JP6341491B1 - Signal processing method and signal processing program - Google Patents

Abstract

A signal processing method capable of safely managing and using data while maintaining convenience for a plurality of users sharing the data. A signal processing method receives an approval request signal and a procedure for transmitting an approval request signal for executing a transaction for data shared in a group composed of a plurality of nodes to at least one of the plurality of nodes. It includes a procedure for receiving an approval signal from a node corresponding to a certain percentage of the plurality of nodes, and a procedure for executing a transaction based on the approval of the received approval signal. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a signal processing method and a program for causing a communication terminal to execute signal processing. For example, the present invention relates to a signal processing method capable of safely managing and using data shared by a plurality of users via a plurality of communication terminals, and a signal processing program for causing a communication terminal to execute the signal processing method.

  In many cases, various data of documents and images, particularly digitized data, are provided to a plurality of users (hereinafter referred to as users). When digitized data is shared and managed by multiple users, depending on the form of the data and the configuration of the user, the use of data (for example, various processes such as editing and updating of data) can be performed to ensure the safety of the data. , Viewing data and its transition history, etc.) may be restricted depending on the role and authority of the user. Such use restriction is performed by access restriction by a server or program that manages data, or data encryption according to user authority. As an example, in Patent Document 1, data is divided into a plurality of areas, encryption is performed for each area using a different secret key generated for each divided area, and the secret key is further encrypted according to user authority. A method is disclosed in which the use restriction is performed by ensuring the safety.

Japanese Patent No. 5034498

  There is a trade-off between improving data safety by concentrating processing authority and convenience for users sharing data. The more processing authority is concentrated, the more effectively illegal processing such as tampering and leakage of data can be effectively prevented, and data can be managed more safely. However, convenience for users who should be more involved with the data is reduced. Conversely, the more the processing authority is distributed, the more convenient the user is, but it is vulnerable to unauthorized access.

  The present invention performs a signal processing method capable of safely managing and using data while distributing convenience of data processing and maintaining convenience for a plurality of users sharing the data, and the signal processing method It aims at providing the program for.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a signal processing method. This data processing method includes a procedure for transmitting an approval request signal for executing a transaction for data shared in a group composed of a plurality of nodes to at least one of the plurality of nodes, and the plurality of nodes that have received the approval request signal A procedure for receiving an approval signal from a node corresponding to a certain percentage of the above, and a procedure for executing a transaction based on the approval of the received approval signal.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a signal processing program. The signal processing program includes a procedure for transmitting an approval request signal for executing a transaction for data shared in a group constituted by a plurality of nodes from one of the plurality of nodes to at least one other of the plurality of nodes; , Causing a plurality of nodes to execute a procedure for receiving an approval signal from a node corresponding to a certain percentage of the plurality of nodes that have received the approval request signal and a procedure for executing a transaction based on the approval of the received approval signal. Configured as follows.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a data processing method. In this data processing method, an approval request signal for a data transaction shared by a plurality of users via a plurality of communication terminals including the first communication terminal is transmitted from the first communication terminal to the first communication terminal. Transmitting to at least one of the plurality of communication terminals excluding; transmitting an approval signal from at least one of the communication terminals that has received the approval request signal; and broadcasting a transaction. The approval request signal includes a transaction and a first electronic signature generated from the transaction at the first communication terminal. The approval signal includes a transaction and a second electronic signature generated from the transaction at the communication terminal that transmits the approval signal.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a data processing program. This data processing program is installed in a plurality of communication terminals including the first communication terminal. The data processing program generates a transaction of data shared by a plurality of users via a plurality of communication terminals; generates a first electronic signature from the transaction; and the transaction and the first electronic signature Is transmitted to at least one of the plurality of communication terminals excluding the first communication terminal. The data processing program further receives an approval request signal; creates a second electronic signature from the transaction; and sends an approval signal including the transaction, the first electronic signature, and the second electronic signature. This is configured to cause at least one of the plurality of communication terminals excluding the first communication terminal to execute this.

  By implementing the present invention, it is possible to safely manage and use shared data while maintaining the convenience of a plurality of users sharing the data.

The system configuration example which concerns on the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The flowchart of the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the encryption process in the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The flow of the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the block chain in the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The flow of the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The flow of the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The system configuration example which concerns on the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The flowchart explaining the data processing method of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The flowchart of the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The flowchart of the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention. The display example performed by the data processing program of embodiment of this invention.

  In the present specification and claims, “to” indicates a lower limit and an upper limit of the quantity, and is used to omit the middle. Therefore, for example, a natural number from 1 to 10 includes not only 1 and 10 but all natural numbers from 1 to 10.

  In this specification, when a plurality of constituent elements are distinguished from each other, they are represented using an underbar and a natural number (or a symbol meaning a natural number) after the code. In the case where the whole or a plurality of arbitrarily selected ones are described without distinguishing each of the plurality of components, only the reference numerals are used.

(First embodiment)
In the present embodiment, a data processing method will be described.

[1. Constitution]
FIG. 1 schematically shows a system configuration example according to a data processing method which is one embodiment of the present invention. In this data processing method, data 100 to be processed is transmitted by a plurality of users via a plurality of communication terminals 110 (n is a natural number of 2 or more) including the first communication terminal 110_1 to the nth communication terminal 110_n. Shared and managed. The aggregate constituted by a plurality of users may be an aggregate of unspecified users, but may be an aggregate constituted by a plurality of users belonging to the same organization or a plurality of users having a common purpose. For example, a family, a housemate, an employee, a staff member, a classmate, a club, a circle, or the like can be cited. This aggregate is called a user group. There is no limitation on the period during which the user group is maintained, and the user group may temporarily exist or may be maintained for a long period of time such as several decades.

  The communication terminal 110 is a terminal that is placed under the management of a user and has a communication function, and examples thereof include portable communication terminals such as stationary computers (including desktop computers), notebook computers, and mobile phones (including tablets and smartphones). Is done. The communication terminals 110 can communicate with each other through the network 120. The network 120 may be an external network such as the Internet, or may be an internal network such as a LAN (Local Area Network). When the internal network is used as the network 120, at least one of the communication terminals 110 is connected to the external network. Although not shown, some or all of the communication terminals 110 may be connected to each other via a telephone line. Communication terminal 110 is also called a node.

