JPH0123133B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0123133B2 JPH0123133B2 JP60023727A JP2372785A JPH0123133B2 JP H0123133 B2 JPH0123133 B2 JP H0123133B2 JP 60023727 A JP60023727 A JP 60023727A JP 2372785 A JP2372785 A JP 2372785A JP H0123133 B2 JPH0123133 B2 JP H0123133B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- eye
- measurement
- refractive power
- fixation target
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 101700004678 SLIT3 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100027339 Slit homolog 3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010027646 Miosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010020675 Hypermetropia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036040 emmetropia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004305 hyperopia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006318 hyperopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003547 miosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、各測定に適するように制御可能な固
視標を有する眼屈折力・角膜形状測定用の眼科用
測定装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an ophthalmological measuring device for measuring eye refractive power and corneal shape, which has a fixation target that can be controlled to suit each measurement.
［従来の技術］
一般に眼屈折検査を行う場合には、屈折力の測
定の他に乱視の有無の検査や、乱視軸・乱視度の
検査のために角膜形状の測定を併せて行われてい
る。従来では、このような検査を行う場合に、角
膜形状の測定と屈折力の測定とをそれぞれ別々に
異種の器械で行つていたが、測定に要する時間と
手数が検者及び被検者の双方にとつて相当の負担
になるため、近年では同一の器械で両測定が可能
な装置が造られている。[Prior Art] Generally, when performing an eye refraction test, in addition to measuring refractive power, corneal shape measurements are also performed to test for the presence of astigmatism and to test the astigmatism axis and degree of astigmatism. . Conventionally, when performing such examinations, the corneal shape and refractive power were measured separately using different instruments, but the time and effort required for the measurements was costly for both the examiner and the examinee. Since this is a considerable burden for both parties, in recent years devices have been created that can perform both measurements using the same instrument.
ところで、一般に眼屈折力や角膜形状を測定す
る際には、その装置内部に設けた固視標を被検眼
に注視させ被検眼を固定してから、被検眼の眼底
や角膜に所定の視標を投影してその反射像を検出
器で受光し、それらを解析することによつて測定
値を得ている。 By the way, generally when measuring eye refractive power or corneal shape, the subject's eye is fixed on a fixation target provided inside the device, and then a predetermined target is placed on the fundus or cornea of the subject's eye. The measured values are obtained by projecting the reflected light onto a detector, receiving the reflected images, and analyzing them.
眼屈折力測定用固視標には風景等のスライド写
真と放射状パターンの２種類があり、後者の放射
状パターンはその中心を注視させるようになつて
いる。眼屈折力と角膜形状とを同一器械で測定す
る装置においては、これらの固視標の何れかが設
置されているが、角膜形状を測定する場合には、
眼屈折力測定の場合よりも被検者の動きによつて
測定結果が大きく影響されるため、より一層被検
眼に視標を注視させ被検眼を確実に固定させる必
要がある。従つて、角膜形状測定時に眼屈折力測
定用固視標をそのまま用いると、精密な測定の障
害となる場合がある。 There are two types of fixation targets for measuring eye refractive power: a slide photograph of a landscape, etc., and a radial pattern.The latter radial pattern is designed to direct the eye to its center. In devices that measure eye refractive power and corneal shape using the same instrument, one of these fixation targets is installed, but when measuring corneal shape,
Since the measurement result is affected more by the movement of the subject than in the case of eye refractive power measurement, it is necessary to make the subject's eye gaze at the optotype more firmly and to fix the subject's eye more reliably. Therefore, if the fixation target for eye refractive power measurement is used as it is when measuring the corneal shape, accurate measurement may be hindered.
共通の固視標として風景等のスライドを使用し
た場合には、被検者はスライドの何処を見てよい
か迷うために被検眼が固定され難く、角膜形状測
定用固視標としては不向きである。また、放射状
パターンを共通の固視標として使用した場合に
は、パターン中心が正視の位置に固定されている
ために、中度或いは強度の近視・遠視眼の被検者
の場合にはパターンがぼやけてしまい注視できな
いため被検眼が固定され難く、これも角膜形状測
定用固視標としては不十分である。このように、
従来の固視標は十分に満足のいくものではないた
めめ、測定の精度を低下させる原因ともなつてい
る。 If a slide showing a landscape or the like is used as a common fixation target, the examinee may be confused as to where to look on the slide, making it difficult to fixate the subject's eye, making it unsuitable as a fixation target for corneal topography measurement. be. In addition, when a radial pattern is used as a common fixation target, the center of the pattern is fixed at the position of emmetropia, so in the case of subjects with moderate or severe myopia/hyperopia, the pattern may be distorted. Since it is blurred and cannot be gazed at, it is difficult to fix the eye to be examined, and this is also insufficient as a fixation target for corneal shape measurement. in this way,
Conventional fixation targets are not fully satisfactory, which causes a decrease in measurement accuracy.
