JPH0375874B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that automatically generates musical tone signals based on performance data stored in a memory, and particularly relates to an improvement in a performance restart control section. be.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention stores a series of performance data in a memory with mark data included at appropriate positions, and reads data from the memory based on the operation of an operator for commanding performance restart. The read address is returned to the mark data position to restart reading. According to this invention, when the automatic performance is stopped in the middle of a song, the automatic performance can be restarted by returning to the position of the mark data, and efficient performance practice becomes possible.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, automatic performance devices have been known that play melodies and the like by sequentially reading out a series of performance data stored in a memory. In such an automatic performance device, by appropriately operating a start/stop switch or the like, the performance can be stopped in the middle of a piece of music, and then the performance can be resumed.
In this case, there were two known methods for restarting the performance: (a) returning to the beginning of the piece and starting the performance, and (b) starting from the point where the piece stopped in the middle of the piece. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

According to the above-mentioned prior art, when practicing manual performance while listening to automatic performance, it is difficult to practice efficiently. That is, in method (a) above, if the player makes a mistake in key operation near the end of the song, he or she will have to go back to the beginning of the song and practice again, and it will take a long time to finish practicing one song. In addition, with method (b) above, even if you notice a mistake in key operation and stop automatic performance, automatic performance will resume from the point where you have passed the point where you made a mistake in key operation. There is no other choice but to practice without automatic performance. In this case, it is normal to practice playing not only the erroneously operated part but also the several notes before it, but there is no other choice but to practice the several notes without automatic performance.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device that can arbitrarily determine a performance restart position in addition to a performance stop position.

The automatic performance device according to the present invention includes a storage device that stores a series of performance data including mark data at appropriate positions, a reading device that sequentially reads performance data from the storage device, and a switch that instructs to restart the performance. , a control means for controlling the reading means to return the read address to the position of the mark data and resume reading based on the operation of the operator, and based on the performance data read from the storage device. and musical tone generating means for generating musical tone signals.

[Effect]

According to the configuration of the present invention, when the operator for commanding performance restart is operated, the reading address is returned to the position of the mark data and reading is restarted, so that the performance restart position is different from the performance stop position where mark data is inserted. It will depend on the location. Therefore, by inserting mark data at an appropriate position in the performance data array, it is possible to return from the performance stop position to the position of the mark data and restart the performance, allowing efficient performance practice.

〔Example〕

Circuit Configuration (Figure 1) Figure 1 shows the circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The generation and automatic performance sound generation are controlled.

The bus 10 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 12,
program memory 14, working memory 16,
Keyboard/tone switch (SW) circuit 18, manual performance sound source circuit 20, performance data memory 22, automatic performance start/stop switch (SW) circuit 24, tempo oscillator (OSC) 26, normal instrument sound source circuit 28 for automatic performance, and A performance rhythm sound source circuit 30 is connected.

The CPU 12 executes various processes for generating manual performance sounds and automatic performance sounds according to programs stored in a program memory 14 consisting of a ROM (read-only memory). are shown in Figures 3 to 5.
This will be described later with reference to the drawings.

The working memory 16 is RAM (random
access memory), and consists of CPU12
It includes parts that function as registers, flags, counters, pointers, etc. during various processing by. Among these functional parts, those related to automatic performance are listed as follows (1) to (5).

(1) Initial flag INITFLG This is set to “1” when the power switch (not shown) is turned on, and is set to “0” when automatic performance starts.
It will be reset to .

(2) Run Flag RUNFLG This is set to "1" when automatic performance starts, and is reset to "0" when automatic performance stops.

(3) Tempo counter TMPCNT This counts the tempo clock pulses from the tempo OSC 26, takes a count value of 0 to 47 within one bar, and is reset at the end of the bar.

(4) Bar flag BARFLG This is set to “1” at the end of a bar.

(5) Address pointer POINT This indicates the read address of the performance data memory 22.

The keyboard/timbre switch circuit 18 includes a large number of key switches corresponding to the large number of keys on the keyboard, and a large number of timbre switches corresponding to the tones of musical instruments such as organ, piano, flute, etc., and scans these switches. By doing so, operation information can be detected for each switch.

