JP6311215B2 - Human absence detection method and human absence detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a human absence / absence detection method and apparatus capable of detecting the presence / absence of a person based on the respiratory activity of the person's lungs and the vibration caused by the heartbeat in a bed and a bed laid on the floor. .

  In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a body movement such as a person's movement, heartbeat vibration, or respiration is detected by a landing / bedout detection sensor of a piezo piezoelectric element formed in a cord shape installed in a bed. If there is no detection signal for a predetermined time or more, it is determined that the person from the bed has left the floor, and if the detection signal is longer than the predetermined time, the person has landed.

  Moreover, in patent document 3, the fluctuation | variation of the pressure signal of the mattress which enclosed the incompressible fluid laid under the bedding is detected with a condenser microphone, and the fluctuation | variation of a person's respiration signal is detected and preserve | saved as respiration data in a memory | storage part. Then, based on the respiration data stored in the storage unit, when the amplitude of the respiration signal equal to or higher than the threshold value, which is the minimum value of the respiration amplitude in the supine position, continues for a predetermined time or more, it is determined whether to enter or leave the bed. .

  Moreover, in patent document 4, the vibration resulting from a person's respiration, a heartbeat, and a body motion is detected and made into an output signal with the piezo sheet | seat installed in the bedding. When the absolute value of the integrated value of the 20 information of the output signal X (t) is smaller than the predetermined value X0, 0 is set as the presence / absence determination result.

  Further, in Patent Document 5, a dynamic voltage signal obtained by detecting vibration due to pulsation of the heart of the living body, lung respiration, and body movement with a vibration sensor of a porous polypropylene electret film or polyvinylidene fluoride film is used. Originally, the presence / absence of the living body is determined by making a comparative determination using the presence reference voltage value and the elapsed time of absence.

  Further, in Patent Document 6, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), a capacitance type vibration sensor, an air bag type vibration sensor, a vibration pickup, or the like installed in the bedding is used to detect 0.5 to 1 from a human vibration signal. A frequency component of .5 Hz is extracted, and the presence / absence state is determined based on the presence / absence of a detection signal as a heartbeat signal over a certain period of time.

  Further, in Patent Document 7, a vibration due to the heartbeat of an animal body, vibration due to lung respiration, vibration due to body movement is detected by a porous polypropylene electret film, polyvinylidene fluoride film, an acceleration sensor, and a weight sensor. Monitors the disappearance of two corresponding signals or signals corresponding to any combination, and notifies them by sound, light, text display, and the like.

JP 2005-237684 A JP 2005-177313 A JP 2006-280686 A JP 2002-186597 A JP 2008-93395 A JP 2007-202847 A JP 2010-75651 A

  In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the judgment of landing bed leaving is made from the output signal of the landing bed leaving detection sensor using the presence / absence of a detection signal due to body motion such as heartbeat vibration or breathing of the person using the bed and the duration. However, in these inventions, the detection signal extraction method and the determination method of whether or not the detection signal is present are unknown. In addition, it is not applicable when laying bedding on the floor or tatami in Japan.

  Moreover, in patent document 3, since the entrance and leaving are determined based on the respiration data of the person stored in the storage unit, it is not possible to make an immediate determination. Moreover, although the threshold value which is a criterion is the minimum respiratory amplitude value in the supine position (upward), the minimum respiratory amplitude value changes in the lateral position (sideways), and the determination becomes unstable. Furthermore, when the respiratory activity is temporarily stopped or the breathing becomes shallow due to a medical condition of apnea syndrome or the like, when the time when the respiratory signal cannot be detected continues for a predetermined time or more, it is determined that the person is getting out of bed.

