JPH09234455A - Recycle plant for making waste into solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continuously crush waste, to separate useful materials such as iron and aluminum, to increase the separation accuracy of nonresident light materials rich in combustible organic matter and resilient heavy materials rich in incombustible inorganic matter and to effectively recycle the combustible organic matter as solid fuel. SOLUTION: After waste WO is crushed to about >=15cm square by a crusher 10, magnetic matter is removed by a magnetic separator 7 and aluminum is removed by an aluminum separator 20. Furthermore, by a rotor separator 30, waste W2 after the magnetic matter and aluminum are removed is separated into screened material W3, light material W4 carried to the upper end side, and heavy material W5 falling to the lower end side. The screened material W3 is subjected to pneumatic separation by a first pneumatic separator 50, and the heavy material W5 are pulverized by a pulverizer 40, and the pulverized material W6 undergoes pneumatic separation by stronger wind force in a second pneumatic separator 50'. The light material W4 and the light materials W7, W7' from both the pneumatic separators are be to a solid fuel forming device 70 and are crushed and kneaded by a spiral body, and compressed, pulverized, heated and melted in a compressing part, and then solid fuel is formed by extrusion molding in a perforated plate forming part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building or house collapse site, a building construction site, a civil construction site, a construction site, a waste processing factory, an automobile crushing factory, a used pachinko frame crushing station, etc. Waste systems such as shredder dust mixed with a wide range of substances such as earth and sand, glass scraps, waste plastics, paper scraps, wood scraps, fiber scraps, metals, agricultural products mainly consisting of cereals, households and business establishments, etc. Waste from food, organic waste such as fruits and vegetables, general waste system containing combustibles such as plastics, paper and trees, and crushed materials such as crushed materials of various containers, etc. The present invention relates to a solid fuel recycling plant for waste that sorts metal and non-combustible inorganic substances by size and takes them out, processes combustible organic substances and recycles them as solid fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art If the mixed waste as described above is further modified and sorted into combustible organic matter and non-combustible inorganic matter, it becomes possible to recycle resources such as production of recycled solid fuel and recovery of iron and aluminum. Not only is it useful for incineration and landfill treatment, but it can also be used as a valuable resource. Regenerated solid fuel is widely used as fuel for boilers such as dyeing and bleaching factories and cleaning stations, public baths and health centers, and as fuel for lime and cement factories and steel mills. Up to now, some devices have been developed which try to recycle selected plastics, paper, wood and other combustible materials as solid fuel.

[0003]

However, in recent years, the amount of general waste and industrial waste generated from households and business establishments has increased significantly due to the advancement of living standards and mass production / mass consumption. Increasingly, things are mixed in, and it is no longer possible to throw them into a solid fuel molding machine as they are, or even incinerate or landfill them. In addition, efficient recycling of waste has become an important issue today in order to preserve the environment and maintain a high standard of living. On the other hand, the environment surrounding waste has changed, and in June 1995, the Law Concerning the Separate Collection of Containers and Packaging and Promotion of Recycling (Container and Packaging Recycling Law) was enacted and promulgated. The used waste has also been changed to a managed type and it is no longer possible to easily reclaim it. Separation of small and medium mixed objects to be processed, especially mixed waste, which is generated by crushing and the like due to such changes in living environment has become an important issue. Fortunately, many lightweight materials such as paper, cloth, plastic, and wood are flammable organic materials, and heavy materials such as metal, glass, and stone are mostly noncombustible inorganic materials. Incombustible inorganic substances can be separated. Therefore, it is attracting attention to adopt a weight sorting method in a solid waste recycling plant of waste.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and is a large amount of general waste and business waste in which a large amount of organic combustible materials such as plastic, paper and wood are mixed with leftover food, vegetables, fruits and the like. , Industrial waste, etc. are continuously crushed, and useful materials such as empty cans and rebars such as iron and aluminum can be sorted, and the accuracy of sorting non-repulsive lightweight substances with many combustible organic substances and repulsive heavy substances with many non-combustible inorganic substances can be improved. The object is to provide an efficient waste solid fuel recycling plant that can recycle combustible organic substances as solid fuel.

[0005]

A solid waste fuel recycling plant according to claim 1 of the present invention, which achieves the above object, comprises an organic substance such as leftover food, fruits and vegetables, and a plastic,
Combustible materials such as paper and wood, and waste materials containing incombustible materials such as small stones and metals are supplied from the input means, and a crusher that crushes into approximately 15 cm square or less, and iron that receives the crushed processed materials A magnetic separator for removing magnetic substances such as aluminum and an aluminum separator for removing aluminum, and a rotating rotor in which a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately arranged in the axial direction between the wheels of adjacent rotors in the longitudinal direction of the tilt frame. The sorting block is formed by arranging so as to form sieve meshes, and the rotor is rotated so as to give a conveying force from the lower end side to the upper end side on the sorting block after removing the magnetic substances and aluminum. A rotor separator that drives and sorts the above-mentioned processed material into three kinds of a sieve passing material, a lightweight material conveyed to the upper end side and a falling weight falling to the lower end side, and supply of the sieve passing material from the rotor separator. Receive wind force selection A first wind power sorter, a crusher that feeds and crushes a heavy material that has been sorted from the rotor separator, and a crushed product that has almost the same structure as the wind power sorter, but wind power is sorted by a stronger wind. A wind sorter,
Light weight from the rotor separator and light weight from the both wind sorters are supplied and crushed and kneaded by a spiral body, compressed and crushed by a compression unit to generate heat, and after melting, solid fuel is extruded and formed in a perforated plate molding unit It is characterized by being configured with a fuel molding machine.

