JPH09248276A - Sight line variable hard mirror device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device with higher antibacterial ability which transmits images of several lines of sights and observes a desired visual field image by rotary compensation in a simple structure in which movable parts are not required for the top end part and image transmission part. SOLUTION: An image I1 made at an objective lens 20 from several lines of sights and pupils 11a and 11b are transmitted in the eyepiece system direction 22 through a relay lens system 21. Between the relay lens system 21 and the eyepiece system 22, an image I2 is created, and several pupils P3 corresponding to lines of sights are obtained through the eyepiece system 22. At rear of the pupils P3 , a TV camera 5 with an imaging element 24 is provided through an adaptor 35 composed of a pupil select iris 34 and an image-formation optics 23. The TV camera 5 is designed so that the imaging element 24 can be held at a specified position with a adaptor 35 without requiring the rotation of a hard mirror 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a view direction variable rigid endoscope device, and more particularly to a view direction variable rigid endoscope device characterized by a portion for selectively capturing a plurality of images in the view direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, an endoscopic surgical operation for performing an operation using a rigid endoscope without laparotomy has been actively performed. In this procedure, in order to insert a treatment tool such as a rigid endoscope or forceps for observing the inside of the abdominal cavity, an operation is performed by simply making a few small holes in the abdomen.

According to this technique, a large scar is not left, the postoperative recovery of the patient is quick, and it is possible to return to the society at an early stage. Therefore, the mental, physical and economic burden on the patient can be reduced. .

In such endoscopic surgery, there are many cases where a plurality of rigid endoscopes having different visual field directions are used during one operation. For example, when the affected area can be viewed from the front, a direct-viewing rigid endoscope is used, but when the blind spot is seen in the direct-viewing, a squinting rigid endoscope may be used.

However, in the surgical operation, much work is required for the operator, and it is very troublesome to remove the rigid endoscope from the patient and change it every time the visual field direction is changed, which is a heavy burden when the frequency is high. Become. Further, while the rigid endoscope is replaced, the affected part is kept invisible to the operator, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a field-of-view variable rigid endoscope which can observe a plurality of visual field directions by one without removing the rigid endoscope during operation.

Therefore, for example, JP-A-57-200125
In the publication, an endoscope is disclosed which can be observed by switching the directions of direct view and side view.

As shown in FIG. 16, the endoscope of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-200125 has an objective optical system including an optical system 101 for direct viewing and an optical system 102 for side viewing. These optical axes are combined by the half mirror 103, and 1
It is superimposed as one image. That is, the image formed by any of the optical systems can be transferred to the subsequent optical system 104. The light blocking member 1 provided on the object side of the prism for both direct viewing and side viewing and capable of electrically switching between transmission and blocking of light
05, either the direct-viewing direction or the side-viewing direction can be observed.

In addition, in order to change the direction of the visual field, in addition to the above-mentioned means using the light-shielding member 105, there is a method of switching the illumination irradiation direction toward the direction of direct view or side view to the direction to be observed.

Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2-32313 discloses that
An endoscope having two viewing directions and utilizing polarized light for conversion of the viewing directions is disclosed.

At the tip of the endoscope disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 2-32313, as shown in FIG. 17, in order to realize two visual field directions, two prisms for combining light rays from the two visual field directions are combined. A polarizing device 123 is provided between 121 and 122 to transmit images in the respective visual field directions in a relay lens system by linearly polarized light which is orthogonal to each other, and a polarizing filter or a prism is mechanically provided at the proximal end of the endoscope. Electrically 90
By rotating by one degree, one of the viewing directions can be selected for observation.

Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-156923 discloses an arthroscope shown in FIG. 18 (a). This arthroscope has three optical paths forming two viewing directions and three prisms 131, 132 ,. The center of the pupil of the objective optical system corresponding to each visual field direction is arranged side by side in one common plane at positions 134 and 135 in FIG. 18B. Then, by moving the position of the optical system behind the prism within the range of the arrow shown in FIG. 9B, one of the pupils can be selected to change the visual field direction.

On the other hand, as a characteristic peculiar to a surgical operation using a rigid endoscope, it is necessary to correct the rotation of an image in a perspective rigid endoscope. A person other than the surgeon operates the rigid endoscope, and the surgeon mainly uses the left and right hands to operate the forceps and the like while watching the image displayed on the TV monitor. At this time, in order for the operator to work smoothly, it is necessary that the vertical relationship between the patient at hand and the TV monitor image is consistent and corresponding.

For this reason, in the conventional perspective rigid endoscope, the vertical relationship of the TV monitor image is corrected by rotating the TV camera in accordance with the rotation of the insertion portion while watching the image on the TV monitor.

[0015]

However, in the above-mentioned one having the electric and mechanical visual field direction switching device at the distal end portion and the image transmitting portion of the rigid endoscope, the structure becomes complicated,
Therefore, there is a problem that the assembling property is deteriorated. Also,
In the case of using polarized light for conversion of the viewing direction, since it passes through the lens system behind the polarizing device, linearly polarized light is transmitted as it is in the vicinity of the optical axis, but since the polarization axis rotates in the peripheral part, There is a problem that images from different viewing directions leak into the peripheral image and the image deteriorates.

Further, a rigid endoscope is generally required to have a watertight structure because it is exposed to high temperature steam of 100 ° or more for sterilization. However, the presence of the movable portion may make the watertight structure more difficult, and in consideration of sterilization resistance, providing the movable portion in the rigid endoscope body poses a problem in terms of resistance.

Further, when a perspective rigid endoscope is used, it is necessary to keep the vertical relationship between the patient and the TV monitor constant as described above, and therefore it is necessary to rotate the TV camera in accordance with the rotation of the insertion portion. In the case of a rigid endoscope having a plurality of visual field directions as shown in JP-A-2-156923,
Since there are a plurality of pupils, it is necessary to rotate the aperture stop that selects the pupils in synchronization with the rotation of the insertion unit so that the pupils cannot be blocked when the TV camera is rotated. However, in this conventional example, since no consideration is given to this point, the field of view is variable, but there is a drawback in that the rotation cannot be actually corrected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has excellent sterilization resistance and transmits images in a plurality of visual field directions with a simple structure without providing a movable portion at the tip portion and the image transmitting portion. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a variable visual field direction rigid endoscope device capable of observing a desired visual field image by performing rotation correction.

[0019]

A variable view direction rigid endoscope apparatus of the present invention includes a rigid endoscope having at least an illumination optical system for illuminating an object, and an observation optical system for forming an image of the object, A light source unit that is connected to an illumination optical system and supplies the illumination light to the rigid endoscope, and an image capturing unit that is connected to the observation optical system and captures an image of the subject formed by the observation optical system are provided. In the field-of-view variable rigid endoscope device, the observation optical system includes at least a plurality of objective lenses having different visual field directions and an image transmission optical system that transmits an image of the objective lens backward, the image transmission optical system and the image transmission optical system. Selecting one of the images of the plurality of objective lenses obtained through the observation optical system between the image pickup means,
A field-of-view direction selecting unit for forming an image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup unit is provided, and the image pickup unit is configured to be rotatable relative to the observation optical system.

