JPH075373A - Microscope for surgical operation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an operation microscope by which operability is improved, a mirror body is miniaturized and working space is made large by making a direction for observing a part to be operated the same as a direction for performing operation. CONSTITUTION:This operation microscope is provided with imaging devices 6L and 6R picking up the image of the part to be operated 7, and a monitor 11 displaying the image picked up by the devices 6L and 6R; and an observation light incident part deciding observation visual field and an observation light projecting part projecting the picture on the monitor 11 are integrally constituted. Then, 1st and 2nd reflection mirrors 9 and 10 as an optical path refracting member for making the observation light incident part and the observation light projecting part proximate to each other are installed between the observation light incident part and the projecting part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical microscope having an image pickup means for picking up an observed portion such as an operation portion and a display means for displaying an image by the image pickup means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the development of surgical methods and surgical tools, fine surgery, so-called microsurgery, has been frequently performed. For the microsurgery, a surgical microscope including a mirror body having an observation optical system for magnifying and observing a surgical site is used, as in the case of ophthalmology and neurosurgery.

[0003] Generally, a surgical microscope is composed of a mirror body which is a microscope for magnifying and observing a surgical site, and a microscope support device for moving and holding the mirror body at a desired position and angle.

A surgical microscope having an observation optical system having an objective optical system and an image pickup means is also known, for example, from Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-39711. It has an image pickup means having a light receiving surface at an image formation position of an object to be observed by the objective optical system, displays an image picked up by the image pickup means on a display as a display means, and displays an image displayed on the display. It was made to be observable.

Further, in the German Patent No. 259265, an image obtained by the image pickup means is displayed on a head mount display or a television monitor attached to the operator's head, and the operator uses a reflecting mirror to right eye each. The monitor image of the left eye can be observed.

[0006]

However, when the image pickup means and the display means are arranged in the eyepiece of the surgical microscope, the mirror body becomes large and the mirror body interferes with the surgery. Further, the adoption of a monitor or the like causes a problem that the length of the mirror body becomes long and the working space becomes narrow.

Therefore, the image pickup means and the display means are provided separately,
It is conceivable that the image pickup means is provided near the surgical site and the display means is arranged near the surgeon's eyes, but the surgeon has traditionally moved the eyepiece and the surgeon's head at the same time to change the visual field. There is a problem that it is difficult to find the necessary observation field because it is familiar.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to make it possible to reduce the size of the mirror body and to widen the working space.
An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope that can easily secure a necessary observation field of view.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a surgical microscope equipped with an image pickup means for picking up an image of a portion to be observed, and a display means for displaying an image by this image pickup means. An optical path refraction member that integrally configures an observation light incident portion that determines an observation visual field and an observation light emission portion that emits an image of the display unit, and that brings the observation light incident portion and the emission portion close to each other. Has been established.

Therefore, the operator can perform surgery on the surgical site while observing the stereoscopic image displayed on the display means.
Since the observation direction coincides with the observation light incident part, the operability of the microscope during surgery is excellent. Further, the observation light incident part and the observation light emission part can be integrally incorporated inside the mirror body, and the working space can be widely used.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment. Reference numeral 1 denotes an arm attached to a floor-standing base (not shown), and a distal end portion of the arm 1 has a mirror body 2 rotatable about an axis O.
Is provided.

Inside the mirror body 2, one objective lens 3, a pair of variable power optical systems 4L and 4R, and a pair of imaging lenses 5L and 5 are provided.
R and image pickup devices 6L and 6R as image pickup means are sequentially arranged from the side of the operation portion 7 as an observed portion.

A projecting portion 8 projecting laterally at a right angle to the axis of the mirror body 2 is integrally provided at the tip of the mirror body 2, and the inside of the projecting portion 8 serves as an observation light incident part. A first reflecting mirror 9 as an optical path refracting member is installed at an angle of about 45 °, and the first reflecting mirror 9 faces a second reflecting mirror 10 installed below the objective lens 3. .