［発明の目的］
本発明の目的は、眼屈折力及び角膜形状の両測
定に適するように制御可能な固視標を設けること
により、測定時間と手数とを大幅に軽減させ、被
検眼を十分に固定して高精度の測定を可能にした
眼科用測定装置を提供することにある。[Object of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to significantly reduce measurement time and labor by providing a fixation target that can be controlled to be suitable for measuring both eye refractive power and corneal shape. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ophthalmological measuring device which enables highly accurate measurement by being fixed to
［発明の概要］
上述の目的を達成するための本発明の要旨は、
被検眼の眼屈折力測定光学系と、該眼屈折力測定
光学系と部分的に光学系を共有する角膜形状測定
光学系と、眼屈折力測定用の第１の固視手段と、
角膜形状測定用の第２の固視手段と、前記２つの
測定に応じて前記第１、第２の固視手段を切換え
ると共に、被検眼の眼屈折力に適応する位置に前
記第２の固視手段を調整する手段とを有すること
を特徴とする眼科用測定装置である。[Summary of the invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows:
an optical system for measuring the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined, a corneal shape measuring optical system that partially shares an optical system with the optical system for measuring the eye refractive power, and a first fixation means for measuring the eye refractive power;
A second fixation means for corneal shape measurement, and the first and second fixation means are switched according to the two measurements, and the second fixation means is placed at a position that adapts to the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined. An ophthalmological measuring device characterized by having a means for adjusting a viewing means.
［発明の実施例］
本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明す
る。[Embodiments of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す光学系であ
り、角膜形状測定時には、リング状ストロボ１か
ら発せられた可視光が、被検眼Ｅに対向するコリ
メータ用リングレンズ２に設けた円形のスリツト
３を照明するようになつている。スリツト３は光
軸を含む一断面で見たときにリングレンズ２の焦
点面上にあり、このスリツト３を光学的に無限遠
点にあるようにし、その無限遠点から投影された
光が被検眼Ｅの角膜Ecを照明するようにされて
いる。被検眼Ｅはその表面が凸面鏡のようになつ
ているので、スリツト３の角膜反射像を作り、こ
の角膜反射像は対物レンズ４を介して近赤外光の
みを反射し他の波長の光を透過するダイクロイツ
クミラー５を透過し、可視光反射・赤外光透過の
ダイクロイツクミラー６で上方に反射され、ビー
ムスプリツタ７で右方に反射されて多数穴絞り８
を通り、プリズム９によつて偏向されCCD（電荷
結合素子）から成る一次元位置検出素子１０に再
結像される。 FIG. 1 shows an optical system showing an embodiment of the present invention. During corneal shape measurement, visible light emitted from a ring-shaped strobe 1 is transmitted through a circular lens provided on a collimator ring lens 2 facing the eye E to be examined. It is designed to illuminate slit 3. The slit 3 is located on the focal plane of the ring lens 2 when viewed in a cross section including the optical axis, and the slit 3 is optically positioned at an infinity point so that the light projected from that infinity point is illuminated. It is designed to illuminate the cornea Ec of the optometrist E. Since the surface of the eye E to be examined is shaped like a convex mirror, a corneal reflection image of the slit 3 is created, and this corneal reflection image reflects only the near-infrared light through the objective lens 4 and rejects light of other wavelengths. It passes through a dichroic mirror 5 that transmits light, is reflected upward by a dichroic mirror 6 that reflects visible light and transmits infrared light, is reflected to the right by a beam splitter 7, and is transmitted to a multi-hole aperture 8.
The light is deflected by a prism 9 and reimaged onto a one-dimensional position detection element 10 made of a CCD (charge coupled device).