[0006] Therefore, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 1 having the above-mentioned constitution, organic matter such as leftover food, fruits, vegetables, etc. in garbage bags, for example, metal materials, plastics, woods, etc. Even if it is mixed with composite products made of etc. and waste such as construction waste materials, they are crushed and separated with a crusher, and at the same time, trash bags are crushed and scattered to be separated into approximately 1
By making the size suitable for 5 cm square or less, the subsequent sorting process by the sorting machine is facilitated, the sorting accuracy is improved, and various recycling suitable for each material is enabled. In other words, a magnetic separator for selecting iron-based metals can be installed to select iron-based metals that have magnetism, to recover iron resources and prevent damage to processing equipment. The aluminum sorting machine can recover the aluminum resources that are consumed in large quantities.

Next, the tilted rotor separator efficiently rotates the plurality of rotors in an upward direction without causing clogging while stirring even if the mixed objects to be processed supplied from the upper side of the intermediate portion are wet or wet. Non-repulsive lightweight materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of combustible organic materials are sorted upward, and repulsive heavy materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of non-combustible inorganic materials are sorted downward, and large diameters are arranged alternately in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors. The powder particles and the mixed small object to be treated can be dropped from the sieve mesh interval formed by the ring body and the small-diameter ring body to be sorted into three types. Therefore, the subsequent secondary sorting operation for the powder particles of the sieve mesh passing material and the mixed small object to be treated and the sorting operation for the repulsive heavy material and the crushing operation are facilitated.

The crusher is supplied with a repulsive heavy material from which inorganic substances such as stones have been removed, and cuts and separates non-ferrous metals other than iron and aluminum, flammable lightweight materials attached to squares, glass and the like. The first and second wind power sorters respectively receive the sieve mesh passing matter from the rotor separator and the crushed matter supplied from the crusher and sort into the light weight matter and the heavy weight matter according to the strength of the air flow. Incidentally, the airflow of the second wind power sorting device is set to be stronger than the strength of the airflow of the first wind power sorting device. A solid fuel molding machine receives a supply of lightweight materials such as paper, plastic sheets, plates, PET bottle pieces, and wood pieces that are overwhelmingly large in quantity from rotor separators and first and second wind power sorters, and spiral bodies, etc. Crushing and kneading with, mixing well, compressing in the pressing section to raise the temperature and drying even if it contains a little water, and compressing and eluting plastic or wood lignin to make it a binder, suitable as a good quality solid fuel in the molding section It can be recycled in any shape.

In a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a second aspect of the present invention, the crusher is elastically energized so that the rotary rotor provided with a rag-shaped crushing blade on the periphery and the rag-shaped crushing blade can be brought close to each other. A primary crusher for a bag crusher consisting of an inclined side plate that presses a bag containing dust against a rag-shaped crushing blade,
It consists of a screw crusher, a cutter type, and a shear type secondary crusher. Therefore, in the primary crusher, the bag is efficiently cut open with a rag-shaped crushing bag blade to disperse raw garbage and send it to the subsequent sorter together with other leftover food,
In the secondary crusher, it is possible to crush and shred composite products made of various materials such as sofas and mixed waste, and to make it possible to perform subsequent sorting work with high accuracy.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 3, the crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a plurality of vertical fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction in the bottom and form a lattice. It is composed of a cutter-type or shear-type crusher which is composed of a screen. Therefore, it is possible to shred a composite product made of various materials such as a sofa or a mixed waste until it passes through the screen, and the subsequent sorting work can be performed accurately. In particular, it is possible to accurately separate combustible substances and incombustible substances.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 4, the rotor separator is provided with a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material, and is cut open. It is possible to improve the sorting accuracy by dissipating the raw garbage that has solidified in the bag that has been collected and scattering it on the sorting block.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the fifth aspect, the rotor separator has an open bottom, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided at the upper surface of the middle portion, and a non-repulsive lightweight material is taken out at the upper end. It is covered with a housing that has an opening and an opening for picking up a repulsive heavy object at the lower end,
Further, air ejection means for supplying an ascending air flow is provided on the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the repulsive heavy object extraction opening of the casing. Therefore, it is possible to effectively perform dustproofing and soundproofing while smoothly supplying small and medium objects to be treated, taking out non-repulsive lightweight items, taking out repulsive heavy items and dropping powder particles and small mixtures. The rising airflow that erupts from the lower end of the housing promotes the release of the mixed processed material and the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 6, the wind power sorter receives the object to be processed by a conveying means such as a conveyor and supplies it to a hopper, and the small object is vertically fed from the hopper. Alternatively, it is supplied to the intermediate portion of the inclined vertical separation pipe by a constant amount supply means, and is sucked by a suction blower rotatably driven by a variable speed electric motor inside the vertical cyclone housing communicating with the upper end of the vertical separation pipe at the upper end. A negative pressure is generated, and an opening provided at the lower end of the vertical separation pipe is used as an air suction port of the suction blower to generate an upward air flow in the vertical separation pipe, which causes a small heavy object to drop by its own weight. A lightweight object is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing by the air flow, and the lower end opening is used as an outlet for a small heavy object, and is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing, and the lower end opening is taken out of a small heavy object. And mouth, also has a rotary valve provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing and outlet of the size and weight thereof.