That is, the image of the surgical site 7 is refracted in the optical path by the second reflecting mirror 9 and is incident on the first reflecting mirror 10, and is further refracted in the optical path and is incident on the objective lens 3. The optical path that has passed through the objective lens 3 has a pair of variable power optical systems 4L and 4L.
R, the imaging device 6 through the pair of imaging lenses 5L and 5R
The light is incident on L and 6R.

The image pickup devices 6L and 6R are composed of a color separation prism, an R image pickup element, a G image pickup element, and a B image pickup element,
The RGB image information signal is converted into an image signal by the image generation circuit and displayed as an image on the monitor 11 serving as a display unit serving as an observation light emitting unit. The monitor 11 is installed inside the protrusion 8 of the mirror body 2 on the extension of the observation light incident optical path, and the monitor 11 is provided so as to cover the nematic liquid crystal plate 12.

Therefore, the operator is required to use the nematic liquid crystal plate 1
The operation of the operation part 7 can be performed while observing the stereoscopic image displayed on the monitor 11 via 2, and the observation direction coincides with the observation light incident part, so the operability of the microscope is excellent during the operation. . Further, the observation light incident part and the observation light emission part can be integrally incorporated inside the mirror body 2, so that the working space can be widely used.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment. The same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted. 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes a ceiling plate of the operating room 14, and an arm 15 is attached to a part of the ceiling plate 13. The arm 15 includes a fixed portion 16 fixed to the ceiling plate 13 and the fixed portion 16
On the other hand, the arm 15 is configured to be rotatable about the axis P as an axis, and the arm 15 vertically projects downward from the ceiling plate 13.

At the lower end of the rotating portion 17 of the arm 15, a protruding portion 1 protruding laterally at right angles to the axis of the rotating portion 17.
8 is provided, and the projection 18 is provided with a mirror body 20 via an expansion / contraction part 19 capable of expanding / contracting in the arrow X direction.

Inside the mirror body 20, one objective lens 3,
A pair of variable power optical systems 4L and 4R, a pair of imaging lenses 5L,
5R and image pickup devices 6L and 6R as image pickup means are sequentially arranged from the side of the operation portion 7 as an observed portion, and the mirror body 20 positioned on the reflection optical path of the first reflecting mirror 9 is formed. A nematic liquid crystal plate 12 is provided on the upper end portion through an eyepiece lens 21.

A monitor 22 as a display means is built in the ceiling plate 13, and the monitor 22 has the arm 1
The monitor objective lens 23 built in the fixed part 16 of No. 5 is provided so as to face. The image of the monitor objective lens 23 is transmitted to the monitor image forming lens 26 built in the expansion / contraction unit 19 via the image locator 24 built in the rotating unit 17 and the third reflecting mirror 25. ing. The monitor imaging lens 26 is composed of a focus system so that the image does not deteriorate even if the expansion / contraction part 19 is expanded / contracted.

Therefore, R by the image pickup devices 6L and 6R
The image information signal of GB is converted into an image signal by the image generation circuit and displayed as an image on the monitor 22. The image on the monitor 22 is transmitted to the monitor imaging lens 26 via the monitor objective lens 23, the image locator 24, and the third reflecting mirror 25, and the optical path is refracted by the second reflecting mirror 10, and The optical path is further refracted by the reflecting mirror 9 of No. 1, and an image is formed on the eyepiece lens 21.

With this configuration, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, the monitor 22 is built in the ceiling plate 13, so that the mirror body 20 becomes small and lightweight, and the mirror body 20 is moved. This has the effect of reducing the amount of operating force required and improving operability.

3 and 4 show a third embodiment. The same components as those of the first and second embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. An imaging device box 28 is housed above the ceiling plate 13. The image pickup device box 28 is supported by a roller 29 rolling on the upper surface of the ceiling plate 13 and a slide plate 30 sliding on the lower surface of the ceiling plate 13.
The imaging device box 28 is supported on the upper surface of the ceiling plate 13 so as to be horizontally movable.

The ceiling plate 1 is provided below the imaging device box 28.
An arm 32 is provided which penetrates through an opening 31 provided in No. 3 and vertically projects downward. The arm 32 includes a fixed portion 33 formed integrally with the image pickup device box 28,
The expansion / contraction part 3 that can be expanded / contracted in the vertical direction with respect to the fixing part 33.
4, a rotating portion 35 is provided, and the rotating portion 35 is configured to be rotatable around an axis P.