多数穴絞り８は第２図ａに示すように、例えば
５個の開口部８ａ〜８ｅを有し、プリズム９も開
口部８ａ〜８ｅに対応して点線で区分したような
５個のエレメント９ａ〜９ｅを有し、これらの各
エレメント９ａ〜９ｅは第２図ｂに示すような断
面形状となつている。この多数穴絞り８とプリズ
ム９とによつて分離された５個の角膜反射像は、
検出素子１０の位置で第３図に示すような関係で
結合される。この第３図において、Sbは角膜Ec
で反射された像が対物レンズ４で結像し分離され
た角膜反射像を表し、また１０ａ〜１０ｅはそれ
ぞれ検出素子であり、開口部８ａ〜８ｅ、プリズ
ムエレメント９ａ〜９ｅのそれぞれに対応してい
る。これによつて、角膜反射像Sbの中の５点の
座標を検知することになり、この５点の座標を二
次曲線の一般式、
AX2＋BXY＋CY2＋DX＋EY＋Ｆ＝０
に代入して、連立方程式を解くことにより係数Ａ
〜Ｅを求め、楕円の一般式、
（ｘ−x0）2／a2＋（ｙ−y0）2／b2＝１
ただし、
ｘ＝Xcosθ−Ysinθ
ｙ＝Xsinθ＋Ycosθ
に変形し、楕円の長径ａ、短径ｂから角膜Ecの
両主経線の曲率半径を導出し、角度θから乱視軸
を算出することができる。 As shown in FIG. 2a, the multi-hole diaphragm 8 has, for example, five apertures 8a to 8e, and the prism 9 also has five elements 9a as divided by dotted lines corresponding to the apertures 8a to 8e. -9e, and each of these elements 9a-9e has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2b. The five corneal reflection images separated by the multi-hole diaphragm 8 and the prism 9 are as follows:
They are coupled at the position of the detection element 10 in a relationship as shown in FIG. In this figure 3, Sb is corneal Ec
The reflected image is formed by the objective lens 4 and represents a separated corneal reflection image, and 10a to 10e are detection elements, respectively, corresponding to the apertures 8a to 8e and prism elements 9a to 9e. There is. As a result, the coordinates of five points in the corneal reflection image Sb are detected, and by substituting the coordinates of these five points into the general formula of the quadratic curve, AX 2 + BXY + CY 2 + DX + EY + F = 0, the simultaneous equations are obtained. By solving the coefficient A
Find the general formula for the ellipse, (x-x 0 ) 2 /a 2 + (y-y 0 ) 2 /b 2 = 1. However, transform it into The radius of curvature of both principal meridians of the cornea Ec can be derived from a and the short axis b, and the astigmatism axis can be calculated from the angle θ.
一方、屈折力測定の場合は、第１図に示すよう
に赤外光を発する発光ダイオード１１からの光
が、集光レンズ１２を通つて眼底投影チヤート１
３を照射するようになつている。このチヤート１
３には、第４図に示すように相互に120度の角度
をなす３経線方向の３本のスリツト１３ａ〜１３
ｃが設けられている。発光ダイオード１１からの
光は、更にリレーレンズ１４を通つて眼底照明絞
り１５に一旦結像されてから、穴あきミラー１６
を通つて赤外光であるためにダイクロイツクミラ
ー６を通り、遠赤外光のみがダイクロイツクミラ
ー５を透過して、対物レンズ４を介して被検眼Ｅ
の瞳孔に結像され眼底Efを照明するようになつ
ている。 On the other hand, in the case of refractive power measurement, as shown in FIG.
It is designed to irradiate 3. This chart 1
As shown in FIG.
c is provided. The light from the light emitting diode 11 further passes through the relay lens 14 and is once focused on the fundus illumination diaphragm 15, and then passes through the perforated mirror 16.
Since the infrared light passes through the dichroic mirror 6, only the far infrared light passes through the dichroic mirror 5 and passes through the objective lens 4 to the subject's eye E.
The image is formed on the pupil of the eye and illuminates the fundus Ef.
この遠赤外光によるチヤート１３の像はリレー
レンズ１４を通つて一旦結像し、対物レンズ４に
より正視眼眼底と共役になるように投影される。
眼底Efからの反射像は、再び対物レンズ４を経
由してダイクロイツクミラー５，６を透過して結
像し、穴あきミラー１６で下方に反射される。穴
あきミラー１６の近くには絞り板１７が配置され
ており、この絞り板１７は第５図に示すように環
状の透過部から成る６個の開口部１７ａ〜１７ｆ
を有している。そして、開口部１７ａと１７ｄ，
１７ｂと１７ｅ，１７ｃと１７ｆは、それぞれ対
応して１つのチヤンネルを形成している。眼底照
明絞り１５と絞り板１７とは、被検眼Ｅの瞳孔上
では第６図の１５Ａ，１７Ａで示すように結像
し、チヤート１３の像を投影光学系と測定光学系
とに分離するようになつている。 The image of the chart 13 formed by this far-infrared light is once formed through the relay lens 14 and projected by the objective lens 4 so as to be conjugate with the fundus of the emmetropic eye.
The reflected image from the fundus Ef passes through the objective lens 4 again, passes through the dichroic mirrors 5 and 6, forms an image, and is reflected downward by the perforated mirror 16. A diaphragm plate 17 is arranged near the perforated mirror 16, and as shown in FIG.
have. And openings 17a and 17d,
17b and 17e, and 17c and 17f correspond to each other and form one channel. The fundus illumination diaphragm 15 and the diaphragm plate 17 form an image on the pupil of the eye E as shown in 15A and 17A in FIG. 6, and separate the image of the chart 13 into a projection optical system and a measurement optical system. It's getting old.
