JP2965486B2 - Waste recycling plant - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mixes a wide range of materials, from general wastes from homes and offices to industrial wastes, and treats wastes containing organic matter such as leftovers, fruits and vegetables. The present invention relates to a waste recycling plant that processes waste containing at least fertilizer and combustible materials such as plastics and wood and recycles it as at least solid fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, business-related garbage from printing plants, plastic processing plants, paper mills, supermarkets, theme parks, department stores, etc. is relatively easy to recycle, but general waste and industrial waste from homes and business establishments is relatively easy to recycle. General waste in waste is often mixed with a wide range of materials, from watery to dry, non-combustible heavy to flammable lightweight, and is difficult to sort. Often incinerated in landfills and landfilled. However, from the viewpoints of environmental protection and effective use of resources, waste containing combustible materials such as plastic and wood is reviewed and used as solid regenerated fuel. Some attempts have been made to recover useful metals and the like.

[0003]

However, in recent years, the amount of general waste and industrial waste from homes and business establishments has increased significantly due to the sophistication of living standards, mass production and mass consumption, and a wide range of It is becoming increasingly inconsistent to incinerate or landfill, and it is no longer possible to put it into fermenters or solid fuel molding machines. In particular, if inorganic substances such as empty cans of metal products, glass, stone, earth and sand, etc. are excluded or moisture is excluded, combustible materials such as wood and plastics in wastes are used as good solid fuels, and Organic materials can be recycled as good fertilizer, and useful metals can also be recovered.Use of appropriate treatment according to the amount of organic matter, combustible matter, and moisture can reduce waste and enable effective recycling of waste. In fact, the recycling of this waste has become an important issue today in protecting the environment and maintaining a high standard of living.

[0004] The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and contains a large amount of spoilage and fermentable waste such as leftovers, vegetables and fruits, and a large amount of waste containing combustibles such as plastic and wood. Continuously crushing materials, excluding metal products such as empty cans and reinforcing bars, incombustible materials such as stones and concrete, and inorganic materials, can be recycled from spoilage fermentable waste as fertilizers and feeds, and combustible materials such as plastic and wood. It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient waste recycling plant that can recycle waste as a solid fuel, and can also select and produce other useful materials.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste recycling plant according to the present invention, which comprises a crusher such as a screw crusher for crushing waste including organic matter such as leftovers, fruits and vegetables and plastics. Machine and a supply of crushed processed material, a plurality of rotating rotors in which a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately arranged in the axial direction, and a conveying force is applied from one end side to the other end side in the arrangement direction above. And a sorting machine that sorts the processed material into at least two types of a processed material and a conveyed material on a sorting block in which sieves are formed between the rings of adjacent rotors, and an organic material sorted from the sorting machine. A fermentation device that receives the supply of the sieve mesh and ferments it.
And a solid fuel molding machine that receives the supply of the conveyed material containing combustibles selected from the above-described sorting machine, crushes and kneads the mixture, compresses and pulverizes in the compression unit, and forms a solid fuel in the molding unit. I have.

Accordingly, even if spoilage and fermentable substances such as organic matter such as garbage, fruits, vegetables and the like put in a garbage bag and the like are mixed with waste of a composite product made of, for example, metal material, plastic or wood, They are crushed and separated by a crusher, and at the same time, garbage bags and the like are broken and scattered to separate them into objects of appropriate size, which facilitates the sorting process in the sorter, increases the sorting accuracy, and is suitable for each material. Recycling is possible. The sorting machine is
The rotating rotor always cleans the sieves, does not cause clogging of wet or damp materials, and quietly passes a large amount of crushed material continuously without vibration in a relatively small installation place. Sorting into at least two types of objects and goods. That is, small objects such as earth and sand, leftovers and crushed fruits are dropped from the sorting block, and light objects such as paper, sheets, plates, and PET bottles that do not pass through a sieve and heavy objects such as stones, cans, and metal fragments are used. It can be sorted into two types for the conveyed material, facilitating subsequent secondary sorting work.

[0007] The material passed through the sieve is sent to a fermentation apparatus, where it is fermented and used as fertilizer or feed. Lightweight materials such as paper, sheets, plates, PET bottles, etc. that do not pass through the sieve are separately recycled as solid fuel in an appropriate form, and useful metals are sorted out from heavy materials such as stones, cans, and metal pieces. Various suitable recycling takes place. In solid fuel molding machines,
Supplied with combustibles after removing incombustibles such as earth and sand, metals, crushed and kneaded with a spiral etc., mixed well, compressed by a squeezing unit and heated to dry even if it contains some water, and The lignin of the tree is compressed and eluted into a binder, which can be recycled as a high-quality solid fuel in a suitable form at the molding section.

[0008] In the waste recycling plant according to the second aspect, the crusher is elastically biased so as to be able to approach the rotating rotor having the open-ended bag-breaking blade and the open-ended bag-breaking blade, and puts the garbage. It is composed of a primary crusher of a bag breaking machine composed of an inclined side plate for pressing a bag against a plywood blade, and a secondary crusher of a screw crusher, a cutter type or a shear type. In the primary crusher, the bag is efficiently opened with a slicing blade to disperse the garbage and send it to the sorting machine together with other garbage, etc. In the primary crusher, even mixed products made of various materials such as sofas are mixed waste. But crushing,
It can be shredded and the subsequent sorting operation can be performed with high accuracy.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the crusher includes a primary crusher for coarse crushing, such as a hammer crusher or a screw crusher, a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade, and a grid spaced at the bottom in the width direction. And a secondary crusher of a shearing type comprising a screen formed of a plurality of longitudinally fixed blade members. Composite products made of various materials such as sofas and mixed waste can be roughly crushed and shredded, and subsequent sorting operations can be performed with high accuracy. In particular, combustibles and incombustibles can be accurately separated.