Therefore, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the powder particles obtained by mixing the heavy and light substances from the rotor separator or the crusher, and the small objects to be processed are conveyed by a conveyer such as a conveyor. It is supplied to the hopper by means of a constant quantity supply means, and from there is continuously supplied to the intermediate portion of the vertical separation tube which is vertically or inclined. In the small mixed object to be processed, a small heavy object falls according to the strength of the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end at the rising part of the vertical separation tube, and a small light object is caused by the air flow. It is transported into the cyclone case. Here, the objects to be treated are sorted into lightweight items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and heavy items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic substances, and the small lightweight items are the small weight items from the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone casing. Items are collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. The rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing enables the removal of lightweight items without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. In this way, it is possible to sort the medium-sized mixture, the powder particles, and the small-sized mixture into the light-weight material and the heavy-weight material, and it is possible to enhance the sorting accuracy. In addition, by changing the rotation speed of the suction blower with a variable speed electric motor, the upward air velocity in the vertical separation pipe of the second wind sorting device is made faster and stronger than that of the first wind sorting device. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 7, the wind separator is provided with a stirrer in the hopper, and a zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation pipe. Alternatively, it contains a spiral body and has a movable plate for adjusting the air flow rate at the lowermost end. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the processed material from being a granular material and causing a bridge phenomenon in the hopper to stop the supply to the quantitative supply means. be able to. Also,
A zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation tube or a spiral is housed therein, and while the workpiece is moving along a relatively long sliding drop path in the zigzag bent portion or spiral. In addition, the separation of small and lightweight objects and small and heavy objects is promoted. Furthermore, it has a movable plate for adjusting the air volume at the lowermost end, which changes the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube to change the upward air flow velocity in the vertical separation tube, thus making it possible to reduce the size and weight. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 8, the suction blower has a back filter at its exhaust port, and even if asbestos or dry sludge is mixed in the object to be treated. After separating small and lightweight items in the vertical cyclone case, it can be captured by the back filter to prevent air pollution.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIG. 1 is a processing flow chart of a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a representative embodiment of the present invention, which focuses on the molding of regenerated solid fuel, and FIG.
Is a plan view of the screw crusher as the crusher,
3 is a vertical sectional view of the bag crusher as the crusher, FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the bag crusher, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a cutter type crusher as the crusher, and FIG. 6 is the crusher. Sectional view of a screw crusher as a machine, FIG. 7 is a side view of the aluminum sorter, FIG. 8 is a front view of the rotor separator and the first wind sorter, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the first wind sorter. 10 is a plan view of an essential part of the selection block of the rotor separator, FIG. 11 is a side view of the rotor of the rotor separator, and FIG.
Is a sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine, FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine, and FIG. 14 is a drying diagram of the solid fuel.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the waste solid fuel recycling plant 1, an operator does not have explosive non-explosive substances such as a cylinder in which gas remains, large stones, leftovers from which steel or the like has been removed, fruits, Organic substances such as vegetables, plastic, paper,
Waste W0 including wood is input means 3 such as a shovel loader.
The crusher 10 is crushed to a size of about 15 cm square or less by a crusher 10 which is supplied in a fixed amount from a constant amount supply means 5 such as a screw feeder. The magnetic material FE such as iron and the aluminum AL are removed from the crushed processed product W1 by the magnetic separator 7 and the aluminum separator 20, respectively. The processed material W2 from which the magnetic material FE and the aluminum AL have been removed is supplied to the rotor separator 30 by the belt conveyor 8.

The rotor separator 30 is the above-mentioned processed product W.
2 is sorted into three types: a sieve mesh passing product W3, a lightweight product W4 conveyed to the upper end side, and a heavy weight product W5 falling to the lower end side. Next, the sieve mesh passing material W3 from the rotor separator 30 is
When it is wet or wet, it is dried by the dryer D, and then the first wind power sorter 50 performs wind power sorting on the lightweight material W7 and the heavy material 8. On the other hand, the heavy object W5 selected from the rotor separator 30 is crushed by the crusher 40, and the crushed object W6 is stronger and lighter by the second wind power sorter 50 'having substantially the same structure as the first wind power sorter 50. The items W7 'and heavy items 8'are sorted by wind force. Rotor separator 30
The lightweight object W4 from the above and the lightweight objects W7 and W7 ′ from the both wind power sorters 50 and 50 ′ are supplied to the solid fuel molding machine 70 through the constant amount supply means 61 and are extruded and formed as the solid fuel F.

The crusher 10 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
Working chamber 12 inside casing 12 below hopper 11
The motor 14A and the speed reducer 1 are bitten into A from top to bottom.
Two crushing screws 13 driven by 4B at a constant speed
A and 13B are horizontally supported, and large wastes such as containers and various containers are roughly crushed and discharged from below through a coarse screen S. By this crushing, metal, plastic, wood, etc. are separated from the composite material product to facilitate the sorting by the magnetic force sorter 7. Protrusion blades of various shapes that promote biting into the crushed object can be appropriately provided on the outer peripheral edges of the crushing screws 13A and 13B.