絞り板１７により分割された光束は、結像レン
ズ１８を介してプリズム１９によつて分離され、
反射ミラー２０、シリンドリカルレンズ２１を経
て検出素子２２の短手方向に集光され、３個の検
出素子２２ａ〜２２ｃ上に結像されるようになつ
ている。プリズム１９は第７図ａに示すように６
個のエレメント１９ａ〜１９ｆを有しており、絞
り板１７の６個の開口部１７ａ〜１７ｆに対応し
て像を分離するようになつていて、第７図ｂはプ
リズム１９の断面形状を示している。 The light beam divided by the diaphragm plate 17 is separated by a prism 19 via an imaging lens 18.
The light is focused in the transverse direction of the detection element 22 through the reflection mirror 20 and the cylindrical lens 21, and is imaged onto the three detection elements 22a to 22c. The prism 19 is 6 as shown in FIG. 7a.
The prism 19 has six elements 19a to 19f, and is designed to separate images corresponding to the six apertures 17a to 17f of the aperture plate 17. FIG. 7b shows the cross-sectional shape of the prism 19. ing.
このように分離された像は、第８図に示すよう
に配置された３個のシリンドリカルレンズ２１ａ
〜２１ｃにより像の長手方向に集光されて検出素
子２２ａ〜２２ｃ上に結像され、開口部１７ａ〜
１７ｆに対応した眼底像Pa〜Pfとなる。 The images separated in this way are captured by three cylindrical lenses 21a arranged as shown in FIG.
~21c focuses the light in the longitudinal direction of the image and forms an image on the detection elements 22a~22c, and the openings 17a~
The fundus images Pa to Pf correspond to 17f.
被検眼Ｅが非正視眼であれば、眼底Efから出
射して瞳孔上の或る一点を出た光線は、屈折力に
応じた角度で出射されるから、本実施例のような
光学系を使用すれば被検眼Ｅの屈折力に応じて検
出素子２２上での２つの眼底像Ｐの距離が変化す
る。 If the eye E to be examined is an ametropic eye, the light ray that exits from the fundus Ef and exits at a certain point on the pupil will exit at an angle that corresponds to the refractive power. When used, the distance between the two fundus images P on the detection element 22 changes depending on the refractive power of the eye E to be examined.
従つて、予め２つの眼底像Ｐの間隙と屈折力の
関係を求めておけば、３径線方向の屈折力が測定
でき、その各屈折力を次式、
Ｄ＝Asin（2ω＋θ）＋Ｂ
に代入して球面度数、乱視度数、乱視角を計算す
ることができる。変数Ｄ、ωは屈折力及び径線方
向の角度をそれぞれ表し、定数Ａ、Ｂ、θはそれ
ぞれ乱視度、平均屈折力、乱視軸に相当する。 Therefore, if the relationship between the gap between the two fundus images P and the refractive power is determined in advance, the refractive power in the three radial directions can be measured, and each of the refractive powers is substituted into the following formula, D=Asin(2ω+θ)+B. The spherical power, astigmatic power, and astigmatic angle can be calculated using The variables D and ω represent the refractive power and the radial angle, respectively, and the constants A, B, and θ correspond to the degree of astigmatism, the average refractive power, and the astigmatic axis, respectively.
被検眼Ｅと器械との位置合わせは、図示しない
光源から出射され、対物レンズ４によりダイクロ
イツクミラー５を下方に反射した前眼部からの赤
外光を、テレビリレーレンズ２３によつてテレビ
撮像管２４上に結像し、本体に付属又は別個に設
けられたテレビモニタによつて行うことができ
る。 To align the eye E and the instrument, infrared light from the anterior segment of the eye, which is emitted from a light source (not shown) and reflected downward by the objective lens 4 on the dichroic mirror 5, is captured by the television relay lens 23. The image is formed on the tube 24 and can be performed by a television monitor attached to the main body or provided separately.
眼屈折力測定用としての二次元固視標２５を備
えた第１の固視手段は光源２６と共にビームスプ
リツタ７の上方に設けられ、光源２６によつて照
明された固視標２５は、リレーレンズ２７、ビー
ムスプリツタ７を介して被検眼Ｅにより注視され
るようになつている。固視標２５は光源２６と共
に光軸上を上下に移動させ、複数の位置に被検眼
Ｅを固定させて測定を行うことにより、被検眼Ｅ
の器械近視を除去するように制御される。 A first fixation means equipped with a two-dimensional fixation target 25 for eye refractive power measurement is provided above the beam splitter 7 together with a light source 26, and the fixation target 25 illuminated by the light source 26 is It is designed to be gazed at by the eye E through the relay lens 27 and beam splitter 7. The fixation target 25 is moved up and down on the optical axis together with the light source 26, and the eye E is fixed at a plurality of positions for measurement.
The instrument is controlled to eliminate myopia.