  Data 100 is text data, image data, or composite data of these, and is digitized. For example, documents, tables, photographs, pictures, numerical values, etc. The data 100 is not encrypted, and it is not necessary to provide password protection or browsing restrictions within the user group. In this case, all members of the user group can freely browse the data 100 via the communication terminal 110.

  The data 100 may be stored in a server 150 connected to the network 120. An administrator who manages the server 150 directly or indirectly (hereinafter simply referred to as an administrator) provides various platforms for the data 100 according to the service content of the administrator. For example, a platform for managing schedule data of a user group, a platform for displaying user input information in a time series, a platform for displaying data related to a shared property of a user group, and the like are provided. The user selects an optimum platform for the data 100 to be handled, and handles the data 100 according to the platform environment.

  A block chain network 130 is further connected to the network 120. The block chain network 130 includes a plurality of communication terminals 132_1 to 132_m (m is a natural number) connected to each other via the network 120. Although these communication terminals 132 may have a difference in specifications, they are equivalent in terms of authority and can directly communicate with each other, forming a so-called P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network. The communication terminal 132 is also called a node. In the following description, in order to distinguish from the communication terminal 110, the communication terminal 132 is called a node. At least one of the communication terminals 110 is connected to at least one of the nodes 132 via the network 120. The communication terminal 110 can also function as the node 132. Conversely, the node 132 may also serve as the communication terminal 110. In this case, at least one of the communication terminals 110 may function as the node 132.

  The node 132 is a unit of information processing based on data transmission processing or reception processing, and may be a communication terminal managed by an unspecified owner. In this case, the block chain network 130 is also a public block chain network. be called. Alternatively, the block chain network 130 may be configured such that all or part of the node 132 is managed by the administrator. For example, the block chain network 130 is configured by a plurality of parties in the same industry as the manager. In this case, the block chain network 130 is also called a private block chain network or a consortium block chain network.

[2. Data processing]
2.1 Overview In the data processing method of this embodiment, the user performs some processing on the data 100 via the communication terminal 110 and converts the data 100 into data 102 different from the data 100 (FIG. 1). A flowchart of the data processing method is shown in FIG. In this data processing method, one of the user groups (hereinafter referred to as a first user for convenience) first selects a communication terminal under his / her management (hereinafter referred to as the first communication terminal 110_1 for convenience). The processing request (transaction, TA in the figure) is created using (S100). Thereafter, the user is requested to approve the transaction (S102). The user who has requested approval confirms the transaction and selects approval or non-approval (S104). A certain condition is imposed on whether or not the transaction is finally approved by the user group. If this approval condition is not satisfied, data processing is not allowed and the transaction is discarded (S106). . On the other hand, when the approval condition is satisfied, the data processing is started.

  Although details will be described later, an electronic signature generated from the transaction is used for approval / non-approval of the transaction. Whether the number of electronic signatures satisfies a prescribed number or whether an electronic signature is generated by a predetermined communication terminal 110 is an approval condition.

  When data processing is started, a transaction is broadcast to the block chain network 130 (S110), and the validity of the transaction is verified in the block chain network 130. After the validity is confirmed, a block in which the transaction is stored is generated (S112). The generated block is added to the block chain stored in each node 132 and the block chain is updated (S114), and at the same time, a transaction is executed (S116). Hereinafter, this flow will be described in detail.

2.2 Creating a transaction action (S100)
Initially, the first user creates a transaction. This transaction includes the contents of data processing and approval conditions necessary for starting data processing. The transaction may further include the address of the communication terminal 110 of the user group.

  Transactions are encrypted. The encryption can be performed using, for example, a public key cryptosystem. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first communication terminal 110_1 that transmits the transaction generates two keys used for encryption and decryption. One is the public key 112_1 and the other is the secret key 114_1. The private key 114_1 and the public key 112_1 are paired, and what is encrypted with the private key 114_1 can be decrypted with the public key 112_1, but cannot be decrypted with other keys. Conversely, what is encrypted with the public key 112_1 can be decrypted with the private key 114_1, but cannot be decrypted with other keys. When the transaction TA is encrypted with the private key 114_1, a first electronic signature (ES1) is generated.

2.3 Approval request (S102)
After the transaction is created, the process proceeds to the transaction approval stage. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the first communication terminal 110_1 transmits an approval request signal to the communication terminals 110 owned by other users in the user group (S120). The approval request signal includes the transaction TA before encryption (ie, the original) and the first electronic signature ES1. Further, the first communication terminal 110_1 transmits the public key 112_1 to the communication terminal 110 that is the transmission destination of the approval request signal when transmitting the approval request signal or before or after transmitting the approval request signal. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the approval request signal is transmitted to all of the communication terminals 110 except the first communication terminal 110_1. However, as will be described later, an approval request signal is transmitted to a part of the communication terminals 110. May be selectively transmitted. Moreover, you may transmit to the 1st communication terminal 110_1 self.

  The user who receives the approval request signal decrypts the electronic signature ES1 using the public key 112_1 in the communication terminal 110, and collates the transaction before being encrypted with the transaction generated by decrypting the electronic signature. Verify with. If they are the same as a result of the verification, the transaction is not forged or falsified, and the validity of the transaction is proved. Conversely, if the original transaction and the transaction generated by decrypting the electronic signature are not identical, it can be determined that the transaction has been forged or altered. Although not shown, if the validity is not proved, the transaction is not approved and discarded.

2.4 Approval (S104)
The user of the communication terminal 110 that has received the transaction selects either the action of approving or not approving the transaction (S104). When the approval is selected, the secret key 114_2 generated in the communication terminal (in this case, the second communication terminal for the sake of convenience) 110_2 owned by the user (here, the second user for the sake of convenience) to approve The transaction is encrypted and an electronic signature ES2 is generated (FIG. 3B). The second communication terminal 110_2 has an approval signal including the original transaction TA and the electronic signature ES1 included in the approval request signal transmitted from the first user, and the electronic signature ES2 generated by the second communication terminal 110_2. Is transmitted (S122). Similar to the transmission of the approval request signal, the public key 112_2 corresponding to the secret key 114_2 is also transmitted before, after, or simultaneously with the transmission of the approval signal. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the approval signal is transmitted to all of the communication terminals 110 except the second communication terminal 110_1. However, the approval signal is selectively transmitted to a part of the communication terminals 110. Also good. Further, the approval signal may be self-transmitted to the second communication terminal 110_2. By the process so far, two electronic signatures (ES1 and ES2) corresponding to one transaction are generated.