[0010] In a waste recycling plant according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals is interposed between the crusher and the separator. It is possible to select an iron-based metal having magnetism, and to recover iron resources and prevent wear of processing equipment.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the waste recycling plant, the sorting machine performs processing on a sorting block in which a plurality of rotating rotors in which a plurality of large and small rings are alternately arranged in the axial direction are arranged in a plurality of inclined shapes. An inclined rotor sorter that sorts the objects into at least three types of materials that have passed through a sieve, a weight that has fallen downward, and a lightweight material that has been conveyed upward. In a relatively small installation place, the crushed material is quietly sorted without vibrations in large quantities and continuously classified into three types: a material that has passed through a sieve, a lightweight material that has been conveyed upward, and a heavy object that has fallen downward. That is, light objects such as paper, sheets, plates, PET bottles, etc., which do not pass through the sieve are conveyed upward and stones which do not pass through the sieve,
Heavy objects such as cans and metal pieces fall down, and small objects such as earth and sand, leftovers and crushed fruits that pass through the sieve fall from the sorting block without clogging and can be sorted into three types. Furthermore, if the inclination of the sorting block can be adjusted, the branch point between the light and heavy objects can be moved and set according to the type of waste.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the waste recycling plant, the sorting machine is configured such that a plurality of large and small rotating bodies are alternately arranged in an axial direction, and a plurality of rotating rotors are horizontally arranged on a sorting block. Is a horizontal rotor sorter that sorts at least two types into a sieve passing material and a conveyed material. Relatively small installation place with no vibration for light materials such as paper, sheets, plates, PET bottles, etc., which do not pass through a relatively uniform sieve and waste mixed with spoilage fermentation products such as wet garbage and garbage It is possible to continuously sort in large quantities into two types: a sieve-passed material and a light-weight conveyed product without causing clogging quietly.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the waste recycling plant, the sorting device includes a wind sorting device for generating an air flow for conveying a light-weight object. Paper, sheets, plates,
It facilitates the separation and conveyance of lightweight objects such as PET bottles, and efficiently separates and conveys tapes and strings that are easily entangled or wound around the rotating rotor. In the waste recycling plant according to the eighth aspect, the sorting machine includes a push-up unit that pushes up a rotor at an intermediate portion of the sorting block to invert the processed material. The garbage that has solidified in the opened bag can be well disintegrated and scattered on the sorting block to increase the sorting accuracy.

In the waste recycling plant according to the ninth aspect, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, an aluminum sorting machine for sorting aluminum from the conveyed product, and a fixed-quantity feeding device for receiving and discharging a lightweight material after removing aluminum in a fixed amount. And a preheating stirrer that heats and stirs a lightweight object from which aluminum has been removed by a fixed amount. Recovery of aluminum resources that consume large amounts of power during manufacturing can be performed by an aluminum sorter.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, there is provided a solid fuel forming machine which receives the conveyed material and forms a solid fuel from combustible materials therein. Solid fuel can be obtained from combustibles other than putrefactive fermentable waste used as fertilizer. In the waste recycling plant according to claim 11,
As a succeeding device of the above-mentioned sorting machine, an aluminum sorting machine that sorts aluminum from the above-mentioned conveyed product, a quantitative feeder that receives and discharges a lightweight material after removing aluminum, and heats by receiving a lightweight material after removing aluminum by a fixed amount A preheating stirrer for stirring is provided. Recovery of aluminum resources that consume large amounts of power during manufacturing can be performed by an aluminum sorter.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, there is provided a fermentation device for receiving the above-mentioned sifted material and fermenting organic matter such as leftovers. Organic matter such as sifted and sorted rice can be converted into valuable materials such as fertilizer and feed. In the waste recycling plant according to the thirteenth aspect, the preheating stirrer includes a screw press pulverizer that receives the supply of the conveyed material, crushes and kneads with a spiral, pulverizes with a mortar pressing unit, and generates heat by compression. Even if the crushed material becomes wet with putrefactive fermentable waste such as garbage, the size of the crushed material used as solid fuel can be made uniform, and the temperature can be raised by the heat of compression without heating from the outside. The device can be miniaturized and energy consumption can be reduced.

