JPH0422758B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] This invention provides a method for diving underwater without using propulsion power.
It concerns an unpowered submersible that surfaces.

[Conventional technology]

When investigating the distribution of water temperature, salinity, pollution degree, etc. in the depth direction of the ocean, as well as crustal deformation on the ocean floor (such as submarine volcanic activity) based on underwater acoustics, a submersible equipped with various measuring instruments is submerged underwater.・A method is used to continuously measure various data in the water depth direction while floating.

The above-mentioned submarine includes a towed type that descends and surfaces by operating hydrofoils while being towed by a mother ship;
There are non-towed submersibles that descend and surface on their own, but towed submersibles can only descend to a depth of approximately 200 meters due to limitations on the length of the tow rope. There is also the problem that large-scale towing equipment such as cranes and winches must be mounted on the mother ship to tow the submersible, so a non-towing type that can descend and surface on its own is advantageous in this respect. It is.

Conventionally, these non-towed submersibles have two types: those that are propelled by propulsion devices such as thrusters and descend and surface by operating hydrofoils, and those that descend and surface without power using ballast. There are two types of ballast, and those that use ballast include those that descend carrying iron ballast, discard the ballast, and surface, and those that pour water into the ballast tank, descend, and drain the ballast water using a pump. It is thought to be of the floating type.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, among the various types of submersibles mentioned above, those that descend and surface by being propelled by a propeller have a considerable cruising distance, as their cruising distance is determined by the capacity of the battery installed as a power source for the propeller. It is not possible to explore deep waters without carrying a large-capacity battery, and the propeller generates acoustic noise, so when measuring underwater sound, the measuring instrument also picks up the noise generated by the propeller. It also has the problem of getting hot. On the other hand, those that use ballast can descend and surface without power due to the difference in specific gravity with seawater, so they can explore considerably deeper waters, and because they do not have a propulsion device, they are noisy with acoustic noise. However, those that use iron ballast have the problem of high costs because the iron ballast must be discarded every time they descend or ascend. In addition, for those that use water ballast, there is no ballast cost at all because water is used as ballast, but a large-capacity, high-pressure pump and its driving battery are required to drain the ballast water from the ballast tank. Therefore, there is a problem in that the ballast water drainage system is expensive and the price of the submersible is high.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to descend and surface using water ballast, which does not use propulsion power and is inexpensive. ,
To provide a non-powered submersible capable of draining ballast water without using a pump.

[Means to solve problems]

The non-powered submarine of this invention has a main wing that generates lift in the opposite direction to descent and ascent, and a vertical and horizontal stabilizer that can be steered. Divided into upper and lower parts by a diaphragm,
In addition, a weight change tank is provided with an inlet and a drain at the bottom, and an air supply port and an exhaust port with a valve at the top, and a high-pressure gas is generated by combustion of gunpowder or liquefied flammable gas. A gas generator capable of generating gas multiple times, which supplies gas into the tank from its air supply port; Steering the vertical and horizontal stabilizers; opening/closing a valve at the exhaust port of the weight change tank; and controlling the gas supply. The present invention is characterized by comprising: a control device for controlling the operation of the generator;

[Effect]

That is, when descending, the non-powered submersible of the present invention opens the valve at the exhaust port at the top of the tank and injects water into the tank from the water inlet at the bottom, thereby sealing the flexible diaphragm in the tank with water pressure. Push it up, fill the tank with ballast water, and descend.
During surfacing, by operating the gas generator with the exhaust valve at the top of the tank closed, high-pressure gas is generated by combustion of gunpowder or liquefied flammable gas, and this high-pressure gas is pumped into the tank. The ballast water in the tank is fed through the air supply port at the top, and the flexible diaphragm is pushed down by the gas pressure, and the ballast water in the tank is drained from the inlet, thereby filling the tank with gas and floating. According to this non-powered submersible, although it descends and ascends using inexpensive water ballast without using propulsion power, the ballast water is drained during surfacing without using a pump. Therefore, the cost of ballast water drainage equipment can be reduced and the price of the submersible can be lowered. Moreover,
In this invention, a main wing that generates lift in the opposite direction to descent and ascent to the main body of the submersible;
Because it is equipped with a steerable vertical stabilizer and horizontal stabilizer, similar to non-powered aircraft, the main wings can convert descent and surfacing forces into propulsive force, allowing the submersible to move forward while Descending diagonally
By steering the horizontal stabilizer and changing the vertical direction of the submersible, the ratio of the descending and surfacing force to the propulsive force obtained by the main wings can be changed. In addition to arbitrarily changing the descent angle and ascent angle of the submersible, the lateral direction of the submersible can also be arbitrarily changed by steering the vertical tail and changing the lateral direction of the submersible. It is possible to descend and ascend in various progression patterns.