固視標２５に風景等にスライドが用いられた場
合には、これを角膜形状測定用固視標として使用
すのは不適当であるから、被検眼Ｅの眼底Efの
正視眼位置に別の点状固視標を備えた第２の固視
手段が設けられる。例えば本実施例では、プリズ
ム９の中心にフアイバ２８の一端が配され、他端
近傍に可視光を発する発光ダイオード２９が配さ
れている。そして、角膜形状測定時には照明光源
２６は消灯され、発光ダイオード２９が点灯さ
れ、プリズム９の中心にフアイバ２８を介した発
光ダイオード２９が発光することにより、被検眼
Ｅは鮮明な輝点を注視することができ、被検眼Ｅ
は固定されることになる。 If a slide is used for the fixation target 25, such as a landscape, it is inappropriate to use this as a fixation target for corneal shape measurement, so a different emmetropic eye position of the fundus Ef of the eye E is placed. A second fixation means is provided with a punctate fixation target. For example, in this embodiment, one end of the fiber 28 is arranged at the center of the prism 9, and a light emitting diode 29 that emits visible light is arranged near the other end. When measuring the corneal shape, the illumination light source 26 is turned off, the light emitting diode 29 is turned on, and the light emitting diode 29 emits light through the fiber 28 at the center of the prism 9, so that the eye E to be examined gazes at a clear bright spot. The eye to be examined E
will be fixed.
第９図はフアイバ２８を被検眼Ｅの他の正視眼
位置に設置した第２の実施例を示しており、眼屈
折力測定用の二次元固視標２５の照明光源２６側
の中心位置にフアイバ２８の一端が設置され、他
端に発光ダイオード２９が配置されている。この
実施例においても、先の実施例と同様の手順を追
つて角膜形状が測定されるが、この第２の実施例
の場合には固視標２５と共にフアイバ２８も移動
できるので、角膜形状測定の際により鮮明な輝点
を被検眼Ｅに注視させることができる。 FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment in which the fiber 28 is installed at another emmetropic eye position of the eye E to be examined, and is placed at the center position on the side of the illumination light source 26 of the two-dimensional fixation target 25 for eye refractive power measurement. One end of the fiber 28 is installed, and a light emitting diode 29 is placed at the other end. In this embodiment as well, the corneal shape is measured following the same procedure as in the previous embodiment, but in the case of this second embodiment, the fiber 28 can also be moved together with the fixation target 25. At this time, the subject's eye E can be made to gaze at a clearer bright spot.
屈折力測定用固視標２５に放射状パターンが用
いられた場合には、これを角膜形状測定にも共用
させることができるが、固視標２５は通常では正
視位置に設置されているので、正視被検眼しか注
視することができない。そこで、被検眼Ｅの屈折
力に応じた位置に固視標２５を設置するために、
角膜形状測定前に屈折力測定を簡単に行つておく
ことが好ましい。即ち、発光ダイオード１１を１
回発光させ、眼底Efからの反射像を検出素子２
２で把え、その屈折力に応じた位置に固視標２５
を移動させると、被検者に固視標２５が鮮明に見
えるようになり、被検眼Ｅを確実に固定すること
ができる。なお、固視標２５の位置決定に必要な
球面度数の値は概略の数字でよいため、１径線の
み処理し測定処理時間を短縮してもよい。 If a radial pattern is used as the fixation target 25 for refractive power measurement, it can also be used for corneal shape measurement, but since the fixation target 25 is usually installed at the emmetropic position, Only the eye to be examined can be gazed at. Therefore, in order to set the fixation target 25 at a position corresponding to the refractive power of the eye E,
It is preferable to simply measure the refractive power before measuring the corneal shape. That is, the light emitting diode 11 is
The detection element 2 emits light twice and detects the reflected image from the fundus Ef.
2, and fixation target 25 at a position according to its refractive power.
By moving the fixation target 25, the subject can clearly see the fixation target 25, and the subject's eye E can be reliably fixed. Note that since the value of the spherical power necessary for determining the position of the fixation target 25 may be a rough number, only one radius line may be processed to shorten the measurement processing time.
角膜形状測定のみの場合は、このように先に簡
単に屈折力測定を行うようにするが、屈折力測
定・角膜形状測定を連続して行う場合には、屈折
力測定の測定結果をそのまま利用することができ
る。即ち、屈折力測定によつて得られた球面度数
に相当する位置に固視標２５を移動させてから角
膜形状測定に移行すればよい。 If only corneal topography is to be measured, perform a simple refractive power measurement like this, but if refractive power and corneal topography measurements are to be performed consecutively, the measurement results of the refractive power measurement can be used as is. can do. That is, it is sufficient to move the fixation target 25 to a position corresponding to the spherical power obtained by the refractive power measurement and then proceed to the corneal shape measurement.