The manual performance sound source circuit 20 generates a musical tone signal based on switch operation information detected from the keyboard/tone switch circuit 18, and the pitch and tone of this musical tone signal are determined by the operated key switch and tone switch, respectively. The decision has come to be made in response to the

The performance data memory 22 is provided to enable automatic performance, and stores, for example, a series of performance data necessary for performing a melody with rhythm accompaniment in a format as shown in FIG. has been done. In Figure 2, S is stop mark data for stopping the return destination search when restarting the performance, N is normal instrument sound data for melody performance, R is rhythm sound data for rhythm accompaniment, and B is bar measure. This is bar mark data representing a break.

The stop mark data S is placed at the beginning of the performance data array, and is also inserted at an appropriate position in the performance data array. When automatic performance is stopped in the middle of a song, the closest stop mark data is searched for after returning from this stop position, and automatic performance is resumed based on the data following this stop mark data.

Each normal instrument sound data N includes identification code data NC for distinguishing it from other data, pitch data NP representing the pitch of the musical sound to be generated, and timing data NT representing the sound generation timing. Each rhythm sound data R also includes identification code data RC for distinguishing it from other data, and instrument type data representing the type of rhythm instrument to be sounded.
RS and timing data RT representing the sound generation timing.

Normally, each timing data (NT or
RT) represents the sound generation timing with any value from 0 to 47 corresponding to the count value of the aforementioned tempo counter TMPCNT. Normally, the musical instrument sound data N and the rhythm sound data R are arranged in the order of pronunciation (that is, in order from the smallest timing data value) for each bar, and are read out in this order.

Automatic performance start/stop switch circuit 24
includes a start/stop switch for instructing the start, stop, and restart of automatic performance; upon operation of this switch, the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4 is started.

When the tempo OSC 26 is enabled by the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4, it starts sending out tempo clock pulses, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 5 is started every time each tempo clock pulse is sent out. Note that the repetition period of the sent tempo clock pulse can be arbitrarily set based on the operation of a tempo operator (not shown).

The automatic performance normal musical instrument sound source circuit 28 uses the normal musical instrument sound data N read out from the performance data memory 22.
The pitch of this musical tone signal is determined in accordance with the pitch data NP.

The automatic performance rhythm sound source circuit 30 includes a large number of rhythm sound sources corresponding to rhythm instruments such as bass drums, snare drums, cymbals, etc., and converts these rhythm sound sources into rhythm sound data R read out from the performance data memory 22. Rhythm sound signals are generated by selectively driving them accordingly.

Three types of musical sound signals: a musical sound signal from the manual performance sound source circuit 20, a musical sound signal from the automatic musical instrument sound source circuit 28, and a rhythm sound signal from the automatic performance rhythm sound source circuit 30 are all output. is supplied to the speaker 34 via the amplifier 32,
converted into sound. Therefore, the speaker 34 can generate automatic melody sounds with rhythmic accompaniment and/or manual performance sounds.

Main Routine (Fig. 3) Fig. 3 shows the processing flow of the main routine.

When the power switch is turned on, in step 40, an initial flag INITFLG is set to "1", and other various registers (flags, counters, pointers, etc.) are initially set.

Next, in step 42, the key switches and tone switches in the keyboard/tone switch circuit 18 are scanned, and information corresponding to each switch state (on or off) is acquired. Then, the process moves to step 44, and it is determined whether there is a change (event) in the switch state. If the result of this judgment is that there is no event (N), return to step 42 and determine that there is an event (Y).
Repeat steps 42 and 44 until .

If it is determined in step 44 that there is an event (Y), the process moves to step 46. In step 46, data corresponding to the switch where the event occurred is output to the manual performance sound source circuit 20. For example, if it is an on event of a timbre switch, timbre data corresponding to the timbre switch is supplied to the tone generator circuit 20, and a timbre corresponding to the timbre data is set. Further, if it is an on event of a key switch, pitch data corresponding to the key switch is supplied to the sound source circuit 20 to generate a corresponding musical tone signal.
When the process of step 46 is completed, the process returns to step 42 and the same process as above is repeated. As a result, manual performance sound can be generated.

