JPH0612288B2 - Automatic metering and feeding device for powdery and granular materials such as rice by micro-computer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention automatically supplies a set weight of powdered or granular material such as rice by a microcomputer so that the set weight falls within a set range in a shortest time. The present invention relates to a device for automatically measuring and supplying powdery and granular materials such as rice by means of a microcomputer.

(Prior art) In the automatic weighing of powdered and granular materials such as rice, the powdered and granular materials are supplied to the weighing hopper in several stages by gradually reducing the supply amount per unit time, and A method is generally practiced in which both a time and a weight are controlled to supply a set weight of powder and granular material to a weighing hopper.

In this case, for example, when switching from the large supply with the largest supply amount to the medium supply, or when switching from the medium supply to the small supply with the smallest supply amount, immediately after the switching, the predetermined amount of the granular material supplied immediately before is measured. It has not reached the hopper yet and is still in the air.

In the conventional automatic weighing of powder and granules, the time and weight of multiple supply states with different supply amounts per unit time are controlled, so the state of the flow of powder and granules supplied from the gate to the weighing hopper is controlled. There is no problem if it is always constant, but in reality, the flow state of the granular material is various factors, such as the type of granular material, surface shape of granular material, weather conditions, remaining granular material in the tank. It can be said that they all differ depending on the amount, the method of opening and closing the gate, and even the same kind of powdered or granular material depending on the location in the tank where it is stored. Therefore, immediately after the switching, the amount of the powdery or granular material supplied immediately before that has not yet reached the weighing hopper and is present in the air depends on each of the above-mentioned elements.

Therefore, it is not possible to constantly supply a certain weight of powdery or granular material only by controlling the time and weight in a plurality of supply states in which the supply amount per unit time is different.

In order to eliminate this, by mechanically raising and lowering the gate according to the type of powder or granular material to be weighed and adjusting the distance between the gate and the weighing hopper, the powder or granular material supplied immediately before switching I am adjusting the amount that is present in, but it is not possible to do a complete weighing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method of supplying powdery or granular material such as rice in three stages of large supply, medium supply, and small supply. The determination of the suitability of a large supply time and the correction in the case of an inappropriate supply are automatically calculated by a microcomputer based on a plurality of factors including at least the fixed set weight and the medium supply time for each supply. The purpose of this is to automatically measure powdery particles in the shortest time without requiring the operation of raising and lowering the gate, which has been performed by the method.

(Means for Solving Problems) In the present invention, the supply amount of powdered or granular material such as rice to be supplied to the weighing hopper up to a fixed set weight per unit time is changed from large supply to medium supply to small supply in three stages. To sequentially adjust the powder and granular material supply amount adjusting means, a measuring means for measuring the weight of the powder and granular material supplied to the weighing hopper, and a medium supply time corresponding to the medium supply of the powder and granular material. A supply time measuring means for, and when the supply amount of the powdery or granular material to the weighing hopper becomes larger than the weight obtained by subtracting the preset weight before the fixed amount from the fixed weight, the medium supply is switched to the small supply. When the supply amount of the powdery or granular material to the measuring hopper is switched to a small supply for generating a signal, and the amount of the powdered or granular material supplied to the weighing hopper is larger than the weight obtained by subtracting the drop correction weight from the fixed weight, the small supply stop A small supply stop signal generating means for generating a stop signal, and a signal for discharging the powdery or granular material from the weighing hopper when the weight of the powdery or granular material supplied to the weighing hopper is within a set range. A powder particle of a rice or the like by a microcomputer provided with a payout signal generating means for, and a means for setting a large supply time corresponding to the large supply, the quantitative set weight, the pre-quantified preset weight, and the drop correction weight, respectively. In the automatic metering / feeding device for objects, when the medium supply time is shorter than a predetermined value, the large supply time is reduced by performing an arithmetic operation based on a predetermined formula, and conversely, the medium supply time is set to a predetermined value from the predetermined value. When the fixed set weight is longer than a large value and is equal to or larger than a predetermined value, the predetermined supply weight is calculated based on a predetermined formula to increase the large supply time. That an automatic metering device of granular material such as rice by the microcomputer.