第１０図は本装置の制御回路であり、検出素子
１０の信号を入力する角膜形状測定回路３０、検
出素子２２の信号を入力する眼屈折力測定回路３
１、眼屈折力測定回路３１の信号を入力し、一体
化した固視標２５及び光源２６を制御する固視標
制御回路３２、光源２６及び発光ダイオード２９
を制御する固視標照明制御回路３３が、測定の選
択や連続測定時の手順及び固視標２５や照明装置
の制御を行う測定選択制御回路３４にそれぞぞれ
接続されている。 FIG. 10 shows the control circuit of this device, including a corneal shape measuring circuit 30 that inputs the signal of the detection element 10, and an eye refractive power measurement circuit 3 that inputs the signal of the detection element 22.
1. A fixation target control circuit 32 that inputs the signal of the eye refractive power measurement circuit 31 and controls the integrated fixation target 25 and light source 26, the light source 26, and the light emitting diode 29.
A fixation target illumination control circuit 33 is connected to a measurement selection control circuit 34 that controls measurement selection, continuous measurement procedures, and the fixation target 25 and illumination device.
なお、固視標照明制御回路３３は測定選択制御
回路３４の指令により、光源２６及び発光ダイオ
ード２９の点灯を適宜に切換えるための回路であ
るから、固視標２５が放射状パターン等の中心を
注視させることができるものであるときには、こ
の制御回路３３は省略できる。 Note that the fixation target illumination control circuit 33 is a circuit for appropriately switching the lighting of the light source 26 and the light emitting diode 29 according to commands from the measurement selection control circuit 34, so that the fixation target 25 is fixed at the center of the radial pattern, etc. This control circuit 33 can be omitted if it is possible to do so.
固視標２５に風景等のスライドを使用したため
にフアイバ２８を設けた装置においては、測定選
択制御回路３４で眼屈折力測定或いは連続測定が
選択されると、固視標照明制御回路３３により光
源２６が点灯され、固視標制御回路３２によつて
固視標２５及び光源２６を移動させながら、検出
素子２２の信号を眼屈折力測定回路３１に入力
し、器械近視が除去された正確な屈折力測定結果
を得ることができる。 In a device in which a fiber 28 is provided because a slide such as a landscape is used as the fixation target 25, when eye refractive power measurement or continuous measurement is selected by the measurement selection control circuit 34, the fixation target illumination control circuit 33 switches the light source 26 is turned on, and while the fixation target control circuit 32 moves the fixation target 25 and the light source 26, the signal of the detection element 22 is input to the eye refractive power measurement circuit 31, and an accurate measurement is performed in which instrumental myopia is removed. A refractive power measurement result can be obtained.
連続測定の場合は固視標照明制御回路３３によ
り光源２６を消灯し、発光ダイオード２９を点灯
して被検眼Ｅが注視し易いフアイバ２８の輝点を
生じさせて被検眼Ｅを固定し測定を行い、検出素
子１０からの信号を角膜形状測定回路３０により
角膜形状測定結果を得ることができる。測定選択
制御回路３４で角膜形状測定が選択されたとき
は、固視標照明制御回路３３によつて発光ダイオ
ード２９を点灯し、以下は前述と同様の手順を追
つて角膜形状測定値を得る。 In the case of continuous measurement, the light source 26 is turned off by the fixation target illumination control circuit 33, and the light emitting diode 29 is turned on to produce a bright spot on the fiber 28 that can be easily observed by the eye E to be examined, fixing the eye E to be examined and performing measurements. The corneal shape measuring circuit 30 uses the signal from the detection element 10 to obtain a corneal shape measurement result. When corneal shape measurement is selected by the measurement selection control circuit 34, the light emitting diode 29 is turned on by the fixation target illumination control circuit 33, and the corneal shape measurement value is obtained by following the same procedure as described above.
固視標２５として放射状パターンを使用した場
合に、測定選択制御回路３４で眼屈折力測定或い
は連続測定が選択されると、先と同様にして眼屈
折力測定が行われ、連続測定が選択された場合に
は、固視標制御回路３２により固視標２５を眼屈
折力測定によつて得られた位置に移動させ、固視
標２５を被検眼Ｅに注視させて角膜形状測定を行
う。 When a radial pattern is used as the fixation target 25, if eye refractive power measurement or continuous measurement is selected by the measurement selection control circuit 34, eye refractive power measurement is performed in the same manner as before, and continuous measurement is selected. In this case, the fixation target control circuit 32 moves the fixation target 25 to the position obtained by the eye refractive power measurement, and the eye E is made to gaze at the fixation target 25 to measure the corneal shape.