  Upon receiving the approval signal, the communication terminal 110 can decrypt the two electronic signatures using the corresponding public keys 112_1 and 112_2 and verify the transaction (see FIG. 3B). Thereby, it can be grasped which user has approved.

  If the transaction is not approved, the second communication terminal 110_2 does not transmit an approval signal. Alternatively, a non-approval signal is transmitted. When the non-approval signal is transmitted, the second communication terminal 110_2 does not have to encrypt the transaction. In this case, since the electronic signature of the second user is not generated, the non-approval signal does not include the electronic signature ES2 of the second user.

  Similar approval / non-approval selection and approval signal or non-approval signal transmission can also be performed in the communication terminal 110 of another user (S124, S126).

2.5 Approval conditions The conditions under which a transaction is approved by a user group can be set for each user group. For example, the condition may be set so that the transaction is approved for the first time when all the users approve it. In this case, the transaction is approved by generating n digital signatures.

  Alternatively, the condition may be set so that the transaction is approved by a certain percentage of the user group, for example, 2/3 or majority approval. That is, if k is a natural number greater than 1 and less than or equal to n, the approval condition is set so that the transaction is approved for the first time by sending k-1 approval signals, in other words, by generating electronic signatures of k users. can do. k is arbitrarily selected. For example, when approval of a majority of users is necessary, k is a natural number larger than n / 2.

  Approval authority for the transaction may be given to a part or a specific user. For example, approval authority is given to one or a plurality of group users, and approval authority is not given to other users (that is, non-approval authority is given). The transaction is approved for the first time by obtaining all of the electronic signature generated by the communication terminal 110 of the user having the approval authority (or the electronic signature generated by the intention of the user having the approval authority). Is done.

  Alternatively, the approval conditions described above may be used in combination. For example, it may be set as an approval condition that k is appropriately set and k electronic signatures are generated and an electronic signature of a user having approval authority is generated. Further, approval authority may be appropriately assigned every time an approval request signal is transmitted.

  When granting approval authority to a specific user, the first communication terminal 110_1 may selectively transmit the approval request signal or the public key 112_1 only to the communication terminal 110 owned by the user having approval authority. In this case, the communication terminal 110 of the user who has the authorization authority transmits the approval signal after receiving the public key 112_1. Alternatively, information for specifying the communication terminal 110 of the user having approval authority may be added to the transaction, and the success or failure of the approval may be determined according to this information. Only the unencrypted transaction may be transmitted to the communication terminal 110 owned by the user who does not give the authorization authority. Thereby, a user who does not have the authorization authority can know what processing can be performed on the shared data.

  The approval condition may be changed for each transaction depending on the contents of the data processing. For example, if the processing contents greatly change the data, the approval of all users is required. On the other hand, if the processing contents are minor, only a part of the person having the authorization authority or only the approval of the first user The action may be approved.

  If the approval condition is not satisfied, that is, if the number of approval signals is less than a certain ratio, the transaction is discarded and not executed (S106). More specifically, when the ratio of the number of approval signals to the number of users is less than the ratio of communication terminals 110 held by users having approval authority to the number of communication terminals 110 held by a plurality of users, the transaction is Discarded and not executed. The data processing method ends when the transaction is discarded.

2.6 Broadcast (S110)
When the transaction is approved, execution of the transaction is started. Specifically, first, the transaction is broadcast to the block chain network 130 via the network 120 (S110).

For example, the first communication terminal 110_1 determines whether or not the number of electronic signatures included in the received approval signal satisfies the approval condition. When it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied, the transaction, the electronic signature ES1, and the received electronic signature are broadcast to the block chain network 130 (S128). Note that the communication terminal 110 that performs broadcasting is not limited to the first communication terminal 110_1, and can be arbitrarily set. For example, it may be broadcast from a predetermined communication terminal 110, or the communication terminal 110 that lastly generated an electronic signature necessary to satisfy the approval condition may broadcast.
2.7 Blockchain update

  After the broadcast is performed, the transaction is verified. As shown in FIG. 5A, the storage device of each node 132 of the block chain network 130 stores a block 140 in which past transactions broadcast so far are collected. These blocks 140 are connected in the order of generation to create a time series. The new transaction is verified in the blockchain network 130. When the validity of the transaction is confirmed, a new block 140 including the transaction is generated. The newly generated block (block 140_3 in FIG. 5A) is connected to the previously generated blocks (block 140_1, block 140_2), thereby updating the block chain and performing a transaction. Executed.

  Each electronic signature broadcast from the communication terminal 110 is decrypted at the node 132 using the corresponding public key. The validity of the transaction is determined by the node 132 by comparing the transaction generated by decryption with the original transaction. The node 132 verifies whether the approval condition is satisfied. For example, it is verified that the number of electronic signatures broadcast meets the approval condition described in the transaction, that is, is equal to or more than the number of electronic signatures necessary for the signature. Alternatively, it is verified whether or not the broadcasted electronic signature is an electronic signature of an approval authority specified by the transaction. As a result of this verification process, it is determined that the transaction is valid and the approval condition is satisfied, and then the update of the block chain is started.

  Each block 140 includes a block header 142 and transaction information 144 (FIG. 5A). The transaction information 144 includes information related to a plurality of transactions. The block header 142 multiplexes a hash value 146 obtained by hash calculation (calculation using a cryptographic hash function) of the block header 142 of the preceding block 140, and a plurality of transactions stored in the block 140. A hash tree root (Mercle root) value 148 of the transaction obtained by performing the hash calculation can be included (FIG. 5B).

  The transaction broadcast from the communication terminal 110 is subjected to hash calculation together with other transactions, and a hash tree root value 148 is generated. Hash calculation is performed by combining the obtained hash tree root value 148 and the hash value 146 of the preceding block header (for example, the block header 142 of the block 140_2 in FIG. 5A) to generate a new block 140_3. (S112).