(Example) Hereinafter, a case where rice is automatically measured will be described as an example of a powdery or granular material.

As shown in FIG. 1, a gate 2 for supplying rice to the weighing hopper 1 is provided on the upper portion of the weighing hopper 1, and the rice supplied to the weighing hopper 1 is a weighing machine 3 using a load cell. Is to be weighed by.
The gate 2 is provided with a rice supply amount adjusting device 6 for adjusting the rice supply amount by changing the opening / closing amount according to the movement of the rods 5 of the large supply and medium supply air cylinders 4a, 4b connected to each other. ing. Weighing hopper 1
Inside, there is provided a vibration feeder 7 for feeding rice by vibrating action during small feeding. A dispensing chute 9 for dispensing rice in the weighing hopper 1 by the action of the air cylinder 8 after weighing is provided at the bottom of the weighing hopper 1.

The fine adjustment of the rice supply amount by the rice supply amount adjusting device 6 and the payout of the rice in the weighing hopper 1 are controlled by the microcomputer 20.

The microcomputer 20 mainly includes a microprocessor (central processing unit) 21, a memory (storage device) 22,
An interface (input / output signal processing device) 23.

This interface 23 has a set weight (W ₀ ) which is a target weight for weighing, a large supply time (T ₀ ) which is a time required for a large supply, and a preset weight (W) of a rice which is supplied only by a small supply (W ₀ ). _B), fall compensation weight is the weight of rice to be supplied to the weighing hopper 1 and falls after stopping the small supply (W _D), is the weight of rice to be supplied to the metering hopper 1 for each feed stage Each information of the actual weight (W ₁ , W ₂ , W _F ), the medium supply time (T ₁ ) which is the supply time by the medium supply, and the small supply time (T ₂ ) which is the supply time by the small supply are respectively input. . The interrelationship of each of these elements is shown in FIG.

Each of these pieces of information is calculated in the microcomputer 20, a signal for switching the rice supply from the medium supply to the small supply is output, and the rice supply amount adjusting device 6 is adjusted in response to the instruction from the switching signal generating means 24. The supply of rice into the weighing hopper 1 is configured to be switched from medium supply to small supply, and a signal for stopping the small supply of rice is output. The vibration feeder 7 is configured to stop in response to a command, and further outputs a signal for paying out rice in the weighing hopper 1, and receives the command from the payout signal generating means 26 to operate the air cylinder 8. The rice in the weighing hopper 1 is dispensed.

A program for executing each control described above is stored in the memory 22.
FIG. 3 shows this program in a flow chart. In the figure, P _{1 to} P ₇₂ indicate the steps of the flowchart.

First, in FIG. 3 (a), a large supply time T ₀ , a preset weight W _E before quantification, and a head correction weight W ₀ according to the quantitative set weight W _0
D is initialized, and the weighing range that should be allowed for the fixed set weight W ₀ and the zero range that is the allowable weight of rice adhering to the weighing hopper 1 after being dispensed are set in advance (step P ₁ , P ₂ ).

When the signal for a large supply and the small supply is transmitted (Step P _3), the opening amount of the gate 2 both operate large supply air cylinders 4a and medium supply air cylinder 4b is maximized At the same time, the vibration supply device 7 is operated to perform both the large supply and the small supply (step P ₄ ), and when the initially set large supply time T ₀ has elapsed (step P ₅ ), the large supply is stopped (step P ₄ ). P ₆ ). Immediately after the large supply is stopped, a signal for medium supply is transmitted, and when the supply time measuring means 27 starts measuring the medium supply time (step P ₇ , only the medium supply air cylinder 4b is in the activated state). Then, the opening amount of the gate 2 becomes small and the medium supply is performed (step P ₈ ).

Medium feed embodiment is started after the elapse of a predetermined mask time t _1, to determine whether the supply amount W ₁ of rice into the metering hopper 1 has reached (W ₀ -W _B) by a metering device 3 (Step P ₉ ), and if not reached, continue medium supply.
Further, the amount W ₁ of rice supplied to the weighing hopper 1 is (W ₀ −
If you have reached the W _E), the micro computer 2
When 0, the switching signal generating means 24 operates to generate a signal for switching the rice supply from the medium supply to the small supply, and this signal stops the operation of the medium supply air cylinder 4b and the gate 2 is completely closed. The supply time measurement is stopped, the medium supply time T ₁ is calculated, and the small supply time measurement is started (step P ₁₀ ).

After the middle supply is stopped and a predetermined mask time t ₂ has elapsed,
The amount W ₂ of rice supplied to the weighing hopper 1 is measured by the measuring device 3 by the measuring device 3 (step P ₁₁ ), and it is determined whether or not the supplied amount W ₂ reaches (W ₀ −W _D ). Step P
₁₂ ) If not, continue small supply. Also,
When the supply amount W ₂ of the rice into the metering hopper 1 has reached (W ₀ -W _D), a signal small supply stop signal generating means 25 stops the to small supply operation by the microcomputer 20 is generated Then, the vibration supply device 7 is stopped by this signal to stop the small supply, and the supply time measuring means 2
Since the measurement of the small supply time by 7 is stopped, the small supply time T ₂
Is calculated (step P ₁₃ ).

After the small supply is stopped, the amount of rice supplied W _F to the weighing hopper 1 is measured by the measuring device 3 by the measuring device 3 (step P ₁₄ ), and whether or not this supply amount W _F is within the initially set measuring range. Is determined (step P ₁₅ ), and if it is present, the payout signal generating means 26 generates a payout signal, whereby the rice in the weighing hopper 1 is paid out (step P ₁₆ ). If the supply amount W _F is not within the initially set measurement range, the cause will be investigated by the program described later.

FIG. 3B shows a flow chart of the large supply time correction means A executed after the rice in the weighing hopper 1 is paid out. The large supply time correction means A is a fixed set weight W.
A program that determines whether the large supply time T ₀ is appropriate or not by two factors of ₀ and the medium supply time T ₁ for each supply, and corrects the large supply time T ₀ by calculation when it is inappropriate. is there.

In the following cases, the large supply time T ₀ is appropriate, so the large supply time T ₀ is not corrected.

(1) Irrespective of W ₀ , if 1.6 seconds ≤ T ₁ <2.5 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₃₄ ) (2) If W ₀ <2 kg and T ₁ ≥ 2.5 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁₎ ) (3) When W ₀ ≧ 5 kg and T ₁ > 20 seconds (step P
₍₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₃ ) (4) 2kg ≤ W ₀ <5kg and 2.5 seconds ≤ T ₁ <3.5 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₈ ) (5) 2kg When ≤W ₀ <5 kg and T ₁ > 20 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₈ , P ₂₉ ), T ₁ > 20
In the case of seconds, it is judged that there is a mechanical failure or a shortage of rice, and the large supply time T ₀ is not corrected.

In the following cases, the medium supply time T ₁ is too long, so
The large supply time T calculated by the formula shown in each step
Increase ₀ .

(1) If W ₀ ≧ 5 kg and 3.5 seconds ≦ T ₁ ≦ 20 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₃ , P ₂₄ , P ₂₅ , P ₂₆ ) (2) If W ₀ ≧ 5 kg Moreover, 2.5 seconds ≤ T ₁ <3.5 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₃ , P ₂₄ , P ₂₇ ) (3) 2 kg ≤ W ₀ <5 kg and 3.5 seconds ≤ T ₁ <4.5 seconds (Steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₈ , P ₂₉ , P ₃₀ , P
₃₃ ) (4) 2 kg ≤ W ₀ <5 kg and 4.5 seconds ≤ T ₁ ≤ 20 seconds (steps P ₂₀ , P ₂₁ , P ₂₂ , P ₂₈ , P ₂₉ , P ₃₀ , P ₃₁ , P).
₃₂ ) Further, when T ₁ <1.6 seconds, the medium supply time T ₁ is too short, and therefore the large supply time T ₀ is reduced by calculating by the formula shown in step P ₃₅ (steps P ₂₀ , P ₃₄ , P
₃₅ ).

Figure 3 (c) to the large feed time T ₀ of the appropriateness of judgment, as well as the flow chart of preliminary value setting weight correction means B if unsuitable to run after the large feed time T fix ₀ by calculation shows This pre-quantity setting weight correction means B
Is a program for judging the suitability of the preset weight W _B by the small supply time T _{2 for} each supply, and correcting the preset weight W _B by calculation if it is inappropriate. It looks like this:

(1) If 2.3 seconds <T ₂ ≤ 3.5 seconds, set weight before pre-determination W _B
Is correct and is not changed (step P ₄₀ ,
P ₄₂ ).

(2) In the case of T ₂ > 3.5 seconds, the short supply time T ₂ is too long, and therefore the preset weight W _B is reduced by calculation by the formula shown in step P ₄₁ (steps P ₄₀ , P ₄₁ ).

(3) In the case of 1.3 seconds <T ₂ ≦ 2.3 seconds, the short supply time T _{2 is} too short, and therefore the preset weight W _B is increased by calculation by the formula shown in step P ₄₄ (step P ₄₀ ,
_{P 42, P 43, P 44} ).

(4) Even in the case of T ₂ ≦ 1.3 seconds, the short supply time T ₂ is too short, and therefore the calculation is made by the mathematical formula shown in Step P ₄₅ to judge the suitability of the preset weight W _B before determination, and when it is inappropriate. Shows a flow chart of the head-corrected weight correction means C which is executed after the pre-quantity set weight W _B is corrected by calculation. The head-corrected weight correction means C depends on the small supply time T _{2 for} each supply. It is a program for determining whether or not the correction is necessary, and when the correction is necessary, correcting the head correction weight W _D by the average value of the rice supply amount to the weighing hopper 1 for five times.

That is, when T ₂ ≦ 1.3 seconds, the correction of the fall correction weight W _D is unnecessary (step P ₅₀ ).

If T ₂ > 1.3 seconds, weigh hopper 1 after stopping small supply
The amount W _{F of} rice supplied to the plant is integrated five times, and the difference between the average value W _{T ′} of the five times supply amount and the set weight W ₀ (W _{T ′} −W ₀ ).
= W D _'calculates, this W _D' is corrected by calculating a new fall compensation weight W _D by adding the original fall compensation weight W _D (step P ₅₀ ~P _56). Also, rice supply W _F
After integrating 5 times, 5 times of the number of weight measurement and supply amount W _F
The cumulative value W _T is reset to zero (step P ₅₇ ).

If the number of weight measurements is less than 5, the fall correction weight W _D is not corrected (step P ₅₃ ).

As for P ₅₈ and P ₅₉ , as a result of measuring the weight of the weighing hopper 1 after dispensing with the weighing device 3, if it is in the zero range, the next weighing is continuously performed, and if it deviates from the zero range. Is a step indicating that the weighing is stopped.

In Fig. 3 (e), if the supply amount W _{F of} rice supplied to the weighing hopper 1 after the stop of the small supply is not within the initially set weighing range, the cause is investigated by the following program. .

First, when T ₁ (medium supply time) ≦ 1.5 seconds, only the large supply time T ₀ is corrected (steps P ₆₀ , P ₆₁ , P ₆₂ ). In this case B = a _{(W F -W 0) / 300} , to correct a large supply time (T ₀ -0.025B), if the _{(W F -W 0)> 0} , i.e., the final rice supply amount W _F is greater than quantitative set weight W ₀ of the same time is shortened is determined that a large supply time T ₀ too long when excessively supplied, (W _F -
If W ₀ ) <0, the large supply time T ₀ is too short, and it is determined that the fixed set weight W ₀ has not been reached, and this is increased.

If 1.5 seconds <T ₁ (medium supply time) <1.6 seconds, it is determined that the large supply time T ₀ is too long.
_The large supply time T ₀ is calculated by the equation shown in ₆₄ (steps P ₆₀ , P ₆₃ , P ₆₄ ), and when T ₁ ≧ 1.6 seconds, the large supply time T ₀ is decided to be appropriate. As it is, it is not modified as set.

When T ₁ ≧ 1.6 seconds, the large supply time T ₀ is not corrected,
It is judged whether T ₂ (small supply time)> 1.3 seconds or T ₂ ≦ 1.3 seconds (step P ₆₅ ), and in the former case, before quantitative determination by the formulas shown in steps P _{66 to} P _68. The set weight W _B and / or the fall correction weight W _D are corrected, and in the latter case, the pre-quantity set weight W _B is corrected by the formula shown in step P ₆₉ .

Then, the integrated value W _{T of} the weight measurement number C and the supply amount W _F is returned to zero (step P ₇₀ ), the weighing is stopped, and the weighing hopper 1
The remaining rice in the rice is paid out (Step P ₇₁ ,
P ₇₂ ), perform the next measurement.

In addition, although the above-mentioned embodiment explained the case where rice was automatically weighed as an example of the granular material, it is also possible to automatically weigh grains such as beans, feed and the like.

(Effects) The present invention determines whether or not a large supply time is appropriate, and in the case of inappropriate supply, in the case of supplying powdery or granular material such as rice and the like, large supply, medium supply, and small supply in three stages. By automatically calculating the correction by a microcomputer based on a plurality of factors including at least the fixed set weight and the medium supply time for each supply, it is possible to freely correspond to a wide fixed set weight. It is possible to automatically measure powdery and granular materials such as rice so that it can be set within the set plate in the shortest time without the need for raising and lowering the gate, which was required for different sizes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an automatic metering and feeding device according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 (a) is a diagram showing the relationship between each supply state of large supply, medium supply, and small supply and their supply time T ₀ , T ₁ , T _2, and FIG. ₂ (b) shows a fixed set weight. W ₀ , preset weight W _B
And FIG. 3 (a) showing the relationship with the fall correction weight W _D
7A to 7E are flowcharts for executing the present invention by the microcomputer. (Description of main parts of the code) A: Large supply time correcting means B: Quantitative Before setting the weight correction means C: fall compensation weight modifying means W _0: Quantitative set weight W _B: Quantitative Before setting the weight W _D: fall compensation weight T ₀ : Large supply time T ₁ : Medium supply time T ₂ : Small supply time 1: Measuring hopper 2: Gate 3: Measuring device (measuring means) 6: Rice supply amount adjusting device (powder and granular material supply amount adjusting means) 7: Vibration feeder 20: Microcomputer 21: Microprocessor 22: Memory 23: Interface 24: Switching signal generating means 25: Small supply stop signal generating means 26: Dispensing signal generating means 27: Supply time measuring means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A supply amount of powdery or granular material such as rice or the like, which is supplied to a weighing hopper up to a fixed set weight per unit time, which is sequentially adjusted in three stages from large supply to medium supply to small supply. Adjusting means, measuring means for measuring the weight of the powder or granular material supplied to the measuring hopper, supply time measuring means for measuring the medium supply time corresponding to the medium supply of the powder or granular material, When the supply amount of the powdery or granular material to the weighing hopper becomes larger than the weight obtained by subtracting the preset weight from the fixed set weight, to the small supply for generating the switching signal from the medium supply to the small supply. Switching signal generating means and a small supply for generating the small supply stop signal when the amount of powdered or granular material supplied to the weighing hopper becomes larger than the weight obtained by subtracting the drop correction weight from the fixed weight. Stop signal generating means, a payout signal generating means for generating a signal for paying out the granular material from the weighing hopper when the weight of the granular material supplied to the weighing hopper is within a set range, and A large supply time corresponding to a large supply, the quantitative set weight, the preset weight before quantitative determination and means for setting the drop correction weight, respectively, in the automatic metering and feeding device for powdery and granular materials such as rice by a microcomputer, When the medium supply time is shorter than a predetermined value, the large supply time is reduced by calculation based on a predetermined formula, and conversely, the medium supply time is longer than the predetermined value by a constant value and the fixed set weight. Is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the microcomputer is configured to increase the large supply time by performing calculation based on a predetermined formula. Automatic metering device of granular material such as rice.