測定選択制御回路３４によつて角膜形状測定の
みが選択されたときには、眼屈折力測定時の手順
に従つて１径線方向のみのデータを検出素子２２
から眼屈折力測定回路３１に入力させ、その結果
により固視標制御回路３２で固視標２５を移動さ
せ、それを被検眼Ｅに注視させて通常の角膜形状
測定を行う。 When only corneal shape measurement is selected by the measurement selection control circuit 34, data in only one radial direction is sent to the detection element 22 according to the procedure for eye refractive power measurement.
is inputted to the eye refractive power measurement circuit 31, and based on the result, the fixation target control circuit 32 moves the fixation target 25, and causes the eye E to gaze at it to perform normal corneal shape measurement.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明に係る眼科用測定装
置によれば、眼屈折力測定及び角膜形状測定のそ
れぞれに適した固視標を設け、測定時にそれらを
切換えて呈示し、或いは同一の固視標を用い角膜
形状測定時には眼屈折力測定によつて得られた被
検眼に適した位置に固視標を移動させることによ
つて、被検眼に鮮明に見える固視標を呈示し、測
定に際しての位置合わせの時間を短縮すると共
に、正確な測定結果を得ることが可能である。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the ophthalmological measuring device according to the present invention, fixation targets suitable for eye refractive power measurement and corneal shape measurement are provided, and these are switched and presented at the time of measurement, Alternatively, when measuring the corneal shape using the same fixation target, by moving the fixation target to a position suitable for the eye to be examined obtained by eye refractive power measurement, the fixation target can be clearly seen by the eye to be examined. It is possible to shorten the time for alignment during presentation and measurement, and to obtain accurate measurement results.
また、本発明では２つの固視標を切換えて眼屈
折力測定に二次元固視標を使用することにより、
次のような独特の効果を発揮することができる。
即ち、風景等の二次元固視標を用いて眼屈折力測
定を行う場合に、瞳孔径の小さい又は光刺激に敏
感な被検眼は、二次元固視標の明るさから縮瞳し
てしまい、測定器の最小瞳孔径以下になつて測定
不能になる場合がある。このような場合でも、本
発明では固視標を点状固視標に切換えれば、視野
は暗くなつて散瞳し易くなるので、瞳孔が開いて
測定が可能になる。また、点状固視標に被検眼を
注視させて角膜形状を測定すると、角膜頂点での
曲率を測定することになるが、固視標を二次元固
視標に切換え、被検眼の視度まで移動させて二次
元固視標の中の注視位置を指示し変えることによ
り、角膜頂点以外の周辺形状を測定できる。 In addition, in the present invention, by switching between two fixation targets and using a two-dimensional fixation target for eye refractive power measurement,
The following unique effects can be achieved.
In other words, when eye refractive power is measured using a two-dimensional fixation target such as a landscape, the subject's eye, which has a small pupil diameter or is sensitive to light stimulation, may have miosis due to the brightness of the two-dimensional fixation target. , the pupil diameter may fall below the minimum pupil diameter of the measuring device, making measurement impossible. Even in such a case, according to the present invention, if the fixation target is switched to a punctate fixation target, the visual field becomes darker and the pupils are more likely to be dilated, so the pupil opens and measurement becomes possible. In addition, when measuring the corneal shape by having the eye to be examined fixate on a dotted fixation target, the curvature at the corneal apex is measured, but the fixation target is changed to a two-dimensional fixation target, and the diopter of the eye to be examined is measured. By moving it up to and changing the gaze position within the two-dimensional fixation target, the peripheral shape other than the corneal vertex can be measured.
図面は本発明に係る眼科用測定装置の実施例を
示し、第１図はその光学的構成図、第２図ａは多
数穴絞りの正面図、ｂはプリズムの断面図、第３
図は角膜反射像と検出素子との関係の説明図、第
４図は眼底投影チヤートの正面図、第５図は眼屈
折測定用絞り板の正面図、第６図は被検眼瞳孔上
での絞りの結像状態の正面図、第７図ａは眼屈折
力測定用像分離プリズムの正面図、ｂはその断面
図、第８図は眼底像と受光素子との関係の説明
図、第９図は角膜形状測定用固視標の別の実施例
を示す構成図、第１０図は制御回路のブロツク回
路構成図である。
符号１はリング状ストロボ、２はリングレン
ズ、３はスリツト、４は対物レンズ、５，６はダ
イクロイツクミラー、７はビームスプリツタ、８
は多数穴絞り、９，１９はプリズム、１０，２２
は検出素子、１１，２９は発光ダイオード、１３
はチヤート、１５は照明絞り、１６は穴あきミラ
ー、１７は絞り板、２１はシリンドリカルレン
ズ、２４はテレビ撮像管、２５は固視標、２６は
光源、２８はフアイバ、３０は角膜形状測定回
路、３１は眼屈折力測定回路、３２は固視標制御
回路、３３は固視標照明制御回路、３４は測定選
択制御回路である。
The drawings show an embodiment of the ophthalmological measurement device according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an optical configuration diagram thereof, FIG. 2a is a front view of a multi-hole aperture, FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the corneal reflection image and the detection element, Figure 4 is a front view of the fundus projection chart, Figure 5 is a front view of the aperture plate for eye refraction measurement, and Figure 6 is the diagram on the pupil of the eye to be examined. FIG. 7a is a front view of the image separation prism for eye refractive power measurement, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the fundus image and the light receiving element, and FIG. This figure is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the fixation target for corneal shape measurement, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the control circuit. 1 is a ring-shaped strobe, 2 is a ring lens, 3 is a slit, 4 is an objective lens, 5 and 6 are dichroic mirrors, 7 is a beam splitter, 8
is a multi-hole aperture, 9, 19 is a prism, 10, 22
is a detection element, 11 and 29 are light emitting diodes, 13
is a chart, 15 is an illumination diaphragm, 16 is a perforated mirror, 17 is an aperture plate, 21 is a cylindrical lens, 24 is a television image pickup tube, 25 is a fixation target, 26 is a light source, 28 is a fiber, and 30 is a corneal topography measurement circuit. , 31 is an eye refractive power measurement circuit, 32 is a fixation target control circuit, 33 is a fixation target illumination control circuit, and 34 is a measurement selection control circuit.