  Further, in Patent Document 4, when the absolute value of the integrated value of 20 information of the output signal X (t) of a person's heartbeat, breathing, and body motion vibration is less than a predetermined value X0 on a piezo sheet installed on the bedding, 0 is set. In other cases, 1 is used as the presence / absence determination result, but the invention described in Patent Document 4 is an invention related to the processing method and there is no specific example. In addition, there is no description of the sampling interval time for acquiring 20 information, and if it is set to 10 seconds, it is difficult to determine vibration due to breathing or heartbeat, and it takes about 200 seconds to obtain the result. Since the output signal from the piezo sheet includes a noise signal in addition to the human heartbeat, respiration and body motion vibration signals, the heartbeat, respiration and body motion vibration output signal X (t) In order to obtain, an extraction filter is required.

  Further, in Patent Document 5, there is a problem that a vibration due to a heart beat, lung respiration, and body movement of a living body is detected by a vibration sensor of a porous polypropylene electret film or a polyvinylidene fluoride film. In addition, extraneous vibration from the vicinity where the vibration sensor is installed is also detected, making it difficult to determine the presence or absence. An extraction filter is required to detect heartbeats, pulmonary breathing, and body vibrations.

  In Patent Document 6, the frequency component of 0.5 to 1.5 Hz of the heartbeat is extracted from the vibration signal of the human body to determine whether or not the heartbeat signal is detected over a predetermined time as the heartbeat signal. The floor and the bed are determined. In the frequency component extraction of 0.5 to 1.5 Hz, the heart rate is 30 to 90 times / minute, and when there are 90 or more heartbeats, it is determined to be a bed. End up. At the same time, if a person's lung breathing is 30 times / minute (0.5 Hz) or more, it is included in the frequency component extraction of 0.5 to 1.5 Hz. Moreover, the Example about the extraction method of the frequency component of 0.5-1.5 Hz is not described.

  Further, in Patent Document 7, in a situation where an animal living body already exists on the living body vibration sensor, any of vibrations caused by the heartbeat of the animal living body, vibrations caused by lung respiration, and vibrations caused by body movements is detected. This is a device that reports the disappearance of a physical condition by monitoring the disappearance of one corresponding signal or a signal corresponding to any combination, and there is no description of a detection event of the absence of an animal living body. Absence is the absence of vibration due to heartbeat, vibration due to pulmonary breathing, and vibration due to body movement, and the presence is the presence of at least vibration due to heartbeat and vibration due to lung respiration. Is done.

  In Patent Literatures 1 to 5, vibrations caused by a person's heartbeat and breathing or body vibrations are detected by sensors, and the presence or absence of a person is determined based on the output signals. It also detects vibrations from the surrounding area (floor vibration caused by walking by others, floor vibration transmitted from the adjacent room, nearby vehicle vibration, etc.). For this reason, there is no separation function from vibration caused by a person, and it is difficult to determine the absence or the like.

  Therefore, the present invention detects vibrations generated from a human body with a vibration sensor to obtain a body vibration signal, and the body vibration signal includes floor vibration of a person walking around the place where the vibration sensor is installed. Therefore, heart beat (heart rate conversion: 30 to 240 times / min, frequency band conversion: 0.5 to 4 Hz) and lung respiratory activity (respiration rate conversion: 60) which are body vibrations caused by the target person The processing is performed using a separation filter function that extracts only vibrations at a frequency of less than times / minute, frequency band conversion: 1 Hz or less.

In addition, the recognition of being a person satisfies the requirement for the absence of a person by separating and extracting “vibration due to the pulsation of the heart” by filtering, but breathing by tachypnea or polypnea depending on the person's health condition. number increases or, including vibration caused by respiratory activity of vibration and lung by beating of the heart because the heart rate is obtained Ri Kotogaa state happen to overlap respiratory rate and heart rate decreased in such bradycardia "cardiopulmonary activity "Vibration by" is also a requirement for absence. Further, in the state of wearing a heel, pulmonary breathing disturbance and body vibration also occur, so the detection accuracy of presence absence is increased by detecting the state of heel.