In the waste recycling plant according to the present invention, the preheating stirrer can mix and stir upon receiving quick lime supplied from another fixed-quantity feeder in a fixed amount. It receives and mixes quicklime supplied from fixed-quantity feeder by fixed quantity and preheats it by chemical reaction of quicklime and water.Also increases ash content appropriately and uses calorific value of solid fuel containing plastics which dislikes too much with preheating stirrer. Can be suppressed. Further, quick lime can absorb chlorine contained in vinyl chloride and the like, thereby preventing generation of chlorine gas at high temperatures. In addition, the pre-heating of the chemical reaction between quicklime and water can be used to eliminate the subsequent dryer. In a waste recycling plant according to a fifteenth aspect, a dryer associated with a hot air generator is provided as a subsequent device of the preheating stirrer. Install a dryer associated with the hot air generator,
It is possible to reliably remove the moisture that inhibits the solidification of the fuel in the solid fuel molding machine for the processing that is wet with moisture coming from garbage and the like.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a waste recycling plant according to a typical embodiment of the present invention, which focuses on fertilizer production and solid fuel molding according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a bag breaking machine of the same primary crusher. 3 is a plan view of a screw crusher of the same primary crusher, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the secondary crusher, FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of the same crusher, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of another cutter type crusher, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another shear type crusher, and FIG. 9 is a cutter type crusher suitable for crushing wood. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of another cutter-type crusher suitable for crushing the same tree, FIG. 11 is a side view of the inclined sorter, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the same aluminum sorter with a partial explanatory view. FIG. 13 is a side view of a solid fuel molding machine that is also used as a preheating stirrer, and FIG. Plan view, FIG. 15 is a diagram of temperature rise and drying of waste, FIG. 16 is a plan view of an organic fertilizer production apparatus for producing the same fertilizer, FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional view of the same, and FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fermentation apparatus, FIG. 19 is a transverse sectional view of the same apparatus taken along line XIX-XIX in FIG. 18, FIG. 20 is a partial horizontal sectional view of another solid fuel molding machine, and FIG. It is a perspective view of a fuel molding machine.

In FIG. 1, a waste recycling plant 1 according to a representative embodiment, which mainly focuses on fertilizer production and solid fuel molding.
Is suitable for cities and towns where there are many opportunities to use fermented and putrefactive substances as fermented compost on agricultural land.Water is high regardless of general waste, business-related general waste, industrial waste general waste, etc. Fermentation and decay of garbage, fruit peel, tea flakes, coffee flakes, etc. and combustible materials such as paper, plastic, wood chips, etc. from metal flakes such as metal flakes, cans, etc. -Recycling putrefactive materials as fertilizer and feed, molding combustible materials as solid fuel, and collecting metal pieces and cans as resources. From collection vehicle 2 through overhead crane 3 and apron conveyor 4, the above-mentioned bagged products Bag crusher 10 of a primary crusher that receives and mixes mixed waste containing fermentation and putrefactive substances, and a secondary crusher that receives the crushed material from conveyor 5 and crushes it further. 20. At the horizontal portion of the apron conveyor 4, explosive unsuitable materials such as cylinders with gas remaining are removed by an operator. Also, ferrous metals such as steel cans are sorted by a magnetic force sorter 6 using magnets on a conveyor 5 that is transporting the crushed material, sent to a metal rolling mill 7A, sold and disposed of, and iron resources are collected and equipment is prevented from being worn. I try to plan.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bag breaking machine 10 of the primary crushing machine has an inclined side plate 1 forming a processing space narrowed downward.
The rotor 13 is rotatably driven at a lower part in the casing 11 having the 1A, a plurality of sets of blades 13A arranged in a longitudinal direction of the rotor 13 and one inclined side plate 11A on the rotation direction side is formed by a blade. And a spring S that elastically urges the garbage bag 13A so that the garbage bag W 'is supplied from above.

As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the other primary crusher 20 is driven at a constant speed by a motor 25 and a speed reducer 26 so as to bite into a working chamber 22A inside a casing 22 below a hopper 21 from above. Two crushing screws 23A and 23B that are rotationally driven are horizontally supported, and crush large wastes such as containers and various containers and discharge the waste through a coarse screen 27 from below. By this crushing, metals, plastics, woods, and the like are separated from the composite material product to facilitate the sorting by the magnetic force sorting machine 6. Protruding blades of various shapes that promote biting of the crushed material can be appropriately provided on the outer peripheral edges of the crushing screws 23A and 23B.

Further, as a crushing machine 10a, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of rotary crushing blades 13a and fixed blades 14a are provided in a working chamber 12a 'inside a casing 12a below a hopper 11a. And the crushed material is chopped between them. Cross support plate 1 at bottom
A screen 17a composed of a plurality of longitudinal fixed blade members 16a arranged in a grid and separated in the width direction of 5a is attached, and fragments of a desired size are obtained by the screen 17a. The rotary crushing blade 13a is attached to the rotating shaft 13a 'supported by the bearing B1 at the center of the fixed blade 14a, with the phases sequentially shifted in the rotation direction R1. Rotary crushing blade 1
A short fixed blade 14a 'is also provided on the blade side of 3a.
According to the crushing machine 10a, the bag crushing machine and the secondary crushing machine can be combined, and the crushing machine 10a is efficient.

In addition, a conventional hammer crusher or a rotary press crusher 10A shown in FIG. 6 is appropriately selected and used as a primary crusher in accordance with a large amount of contaminants in the waste. The screw crusher 10A is of a uniaxial type in addition to the biaxial type, and includes a rotary tapered crushing screw portion 13A, a straight crushing screw portion 13B, and a casing 12A.
The crushing can be performed between the plurality of fixed blades 14A on the inner surface and the ring-shaped fixed blade 14B between the tapered portion and the straight portion, so that the secondary crusher can be crushed to a size that can be omitted. Therefore, it is also used as a secondary crusher.