The rotating portion 35 of the arm 32 is bent in an inverted L shape and is provided with a horizontal portion 35a and a vertical portion 35b. Then, a protruding portion 36 protruding laterally at a right angle to the axis of the vertical portion 35b is provided at the lower end portion of the vertical portion 35b,
A mirror body 37 is provided on the protruding portion 36.

Therefore, the image pickup device box 28 and the arm 32 are formed as a light guide path, and the first polarization beam splitter 38 is provided at the lower end portion of the arm 32 located inside the light guide path, and the image pickup device box is provided. A second polarization beam splitter 39 is provided inside 28.

Further, a second reflecting mirror 40 is provided on the bent portion of the rotating portion 35 of the arm 32, and a third reflecting mirror 41 is provided on the lower end portion of the expanding / contracting portion 34. An image locator 42 is installed in the horizontal portion between the reflecting mirrors 40 and 41. Then, the observation light from the objective lens 3 is refracted along the bent light guide path and is transmitted to the second polarization beam splitter 39 in the imaging device box 28.

The light transmitted through the second polarization beam splitter 39 passes through a pair of variable magnification optical systems 4L and 4R and a pair of imaging lenses 5L and 5R provided inside the image pickup device box 28, and image pickup devices 6L and 6R. Is imaged on.
Therefore, the RGB image information signals from the imaging devices 6L and 6R are converted into image signals by the image generation circuit and displayed on the monitor 22 as an image.

The image on the monitor 22 is transmitted through the monitor objective lens 23 to the second polarization beam splitter 39.
Is reflected by the third reflecting mirror 41, the image locator 42 and the second reflecting mirror 40, is reflected by the first polarization beam splitter 38, and is reflected by the monitor imaging lens 26 by the first reflecting mirror. An image is formed on the eyepiece lens 21 via 9.

With this structure, in addition to the effect described in the first embodiment, the image pickup unit is installed in the ceiling plate 13
Since it is built in above, the mirror body 37 is small and lightweight, and the amount of operation force for moving the mirror body 37 is small, so that the operability can be improved. Further, by making the polarization components different between the first and second polarization beam splitters 38 and 39, the optical system for observation incident light and observation emission light can be shared, and the configuration can be further simplified and the weight can be reduced. it can.

5 and 6 show Disclosure Example 1, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a mirror body, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an electric system. Inside the mirror body 50, one objective lens 51, a pair of variable power optical systems 52L and 52R, a pair of imaging lenses 53L and 53R, and eyepieces 54L and 54R are sequentially arranged from the operative portion 55 side as an observed portion. The left and right optical systems 56L and 56R are configured.

A half mirror 57 for splitting the observation light is provided on the optical path of the left optical system 56L, and an image pickup lens 58 and an image pickup element 59 are provided on the reflected light path. A quick return mirror 60 is provided on the optical path of the right optical system 56R, and a relay lens 61 and a monitor 62 are provided on the reflected optical path of the quick return mirror 60.
It constitutes the second observation optical system.

The quick return mirror 60 is configured to be switchable between a solid line position and a broken line position by the action of a rotary solenoid 71 which will be described later, and the monitor 62 is configured to display an image taken by the image pickup device 59. . Reference numeral 63 is an ND filter installed on the optical path of the right optical system 56R to match the right and left light amounts.

A receiver 65 of the ultrasonic position sensor 64 is provided on the outer wall of the mirror body 50, and a transmitter 68 is attached to the operator's hand 66 with a band 67. The ultrasonic position sensor 64 is electrically connected to a comparison circuit 70 connected to a memory 69 into which distance information is input in advance, and the rotary solenoid 71 is connected depending on the result.
Is connected via a driver (not shown) to operate the.