  When the new block 140_3 is generated, the block 140_3 is verified in the block chain network 130 (S112). Specifically, a hash value is obtained using the preceding block 140_2 and the nonce used in the hash calculation as parameters, and it is confirmed whether or not a condition defined in the block chain network 130 is satisfied. If the condition is satisfied, it is regarded as being verified, and a new block 140_3 is added to the block chain in the storage device of the node 132 (S114). As a result, the transaction is further determined and executed (S116).

  The formation of the block chain described above uses a consensus algorithm called PoW (Proof of Work). As the consensus algorithm, various algorithms such as PoS (Proof of Stoke) and PoI (Proof of Impulse) are adopted. can do.

  When the transaction is executed, the node 132 of the block chain network 130 may transmit a report signal to the communication terminal 110 (S152). This signal may be transmitted when it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied, or when a new block including a transaction is added to the block chain.

  The data processing of this embodiment is performed by the above process.

  The hash value obtained by hashing certain data becomes a different numerical value when the original data changes even a little. Therefore, the validity of the data can be verified by using the hash value. As described above, each block 140 includes the hash value 146 obtained from the block header 142 in the previous stage. Therefore, if the contents of a certain block 140 are tampered and forged, the hash value 146 assigned to the block 140 in the next stage or later. Changes. Therefore, in order to make tampering and forgery successful, it is necessary to recalculate all hashes of the subsequent blocks 140, which makes it virtually impossible to tamper and forge.

  When data is shared by multiple users and processed by multiple users using multiple communication terminals connected via a network, data can be altered or forged, or inappropriate if unlimited processing is allowed Changes are made and data value and reliability are lost. For this reason, it is necessary to add some restrictions to the data processing. However, when concentrating on a user with limited processing authority, even if a proposal for processing by a user without processing authority is approved, the user having the processing authority does not necessarily process data according to the proposal. Here, data sharing means that a plurality of users have update processing authority for the same data.

  However, in the data processing method of the present embodiment, a transaction called data processing is broadcast to the block chain network 130 together with the electronic signature and the public key 112 and stored in the block 140. All transactions stored in block 140 can be verified by node 132. The communication terminal 110 can also browse the block chain. For this reason, fraud such as counterfeiting or falsification of a transaction by a user who has processing authority or a third party unrelated to the user group can be suppressed and prevented.

  Further, as described above, in the data processing method of the present embodiment, the data 100 itself is not subjected to encryption processing, and free browsing within the group user is permitted. Therefore, all users can check and monitor the status of the data 100 at any time. In addition, it is possible to prevent unauthorized processing of data by setting approval of all or some of the users as an approval condition for processing of data 100. For this reason, by applying this embodiment, it is possible not only to provide processing convenience for data and provide high convenience for the user, but also to realize data processing capable of maintaining the soundness of data.

(Second Embodiment)
In the present embodiment, a data processing method different from the data processing method of the first embodiment will be described. Descriptions similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted.

  In the data processing method described in the first embodiment, the approval request signal and the approval signal are transmitted and received between the communication terminals 110. The data processing method described in this embodiment is different from the data processing method of the first embodiment in that an approval request signal and an approval signal are transmitted / received via a server 150 that stores or manages the data 100.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the approval request signal is transmitted from the communication terminal 110 (for the sake of convenience, the first communication terminal 110_1) to the server 150 (S140). The server 150 compares the decryption of the electronic signature ES1 with the original transaction, and verifies the validity of the transaction. After the validity is confirmed, the server 150 transmits an approval request signal to all the communication terminals 110, the communication terminals 110 other than the first communication terminal 110_1, or the communication terminal 110 of a user having approval authority (S142). ). The communication terminal 110 that has received the approval request signal transmits an approval signal or a non-approval signal to the server 150 (S144).

  The server 150 decrypts the electronic signature included in the received approval signal and executes the above-described verification process. Thereafter, the server 150 determines whether the approval condition is satisfied by using the received electronic signature. For example, it is determined whether or not the number of received electronic signatures is equal to or greater than the number of electronic signatures stipulated by the transaction, whether or not an electronic signature generated by the communication terminal 110 of the user having the authorization authority is included. .

  When it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied, execution of the transaction is started. That is, the server 150 broadcasts the electronic signature generated using the transaction and the private key 114 of the server 150 to the block chain network 130 (S148). The verification of the transaction and the subsequent block chain update can be performed in the same manner as the method described in the first embodiment. When the block chain is updated, the report signal can be transmitted from the block chain network 130 to each communication terminal 110 via the server 150 (S150, S152).

(Third embodiment)
In this embodiment, a data processing method different from the first and second embodiments will be described. Descriptions similar to those in the first embodiment may be omitted. The data processing method of this embodiment is different from the data processing methods of the first and second embodiments in that the approval request signal is broadcast directly from the communication terminal 110 to the block chain network 130.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the communication terminal 110 that creates a transaction (for convenience, the first communication terminal 110_1) broadcasts the transaction and the electronic signature ES1 to the block chain network 130 (S160). . This transaction can include the address of the communication terminal 110 of the user who performs the approval as well as the processing contents and approval conditions for the data.

  Although not shown in the figure, the first communication terminal 110_1 may transmit a signal for notifying the other communication terminal 110 that a transaction has been transmitted, while transmitting an approval request signal.

  The electronic signature is decrypted at each node 132 in the blockchain network 130 and is subjected to verification together with a transaction. When the validity of the transaction is confirmed, a block 140 including the transaction is generated, and the block chain is updated. Further, an approval request signal is transmitted from the node 132 to the address included in the transaction, that is, the communication terminal 110 of the user group (S162). Note that this approval request signal is not necessarily transmitted. In this case, each communication terminal 110 may access the block chain network 130 and search for a transaction including an approval request for its own address. If the corresponding transaction exists, the communication terminal 110 displays that fact and provides the user with an opportunity to make an approval or non-approval decision.

  Thereafter, the user transmits an approval signal or a non-approval signal to the block chain network 130 via the communication terminal 110 (S164). The node 132 performs decryption of the electronic signature included in these signals and verification of the transaction. Furthermore, a search is made in the block chain based on information described in the transaction, for example, the address of the communication terminal of the user to be approved, and the electronic signature included in the corresponding transaction is specified. The node 132 further determines whether or not the approval condition is satisfied from the number of electronic signatures specified and the address of the communication terminal that generated the electronic signature. When the approval condition is satisfied, the generation of the block and the update of the block chain are started for the execution of the transaction as in the first embodiment. When it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied, or when the update of the block chain is completed, a report signal may be transmitted to each communication terminal 110 (S166).