  Furthermore, a person who has the function of sufficiently amplifying the body vibration signal as a means for eliminating the change in strength of the body vibration signal due to the difference in the body position of the person, and detects the absence of the person by further amplifying the extracted signal after the filtering process An object of the present invention is to provide a presence / absence detection method and a presence / absence detection apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, a human presence absence detection method and a human presence absence detection apparatus according to the present invention detect a vibration signal from a vibration of a body emitted by a person at a predetermined place, and perform a filtering process on the vibration signal due to the vibration. When the detected vibration signal exceeds a predetermined existence duration, the person is present at the predetermined location, and when the absence of the vibration signal exceeds a predetermined absence duration, the person It is characterized in that it is determined that the user is absent from the place.

  Also, by extracting the pulsation vibration caused by the pulsation of the heart from the vibrations of the body emitted by the person at the predetermined place, the person can move to the predetermined place when the state with the pulsation vibration exceeds the predetermined existence duration. It is characterized in that it is determined that a person is absent at a predetermined location when the presence of the heartbeat vibration is not longer than a predetermined absence duration.

  Also, pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by pulmonary breathing is extracted from body vibrations generated by a person at a predetermined location, and the person is present at the predetermined location when the presence of the pulmonary respiratory vibration exceeds the predetermined existence duration. It is characterized in that it is determined that the person is absent at the predetermined location by the fact that the state is absent and the state where there is no pulmonary respiratory vibration exceeds a predetermined absence duration.

  In addition, when both the pulsation vibration caused by the heart pulsation and the pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by pulmonary breathing from the vibration of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined location exceed the predetermined existence duration, It is characterized in that it is determined that a person is not present at a predetermined place when a person is present at a predetermined place and a state where neither pulsation vibration nor pulmonary respiratory vibration exceeds a predetermined absence duration. Yes.

  In addition, a person is present at a predetermined location by extracting the vibration caused by the heel from the vibrations of the body emitted by the person at the predetermined location, and the state where the heel vibration is present exceeds the predetermined existence duration. In addition, it is characterized in that it is determined that a person is absent at a predetermined location when the state where no vibration is present exceeds a predetermined absence continuation time or more. Here, “鼾” is a general term for signals caused by voices uttered by a person, and specifically refers to vibrations generated from sputum, cough, sleep, bruxism, and the like.

Further, body motion vibration pulse groups caused by body motion are extracted from body vibrations generated by a person at a predetermined location, and there are at least two states in which the body motion vibration pulse groups exist within a predetermined period. It is determined that the person is absent from the predetermined place by the fact that the person is present at the predetermined place and that the number of body motion vibration pulse groups is one or less within a predetermined period. It is characterized by that.
Further, vibration sensor means that is installed near a person and converts body vibration generated by the person into a body vibration electrical signal, and a pulsation of pulsation vibration caused by a heart beat from the body vibration electrical signal Based on the pulsating filter means for extracting the oscillating electrical signal and the threshold voltage serving as the reference for the absence / presence comparison, the time during which the pulsating oscillating electrical signal is detected is predetermined. The time when the person exists in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means at the time when the existence duration is exceeded or more and the time during which the pulsating electrical signal is not detected is continued for a predetermined absence duration or more. It is characterized in that it is determined that the person is not present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means when the value exceeds the threshold.

  In addition, a vibration sensor means that is installed in the vicinity of a person and converts a body vibration generated by the person into a body vibration electrical signal, and a lung respiratory vibration electrical signal from the body vibration electrical signal to a lung respiratory vibration caused by lung respiration The lung breathing vibration filter means for detecting the presence of the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal is detected based on a threshold voltage that is used as a reference for the absence / existence comparison. The person is present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means at the time of exceeding, and the person who has been in the state of no detection of the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal exceeds the predetermined absence duration It is characterized in that it is determined that it is absent in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means.