Therefore, when a key operation is performed to play a melody or the like on the keyboard, a performance sound corresponding to the key operation is produced from the speaker 34.

Start of automatic performance (Figs. 4 and 5) When the start/stop switch in the circuit 24 is turned on while the main routine processing is being executed as described above, the interrupt routine shown in Fig. 4 is started. Ru.

In step 50 of FIG. 4, it is determined whether INITFLG is "1". Since INITFLG was previously set to "1" in step 40, the determination result in step 50 is affirmative (Y), and the process moves to step 52.

In step 52, INITFLG is reset to "0". Then, the process moves to step 54.

In step 54, the address pointer POINT
, the number 0 corresponding to the first address of the memory 22
Set. Then, the process moves to step 56.

In step 56, the tempo counter TMPCNT
Set all bits to “1”. This is to enable a transition from a state where all bits are "1" to a state where all bits are "0", taking into consideration that 1 will be added in the rhythm interrupt routine described later.

Next, in step 58, the tempo OSC 26 is enabled. When the tempo OSC 26 is enabled, it starts clock 1 from that point on.
Sending of the tempo clock pulse begins after a period delay. After step 58, the process moves to step 60.

In step 60, the bar flag BARFLG is set to "0". Then, the process moves to step 62, and the run flag RUNFLG is set to "1". Thereafter, the process moves to step 64, and the rhythm interrupt routine shown in FIG. 5 is executed.

In step 66 of FIG. 5, the value of TMPCNT is
Determine whether it is 47. For TMPCNT, first step 5.
Since all bits have been set to "1" in step 6, the determination result in step 66 is negative (N), and the process moves to step 68.

In step 68, the value of TMPCNT is incremented by 1. Since all bits in TMPCNT were previously set to "1" in step 56, all bits in TMPCNT become "0". After this, the process moves to step 70.

At step 70, the performance data at the address corresponding to the POINT value is read from the memory 22.
Since POINT has previously been set to 0 in step 54, in the example of FIG. 2, the stop mark data S at the top address is read out from the memory 22.

Next, in step 72, it is determined whether the read data is stop mark data. In this case, since it is stop mark data (Y), the process moves to step 74.

In step 74, the value of POINT is incremented by 1. Then, the process returns to step 70. In step 70, normal musical instrument sound data N following the first stop mark data S is read out from the memory 22.

Therefore, the determination result at step 72 is negative (N), and the process moves to step 74. In step 74, it is determined whether the read data is bar mark data. In this case, since it is not bar mark data (N), the process moves to step 76.

In step 76, it is determined whether the value of the timing data in the read data is equal to the value of TMPCNT. In this case, the value of TMPCNT is 0, and if the timing data value of the normal musical instrument sound data N read earlier in step 70 is greater than 1, the determination result in step 76 is negative (N), and the Return to the main routine shown in Figure 3.

After this, the rhythm interrupt routine shown in Figure 5 is executed every time a tempo clock pulse is sent from the tempo OSC 26, and each time
The value of TMPCNT increases by 1. As the value of TMPCNT increases in this way, the determination result at step 76 eventually becomes affirmative (Y).

Therefore, the process moves to step 78, and it is determined whether the read data is rhythm sound data. In the above example,
Since the read data is normal musical instrument sound data, the determination result at step 78 is negative (N), and the process moves to step 80.

In step 80, the pitch data of the first normal musical instrument sound data N read out from the memory 22 is
NP is output to the normal musical instrument sound source circuit 28. As a result, the speaker 34 produces the first melody sound.

Thereafter, in step 83, the value of POINT is incremented by 1 and the process moves to step 70, whereupon the first rhythm sound data R is read out from the memory 22. and,
If it is determined in step 76 that the timings match, the process moves to step 78. In step 78, it is determined that the data is rhythm sound data (Y), so the process moves to step 82.