As the secondary crusher, a two-shaft cutter as shown in FIG.
0a is also used, and a crushed material of a certain size is reciprocated right and left in the casing 22a to form two pairs of rotary crushing blades 23.
a and the fixed blade 24a corresponding thereto cut into small pieces, and fragments having a desired size are obtained by the screen 27a. Further, FIG.
A biaxial shearing type 20b as shown in FIG. 1 is also used, and a protruding blade 24b of a mating shaft corresponding to a rotary crushing blade 23b that bites a crushed material of a certain size from left to right within a pair of casings 22b in a casing 22b. And the longitudinal fixed blade 27b 'forming the screen 27b, and the screen 27b obtains fragments of a desired size. This two-shaft shearing type crusher 20b is also used as a primary crusher.

When there is a large amount of wood-based waste, a rotary drum type 20c as shown in FIG. 9 and a rotary rotor type 20d as shown in FIG. 10 are used. In the former, a tunnel 22c 'through which a cut chip passes is formed below a crushing blade 23c provided around the rotary drum 22c, and the particle size is adjusted by a screen 27c. 2
4c is a fixed blade. In the latter, chips are formed from a piece of wood pushed in by a pusher 21d with a crushing blade 23d and a fixed blade 24d provided around a rotor 22d, and the particle size is adjusted by a screen 27d.

In the waste recycling plant 1, the crushed waste from the secondary crusher 20 passes through two sets of conveyors 5 and 5 for magnetic separation, and as shown in FIG. The machine 30 is sent to the lower middle part of the inclined sorting block 31. This sorter 30 is capable of continuously sorting a large amount of waste into three types, a sieve passing material W1, a downward falling weight material W2, and an upper conveying light weight material W3, at a small installation place as a super miracle separator. so,
A plurality of rotating rotors 32, in which a plurality of large and small rings 33, 34 are alternately arranged, are combined in a slanted manner so as to give a conveying force upward, and a sieve is formed between the large and small rings 33, 34 of the adjacent rotor. The sorting block 31 is supported on a machine base 35 via a cylinder 38 so that the inclination angle can be adjusted. An intermediate portion of the sorting block 31 is provided with a push-up portion 37 that pushes up the rotor 32 to invert the processed material.

The upper side of the sorting block 31 is covered with a housing 36, and the air flow A1 for blowing up paper, film, and sheet from the lower end near the discharge port of the falling weight W2 is supplied to the nozzle 3 by the nozzle 3.
It is made to inject from 7. Stones, block pieces, concrete pieces, etc. of the downward falling weight W2 are removed from the residue hopper 8.
And dumped by dump trucks, landfilled, and organic matter such as slivers and crushed fruits and vegetables that have passed through sieves W1,
It is fermented by the fermentation device 120 together with some earth and sand, and is converted into a valuable material of fertilizer. These organic substances can be dehydrated and dried and used as a raw material for solid fuel. In this embodiment, all the organic substances are sent to the fermenter 120. However, they are mixed with combustibles after drying according to the demand for fertilizer and feed. You can do it.

The waste treatment plant is provided with a sorting machine 3 as a succeeding device of the sorting machine 30 in the main recycling line.
An aluminum sorter 40 that sorts aluminum by receiving a light-weight material W3 containing combustibles such as plastics, etc., which is sorted from 0, a fixed-quantity feeder 45 that receives the light-weighted material after aluminum removal and quantitatively discharges the same, and a screw conveyor. A preheating stirrer 50 is provided to receive the lightweight material from which aluminum has been removed by a fixed amount via the fixed amount 47 and to mix and generate heat by receiving quick lime supplied from another fixed amount supply device 48 by a fixed amount supplying device 48. Of aluminum resources to be consumed by the aluminum sorter 40, and organic materials such as garbage can be preheated and dried by the chemical reaction of lime and moisture with wet organic matter and wet ash, and the ash content is appropriately increased to be too high. The calorific value of the solid fuel containing disliked plastic can be appropriately suppressed by the preheating stirrer 50. Further, quick lime can absorb chlorine contained in vinyl chloride and the like, thereby preventing generation of chlorine gas at high temperatures. Further, although related to wetness and moisture, it is also possible to use a preheating of a chemical reaction between quick lime and moisture to eliminate a subsequent dryer or reduce the size.

As shown in FIG. 12, the aluminum sorter 40 is a permanent magnet type drum rotating type aluminum separator, in which the input aluminum is a good conductor and generates an eddy current by causing an electromagnetic induction phenomenon by lines of magnetic force. The high-speed rotating drum 42 provided with the permanent magnet 41 receives a strong AC magnetic field and repels the eddy current generated inside the aluminum to be ejected. That is, the waste including aluminum and plastic excluding earth and sand and garbage is supplied onto a peripheral loop belt 43 provided with a short stopper, and the permanent magnet drum of one of the belt rotors driven to rotate by a geared motor 44. 42, is fed to the aluminum rolling mill 7B from the end discharge port 45, and the remainder is discharged from the inner discharge port 46 to the screw type fixed feeder 4
It is sent to 9.