  Also, a vibration sensor means that is installed in the vicinity of a person and converts body vibration generated by the person into a body vibration electrical signal, and pulsation vibration and lung respiration caused by the heart beat from the body vibration electrical signal. Pulsating pulmonary respiration filter means for extracting pulsating pulmonary respiration vibration signal including pulmonary respiration vibration and detection of pulsating pulmonary respiration vibration electric signal based on threshold voltage which is a reference for comparison of absence A person is present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means at the time when the existing state exceeds the predetermined existence duration and a state in which no pulmonary lung respiratory vibration electrical signal is detected. It is characterized in that it is determined that the person is absent in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means when the continuing time exceeds a predetermined absence continuation time.

  In addition, vibration sensor means installed in the vicinity of a person to convert the body vibration generated by the person into a body vibration electrical signal, and the vibration vibration electrical signal of the eyelid vibration caused by the eyelid is extracted from the body vibration electrical signal.人 When the time that the vibration electric signal has been detected exceeds the predetermined existence duration based on the vibration filter means and the threshold voltage that is used as a reference for comparison of absence, Is present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means, and when the time during which no vibration electric signal is detected exceeds the predetermined absence duration, the person is in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means. It is characterized by determining absence.

  The pulsating filter means is a high-pass filter (HPF) that passes a frequency band equal to or higher than a cutoff frequency (cutoff frequency) set to 1 Hz in the frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal. And a low-pass filter (LPF) that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the cutoff frequency (cut-off frequency) set to 4 Hz.

  The pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means includes a low-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the cut-off frequency set to 1 Hz in the frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal.

  Further, the pulsating lung respiration filter means includes a low-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than a cutoff frequency set to 4 Hz in the frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal.

  The wrinkle vibration filter means includes a high-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or higher than a cutoff frequency that is set to exceed 100 Hz, and a frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal, and a frequency that is higher than or equal to 400 Hz and lower than or equal to 1000 A low-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the cutoff frequency set within the range is provided.

The vibration sensor means is a porous polypropylene electret film (EMFI: Electro Mechanical Film).
Further, the vibration sensor means is a polyvinylidene fluoride film (PVDF).

Also, the vibration sensor means is characterized in that a full Kka vinylidene trifluoroethylene copolymer (P (VDF-TrFE)) .
Also, the vibration sensor means is characterized in that a full Kka vinylidene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (P (VDF-TeFE)) .
The vibration sensor means is in the form of a thin film and has any one of a comb shape, a spiral shape, and a lightning shape.

Further, the vibration sensor means is a thin film sheet, and is characterized by having a shape having one or both of a polygon and a curved shape of 5 to 1000 squares.
Moreover, it has the reporting means which reports to either one or both of the vicinity and the far of the person in the state of either the presence or the absence.

In addition, the four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement are monitored in real time from body vibrations generated by a person at a predetermined location, and apnea syndrome is determined by the presence or absence of each monitored signal. Features.
Apnea syndrome is determined by means of real-time monitoring of the four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from the vibrations of the body generated by a person at a predetermined location and the presence or absence of each monitored signal. And determining means.
In addition, reference values of four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement are obtained in advance from the vibration of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined place and stored, and the actual values measured with the reference values of these four signals are measured. And the terminal signal of the person is determined.
In addition, a storage means for preliminarily obtaining and storing reference values of four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from vibrations of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined place, and a reference for the stored four signals Comparing means for comparing the value with the actual four signals measured, and determining means for determining the terminal period of the person based on the comparison result of the comparing means.
In addition, four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement are detected from body vibrations generated by a person in a predetermined place, and a first threshold value for the absence of these four signals and a weak signal are detected. A second threshold value is provided, and when a body motion signal among the detected signals is generated, it is determined that a person has risen based on the first and second threshold values.
In addition, detection means for detecting four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from body vibrations generated by a person in a predetermined place, and a first threshold value for determining the absence of these four signals And a storage means for storing a second threshold value for detecting a weak signal, and when a body motion signal among the detected signals is generated, a person wakes up based on the first and second threshold values. And determining means for determining.