Furthermore, in this invention, since the gas generator is capable of generating gas multiple times, by repeatedly pouring water into the weight change tank and draining water by supplying gas, the submersible can descend and ascend multiple times. can be repeated continuously.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the structure of the entire submersible will be explained. In FIGS. 6 and 7, 10 is the main body of the submersible.
This submersible body 10 has a cylindrical fuselage 11 with streamlined front and rear ends, main wings 12 on both sides of the middle part, and a vertical stabilizer 1 on the rear end of the fuselage 11.
3, 13 and horizontal stabilizer 14, 14,
The main wings 12, 12 are fixed wings, and the vertical tail 13,
13 and the horizontal stabilizers 14, 14 are movable wings that are steered by a steering device (not shown, but provided within the fuselage 11). The main wing 12,1
Similar to the main wings of a non-powered aircraft, the main wings 12, 12 generate upward lift when the submersible plane descends, and generate downward lift force when the submersible plane surfaces. has a sweepback angle to provide rolling stability. On the other hand, the vertical stabilizers 13, 13 provide stability to the submersible and allow it to change direction, and the submersible is adapted to change its lateral direction by steering the vertical stabilizers 13, 13. Also, the horizontal stabilizer 14, 14
The horizontal stabilizer 14,
It is designed to change its direction vertically by steering 4. This submersible is approximately 7m long and approximately 7m wide.
It measures 3.5m and has a body diameter of approximately 0.7m.

Further, in the fuselage 11 of the main body 10 of the submersible, there is a power supply device 15 which uses a battery as a power source in the middle part thereof.
A control device 16 including a data recording section, a data transmitting/receiving section, and a program storage section, and a navigation sensor 17
Further, sea sensors 18a and 18b are provided at the front and rear ends of the fuselage 11, respectively.
is provided. The navigation sensor 17 continuously detects navigation data such as the compass direction, gyro attitude angle, diving depth, and speed of the submersible, and sequentially sends this navigation data to the control device 16. Vertical stabilizers 13, 13 and horizontal stabilizer 1 based on navigation data from sensor 17
By controlling the steering devices 4 and 14, the direction and attitude of the submersible are controlled in accordance with the descent and ascent programs stored in the program storage section. In addition, the sea sensor 18
Of the sea sensors a and 18b, the front sea sensor 18a
continuously measures oceanographic data such as seawater temperature, salinity, pollution degree, etc., and uses the oceanographic sensor 18b on the rear side.
The system continuously measures oceanographic data such as underwater acoustics, and the oceanographic data measured by each of the oceanographic sensors 18a and 18b is sequentially sent to the control device 16 and stored in its data recording unit along with the navigation data. The navigation data and oceanographic data stored in this data recording section are sent to the data transmitting/receiving section and transmitted to the mother ship when the submersible rises to the surface of the sea. Reference numeral 19 denotes a transmitting/receiving antenna, and this antenna 19 is housed within the submersible body 11 during diving, and is protruded when floating to perform transmitting/receiving with the mother ship.

Further, 20, 20 is the body 11 of the main body 10 of the submersible.
There are a pair of front and rear weight change tanks installed inside the body.The front tank 20 is installed between the middle part and the front end of the fuselage 11, and the rear tank 20 is installed between the middle part and the rear end of the fuselage 11. It is installed between the In addition, the weight change tank 20, 2 before and after this
All 0's have the same structure. The structure of the weight change tanks 20, 20 is as follows:
To explain, this weight change tank 20
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tank 20 consists of a pressure-resistant container with a closed structure in which both ends of a cylinder are closed with spherical end plates. A sex diaphragm 21 is provided. This diaphragm 21 is made of an airtight and heat-resistant sheet material, and the diaphragm 21 has a slack along the inner surface of the upper or lower half of the tank 20, and the entire outer periphery of the diaphragm 21 extends around the inner surface of the tank. It is fixed airtight at a mid-height.