(Fourth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, a data processing method will be described using an example in which data shared by a plurality of users follows a platform environment provided by a deposit / savings financial institution (hereinafter referred to as a bank). Specifically, a data processing method when the platform is an account and n users share and manage an account (hereinafter referred to as a group account) via the communication terminal 110 will be described. Description of the same contents as those described in the first to third embodiments may be omitted.

[1. Create a transaction action]
First, one of a plurality of users (hereinafter referred to as a first user) creates a transaction for data called a group account. Examples of the transaction include transfer from a user to a group account, transfer from a group account to another group account, and deposit from a group account to an account personally managed by a user in the user group. Specifically, one user (here, referred to as a first user) uses a communication terminal 110 (in this case, referred to as a first communication terminal 110_1) to create a transaction. The first communication terminal 110_1 generates an electronic signature obtained by encrypting the transaction using the secret key 114 (see FIG. 3).

  In such a group account, it is not always necessary to handle legal currency (real currency), and a transaction using virtual currency may be performed. By using the virtual currency, a user who does not directly deal with a financial institution such as a bank providing a platform can easily participate in, participate in, and share and manage the group account. This is because the virtual currency can be purchased by a simple method such as credit card settlement, and can be managed as a wallet using software and applications in the communication terminal 110.

[2. Send / receive approval request signal]
The first user uses the first communication terminal 110_1 to transmit an approval request signal for the transaction to the communication terminal 110 owned by the users in the user group (S120 in FIG. 4). Thereby, all the users can recognize that the process proposal with respect to the data 100 was performed by the 1st user. When only a specific user has the approval authority, the approval request signal may be transmitted only to the communication terminal 110 of the user.

  The communication terminal 110 that has received the approval request signal decrypts the electronic signature using the public key 112, compares it with the transaction, and verifies the transaction (see FIG. 3). As a result of the verification, it is proved that the transaction is valid, that is, the transaction created by the first user, and that the transaction is not forged or altered.

[3. Send / receive approval signal and generate block]
When it is verified that the transaction is valid, the communication terminal 110 that has received the approval request signal displays on the display screen that the approval request signal has been received, and the user is given an opportunity to select whether the transaction is approved or not. To give. When approval of the transaction is selected by the user, an approval signal is transmitted via the communication terminal 110. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the second user transmits an approval signal from the first communication terminal 110_1 and the third communication terminal 110_3 to the nth communication terminal 110_n via the second communication terminal 110_2 ( S122). As described in the first embodiment, the approval signal includes the transaction, the electronic signature ES1 generated by the first communication terminal 110_1, and the electronic signature ES2 generated by the second communication terminal 110_2. Thereby, all the users can recognize that the 2nd user approved the transaction.

  Similarly, the third communication terminal 110_3 to the nth communication terminal 110_n transmit an approval signal to the plurality of communication terminals 110 including the first communication terminal 110_1 (S124, S126). If the user does not approve the transaction, a non-approval signal is transmitted to the plurality of communication terminals 110 including the first communication terminal 110_1. Alternatively, as described in the first embodiment, no signal may be transmitted if the approval is not made.

  When the first communication terminal 110_1 receives the approval signal from all of the other communication terminals 110, it means that the transaction is approved by the group user. Thereafter, the transaction and the electronic signature transmitted from the communication terminal 110 of the user involved in the approval are broadcast to the block chain network 130 (S128), and are used to generate the block 140 as described in the first embodiment. Is done.

  Generation and verification of the block 140 are completed, and a transaction is executed by adding a new block 140 to the existing block chain. At this time, a report signal for notifying that a transaction has been executed may be transmitted from the block chain network 130 to the communication terminal 110 (S130).

[4. Private blockchain]
As described in the second embodiment, an approval request signal and an approval signal may be transmitted and received via a specific server. In addition, a block may be generated, verified, or added within a specific server. The specific server is, for example, a server 150 that is directly or indirectly managed by an administrator who provides the data 100 platform. In this embodiment, the server is a server that is directly or indirectly managed by a financial institution such as a bank. Equivalent to.

  Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the communication terminal 110 is connected to the server 150 via the network 120. Data 100 is stored in server 150. Here, the first communication terminal 110_1 that transmits the transaction transmits an approval request signal to the server 150 (S140 in FIG. 6). The server 150 that has received the transaction transmits an approval request signal to the second communication terminal 110_2 to the nth communication terminal 110_n (S142). Each of the second communication terminal 110_2 to the n-th communication terminal 110_n transmits an approval signal to the server 150 (S144).

  In this case, the broadcast from the server 150 to the block chain network 130 is not performed, and the generation and verification of the block 140 may be performed in the server 150. As a result, an uncertain element that the block chain network 130 is formed by an unspecified number of nodes 132 can be eliminated, and a highly reliable service can be provided to the user.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, a data processing program for executing the above-described data processing method will be described. In this embodiment, as in the fourth embodiment, a bank account will be described as an example of the data platform. The description of the same configuration as that described in the first to fourth embodiments may be omitted.

  The data processing program is installed in the communication terminal 110 owned by a plurality of users who share data. The program may be provided in a state stored in an external recording medium, or may be provided via the network 120.

[1. Open group account]
Open a group account first. This operation may be performed using one of the plurality of communication terminals 110. Here, for the sake of convenience, the user who establishes a group account and the communication terminal are respectively referred to as a first user and a first communication terminal 110_1. The flow of this process is shown in FIG.

  First, the program is activated (S160). At the time of activation, the program may be configured to confirm that the program is operated by a legitimate user by inputting a password or biometric information authentication. After the activation, for example, the display shown in FIG. 10A can be performed on the display screen of the communication terminal 110. Specifically, a list 160 of accounts (for example, accounts A to D) in which the first user is currently participating, and an icon 162 for shifting to a screen for opening a new account are displayed on the screen. The program can be configured to do so. The program may be configured to display an icon 164 for shifting to the initial screen of the program, an icon 168 for shifting to the previous screen, and the like.

  When the user operates the icon 162, the screen shifts to a screen for newly opening a group account (FIG. 10B) (S162), and the first user inputs necessary information. The information to be input can be arbitrarily set. For example, account name and account function selection (S164, S166), user selection (S168), authority setting for the user (S170), and the like are performed according to the flow of FIG. The input order is not limited to the order shown in FIG. 9 and may be set arbitrarily.

  On the new account opening screen (FIG. 10B), an area 170 for displaying notes from a data platform provider (in this case, a bank) can be displayed. At the same time, an area for the first user to input character information may be provided on the display screen. For example, the program can be configured to display areas 172, 174, etc. for entering account names and notes that the first user should be aware of to users in the group. Further, the program is configured to move to the next screen by operating the icon 176.

  When the platform covers various types by function, the program is configured so that the first user can select the function according to the flow S166 of FIG. When the platforms are classified into a plurality of hierarchies, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, a program may be configured so that types can be selected according to hierarchies. For example, on the first function selection screen (FIG. 11A), it is possible to make a selection relating to the transaction authorization authorization. Options include settings that require approval by all users, settings that grant approval authority to some users, or settings that only account openers have approval authority. On the subsequent function selection screen (FIG. 11B), the program may be configured so that the selection of the currency to be used, the validity period of the account, the subsequent handling method, and the like can be selected.

  In the subsequent screen (FIG. 12 (A)), the program is configured so that users who participate in the account can be selected. On this screen, an area 180 for clearly indicating the account opener is displayed, and an icon 182 for adding a user is displayed. By operating the icon 182, the program can be configured to list the contact information stored in the storage device in the first communication terminal 110_1. Thereby, a user can be added only by selecting a user from a list, without inputting the name and contact information of the user to be added.

  An area 184 is an area for listing added users. Icon 186 can be used to delete a user, and the program can be configured to be activated only when a user listed in area 184 is selected, for example.

  The icon 176 is continuously operated to shift to a screen for setting authority (FIG. 12B). Note that this screen may be configured such that the program is skipped when a function that gives authority (such as approval authority) to all users is selected. As shown in FIG. 12B, the program can be configured so that authority setting is performed using an icon 190 in the form of a slide button. Although not shown, the program may be configured so that the approval authority can be varied according to the contents of the transaction at this stage. For example, to switch authorization authority according to various forms, such as whether or not withdrawing from group accounts, whether or not the withdrawal amount exceeds a certain amount, and whether or not the transfer destination is a specific account An input screen may be provided.

  After the setting is completed, in order to confirm the input content (S172), the screen shifts to a confirmation screen as shown in FIG. Here, areas 192 and 194 indicating the contents set by the first user in the flow described above are displayed. An icon 196 for shifting to a screen for changing these settings is also arranged. After confirming the setting, the setting is confirmed by operating the icon 198, and the screen shifts to a screen indicating the completion of setting (FIG. 13B), and a guidance notification is transmitted to the communication terminal 110 owned by the selected user. In this way, the program is configured (S174).

  The program stored in the second communication terminal 110_2 of the user who has received the guidance notification (here, the second user for convenience) is displayed on the display screen of the second communication terminal 110_2 as shown in FIG. It is configured to display as shown in FIG. For example, an account name, areas 200 and 202 indicating the input contents of the first user corresponding to the account name, an area 204 in which a user to whom a guidance notification is transmitted are listed, and an icon 206 for selecting participation / non-participation are displayed. . The program may be configured so that a plurality of tabs can be selected in the area 204. For example, as shown in FIG. 14 (A) and FIG. 14 (B), the user can select a tab that lists users who have already participated, users who have not yet decided to participate or not participate, and users who have chosen not to participate. 204 is configured. Each user determines selection / non-selection by operating the icon 206. Thereby, a response signal is transmitted from the second communication terminal 110_2 to the first communication terminal 110_1 (S176).

  Through the above process, a new group account is opened. Note that the fact that a group account has been newly opened and information on the group account can also be regarded as one transaction. Therefore, the transaction, the electronic signature obtained by encrypting the transaction by the public key cryptosystem, and the public key 112 may be broadcast to the block chain network 130 (S178). As a result, information related to this transaction is added to the newly generated block 140.

  Although details are omitted, the program may be configured so that a user who joins a group account can be added or authority can be changed at any time. The program may be configured so that the platform can be changed. For example, as shown in the display 224 of FIG. 16, by providing an option for transferring an opened account to a new account, it is possible to respond immediately to changes in the usage form of the account. Opening and changing accounts are possible.

  When a group account is opened, the platform provider may issue ID information (ID number, address, etc.) for specifying the group account and transmit it to the communication terminal 110. The ID information is stored in the storage device of each communication terminal 110, and the data processing program can be configured to manage the ID information.

[2. Deposit to group account]
FIG. 15 shows a flow when the user deposits into the group account. When the program is activated (S180), the program displays a screen for selecting an account to be processed. This screen may be, for example, a screen as shown in FIG. In this screen, the user selects an account to be processed from the accounts in which the user participates (S182), and shifts to an initial screen corresponding to the corresponding account. In the following, a process in which a first user selects an account D that is a group account via the first communication terminal 110_1 and deposits coins (unit MC in the figure) as a virtual currency in the account D will be used as an example. I will explain.

  For example, the program is configured such that a screen as shown in FIG. 16 is displayed as the initial screen. In this example, the initial screen can display areas 210, 212, and 214, with information relating to the selected account D, the coin balance that the first user currently has, and other users in the group in each area. Information can be displayed. In the area 212, the program may be configured so that a pull-down menu 216 for selecting a wallet to be used when depositing from the user's own wallet and a wallet balance are displayed in the area 212. The program may further control the communication terminal 110 to display an icon 218 for shifting to a screen for purchasing coins in the area 212 or another area. In the area 214, information such as the total amount of coins deposited by other users in the past and approval authority may be displayed.