Claims (1)
測定光学系と部分的に光学系を共有する角膜形状
測定光学系と、眼屈折力測定用の第１の固視手段
と、角膜形状測定用の第２の固視手段と、前記２
つの測定に応じて前記第１、第２の固視手段を切
換えると共に、被検眼の眼屈折力に適応する位置
に前記第２の固視手段を調整する手段とを有する
ことを特徴とする眼科用測定装置。 ２ 前記第１の固視手段を風景等のスライドとし
た特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の眼料用測定装
置。 ３ 前記第１の固視手段を放射状パターンとした
特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の眼科用測定装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. An optical system for measuring the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined, an optical system for measuring the corneal shape that partially shares an optical system with the optical system for measuring the eye refractive power, and a first optical system for measuring the eye refractive power. a fixation means; a second fixation means for corneal shape measurement;
ophthalmology, characterized in that it has a means for switching the first and second fixation means according to the measurement, and adjusting the second fixation means to a position that adapts to the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined. Measuring device for 2. The ophthalmic measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the first fixation means is a slide of scenery or the like. 3. The ophthalmological measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the first fixation means has a radial pattern.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60023727A JPS61185242A (en) | 1985-02-09 | 1985-02-09 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| US07/342,708 US4929076A (en) | 1983-06-13 | 1989-04-24 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60023727A JPS61185242A (en) | 1985-02-09 | 1985-02-09 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2105936A Division JPH02289227A (en) | 1990-04-21 | 1990-04-21 | Measuring device for ophthalmology |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61185242A JPS61185242A (en) | 1986-08-18 |
| JPH0123133B2 true JPH0123133B2 (en) | 1989-05-01 |
Family
ID=12118345
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60023727A Granted JPS61185242A (en) | 1983-06-13 | 1985-02-09 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61185242A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61185242A (en) * | 1985-02-09 | 1986-08-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| JP2706251B2 (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1998-01-28 | 株式会社トプコン | Eye refractive power measuring device |
| JP6735963B2 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2020-08-05 | 株式会社トーメーコーポレーション | Ophthalmic equipment |
| JP6613103B2 (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2019-11-27 | 株式会社トプコン | Ophthalmic equipment |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS565532A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic film unit |
| JPS57103703A (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1982-06-28 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of slab and its device array |
| JPS57200128A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-08 | Tokyo Optical | Objective automatic eye refractive force measuring apparatus |
| JPS5829446A (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-02-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| JPS5875529A (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-07 | 株式会社 ニデツク | Self-feeling ascertaining apparatus astigmatic axis in objective automatic refraction meter |
| JPS5977828A (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1984-05-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea |
| JPS5980227A (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-09 | 株式会社ニデツク | Apparatus for measuring refractive force of eye |
| JPS6021738A (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| JPS61185242A (en) * | 1985-02-09 | 1986-08-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-02-09 JP JP60023727A patent/JPS61185242A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS565532A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic film unit |
| JPS57103703A (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1982-06-28 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Production of slab and its device array |
| JPS57200128A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-08 | Tokyo Optical | Objective automatic eye refractive force measuring apparatus |
| JPS5829446A (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-02-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| JPS5875529A (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-07 | 株式会社 ニデツク | Self-feeling ascertaining apparatus astigmatic axis in objective automatic refraction meter |
| JPS5977828A (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1984-05-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Apparatus for measuring shape of cornea |
| JPS5980227A (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-09 | 株式会社ニデツク | Apparatus for measuring refractive force of eye |
| JPS6021738A (en) * | 1983-07-19 | 1985-02-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| JPS61185242A (en) * | 1985-02-09 | 1986-08-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61185242A (en) | 1986-08-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |