JPH06197887A - Blood collecting tube - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To completely congeal extracted blood by setting a pellet formed of particulate cores having a specific gravity which is intermediate between those of blood serums and blood corpuscles and having outer surfaces each formed thereon with a sticking layer made of a material in which a powder-like blood coagulant is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inactive binder, on the inner surface of a blood collecting tube. CONSTITUTION:A blood collecting tube 1 is composed of a plastic tube body 2 and an elastic cap 2a. A pellet 3 is set on the inner surface of the tube body 2. The pellet 3 is made of plastic materials, formed of small spherical cores 4 having a specific gravity which is intermediate between those of blood serums and blood corpuscles and having outer surfaces each covered thereover with a sticking layer 6 in which a fine powder-like blood coagulant 5 is dispersed in a binder which is water-soluble and is inactive to blood. The cores 4 preferably has a specific gravity of 1.04 to 1.055 and a particle size of 0.05 to 1.0mm, and is made of polystyrene, ABS resin or the like. The blood coagulant 5 is made of fine powder of glass or silica, and the binder is made of water-soluble silicone or polyethylene glycol or the like. Thereby it is possible to easily and surely congeal collected blood.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blood collection tube used for separating a blood sample into serum and blood clot by centrifugation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a blood test, the collected blood is centrifuged to separate it into serum and blood cell components (blood clots), but a blood sample must be sufficiently coagulated before centrifugation. If the coagulation is not sufficient, after centrifugation, blood cells will float up and enter the serum layer with a slight impact, or fibrin will be generated in the serum layer, which will interfere with the test using serum. Conventionally, in view of the speed and efficiency of blood tests,
Various materials and methods have been proposed for promoting the coagulation of blood samples. As a first method for promoting such blood coagulation, there is a method of putting glass powder in the bottom of a blood collection tube. This method requires extremely fine glass powder in order to have the effect of promoting blood coagulation and to obtain good dispersion in blood.

As a second method for promoting blood coagulation,
There is a method using a blood collection tube described in JP-B-59-6655. This blood collection tube is a plastic blood collection tube with an inner surface coated with a material in which a blood coagulation promoter, such as glass powder, is dispersed in a substance that does not easily adhere to blood components. At this time, the blood component mainly composed of the blood clot is contracted without adhering to the tube wall, and the blood coagulation is promoted like the glass blood collection tube.

As a third method for promoting blood coagulation,
There is a method using a blood collection tube described in JP-B-58-27933. This blood collection tube is a carrier having a specific gravity higher than that of blood cells, and a powdery blood coagulation promoter supported on the carrier through a serum-soluble binder.When blood is put into the blood collection tube, the binder is dissolved as it is dissolved. A blood coagulation promoter is dispersed in blood to obtain a coagulation promoting effect.

[0005]

However, these conventional techniques have the following problems. In the first method, the blood cells may be destroyed by the glass powder, and since the blood collection tube is a small amount of powder, if the blood collection tube is inverted or shaken before use, the powder adheres to the cap or the blood. There was a case where it adhered to the inner wall of the upper part of the blood collection tube that was not touched and could not be separated. In the second method, it takes time and effort to apply a material in which a blood coagulation promoter, such as glass powder, is dispersed in a substance that does not easily adhere to blood components to the blood collection tube or to dry the material, and It is necessary to shake the blood collection tube 5 to 6 times (mix by overturning) in order to make the traces of application dirty and impair the appearance, and to actually improve the dispersion of the coagulation accelerator after injecting blood. Furthermore, the third method uses a carrier having a higher specific gravity than that of blood, so that the dispersibility of the coagulation promoter is poor, and the carrier pushes the clot during centrifugation and destroys blood cells when reaching the bottom of the tube. May occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a blood collection tube capable of rapidly and reliably coagulating blood.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a powdery blood coagulation promoter is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inert binder on the surface of a granular core material having a specific gravity intermediate between serum and blood cells. A blood collection tube is characterized in that a pellet formed by forming an adhesion layer made of the selected material is housed in a tube body. Further, the particle diameter of the core material is 0.05 mm to 1.0 mm.
Is desirable.

[0008]

The above pellets are adhered to the surface of a granular core material having a specific gravity between serum and blood cells, which is made of a material in which a powdery blood coagulation promoter is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inert binder. Since a blood sample is injected into the blood collection tube, this pellet rises up and is evenly dispersed in the blood, and the binder in the adhesion layer on the surface of the pellet dissolves in the blood to form a powdered blood sample. The coagulation accelerator is released into the blood and is uniformly dispersed to promote the coagulation of the blood.
During centrifugation, the pellet core material gathers at the boundary between the separated serum and blood clot and does not hinder the separation of serum.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a blood collection tube according to the present invention. This blood collection tube 1 is configured by accommodating a granular pellet 3 containing a blood coagulation promoter in a plastic blood collection tube body 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the pellets 3 are aggregated and formed into a dumpling-like shape and attached to the bottom surface of the blood collection tube main body 2. However, the accommodation state of the pellets 3 is not limited to this, and a slight impact or tube The pellet 3 may be thinly attached to the bottom or inner wall of the tube so that the pellet 3 does not separate when inverted. A cap 2a is attached to the upper opening of the tube body 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pellet 3 has a surface of a plastic small spherical core 4 on which a fine powdery blood coagulation promoter 5 is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inert binder. It is configured by covering the adhesion layer 6 made of the above material. The core material 4 preferably has a specific gravity between serum and blood clot, that is, a specific gravity in the range of 1.04 to 1.055, and a particle size in the range of 0.05 mm to 1.0 mm.
When the specific gravity of the core material 4 is out of the above range, when the coagulated blood is centrifuged, the core material floats above the serum layer and hinders the sampling of serum, or it sediments below the blood clot layer. Press the blood clot and destroy the blood cells. When the specific gravity of the core material 4 is within the above range, the pellet 3 is uniformly dispersed in blood during blood injection, and the core material 4 is placed between the serum layer and the blood clot layer when the coagulated blood is centrifuged. Gather.
As a material having such a specific gravity, polystyrene resin, ABS resin, or the like, and a material in which a specific gravity is adjusted by mixing a filler with polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like can be used. When the particle diameter of the core material 4 is smaller than 0.05 mm, the pellets are likely to aggregate with each other, which makes it difficult to disperse the blood when it is injected. There is a risk that it will not come into contact with the cap or the inner wall surface of the upper part of the pipe body that does not come into contact with it and will not fall. On the other hand, when the particle diameter of the core material 4 is larger than 1.0 mm, the dispersibility in blood deteriorates.

The adhesion layer 6 formed on the surface of the core material 4 is made of a material in which a fine powdery blood coagulation promoter 5 is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inert binder. As the blood coagulation promoter 5, fine powder of inorganic material such as glass fine powder, silica fine powder and diatomaceous earth is preferably used. As the binder, water-soluble silicone, polyethylene glycol, dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. are preferably used.

The pellet 3 is dissolved, for example, by adding a solvent such as ethanol to a binder, adding a blood coagulation accelerating agent to the solution and uniformly dispersing it, and immersing the core material in the solution to dry it. Can be easily manufactured. The amount of blood coagulation promoter adhering to the pellet and the amount of pellets accommodated in each blood collection tube are not particularly limited, but the amount of blood coagulation promoter added per blood collection tube is about 1 to 5 mg. The capacity of each pellet is 0.05-0.5
It is desirable to set it to be about g.

FIGS. 3 to 6 are for explaining a blood separating operation using the blood collection tube 1 having the pellet 3. As shown in FIG. 3, when the collected blood is injected into the tube body 2 of the blood collection tube 1 with the cap removed, the pellet 3 accommodated in the tube body 2 is dispersed in the blood 7 as if it were rising. . Then, as shown in FIG.
The pellet 3 is dispersed in the infused blood 7 and the binder contained in the adhesive layer 6 on the surface of the pellet 3 is dissolved into the blood 7 to form the blood coagulation promoter 5 in the adhesive layer 6.
Are released into the blood 7 and are evenly dispersed in the whole area of the blood 7 by the turbulent flow when the blood 7 is injected. Therefore, in order to disperse the blood coagulation promoting agent 5 uniformly, the blood coagulation promoting agent 5 is extremely evenly dispersed only by injecting the blood 7 into the tube body 2 without inverting or mixing the blood collection tube. It becomes possible.