Therefore, when the operator performs an operation while observing the surgical site 55 with the operating microscope and moves the hand 66 away from the field of view 72 of the operating microscope in order to change the operating tool, the ultrasonic position is changed. The sensor 64 detects this. That is, if it is assumed that the comparison circuit 70 determines that no surgical operation is performed when the distance information previously input to the memory 69 (for example, 50 cm away from the mirror body 50 is determined,
(The information), and when it exceeds the value, the rotary solenoid 71 is operated. As a result, the quick return mirror 60 moves to the broken line position. Therefore, the observation light reflected by the half mirror 57 is the imaging lens 5
An image is formed on the image pickup device 59 by the image pickup device 8.
The image captured by the monitor 62 is displayed by the monitor 62, and the quick return mirror 60, the imaging lens 53R,
It is observed by the operator through the eyepiece lens 54R.

The field of view 73 of the second observation optical system is wider than the field of view 72 of the operating microscope, and the one side field of view of the operating microscope is large when the operation is not performed, and the operator has a large field of view. When the surgical tool is grasped, the correct surgical tool can be confirmed, and when the surgical operation is started, the operation is reversed and the normal observation is resumed.

In this way, except when changing the surgical tool, it is as easy to use as the conventional operating microscope, and by adding the second observation optical system and the ultrasonic position sensor 64 as a unit to the conventional operating microscope. , Easy to offer.

7 and 8 show the second disclosed example, FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a surgical microscope, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an electrical system. Three-dimensionally bendable first to third universal arms 77a to 77c are suspended from a ceiling 76 of the operating room 75. A mirror body 78 of a surgical microscope is attached to the first free arm 77a, and an observation optical system 81 including an objective lens 79 and an image pickup element 80 is configured in the mirror body 78.

A monitor 82 is attached to the second free arm 77b, and an image pickup device 83 such as a general television camera is attached to the third free arm 77c. Also, 8
Reference numeral 4 denotes a tray on which a plurality of types of surgical tools 85 are placed, and the imaging device 83 takes an image of the tray 84.

Further, similarly to the first disclosed example, the receiving portion 65 of the ultrasonic position sensor 64 is provided on the outer wall of the mirror body 78,
A transmitter 67 is attached to the surgeon's hand 66 with a band 67. The ultrasonic position sensor 64 is electrically connected to the comparison circuit 70 connected to the memory 69 to which the distance information is input in advance, and is also connected to operate the selector 86 according to the result.

Therefore, when the operator performs an operation while observing the operation portion 55 with the operation microscope, and the operator moves the hand 66 toward the tray 84 to change the operation tool 85, the ultrasonic position is changed. The sensor 64 detects this. That is, the comparison circuit 70 compares the distance information previously input to the memory 69, and when the value exceeds the value, the selector 86 is operated. As a result, the monitor 82 can confirm whether or not the image by the imaging device 83, that is, the position of the hand 66 and the surgical instrument 85 are displayed on the monitor 82 and whether the surgical instrument 85 is correct.

Therefore, the operator himself / herself can replace the surgical instrument 85 without changing his / her posture, the observation images can be switched electrically easily, and the operator moves his / her hand 66 when the image pickup device 83 is aimed at the chart or the like. You can also see the chart by itself.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show the third disclosure example.
Is a configuration diagram of a surgical microscope, and FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram.
A mirror body 90 of a surgical microscope is attached to a ceiling 88 of an operating room 87 via a support shaft 89.
0 has a built-in observation optical system (not shown).

A head mount display 92 is mounted on the operator's head 91, and a monitor 94 and a quick return mirror 95 for displaying an image obtained by an image pickup element (not shown) in the mirror body 90 are mounted on the display main body 93. Is provided. Quick return mirror 95
Can be switched between a solid line position and a broken line position. At the solid line position, the image on the monitor 94 can be observed, and at the broken line position, the operator can directly observe the surroundings through the window 96.

Further, the head mounted display 92
The ultrasonic position sensor 97 has two transmitters 98a, 98
b is attached, and a receiving portion 99 is attached to the ceiling 88 just above the mirror body 90.