  The program is configured to display an icon 222 for the first user to insert a coin into account D. By operating this icon 222, the screen shifts to a screen for inputting information necessary for deposit (FIG. 17A). In this screen, a pull-down menu 230 for selecting the first user's wallet, its balance, an area 232 for inputting and displaying the amount of coins to be deposited (payment amount), an icon 234 for confirming the processing, etc. Can be displayed. A wallet is selected and a deposit amount is input (S184), and then the first user operates the icon 234 to move to a screen for confirming the processing content (FIG. 17B). On this screen, the processing contents for the data 100, that is, information such as the wallet used by the first user, the deposit amount, and the deposit destination are displayed (S186).

  If the processing content needs to be changed, the icon 235 displayed on the display screen is operated. In accordance with this operation, the program causes the first communication terminal 110_1 to redisplay a screen for inputting details of the deposit (FIG. 17A). After confirming on the screen shown in FIG. 17B that the correction of the processing content is unnecessary, the first user performs an operation for confirming the processing. This operation may be performed by operating an icon, or may be performed by causing the first communication terminal 110_1 to recognize biometric information such as a fingerprint. In the example shown in FIG. 17B, a fingerprint recognition area 236 for authenticating a fingerprint by a program is displayed as an image, but biometric information is collected using a recognition device separately mounted on the communication terminal 110_1. It may be used for the confirmation operation.

  Although not shown, a screen for changing and selecting the approval condition may be displayed. Alternatively, the program may be configured so that the approval condition is automatically switched according to the processing content.

  When the processing content is confirmed, the processing content is created as a transaction in accordance with an instruction of the program, encrypted using a public key method, and an electronic signature is generated. Thereafter, the program causes the first communication terminal 110_1 to transmit a transaction request, an electronic signature thereof, and an approval request signal including the public key 112 to the communication terminal 110 owned by another user.

  When the approval of another user is required for the deposit, the program displays a screen for indicating that the approval request signal has been transmitted on the display screen of the first communication terminal 110_1 (FIG. 18B )). Upon receiving the approval request signal, the communication terminal 110 owned by the user responsible for approval follows the instructions of the program installed in the communication terminal 110 and displays the details of the processing contents as shown in FIG. A displayed area 242 is displayed. When approving the processing content, an approval operation can be performed using the fingerprint recognition area 236 or the like. Although not shown, when not approving, an icon for transmitting a non-approval signal may be displayed.

  Thereafter, an approval signal including the electronic signature generated by encrypting the transaction using the secret key 114 of the user who performs the approval, the electronic signature of the first user, and the transaction is generated according to the instructions of the program. This approval signal is transmitted from the communication terminal 110 of the user who has made the approval to the other communication terminal 110_1 (S192) and received (S194). When it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied according to the method described in the first embodiment, the first communication terminal 110_1 transmits the information to each communication terminal 110 (S188). The program stored in the communication terminal 110 displays a screen for displaying that the processing content is approved on the display screen of each communication terminal 110 (FIG. 19B).

  When a specific approval authority is set, the program may be configured to transmit an approval request signal without including the public key 112 to the communication terminals 110 of other users. In this case, on the communication terminal 110 of the user who does not have the approval authority, the program may be configured so that the icons and the fingerprint recognition area 236 necessary for the approval operation are maintained in an inactive state. Thereby, although the approval operation is not allowed in the communication terminal 110 of the user who does not have the approval authority, the contents of the transaction created by the first user can be displayed.

  If the approval condition is not satisfied, the transaction is discarded (S196), and the flow ends.

  If the approval of another user is unnecessary in the deposit, the deposit is executed at the end of the confirmation of the processing content (S186). At this time, the program controls the first communication terminal 110_1 to transmit the deposit information to other users (S188). For example, as shown in FIG. 18A, on the screen of the communication terminal 110 of another user, a display 238 of processing facts and an area showing the details (for example, payment date / time, depositor, deposit amount, deposit destination account name) The program is configured such that 240 is displayed.

  Transaction of depositing via the first communication terminal 110_1 is also one of data processing. Accordingly, a program may be configured to broadcast this transaction to the blockchain network 130 in order to store this transaction as a transaction in block 140 (S198). The broadcast may be performed according to a command of a program stored in the first communication terminal 110_1, or the program may be configured to be performed by the communication terminal 110 held by a user having an authorization authority.

[3. Deposit from group account]
FIG. 20 shows a flow when depositing from a group account to another account. When the program is activated (S200), the program displays a screen for selecting an account to be processed. This screen may be, for example, a screen as shown in FIG. In this screen, the user selects an account to be processed from the accounts in which the user participates (S202), and shifts to an initial screen corresponding to the corresponding account. In the following, a process in which a first user selects an account D which is a group account via the first communication terminal 110_1 and deposits coins from this account D to another account Z will be described as an example.

  The program is configured so that the screen shown in FIG. 16 is displayed as in the case of depositing into the group account. The program is configured to display an icon 220 for the first user to insert coins from the group account into another account. By operating this icon 220, the screen shifts to a screen for inputting information necessary for deposit (FIG. 21A). As shown in FIG. 21A, in this screen, an area 250 indicating the account selected on the previous screen is displayed, and an area 252 for inputting and displaying the account balance and the deposit amount, A pull-down menu 254 for selecting, an icon 256 for confirming the process, and the like can be displayed. Although not shown, an area for inputting a time limit for selecting approval or non-approval may be provided.

  The program is configured such that the input of the deposit amount and the selection of the deposit destination are performed (S204), and then the first user operates the icon 256 to shift to a screen for confirming the processing content (FIG. 21B). (S206). The information on the payment destination is stored as ID information in the storage device of the first communication terminal 110_1 and is managed by a program. Therefore, when adding a new deposit destination, the ID information of the account may be acquired from the platform provider and stored in the storage device. On the screen for confirming the processing contents (FIG. 21B), the processing contents for the data 100, that is, information such as the deposit source account name, the deposit amount, and the deposit destination are displayed.

  If the processing content needs to be changed, the icon 258 displayed on the display screen is operated. In accordance with this operation, the program causes the first communication terminal 110_1 to redisplay a screen for inputting details of the deposit (FIG. 21A). After confirming on the screen shown in FIG. 21B that the correction of the processing content is unnecessary, the first user performs an operation for confirming the processing. This operation may be performed by operating an icon or may be performed using biological information. Similar to the deposit process for the group account, a screen for changing and selecting the approval condition may be displayed at this stage. Alternatively, the program may be configured so that the approval conditions are automatically switched according to the processing content (payment amount, payment destination, etc.) according to the setting at the time of opening the group account.