When the waste W0 is wrapped in a bag, a container or the like, the bag breaking machine 10 'has an inclined side plate forming a processing space 16 which is narrowed downward as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Arrow R1 in casing 12 with attached hopper 11
A rotor 15 driven to rotate and a plurality of sets of puppet-shaped crushing blades 15A arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotor 15 are used, and the screw type is used as a secondary crusher before that as a primary crusher. Can be installed. The rotor 15 is supported by a bearing B on the central portion of the upper partition plate 17A which is traversed between the puppet-shaped bag breaking blades 15A. Below the upper partition plate 17A, there is provided a lower partition plate 17B having a rough screen S formed by fixing a plurality of fixed blade longitudinal members 18 on an arc surface. In addition, a conventional hammer crusher or rotary press crusher as a crusher is appropriately selected and used according to a large amount of contaminants in the waste. There are two screw crushers and one screw crusher.The screw crusher has a rotating taper crushing screw part or a straight crushing screw part and a plurality of longitudinal fixed blades on the inner surface of the casing, or a ring-shaped fixed blade between the tapered part and the straight part. It can be crushed in between, and crushed to a size where crushing can be omitted.

The crushed processed material W1 is made of a magnetic material FE such as iron by a magnetic separator 7 composed of a disk-shaped or comb-shaped electric magnet suspended by a crane while moving on a belt conveyor.
Is taken out. As shown in FIG. 7, the aluminum sorter 20 is a permanent magnet type drum rotary type aluminum separator, in which the charged aluminum is a good conductor and causes an electromagnetic induction phenomenon due to a magnetic line of force to generate an eddy current, thereby generating a permanent magnet. The high-speed rotating drum 22 provided with 21 receives a strong AC magnetic field and repels the eddy current generated inside the aluminum to be ejected. That is, the waste containing aluminum or plastic is supplied onto the circular loop belt 23 having a short stopper, and is ejected by the permanent magnet type drum 22 of one belt rotor which is rotationally driven by the geared motor 24, and the end discharge is performed. From the outlet 25, it is sent to an aluminum rolling mill or the like, and the remaining processed material W2 is sent from the inner discharge port 26 to the rotor separator 30 via the screw type constant quantity feeder and the conveyor 8.

The rotor separator 30 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rotating rotors 31 in which large-diameter wheel bodies 31A and small-diameter wheel bodies 31B are alternately arranged in the axial direction are used for sieving large-diameter wheel bodies 31A and small-diameter wheel bodies 31B of adjacent rotors. The rotors 31 are arranged on the inclined frame 30A with a gap G, and each rotor 31 is rotationally driven by the rotary drive device 32 so as to feed the workpiece W2 supplied from above the intermediate portion upward. The lightweight object W4 is conveyed upward, the repulsive heavy object W5 is caused to fall downward, and the small mixed object W3 is transferred to the rotor 7.
The large-diameter ring body 31A and the small-diameter ring body 31B are dropped from the sieve mesh G to be sorted. The rotor separator 30 is
The bottom is opened, and the supply opening 33 for the small and medium-sized objects is provided on the upper surface of the intermediate portion.
A is covered with a housing 33 having a non-repulsive lightweight material take-out opening 33B at the upper end and a repulsive heavy-weight take-out opening 33C at the lower end, respectively, to prevent dust and sound. In addition, an upward air flow A1 above the rotor upper surface in the vicinity of the ejection opening 33C of the repulsive medium-sized heavy object of the casing 33.
Air jetting means 33D for supplying the air is provided, and by the rising airflow A1 which is jetted from the lower end portion of the housing 33,
It promotes the release of the small processed material W3 during mixing, and promotes the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material W4.

The rotor 31 has, for example, a hexagonal shaft 30C having a gear 32A forming a rotary drive device 32 fixed to one end thereof, as shown in FIG.
1A and a small-diameter wheel body 31 of a spacing piece as shown in FIG.
B and B are alternately fitted and arranged in the axial direction. This large-diameter ring body 31A is provided with a thin web 31c in a serrated shape between a plurality of receding fingers 31b having protrusions 31a formed on the side surfaces thereof to prevent tapes or cords from being wound around and to generate an air flow for floating and carrying. I am doing it. The large-diameter wheel body 31A and the small-diameter wheel body 31B are integrally formed. Rotary drive 32
Includes an idle gear 32B interposed between the rotor-equipped gears 32A, and the motor 32M includes a large-diameter wheel body 32A-equipped gear 32A.
Is rotationally driven so as to apply the above feed. The rotary drive device 32 may be of a chain type instead of the gear type. Further, the shape of the large-diameter ring body 31A can take various shapes other than the above. The tilt angle of the rotor separator 30 is adjusted by the expansion / contraction means 35B together with the frame 30A.