  According to the present invention, presence / absence can be determined by recognizing that a person is a living body based on the presence or absence of detection of body vibration caused by pulsation of a heart that is a living body and vibration caused by lung respiration.

It is a figure which shows the example of installation of the apparatus in an Example. It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the apparatus structure in an Example. It is a figure which shows a body motion vibration waveform. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the pulsation filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the lung respiration vibration filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the soot vibration filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the pulsation lung respiration vibration filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the output waveform of the filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the output waveform of the filter means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the bed leaving determination means by the pulsation vibration electrical signal of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the bed leaving determination means by the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the bed leaving determination means by the vibration electric signal of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the bed leaving / entering determination means by the presence or absence of a wrinkle of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the vibration sensor means of the apparatus in an Example. It is a figure which shows the Example of the rising sensor.

  A human presence absence detection method and a human presence absence detection apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an installation example of an apparatus in the embodiment. In the bed 11 where it is necessary to detect the presence or absence of a person, the vibration sensor means 10 is installed above or below the bed pad 13 or the mattress 12. In the bedding laid on the floor, the vibration sensor means 10 is installed on the upper or lower portion of the mattress 14. The vibration of the body 15 generated by the person 15 existing on the bed 11 or the mattress 14 is detected by the vibration sensor means 10, and the presence or absence of the person is determined by the presence or absence of the body vibration.

  Extracting the pulsation vibration caused by the pulsation of the heart from the body vibration, and the pulsation vibration exceeds the predetermined existence duration, the person 15 is present on the bed 11 or the mattress 14, and the pulsation It is determined that the person 15 is absent when the state without vibration exceeds a predetermined absence continuation time or more. By extracting the pulmonary respiration vibration resulting from pulmonary respiration from the body vibration and the pulmonary respiration vibration exceeds the predetermined existence duration, the person 15 is present on the bed 11 or the mattress 14, and the pulmonary respiration beat When the state where there is no dynamic vibration exceeds a predetermined absence continuation time or more, it is determined that the person 15 is absent.

  The person 15 is present on the bed 11 or the mattress 14 when both the pulsation vibration caused by the heart beat from the body vibration and the pulmonary breathing vibration caused by the pulmonary respiration exceed the predetermined existence duration. The presence of both pulsation vibration and pulmonary breathing vibration exceeds the predetermined absence duration, and the person 15 is absent. Exceeds the predetermined existence duration, the person 15 is present on the bed 11 or the mattress 14, and the state where there is no heel vibration exceeds the predetermined absence duration, the person 15 is absent. This is a method for detecting the absence of a person who is determined to be.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the apparatus configuration in the embodiment. In this block, the vibration sensor 101 which is the vibration sensor means 100 detects a human body vibration as a body vibration electrical signal 102. The body vibration electrical signal 102 is amplified by a differential signal amplification amplifier 110. The pulsating filter means 120 extracts the pulsating vibration electric signal 123 of the pulsating vibration caused by the pulsation of the human heart based on the body vibration electric signal 102.

  In this case, the pulsation filter means 120 is set to 4 Hz and a high-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or higher than the cutoff frequency set to 1 Hz in the frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal. A low-pass filter that passes a frequency band below the cutoff frequency is provided (details will be described later).

  The pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means 121 includes a low-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the cut-off frequency set to 1 Hz in the frequency component of the body vibration electrical signal. In this case, the pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means 121 extracts a pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 124 of pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by human lung respiration (details will be described later).

  Further, the wrinkle vibration filter means 122 extracts a wobble vibration electric signal 125 of wrinkle vibration caused by a human wrinkle. Further, the body motion vibration filter means 150 extracts a body motion vibration electric signal 151 caused by a human body motion. As can be seen from the above description, in the present invention, the human vibrational electrical signal is separated by a filter according to the type of vibration, each separated signal is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and the person is based on the comparison result. It is characterized in that the presence / absence of the existence is determined.

