picture data obtained by run-length-compressing bitmap data and control data (navigation data) for playback control such as fast-forward / rewind data search are added. This standard also conforms to ISO 96 standards so that data can be read by a computer.
60 and UDF bridge formats are also supported.

[0005] This DVD standard adopts a moving picture compression method in accordance with the MPEG2 system layer, supports AC3 audio or MPEG audio as an audio coding mode, and furthermore, runs bit-length data for subtitles. It has a data structure including a sub-picture pack in which compressed sub-picture data is independently stored, and a navigation pack in which control data for special reproduction such as fast forward and rewind are also independently stored. In addition, this DVD standard conforms to ISO 9 standards so that data can be read by a computer.
It supports 660 and micro UDF.

In recent years, a readable and writable DVD-RAM (Random Access Memory) has been standardized as part of the DVD standard. This DVD-RAM is a recording / playback DVD
Various proposals have been made for realizing a recording / reproducing player using an optical disc as the recording / reproducing medium.

Using an optical disk of the DVD-RAM standard,
In a recording / reproducing system capable of recording and reproducing video information at home, such as a VTR, a phase-change recording film is often used as a recording film of the DVD disc. This phase change type recording film is made of a phase change type material such as G
It is known as a type in which information can be optically recorded using eSbTe and a change in the arrangement of constituent atoms in the recording film. In this type of recording film, when the recording film is locally heated to a high temperature, the phase changes from a solid phase (solid state) to a liquid phase (liquid state). In this liquid phase, the constituent atoms move around at random. ing. When quenched from this liquid phase state, the random arrangement of the constituent atoms is fixed and stored as an amorphous state. This state is "hardening" of iron
It is consistent with the state. In a phase-change recording film such as GeSbTe, it is more stable if the constituent atoms are originally arranged in an aligned manner. That is, the energy order is low. The situation in which these constituent atoms are arranged in an array is called a “crystal state”. Therefore, when the recording film is locally heated to a liquid phase and then gradually cooled (cooled slowly), it is solidified in a more stable crystalline state.

[0008] In a phase change type recording film, information is recorded using this principle. That is, in the initial state, the entire recording film of the optical disk is in a crystalline state, and the energy of the focused light is locally applied to the recording film, and the recording film is locally heated to a high temperature and then rapidly cooled to an amorphous state. I do. This local amorphous region corresponds to a pit for recording information. When erasing the pits, the pits are heated to a high temperature including before and after the pits, and then gradually cooled to crystallize.

The difference between the rapid cooling and the slow cooling is determined by the temperature gradient with respect to the time axis at the temperature position where the liquid phase changes to the solid phase (returns from the liquid to the solid). If the energy of the focused light is cut off after the temperature is slightly higher than this temperature position, the cooling temperature gradient becomes gentle, and a slow cooling state is formed. Conversely, if the energy of the focused light is cut off after the temperature is much higher than this temperature position, the cooling temperature gradient at this temperature position becomes relatively steep and a rapid cooling state can be formed. That is, the energy amount (irradiation light amount) of the focused light locally applied to the recording film is switched to distinguish between recording and erasing.

[0010]

As described above, the GeS
In a phase-change recording film such as bTe, the crystalline state is more stable, so that a pit in an amorphous state returns to a crystalline state (pits disappear) when left for a long time. As a result, there arises a problem that the video signal recorded after long-term storage disappears. The life of storing pits in an amorphous state varies greatly depending on the recording film. However, in the case of an inexpensive recording film having poor characteristics, some recording films have a life of only about 10 years.
When an accelerated deterioration test is performed on a relatively unreliable recording film under the conditions of 80 ° C. and 90% RH, a raw bit error rate of 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ in the initial state is 1 × 1 after being left for 200 hours.
0 ^-4 experimental data to deteriorate there is up to. When this data is converted into life using an Arrhenius plot, it corresponds to about 10 years.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of preventing loss of recorded video data even when stored for a long period of time and enabling a stable long-term storage, and a reproduction-only method for executing the method. To provide a DVD video player.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a clock unit for knowing the current date and time, a signal from the clock unit and a recorded data recording date and time are used to record the date and time. It comprises an update file detecting section for detecting data after a lapse of a predetermined time, a reading section for reading a file detected by the detecting section, and a writing / writing section in another area.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area. A reading unit for reading out the management information recorded in the management area and the data recorded in the data area; and a date and time data obtained from the clock unit and obtained from the reading unit. A data detection unit that detects whether or not a predetermined period or more has elapsed after data recording, based on a result detected by the detection unit, And a writing unit for reading the read data and management information and writing the read data and management information to a recording medium again.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation and a recording section in the management area A read unit that reads the recorded management information and the data recorded in the data area, compares the date data from the clock unit with the update date data in the management information from the read unit, A file detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a file that has passed the period of
A recording / reproducing apparatus is provided, comprising: a writing unit that reads a file to be updated from the reading unit based on a result detected by the detection unit and writes the file to a recording medium again.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation and a recording section in the management area A read unit that reads the recorded management information and the data recorded in the data area, data from the clock unit, and updated date data of a data block recorded in the management information of the reproduction data from the read unit. And a data block detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a data block that has passed a predetermined period or more after the data block update, and reads a data block to be updated from the reading unit based on a result detected by the detection unit, A recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by comprising a writing unit for writing a new recording medium.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation, and A reading unit for reading the recorded management information and data recorded in the data area; date data from the clock unit; recording date and time data and file update count data recorded in the management information from the reading unit According to this, a file detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a file that has passed a predetermined time or more after the update, and a file to be updated is read by the reading unit based on the result detected by the detection unit, and written to the recording medium again. And a recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by comprising:

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation, A reading unit for reading management information recorded in the area and data recorded in the data area; and a data block recorded in management information of the date and time data from the clock unit and the reproduction data read from the reading unit. A detecting unit that detects the presence or absence of a data block that has passed a predetermined period or more after recording based on the data of the recording date and time and the number of updates, and a data block to be updated by the reading unit based on the result detected by the detecting unit. And a writing unit for reading the data and writing the data on a recording medium again.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation; A reading unit for reading the management information recorded in the data area and the data recorded in the data area; a date data obtained from the clock unit; and a data recording date in the management information obtained from the reading unit. A data detection unit that compares the data with the data, detects whether the management information has passed a predetermined period or more after the data recording, and detects the presence or absence of a file that has passed a predetermined period or more after the writing process. When the management information is to be updated based on the result detected by the detection unit, the read unit reads the read data and management information, and writes the read data and management information to the recording medium again. Reads the file to be updated processing, a write unit for writing anew recording medium, recording and reproducing apparatus characterized by being configured is provided from the.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, a clock section for knowing the date and time of operation and a recording section in the management area A reading unit for reading the management information and the data recorded in the data area, data from the clock unit, data recording date and time in the management information obtained from the reading unit, and reading from the reading unit. Compared with the update date data of the data block recorded in the management information of the reproduced data, it is detected whether or not the management information has passed a predetermined period or more after data recording, A detecting unit for detecting that a predetermined period or more has elapsed after writing of the block; and, if the management information should be updated and recorded based on a result detected by the detecting unit, From parts, writing again reads the management information and reading a data block to be updated processing, a write unit for writing anew recording medium, recording and reproducing apparatus characterized by being configured is provided from the.

According to the present invention, in the recordable / reproducible optical disk medium composed of the management area and the data area, the update end year in the data block unit which can be continuously reproduced is stored in the reproduction data management area. A recording medium characterized by recording date information is provided.

Similarly, according to the present invention, in the recordable / reproducible optical disk medium constituted by the management area and the data area, the update end date / time information in file units is recorded in the file management area. Is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recordable and reproducible optical disk medium which is composed of a management area and a data area and in which video data to be reproduced in time series is recorded, a continuous area is provided in a reproduction data management area. A recording medium is provided, wherein update count information is recorded in the data block in units of data blocks that can be reproduced by the data block.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recordable / reproducible optical disk medium composed of a management area and a data area, update count information is recorded in a file management area in file units. A medium is provided.

According to the present invention, in a recording / reproducing DVD disk, an uncorrectable error detecting section for detecting an uncorrectable error during reproduction, an error information recording section for accumulating and storing information from the error detecting section, and the recording section And a display unit for displaying a warning to a user based on the information of the determination unit. A recording / playback device is provided.

In the information recording / reproducing system of the present invention, 1
A situation in which recorded video information disappears even when stored for a long period of 0 years or more can be prevented, and a method that can be stably stored for a long period and a recorder that executes the method can be provided.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a digital information recording / reproducing system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As a typical embodiment of the digital information recording / reproducing system according to the present invention, there is a device for recording / reproducing a moving picture encoded based on MPEG2 at a variable bit rate, for example, a DVD digital video recorder.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of a recordable optical disk 10 used in the DVD digital video recorder.