The conveyor 9 is provided below the rotor separator 30 in the longitudinal direction, and supplies the small processed material W3 during the mixing of the sieve passing material to the wind power sorting apparatus 50. Heavy objects W5 such as stones, block pieces, and concrete pieces are transported by dump trucks and landfilled, and lightweight objects W4 with many combustible materials such as plastic, paper, and wood are sent to the solid fuel forming machine 70 as raw materials for solid fuel. To be When the sieve mesh passing material W3 contains a large amount of organic matter having high water content such as leftover food and crushed fruits and vegetables, it is appropriately dehydrated and dried in the dryer D before being supplied to the wind power sorting device 50. The dryer D can be preheated, for example, by a chemical reaction between quick lime and water, and can appropriately increase the ash content to increase the calorific value of solid fuel containing plastic that is too high to dislike.
So that it can be suppressed appropriately. Further, it is possible to prevent chlorine gas from being generated at high temperature by absorbing chlorine contained in vinyl chloride or the like with quicklime. Rotor 3
By forming a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor and inverts the processed material W2 at the intermediate portion of the selection block SB formed by 1, ..., To promote the unraveling and to effectively remove the contents from the bag or container. It is configured to output to.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the wind power sorter 50 includes a hopper 51 to which the mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 are supplied from above by the conveyor 9, and the mixed powder particles and the small powder particles from the hopper 51. A substantially horizontal supply means 53 for quantitatively supplying the workpiece W3 to the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical vertical separation pipe 52;
The vertical separation pipe 52 is connected to the upper end of the vertical separation pipe 52 and includes a vertical cyclone housing 54 having a suction blower 55 that generates a negative pressure inside. An opening 52B is provided to generate an ascending airflow A2 in the vertical separation tube 52 as an air suction port of the suction blower 55 to drop the small heavy object W8 by its own weight and the small lightweight object W.
7 is conveyed and separated into the cyclone casing 54 by the air flow A2, and the lower end opening 52B is used as a take-out port for the heavy load W8.
A rotary valve 56 for taking out the lightweight object W7 is provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing 54. The vertical separation tube 52 can be installed not only vertically but also in an inclined state.

The hopper 51 has a substantially inverted truncated pyramid shape on the frame 50A, and communicates with one end of a vibrating feeder 53 which is a horizontal rectangular parallelepiped constant quantity supplying means at a lower end opening of a rectangular shape. Further, the vertical wall is provided with a screw-type stirrer 57 in the vertical direction, and the mixed powder particles and the powder particles in the small workpiece W3 cause a bridge phenomenon in the hopper 51 and are supplied to the vibro feeder 53. It prevents it from stopping. The vibro feeder 53 is horizontally installed on the frame 50A and uses an exciter 53A capable of easily adjusting the carry amount in a wide range by controlling an inverter, and continuously mixes mixed powder particles and a small workpiece W3. To the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52. Also, the intermediate portion 52A
A gate 58 for shutting off is provided at a connecting portion to the. As the supply means 53, a Eurus feeder may be used instead.

The vertical separation tube 52 is a vibro feeder 53.
The intermediate section 52A connected to the above has a rectangular cross section, and a relatively long sliding drop path is formed downward as a zigzag bent section 52D.
3 is well unraveled while moving along the sliding / falling path, and the separation of the small heavy object W8 and the small lightweight object W7 is promoted. It is also possible to form a relatively long sliding drop path having the above-mentioned function by accommodating the spiral body while leaving the lower end portion of the vertical separation tube 52 as a circular cross section. Further, at the lower end portion of the vertical separation pipe 52, a screw rod is turned by a handle or the like so that an air volume adjusting movable plate having a nut screwed to the screw rod is moved in parallel to change the passage volume. It is possible to change the selection branch point of the heavy object W8 and the light object W7 by changing the flow velocity.

The vertical cyclone casing 54 has a cylindrical portion 54A having a suction blower 55 on the top end surface and an inverted conical portion 54 having a rotary valve 56 for taking out the small lightweight object W7 at the lower end portion.
B, and is fixed to the frame 50A by a mounting ring 50B. The vertical separation tube 52 is tangentially connected to the upper end of the vertical cyclone housing 54 so that the small lightweight object W7 that has been separated and conveyed falls in a spiral shape inside the housing 54. Suction blower 5
As 5, there is used a roots blower or the like that is driven to rotate by a variable speed electric motor 55A controlled by an inverter and has a large air volume, and a back filter (not shown) is provided at its exhaust port 55B to collect suspended matter. ing.
The suction blower 55 generates a constant light-weight separation negative pressure in the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52, and this constant separation negative pressure is maintained by the constant supply by the vibro feeder 53.

Thus, the mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 are
The small lightweight object W7 is vertically shaped by the rising airflow A2 that is supplied to the intermediate portion 52A of the vertical separation tube 52 in a fixed amount by the vibro feeder 53 and is sucked from the opening 51B at the lower end of the vertical separation tube 52 by the suction blower 55. The small heavy object W8 is conveyed to the inside of the cyclone casing 54, and falls due to its own weight against the rising airflow A2. Here, the mixed powder particles and the small object to be processed W3 are sorted into a lightweight product W5 having an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and a heavy material W8 having an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic materials. It is taken out from the lower end opening 52B of the vertical separation pipe 52. Needless to say, the branch point between the heavy object W8 and the light object W7 can be changed by changing the air flow rate by changing the rotation speed of the variable speed electric motor 55A, adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting movable plate, or the like. . There are vibro-feeder 53 and suction blower 55 as moving parts, but the number is small, and the structure is simple because of monotonous vibration and rotary motion.
Less failure. The mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 falling from the rotor separator 30 are further sorted into the heavy article W8 and the light article W7, and the sorting accuracy can be improved.

The heavy object W5 selected from the rotor separator 30 is crushed by the crusher 40. Crusher 4
As 0, there is a biaxial shearing type as shown in FIG. 5, which is a rotary crushing blade 42A that bites a pair of left and right upper and lower coarsely crushed heavy objects W5 of a certain size in the casing 41. With the protruding blade 43A of the mating shaft and the vertical fixed blade 43B that forms the screen 44, and the screen 44 cuts into a desired size, for example, the wind power selection device 5
Fragments of about 3 cm square or less suitable for 0'are obtained. Crusher 4
As 0, a uniaxial cutter type as shown in FIG. 4 may be used in addition to the biaxial shearing type of this illustrated example. A plurality of rotary crushing blades and a plurality of fixed blades are alternately arranged in the working chamber inside the casing below the hopper, and the coarsely crushed material is shredded between them. A screen composed of a plurality of vertical fixed blade members which are separated in the widthwise direction of the transverse support plate and which form a finer lattice than that of FIG. 4 is attached to the bottom, and the screen obtains fragments of a desired size. . The rotary crushing blade is mounted on a rotating shaft supported by a bearing at the center of the fixed blade, with the phase sequentially shifted in the rotation direction. A short fixed blade is also provided on the edge side of the rotary crushing blade.

In addition, as the crusher 40, there is a biaxial type or uniaxial type rotary press crusher as shown in FIG. 6, and a rotary taper crushing screw part 45A or a straight crushing screw part 45B and a plurality of inner surfaces of the casing are provided. Grinding can be performed between the longitudinal fixed blade 46 and the ring-shaped fixed blade 47 between the tapered portion and the straight portion.

The crushed product W6 from the crusher 40 is a wind classifier 50 'which has the same structure as the above-mentioned wind classifier 50 and uses a stronger classified air flow, and is a lightweight object W7' and a heavy object W8 '.
To be selected. Heavy items W8 'are landfilled and light items W
7'is shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 1 together with the other lightweight objects W4 and W7.
3 is supplied to the solid fuel forming machine 70 of the final device, crushed and kneaded by the spiral body 72, compressed and crushed by the squeezing section 73 to generate heat, and after melting, the solid fuel F is melted by the perforated plate molding section 75.
Is formed by extrusion. More specifically,
The solid fuel forming machine 70 crushes, kneads, compresses, while transporting the lightweight materials W4, W7, W7 ′ containing the plastic, which have been charged from the input port 71A at one end, to the extraction port 71B at the other end while being conveyed. A pair of rotary shafts 70S, 70S that are crushed and raise the temperature by friction or heat generated by compression to melt the plastic and that are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the elongated casing 71 and are driven to rotate in opposite directions.
Spirals 72A, 72B and compression bodies 73A, 73B attached to each of them, a wear-resistant lining body 71C detachably attached to the inside of the casing 71 with a predetermined gap therebetween, and an outlet 71B and a perforated plate 75 with a nozzle for solidification. The squeezed body constitutes a mortar-shaped squeezed part 73 that particularly promotes pulverization and dissolution.

In the solid fuel molding machine 70, a solid fuel suitable as a boiler fuel is extruded and molded into a rod shape from the perforated plate 75 with a nozzle for solidification. This solid fuel F
Has stable calories and does not generate odor or mold, and is effectively used hygienically as fuel for boilers. As is clear from the drying diagram of FIG. 14, the temperature rise and the drying of the processed material are as follows.
With the passage of time, the water content becomes almost 20% at 60 degrees Celsius, and then the temperature rises relatively quickly to 80 degrees Celsius, but the water content slowly drops to 10%. In the solid fuel molding machine 70, when the calorific value is large and chlorine gas is likely to be generated, a water supply line can be provided to appropriately supply water and suppress the temperature rise.

[0035]

As is clear from the above description, in the solid fuel recycling plant for waste according to claim 1 of the present invention, leftover rice in a garbage bag, organic matter such as fruits, vegetables, etc. Even if it is mixed with composite materials made of metal materials, plastics, wood, etc., and construction waste materials, etc., they are crushed by a crusher to separate them, and at the same time, they are crushed by trash bags etc. The following appropriate size to facilitate the sorting process in the subsequent sorter and enhance the sorting accuracy,
Enables various recycling suitable for each material. That is, it is possible to select a ferrous metal having magnetism by interposing a magnet sorter that sorts ferrous metal, recover iron resources and prevent wear of processing equipment. The aluminum sorting machine can recover the aluminum resources that consume a large amount of water.

Next, the inclined rotor separator efficiently rotates the plurality of rotors upward without causing clogging while stirring even if the mixed objects to be fed supplied from the upper side of the intermediate portion are wet or wet. Non-repulsive lightweight materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of combustible organic materials are sorted upward, and repulsive heavy materials with overwhelmingly large amounts of non-combustible inorganic materials are sorted downward, and large diameters are arranged alternately in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors. The powder particles and the mixed small object to be treated can be dropped from the sieve mesh interval formed by the ring body and the small-diameter ring body to be sorted into three types. Therefore, the subsequent secondary sorting operation for the powder particles of the sieve mesh passing material and the mixed small object to be treated and the sorting operation for the repulsive heavy material and the crushing operation are facilitated.

The crusher is supplied with a repulsive heavy substance from which inorganic substances such as stones have been removed, and cuts and separates non-ferrous metals other than iron and aluminum, flammable lightweight substances attached to squares, glass and the like. The first and second wind power sorters respectively receive the sieve mesh passing matter from the rotor separator and the crushed matter supplied from the crusher and sort into the light weight matter and the heavy weight matter according to the strength of the air flow. Incidentally, the airflow of the second wind power sorting device is set to be stronger than the strength of the airflow of the first wind power sorting device. A solid fuel molding machine receives a supply of lightweight materials such as paper, plastic sheets, plates, PET bottle pieces, and wood pieces that are overwhelmingly large in quantity from rotor separators and first and second wind power sorters, and spiral bodies, etc. Crushing and kneading with, mixing well, compressing in the pressing section to raise the temperature and drying even if it contains a little water, and compressing and eluting plastic or wood lignin to make it a binder, suitable as a good quality solid fuel in the molding section It can be recycled in any shape.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the second aspect, the crusher is elastically biased so that the rotating rotor equipped with the rag-shaped crushing blade and the rag-shaped crushing blade can be brought close to each other. It consists of a primary crusher of a bag crusher consisting of an inclined side plate that presses the bag containing the bag against a rag-shaped crusher blade, and a screw crusher, a cutter type, and a shear type secondary crusher. Efficiently cut the bag with a rag-shaped crushing bag blade to disperse the raw garbage and send it to the subsequent sorting machine together with other leftover food etc., and also in the secondary crushing machine, it can be a composite product made of various materials such as a sofa or mixed waste It can be crushed and shredded so that subsequent sorting work can be performed accurately.

In a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a third aspect of the present invention, the crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a plurality of vertically fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction in the bottom and form a lattice. It consists of a cutter type or shear type crusher consisting of a screen, and it can shred even composite products made of various materials such as sofas and mixed waste until it passes through the screen. Work can be done accurately. In particular, it is possible to accurately separate combustible substances and incombustible substances.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 4, the rotor separator is provided with a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material, and is cut open. It is possible to improve the sorting accuracy by well dissipating the raw garbage that has solidified in the bag and scattering it on the sorting block.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the fifth aspect, the rotor separator has an open bottom, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided on an upper surface of an intermediate portion, and a non-repulsive lightweight material is taken out at an upper end portion. It is covered with a housing that has an opening and an opening for picking up a repulsive heavy object at the lower end,
Further, air ejection means for supplying an ascending air flow is provided on the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the repulsive heavy object extraction opening of the casing. Therefore, it is possible to effectively perform dustproofing and soundproofing while smoothly supplying small and medium objects to be treated, taking out non-repulsive lightweight items, taking out repulsive heavy items and dropping powder particles and small mixtures. The rising airflow that erupts from the lower end of the housing promotes the release of the mixed processed material and the upward transportation of the non-repulsive lightweight material.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, powder particles and small objects to be treated, which are a mixture of heavy and light substances, and small objects to be processed from the rotor separator or the crusher are conveyed to a hopper by a conveying means such as a conveyor. And from there it is metered by a metering means into the middle of a vertical or inclined vertical separation tube. In the small mixed object to be processed, a small heavy object falls according to the strength of the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end at the rising part of the vertical separation tube, and a small light object is caused by the air flow. It is transported into the cyclone case. Here, the objects to be treated are sorted into lightweight items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of combustible organic substances and heavy items that have an overwhelmingly large amount of non-combustible inorganic substances, and the small lightweight items are the small weight items from the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone casing. Items are collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. The rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing enables the removal of lightweight items without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. In this way, it is possible to sort the medium-sized mixture, the powder particles, and the small-sized mixture into the light-weight material and the heavy-weight material, and it is possible to enhance the sorting accuracy. In addition, by changing the rotation speed of the suction blower with a variable speed electric motor, the upward air velocity in the vertical separation pipe of the second wind sorting device is made faster and stronger than that of the first wind sorting device. You can change the branching point for selecting items.

In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 7, the wind power sorter is provided with an agitator in the hopper, and the object to be treated is a powdery substance and causes a bridge phenomenon in the hopper. It is possible to prevent the supply to the fixed amount supply means from stopping. Further, a zigzag bent portion is provided at the lower end of the vertical separation tube or a spiral body is accommodated, and the object to be processed moves along a relatively long sliding fall path in the zigzag bent portion or spiral body. During this period, the separation of the small lightweight object and the small heavy object is promoted. Furthermore, it has a movable plate for adjusting the air volume at the lowermost end, which changes the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube to change the upward air flow velocity in the vertical separation tube, thus making it possible to reduce the size and weight. You can change the branching point for selecting items. In the waste solid fuel recycling plant according to claim 8, the suction blower has a back filter at an exhaust port thereof, and is small and lightweight even if asbestos or dry sludge is mixed in the object to be treated. After separating the objects in the vertical cyclone case, they can be captured by the back filter to prevent air pollution.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a processing flow chart of a waste solid fuel recycling plant according to a representative embodiment of the present invention, which mainly focuses on molding of recycled solid fuel.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a screw crusher as the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a bag crusher as the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the bag breaking machine.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a cutter type crusher as the crusher.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a screw crusher as the crusher.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the aluminum sorter.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the rotor separator and the first wind power sorter.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the first wind power sorter.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of an essential part of a selection block of the rotor separator.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a rotor of the rotor separator.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine.

FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the solid fuel molding machine.

FIG. 14 is a drying diagram of solid fuel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Waste solid fuel recycling plant 3 Input means 7 Magnetic separator 10 Crusher 20 Aluminum separator 30 Rotor separator 30A Inclined frame 33 Enclosure 33A Treated material supply opening 33B Non-repulsive lightweight material extraction opening 33C Repulsive property Extraction opening of heavy goods 33D Air ejection means 40 Crusher 50, 50 'First wind power sorter 51 Hopper 52 Vertical separation pipe 52A Middle part 52B Lower end opening 52D Bent part 53 Quantitative supply means (vibro feeder) 54 Vertical cyclone housing Body 55 Suction blower 55B Exhaust port 56 Extraction of small and lightweight rotary valve 57 Stirrer 70 Solid fuel molding machine 72 Spiral body 73 Squeezing part 75 Perforated plate molding part A1 Air flow A2 Ascending air flow F Solid fuel G Sieve (spacing) SB Sorting block W0 Mixed waste W1 Crushed product W Treated W3 sieve flowthrough W4 lighter product W5 heavy W6 pulverized W7, W7 'size and weight thereof W8, W8' small heavy

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C10L 5/46 ZAB B09B 5/00 L

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. Wastes containing organic matters such as leftover food, fruits and vegetables, combustible materials such as plastic, paper and wood, and incombustible materials such as small stones and metals are supplied from an input means and crushed into about 15 cm square or less. Crusher, a magnetic separator that removes magnetic substances such as iron by receiving the crushed processed material, and an aluminum sorter that removes aluminum, and multiple large and small wheels are arranged alternately in the axial direction. The rotating rotors are arranged in the longitudinal direction of a plurality of inclined frames so as to form sieve meshes between the rotors of the adjacent rotors to form a sorting block, and the processed material after removing magnetic substances and aluminum is placed on the sorting block. The rotor is driven to rotate so as to apply a conveying force from the lower end side to the upper end side, and the processed product is sorted into three types of a sieve passing product, a lightweight product conveyed to the upper end side, and a heavy weight falling to the lower end side. The rotor separator and The first wind sorter that receives the supply of the sieve mesh passing material from the data separator and sorts the wind, and the crusher that receives the supply of the heavy material selected from the rotor separator and crushes the crushed product and the wind separator A second wind power sorter with the same structure but for wind power selection with stronger wind power, and a lightweight material from the rotor separator and a lightweight material supplied from both wind power separators, crushed and kneaded with a spiral and compressed in the compression section A solid fuel forming and recycling plant for waste, comprising a solid fuel forming machine for crushing and generating heat to melt and then extruding and forming solid fuel in a perforated plate forming unit. 2. The crusher comprises a rotating rotor equipped with a rag-shaped crushing blade around the crusher and a bag containing raw garbage which is elastically biased so as to be close to the knurled-shaped crushing blade and pressed against the rag-shaped crushing blade. 2. The recycling plant according to claim 1, comprising a primary crusher of a bag crusher composed of an inclined side plate, and a screw crusher, cutter type, or shear type secondary crusher. 3. The crusher comprises a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a screen which is composed of a plurality of vertically fixed blade members which are separated from each other in the width direction and which form a grid pattern on the bottom. The recycling plant according to claim 1, which is composed of the crusher of claim 1. 4. The recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein the rotor separator includes a push-up portion that pushes up the rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to turn over the processed material. 5. The rotor separator has a bottom open, a supply opening for small and medium objects to be processed is provided on an upper surface of an intermediate portion, a non-repulsive lightweight take-out opening is provided at an upper end, and a repulsive heavy article is taken out at a lower end. Covered by a housing with openings,
2. The recycling plant according to claim 1, further comprising air jetting means for supplying an ascending air stream onto the upper surface of the rotor in the vicinity of the opening for picking up the repulsive heavy object of the housing. 6. The wind power sorter receives an object to be processed by a conveying means such as a conveyor and supplies the same to a hopper, and the small object is quantitatively supplied from the hopper to an intermediate portion of a vertical or inclined vertical separation pipe. Means, and a negative pressure is generated by a suction blower rotatably driven by a variable-speed electric motor inside a vertical cyclone housing which communicates with the upper end of the vertical separation pipe at its upper end, and the lower end of the vertical separation pipe is The opening provided in the section is used as the air suction port of the suction blower to generate a rising air flow in the vertical separation tube, and the small lightweight object is dropped by its own weight while the small lightweight object is transported and separated into the cyclone housing by the air flow. The lower end opening serves as an outlet for small heavy goods, and the lower end opening serves as an outlet for small heavy goods, and the rotary provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing. The recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein the valve serves as an outlet for the small and lightweight material. 7. The wind power sorter includes a stirrer in the hopper, a zigzag bent portion is provided at a lower end portion of the vertical separation tube, or a spiral is housed, and an air flow rate is provided at a lowermost end portion. The recycling plant according to claim 6, which has an adjustable movable plate. 8. The recycling plant according to claim 6, wherein the suction blower has a back filter at its exhaust port.