In step 82, the instrument type data of the first rhythm sound data R read out from the memory 22 is
The RS is output to the rhythm sound source circuit 30. As a result,
The first rhythm sound is played from the speaker 34 substantially simultaneously with the previous melody sound.

Thereafter, normal instrument sound data to rhythm sound data are read out one after another in the same manner as described above, and a melody performance with rhythm accompaniment is automatically performed based on such read data.

As the automatic performance progresses in this way, the first measure mark data B is eventually retrieved from the memory 22.
is read out. Therefore, the determination result at step 74 is affirmative (Y), and the process moves to step 84.

In step 84, it is determined whether BARFLG is "1". BARFLG is set to “0” in step 60 first.
has been set, the determination result at step 84 is negative (N), and the process returns to the main routine of FIG.

After this, if you repeat the routine in Figure 5 several times,
TMPCNT value reaches 47. Therefore, at the next rhythm interrupt (at the end of the measure), the determination result at step 66 becomes affirmative (Y), and the process moves to step 86.

At step 86, BARFLG is set to "1". Then, move to step 88,
Reset TMPCNT to “0”. After this, in the determination in step 84, the determination in step 86 is made.
Since BARFLG is set to "1", the determination result is affirmative (Y) and the process moves to step 90.

In step 90, BARFLG is reset to "0". Then, in step 83, the POINT value is incremented by 1, and then the process returns to step 70. In this step 70, data following the first measure mark data is read from the memory 22. After this, 2
Automatic performance from the bar onward is performed in the same manner as described above.

Stopping automatic performance (FIG. 4) When the above-mentioned start/stop switch is turned on while automatic performance is in progress as described above, the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4 is started.

In step 50, the process is first performed in step 52.
Since INITFLG is set to "0", the determination result is negative (N) and the process moves to step 92.

In step 92, it is determined whether RUNFLG is "1". Since RUNFLG was previously set to "1" in step 62, the determination result in step 92 is affirmative Y, and the process moves to step 94.

Step 94 disables tempo OSC 26, thereby disabling tempo OSC 26.
The transmission of the tempo clock pulse from 6 is stopped. As a result, the rhythm interrupt is no longer applied, and the progress of the automatic performance is stopped.

After this, RUNFLG is reset to "0" and then the process returns to the main routine of FIG.

Restarting automatic performance (FIG. 4) After stopping automatic performance as described above, when the start/stop switch mentioned above is turned on, the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4 is started.

The determination result at step 50 is negative (N) as in the case of automatic performance stop described above, and the process moves to step 92. In this step 92, since RUNFLG was previously set to "0" in step 96, the determination result is negative (N) and the process moves to step 98.

In step 98, the value of POINT is decreased by 1.
This sets the read address when automatic play stops to 1.
This corresponds to returning an address. According to this process, even if the automatic performance is stopped exactly at the stop mark data, it is possible to prevent the performance from being restarted from there.

Next, the process moves to step 100, and the performance data at the address corresponding to the POINT value is read from the memory 22. Then, the process moves to step 102.

In step 102, it is determined whether the read data is stop mark data. If the result of this judgment is that it is not stop mark data (N), step 9
Repeat steps 8, 100 and 102. This is a process of searching for a return destination, and when stop mark data is detected for the first time after starting the search, the search is stopped.

That is, if it is determined in step 102 that the read data is stop mark data (Y), the process moves to step 104 and the value of POINT is incremented by 1. Then, proceed to step 106,
The performance data at the address corresponding to the POINT value is read from the memory 22. As a result, data following the detected stop mark data is read from the memory 22.

Next, in step 108, it is determined whether the read data is bar mark data. If the result of this determination is bar mark data (Y), it is the end of the bar, so the process moves to step 110.
Set TMPCNT to 47. This is to reset TMPCNT to "0" in step 64, which will be described later. Thereafter, the routine proceeds to the rhythm interrupt routine (step 64) of FIG. 5 via steps 58, 60 and 62, as described above.

In the routine of FIG. 5, in step 66, since TMPCNT was set to 47 in step 110, the determination result is affirmative (Y).
Steps 86 and 88 are followed by step 70. In this step 70, step 106 is first performed.
The same measure mark data that was read out is stored in memory 2.
2. Next, in the same manner as described above, the process moves to step 84 via steps 72 and 74.
Determine whether BARFLG is “1”. Since BARFLG is set to "1" at step 86, the determination result at step 84 is affirmative (Y), and the process returns to step 70 via steps 90 and 83. As a result, musical sound data (usually musical instrument sound data or rhythm sound data) following the bar data is read out from the memory 22, and a melody sound or rhythm sound is generated in response to this. After this, automatic performance is performed in the same manner as described above.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 108 that it is not bar mark data (N), the read data is musical tone data, so step 11 is performed.
2, add timing data (NT
or RT). This will be added to the value of TMPCNT in step 64 below.
Step 7 in Figure 5 takes into account that
This is to enable timing coincidence to be obtained at 6. After this, proceed to step 5 as described above.
Steps 8, 60 and 62 are followed by the rhythm interrupt routine (step 64) shown in FIG.

In the routine of FIG. 5, in step 66, since TMPCNT was previously set to a value 1 smaller than the timing data value in step 112, the determination result is negative (N) and the process moves to step 68. In this step 68, the value of TMPCNT is set to 1.
, thereby making the value of TMPCNT match the value of the timing data.

After this, in step 70, step 10 is first performed.
The same tone data read out in step 6 is read out from the memory 22. and steps 72, 74 and 76
Then, the process moves to step 78, where it is determined whether the read data is rhythm sound data, and either step 80 or 82 is executed depending on the result of the determination. As a result, the speaker 34 produces melody or rhythm sounds. After this, automatic performance is performed in the same manner as described above.

According to the electronic musical instrument described above, it is possible to start automatic performance and practice playing by operating the keyboard while listening to a melody performance with rhythm accompaniment. If you notice a mistake in key operation during performance practice, you can stop automatic performance and then restart it, returning from the stop position to the point before the erroneous operation and restarting automatic performance. Then, while listening to the resumed automatic performance, the player can continue practicing the performance starting from the point where the erroneous operation occurred.

In the above embodiment, one switch starts,
Although the stop and restart command functions are provided, dedicated switches may be provided for each command function. Furthermore, if there is a keyboard (for example, a pedal keyboard) that is not used during automatic performance, one or more keys of this keyboard may be provided with the above command function.

In the above description, it is assumed that the performance data is stored in the memory 22 in advance, but the performance data may be inputted into the memory 22 by the player using a keyboard or the like. In this case, the performer can place stop mark data at any position in the performance data array. Note that the memory 22
may be made replaceable as appropriate using a plug-in ROM pack or the like.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be configured such that, for example, by using bar mark data, it is possible to return to the beginning of each bar and restart the performance.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a series of performance data is stored in a storage device with mark data included at appropriate positions, and when reading data from this storage device, a performance restart command is issued. Since the reading address is returned to the position of the mark data based on the operation of the operator, the reading is restarted, so that the performance can be restarted by returning from the performance stop position to the position of the mark data. This eliminates the waste of repeating the performance from the beginning of the song, and allows you to listen to the performance restart several notes before the point where the performance stopped, making it possible to practice efficiently using automatic performance. It is something that can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a format diagram of performance data, FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the main routine, and FIG. 4 is a start diagram. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the rhythm interrupt routine based on the operation of the /stop switch. 10...Bus, 12...Central processing unit, 14...
...Program memory, 18...Keyboard/tone switch circuit, 20...Sound source circuit for manual performance, 22
... Performance data memory, 24 ... Automatic performance start/stop switch circuit, 26 ... Tempo oscillator, 28 ... Normal musical instrument sound source circuit for automatic performance, 30
... Rhythm sound source circuit for automatic performance.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) a storage device storing a series of performance data including mark data at appropriate positions; (b) reading means for sequentially reading out the performance data from the storage device; (c (d) a control means for controlling the reading means to return the reading address to the position of the mark data and restart reading based on the operation of the operator; (e) musical tone generating means for generating musical tone signals based on the musical performance data read from the storage device.