As shown in FIG. 1, this optical disk 10
Is a pair of transparent substrates 1 each having a recording layer 17 provided thereon.
4 is bonded with an adhesive layer 20. Each substrate 14
Can be made of 0.6 mm thick polycarbonate, and the adhesive layer 20 can be made of an extremely thin (for example, 40 μm thick) ultraviolet curable resin. These pairs of 0.
By bonding the 6 mm substrate 14 such that the recording layer 17 is in contact with the surface of the adhesive layer 20, a large capacity optical disc 10 having a thickness of 1.2 mm is obtained.

The optical disk 10 is provided with a center hole 22. Around the center hole 22 on both sides of the disk, a clamp area 24 for clamping the optical disk 10 at the time of rotational driving is provided. The spindle of the disk motor is inserted into the center hole 22 when the optical disk 10 is loaded in a disk drive device (not shown).
The optical disk 10 is clamped in the clamp area 24 by a disk clamper (not shown) while the disk is rotating.

The optical disk 10 has an information area 25 around the clamp area 24 where video data, audio data and other information can be recorded.

In the information area 25, a lead-out area 26 is provided on the outer peripheral side. Further, a lead-in area 27 is provided on the inner peripheral side in contact with the clamp area 24.
Is provided. A data recording area 28 is defined between the lead-out area 26 and the lead-in area 27.

The recording layer (light reflection layer) 17 of the information area 25
, Recording tracks are formed continuously in a spiral shape, for example. The continuous track is divided into a plurality of physical sectors, and these sectors are assigned serial numbers. Various data are recorded on the optical disk 10 using this sector as a recording unit.

The data recording area 28 is an actual data recording area. As recording / reproducing information, video data (main video data) such as a movie, sub-picture data such as subtitles / menus, and speech / sound effects are recorded. Audio data is recorded as a pit row (a physical shape or a phase change state that causes an optical change to the laser reflected light).

When the optical disk 10 is a recording / reproducing RAM disk, the recording layer 17 has a phase change recording material layer (eg, Ge2Sb2Te5) sandwiched between two zinc sulfide-silicon oxide mixtures (ZnS / SiO2). It can be composed of multiple layers.

Read-only DVD-ROM disc 1
In the case of 0, a pit row is previously formed on the substrate 14 by a stamper, and a reflection layer of metal or the like is formed on the surface of the substrate 14 on which the pit row is formed, and this reflection layer is used as the recording layer 17. . In such a DVD-ROM disk 10, usually, no groove is provided as a recording track, and a pit row formed on the surface of the substrate 14 functions as a track.

In the various optical disks 10 described above, read-only ROM information is recorded in the recording information area of the recording layer 17 as an emboss signal. On the other hand, on the substrate 14 having the recording / reproducing recording layer 17, such an emboss signal is not engraved in the recording information area, but a continuous groove is inscribed instead. A phase change recording layer is provided in the groove. In the case of a DVD-RAM disc for recording / reproduction,
In addition to the groove, the phase change recording layer on the land portion is also used for information recording.

A DVD digital video recorder described later performs repetitive recording / repetitive reproduction (read / write) on a DVD-RAM disc (or DVD-RW disc) and D
The VD-ROM disc is configured to be capable of repetitive reproduction.

FIG. 2 shows the optical disk (DVD-RA) shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a correspondence relationship between a data recording area 28 of M) 10 and recording tracks of data recorded thereon.

If the disk 10 is a DVD-RAM (or D
In the case of (VD-RW), the main body of the disk 10 is stored in the cartridge 11 to protect the delicate disk surface. When the DVD-RAM disk 10 together with the cartridge 11 is inserted into a disk drive of a DVD video recorder, which will be described later, the disk 10 is pulled out of the cartridge 11 and clamped on a turntable of a spindle motor (not shown) so as to face an optical head (not shown). And is rotationally driven.

On the other hand, if the disc 10 is a DVD-R or D
In the case of a VD-ROM, the main body of the disk 10 is not stored in the cartridge 11, and the naked disk 10 is directly set on the disk tray of the disk drive.

The recording layer 17 of the information area 25 shown in FIG.
, A data recording track is formed continuously in a spiral shape. The continuous track is divided into a plurality of logical sectors (minimum recording units) having a fixed storage capacity as shown in FIG. 2, and data is recorded based on the logical sectors. The recording capacity of one logical sector is determined to be 2048 bytes (or 2 kbytes), which is the same as the one-pack data length described later.

The data recording area 28 is an actual data recording area in which management data, main video (video) data, sub-video data, and audio (audio) data are similarly recorded.

FIG. 3 shows a hierarchical structure of data recorded on the optical disk 10 as an information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing video information and music information shown in FIGS.

The data recording area 28 formed on the optical disk 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a data hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. The logical format of this structure is, for example, one of the standards ISO966.
0 and Universal Disk Format (UDF)
It is determined according to the bridge.

As shown in FIG. 3, a lead-in area 27 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the optical disk 10 and a lead-out area 26 is provided on the outer peripheral side thereof. The data recording area 28 is allocated as a volume space 28, which is a space for volume and file structure information (volume / file management area 70) and a space for DVD standard application (DVD data area). 71).

The lead-in area 27 has a read-only emboss zone in which the light reflection surface has an uneven shape, a mirror zone in which the surface is formed by a flat mirror surface, and a rewrite data zone in which information can be rewritten. ing. The lead-out area 26 is composed of a rewrite data zone in which information can be rewritten.

The emboss data of the lead-in area 27
Zones include disk types such as DVD-ROM (read-only DVD disk), DVD-RAM (recording and reproducing DVD disk) and DVD-R (recordable DVD disk), disk size, recording density, and recording start. / Information on the entire information storage medium, such as a physical sector number indicating a recording end position, is recorded. Also, the recording power and recording pulse width required for recording data on the recording layer 17 and the data recorded on the recording layer 17 are recorded. Information on erasing power required for erasing, reproducing power required for reproducing data recorded on the recording layer 17, and information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics such as linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing are recorded. Further, in the embossed data zone of the lead-in area 27, information relating to the production of one information storage medium such as a production number is recorded beforehand. In the rewrite data zone 27 of the lead-in and the rewrite data zone of the lead-out 26, a recording area for recording a unique disc name for each information storage medium, and whether recording and erasing are possible by recording / erasing conditions are confirmed. And a management information recording area relating to the presence / absence of a defective area in the data area 72 and the address of the area, and a preliminary process for enabling recording of data in the data area 72 is performed. In this area, information necessary for subsequent data recording, erasure and reproduction is recorded.

The volume space 28 is physically divided into a number of sectors, and these physical sectors are assigned serial numbers. The logical address of the data recorded in the volume space (data recording area) 28 is
As defined by ISO9660 and the UDF bridge, it means a logical sector number. The logical sector size here is, like the effective data size of the physical sector,
The logical sector numbers are 2048 bytes (2 kbytes), and serial numbers are added to the logical sector numbers in ascending order of the physical sector numbers.

The volume space 28 has a hierarchical structure, and includes a volume / file management area 70 and a data area 72 composed of one or more video objects. These areas 70 and 72 are partitioned on the boundary between logical sectors. Here, one logical sector is defined as 2048 bytes, and one logical block is also defined as 2048 bytes. Therefore, one logical sector is defined as being equivalent to one logical block.

The volume / file management area 70 is a rewritable data zone that can be recorded and rewritten by the user, and corresponds to a management area defined by ISO9660 and the UDF bridge. Information on the file of the video data or the entire volume is stored in a system memory (not shown) inside the DVD video recorder described later. Usually, this volume / file management area 70 is composed of one file.

First, the optical disk stores data in a normal file format, like a normal computer disk. Therefore, UDF bridge and ISO9
660 is supported. Therefore, the disc includes a volume descriptor (Volume Descriptor) for managing a volume (Volume) and a directory record (Directory Record) for managing each file.

That is, the volume / file management area 70 stores the volume descriptor (Volu
me Descriptor) and a directory record defined to be recorded in a format as shown in FIG.

The directory record shown in FIG.
A descriptor tag (Description Tag) is described at a byte position (relative bit position RBP) “0” as a tag identifier of this descriptor. Byte position "1"
6 "and" 20 ", the volume descriptor sequence number (Volum
e Descriptor Sequence Number) and this primary
The primary volume descriptor number (Primary Volume Descriptor Number) for the descriptor is specified. In the byte position “24”, a volume identifier (Volume Identifier) is described.
6 "and" 58 "have volume sequence numbers (V
olume Sequence Number) and the maximum volume
A sequence number (Maximum Volume Sequence Number) is described. Also, at byte position "60", the interchange level that determines the interchange level
(Interchange Level) has the maximum interchange level (Maximum Interch Level) at byte position “62”.
ange Level) is described. Furthermore, byte position "6"
4 "includes a character set list (Character S
et List), byte position “68” contains the Maximum Character Set List
In t), at byte position "72", a Volume Set Identifier is described. Furthermore, a descriptor character set (Descriptor Character Set) is located at byte position “200”, an explanatory character set (Explanatory Character Set) is located at byte position “264”, and a byte position “32”.
8 "includes Volume Abstra
ct), at byte position "336", there is a volume copyright notice about copyright (Volume Copyright No.
tice), an application identifier (Application Identifier) and a byte position “37” are stored in the byte position “344”.
6 "is the recording date and time.
Is recorded. Also, at byte position “388”,
Implementation Iden
tifier), the byte position “420” has an implementation use (Implementation Use) and the byte position “48”.
4 "is a Predecessor Volume Descriptor sequence position.
r), and a flag (Sequenc
e Location) is written and a reservation is prepared. Byte position "37" of the directory record shown in FIG.
As the recording date and time of 6 ", the date and time when the DVD disk is formatted is recorded. Of course, at the time of updating described later, the contents of the directory record are rewritten again. The recording date and time are not the date and time when formatting, but the date and time when rewriting for updating.