In FIG. 2, 260 is a reference sensor means for outputting a reference value of body motion vibration, and 261 is a storage device for storing various data calculated by the CPU 142. For example, a hard disk device is used as the storage device 261.
In this type of filter means, the pulsation filter means 120, the lung respiratory vibration filter means 121, the hemorrhoid vibration filter means 122, and the body motion vibration filter means 150 are a low-pass filter (LPF) composed of a capacitor, a resistor, an operational amplifier, or the like. A high-pass filter (HPF) analog filter or an analog signal that is the body vibration electrical signal 102 is converted into a digital signal by an A / D converter and converted into a digital signal for calculation processing by a CPU (central processing unit) It is possible to configure either one or both of digital filters that perform filtering.

  The digital filter can be configured by an A / D converter and a CPU dedicated to the filter processing unit, but can be processed by the A / D converter 141 and the CPU 142 of the presence / absence determination unit 140. In the presence / absence determination means (also referred to as leaving bed / entrance determination means) 140, when the extracted pulsating vibration electrical signal 123 is an analog signal, the data is digitized using the A / D converter 141, and the CPU 142. The threshold voltage which is the reference for the comparison judgment of the absence / existence is compared.

  Then, based on the comparison result, when the time during which the pulsating vibration electric signal 123 has been detected exceeds the predetermined existence duration, the person can It is determined that it is present in the vicinity of a vibration sensor means such as body movement. Further, the time during which the pulsating vibration electric signal 123 is detected is compared with a predetermined existence duration. Then, when the time during which the pulsating vibration electric signal continues in the state of no detection exceeds a predetermined non-existence continuation time, the CPU 142 in the presence / absence determination unit 140 causes the person to detect the vibration sensor unit 100. Determine that you are not in the vicinity. In addition, the presence / absence determination unit 140 is not present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor unit 100 when the time during which the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal 124 is not detected exceeds the predetermined absence duration. It is determined that.

  When the extracted vibrational electrical signal 125 is an analog signal, the data digitized by the A / D converter 141 is compared with a threshold voltage that is a reference for the absence / existence comparison by the CPU 142. Then, the CPU 142 determines that a person is present in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means 100 when the time during which the vibration electric signal 125 is detected exceeds the predetermined existence duration.

  Further, when the time during which the vibration electric signal 125 is not detected exceeds a predetermined absence duration, it is determined that the person is not present near the vibration sensor means. Furthermore, if the signal of the body motion vibration electric signal 151 is detected at least twice within a predetermined period, it is determined that a person exists in the vicinity of the vibration sensor means 100. On the contrary, if the body motion vibration electric signal 151 is detected once or less within a predetermined time, it is determined that the person is absent.

  The reason why the presence / absence of a person is different depends only on the body vibration electric signal is as follows. This is because body motion vibrations detect the behavior of a person getting up from the bed or sleeping on the bed, and the behavior is not as frequent as pulsation or breathing. If there is at least two body vibrations within a predetermined time, it can be determined that the person is getting up from bed or sleeping. Conversely, if the body motion vibration is less than once within a predetermined time, it can be determined that the person who got up has gone out as it is.

  Note that the body motion vibration has a very large amplitude of the detection signal as compared with the case where a signal such as a pulsation is detected. For example, while the pulsation vibration signal is several tens of mV, the magnitude is 10V. In other words, it is about 1000 times larger than other body vibrations.

As described above, since the present invention detects four types of vibration using one vibration sensor 101, these four vibration signals are mixed in the output of one amplifier.
Therefore, the body motion vibration detection means 150 outputs a body motion vibration electrical signal using the output of the reference sensor means 260. Then, to detect the body movement only vibration from your body oscillatory electrical signal 102. The detected body motion vibration signal is input to the negative input of the differential signal amplification amplifier 110. On the other hand, the body vibration electrical signal 102 is inputted as it is to the positive input of the differential signal amplification amplifier 110. Therefore, the differential signal amplification amplifier 110 outputs the body vibration electrical signal 102 ′ from which the body motion vibration signal is removed.