In the field-of-view direction variable rigid endoscope apparatus of the present invention, the image pickup means is configured to be rotatable relative to the observation optical system, and is provided between the image transmission optical system and the image pickup means. The visual field direction selection means selects one of the images of the plurality of objective lenses obtained through the observation optical system and forms the image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup means. With a simple configuration without providing a movable part, the sterilization resistance is excellent, images in a plurality of visual field directions are transmitted, and rotation correction is performed, so that a desired visual field image can be observed.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 11 relate to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an optical system of a rigid endoscope, and FIG. 2 is a view direction variable equipped with the rigid endoscope of FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a rigid endoscope device, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a pupil division diaphragm arranged in the optical system of the rigid endoscope of FIG. 1, and FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the connection portion between the base of the rigid endoscope and the TV camera, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 from the direction a, and FIG. 6 is a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. Is a cross-sectional view seen from the direction b, FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an actual design example of the objective optical system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a configuration showing a configuration of a first modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a second modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a third modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the modification of the optical system of the rigid endoscope of 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, a visual field direction variable rigid scope device 1 includes a rigid mirror 3 having an elongated and rigid insertion portion 2 and capable of varying the visual field direction, and a rigid mirror image transmitted by the rigid scope 3. TV camera 5 provided on the base 4 of the rigid endoscope 3 for imaging
And a monitor 6 for displaying a rigid mirror image captured by the TV camera 5, and a light source device 7 as a light source means for supplying illumination light to the rigid mirror 3.

As will be described later, the rigid endoscope 3 is constructed by incorporating an objective optical system having a plurality of visual field directions and a light guide for illuminating each visual field direction in the tip portion 8 of the insertion section 2. The insertion section 2 is provided with a relay lens system, which is a transmission optical system for images and pupils, following the objective optical system. Further, an eyepiece optical system is arranged at the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3, and a T-eye is provided behind the eyepiece optical system.
V camera 5 can be attached. Here, the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3 and the TV camera 5 are configured as an integral type or a detachable type. The subject imaged by the TV camera 5 is finally displayed on the monitor 6 as a rigid endoscope image so that the observer can observe it.

Here, the illumination light from the light source device 7 is
The light guide cable 9 is transmitted to illuminate each visual field direction through the base portion 4, the insertion portion 2 and the tip portion 8.

Next, details of the optical system of the rigid endoscope 3 will be described. The optical system of the rigid endoscope 3 according to the present embodiment utilizes pupil division, and has a configuration including an eyepiece optical system.

The pupil division method is basically composed of an optical system having one optical axis, but since it has a plurality of visual field directions, a lens group corresponding to a plurality of visual field directions is provided in front of the optical system. Will be placed. An optical system for a plurality of visual field directions adopting this pupil division method has the same configuration in a plurality of visual field directions in order from the object side, and a front lens group arranged facing each visual field direction and the plurality of visual fields. A prism for forming images from a plurality of viewing directions, a plurality of pupils corresponding to a plurality of viewing directions, and a single image in which light fluxes from a plurality of viewing directions are overlapped with each other. It is composed of a rear lens group that forms an image.

In the present embodiment, originally, the light flux of one optical system is converted into two pupils 11a, by the pupil division diaphragm 11 shown in FIG.
As will be described later, it is assumed that the light flux of the pupil 11a passing through one of the pupil division diaphragms 11 is directly viewed, and the light flux of the pupil 11b passing through the other of the pupil division diaphragm 11 is viewed in a perspective view by a prism, as will be described later. There is. Here, two images in the visual field directions are formed to overlap each other on the image plane.

The configuration of the optical system according to the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the optical system according to the present embodiment includes an objective optical system 20 on the rigid endoscope 3 side, a set of a relay lens system 21 and an eyepiece optical system 22 as a transmission optical system, and a TV camera 5 side. It is composed of an image forming optical system 23 and an image pickup device 24 as an image pickup means.

The objective optical system 20 is arranged at the position closest to the object and is oriented in the direct-viewing direction and the oblique direction, respectively.
The two objective lenses 25 and 26, the first prism 27 that allows the light beams from the two objective lenses to be incident on different surfaces, the second prism 28 that allows the light beams from the first prism 27 to be incident on the same surface, and the field of view described above. The pupil 11a corresponding to the direction,
It has a front lens group 29a composed of a pupil division diaphragm 11 divided into 11b. A rear lens group 29b for converging the light beams from the pupils 11a and 11b to form an objective image is disposed behind the front lens group 29a. In the figure, the alternate long and short dash line indicates each visual field direction, that is,
The optical axes of the objective lenses 25 and 26 are shown.