In the directory record, the data length (byte length) of the table in which the directory record is described is described at the byte position (relative bit position RBP) "0" as the directory record length. The record length of the attribute added (extent) following the directory record length is the byte position.
1 "and the logical block number of the first logical block allocated to a data file as an extent to be described later, for example, a video data file, an audio data file or a picture data file, is a byte as a file position. When the file or the file is divided, the data length of the file division is recorded at byte position “10.” The directory record shown in FIG. The date and time when the information in the extent described by the directory record was created, in other words,
The date and time when this directory record was recorded is recorded at byte position "18". Further, a file flag is described at byte position "25" as a characteristic flag of the file. This file flag indicates that the user has this file, the file is a directory record,
Whether or not a directory record is specified including an additional attribute record, and whether or not the user can freely read and use this file without specifying it, etc. are recorded. The file unit size is recorded at byte position "26". In the file unit size, the size of the file unit for the file division is described when the file division is recorded in the interleave mode, and 0 in the non-interleave mode. Is specified. Byte position "27" contains an interlib gap
The size is recorded. In the interlib gap size, when the file division is recorded in the interleave mode, the degree of the interleave feeling for the file division is specified. Non-interleaved
In the case of the mode, 0 is specified as this description. A byte sequence number is recorded at byte position “28”, and the volume sequence number includes
The sequence number in the volume set of the volume in which the extent described by this directory record is recorded is specified. At the byte position “32”, a file identifier is recorded, and the length of the file identifier is specified by the number of bytes of the file identifier of the directory record. At the byte position "33", a file identifier is recorded. If the file record does not indicate that the directory record is a directory, the file identifier specifies identification information for the file. If the directory record indicates that the directory is a directory, identification information for the directory is specified. In addition, this directory record contains:
Padding and system use are recorded. Padding or embedding is provided in this directory record only if the length of the file identifier is even. In this case, (00) bytes are set in this field. For system use, that is, for the system, whether or not it is used is optional, and if any, it is reserved for the system. In this case, if it is necessary to make the directory record an even number of bytes, (0
0) Byte is added. The date and time when the directory record recorded at byte position "18" of this directory record is the date and time when this directory record was recorded first, and does not change after updating.

This directory record further includes:
The update date and time when this directory record was updated are recorded. When this update date is recorded,
When the same date and time as the recording date and time are recorded and updated,
The recording date and time and the update date and time will be different. The update date and time will be described later in more detail together with the operation description. This update date and time is the same as the date and time when the directory record recorded at byte position "18" is recorded when this directory record is recorded for the first time. The update date is the update date, and the date and time at byte position "18" is
Will be different.

As shown in FIG. 3, the data area 72 is defined as an area where computer data and audio / video can be mixedly recorded. The recording order of computer data and audio / video and the size of each recording information are arbitrary. The areas where computer data is recorded are referred to as computer data areas 74-1 and 74-2. Is recorded as an audio and video data area 76. The computer data areas 74-1 and 74-2 include a recording area 7
In the case where only audio and video data is recorded in the recording area 72, the audio and video data area 76 does not need to be provided due to its nature. Is not necessarily provided due to its properties. The computer data areas 74-1 and 74-2 and the audio and video data area 76 are each composed of one or more files in which audio data, picture data and / or video data are stored.

One disc has control information (CI) 7 as information for managing audio / video data of the disc.
8 and the AV data (video
Audio data and / or picture data). That is, in the audio and video data area 76, as shown in FIG. 3, control information 78 necessary for performing each process of recording (recording), reproduction, editing, and retrieval, and a reproduction target, that is, 1 or , Multiple videos
A video object set 80 consisting of objects 82, 84, 86 is recorded. The video object 80 includes a video object 80 whose content is video data, a still image such as a still slide, or a place to be viewed in the video data.
There are a picture object 84 which is picture data such as a thumbnail for searching or editing, and an audio object 86 whose content is audio data. As can be seen, the video object set 80 includes these objects 82, 84, 86
Is sufficient, it is not necessary to provide all the objects 82, 84, 86. Similarly, each of the objects 82, 84, and 86 is composed of one or a plurality of files.

One or more objects 82, 84, 8
6 comprises a video object set 80:
As shown in FIG. 6, video data compressed according to the MPEG standard (video pack 88 described later), audio data compressed or uncompressed according to a predetermined standard (audio pack 90 described later), and run-length compressed sub-pictures Data (sub-picture pack 92 including bitmap data in which one pixel described later is defined by a plurality of bits)
Is stored. As is apparent, when the video object set 80 is composed of the video objects 80, the video object set 80 has a data structure as shown in FIG. 6, and the video object set 80 is composed of the picture objects 84. In case, audio pack 90
Pack 88 and / or sub-picture pack 9 that does not include
2 and a video structure
When the object set 80 is composed of the audio objects 86, it has a data structure composed of only the audio pack 90 that does not include the video pack 88 and the sub-picture pack 92.

As shown in FIG. 3, a logical video object set 80, ie, video, picture and audio objects 82, 84, 86, is composed of a plurality of cells 94, each cell 84 having one or more cells. A video object unit (VOBU) 96 is provided. In this cell 84, in principle, the video object unit (VOBU) 96 is decoded and reproduced in the arrangement order in the cell 84. Each video object unit 85 includes a video pack (V pack) 8
8. An aggregate (pack sequence) of sub-picture packs (SP packs) 92 and audio packs (A packs) 90, which is defined as data to be reproduced for a fixed period, for example, 0.5 to 1.2 seconds Is done. These packs are the minimum units for performing data transfer processing, and data is processed using logical cells as the minimum units. This video object unit (VOBU) has an identification number (IDN #).
k; k = 0 to k), and the video object unit 96 can be specified by the identification number. This video object unit (VOBU)
The reproduction period 96 generally corresponds to the reproduction time of video data composed of one or more video groups (group of pictures; GOP for short) included in the video object unit (VOBU) 85. Usually 1G
The OP is usually about 0.5 seconds in the MPEG standard, and is screen data compressed so as to reproduce about 15 frame images during that time.

The video object unit VOBU
If 96 contains video data, video pack 8
8, a video data stream is configured by arranging GOPs (conforming to the MPEG standard) including sub-picture packs 90 and audio packs 91. In addition, even if the playback data includes only audio and / or sub-picture data, one video object unit (VOBU) 96
Reproduction data is configured as a unit. For example, as in the case of a video object VOB of video data,
An audio pack 90 to be reproduced within the reproduction time of the video object unit (VOBU) 85 to which the audio data belongs is stored in the video object unit (VOBU) 96.

The video objects 82, 84, 86 constituting the video object set 80 are assigned identification numbers (IDN # i; i = 0 to i), and the video objects 82, 84, 86 are identified by the identification numbers. Can be identified. Each cell 94 has an identification number (C) as in the case of the video objects 82, 84, 86.
_IDN # j).

FIG. 7 shows the general structure of the video pack 88, the sub-picture pack 92 and the audio pack 90. All of these packs are composed of data in units of 2048 bytes, similarly to the logical sector shown in FIG.
Video, audio and sub-picture packs 88, 90, 92
Is composed of a pack header 98 and a packet 100 as shown in FIG. The packet 100 includes a packet header, in which a decode time stamp (DST) and a presentation time stamp (PTS) are recorded.

As described above, the files 82, 84,
86 has a hierarchical structure as shown in FIG.
One file 82, 84, 86 is composed of a plurality of cells 94, and one cell 94 is composed of a plurality of video object units (VOBU) 96. Also, V
The OBU 96 is composed of packs 88, 90, and 92 each of which includes a plurality of various types of data. Each of the packs 88, 90, and 92 includes one or more packets 100 and a pack header 98. Pack 8
8, 90 and 92 are minimum units for performing data transfer processing. Further, the minimum unit for performing logical processing is a cell unit, and processing is logically performed in this unit. Also, during playback,
The reproduction is performed by determining the reproduction order on a cell-by-cell basis. As will be described later, a set of cells collected in this reproduction order is called a program (PG), and one connection of the PG is called a program chain (PGC). The management of the cell information (CI) is managed on a PGC basis.

The control information shown in FIG. 3 includes reproduction control information 102 indicating control information necessary for reproduction, recording control information 104 indicating control information necessary for recording (recording / recording), and control information necessary for editing. Edit control information 106 and thumbnail picture control information 108 indicating management information relating to a thumbnail for searching or editing a desired place in video data.

