JP3143039B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device, and more particularly to an automatic performance device in which automatic performance is performed one step at a time for each sounding operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are the following automatic performance devices. One is a one-step automatic performance, in which an automatic performance is performed for each key-on based on performance information as shown in FIG. The note data of the performance information includes key number data KN, gate time data GT, touch data TC, and the like, and is generated at each key-on based on the note data. Several pieces of "simultaneous commands" are stored in the performance information, and each note data from this "simultaneous command" to the next "simultaneous command" is generated simultaneously in response to one key-on. This one-step automatic performance is not known.

[0003] Another automatic performance is an automatic performance based on time counting and includes performance information M as shown in FIG.
Based on P. Then, the time count value of the timer is compared with the step time data ST of each note data,
Each note data is automatically generated in order of step time according to the passage of time. This fully automatic performance is known.

[0004]

In such two automatic performance devices, performance information is not compatible, and performance information for time count automatic performance as shown in FIG. 2 can be used in one-step automatic performance. Did not.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to use performance information for time-count automatic performance in one-step automatic performance.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the present invention provides, for each sounding operation, the sounding timing of the playing timing based on timing data indicating the timing at which a musical sound is sounded. Detected early performance information and output performance. Further, according to the present invention, the performance information is output for each sounding operation, and the performance information to be sounded next is generated. Thereby, based on the timing data indicating the timing at which the musical tone is generated,
Since the performance is automatically performed for each sounding operation, the performance information including the timing data for the time count automatic performance can be directly used for the one-step automatic performance.

[0007]

【Example】

<< 1 >> Overall Circuit FIG. 1 shows an overall circuit of an electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 1 is used to generate / mute a musical tone. The keys are scanned by a key scan circuit 2 to detect data indicating a key operation, that is, a key on / key off.
The data is written to the RAM 6 by the PU 5. Then, the data is compared with the data indicating the on / off state of each key stored in the RAM 6 until then, and the CPU 5 determines the on / off event of each key.

As a result, the position of the key related to ON / OFF is detected. Further, since the scanning is performed periodically, the timing of turning on / off the key is also detected. The keyboard 1 is replaced by an electronic stringed instrument, an electronic tube (lead) instrument, an electronic percussion (pad) instrument, a computer keyboard, or the like. One-step automatic performance is performed by all or a specific key group or keys of the keyboard 1. In this one-step automatic performance,
Automatic performance is performed one step at a time when each key is sounded, that is, each time a key is pressed (or released).

Each switch of the panel switch group 3 described later is scanned by the panel scan circuit 4.
By this scanning, data indicating ON / OFF of each switch is detected, and written into the RAM 6 by the CPU 5. Then, the data is compared with the data indicating the ON / OFF state of each switch stored in the RAM 6 until then, and the determination of the ON event / OFF event of each switch is determined by the CP.
This is done by U5.

The key-on, key-off, on-event,
The data of the off event, the on event of each switch, and the off event are generated and received from another processing device (electronic musical instrument) via the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) circuit 9 or other processing device. (Electronic Musical Instrument).

The panel switch group 3 is provided with an auto play key 16, a music selection key 17, a tone key 18, and the like. The auto play key 16 enables the one-step automatic performance. The performance information MP to be played in the one-step automatic performance by the music selection key 17
Songs are selected. The timbre key 18 selects a timbre of a tone generated by playing the keyboard 1. The timbre key 18 allows the timbre (tone number data TN) of the performance information MP to be set / changed.

In the RAM 6, in addition to the various data described above, various data processed by the CPU 5 and various data necessary for the processing are stored. The RAM 6 also has a working memory 32 described later. In ROM7,
A program corresponding to a flowchart described later and executed by the CPU 5 and a program corresponding to other processing are stored.

The automatic performance memory 8 stores performance information MP of a plurality of music pieces. The performance information MP is stored in the CPU 5
, And the one-step automatic performance is performed. The automatic performance memory 8 is a RAM or a ROM.
However, it may be integrated with the RAM 6 and the ROM 7, or may be a RAM / ROM card, a floppy disk,
It may be a CD-RAM / ROM or the like. The performance information MP, key on / off event, note data, etc.
It is also generated, transmitted, and received from another processing device (electronic musical instrument) via the IDI circuit 9, and is generated and transmitted to another processing device (electronic musical instrument).

The tone data according to the performance information MP and the tone data according to ON / OFF of each key of the keyboard 1 are sent to a tone generator 10 and are sounded by a sound system 11. This tone generator 10
, A tone generation system (channel) for a plurality of channels, for example, 16 channels is formed by time division processing, and the tone is generated polyphonically. The tone generator 10 has an assignment memory 31
Is provided.

<< 2 >> Performance Information MP FIG. 2 shows the storage contents of the above-mentioned automatic performance memory 8. The automatic performance memory 8 has directory data D at the beginning.
R and reproduction condition data RC,
After R and RC, performance information MP of a plurality of music pieces is stored. The performance information MP is data of a melody part, but can also store parts such as a chord, a bass, a backing, an arpeggio, and a rhythm.

The performance information MP includes a note data group,
It is composed of bar mark data BM, end mark data EM, etc. inserted between the note data groups. The note data includes key number (pitch) data KN, step time data ST, gate time data GT, touch (velocity) data TC, and the like.

The key number data KN indicates the number of each key of the keyboard 1, that is, the position of each key, and indicates the pitch. This key number data KN
May include cent data CT. The step time data ST is data indicating the time from the beginning of a song or the beginning of a bar, that is, the bar mark data BM to the start of tone generation or command execution according to note data. This command includes tone color change, tempo change, and transposition. The gate time data GT is data indicating the sounding continuation time from key-on to key-off.

The touch (velocity) data TC is data indicating a key on / off speed or strength. The touch data TC corresponds to a time difference between on / off of a plurality of key switches. The plurality of key switches are provided for each key of the keyboard 1, and are turned on / off with a time lag when a key is operated. In accordance with the touch data TC, control of the volume of sound, frequency components, and the like is performed. The bar mark data BM is data indicating a break of each bar. The end mark data EM is data indicating the end of the music.

At the beginning of the performance information MP, performance condition data PC is stored.
Consists of song name data SN, tempo data TP, beat data BE, tone number data TN, and the like. The tempo data TP and the beat data BE are data indicating the tempo and time signature of the automatic performance based on the performance information M.

The tone number data TN includes a piano,
Indicates the timbre of musical instrument sounds such as violin, flute, and drum. The tone number data TN further corresponds to the read start, loop top, and loop end address data, envelope waveform data, formant shape, frequency spectrum component, harmonic component, touch data TC, and key scaling data for reading out the tone waveform data. Data is also shown. Note that the tone number data TN, tempo data TP, and transposition data may be stored in the middle of the performance information MP of one song, and the timbre, tempo, and key may change in the middle of the song.

The performance information MP of one song includes performance parts (melody, chord, bass, rhythm, etc.) and instrument parts (keys such as upper, lower, feet, strings, pipes,
For example, the tone number data TN may be stored at the beginning of the performance information MP for each track, and the timbre may be different for each track. Note that the key number data KN and gate time data GT of the note data may be tone number data TN, chord data KD, and the like, and may be data corresponding to a rhythm, a base, and a chord in addition to the melody.

<< 3 >> Working Memory 32 FIG. 3 shows the working memory 32 of the RAM 6. The working memory 32 includes various registers, various buffers, various counters, and various memories shown in FIG.

The mode flag register 41 stores flag data indicating the operation of the electronic musical instrument. This flag is a one-step flag, an on-key flag, or the like. The one-step flag indicates a mode of one-step automatic performance by turning on / off the auto play key 16. The on-key flag is used in the one-step automatic performance mode.
Indicates that a key on the keyboard 1 is turned on.

The reproduction register 43 stores the performance information MP
(Key number data KN, step time data ST, gate time data GT, touch data TC, etc.) are stored. The reproduction register 43 can store a plurality of tone data. The tone number register 45 stores the tone number data TN input by the tone color key 18 of the panel switch group 3 or the tone number data TN in the performance information MP. Note that the reproduction register 43 may be omitted, and the read performance information MP may be directly sent to the assignment memory 31.

The step counter 47 is incremented by 1 by the CPU 5 in a one-step automatic performance process described later, and the step count data SC is counted. The step count data SC is compared with the step data ST in the note data to determine the sound generation start timing.

<< 4 >> Main Routine FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a main routine executed by the CPU 5. This process starts when the power is turned on. First, the RAM 6, the working memory 32, and the like are cleared, and various initialization processes are performed (step 0).
2). Next, the keys 16 to 18 of the panel switch group 3
And the like, and an on / off event is detected, and processing corresponding to the operation of the key related to this detection is performed (step 04). Then, the on / off and on / off events of each key of the keyboard 1 are detected, and sounding / silencing is performed according to the operation of the key related to the detection (step 0).
5).

Next, if the MIDI circuit 9 has data / information such as a key-on / off event, note data, and an auto-play key 16 on / off event of the keyboard 1 which have been received and generated from another device, this data is provided. The data / information is taken into the RAM 6, the tone generator 10, and the like, and sound generation / mute is performed (step 06). Further, key on / off events, note data, and the like of the keyboard 1 generated and sent to another device are stored in the RAM 6 or the like.
If there is data / information such as an ON / OFF event of the auto play key 16, the data / information is sent to the MIDI circuit 9, and sound generation / mute is performed by another device (step 06). The data transmission to the MIDI circuit 9 may be executed by an interrupt process performed at regular intervals.

Then, a one-step automatic performance corresponding to the performance information MP is performed (step 10). This process will be described in detail later. Next, another process is performed (step 12). These processes of steps 04 to 12 are repeated until the power is turned off.

<< 5 >> Switch Processing FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the switch processing in step 04 described above. First, when the auto play key 16 is turned on (step 20), if the one-step flag of the one-step automatic performance of the mode flag register 41 is "0" (step 21), it is set to "1" (step 21). 22) If it is "1" (step 21), it is set to "0" (step 23).

Next, after step 22, one or more note data or the like is read from the head of the performance information MP selected by the music selection key 17 and stored in the reproduction register 43 (step 25). Then, the step counter 47 is cleared (step 30). Then, other switch processing is performed (step 31), and the routine is returned. In this other switch processing, music selection processing according to the operation of the music selection key 17, tone color setting / change (switching) processing according to the operation of the tone color key 18, and the like are performed.

<< 6 >> Key Processing (Step 05) FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the key processing in step 05 described above. First, when a key-on event of the keyboard 1 is detected (step 40), the one-step flag of the automatic performance is set to "1" (step 41), and when the on-key is included in the one-step area (step 42). ), The on-key flag of the mode flag register 41 is set to "1" (step 46).

If the one-step flag is cleared to "0" or if the above-mentioned on-key is not included in the one-step area (steps 41 and 42), a normal manual performance tone generation process corresponding to the on-key is performed, and Data corresponding to the ON key is output via the MIDI circuit 9 (step 48).

When a key-off event of the keyboard 1 is detected (step 50), the one-step flag is cleared to "0", or when the off-key is not included in the one-step area (steps 51 and 5).
2) A silencing process of the manual performance according to the off key is performed (step 53). Then, other key processing is performed (step 55), and the routine is returned.

The one-step area is a group of keys in the keyboard 1 for performing a one-step automatic performance. For example, upper keyboard, lower keyboard, foot keyboard, rhythm key group, lowest note, highest note, middle note, lowest one octave, highest one octave, middle one octave, and the like of the keyboard 1. When the operation of the keys of the one-step area and the operation of the keys other than the area and the like are performed in parallel, the ensemble of the one-step automatic performance and the manual performance is performed. Note that one-step automatic performance may be performed by all keys of the keyboard 1. Thus, steps 42 and 52 are omitted.

<7> One-Step Automatic Performance Process (Step 10) FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the one-step automatic performance process of the above-described step 10. First, if the above-mentioned on-key flag is set to "1" (step 60), it is incremented until the step count data SC of the step counter 47 matches or exceeds each step time data ST of the reproduction register 43 (step 61, 6
2, 63).

If they match (step 61), the on-key flag is cleared to "0" (step 70). If the matching step time data ST is that of note data (step 71), the note data is converted to a tone. The tone data is transmitted to the tone generator 10 together with the number data TN and the like, and is output via the MIDI circuit 9 (step 72).

Then, the note data in the reproduction register 43 is cleared and excluded, and the next note data or the like is set to 1
One or more are read and stored in the reproduction register 43 (step 73). Thereafter, if the step count data SC is equal to or greater than the value of the step time data ST of the new note data, the note data is similarly output (steps 70, 71, 72). In this way, note data having the same or almost the same step time ST is sounded simultaneously in a time-division manner.

Next, when no more step data ST than the value of the step count data SC is found (steps 73 and 61), the step count data SC is incremented (step 62) and the ON key is cleared in the above step 70. So the routine returns. In the sound generation process in step 72, note data and the like are sent to the MIDI circuit 9 in some cases.

In steps 25 and 73, the next note data or the like is read out, and note data or the like having the same step data ST as the step data ST of the note data is read out together with the reproduction register. 4
3 may be stored. Thereby, the reproduction register 4
3 stores only note data or the like having the same step data ST. Further, in step 61, the step time data ST of the plurality of note data may be compared with the step count data SC.

Thus, an automatic performance is performed in response to the key-on of the keyboard 1. After this, if there is no key-on,
Since the on-key flag is not set (steps 40 to
46) The automatic performance is on standby until the next key-on (step 60). In this way, each time the key is turned on, the step count data SC is incremented at a high speed, the note data of the matched step time data ST is generated, and the automatic performance is on standby until the next key-on.
In this way, even with the performance information MP having the step time data ST, the automatic performance is performed one step at a time for each sounding operation.

If the matching step time data ST is bar mark data BM (step 8).
0), the value of the step count data SC of the step counter 47 is set to the value of the step time data ST of the bar mark data BM (step 81), and the bar mark data BM of the reproduction register 43 is cleared and removed. Is stored in the reproduction register 43 (step 73). Thus, the one-step automatic performance is advanced to the beginning of the next bar.

The matched step time data S
If T is other tone number data TN or the like (step 80), this data is stored in the working memory 32 (step 83), and the timbre, tempo, key and the like are changed. It should be noted that the performance information M that is automatically played in one step is
If each step data ST of P is data indicating the time from the beginning of each bar, that is, the bar mark data BM, in step 81, the step count data SC of the step counter 47 is cleared.

The clearing of the on-key flag in step 70 may be performed after the sound generation processing in step 72. Thereby, bar mark BM,
Not only the tone number data TN and the like are executed, but also the next note data is executed and sounded together. Further, in the steps 25, 73, 72, etc., the performance information of the automatic performance memory 8 specified by the read address data RA is directly read, and the reproduction register 43 may be omitted.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the increment of the step count data SC in step 62 of FIG. 7 may be incremented by +4, +8, +16, or the like. This makes the process faster.

The one-step automatic performance may be performed for each operation of keys, switches, pedals, levers and the like provided on the panel switch group 3 in addition to the keys of the keyboard 1. Further, in the above-mentioned step 62, the smallest one of the step time data ST of each note data stored in the reproduction register 43 or each note data to be sounded next to the automatic performance memory 8 is searched. The value of the performed step time data ST may be stored in the step counter 47. As a result, similarly, note data to be sounded next is searched in the order of performance.

Further, a one-step automatic performance may be executed every key-off. In this case, the setting of the on-key flag in step 46 is executed if the one-step flag is set to "1" after YES in step 52.

Further, the one-step automatic performance can be performed for each track of the automatic performance memory 8, that is, for each of the performance / instrument parts. The performance part may be excluded from the one-step automatic performance part. In this case, reading or playing of the corresponding track is prohibited in steps 25 and 73 described above. The prohibition data for each track is input by the part designating switch of the panel switch group 3 or the MIDI circuit 9 and stored in the mode flag register 41. Further, the one-step automatic performance process of FIG. 7 may be executed each time the clock signal of a fixed period goes to a high level. In this case, step 63 is omitted, and step 62
After, the routine returns. As a result, the timing for each beat or for every 1 / n (n = 2, 3, 4,...) Beats is set at key-on.

Embodiments of the present invention are as follows. (A) performance information generating means for generating a plurality of pieces of performance information including content data indicating the content of a tone to be pronounced and timing data indicating the timing at which the tone is to be generated; According to the sounding operation means for giving an instruction and the sounding operation of the sounding operation means,
Of the performance information generated by the performance information generating means,
At least one of the earliest sounding timings based on the timing data of performance information that has not been sounded or played yet.
Timing detection means for detecting two pieces of performance information; performance output means for outputting the performance information detected by the timing detection means for performance; and playing the performance information output by the performance output means, An automatic performance device comprising performance control means for excluding the performance information from the performance information that has not been played. (B) performance information generating means for generating a plurality of pieces of performance information including content data indicating the content of a musical tone to be generated and timing data indicating the timing at which the musical tone is generated; According to the sounding operation means for giving an instruction and the sounding operation of the sounding operation means,
Performance output means for outputting the performance information generated from the performance information generation means for performance; and at least one sound to be generated next to the performance information output by the performance output means based on the timing data. An automatic performance apparatus comprising: performance control means for generating performance information from the performance information generating means, the performance data having substantially the same timing data. (C) The performance information generating means stores a plurality of pieces of performance information including content data indicating the content of a musical tone to be pronounced and step time data indicating a time from the beginning or a bar of the music to the timing of sound generation. Storage means; and performance information reading means for reading performance information from the performance information storage means, wherein the sounding operation means is performance instructing means for operating or instructing the production or performance of musical tones. A performance instruction detecting means for detecting the performance instruction of the performance instruction means; and a performance instruction storage means for storing the performance instruction detected by the performance instruction detection means. The automatic performance device performs a sound or a performance in accordance with the performance information detected in the above. Flip, the automatic playing apparatus according to claim A or B, wherein it further comprises a performance instruction erasing means for erasing the memory of playing instructions of the play instruction storage means. (D) The timing detecting means, among the plurality of pieces of performance information stored and read out by the performance information storing and reading means in response to the storage in the performance instruction storing means or the detection of the performance instructing means, sets the step time data to the most. The automatic performance device according to claim A, wherein at least one small performance information is detected.

(E) The automatic performance device includes another sounding operation means for operating or instructing the generation or performance of a musical tone.
The automatic performance device according to claim A or B, further comprising another performance output means for outputting, for performance, manual performance information according to the sounding operation of the sounding operation means.

[0050]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, for each sounding operation, the performance information having the earliest sounding timing is detected from the information to be played, based on the timing data indicating the timing at which the musical sound is sounded. Added performance output.
Further, according to the present invention, the performance information is output for each sounding operation, and the performance information to be sounded next is generated.
Therefore, the performance is automatically performed for each sounding operation based on the timing data indicating the timing at which the musical tone is generated, so that the performance information including the timing data for the time count automatic performance can be directly used for the one-step automatic performance. And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing performance information MP in an automatic performance memory 8;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a working memory 32 of a RAM 6;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a switch process (step 04).

FIG. 6 is a view showing a flowchart of key processing (step 05).

FIG. 7: One-step automatic performance processing (step 10)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the above.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing conventional performance information.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... keyboard, 3 ... panel switch group, 5 ... CPU,
6 RAM, 7 ROM, 8 automatic performance memory, 9 M
IDI circuit, 10: tone generator, 16: auto play key, 17: music selection key, 18: tone key, 31 ...
Assignment memory, 32 ... Working memory, 41
... Mode flag register, 43 ... Reproduction register, 45 ...
Tone number register, 47 ... Step counter.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/00 101 G10H 1/00 102

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. Pitch data indicating the pitch of a musical tone, timing data representing the sound generation timing of the musical tone,
Including at least data for controlling the tone of the
Data and the timing of this occurrence
Performance information generating means for generating a plurality of pieces of performance information including data, sounding operation means for performing sounding operation, and sounding operation detecting means for detecting sounding operation of the sounding operation means
And the sounding operation detected by the sounding operation detecting means.
Sounding operation storage means for performing the sounding operation stored in the sounding operation storage means.
Timing of performance information generated by the performance information generating means
Based on the performance data that has not yet been processed.
To generate a tone based on the detected performance information.
Sound processing or tone control processing
Performing other processing, including at least
Performance processing means for performing a performance in accordance with the information.
Erase the memory of the sounding operation of the means, and perform the other processing
Now, let's keep the pronunciation operation
An automatic performance device further comprising a work storage / erasing means . 2. The other data is at least
Data, which indicates the break of key, key or bar
2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data includes at least one data . 3. The timing data may be stored at the beginning of a song or
The above sounding timing or the above
3. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic performance device is step time data up to the time of the imming . 4. The performance information generating means according to claim 1, wherein
Performance information storage means for storing information;
The storage means stores performance information of at least one song.
The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein 5. The performance information generating means according to claim 1 , wherein the performance information
Information, and the automatic performance device
A song selection means for selecting one song from performance information of multiple songs
4. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising:
Place. 6. The performance information of one tune of the performance information is a
For each performance part such as rody, chord, bass, rhythm, etc.
Or divided into multiple tracks for each instrument part
Each track has the above tone for each part.
Claim 1 wherein data for controlling is stored.
The automatic performance apparatus according to 2, 3, 4 or 5. 7. An automatic performance device, comprising :
Read performance information stored in at least one track
A contract that further includes a part designation unit that prohibits
The automatic performance device according to claim 6.