An image in the direct viewing direction is formed by this optical system as follows.

The light ray that has passed through the direct-viewing objective lens 26 passes through the surface 30 of the first prism 27 and then reaches the cemented surface 31. The joint surface 31 on the side of the first prism 27 is black-painted so as to prevent passage of rays other than effective rays in order to prevent harmful flare.
A flare stop is formed. First and second prism 2
Since 7 and 28 are made of the same glass material, they have the same refractive index and do not refract, but pass through the surface 28. After that, the pupil division diaphragm 1
An image I1 centered on the optical axis of the rear lens group 29b is formed by the rear lens group 29b through the lower pupil 11b (see FIG. 3) of 1.

On the other hand, the image in the perspective direction is formed as follows.

The light ray that has passed through the oblique-viewing objective lens 25 reaches the cemented surface 31 after passing through the surface 32 of the first prism 27. At this time, the light rays forming the image in the oblique direction go straight on the cemented surface without being refracted as in the case of the direct-viewing light rays. And the first
The joint surface 31 on the prism 27 side forms a flare stop that allows only effective light rays to pass therethrough in order to prevent harmful flare.

Since the optical axis in the direct viewing direction and the optical axis in the oblique direction intersect at the joint surface, the same flare diaphragm effectively functions for light rays from both directions. The light ray from the oblique direction that has proceeded straight is reflected by the mirror-processed surface 34 and reaches the surface 31 on the second prism 28 side again. Second prism 2
The surface 31 on the 8 side is mirror-processed in a range where the direct-view light rays and the oblique light rays separated by pupil division are not vignetted and in the range which covers the oblique light rays reflected by the surface 33. Therefore, the light ray from the perspective direction which is reflected by the surface 33 without vignetting passes through the upper pupil 11a (see FIG. 3) of the pupil division diaphragm 11, and
Similarly to the direct-view light beam, the rear lens group 29b forms an image I1 with the optical axis of the rear lens group 29b as the central axis.

Images I1 and pupils 11a and 11b formed by the objective optical system 20 from a plurality of visual field directions are transmitted by the relay lens system 21 in the eyepiece optical system direction. The symbol P2 in the drawing indicates a plurality of pupils corresponding to the respective visual field directions transmitted by the relay lens. An image I2 is formed between the relay lens system 21 and the eyepiece optical system 22, and a plurality of pupils P corresponding to respective visual field directions are formed through the eyepiece optical system 22.
3 is obtained.

Then, behind the pupil P3, a TV camera 5 having an image pickup device 24 is arranged via a pupil selection diaphragm 34 as a visual field direction selecting means and an adapter 35 composed of an image forming optical system 23. That is, in the present embodiment, the eyepiece optical system 22 is on the side of the rigid endoscope 3, and the pupil selection diaphragm 34 is provided separately from the rigid endoscope 3.

For convenience of explanation, the objective optical system 20 has a plurality of aperture stops 11, but the aperture stop 11 need not be provided in the configuration in which the pupil selection aperture 34 performs pupil selection.

Here, the TV camera 5 has a structure in which the adapter 35 can hold the image pickup device 24 in a fixed posture regardless of the rotation of the rigid endoscope 3. That is, the pupil selection diaphragm 3
4 is connectable corresponding to the pupil position P3 of the eyepiece optical system 22, and after connection, the pupil selection diaphragm 34 is connected to the pupil P of the eyepiece optical system 22.
It is configured to be rotatable with respect to the image pickup device 24 in association with the rotation of the rigid endoscope 3 while maintaining a constant positional relationship with the rigid mirror 3.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, an adapter 35 and a TV camera 5 are sequentially connected to the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3. The adapter 35 has a pupil selection diaphragm 3
4. The image forming optical system 23 is arranged, and the image pickup device 24 is arranged in the TV camera 5. The image pickup signal converted into an electric signal by the image pickup device 24 is passed through the cable 41 and subjected to signal processing, and then displayed on the monitor 6 as image information.