Then, the tube body 2 is allowed to stand still to coagulate the blood 7. The coagulation of blood occurs more quickly because the blood coagulation promoter 5 is uniformly dispersed in all areas of the blood, and the blood coagulates as shown in FIG. 5, so that the serum 8 and the blood clot 9 are easily formed. It becomes separable. Then, by centrifuging this, the serum 8 and the blood clot 9 are completely separated as shown in FIG. At that time, since the core material 4 which is the rest of the pellet 3 has a specific gravity intermediate between the serum and the blood clot, it gathers in the intermediate between the serum 8 and the blood clot 9 and hinders the sampling of the serum 8. It does not become.

(Experimental example) The main body of the blood collection tube was made of polypropylene and had a capacity of 10 ml. Blood coagulation promoters
High-purity synthetic spherical silica (manufactured by Tatsumori Co., Ltd. Admafine SO-C3, average particle size 0.85 μm) was used. Polyethylene glycol # 300 was used as the binder. Pellet core material is polystyrene pellets (MS
-171 specific gravity of 1.05 and a particle size of 0.4 to 0.2 mm) were used. 10 g of silica, 25 g of polyethylene glycol,
A liquid was prepared by mixing 465 g of ethanol, and 750 g of the core material was put into this liquid. It was dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for about 20 minutes and ethanol was scattered to prepare pellets. If you put a small amount of this pellet in a glass blood collection tube and inject water little by little along the tube wall, the pellets that had aggregated in a dumpling at the bottom of the tube were very easily separated into individual pellets, and the water flowed up into the water. It was observed that the silica adhering to the pellet rapidly dispersed in water.

0.26 g of the above pellet was weighed and placed in a polypropylene blood collection tube. It is calculated that about 3 mg of silica is attached to the pellet of 0.23 g. The pellets put in the blood collection tube adhered to each other in a dumpling-like manner at the bottom of the tube and were stable without shaking even when the tube was swung. 7 ml of blood was injected into the blood collection tube containing the pellet. Observation 2 hours after the blood injection revealed that the coagulation was sufficient and the clot was degenerated. Then this is 1000
After centrifugation for G × 10 minutes, serum and blood clot were completely separated. The centrifuged serum was stirred with a small spoon to examine the presence or absence of fibrin generation. It was confirmed that fibrin did not occur in the serum and blood coagulation was complete.

Comparative Example About 7 ml of blood was injected into the same polypropylene blood collection tube as in the experimental example. However, in this comparative example, the blood collection tube was not subjected to coagulation accelerating treatment. When it was left for 2 hours and then centrifuged at 1000 G for 10 minutes, it was once separated into serum and blood clot, but filamentous fibrin was found in the serum. Also, the clot layer is not completely coagulated,
A large amount of liquid blood cells remained. Furthermore, the fibrin was removed from the serum, transferred to a small glass container, and stirred with a spoon to generate fibrin, which was entangled in the spoon.

[0018]

As described above, in the blood collection tube of the present invention, a powdery blood coagulation promoter is water-soluble and is formed on the surface of a granular core material made of a material having a specific gravity intermediate between serum and blood cells. A pellet formed by forming an adhesion layer of a material dispersed in a binder inert to blood is present on the inner wall of the tube body, so when a blood sample is injected into this blood collection tube, this pellet becomes uniform in the blood. , The binder in the adhesion layer on the pellet surface is dissolved in blood, and the powdery blood coagulation promoter is released into the blood and evenly dispersed, promoting blood coagulation and completely completing in a short time. Can perform blood coagulation. Therefore, in the blood collection tube of the present invention, the blood coagulation promoter can be uniformly dispersed just by injecting blood, and it is easy to handle, and further, blood coagulation can be completely and surely performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a blood collection tube of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view in which a pellet used in the same blood collection tube is partially sectioned.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the blood separation operation of the blood collection tube of the present invention, and is a schematic view showing a blood injection state.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state after completion of blood injection.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a coagulation completion state.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state where centrifugation has been completed.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Blood collection tube, 2 ... Tube body, 3 ... Pellet, 4 ...
Core material, 5 ... Blood coagulation promoter, 6 ... Adhesive layer, 7 ... Blood, 8 ... Serum, 9 ... Blood clot.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An adhesion layer made of a material in which a powdery blood coagulation promoter is dispersed in a water-soluble and blood-inactive binder on the surface of a granular core material having a specific gravity intermediate between serum and blood cells. A blood collection tube in which the formed pellet is present on the inner wall of the tube body. 2. The particle size of the core material is 0.05 mm to 1.0 m.
The blood collection tube according to claim 1, wherein the blood collection tube is m.