JPH0693189B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to realizing a resonance effect.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a reverb device or an echo device has been used to generate a reverberant or reverberant tone. Conventional reverb or echo devices include a method of generating reverberation sound in an analog manner using a spring, or a method of generating reverberation sound in a digital manner using a digital filter and a delay circuit, but the former is unnatural. In addition, mechanical shock may cause noise, and the latter has the drawback of being expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can realize a resonance effect similar to a reverb or echo effect with a relatively simple configuration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a pitch designating means for designating a pitch of a musical tone, a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal according to a pitch designated by the pitch designating means, Corresponding to each of a plurality of pitch groups, waveform data of sounds that resonate with the sounds of each pitch group, and waveform data different from the waveform of the musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generating means are stored. The resonance waveform storage means, the resonance waveform instruction means for instructing the waveform data to be read out by the storage means according to the pitch designated by the pitch designating means, and for instructing whether or not the effect is given. When the effect instructing means and the effect instructing means instruct the effect imparting, the waveform data instructed by the resonance waveform instructing means is read out from the resonance waveform storing means, whereby the resonance corresponding to the designated pitch is obtained. Resonant sound generation control means for generating a sound signal, and when the effect giving means gives an instruction to give an effect, the musical sound signal generating means generates the musical sound signal corresponding to the designated pitch. In addition to the above, the resonance sound generation control means generates the resonance sound signal.

When an effect is instructed, not only the original musical tone signal corresponding to the designated pitch is generated from the musical tone signal generating means, but also the waveform data of the resonance tone corresponding to the designated pitch is designated as the resonance waveform. Waveform data of the resonance sound is read from the resonance waveform storage means, and a resonance sound signal corresponding to the designated pitch is generated together with the original musical sound signal based on the waveform data of the resonance sound. Can be realized.

The resonance waveform storage means stores the waveform data of the sounds that resonate with the sounds of each pitch group, and the waveform data that is different from the waveform of the tone signal generated by the tone signal generation means. It is possible to generate high-quality resonance waveform data that is suitable for sound and is dedicated to it. Since the optimum resonance waveform data corresponding to the specified pitch is selectively read out from the resonance waveform storage means, it is possible to add an appropriate resonance sound and realize a realistic resonance effect with a simple configuration. Therefore, a high-quality resonance sound can be generated with a simple configuration. That is an excellent effect.

Further, since the resonance waveform storage means stores the high-quality resonance waveform data corresponding to each of the plurality of pitch groups, the resonance waveform data is stored as compared with the case where the resonance waveform data is stored corresponding to individual pitches. There is also an effect that the capacity can be reduced.

It is preferable that the resonance tone signal generated by the resonance waveform storage means has a lower volume level and a longer decay time than the original tone signal generated by the tone signal generation means, and thereby the resonance and reverberation are effective. Can be expressed in Further, the resonance waveform storage means may store the waveform data corresponding to each chord. In that case, the resonance waveform instructing means detects a chord based on the designated pitch, and instructs the waveform data to be read from the resonance waveform storage means in accordance with the detected chord.

Embodiment In FIG. 1, a keyboard 10 is provided with a plurality of keys for designating the pitch of a musical tone. The key-depression detection sound allocating circuit 11 detects a key pressed by the keyboard 10 and allocates the sound of the pressed key to any of a plurality of sound generation channels. A key code KC indicating a key assigned to each channel and a key-on signal KON indicating whether or not the key is continuously pressed are output from the circuit 11 for each channel (for example, in time division). The ordinary musical tone signal generating means 12 generates musical tone signals corresponding to the keys assigned to the respective channels by any known method, and specifies the pitch of the musical tone to be generated in each channel. Therefore, the key code KC is input and the key-on signal KON is input to form an envelope such as a volume.