The base 4 of the rigid endoscope 3 is provided with a guide pin 45 for positioning, while the pupil selection diaphragm 3 is provided.
4, a receiving portion 46 corresponding to the guide pin 45 is provided. Further, the pupil selection diaphragm 34 is provided with an opening 34a at a position opposed to the guide pin 45 for transmitting one of the light fluxes of the pupils 11a and 11b.

That is, by fitting the guide pin 45 to the receiving portion 46 and connecting the adapter 35 to the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3, the opening 34a corresponds to a position for selecting one pupil of the rigid endoscope 3. The pupil selection diaphragm 34 is connected.

Here, the position of the guide pin 42 is shown in FIG. 5 by the cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 from the direction a, and the position of the guide pin 42 is shown by the cross section taken from the direction b of FIG. Part 4
The position of 3 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the guide pin 45 can be selectively provided on the inner peripheral surface of the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3 at the positions shown by the solid line and the broken line. For example, when the guide pin 45 is provided at the solid line position. Is the pupil selection diaphragm 3
4 selects the pupil 11a by the opening 34a, and when the guide pin 45 is provided at the position of the broken line, the pupil selection diaphragm 34 selects the pupil 11b by the opening 34a.

The positioning of the guide pin 45 is as follows.
For example, the guide pin 45 is detachable, and an inner peripheral surface of the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3 is provided with a connecting portion for connecting the guide pin 45 to a desired position, or the guide pin 45 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the base portion 4 of the rigid endoscope 3. May be configured to be rotatable by 180 °.

On the other hand, returning to FIG. 4, the TV camera 5 is rotatable with respect to the adapter 35. And
The TV camera 5 is provided with a weight 50 so that the image pickup element 24 always faces a certain direction due to gravity. Therefore, although the pupil selection diaphragm 34 and the adapter 35 rotate together according to the rotation of the rigid endoscope 3, only the TV camera 5 always maintains a constant posture. As a result, the patient and the image sensor 2
The upper and lower relationships of 4 can always maintain a constant correspondence regardless of the rotation of the rigid endoscope 3.

Here, a design example of an actual objective optical system is shown in FIG.
And the numerical data thereof are shown in Table 1. In addition,
In the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the portion shown as the rear lens group 29b in FIG. 1 is composed of three cemented lenses 29 '. Further, in the relay lens system 21 in FIG. 7, the thickness on the optical axis of the lens is actually larger than the outer diameter.

[0047]

[Table 1] As described above, in the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained by adopting a configuration in which one image is formed. That is, the objective optical system of the rigid-viewing type of the multiple-viewing-direction type has a plurality of viewing directions and a plurality of pupils corresponding to the viewing direction, and one image, and one image is an image in the plurality of viewing directions. Are overlapped with each other, and the optical axes of multiple visual fields coincide with the optical axis of the transfer system at the image position. The image and the plurality of pupils are transmitted without vignetting.

For this reason, in the present embodiment, a movable portion is not required in the objective optical system or the transmission optical system for selecting the visual field direction, and the pupil selection diaphragm 34 for selecting the visual field direction is provided behind the transmission optical system. By providing the image, an image in a desired visual field direction can be easily obtained.

Further, since the TV camera 5 is provided with the weight 50, the image pickup device 24 always faces a certain direction due to gravity, and as a result, the vertical relationship between the patient and the image pickup device 24 does not depend on the rotation of the rigid endoscope 3. I can always maintain a certain level of correspondence,
Rotational correction can be easily performed.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the objective optical system and the like do not have a device for switching the direction of the visual field, the structure is simple and the assembling is good. Further, since polarized light is not used, the image in the peripheral portion is not deteriorated by the rotation of the polarization direction.

It should be noted that the pupil selection diaphragm 34 is provided with a receiving portion 46 that fits with the guide pin 45 at a position facing the opening 34a, and the guide pin 45 is provided at a position corresponding to the pupil position to perform pupil selection. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 8, as a first modification of the pupil selection diaphragm 34, the receiving portions 46a. 46b may be provided, and in this case, the guide pin 45 may be fixedly provided at the solid line position shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the pupil selection diaphragm 34
As a second modified example, the electronic diaphragm 55 is electrically opened by providing a plurality of electronic diaphragms 55 corresponding to the pupil position of the rigid endoscope 3 in advance and switching a switch provided on the TV camera 5 side. A part may be selected to switch the viewing direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, as a third modification of the pupil selection diaphragm 34, two openings 34a corresponding to the pupil position are provided, and one of the openings 34a is moved by the light shielding member 57. You may comprise so that it may select. Alternatively, although not shown, a liquid crystal shutter may be provided in each of the two openings, and one of the liquid crystal shutters may be selectively driven by driving the liquid crystal shutter.

As described above, the pupil selection diaphragm 34 can be applied to any structure as long as it can select one of a plurality of pupils.

Further, as described above, the objective optical system 20
Are the two objective lenses 25 and 26 and the first prism 27.
And a second prism 28 and a front lens group 29a and a rear lens group 29b each of which includes the pupil division diaphragm 11. However, when it is difficult to share one prism, FIG. As shown, the objective optical systems 20a and 20b may be provided separately for each of the direct view and the oblique view. It goes without saying that the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained in this case as well.

12 to 14 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a connecting portion between a base portion of a rigid endoscope and a TV camera, and FIG. 13 is a line B- in FIG. B
FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a section taken along line C-C of FIG. 12.

Since the second embodiment is almost the same as the first embodiment, only different points will be described, the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the first embodiment, the TV camera 5 is provided with the weight 50 so that the image pickup device 24 always faces a certain direction due to gravity, but in the second embodiment, the weight 50 is provided. Rotation correction is performed without provision.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the adapter 35a of the second embodiment has a double structure consisting of an outer tube 61 and an inner tube 62, and an image forming optical system in which the TV camera 5 is connected. The inner tube 62 that encloses 23 is configured to be rotatable independently of the outer tube 61. In addition, the pupil selection diaphragm 34
A gear 63 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer pipe 61 and the inner pipe 62.
It meshes with the rotation transmission gear 64 provided between.
A first gear 65 that changes the rotation direction is provided at the other end of the support of the rotation transmission gear 64.

A gear 66 is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe 62 and meshes with a rotary drive gear 67 provided between the outer pipe 61 and the inner pipe 62. At the other end of the support pillar of the rotary drive gear 67, the second gear 6 meshing with the first gear 65 is provided.
8 are provided.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 13 which is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 12, the rotation amount of the pupil selection diaphragm 34 that rotates integrally with the rigid endoscope 3 is transmitted to the rotation transmission gear 64 by the gear 63. Then, the rotation direction is reversed by the first gear 65 and the second gear 68, and the rotation amount is transmitted to the rotation drive gear 67.

FIG. 1 which is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the rotation driving gear 67 rotates the inner tube 62 by the gear 66, thereby rotating the inner tube 62 in the opposite direction at the same angle as the pupil selection diaphragm 34.

The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the operator uses the adapter 3
The outer tube 61 of 5a is held, while the rigid endoscope 3 is rotated in a desired direction for use.

At this time, the pupil selection diaphragm 34 rotates together with the rigid endoscope 3 and the gears 63 to 68 rotate the image pickup device 24 in the opposite directions by the same angle. Relationships can always be kept constant.

Other functions and effects are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a structural diagram showing the structure of the optical system of the rigid endoscope according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

Since the third embodiment is almost the same as the first embodiment, only different points will be described, the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

The optical system of the rigid endoscope 80 of the third embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 15, an objective optical system 8 in order from the tip side.
1, 82, a relay lens 83, an eyepiece lens 84,
It has an image forming lens 85 and a CCD 86, and even the eyepiece optical system is built in the rigid scope 80, and the CCD 86 is the TV camera 8.
7, an imaging lens 85 is built in an adapter 88 that connects the TV camera 87 to the rigid scope 80.

The present optical system is a combination of a plurality of scopes having different viewing directions. In order to connect the TV camera 88 to each of the plurality of observing base end portions, the optical axis converting means 89 is provided to widen the optical axis interval of the insertion portion.

The TV camera 87 and the adapter 88 are provided separately from the rigid endoscope 80.
By changing the value of 8, it is possible to switch the viewing direction. Further, the image pickup system has a configuration in which the posture can be controlled by gravity, and the CCD 86 and the rigid endoscope 80 can freely rotate.

Other configurations, operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0073]

As described above, according to the view direction variable rigid endoscope apparatus of the present invention, the image pickup means is configured to be rotatable relative to the observation optical system, and the image transmission optical system and the image pickup means are formed. The field-of-view direction selection means provided therebetween selects one of the images of the plurality of objective lenses obtained via the observation optical system and forms the image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup means. Without a movable part, with a simple configuration,
There is an effect that the sterilization resistance is excellent, the images in a plurality of visual field directions are transmitted, the rotation is corrected, and a desired visual field image can be observed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an optical system of a rigid endoscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a view direction variable rigid scope device including the rigid scope shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a pupil division diaphragm arranged in the optical system of the rigid endoscope in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a connection portion between a base portion of the rigid scope shown in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 viewed from a direction a.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 viewed from a direction b.

7 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an actual design example of the objective optical system in FIG.

8 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a first modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG.

9 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a second modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG.

10 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a third modification of the pupil selection diaphragm of FIG.

11 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a modified example of the optical system of the rigid endoscope in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a connection portion between a base portion and a TV camera of a rigid endoscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a section taken along line BB of FIG. 12;

14 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an optical system of a rigid endoscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional first field-of-view variable endoscope.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional second field-of-view variable endoscope.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional arthroscope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Visual direction variable rigid scope device 2 ... Insertion part 3 ... Stiffness scope 4 ... Base part 5 ... TV camera 6 ... Monitor 7 ... Light source device 8 ... Tip part 9 ... Light guide cable 11 ... Pupil division diaphragm 11a, 11b ... Pupil 20 ... objective optical system 21 ... relay lens system 22 ... eyepiece optical system 23 ... imaging optical system 24 ... imaging device 25,26 ... objective lens 27 ... first prism 28 ... second prism 29a ... front lens group 29b ... rear lens group 34 ... Pupil selection diaphragm 34a ... Opening 35 ... Adapter 41 ... Cable 45 ... Guide pin 46 ... Receiving part 50 ... Weight

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rigid mirror having at least an illumination optical system for illuminating a subject, and an observation optical system for forming an image of the subject; and a rigid mirror connected to the illumination optical system to direct the illumination light to the rigid mirror. In the view direction variable rigid endoscope device, comprising: a light source unit for supplying the light; and an image pickup unit that is connected to the observation optical system and captures an image of the subject formed by the observation optical system, wherein the observation optical system is at least It has a plurality of objective lenses having different visual field directions and an image transmission optical system for transmitting the image of the objective lens backward, and is obtained between the image transmission optical system and the imaging means via the observation optical system. A field-of-view direction selecting unit that selects one image of the plurality of images of the objective lens and forms an image on the image pickup surface of the image pickup unit, wherein the image pickup unit is relative to the observation optical system. To be rotatable A view direction variable rigid scope device characterized by being configured.