As the preheating stirrer 50, a twin-screw press crusher having almost the same structure as the solid fuel forming machine 90 of the final apparatus except for a perforated plate with a nozzle for solidification is used. As shown in FIG. 14, the waste containing the plastic injected from the input port 51A (91A) at one end is taken out from the input port 51B (91B) at the other end.
Crushing, kneading, compressing and pulverizing while transporting in the longitudinal direction up to and raising the temperature by the heat of friction and compression, melting the plastic, etc.
(91) A pair of rotating shafts 52, 52 (92, 92) arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction and driven to rotate in opposite directions, and spiral bodies 53A, 53B, 54 attached to each of them.
A, 54B (93A, 93B, 94A, 94B) and pressed bodies 55A, 55B (95A, 95B), and a wear-resistant removably provided in the casing 51 (91) with a predetermined gap therebetween. Sex lining 51C (91
C). In the preheating stirrer 50, the take-out port 51B is largely open, and in the solid fuel molding machine 90 as the final apparatus, a perforated plate 99 with a nozzle for solidification is attached to the take-out port 91B. The pressed body constitutes, in particular, a mortar-shaped pressed part which promotes pulverization and dissolution. In addition, a rotary press crusher 10a that is also used as a primary crusher as a preheating stirrer is used.

In addition to the above, as shown in FIG. 20, as a solid fuel molding machine 90a, one of a pair of rotating shafts 92, 92a in the solid fuel molding machine 90 is shortened, and the intermediate product is formed by an oblique end wall 51a. Is pressed to the other shaft 92 and sent to the pressing body 55a more strongly. Further, when most of the combustibles are wood-based, the solid fuel molding machine 90
As b, there is a block press type shown in FIG. 21, which is crushed and kneaded while being conveyed by a screw conveyor 92b, and is reciprocally moved and used alternately in a form 91b from above and from the right and left in a press 93b, A compression molding is performed at 94b to obtain a block solid fuel F. In addition, those that produce M cubes, ogarite solid fuel, and the like are used.

Further, according to this waste recycling plant, the hot air generator 6
A kiln-type or fluidized-bed type dryer 65 combined with zero is provided so that moisture that inhibits solidification of the fuel in the solid fuel molding machine 90 can be reliably removed for a process with a large amount of moisture. . The hot air generating furnace 60 burns the kerosene from the kerosene tank 61 by the blower 63 from the burner 62 and sends hot air to the dryer 65. In the dryer 65, the inlet 65A at one end and the outlet at the other end are taken out. At 65B, the workpiece is agitated and dried while being fed along with the rotation of the rotary casing 66 (having a spiral guide blade on its inner surface). As is clear from the drying diagram of FIG. 15, the temperature rise and drying of the waste material become almost 20% moisture at 60 degrees Celsius with time, and then rise relatively quickly to 80 degrees Celsius. Slowly drops to 10%.
On the other hand, heavy dust generated from the dryer 65 is separated by the cyclone separator 70, and is separated by the next screw conveyor 75.
Returned to the waste containing the dried plastic above. The hot air generating furnace 60 and the dryer 65 are provided with the pre-heating stirrer 50.
Thanks to the miniaturization, energy consumption is reduced.

The buoyant minute substances separated by the cyclone separator 70 are sucked by the induction fan 101 and are separated by the heat exchanger 10.
2, the first stage waste collection chamber 120 and the preheating stirrer 5
0. The air from the dust odor fan 103 for collecting dust and odor generated in the solid fuel molding machine 90 is warmed and sent to the blower 63 of the hot air generator 60 together with the dust. The odor is sent to the deodorizing fan 10 through the acid / alkali deodorizer 105.
6 discharges from the activated carbon deodorizing device 107 to the atmosphere.

The waste containing high-temperature plastic dewatered, crushed and stirred in the above steps is sent from the screw conveyor 75 to the two solid fuel molding machines 90 from the quantitative feeder 80 and is preferably used as boiler fuel. The solid fuel is extruded into a rod shape from the perforated plate 99 with a nozzle for solidification and molded. This solid fuel is calorie stable,
Sanitary and effective use as fuel for boilers without generation of odor or mold.

[0035] The waste recycling plant of this representative embodiment, which focuses on fertilizer recycling by appropriately performing the above-mentioned solid fuel molding as needed, is a suburban city where there are many opportunities to use fermentable / perishable materials as fermented compost on agricultural land. The fermenter 120 is suitable for a town and village type, and produces fertilizers and feeds that use fermentation / perishable substances in waste, business-related general waste, industrial waste general garbage, and the like on farmland by the fermentation apparatus 120. Organic matter, such as leftovers and crushed fruits and vegetables, of the sieved matter W1 in the sorter 30 is the organic fertilizer production apparatus 120A for producing fertilizer shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 and the organic waste shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. It is sent to the fermentation device 120B.

As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the former organic fertilizer producing apparatus 120A for producing fertilizer comprises a fermenter 121A for fermenting various organic wastes into organic fertilizer, and a circular orbit provided on the fermenter. 122A, at least a rotating table 123A traversed from the center of the fermenter 121A to the circular orbit 122A, a driving means 123A 'for moving the rotating table in the direction of arrow C, and a rotating table 123A. A plurality of agitating means 124A which is attached in an inclined manner and turns upside down to the inside like a trajectory E, and a discharge means 121D provided at the center and receiving fertilizer from the innermost stirring means 124A, The agitating means 124A is a screw rotatably supported by a rotating means 122D at an upper end and a bearing fixed to the rotating table 123A and connected to the rotating means 122D. And a rotating table 123 so as to cover at least the lower side of the screw conveyor.
A and a cover 124D having a semicircular cross section attached to A, and have excellent durability that is unlikely to cause a failure.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the latter organic waste fermentation apparatus 120B is supplied with organic waste discharged from various processing plants of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, kitchens of homes, restaurants and the like. Stirring means 121 with inlet IN
B and far-infrared heating means 122B.
Drying chamber casing 124 forming drying chamber 123B receiving hot air (flowing as indicated by arrow D) passing through 23C
B, a waste intermediate treatment product is supplied from the drying chamber 123B via the communication means 124BC, and is provided with a stirring means 121C and a far-infrared heating means 122B to form a fermentation chamber 122C for promoting fermentation of the treatment intermediate by yeast. And a fermentation chamber casing 124C provided with a fermented product outlet OUT. The organic waste is quickly and hygienically controlled under good fermentation conditions by heating from outside and inside to adjust the water content in a short time. It is converted into useful fertilizer and feed by fermentation.

In the case where the waste is substantially free of stones, block pieces, concrete pieces and the like and is mostly garbage or combustible material, a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately replaced with the inclined sorting block 31. On a horizontal sorting block in which a plurality of rotating rotors arranged in the axial direction are horizontally arranged, a horizontal rotor sorting machine that sorts the processed material into at least two types of a processed material and a conveyed material can be used. The screening block is
The upper part is covered with the housing, and the air flow that blows up the paper, film, and sheet is blown out from between the rotating rotors,
It is also possible to provide a rotor push-up portion so that the processed object is turned upside down and scattered well. Organic matter such as leftovers and crushed fruits and vegetables that have passed through the sieve are fermented by a fermentation apparatus to be converted into valuables, or dehydrated via a fixed-quantity feeder 49 as indicated by the broken line in FIG. In order to be dried and used as a raw material of the solid fuel, it is mixed as a light combustible material into the subsequent preheating stirrer 50. When the preheating stirrer 50 using quicklime is provided, the subsequent dryer 65 can be omitted because the calorific value is large. In the solid fuel molding machine 90, when a large amount of heat is generated and there is a possibility that chlorine gas is generated, a water supply line 110 can be provided so as to supply water appropriately to suppress a rise in temperature.

The waste recycling plant according to the above-mentioned representative embodiment is a waste recycling plant having a high moisture content such as leftovers, tea leaves, coffee leaves, fruits,
Organic materials such as vegetables, wet towels and cloth products are also recycled as fertilizers, feeds and solid fuels. In the case of heavy business waste or industrial waste of industrial waste, which is not wet and has low water content, the preheating stirrer enclosed in [] in FIG. 1 and the dryer of the succeeding device can be omitted. This waste recycling plant also relates to the present invention.

[0040]

According to the above-described waste recycling plant according to the first aspect of the present invention, (1) spoilage fermentable substances such as organic substances such as garbage, fruits and vegetables in garbage bags, etc. Even if it is mixed with composite waste made of metal, plastic, wood, etc., it is crushed and separated with a crusher, and the garbage bag is broken and scattered to separate it into an appropriate size. And facilitates the sorting process in the sorting machine, increases the sorting accuracy, and enables various recycling suitable for each material. The sorting machine has a rotating rotor that constantly cleans the screen, does not cause clogging of wet or damp materials, and produces a large amount of crushed material continuously and quietly without vibration in a relatively small installation place. And at least two types of materials that have passed through the sieve and a conveyed material. That is, small objects such as earth and sand, leftovers and crushed fruits are dropped from the sorting block, and paper, sheets, plates, P
It can be sorted into two types: lightweight items such as ET bottles and heavy items such as stones, cans, and metal pieces, facilitating subsequent secondary sorting work.

(2) The material passed through the sieve is sent to a fermenter to be fermented and used as fertilizer or feed. Lightweight materials such as paper, sheets, plates, PET bottles, etc. that do not pass through the sieve are separately recycled as solid fuel in an appropriate form, and useful metals are sorted out from heavy materials such as stones, cans, and metal pieces. Various suitable recycling takes place. The solid fuel molding machine receives the supply of combustibles after removing incombustibles such as earth and sand, metals, etc., crushes and kneads them with a spiral etc., mixes them well, compresses them in a pressing unit, raises the temperature, and contains some water. It can also be dried and the plastic or wood lignin can be compressed and eluted into a binder to be recycled as a high quality solid fuel in a suitable form.

(3) According to the waste recycling plant of the second aspect, the crusher is elastically urged so as to be close to the rotating rotor and the plywood-blading blade around the plywood. The primary crusher consists of a primary crusher, which is composed of a slanted side plate that presses the bag containing garbage against a slicing blade, and a secondary crusher, such as a screw crusher, cutter type, or shear type. The bag is efficiently cut open with a cut-together blade and the garbage is scattered and sent to the sorting machine together with other garbage, and the primary crusher is used to coarsely mix composite materials such as sofas and mixed waste. It can be crushed and shredded, and the subsequent sorting work can be performed with high accuracy.

(4) According to the waste recycling plant according to the third aspect, the crusher comprises a primary crusher for coarse crushing such as a hammer crusher and a screw crusher, a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade and a bottom. It is composed of a cutter or shear type secondary crusher composed of a screen composed of a plurality of longitudinally fixed blade members that are spaced and forming a lattice shape, and is a composite product composed of various materials such as sofas Even mixed waste can be crushed and shredded, and subsequent sorting can be performed with high accuracy. In particular, combustibles and incombustibles can be accurately separated. (5) According to the waste recycling plant according to the fourth aspect, a magnet type sorting machine for sorting ferrous metals is interposed between the crusher and the sorting machine to select ferrous metals having magnetism. As a result, it is possible to recover iron resources and prevent wear of processing equipment.

(6) According to the waste recycling plant according to the fifth aspect, as a sorting machine, a sorting block in which a plurality of rotating rotors in which a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately arranged in the axial direction are arranged in a plurality of inclinations. Above, a slanted rotor sorter that sorts the processed material into at least three types of materials that have passed through the sieve, those that have fallen downward, and those that have been lightly transported upwards is used. The processed material is continuously sorted in large quantities into three types: a material having passed through a sieve, a lightly conveyed material that is conveyed upward, and a heavy object that has fallen downward. That is, lightweight materials such as paper, sheets, plates and PET bottles that do not pass through the sieve are conveyed upward, and heavy materials such as stones, cans and metal pieces that do not pass through the sieve fall down,
Minutes such as earth and sand, leftovers, and crushed fruits that pass through the sieve fall from the sorting block without clogging and can be sorted into three types. Furthermore, if the inclination of the sorting block can be adjusted, the branch point between the light and heavy objects can be moved and set according to the type of waste.

(7) According to the waste recycling plant according to the sixth aspect, as a sorting machine, a sorting block in which a plurality of rotating rotors in which a plurality of large and small rings are alternately arranged in the axial direction is horizontally arranged. It uses a horizontal rotor sorter that separates the processed material into at least two types of materials that have passed through the sieve and those that have been conveyed. Lightweight paper, sheets, plates, PET bottles, etc. that do not pass through a relatively uniform sieve Large amounts of contaminated and continuously contaminated materials without waste and without clogging in a relatively small installation place for waste mixed with spoilage fermentation products such as food, wet garbage and garbage It can be classified into two types: lightweight and lightweight.

(8) According to the waste recycling plant according to the seventh aspect, the sorting machine is provided with the wind sorting means for generating the air flow for conveying the light-weight material, so that the paper, sheet, plate, PET bottle, etc. It is possible to promote the separation and conveyance of the light-weight material, and efficiently separate and convey the tape or the string which is easily entangled or wound around the rotating rotor. Claim 8
According to the waste recycling plant described above, the sorting machine is provided with a push-up section that pushes up the rotor at the middle of the sorting block to turn over the processed material, and removes garbage solidified in the opened bag. It can be solved well and scattered on the sorting block to increase the sorting accuracy.

(9) According to the waste recycling plant of the ninth aspect, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, an aluminum sorting machine for sorting aluminum from the conveyed product and a light-weight material from which aluminum has been removed are discharged quantitatively. And a preheating stirrer that heats and stirs the lightweight material after aluminum removal by a fixed amount, so that aluminum resources that consume large amounts of power during manufacturing can be collected by the aluminum sorter. I can do it.

(10) According to the waste recycling plant of the tenth aspect, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, there is provided a solid fuel forming machine which receives a conveyed material from the sorting machine and forms a solid fuel from combustible materials therein. The solid fuel can be obtained from combustibles other than putrefactive fermentable waste used as fertilizer.

(11) According to the waste recycling plant according to the eleventh aspect, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, an aluminum sorting machine that sorts aluminum from the conveyed product, and a light-weight material after aluminum removal is received and quantitatively discharged. A fixed-rate feeder,
A preheating stirrer is provided for receiving and heating and agitating the light-weight material after aluminum removal by a fixed amount, so that aluminum resources that consume a large amount of power during production can be collected by the aluminum sorting machine. (12) According to the waste recycling plant of the twelfth aspect, as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, a fermentation device that receives the above-mentioned sifted material and ferments organic matter such as garbage is provided. Organic substances such as leftovers can be converted to valuables such as fertilizers and feed.

(13) According to the waste recycling plant of the thirteenth aspect, the preheating stirrer receives the supply of the conveyed material, crushes and kneads it with a spiral, pulverizes it with a mortar pressing part, and generates heat by compression. Even if the crushed material gets wet with putrefactive fermentable waste such as garbage, the size of the crushed material used as solid fuel should be uniform and the temperature should be raised by the heat of compression without external heating. Therefore, the size of the subsequent drying device can be reduced and energy consumption can be reduced.

(14) According to the waste recycling plant according to the fourteenth aspect, the preheating stirrer has a structure capable of receiving and mixing the quick lime supplied by a constant amount from another constant-rate supply machine and mixing and stirring the same. Receiving quicklime supplied from the feeder in fixed quantities, mixing and preheating it by the chemical reaction of quicklime and water, and appropriately increasing the ash content to properly increase the calorific value of the solid fuel containing plastics which are too high to dislike with a preheating stirrer Can be suppressed. Further, quick lime can absorb chlorine contained in vinyl chloride and the like, thereby preventing generation of chlorine gas at high temperatures. In addition, the pre-heating of the chemical reaction between quicklime and water can be used to eliminate the subsequent dryer.

According to the waste recycling plant of the present invention, a dryer associated with a hot air generator is provided as a succeeding device of the preheating stirrer, and the dryer associated with the hot air generator is provided. With such a configuration, it is possible to reliably remove the moisture that inhibits solidification of the fuel in the solid fuel molding machine when the treatment is wet with moisture coming from garbage and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process flowchart of a waste recycling plant according to a representative embodiment, which mainly focuses on fertilizer generation and solid fuel molding according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bag breaking machine of the primary crusher.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of another primary crusher.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another crusher.

FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of the crusher.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another crusher.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another cutter type crusher.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another shearing crusher.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cutter type crusher suitable for crushing a tree.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of another cutter type crusher suitable for crushing a tree.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the tilt sorter.

FIG. 12 is a side view with a partial explanatory view of the aluminum sorting machine.

FIG. 13 is a side view of a solid fuel molding machine that is also used as a preheating stirrer.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of the solid fuel molding machine.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the temperature rise and drying of waste.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the organic fertilizer producing device for producing the fertilizer.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of another organic waste fermentation apparatus.

19 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken along the line XIX-XIX in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a partial horizontal sectional view of another solid fuel molding machine.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of another solid fuel molding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 Magnet sorter 10 Primary crusher (bag breaker) 10a, 10A Primary crusher 20 Primary crusher 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d Secondary crusher 30 Sorter 31 Sorting block 32 Rotor 33 Large wheel 34 Small wheel Reference Signs List 40 Aluminum sorter 50 Preheating stirrer 60 Hot air generator 65 Dryer 90, 90a, 90b Solid fuel molding machine 120, 120A, 120B Fermenter

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ identification symbol FI C05F 9/02 B09B 3/00 A // B29K 105: 26 (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B09B 5/00 ZAB B07B 1/14 B09B 3/00

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. A crusher such as a screw crusher for crushing waste including organic matter such as garbage, fruits and vegetables, and plastics, and a plurality of large and small wheels are alternately shafted by being supplied with crushed processed materials. A plurality of rotating rotors arranged in the direction are arranged, and the rotating rotors are rotationally driven so as to apply a conveying force from one end side to the other end side in the arrangement direction on the upper side of the rotating rotors, and a mesh is formed between the rings of the adjacent rotors. A sorting machine that sorts the processed material into at least two types of a processed material and a conveyed material on the formed sorting block, and fermentation that receives and supplies fermented material containing the organic material selected from the separating device to perform fermentation. A solid fuel molding machine that receives the supply of the conveyed material containing the combustible material selected from the above-mentioned sorting machine, crushes and kneads the mixture, compresses and pulverizes in the compression unit, and forms a solid fuel in the molding unit. Characterized by Waste recycling plant. 2. The crushing machine according to claim 1, wherein said crusher is elastically urged so as to be close to said rotating rotor and said slicing blade, and presses the bag containing the garbage against said slicing blade. 2. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, comprising a primary crusher of a bag breaking machine including an inclined side plate, and a secondary crusher of a screw crusher, a cutter type, or a shear type. 3. The crusher comprises a primary crusher for coarse crushing, such as a hammer crusher or a screw crusher, and a plurality of longitudinally fixed blades, which are spaced apart from each other in the width direction at the bottom with a rotary crushing blade, a fixed blade and a grid. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, comprising a cutter-type or shear-type secondary crusher composed of a screen made of a member. 4. The waste treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic separator for separating ferrous metals is interposed between the crusher and the separator. 5. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the processed material is placed on a sorting block comprising a plurality of rotating rotors having a plurality of large and small rings alternately arranged in the axial direction and arranged in a plurality of slant shapes, and the processed material is tumbled downward by a sieve. 2. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein the waste recycling plant is an inclined rotor sorter that sorts at least three types into a heavy object and an upwardly transported light object. 6. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the sorting unit is configured to horizontally arrange a plurality of rotating rotors in which a plurality of large and small rings are alternately arranged in the axial direction. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, which is a horizontal rotor sorter that sorts at least two types. 7. The sorting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a wind sorting means for generating an air flow for conveying a light-weight object.
And a waste recycling plant according to claim 6. 8. The sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the sorting machine further comprises a pushing-up section for pushing up a rotor at a middle portion of the sorting block to invert a processed product. Waste recycling plant as described. 9. A succeeding device of the sorting machine, an aluminum sorting machine for sorting aluminum from the conveyed product, a fixed-quantity feeding device for receiving and discharging a fixed amount of lightweight material from which aluminum has been removed, The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, further comprising a preheating stirrer for receiving and heating and stirring the waste. 10. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, further comprising a solid fuel forming machine that receives the conveyed material and forms a solid fuel from the combustible material therein as a succeeding device of the sorting machine. 11. A succeeding device of the sorter, an aluminum sorter for sorting aluminum from the conveyed product, a fixed-quantity feeder for receiving and discharging a constant amount of the lightweight material after the aluminum removal, The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, further comprising a preheating stirrer for receiving and heating and stirring the waste. 12. The waste recycling plant according to claim 1, wherein a fermentation device is provided as a succeeding device of the sorting machine, which receives the sifted material and ferments organic matter such as leftovers. 13. The preheating stirrer comprises a screw press pulverizer which receives a conveyed material, crushes and kneads it with a spiral, pulverizes it in a mortar pressing unit, and generates heat by compression.
2. The waste recycling plant according to 1. 14. The waste recycling plant according to claim 11, wherein said preheating stirrer receives and mixes and agitates quick lime supplied from another quantitative feeder by a fixed amount. 15. A dryer associated with a hot air generator is provided as a succeeding device of the preheating stirrer.
The waste recycling plant according to claim 13.