The reproduction control information 102 shown in FIG. 3 has a management information table (PLY_MA) as shown in FIG.
T) 122 and a program chain (PGC) information table (PGCIT) 110. Information as shown in FIG. 9 is described in the management information table (PLY_MAT) 122, and the program chain (PG
C) The information table 110 has a data structure as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, the PGC information table 110 includes PGC information management information 112 and search pointers # 1 to # n11 for searching each piece of PGC information.
4 and PGC information # 1 to # n116. Program chain (PGC) information table 11
0 is information describing a program chain (PGC) and a reproduction order of cells, and data of a cell 94 recorded in a video object 82, that is, movie data as real data constituted by a video object unit 96. Is reproduced according to the description in the program chain (PGC) information table 110. This program chain (PGC) information table 110 has P
GC information management information 112, a search pointer 1 for searching PGC information # 1 to PGC information #n and PGC information (# 1) 116 to PGC information (#n) 116
14. Once the PGC number is determined,
By referring to the search pointer 114, the reproduction order of the cell for reproducing the PGC corresponding to the PGC number is obtained, and the data of the cell 94 as the actual data is obtained from the video object 82 according to the reproduction order of the cell. And the video is played. Here, the video object 82 has been described.
Similarly, the program chain (PG
C) According to the description in the information table 110, cell data as actual data is extracted and reproduced.

Here, the PGC corresponds to a chapter in a movie story, and indicates a unit for executing a series of reproductions in which a cell reproduction order is specified. In other words,
One PGC into one drama, for example, this PGC
Can be interpreted to correspond to various scenes in the drama. Specifically, FIG.
If there is a certain video data stream as shown in FIG. 1, the video data stream is divided into video object units 96 that are played back within a certain period of time. Determined.

Here, the video object unit 9
6 are, in principle, continuous, so that the PGC information 116 and, more specifically, the cell playback information 120, as described later, contain the first video object unit 96 and the last video object A cell 94 is defined in unit 96; That is, the cell reproduction information 120
In the cell reproduction information in, information of a reproduction section specified by a start address and an end address of reproduction data constituting a cell is described.

When the cell 94 is determined, the PGC is constituted by determining the reproduction order of the cell. For example, as shown in FIG. 11B, cell-A, cell-B, cell-C
PGC # 1 is defined by arranging the three cells 96 in the cell reproduction information table so that the cells are reproduced in the order of. Similarly, PGC # 2 is defined by arranging three cells 96 in a cell reproduction information table so as to be reproduced in the order of cell-D, cell-E, and cell-F. R, cell-S, cell-T, cell-U
PGC # 3 is defined by arranging the five cells 96 in the cell reproduction information table so that the cells are reproduced in the order shown in FIG. Here, PGC # 1 and # 2 are linked to each other to link PGC # 1 corresponding to a certain chapter.
Then, PGC # 2 corresponding to the next certain chapter is reproduced. In other words, continuously from cell-A to cell-F
Are played continuously. In the PGC, the cells 94 are reproduced in the arrangement order.
Since the reproduction order of C is arbitrary, for example, a certain PGC
Can be defined as a cell by configuring another PGC, and the way of linking, that is, link information can be arbitrarily determined, so that various stories can be created or edited. For example, after PGC # 1, PGC
# 3 can be linked, and PGC # 1 and PG
The same cell, for example, cell G, can be added to C # 2 to provide different chapters.
An arbitrary story can be reproduced by linking PGC # 3 following C # 1 or PGC # 2.

As shown in FIG. 9, the reproduction management table 122
Describes an identifier ID that is playback control information.
Start address (VOB) of video object set 80
S_SA) and the end address (VOBS_EA) are described, and the end address (C
TLI_EA) and the end address (PLYI_EA) of the reproduction control information (PLYI) 102 are described. The reproduction management table 122 has an attribute (C) indicating that the management information belongs to the recording / reproduction DVD format.
AT) is described in the audio / video data area 7
6, the attributes of the video in the video object set recorded, for example, the attributes of the NTSC system, wide, etc. are described. Similarly, the number of audio streams (AST_Ns) in the recorded video object set and its attributes, for example, Table describing the compression method (AST_
ATR), and the number of sub-picture streams (SPST) in the video object set recorded in the same manner.
_Ns) and a table (SPS) describing its attributes and the like
T_ATR) is described.

The PGC information management information (PGC information) shown in FIG.
_MAI) 112 includes information indicating the number of PGCs as shown in FIG.
14 includes information that points to the beginning of each piece of PGC information, as described above, and facilitates PGC search. The PGC information 116 includes PGC general information 118 shown in FIG. 10 and one or more pieces of cell reproduction information 120 shown in FIG.

PGC information management information 112 (PGC_MA
I) includes a PGC information table 110 as shown in FIG.
End address (PGC_TABLE_EA), PGC
The end address (PGC_MAI_EA) of the information management information 112 (PGC_MAI) and the start address (PGC) of the search pointer (PGC_SRP) 114 of the PGC information
_SRP_SA) and end address (PGC_SRP_
EA), the start address (PGCI_SA) and the end address (PGCI_SA) of all PGC information (PGCI) 116.
_EA) and the number of all PGCs (PGC_Ns).

The PGC general information (PGC_GI) 118 includes information indicating the PGC reproduction time and the number of cells, as shown in FIG. That is, the PGC general information (PGC_GI) 118 includes the number of the PGC, the contents of the PGC (PGC_CNT) describing the number of cells, and the PGC.
A table (PGC_AST_CTL) in which information for controlling the reproduction time of the GC (PGC_PB_TM), the audio stream included in the PGC, and the PGC
Describes a table (PGC_SPST_CTL) in which information for controlling the sub-video stream included in the file is described. The PGC general information (PGC_GI) 118 includes link information related to the PGC to be linked to the PGC, for example, a PGC navigation control (PGC) describing a previous PGC, a next PGC, or a jump (GOup) PGC. PGC_NV_CTL), a sub-picture pallet table (PGC_SP_PLT) in which reproduction information about the colors of the sub-picture pallets and the like are described, and P
A start address (PGC_PG) of a program table (not shown) in which a list of programs constituting the GC is described.
MAP_SA) is described. Further, this table (PGC_GI) includes cell reproduction information (CELL_PL).
Y_I) 120 start address (CELL_PLY_I)
_SA), a flag indicating whether there is menu data created by the user for the PGC (01: menu data, 00: no menu data), and reservation.

The cell reproduction information (CELL_) shown in FIG.
The PLY_I) 120 describes a cell category (C_CAT) as shown in FIG. 14, for example, whether the cell belongs to a block, and if so, whether the block is an angle block. In addition, cell playback information (CEL
L_PLY_I) 120 describes a reproduction time (absolute time) of a cell in the PGC. Further, in the cell reproduction information (CELL_PLY_I) 120, the start address (CELL_SA) and the end address (CELL_EA) of the cell include the addresses of the first and last video object units (VOBU) in the cell from the beginning of the video object set 80. Described by relative address.

Here, the angle block means a block whose angle can be switched. Angle switching means changing the angle at which the subject image is viewed (camera angle). In the example of a rock concert video, in the same music performance scene (same event), scenes viewed from various angles, such as a scene captured mainly by vocalist, a scene captured mainly by guitarist, a scene captured mainly by drummer, etc. Means you can.

The angle switching (or angle change) is performed when the angle can be selected according to the viewer's preference, or when the same scene is automatically changed in the flow of the story while changing the angle. (If the software creator / provider configured the story in that way; or if the user of the DVD video recorder made such editing).

The recording control information 104 shown in FIG. 8 has a recording management table (REC_MAT) 126 shown in FIG.
And a recording information table (REC_I
T) 124. The recording management table (REC_MAT) 126 in FIG. 15 includes the end address (RECI_EA) of the recording control information 104, the recording management table 126,
Is described (REC_MAT_EA),
Free area (FR) for writing information related to record management
EE_SPACE) is provided. The recording information table (REC_IT) 124 in FIG. 6 is the end address (RE) of the recording information table (REC_IT) 124.
C_IT), the number (n) of program chains recorded in the data area 76, and when the program chain # 1 is recorded, the program chain # 1 (PGC #
1) Recording date and time, program chain # 1 (PGC #
When 1) is updated, its renewal (update)
Date and time, a flag (ARCHIVE) indicating whether or not it is desired to save this program chain # 1 (PGC # 1).
Flag), that is, a flag (0: free [erasable], 1: permanent storage) indicating whether or not the user wants to permanently store the data. When there are a plurality of program chains, the recording date and time of PGC # 1, the renewal date and time, and the flag (ARCHIVE Flag) are provided by the number of the program chains, and are arranged in the order of the program chain numbers as shown in FIG. You. Similarly, the update date and time of this program chain is equal to the recording date and time before the update, and is updated thereafter, so that the update date and time and the recording date and time are different.

FIG. 17 shows the disk shown in FIG.
2 shows an example of a configuration of a device (DVD video recorder) for recording and reproducing digital moving image information at a variable recording rate using information having a structure as described above.