In addition, on the lower surface of the tank 20, there are provided water inlet ports 22, 22 on both ends thereof, and a solenoid valve 2 for inlet and drain water is provided in each of the inlet and water ports 22, 22.
Inlet and outlet pipes 23 and 23 equipped with 4 are connected. The filling and draining pipes 23, 23 protrude outside the body 11 from the lower surface thereof, and the filling and draining pipes 23,
The tip side of 23 is bent toward the rear of the main body 10 of the submersible. The electromagnetic valve 24, 2 for water injection and drainage
4 is opened by a command from the control device 16 when injecting seawater into the tank 20 and when draining seawater, that is, ballast water, in the tank 20, and is closed after completion of water injection and completion of draining. The seawater injected into the tank 20 from the inlet/outlet ports 22, 22 is injected under the diaphragm 21 and is filled into the tank 20 while pushing up the diaphragm 21 by water pressure. Note that FIGS. 1 and 2 show a state in which water has been poured into the tank 20, and the diaphragm 21 has been pushed up by water pressure along the inner surface of the upper half of the tank. Water is poured into the weight change tank 20 when the submersible is lowered into the sea.
20 at the same time.

In addition, the upper surface of the tank 20 is provided with exhaust ports 25, 25 at both ends, and a plurality of air supply ports, for example, eight, are provided in the area between the two exhaust ports 25, 25 along the length of the tank. Ports 28, 28 are provided, and exhaust pipes 26, 26 each having an exhaust electromagnetic valve 27 are connected to the exhaust ports 25, 25, respectively. The exhaust electromagnetic valve 27, 27
is opened in response to a command from the control device 16 when injecting seawater into the tank 20, and is closed after the water injection is completed.The exhaust electromagnetic valve 27 is opened to allow the tank 20 to flow from the inlet and drain ports 22, 22. When seawater is poured into the tank, the air (floating gas) in the tank above the diaphragm 21 is pushed out from the exhaust ports 25, 25 as the diaphragm 21 is pushed up. The exhaust electromagnetic valve 27 is a check valve to prevent seawater from entering through the exhaust ports 25, 25.

On the other hand, in Figures 6 and 7, 30, 3
Reference numeral 0 denotes a gas generator installed on the upper surface of the front and rear weight change tanks 20, 20, respectively. It protrudes upward and is covered by a fairing cover 11a attached to the fuselage 11. Note that the tips of the exhaust pipes 26, 26 connected to the exhaust ports 25, 25 of the weight change tanks 20, 20 are connected to the fairing cover 1.
It is exposed on the upper surface of 1a.

The gas generators 30, 30 generate high-pressure gas by combustion of gunpowder, and transfer this high-pressure gas into the weight change tanks 20, 20 through air supply ports 28, 28, and 28 on the upper surface thereof.
28 as a floating gas, and the gas generators 30, 30 have the following configuration. That is, in Figures 1 to 5, 3
Reference numeral 1 denotes a base made of square steel fixed to the center of the upper surface of the weight change tank 20 along its length.
Eight gunpowder loading holes 32, 32 are provided in correspondence with the eight air supply ports 28, 28 provided on the top surface of the gun. These gunpowder loading holes 32, 32 are circular horizontal holes with one end opening on one side of the base body 31, and among these gunpowder loading holes, odd numbered gunpowder loading holes 32, 32, counting from the tip side of the base body, 32 opens on one side of the base body 31 as shown in FIG. 3, and the even numbered gunpowder loading holes 32, 32 open on the other side of the base body 31 as shown in FIG. These gunpowder loading holes 32, 32 have a female thread formed on the inner circumferential surface on the open end side and have a large diameter at the inner deep part.
The gas delivery hole 33 is connected to the air supply port 28 of the weight change tank 20 . In addition, since the gas delivery holes 33 and 33 of the adjacent gunpowder loading holes 32 and 32 are on the opposite side across the center of the base body, each air supply port 2 of the weight change tank 20
8 and 28 are also provided alternately on the left and right sides of the center of the tank. Reference numerals 34 and 34 designate cartridge retainers made of heat-resistant metal and installed in the respective explosive loading holes 32 and 32, respectively. The cartridge retainers 34, 34 have a bottomed cylindrical shape that is open at the distal end side (the end where the gunpowder is inserted into the gunpowder loading hole 32) and closed at the base end. A male thread is formed to be screwed into the female thread part of 32, and a bolt head-shaped rotation operation part 34a that is turned with a tool such as a spanner is integrally formed on the outer surface of the base end surface. Further, a plurality of gas injection holes 34b, 34b are provided on the outer periphery of the tip portion inserted into the large diameter portion 32a of the gunpowder loading hole 32. These cartridge retainers 34, 34 are
The gunpowder cartridge 36 is inserted into the inside and screwed into the gunpowder loading holes 32, 32 of the base body 31.The cartridge retainer 34 is screwed into the inside of the gunpowder loading hole 32.
The cartridge retainer 34 and heat-resistant packing 35 provide an airtight seal.

The gunpowder cartridge 36 is made of a low melting point metal such as aluminum and has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a primer (ignition agent) 37 is provided at the center of the bottom of the gunpowder cartridge 36 with a portion of it exposed on the outside of the cartridge. and cartridge 3
6 is filled with gunpowder 38 having a low burning rate. The gunpowder cartridge 36 is held in a substantially tight fit state in the cartridge retainer 34 by inserting the gunpowder cartridge 36 into the cartridge retainer 34 from its open end, and the cartridge retainer 34 is inserted into the gunpowder loading hole. The gunpowder cartridge 36 is loaded into the gunpowder loading hole 32 by screwing it into the gunpowder loading hole 32. There is. In addition, each of the gunpowder loading holes 3
A through hole that opens to the side surface of the base body 31 is provided at the center of the inner inner surface of the base body 31, and electrical contact pins 39, 39 that contact the primer 37 of the explosive cartridge 36 are inserted into the through hole in an airtight manner. Insert state is fixed. This contact pin 39,
Reference numeral 39 ignites the primer 37 of the gunpowder cartridge 36 by energizing it, and each contact pin 39, 39 is connected to the lead wire 3.
It is connected to the control device 16 and power supply device 15 in the submarine body 11 via 9a and 39a.

The gas generator 30 has its respective gunpowder loading holes 3
Gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 loaded in 2, 32
It burns the gunpowder 38 in the gunpowder cartridge 36 to generate high pressure gas, and when the primer 37 of the gunpowder cartridge 36 is ignited and the gunpowder 38 is combusted, the gunpowder 38
The heat and pressure of the high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of
34b) is pierced, and high-pressure gas flows into the gas injection hole 3 of the cartridge retainer 34.
4b, 34b to the large diameter portion 3 of the gunpowder loading hole 32.
2a, and is ejected from this large diameter portion 32a into the weight change tank 20 through the gas delivery hole 33 and the air supply port 28. Gas is supplied into the tank 20 by burning the gunpowder 38 when resurfacing the submersible after descending to a predetermined depth.
When high-pressure gas is supplied from the gas generator 30 into the tank 20 with the gas generator 30 open, the flexible diaphragm 21 is pushed down by the gas pressure, and the ballast water in the tank 20 flows into the sea from the inlet ports 22 and 22. At the same time, the tank is filled with flotation gas to replace this ballast water. In addition, at this time, the exhaust electromagnetic valves 27, 2 at the top of the tank
7 is closed, the gas supplied into the tank 20 will not be released to the outside from the exhaust ports 25, 25. Furthermore, the amount of high-pressure gas supplied from the gas generator 30 is set to the amount necessary to push the diaphragm 21 down to the state along the inner surface of the lower half of the tank (the state shown by the chain line in FIG. 1). In this embodiment, the above amount of gas is secured by burning the gunpowder 38, 38 in the two gunpowder cartridges 36, 36. That is, the gas generator 30 uses two gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 for one ascent of the submersible, and in this embodiment, the gas generator 30 uses eight gunpowder cartridges 36, 36. Since it is loaded, the submersible can descend and ascend up to four times in succession. Note that the combination of the two gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 used for one ascent may be selected in any way, but in order to supply gas evenly into the tank 20, it is necessary to For example, by combining items in symmetrical positions, 1
It is desirable to use the two cartridges at the front and rear ends for the second ascent, and to use the two central cartridges for the last (fourth) ascent. Furthermore, gas is supplied to the front and rear tanks 20, 20 from the respective gas generators 30, 30 at the same time.

Next, the descent and ascent operations of the above-mentioned submersible will be explained with reference to FIG. This submersible is mounted on a mother ship 40, transported to the survey area, and lowered to the sea surface with the antenna 19 protruding. Note that the program storage section of the control device 16 in the submersible includes:
A descent/ascent program including the descent depth, descent and ascent angle, direction, etc. is stored, and based on this descent/ascent program, the vertical stabilizer 13, 13 and the horizontal stabilizer 14, 14 are steered, and the weight Filling and draining ports 22, 22 and exhaust ports 25, 2 of the change tank 20
The opening/closing of the electromagnetic valves 24 and 27 provided at 5 and the operation of the gas generator 30 are controlled. When a dive start signal is transmitted from the mother ship 40 to the submersible suspended at the position P1 above the sea surface, the submersible first retracts the antenna 19, and then, in accordance with the dive start command, sends a dive start signal to each weight change tank 20, 20. Open the valves 24, 24 for filling and draining each tank 20, 20.
Start injecting seawater into the area. At this time, the exhaust electromagnetic valves 27 and 2 of each tank 20 and 20 are simultaneously closed.
7 is also opened, and the air inside the tanks 20, 20 is released to the outside as water is poured into the tanks. When water starts to be poured into the tanks 20, 20, the submersible starts descending as its weight increases. The descending speed of this submersible is slow at the beginning, but when the tanks 20, 20 are filled with water, the descending speed becomes faster. In addition, in each tank 20, 20,
A sensor (for example, a pressure sensor operated by being pressed by the diaphragm 21) is provided to detect when the inside of the tank is full of water, and when the inside of each tank 20, 20 becomes full of water, a signal from this sensor is sent. The water is sent to the control device 16, and the water injection and drainage valves 24, 24 and the exhaust electromagnetic valves 27, 27 are closed. During this descent, the submarine converts its descent force into propulsive force using the main wings 12, 12 provided on the main body 10, and moves forward while moving diagonally. I'm going to dive into. That is, since the main wings 12 generate lift in the opposite direction to the descent and ascent of the submersible,
A propulsive force is generated according to the lift ratio (also called glide ratio in aircraft) determined by the angles of the main wings 12, 12, and the submersible moves forward as it descends. Also, during this descent, the horizontal stabilizer 14, 1
4 to change the vertical direction of the submersible,
The angle of the main wings 12, 12 with respect to the traveling direction changes, the ratio of the diving force to the propulsive force obtained by the main wings 12, 12 (lift-drag ratio) changes, and the diving angle of the submarine changes. Furthermore, when the vertical stabilizers 13, 13 are steered to change the lateral direction of the submersible, the submersible will proceed in that direction. Then, the submersible can move vertical stabilizers 13, 13 and horizontal stabilizers 14, 1 as necessary.
4 to descend in a predetermined direction based on the descent/surfacing program, and while descending, sea condition data is collected by the sea condition sensors 18a and 18b, and this data is sent to the control device 16. Store in the storage unit. Further, when the submersible reaches the diving target position P2 at a predetermined depth (1000 m in FIG. 8) and this depth is detected by the navigation sensor 17, the submersible
Solenoid valve 24 for filling and draining each tank 20, 20,
24 and open each gas generator 30, 30.
two gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 gunpowder 3
8, 38 is burned to supply high pressure gas into each tank 20, 20, the ballast water in the tanks 20, 20 is drained, and the tanks 20, 20 are filled with gas and floated. In addition, each tank 20,
A sensor (for example, a pressure sensor that is pressed by the diaphragm 21) is provided in each tank 20 to detect that the tank is filled with gas.
When gas fills the 0, 20, a signal from this sensor is sent to the control device 16, and the water injection valves 24, 24. Even during this ascent, the submersible uses the levitation force as a propulsion force using the main wings 12, 12. Convert to , and float diagonally while moving forward. Also, if the horizontal stabilizers 14, 14 are steered during this ascent, the diving angle of the submersible will change in the same way as when descending, and if the vertical stabilizers 13, 13 are further steered, the submersible will advance in that direction. . The submersible also uses the vertical tail 13 as needed during this ascent.
13 and the horizontal stabilizer 14, 14 to descend and
It ascends in a predetermined ascending direction based on the ascending program, and while performing this ascending, the sea state sensor 18
a, 18b collect oceanographic data and store it in the data storage section of the control device 16. and,
When the submersible ascends to the surface target position P3 on the sea surface, the submersible protrudes the antenna 19 and transmits the sea data stored in the data storage section to the mother ship 40, and then clears the data storage section.

In addition, if you want the submersible to descend and ascend for the second time, the mother ship 40 should send the descending start signal again to the submersible that has surfaced. , the submersible descends to the target position P4 in the same way as the first descent and ascent, and then ascends to the target position P5 and transmits the collected sea data to the mother ship 40. This also applies to the third and subsequent descents and ascents.
In addition, in order to cause the submersible to change direction, when transmitting a descent start signal from the mother ship 40 to the surfaced submersible, a direction change signal may be sent together with the descent start signal. For example, as shown in FIG. In P
When a 180 degree change of direction signal is sent to the submersible that has surfaced at position 5 along with a descent start signal, the submersible will descend at a predetermined speed (the speed at which the direction of the submersible begins to be controlled by steering the tail). The diver descends without changing direction until the speed reaches a predetermined speed, and after the descending speed reaches a predetermined speed or higher, the predetermined water depth position P6 (in Figure 8, the water depth is approximately
500m) and steer the vertical stabilizers 13, 13.
Turn horizontally 180 degrees, descend from this position P6 toward the target position P7, and then ascend to the target position P8.
to surface. In addition, Figure 8 shows that the submersible is on the mother ship 40.
The pattern shows a pattern in which the submersible repeats two descents and surfacings while heading away from the mothership 40, and then repeats two descents and surfacings to return to the mothership 40 side. It floats to a nearby position P10 and is recovered by the mother ship 40. In addition, in this recovered submersible, the fairing cover 11a is removed, the cartridge retainers 34, 34 are removed from each gas generator 30, 30, and the explosive cartridge 3 is removed.
Replace 6 and 36 with this cartridge retainer 3.
By attaching the gas generators 4 and 34 to the gas generators 30 and 30 again and attaching the fairing cover 11a, they can be repeatedly used for underwater oceanographic surveys.

That is, the diving machine generates high pressure gas by burning the gunpowder 38, supplies this high pressure gas to the weight change tank 20, uses this gas pressure to drain the ballast water in the tank 20, and floats to the surface. Although this submersible does not use propulsion power and uses inexpensive water ballast to descend and ascend, it also drains ballast water during surfacing without using a pump. This reduces the cost of ballast water drainage equipment and lowers the price of submersibles.
Moreover, in the above-mentioned submersible machine, the main body 10 of the submersible machine
Main wings 12, 12 generate lift in the opposite direction to descent and ascent, and a steerable vertical tail 1.
3, 13 and horizontal stabilizers 14, 14, the main wings 12, 12 can convert descent and surfacing forces into propulsive forces, similar to non-powered aircraft. Therefore, it is possible to descend and ascend diagonally while moving the submersible forward, and
By steering the horizontal stabilizers 14, 14 and changing the vertical direction of the submersible, the descent and levitation forces and the main wing 1
2 and 12 to arbitrarily change the descent angle and ascent angle of the submersible, and also change the lateral direction of the submersible by steering the vertical stabilizers 13 and 13. This allows you to arbitrarily change the lateral direction of the submersible.
The submersible can descend and ascend in various patterns.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned diving machine, since the gas generator 30 is capable of generating gas multiple times,
By repeatedly pouring water into the weight change tank 20 and draining water by supplying gas, the submersible can continuously repeat multiple descents and ascents.

In addition, in the above embodiment, each gas generator 30,
By loading eight gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 into the submersible aircraft and using two gunpowder cartridges 36, 36 each, the submersible can carry out up to four descents.
Although levitation is performed, the gunpowder cartridges 36, which are loaded into the gas generators 30, 30,
The number of 36 and the number of gunpowder cartridges used for one levitation are not limited to the above examples,
Further, the number of weight change tanks 20 may be one or three or more, or the number of gas generators may be one, and the generated gas may be branched and supplied to a plurality of weight change tanks. Also, a diaphragm 21 that partitions the inside of the weight change tank 20 into upper and lower parts.
Alternatively, a heat-resistant coating may be applied to a stretchable airtight elastic film made of rubber or the like.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, each weight change tank 20
As a gas generator 30 that supplies high pressure gas to
Although a device that generates high-pressure gas by burning gunpowder is used, this gas generator may also generate high-pressure gas by burning liquefied flammable gas. In that case, liquid hydrogen or A cylinder filled with liquefied flammable gas such as kerosene and an oxygen cylinder are installed interchangeably, and a combustion chamber is connected to the air supply port of the weight change tank, and both cylinders are connected to the combustion chamber with a valve. By connecting via piping and sending predetermined amounts of liquefied flammable gas and oxygen from both cylinders, the high-pressure gas generated by burning the liquefied flammable gas in the combustion chamber is supplied to the weight change tank. do it.
One possible method of using liquefied gas is to simply vaporize it and supply it to the weight change tank, but this would require carrying a large amount of liquefied gas, making the cylinder large. Furthermore, if liquefied gas is supplied into the tank, the ballast water inside the tank may freeze and become impossible to drain because the gas cools the tank. In this regard, if liquefied combustible gas is burned to generate high-pressure gas as described above, a large amount of gas can be generated with a small amount of liquefied gas.
A small cylinder is sufficient, and the temperature of the gas supplied into the tank is high.
Ballast water in the tank will not freeze and become impossible to drain.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the non-powered submersible of this invention, although it descends and ascends by using water ballast, which is inexpensive and does not use propulsion power, the ballast water is drained during surfacing without using a pump. Since this can be done, the cost of the ballast water drainage system can be reduced and the price of the submersible can be lowered. Moreover, in this invention, the main body of the submersible is equipped with a main wing that generates lift in the opposite direction to descent and ascent, and a steerable vertical tail and horizontal tail, so it is similar to a non-powered aircraft. In addition, the diving and surfacing forces can be converted into propulsive force by the main wings, which allows the submersible to descend and ascend diagonally while moving forward, and by steering the horizontal stabilizer. By changing the vertical direction of the submersible, the ratio between the descent/levitation force and the propulsive force obtained by the main wings can be changed to arbitrarily change the dive angle and ascent angle of the submersible, and the vertical tail By steering the submersible to change the lateral direction of the submersible, the angle of lateral movement of the submersible can be arbitrarily changed, so the submersible can descend and ascend in various patterns. Furthermore, in this invention, since the gas generator is capable of generating gas multiple times, by repeatedly pouring water into the weight change tank and draining water by supplying gas, the submersible can descend and ascend multiple times. can be repeated continuously.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 are a partially cutaway front view and a partially cutaway side view of a weight change tank and gas generator provided in a submersible, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view. and Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-A and line B-B in Fig. 1;
The figure is a sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 4, Figures 6 and 7 are a plan view and front view showing the external appearance of the submersible, and Figure 8 is a diagram of the descent and ascent patterns of the submersible. . 10... Submarine body, 12... Main wing, 13...
Vertical stabilizer, 14...Horizontal stabilizer, 20...Weight change tank, 21...Diaphragm, 22...Inlet/outlet, 23
...Filling and draining pipe, 24...Solenoid valve for pouring and draining, 2
5... Exhaust port, 26... Exhaust pipe, 27... Exhaust electromagnetic valve, 28... Air supply port, 30... Gas generator, 31... Base, 32... Gunpowder loading hole, 34
... Cartridge retainer, 36 ... Gunpowder cartridge, 37 ... Primer, 38 ... Gunpowder, 39
...Electric contact pin.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A submersible that descends and ascends underwater without using propulsion power, comprising a main wing that generates a lift force in the opposite direction to the descent and ascent, and a main wing that can be steered vertically and horizontally. The main body of the submersible is equipped with a tail fin, and the inside of the airtight container is divided into upper and lower parts with a flexible diaphragm.
In addition, a weight change tank is provided with an inlet and a drain at the bottom, and an air supply port and an exhaust port with a valve at the top, and a high-pressure gas is generated by combustion of gunpowder or liquefied flammable gas. A gas generator capable of generating gas multiple times, which supplies gas into the tank from its air supply port; Steering the vertical and horizontal stabilizers; opening/closing a valve at the exhaust port of the weight change tank; and controlling the gas supply. A non-powered submarine characterized by comprising: a control device for controlling the operation of a generator;