The resonance waveform memory 13 stores in advance, for each key of the keyboard 10, data of a waveform in which a plurality of sounds that resonate with the pitch are composited, and as an example, the development of such a composite waveform ends from the development. The amplitude data of the sequential sampling points of all waveform sections up to are stored with the volume envelope. Note that the keys with the same note names in different octaves have the same resonance tones, so common waveform data is used without preparing separate waveform data. Therefore, the resonance waveform memory 13 stores the composite waveform data of the resonance tones corresponding to the 12 note names C to B, respectively. The waveform data to be stored in the waveform memory 13 is obtained by collecting from the natural musical instrument a tone having the same pitch as the resonance tone generated when the natural musical instrument is actually played, and proportioning them according to the volume level of the actual resonance tone. It is recommended to create it by mixing with. For example, in an actual piano performance, it is known that a plurality of strings that are in a harmonic relationship with a keyed string resonate and play a resonance sound at a low volume level. Therefore, for example, when creating the waveform data of the resonance tone related to the note name C, a plurality of strings that resonate with the string of the note name C (for example, the string C of 2 octaves below = 1/4 overtone, the string F of 2 octaves below). String = 1
/ 3rd harmonic, 1 octave lower C string = 1/2 harmonic, 1 octave higher C string = 2nd harmonic, 1 octave higher G string = 3
Overtone, C string on 2 octaves = 4 harmonics, E string on 2 octaves = 5 harmonics, G string on 2 octaves = 6 harmonics, C string on 3 octaves = 8 harmonics etc. It suffices to collect the respective contents and mix them in an appropriate ratio. Alternatively, the note name C may be actually played, and the composite waveform of the resonance sound actually obtained at this time may be sampled. Alternatively, a waveform with a frequency of 1 / 4,1 / 3,1 / 2,2,3,4,5,6,8 times the note name C (this is necessarily taken from a natural instrument sound May be prepared) and these waveforms are mixed at an appropriate amplitude level to create the waveform data of the resonance sound in a simulated manner. Resonant sound waveform data is similarly created for other note names. The resonance waveform data to be stored in the resonance waveform memory 13 may or may not include the original pitch component (for example, the C tone itself in the case of the C tone resonance tone). Good. In order to effectively express the resonance feeling and the reverberation feeling, it is preferable that the volume level of the waveform data to be stored in the resonance waveform memory 13 is sufficiently low and the decay time is sufficiently long. For example, resonance waveform memory
The volume level of the musical tone signal (resonance tone signal) obtained by 13 is lower than that of the ordinary musical tone signal obtained by the ordinary musical tone signal generating means 12 by about 10 to 20 dB.

The decoder 14 is for selecting a waveform to be read out by the resonance waveform memory 13 in accordance with a pressed key, and indicates a note name within one octave of the key code KC output from the pressed key detection sound allocating circuit 11. Enter the note code NC and decode it. The output of the decoder 14 is the resonance waveform memory 13
The waveform data corresponding to the note name of the note code NC is selected from the waveform data of the resonance sounds corresponding to the note names C to B, and can be read.

The address generator 15 is for temporally reading the selected waveform data from the resonance waveform memory 13 at a rate according to the pressed key. The key code KC and the key-on signal KON output from the key-depression detection sound allocation circuit 11 are given to the address generator 15, and reading (generation of address data) is started in response to the rise of the key-on signal KON, and the key code Address data whose value changes with time is generated at a rate corresponding to KC. The address data generated from the address generator 15 is applied to the resonance waveform memory 13, and the waveform data of the resonance sound selected by the output of the decoder 14 is temporally read from the memory 13. The readout control of the memory 13 by the decoder 14 and the address generator 15 is performed in time division for each channel in synchronization with the time division timing of the key code KC and the key-on signal KON.

The waveform data read from the resonance waveform memory 13 is the gate
Finally through 16 is given to the sound system 17.
The gate 16 is opened when the effect is selected by the resonance effect selection switch 18, and enables the generation of the resonance signal corresponding to the read output of the resonance waveform memory 13. The effect selection switch 18 may be automatically (on electronically or mechanically) controlled to be turned on and off in association with the selection of a tone color. The output of the normal tone signal generating means 12 is also finally given to the sound system 17. Although illustration is omitted, a mixing adder, an accumulator, a D / A converter and the like are provided in the path leading to the sound system 17 as necessary.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which each key of the keyboard 10 is sequentially scanned by the key scanning circuit 19, and "1" or "" depending on the ON / OFF of the key at each key scanning timing. The key scanning circuit 19 outputs time-division-multiplexed key data KTDM indicating a value of 0 ". In addition, various timing signals TM synchronized with the scanning timing are output from the key scanning circuit 19. In the normal tone signal generation means 20, key data
KTDM and timing signal TM are input, and a tone signal corresponding to the pressed key is generated on the basis of these (a compound tone can be generated).

The resonance waveform memory 21 stores the resonance tone waveform data in advance like the memory 13 of FIG. 1. However, the point that the resonance waveform waveform data corresponding to each chord is stored is different from the one described above. different. As an example, there are 4 types of chords, major, minor, sevens, and minor sevens, for each of the 12 roots of note names C to B, and resonance sound waveform data is stored for each of the 48 total chords. ing. For example, for a C major chord, a plurality of tones that resonate with the tones C, E, and G, which are the chord-constituting tones, are stored as waveform data in which they are combined at appropriate volume levels. Similarly, for other chords, waveform data in which a plurality of tones that resonate with the chord constituent tones are combined is stored. Each waveform has a low volume level as described above and a long decay time.

The chord detection circuit 22 detects a chord composed of one or a plurality of pressed keys based on the time-division multiplexed key data KTDM given from the key scanning circuit 19, and the data RT indicating the root note of the detected chord. And the data TP indicating the chord type are output. The root note data RT and the chord type data TP are given to the resonance waveform memory 21, and the waveform data to be read by the memory 21 is selected (readable) according to the chord specified by the data RT, TP. As a circuit for detecting a chord based on the time-division multiplexed key data, a circuit as disclosed in JP-A-56-106291 or JP-A-57-48789 can be used.

The address generator 23 temporally reads out the selected waveform data from the resonance waveform memory 21 at a rate according to the pitch (tone range) of the chord specified by the keyboard 10. For different octave same chords or inversion chords,
If the chord names are common, the chord average octave detection circuit 24 has an address generator so that the common waveform data set in the resonance waveform memory 21 can be used.
It is provided in front of 23. The chord average octave detection circuit 24 finds the average octave of chord constituent tones based on the time division multiplexed key data KTDM. Chord change detection circuit 25
Is for detecting that the playing chord on the keyboard 10 has been changed based on the root note data RT and the chord type data TP detected by the chord detecting circuit 22. Part of the timing signal TM is supplied to each of the detection circuits 22, 24 and 25, and one of the key scanning cycles is performed.
Predetermined detection is performed in each cycle.
The address generator 23 starts generating address data from a predetermined initial address value when the chord change detection circuit 25 detects that the chord has changed, and corresponds to the average octave detected by the chord average octave detection circuit 24. The address data is temporally changed at a rate. The waveform data read from the resonance waveform memory 21 reaches the sound system 17 via the gate 16 as described above.

A detailed example of the chord average octave detection circuit 24 and the address generator 23 is shown in FIG. In the chord average octave detection circuit 24, the key code counter 26 is a key scanning circuit.
The counting operation is performed in synchronization with the key scanning counter included in the inside of 19, and the counting operation is performed according to the key scanning clock pulse φ and the synchronization pulse SY included in the timing signal TM. The synchronizing pulse SY is a pulse of one time slot width synchronized with the beginning of one cycle of the key scanning cycle as shown in FIG. 4, and the key scanning clock pulse φ is a pulse synchronized with each key scanning time slot. The key code counter 26 is reset in synchronization with the start of the key scanning cycle by the synchronizing pulse SY, and is counted up by each key scanning time slot by the key scanning clock pulse φ to indicate the key currently being scanned.
Output KC. Key code KC output from counter 26
The octave code OC indicating the octave is input to the latch circuit 27.

Three latch circuits 27, 28, 29 are connected in cascade, and their outputs are added by an adder 30. The output of the adder 30 is input to the latch circuit 31. Latch circuit 31 is a sync pulse SY
The output of the adder 30 is latched at the rising edge of. On the other hand, the latch circuits 27 to 29 are reset at the falling edge of the synchronizing pulse SY, and when the time division multiplexed key data KTDM is "1", they perform the latch operation respectively. When the key data KTDM is "1" indicating a key press, the key code KC indicating the key press is output from the key code counter 26, and the octave code OC is latched by the first latch circuit 27. Next, when the key data KTDM becomes "1" at another key scanning timing, the octave code OC of the first latch circuit 27 is latched by the second latch circuit 28, and the first latch circuit 27 receives it. Is the key code KC corresponding to this key scanning timing (output of counter 26)
Octave code OC of is latched. Furthermore, when the key data KTDM becomes "1" at another key scanning timing,
The octave code OC of the second latch circuit 28 is latched by the third latch circuit 29, the octave code OC of the first latch circuit 27 is latched by the second latch circuit 28, and the first latch circuit 27 The octave code OC from the key code counter 26 is latched. In this way, the octave code OC of the pressed key is sequentially latched by the first latch circuit 27 and shifted to the latch circuits 28, 29 of the next stage in the order of earlier key scanning timing. Finally, when one scanning cycle ends, the octave codes OC of the three keys having the latest key scanning timing among all the pressed keys are latched in the latch circuits 27 to 29. In this embodiment, scanning is performed in order from the high-pitched key, and the three pressed keys with the latest key scanning timing correspond to the low-pitched three keys of all the pressed keys. In general, a chord is specified by using a low-pitched side key, so that the 3-push key on the low-pitched side can be regarded as a chord designated key. Therefore, when one scanning cycle ends, the octave codes OC of the three chord specifying keys are latched by the respective latch circuits 27-29. For example, the keys F5, G3, E3, C
When 3 is pressed, the key data KTDM is generated in the order shown in FIG. 4, and finally the octave code OC of the three keys G3, E3, C3 (that is, the chord designating key) on the bass side is set in each latch circuit.
Latched at 27-29. The octave codes OC of these chord specifying keys are summed by the adder 30 and latched in the latch circuit 31 at the rising edge of the synchronizing pulse SY at the beginning of the next key scanning cycle. Immediately after that, each octave code of the latch circuits 27 to 29 is reset at the fall of the synchronizing pulse SY.

As described above, the total value of the octave code OC of the three chord specifying keys is latched in the latch circuit 31, and this is stored in the frequency division memory 32 in the address generator 23 as data corresponding to the average octave of the chord specifying key. Given. The frequency division number memory 32 stores in advance the frequency division number data corresponding to each value of the addition octave value for three keys, and the predetermined frequency division number is obtained according to the octave addition value data given from the latch circuit 31. Read the data. Variable frequency divider 33 is frequency division memory 32
The frequency division ratio is set according to the frequency division number data read from, and the basic clock frequency from the oscillator 34 is divided according to the frequency division ratio. The frequency division output pulse of the variable frequency divider 33 is given to the count input of the address counter 36 via the gate 35. In this way, the address counter 36 performs a counting operation at a rate according to the average octave range of the chord specifying key, and this count output is given to the resonance waveform memory 21 (FIG. 2) as address data.

As described above, the chord change detection circuit 25 is the root note data of the chord.
It is checked for each scanning cycle whether RT or the chord type data TP is different from that detected in the previous scanning cycle, and when a chord change is detected, a chord change detection pulse CHG is output. The chord change detection pulse CHG resets the contents of the address counter 36 to the initial address and sets the flip-flop 37. The gate 35 is opened by the set output "1" of the flip-flop 37, the divided output pulse is given to the counter 36, and the counting operation of the address counter 36 is started. The end address detection circuit 38 detects that the count value of the address counter 36 has reached a predetermined end address, and resets the flip-flop 37 based on this detection. This reset closes the gate 35 and stops the address counter 36.

Incidentally, as is well known, in the type in which chords are designated in the lower keyboard or a predetermined accompaniment keyboard range, the chord detection operation and the average octave detection by the detection circuits 22 and 24 are targeted for the keyboard or the keyboard range for the chord designation. Of course, the operation is performed.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the composite waveform data of the resonance tone is prepared corresponding to the chord, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it corresponds to the pitch group including a plurality of pitches that may be simultaneously pressed. Alternatively, the waveform data of the resonance sound may be prepared.

In each of the above embodiments, the resonance waveform memories 13 and 21 store the waveform sampled point amplitude data with envelopes of all the waveforms from the start to the end of the sound generation, but not limited to this, any data storage method May be used. For example, in the steady state, the waveform sample point amplitude data of the specific section may be stored and repeatedly read. Further, the amplitude envelope may be added by a separate envelope adding means. Also, memory 13,21
The data format to be stored in is not limited to the waveform sample point amplitude data format (PCM: pulse code modulation method in a broad sense), but DPCM (differential PCM) method, DM (delta modulation) method, APC
M (adaptive PCM) system, ADPCM (adaptive differential PCM) system, ADM
Any data format such as (adaptive delta modulation) method may be adopted. It goes without saying that the peripheral circuits of the memories 13 and 21 are slightly changed from those shown in the drawing.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, waveform data of a sound that resonates with a sound of each pitch group corresponding to each of a plurality of pitch groups, and is a musical sound generated by the musical sound signal generating means. Data of a waveform different from the waveform of the signal is stored in the resonance waveform storage means, which is selectively read out in correspondence with the specified pitch, and the resonance tone signal based on this is read as the musical sound of the originally specified pitch. Since the sound is generated along with the signal, it is possible to relatively easily generate musical tones with resonance and reverberation, and to easily add appropriate resonance to each pitch group and easily create a realistic resonance effect. It has an excellent effect that it can be realized by such a structure.

In particular, the resonance waveform storage means stores waveform data of sounds that resonate with the sounds of each pitch group and has a waveform different from the waveform of the tone signal generated by the tone signal generation means. Dedicated to it as a resonance sound,
Since the high-quality resonance waveform data can be generated, the high-quality resonance sound can be generated with a simple configuration, which is an excellent effect.

Further, since the resonance waveform storage means stores the high-quality resonance waveform data corresponding to each of the plurality of pitch groups, the resonance waveform data is stored as compared with the case where the resonance waveform data is stored corresponding to individual pitches. There is also an effect that the capacity can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electrical block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is an electrical block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed example of the chord average octave detection circuit and the address generator of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a circuit of FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example of a signal input to the. 10 ... keyboard, 12,20 ... ordinary tone signal generating means, 13,21 ... resonance waveform memory, 14 ... decoder for waveform selection, 15,23 ... address generator, 22 ... chord detection circuit, 24 ... chord average octave Detection circuit, 18 ... Resonance sound effect selection switch.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pitch designating means for designating a pitch of a musical tone, a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal according to a pitch designated by the pitch designating means, and a plurality of pitch groups. Resonant waveform storage means for storing the waveform data of the sounds that resonate with the sounds of each pitch group, the waveform data being different from the waveform of the tone signal generated by the tone signal generating means. A resonance waveform instruction means for instructing waveform data to be read out by the storage means in accordance with the pitch specified by the pitch specification means; an effect instruction means for instructing whether or not to apply an effect; When the effect giving is instructed by the effect instructing means,
A resonance sound generation control means for reading the waveform data instructed by the resonance waveform instructing means from the resonance waveform storage means, thereby generating a resonance sound signal corresponding to the designated pitch, and the effect instructing means When giving is instructed, in addition to the musical tone signal being generated from the musical tone signal generating means, the resonant tone generating control means generates the resonant tone signal corresponding to the designated pitch. An electronic musical instrument characterized by that. 2. A resonance tone signal generated based on the stored waveform of said resonance waveform storage means has a lower volume level and a longer decay time than the tone signal generated by said tone signal generation means. The electronic musical instrument according to item 1. 3. The resonance waveform storage means stores the waveform data corresponding to each chord, and the resonance waveform instructing means detects a chord based on a designated pitch in the pitch designating means, The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, which is for instructing waveform data to be read out from the resonance waveform storage means in accordance with the detected chord.