Transmitters 98a, 9 of the ultrasonic position sensor 97
The arrangement state of 8b and the receiving unit 99 is shown in FIG.
The distance of the operator and the angle α at which the operator is facing the mirror 90 can be detected. These two pieces of information can be input to the memory as in the disclosure examples 1 and 2. That is, it is possible to automatically move the quick return mirror 95 to the broken line position by detecting that the operator has moved away from the mirror body 90 by a certain distance or is facing the direction of the operation portion. Therefore, the field of view can be automatically switched when the user is looking at a place other than the surgical site, so that the head-mounted display 92 can be operated without touching during the operation.
You can keep your hands clean.

[0047]

As described above, in the surgical microscope of the present invention, the observation light incidence part for determining the observation field of view and the observation light emission part for emitting the image of the display means are integrally formed, and the observation light is observed. By providing the optical path refraction member that makes the light incident portion and the light emitting portion close to each other, the direction of observing the surgical site and the direction of surgery are the same, and operability can be improved. Further, the mirror body can be downsized, a working space can be widened, and a necessary observation visual field can be easily secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a surgical microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a surgical microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a surgical microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a disclosure example 1 of a surgical microscope.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an electric system of the disclosure example.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a second disclosed example of a surgical microscope.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an electric system of the disclosure example.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a third disclosed example of a surgical microscope.

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view of the disclosed example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... Mirror body, 3 ... Objective lens 4L, 4R ... Variable magnification lens 6L, 6R ... Image pickup element 11 ... Monitor

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 9, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0020

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

A monitor 22 as a display means is built in the ceiling plate 13, and the monitor 22 has the arm 1
The monitor objective lens 23 built in the fixed part 16 of No. 5 is provided so as to face. As the monitor objective lens 23 where the image is transmitted to the monitor imaging lens 26 incorporated in the stretch unit 19 through the image row te over data 24 and the third reflecting mirror 25 incorporated in the rotating portion 17 It has become. The monitor imaging lens 26 is composed of a focus system so that the image does not deteriorate even if the expansion / contraction part 19 is expanded / contracted.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0021

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Therefore, R by the image pickup devices 6L and 6R
The image information signal of GB is converted into an image signal by the image generation circuit and displayed as an image on the monitor 22. Image of the monitor 22, the monitor objective lens 23, is transmitted through the image <br/> low Te over data 24 and the third reflecting mirror 25 to the monitor imaging lens 26, the second reflecting mirror 10 The optical path is refracted, and the optical path is further refracted by the first reflecting mirror 9 to form an image on the eyepiece lens 21.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0027

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Further, a second reflecting mirror 40 is provided on the bent portion of the rotating portion 35 of the arm 32, and a third reflecting mirror 41 is provided on the lower end portion of the expanding / contracting portion 34. image low Te <br/> over data 42 in the horizontal portion located between the reflector 40 and 41 are installed. Then, the observation light from the objective lens 3 is refracted along the bent light guide path and is transmitted to the second polarization beam splitter 39 in the imaging device box 28.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0029

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The image on the monitor 22 is transmitted through the monitor objective lens 23 to the second polarization beam splitter 39.
Is reflected by the third reflecting mirror 41, is refracted by the image Hollow <br/> over Te over data 42 and the second reflecting mirror 40, it is reflected by the first polarization beam splitter 38, a monitor imaging lens An image is formed on the eyepiece lens 21 via the first reflecting mirror 9 by 26.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0042

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Therefore, the operator himself / herself can replace the surgical instrument 85 without changing his / her posture, the observation image can be switched electrically easily, and the preoperative CT image or MR for diagnosis by the imaging device 83 can be obtained.
By capturing the I image, etc., the operator can move the hand 66.
You can also see it as it is by simply making it visible.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 5

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 5]

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Fig. 10

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 10]

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Fujiwara 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masahisa Kanada 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toyoharu Harusawa 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Susumu Takahashi 2-43-2, Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinsho Akui 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Saito 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo No. Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinao Daimei 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus The Optical Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A surgical microscope comprising: an image pickup means for picking up an observed portion; and a display means for displaying an image by the image pickup means, and an observation light incident portion for determining an observation field of view and an image of the display means are emitted. The operating microscope is characterized in that the observation light emitting part is integrally formed, and an optical path refracting member for bringing the observation light incident part and the emitting part close to each other is provided.