  When the confirmation operation by the first user is completed, as described in the first to third embodiments, the program considers the data processing of depositing as a transaction and stores the secret key stored in the first communication terminal 110_1. 114 is used for encryption. Thereafter, an approval request signal including a transaction, an electronic signature generated by encrypting the transaction, and the public key 112 is transmitted to all users, a user having approval authority, the server 150, or the block chain network 130 (S208). ). When granting approval authority only to a specific user, the program may be configured to send the public key 112 only to that user and send only the transaction before encryption to other users. Good. When the approval request signal is transmitted, a screen indicating that the approval request signal has been transmitted is displayed on the display screen of the first communication terminal 110_1 in accordance with an instruction of the program (FIG. 22A). ).

  When the communication terminal 110 owned by the user responsible for the approval receives the approval request signal, the communication terminal 110 decrypts the electronic signature in accordance with the instructions of the program, and compares the generated transaction with the original transaction. . When the transaction is verified based on the collation result, an area 260 indicating the details of the processing content is displayed on the display screen of the communication terminal 110 as shown in FIG. In the case of approving the processing content, the approval operation can be performed using the fingerprint recognition area 236 described above or the icon 262 as shown in FIG.

  Thereafter, in the communication terminal 110 of the user who has approved according to the instructions of the program, the transaction, the electronic signature generated using the secret key 114 generated in the communication terminal 110 of the user who performs the approval, and the first communication terminal An approval signal including the electronic signature transmitted from 110_1 is generated. This signal is transmitted to the first communication terminal 110_1 (S210) and received by the first communication terminal 110_1 (S212). When it is determined that the approval condition is satisfied by the method described in the first and second embodiments, the program stored in each communication terminal 110 has a processing content on the display screen of each communication terminal 110. A screen for displaying the approval is displayed (FIG. 23).

  Thereafter, in order to store the data processing of depositing as a transaction in the block 140, the program is configured to broadcast this transaction to the block chain network 130 (S214). The broadcast may be performed according to a command of a program stored in the first communication terminal 110_1, or the program may be configured to be performed by the communication terminal 110 held by a user having an authorization authority. If the approval condition is not satisfied, the transaction is discarded (S216), and the flow ends.

  Although the details are omitted, the above-described flow can be applied to a process for converting a coin and a legal currency, a process for depositing a coin from another account, and the like.

  As described above, by using the data processing method and data processing program according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to easily acquire and use a data platform shared and managed by a plurality of users such as a group account. Can do. In addition, there is no special authority or time restrictions on the use of the platform, and anyone can obtain and use it anytime by installing a data processing program in the communication terminal. In addition, the user who participates in the platform and the authorization authority can be easily set, and the participating user can view the data (for example, deposit / withdrawal history and balance) on the platform without being restricted by time. Therefore, it is possible not only to prevent the user from wasting labor and time but also to effectively use the human resources of the platform provider.

  Furthermore, the data itself on the platform does not need to be encrypted or protected by a password, so that participating users can view the data and its update history without requiring special authority. In addition, since the processing for data is stored in the block chain, it is possible to maintain the soundness of the data at a high level. As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to manage and use data with excellent user convenience and safety.

  Based on the above-described embodiments, those in which those skilled in the art appropriately added, deleted, or changed the design of components and processes are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as they have the gist of the present invention.

  100: data, 102: data, 110: communication terminal, 110_1: first communication terminal, 110_2: second communication terminal, 110_3: third communication terminal, 110_n: third communication terminal, 112: public key, 114: private key, 120: network, 130: block chain network, 132: node, 134: hash value, 140: block, 142: block header, 144: transaction information, 146: hash value, 148: hash tree root value , 150: server, 160: list, 162: icon, 164: icon, 168: icon, 170: area, 172: area, 174: area, 176: icon, 180: area, 182: icon, 184: area, 186 : Icon, 190: Icon, 192: Area, 194: Area 196: Icon, 198: Icon, 200: Region, 202: Region, 204: Region, 206: Icon, 210: Region, 212: Region, 214: Region, 216: Pull-down menu, 218: Icon, 220: Icon, 222 : Icon, 224: display, 230: pull-down menu, 232: area, 234: icon, 235: icon, 236: fingerprint recognition area, 238: display, 240: area, 242: area, 250: area, 252: area, 254: Pull-down menu, 256: Icon, 256: Icon, 258: Icon, 260: Area, 262: Icon

Claims (8)

Transmitting an approval request signal for executing a transaction on data shared in a group constituted by a plurality of nodes to at least one of the plurality of nodes;
A procedure for receiving an approval signal from a node corresponding to a certain percentage of the plurality of nodes that have received the approval request signal;
Broadcasting the transaction and an electronic signature of the transaction to a blockchain network based on the received approval signal , and executing the transaction by adding a block including information about the transaction to the blockchain. Including signal processing method.   The signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the approval signal is generated by adding an electronic signature in the node.   The signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the transaction is discarded when the approval signal received in the procedure of receiving the approval signal is less than the predetermined ratio of the plurality of nodes. The approval signal includes the transaction and an electronic signature generated from the transaction,
The signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the approval is determined by a total number of the electronic signatures included in the received approval signal. A procedure for transmitting an approval request signal for execution of a transaction on data shared in a group constituted by a plurality of nodes from one of the plurality of nodes to at least one other of the plurality of nodes;
A procedure for receiving an approval signal from a node corresponding to a certain percentage of the plurality of nodes that have received the approval request signal;
Broadcasting the transaction and the electronic signature of the transaction to a blockchain network based on the approval of the received approval signal , and executing the transaction by adding a block including information about the transaction to the blockchain. A signal processing program configured to be executed by a plurality of nodes. The signal processing program according to claim 5 , wherein the signal processing program is configured to cause the plurality of nodes to generate the approval signal by adding an electronic signature. The signal processing program according to claim 5 , wherein the transaction is discarded when the approval signal received in the procedure of receiving the approval signal is less than the predetermined ratio of the plurality of nodes. The signal processing program according to claim 6, wherein the approval is determined by a total number of the electronic signatures included in the received approval signal.

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