The apparatus main body of the DVD video recorder shown in FIG. 14 is generally a DVD-RAM or DVD-R
A disk drive unit 32 that drives the disk 10 to rotate and reads and writes information on the disk 10;
It comprises an encoder unit 50 constituting the recording side, a decoder unit 60 constituting the reproducing side, and a microcomputer block 30 for controlling the operation of the apparatus main body.

The encoder section 50 includes an analog / digital converter (A / D) 52, a video encoder (V encoder) 53, and an audio encoder (A encoder).
54, a sub-picture encoder (SP encoder) 55,
A formatter 56 and a buffer memory 57 are provided.

Analog / Digital Converter (A / D) 52
The external analog video signal from the AV input section 42
External analog audio signal or TV tuner 4
4 and an analog TV signal + analog audio signal. This analog / digital converter (A / D) 52
Converts the input analog video signal into a digital signal with a sampling frequency of 13.5 MHz and a quantization bit number of 8 bits, for example. (That is, the luminance component Y, the chrominance component Cr (or YR), and the chrominance component Cb (or Y-
B) Each is quantized with 8 bits. ) Similarly,
The analog / digital converter (A / D) 52 digitizes the input analog audio signal at a sampling frequency of 48 kHz and a quantization bit number of 16 bits, for example.

The analog / digital converter (A /
When an analog video signal and a digital audio signal are input to the D) 52, the analog-to-digital converter (A / D) 52 passes the digital audio signal through. (The contents of the digital audio signal are not altered,
Processing to reduce only jitter accompanying digital signals,
Alternatively, processing for changing the sampling rate or the number of quantization bits may be performed.

On the other hand, an analog / digital converter (A /
When a digital video signal and a digital audio signal are input to D) 52, the analog-to-digital converter (A / D) 52 allows the digital video signal and the digital audio signal to pass through (also for these digital signals, Jitter reduction processing, sampling rate change processing, etc. may be performed without altering the contents.)

Analog / Digital Converter (A / D) 52
Are sent to a formatter 56 via a video encoder (V encoder) 53. Also, an analog / digital converter (A / D) 52
From the digital audio signal component from the audio encoder (A encoder) 54
Sent to

The V encoder 53 has a function of converting an input digital video signal into a digital signal compressed at a variable bit rate based on the MPEG2 or MPEG1 standard and packetizing it.

The A encoder 54 converts the input digital audio signal into a digital signal (or a linear PCM digital signal) compressed at a fixed bit rate based on the MPEG or AC-3 standard, and packetized. With the ability to

When a DVD video signal having a data structure as shown in FIG. 6 is input from the AV input section 42 (for example, a signal from a DVD video player with an independent output terminal for a sub-picture signal), or When a DVD video signal is broadcast and received by the TV tuner 44, a sub video signal component (sub video pack) in the DVD video signal is converted into a sub video encoder (SP encoder) 55.
Is input to The sub-picture data input to the SP encoder 55 is arranged in a predetermined signal form and sent to the formatter 56.

The formatter 56 includes a buffer memory 57
Is used as a work area, predetermined signal processing is performed on the input video signal, audio signal, sub-picture signal, and the like, and recording conforming to the format (file structure) described with reference to FIGS. The data is output to the data processor 36.

Here, the contents of a standard encoding process for creating the recording data will be briefly described. That is, when the encoding process is started in the encoder unit 50 in FIG. 16, parameters necessary for encoding video (main video) data and audio data are set. Next, the main video data is pre-encoded using the set parameters, and the optimal code amount distribution for the set average transfer rate (recording rate) is calculated. Encoding of the main video is executed based on the code amount distribution obtained by the pre-encoding in this manner. At this time, the encoding of the audio data is also executed at the same time.

As a result of the pre-encoding, if the amount of data compression is insufficient (when the desired video program cannot fit on the DVD-RAM disk or DVD-R disk to be recorded), if there is a chance to pre-encode again (For example, if the recording source is a repeatable source such as a video tape or a video disc), partial re-encoding of the main video data is performed, and the re-encoded portion of the main video data is pre-encoded. Is replaced with the main video data portion. By such a series of processing, the main video data and the audio data are encoded, and the value of the average bit rate required for recording is greatly reduced.

Similarly, parameters necessary for encoding the sub-picture data are set, and the encoded sub-picture data is created.

The main video data, audio data and sub-video data encoded as described above are combined and converted into a video object structure.

That is, main video data (video data)
Is set as the minimum unit, and cell reproduction information (C_PLY_I) as shown in FIG. 14 is created. Next, the configuration of the cells constituting the program chain (PGC), the attributes of the main video, the sub-video, and the audio, etc. are set (part of these attribute information uses information obtained when each data is encoded. Playback control information 1 including various information described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 8.
02 is created.

The encoded main video data, audio data and sub video data are subdivided into packs of a fixed size (2048 bytes) as shown in FIG. These packs include PTS (presentation time stamp) and DTS (decode time stamp) as appropriate.
Etc. are described. For the PTS of the sub-picture, a time arbitrarily delayed from the PTS of the main picture data or audio data in the same reproduction time zone can be described.

Then, the VOBUs 96 are collected as data to be reproduced within a certain time so that the data can be reproduced in the order of the time code of each data. Each data cell is defined while arranging the VOBU 96, and is composed of a plurality of cells. A VOB is configured. V that summarizes one or more VOBs
OBS 80 is formatted into the structure of FIG.

A disk drive unit for reading and writing (recording and / or reproducing) information on the DVD disk 10 includes a disk drive 32 and a temporary storage unit 34.
, A data processor 36, and a system time counter (or system time clock; STC) 38.

The temporary storage section 34 stores the disk drive 32
A certain amount of data (data output from the encoder unit 50) written to the disk 10 via the disk drive 32 is buffered or data reproduced from the disk 10 via the disk drive 32 (input to the decoder unit 60). Is used to buffer a certain amount of the data. For example, if the temporary storage unit 34
When configured with a byte semiconductor memory (DRAM), it is possible to record or reproduce data for about 8 seconds at an average recording rate of 4 Mbps. When the temporary storage unit 34 is configured by an EEPROM (flash memory) of 16 Mbytes, the average is 4 Mbps.
It is possible to buffer recorded or reproduced data for about 30 seconds at a recording rate of. Further, the temporary storage unit 34
Is composed of a 100 Mbyte ultra-small HDD (hard disk), it is possible to buffer recording or reproduction data for 3 minutes or more at an average recording rate of 4 Mbps.

The temporary storage unit 34 stores the data in the disk 1 during recording.
When 0 is used up, it can be used to temporarily store recording information until the disk 10 is replaced with a new disk.

Further, when a high-speed drive (double speed or higher) is employed as the disk drive 32, the temporary storage unit 34 temporarily stores extra data read from the normal drive within a certain period of time. Also available. If the read data at the time of reproduction is buffered in the temporary storage unit 34, the reproduced data buffered in the temporary storage unit 34 can be switched and used even when a read error occurs in an optical pickup (not shown) due to vibration shock or the like. This makes it possible to prevent the reproduced video from being interrupted.

The data processor (D-PRO) shown in FIG.
The unit 36 supplies the DVD recording data from the encoder unit 50 with the ECC information to the disk drive 32 according to the control of the microcomputer block 30 or supplies the DVD reproduction signal reproduced from the disk 10 from the drive 32. The data is received, corrected for errors, and supplied to a decoder unit.

The microcomputer block 30 includes a main MPU (or CPU), a ROM in which a control program and the like are written, and a RAM for providing a work area necessary for executing the program.

The MPU of the microcomputer block 30 uses the RAM as a work area in accordance with the control program stored in the ROM, and functionally detects the update file.
A. Operated as having an error information storage unit 30B for storing a data error detected from read data and a reliability judgment unit 30C for judging the reliability of the RAM-DVD disc from the data error. Is done.

The contents of the execution result of the MPU 30 to be notified to the user of the DVD video recorder are displayed on the display unit 48 of the DVD video recorder or on a monitor display on an on-screen display (OSD). The MPU 30 is operated based on the time of a clock unit 45 built in the apparatus, and each unit is operated based on the time of the clock unit 45. The MPU 30 receives an instruction from the external input device 43, for example, a reproduction input using a reproduction key (PLY key), a data update input from a renewal key, or a stop input from a stop key (STOP key). The corresponding process will be executed. Especially,
The external input device 43 is preferably provided with an update instruction key for instructing an update, and an update operation described later may be instructed and executed by the update instruction key.

The MPU 30 has the disk drive 3
2. The timing for controlling the data processor 36, the encoder unit 50, and / or the decoder unit 60 is based on STC3.
8 (the recording / playback operation is normally performed in synchronization with the time clock from the STC 38, but the other processing is performed based on the time data from the STC 38).
It may be executed at a timing independent of the STC 38).

The decoder section 60 is a separating section for separating and extracting each pack from DVD playback data having a pack structure as shown in FIG. 7, that is, a separator 62 and a memory 63 used when performing pack separation and other signal processing. And a video decoder (V decoder) 64 for decoding the main video data separated by the separation unit 62 and a sub-video decoder (SP) for decoding the sub-video data (contents of the sub-video pack 90) separated by the separation unit 62 A decoder) 65, an audio decoder (A decoder) 68 for decoding the audio data (contents of the audio pack 91 in FIG. 7) separated by the separation unit 62, and a video data from the V decoder 64 to the sub decoder from the SP decoder 65. A video processor 66 for synthesizing video data as appropriate and superimposing subtitles and other sub-videos on the main video and outputting A video / digital / analog converter (VD / A) 67 for converting a digital video output from a video processor 66 into an analog video signal, and an audio / digital converter for converting a digital audio output from an A decoder 68 into an analog audio signal. An analog converter (A / D / A) 69 is provided.

The video / digital / analog converter (V.
The analog video signal from the D / A) 67 and the analog audio signal from the audio / digital / analog converter (A / D / A) 69 are transmitted via the AV output unit 46 to external components (not shown) (not shown). Channel multi-channel stereo device + monitor TV or projector).

The data processing operation in the recording / reproducing apparatus (DVD video recorder) described above, that is, the recording processing and the reproducing processing will be described with reference to FIG.

The processing is started in step S1 and the RAM-
When the DVD disk 10 is loaded into the player, the DVD
If the disk 10 has not been formatted yet, the disk is first formatted as shown in step S2, and then the recording process is started. At the time of data processing at the time of recording, the user first enters the key input unit 4
When the MPU unit 30 receives a recording command by key input via the control unit 3, necessary management data is read from the DVD disk 10 from the drive unit 32 and an area to be written is determined. Next, a management area is created so that recording data is written in the area determined as shown in steps S3 and S4, necessary information is written, and a write start address of video data is set in the drive unit 32, Prepare to record data.

Here, the management area to be set includes a file management unit (indicating a directory record in ISO9660) for managing a file and a control information (CI) 7.
8, necessary parameters are recorded in the file management unit.

Next, the MPU unit resets the time in the STC unit. Here, the STC unit performs recording and playback based on this value using a timer of the system.

Further, the MPU unit makes other settings, and thereafter, the recording is started as shown in step S5.

Here, the flow of the video signal is as follows. That is, first, the A / D 52 converts the AV signal input from the TV tuner section 44 or the external input into an A / D signal. The video signal is a video encode section 53, the audio signal is an audio encode section 54, and the TV tuner section 4
4, a closed caption signal or a text signal such as teletext is input to the SP encoder 55.

Each decoding section compresses each signal into packets (however, each packet is cut into 2048 bytes per pack when packed, and packetized). input. Here, each of the decoder units 53, 54, 55
According to the value of the C section 38, the PTS and DTS of each packet are determined and recorded as needed.

The formatter unit 56 temporarily stores the packet data in the buffer memory unit 57, and thereafter packs the input packet data, mixes the data for each GOP, and inputs it to the D-PRO unit 36.

The D-PRO unit 36 attaches ECCs to the drive unit 32 as an ECC group for every 16 packs. However, if the drive unit 32 is not ready for recording on the disk 10, the data is transferred to the temporary storage unit 34 and waits until data is ready to be recorded, and recording is started when the preparation is completed. Here, the temporary storage unit 3
No. 4 is assumed to be a large-capacity memory in order to hold recording data for several minutes or more by high-speed access.

At the end of recording, as shown in step S5, necessary information is recorded in the reproduction control information 102 of the control information 78 and the volume & file management area 70 after the end, and the recording operation ends. However, the microcomputer can read and write the D-PRO unit 36 through the microcomputer bus in order to read and write the volume & file management area 70 of the file. Then, step S6
The reproduction operation is enabled as shown in FIG.

In data processing at the time of reproduction, first, when the MPU unit 30 receives a reproduction command by a user inputting a key, the D-PRO unit 36 receives a command from the drive unit 32.
To read the volume & file management area 70 and determine the address to be reproduced. Here, the management area refers to a volume descriptor and a file management unit. The volume descriptor determines whether the disc is a DVD disk, extracts control information 78 from the information of the file management unit, and assigns a title to be reproduced from the control information 78 to a title to be reproduced. The corresponding video objects 82, 84, 86 and the PGC number to be reproduced are determined, and the address to start the reproduction is determined.

Next, the MPU unit 30 sends the address of the data to be reproduced and the read command determined earlier to the drive unit 32. The drive unit 32 reads sector data from the disk 10 in accordance with the sent command, performs error correction in the D-PRO unit 36, and outputs the data to the decoder unit 60 in the form of pack data.

In the decoder section 60, the read pack data is received by the separating section 62, packetized, and video packet data (MPEG video data) is transferred to the video decoding section 64 according to the purpose of the data, and The packet data 68 is stored in the audio decoding unit 6.
8 and the sub-picture packet data is transferred to the SP decoding unit 65. At the start of transfer, the transmitted packet data loads the PTS into the STC unit, and sets the PTS in the pack to the STC 38 by the MPU unit 30 or the video decoder unit 64 automatically
S is set in the STC section. Then, each decoding unit performs a reproduction process (comparing the PTS and STC values) in synchronization with the PTS (presentation time stamp) value in the packet data, and reproduces a video with audio subtitles on the TV. can do.

Further, the microcomputer operation of the reproduction of the present invention will be described with reference to the operation flow shown in FIGS. Here, the normal playback operation starts when the PLAY key is pressed. At this time, if the title number is not specified in advance, the title 1 file corresponding to the default,
That is, it is assumed that the reproduction of the video object (VOBU) is started.

When step S10 shown in FIG. 19 is started, first, as shown in step 12, control information (control Info.) 78 is read. That is,
The PGC information 116 shown in FIG. 10 in the control information 78 is read into the MPU 30. When the user designates a title as shown in step 14, or when the default title 1 is selected, the information of the target title is fetched from the title search point of the PGC information table 110 according to the designated title number, and the The start address of the object is extracted. That is, the PGC number and cell number to be reproduced are determined as shown in step S16. Further, each decoder is initialized according to the contents written in the reproduction management table of the control information as shown in step S18. As shown in step 18, a cell to be reproduced is searched according to the contents of PGCI 116, and a necessary preprocessing command is executed as shown in step S20. This preprocessing command is described in a command table provided as necessary in the PGC information table 110, and is extracted as necessary. Thereafter, the cell is reproduced as shown in step S21. Step S
If the reproduced cell is not the last cell as shown at 22, the next cell number is counted up as shown at step S24, and the routine goes to step S21.

In step S22, the process waits until the reproduction of the cell is completed. After the reproduction is completed, as shown in step S26, the still is performed for the still time of the cell. Here, if the still time is 0, the process directly proceeds to the next step S28. Thereafter, a post-processing command is executed in step S28. The post-processing command is described in a command table provided as necessary in the PGC information table 110, similarly to the pre-processing command, and is extracted as necessary.

In step S30, if the PGC to be reproduced next is not the end of reproduction, but the next PGC is to be reproduced,
The GC number is determined, and the routine goes to Step S20. During data reproduction, errors in the reproduced data are checked, and the number of errors that cannot be corrected among the errors is counted one after another, and the number is recorded in the error information recording unit 30B of the MPU 30. You. When the reproduction is completed in step S30, the number of errors in the error information recording unit 30B is read in step S32, and when the number of errors is equal to or less than a certain value (for example, 1 or less) as shown in step S36. Is shifted to step S38. If the number of errors is not equal to or smaller than the predetermined value as shown in step 36, as shown in FIG. 21 as an example, "an error has occurred in this disc. It is recommended that you use a disc. "
Displayed on the screen. Thereafter, as shown in step S38, other reproduction end processing (reset of each decoder, etc.) is executed, and the reproduction processing is ended as shown in step S39.

Here, steps S21 and S2 in FIG.
The microcomputer operation of the cell reproduction shown in FIG. 2 will be described according to the operation flow shown in FIG. When the process at the time of cell reproduction shown in step S40 is started, it is checked whether or not VOBUs are continuous as shown in step S42, and if so, the process proceeds to step S48. If the cells are not consecutive in step S42, the reproduction start address is determined with reference to the PGC information 116 in step 44, and the reproduction start address is set to the drive unit 32 together with the data read command. As shown in the control information 78, that is, the cell reproduction start time (C_
(PBTM) is taken into the MPU 30 and stored in the RAM. The cell reproduction start time (C_PBTM) is displayed on the display device, and cell reproduction is continued based on the reproduction time. If the stop key is pressed during the reproduction of the cell as shown in step S50, the process proceeds to step 57, and the cell reproduction is terminated based on the input of the stop of reproduction.

If the stop key is not pressed during the reproduction of the cell in step S50, it is checked in step S52 whether or not the cell corresponds to the last cell. If not, the process returns to step S50. . If it is the last cell, it waits for the reproduction of the last VOBU in that cell to end as shown in step S54. When the reproduction of the last VOBU is completed, step S
As shown by 56, the still cell is still for the still time of the cell, and it is confirmed in the next step S22 whether or not the cell is the last cell. If it is not the last cell, the process returns to step S42 again. Here, if the still time is 0, the process directly proceeds to the next step S22. If it is the last cell in step 22, the process proceeds to step S26 shown in FIG.

As described in describing the related art,
In a RAM-DVD disk, after a certain period of time after recording, the disk surface is crystallized, and data cannot be read. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically rewrite data. The operation of rewriting the same data is called a renewal operation (update operation). Incidentally, it is said that there is no problem even if the area to be rewritten is rewritten into an area where data has already been written.

First, the opportunity to execute the renewal operation may be (1) when a renewal key (update key) is pressed, and (2) when the power is turned off. Otherwise,
When inserting or ejecting a disc, it may be performed automatically after a certain period of time, but considering that the renewal operation takes a certain amount of time, if it takes time to insert and remove the disc, recording immediately after inserting the disc, It is assumed that the above timing is appropriate, for example, because recording is performed immediately after the disc is replaced, or performing renewal when the user attempts to record does not meet the user's request.

Further, in order to determine the object to be renewed, it is necessary to detect the recording date and time, and since the data has a hierarchical structure, it is preferable to record the data in different areas depending on the level. First, regarding the renewal of the file management area, as shown in FIG. 4, it is determined whether or not to renew using the recording date and time of the byte position "376" provided in the volume descriptor. Indicates the recording date and time when the renewal was made in the recording area at that time.

Regarding the renewal for each file, it is determined whether or not the renewal is performed by using the recording date and time of the byte position "18" provided in the directory record shown in FIG. Is
The recording date and time at which the renewal was made are recorded in the renewal date and time recording area provided at the reserved byte position.

Further, with respect to renewal in units of PGCs, it is determined whether or not renewal is to be performed using the recording date and time at byte position "8" provided in the recording information table 124 shown in FIG. In
The recording date and time at which the renewal was made are recorded in the renewal date and time recording area provided at the reserved byte position.

The volume descriptor is created at the time of the format shown in FIG. 18. At this time, the recording date and time of the management area are recorded. Further, regarding the directory record and the control information, FIG.
8, the recording date and time, the renewal date and time, and the like are recorded.

Here, usually, after a disc is inserted, a recording process is executed according to a recording instruction from the REC key of the key input unit 43. The renewal processing at the time of this recording processing will be described with reference to the operation flow shown in FIG. Here, the recording operation usually starts when the REC key is pressed. At this time, unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that PGC numbers are assigned in the recording order.

When the recording operation is started as shown in step S60 in FIG. 22, data in the file management area is read as shown in step S61. As shown in step S61, it is checked whether there is free space on the DVD disk, and if there is free space, the process proceeds to step S65. If there is no free space on the DVD disk, a message "no recording space" is displayed on the display unit, for example, a TV screen as shown in step S53, and the recording operation is ended as shown in step S64. .

If there is free space, step S65
As shown in (1), the free space is temporarily stored in the memory in the main MPU, and the write address of the control information and the AV data is determined. Thereafter, as shown in step S66, a directory record of the file to be written is created in the file management area, and the file is registered. Also, control information is created, the first PGCI is created, and the playback information (P
LAY INFO. ), Record information (REC INF)
O. ) And PGC information are registered. Next, step S
As shown in FIG. 67, the settings at the time of recording are made in each encode No. section. That is, the average recording rate is set, the STC unit 38 is reset, the write start address is set in the drive unit, the formatter unit 56 is initialized, the dummy pack insertion setting is performed, and the cell separation time is set. .

At the start of recording, as shown in step S68, an encoding start command is set in each encoding unit, and recording is started. After recording starts, stop recording key (ST
When the (OP key) is input, the process proceeds to step S75. If there is no PGC separation information in step S70, the process proceeds to step S72.
If there is PGC isolation information, the isolation information is stored in the memory in the main MPU. In step S72, a process of checking the remaining capacity is performed during recording. If the remaining capacity is small as shown in step S73, necessary processing, for example, displaying the remaining capacity to the user is performed. The processing is executed. If the remaining capacity is sufficient, step S74 to step S6
9 is performed. If it is determined in step S74 that there is no remaining capacity, the process proceeds to step S75 to execute a recording end process. In this recording end process, each encoding unit and farm mutter unit are initialized, and the file management area is updated. When the file management area is updated, the reproduction end flag is cleared, and the flag (ARCHIVE Flag) indicating whether the PGC is permanently saved is cleared.
The recording date and time and the renewal date and time are recorded. Also, the content of the control information is updated based on the separation information, and at the time of this update, the creation date and time of the PGC is recorded. Here, when the renewal has not been performed yet, the recording date and time are set equal to the renewal date and time, and after the renewal is performed, the recording date and time and the renewal date and time are different. By the above processing, the recording date and time and the renewal date and time at each level are recorded. Thus, the recording operation ends as shown in step S76.

Next, the operation of executing the actual renewal operation after inputting the renewal key or after inputting the power OFF key will be described with reference to the operation flow shown in FIGS.

Here, in the case of renewal, renewal in two layers is conceivable. In other words, there are two cases: one is performed on a file basis and the other is performed on a PGC basis. Basically, this operation takes time, so it is more advantageous to renew in smaller units. Therefore, it is considered that it is advantageous to perform the renewal in PGC units as the actual processing. However, when the D-VD-RAM drive is used in a computer peripheral device, the minimum unit is a file unit, and therefore both operations are considered.

First, the operation when renewal is performed for each file will be described with reference to the operation flow of FIG. When the renewal operation is started as shown in step S80, volume management data and file management data are read in as shown in step S81. Step S
As shown at 82, the date and time when the volume management area was recorded is checked, and if the difference is equal to or less than the current date and time (Now Time) and this recording date and time in step S83 (10 years), the step is executed. The process moves to S84.
In this step S84, the entire volume management area is read out and recorded again. At this time, the recording date and time of the volume descriptor and the directory record shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are changed to the date and time of this processing. In step S85, it is checked based on the file management data shown in FIG. 5, ie, the renewal date and time data of the directory record, whether or not there is a file that has passed a certain value or more (10 years) after the last renewal. If there are no files,
The operation ends as shown in step S87. If there is a file older than a certain value (10 years) after the last renewal, all the found files are read out and recorded again. At this time, as a result of the search,
The renewal date and time of all found files are changed to the date and time at the time of this renewal processing.

Next, the operation of executing renewal in units of PGC will be described with reference to the operation flow of FIG. When the renewal operation is started as shown in step S90, volume management data and file management data are read in as shown in step S91. Step S
As shown at 92, the date and time when the volume management area was recorded is checked, and if the difference is equal to or less than the current date and time (Now Time) and this recording date and time in step S93 (10 years), the step is executed. The process moves to S95.
In this step S94, the entire volume management area is read out and recorded again. At this time, the recording date and time of the volume descriptor and the directory record shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are changed to the date and time of this processing. In step S95, the recording information table 124 in the control information shown in FIG.
At 6, the PG which has passed a certain value or more (10 years) after the last renewal is obtained from the renewal date and time data.
It is checked whether C exists, and the elapsed PGC is 1
If there is no PGC, the operation is ended as shown in step S98. If there is a PGC more than a certain value (10 years) after the last renewal, step S
At 97, all of the found PGCs are read and re-recorded. At this time, the renewal date and time of all PGCs found as a result of the search are changed to the date and time at the time of this renewal process.

Instead of recording the renewal date and time in the above-mentioned renewal date and time recording area, the number of renewals may be recorded in this area. In this case, referring to the recording date and time, the number of renewals after the recording may be recorded, and the timing of the renewal may be specified. That is, for each file unit, the update date and time in the directory record shown in FIG. 5 may be replaced with the renewal count, and the renewal count may be recorded in this area. Obviously, it is obvious that the update date and time in the directory record may be recorded in the item of the number of renewals (RenewalCount), and both may be recorded.

In the renewal operation in units of PGCs, the renewal count (Renewal count) is used instead of the PGC renewal date and time in the record information table as shown in FIG.
) May be recorded. Obviously, both the PGC renewal date and time and the renewal count may be recorded in the record information table in the same manner as the directory record.

As for the directory record and the record information table, the recording date and time or the number of renewals are recorded during the recording operation. However, at the time of the first recording, the number of renewals = 0 is recorded.

In the operation flow of FIG. 23, step S85
In the operation flow of FIG.
At 96, it is determined whether or not to perform the renewal, with the recording date and time + the number of renewals × 10 years as the renewal date and time.

In addition, even if the above processing is performed, a reading error may occur due to scratches, dust, and the like. In this case, data is guaranteed by performing ECC error correction. However, errors that cannot be completely corrected may occur. In this case, the disk needs to be cleaned or replaced with a new disk. Therefore, after performing the reproduction process, step S3 shown in FIG.
As shown from 2 to S36, the number of uncorrectable errors generated during the reproduction is counted, and when the number exceeds a certain value, a comment recommending the user to replace or clean the disk is displayed on a TV or the like. ing.

Normally, as shown in FIG.
4, 65, 68 and the data processor 36 are shown in FIG.
The request signal shown in FIG.
68 to the data processor 36,
As shown in FIG.
26 to the respective decoders 64, 65, 68
Data is transferred from the data processor 36 to each of the decoders 64, 65 and 68 as shown in FIG. At the time of this data transfer, an uncorrectable error signal shown in FIG. 26D is applied to each of the decoders 64, 65 and 68, and this error signal is also applied to the DF / F 80. FIG.
The clocks shown in (e) are the decoders 64, 65, 68
To the OR circuit 82 to which the acknowledge signal is supplied. Therefore, if an error signal is detected while the acknowledge signal is being output, D-
An error detection output is output from the F / F 80 to the counter unit 84. During the data transfer, this error detection is counted by the counter unit 84, and as described above, when the reproduction process ends, the count content of the counter unit 84 is read into the MPU unit 30 as shown in step S32 of FIG. . The MPU unit 30 compares the number of errors with a predetermined number as shown in step S33 of FIG.

[0147]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a method capable of updating recorded video information even when stored for a certain period of time for a long period of time and enabling a stable long-term storage and a recorder for executing the method. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of a recordable / reproducible optical disk (DVD-RAM or DVD-RW disk).

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a correspondence relationship between a data recording area of the optical disk (DVD-RAM) of FIG. 1 and a recording track of data recorded thereon.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary view for explaining a directory structure of information recorded on the optical disc of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a table showing contents of a primary volume descriptor stored in a volume and a file management area shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a table showing contents of directory records stored in the volume and file management area shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a view showing a data structure of the video object set shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a view showing the structure of the data pack shown in FIG. 6;

8 is a diagram showing a data structure of control information shown in FIG.

9 is a reproduction management table (PLY_MA) shown in FIG. 8;
The figure which shows the content of T).

FIG. 10 is a view showing a data structure of a PGC information table shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the concept of PGC in the PGC information table shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a view showing contents of PGC information management information shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a view showing the contents of PGC general information shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a view showing the contents of the cell reproduction information shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the contents of a record management table shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing contents of a recording information table shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a device (DVD video recorder) that records and reproduces digital moving image information on the disc of FIG. 1 using information having a structure as described in FIGS.

18 is a flowchart showing an outline of recording and reproducing operations in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG.

19 is a flowchart showing a normal reproduction operation in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing processing during cell reproduction during a normal reproduction operation in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG. 17;

FIG. 21 is a plan view showing an example of a display screen at the time of an error in the flow operation shown in FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a recording operation in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG. 17;

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an operation of updating management data in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG. 17;

FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing an operation of updating control information in the DVD video recorder shown in FIG. 17;

FIG. 25 is a block diagram of an error counting circuit for realizing error counting in the flow shown in FIG. 19;

FIG. 26 is a timing chart showing signal waveforms at various parts in FIG. 25;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Recordable / reproducible optical disk (DVD-RAM or DVD-R) 11 ... Cartridge (for DVD-RAM) 14 ... Transparent substrate (polycarbonate) 16 ... Light reflecting layer 17 ... Recording layer 19 ... Reading surface 20 ... Adhesive layer 22 ... Center hole 24 ... Clamping area 25 ... Information area 26 ... Lead-out area 27 ... Lead-in area 28 ... Data recording area 30 ... Microcomputer block (MPU / ROM)
/ RAM) 32 ... Disk drive 34 ... Temporary storage unit 36 ... Data processor 38 ... System time counter STC 42 ... AV input unit 44 ... TV tuner (terrestrial / satellite broadcast tuner) 46 ... AV output unit 48 ... DVD video recorder display Unit (liquid crystal or fluorescent display panel) 50 encoder unit 52 A / DC 53 video encoder 54 audio encoder 55 sub-picture encoder 56 formatter 57 buffer memory 60 decoder unit 62 separator 63 memory 64 video Decoder 65 ... Sub-picture decoder 66 ... Video processor 67 ... Video D / A 68 ... Audio decoder 69 ... Audio D / A 70 ... Volume / file structure area 72 ... Data area 76 ... Audio / video data area 78 ... Control information 80 video object set 94 cell 96 video object unit 102 playback control information 104 recording control information 110 PGC information table 122 playback management table

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Taira 3-3-9, Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toshiba Abu E Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideo Ando 70 Yanagicho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Ltd. Toshiba Yanagimachi Plant

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock unit for knowing the date of operation; management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit for reading data recorded in the area; comparing date and time data obtained from the clock unit with data recording date and time data in management information obtained from the reading unit; And a data detection unit that detects whether or not a predetermined period or more has elapsed. Based on a result detected by the detection unit, the reading unit reads the read data and management information, and writes the management information to the recording medium again. A recording / reproducing apparatus, comprising: a unit; 2. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock section for knowing the date of operation; and management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit for reading data recorded in the area, comparing the date and time data from the clock unit with the updated date and time data in the management information from the reading unit, and a predetermined period or more has elapsed after the update. A file detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a file, and a writing unit that reads a file to be updated from the reading unit based on a result detected by the detection unit and writes the file to a recording medium again. Recording / playback device. 3. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock unit for knowing the date of operation; management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit for reading data recorded in the area; comparing the data from the clock unit with the updated date data of the data block recorded in the management information of the reproduction data from the reading unit; A data block detection unit for detecting the presence or absence of a data block that has passed a predetermined period or more after the update; and a data block to be updated is read from the read unit based on a result detected by the detection unit and written to the recording medium again. A recording / reproducing apparatus, comprising: a unit; 4. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock section for knowing the date of operation; management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit that reads data recorded in the area; a date / time data from the clock unit; a recording time data and a file update count data recorded in management information from the reading unit; A file detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a file that has elapsed for a time or more, and a writing unit that reads a file to be updated by the reading unit based on a result detected by the detection unit and writes the file to the recording medium again. A recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 5. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock section for knowing the date of operation; and a management information recorded in the management area. A reading unit that reads data recorded in a data area; and date and time data from the clock unit; and data at the time of recording and update count of a data block recorded in management information of reproduction data read from the reading unit. With the data
A detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a data block that has passed a predetermined period or more after recording, and a writing unit that reads a data block to be updated by the reading unit based on a result detected by the detection unit and writes the data block to the recording medium again. A recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by comprising: 6. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock section for knowing the date of operation; management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit for reading data recorded in the area; comparing date and time data obtained from the clock unit with data recording date and time data in management information obtained from the reading unit; A data detection unit that detects whether information has passed a predetermined period or more after data recording, and a data detection unit that detects the presence or absence of a file that has passed a predetermined period or more after the writing process. When the management information is to be updated, the read unit reads the read data and the management information, writes the read data and the management information again on the recording medium, and updates the file to be updated. A recording / reproducing apparatus, comprising: a writing unit that reads and writes the data on a recording medium again. 7. A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, comprising: a clock section for knowing the date of operation; and management information and data recorded in the management area. A reading unit for reading data recorded in an area, management of data from the clock unit, data recording date data in management information obtained from the reading unit, and reproduction data read from the reading unit. Compare with the update date data of the data block recorded in the information,
A detection unit that detects whether or not a predetermined period or more has elapsed after the management information has been recorded, and a detection unit that detects that a predetermined period or more has elapsed after writing the data block, and a result detected by the detection unit. A writing unit that reads the management information from the reading unit and writes the management information again when the management information is to be updated, and reads a data block to be updated and writes the data block to the recording medium again. A recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 8. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said updating operation is performed when a power supply is turned off. 9. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a data update key unit, wherein said operation is started by a signal from said update key unit. 10. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an updating unit for updating the date to be updated after the writing. 11. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an updating unit for increasing the update count data by one after the writing and updating the data. 12. In a recordable / reproducible optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, update end date / time information in units of data blocks which can be reproduced continuously is stored in a reproduction data management area. A recording medium characterized by being recorded. 13. A recording medium comprising: a recordable / reproducible optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area, wherein update end date information is recorded in a file management area in file units. 14. In a recordable and reproducible optical disk medium comprising a management area and a data area and recording video data to be reproduced in time series, it is possible to continuously reproduce data in a reproduction data management area. A recording medium characterized in that update count information is recorded in said data block in possible data block units. 15. A recording medium, comprising: a recordable / reproducible optical disk medium having a management area and a data area, wherein update information is recorded in a file management area in file units. 16. A recording / reproducing DVD disk, wherein an uncorrectable error detecting section for detecting an uncorrectable error during reproduction, an error information recording section for accumulating and storing information from the error detecting section, and a signal from the recording section. Originally DVD-RAM
A DVD recording / reproducing apparatus comprising: a reliability determining unit for determining reliability of a medium; and a display unit for displaying a warning to a user based on information of the determining unit. 17. The DV according to claim 14, wherein the reliability judging unit comprises a display unit for displaying a warning to a user when the number of errors is equal to or more than a certain value.
D recording / playback device.