  The body vibration electrical signal 102 'is input to the pulsation filter means 120, the lung respiration vibration filter means 121, and the sputum vibration filter means 122, and the respective vibration signals are selected. As a result, the pulsation filter means 120 outputs only the pulsatile vibration electrical signal 123, the pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means 121 outputs only the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 124, and the hemorrhoid vibration filter means 122 outputs the pulsatile vibration electrical signal 124. Only the signal 125 is output.

On the other hand, the output of the body motion vibration detection means 150 enters the body motion vibration filter means 152, and the body motion vibration filter means 152 outputs only the body motion vibration electrical signal 151.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a body motion vibration waveform. The vertical axis represents voltage (V), and the horizontal axis represents time. The horizontal axis is indicated by broken lines at 1 second intervals. As shown in the figure, the amplitude of the body motion vibration waveform is as large as ± 4 to ± 4.5 V, and it can be seen that it is pulsed. The body motion vibration is larger than other vibrations such as pulsation vibration, lung respiration vibration, and hemorrhoid vibration (all outputs are as small as 10 mV).

  The body motion vibration filter unit 152 is configured by an analog or digital filter, converts the input body motion vibration signal into a signal having an optimum amplitude, outputs the signal, and inputs the signal to the presence / absence determination unit 140. As described above, since the body motion vibration signal has a pulse shape, the pulse signal can be obtained by differentiating the output. This pulse signal enters the presence / absence determination means 140 as a body vibration electric signal 151.

  In the presence / absence determination means 140, the A / D converter 141 converts the input signal into a digital signal and supplies it to the CPU 142. The CPU 142 counts the number of input pulses within a predetermined time. If the number of pulses is two or more as a result of counting, it is determined that there is a person, and if the number of pulses is one or less, it is determined that there is no person. Next, a method for detecting a pulsation vibration signal, a lung respiration vibration signal, and a sputum vibration signal will be described. The differential vibration amplification amplifier 110 amplifies the differential signal until the output of the differential signal becomes V order. Each vibration electrical signal extracted in this way can be separated into each vibration signal by a filter means, as will be described later.

  Now, the reporting unit 160 performs reporting by lighting an LED or sounding a buzzer based on the presence / absence determination signal 143 from the presence / absence determination unit 140. Or report to the nurse call device or to the outside through the communication line.

  The storage device 261 stores various data created by the CPU 142. For example, the outputs of the pulsation filter unit 120, the lung respiratory vibration filter unit 121, the sputum vibration filter unit 122, and the body motion vibration filter unit 152 are stored in time series.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the pulsating filter means 120 of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the input signal voltage (V), and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (Hz). Moreover, in the figure, the same thing as what is shown in FIG. 2 attaches | subjects and shows the same code | symbol. The pulsating filter frequency characteristic 160 of the analog filter and the digital filter which are the pulsating filter means 120 for extracting the pulsating oscillating electrical signal 123 of the vibration caused by the pulsation of the human heart from the body oscillating electrical signal 102 of FIG. Is a high pass filter (HPF) 162 that passes a frequency band higher than the HPF cutoff frequency (cutoff frequency) 163 set to 1 Hz, and an LPF cutoff frequency (cutoff frequency) set to 4 Hz. This is a filter having a characteristic of allowing only a frequency band of 1 to 4 Hz to pass through a combination of a low pass filter (LPF) 161 that passes a frequency band of 164 or lower.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the lung respiratory vibration filter means 121 of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the figure, the vertical axis represents voltage (V) and the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz). The pulmonary respiratory vibration filter frequency of the analog filter and the digital filter which are the pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means 121 for extracting the pulmonary respiratory vibration electric signal 124 of the pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by human lung respiration from the body vibration electric signal 102 of FIG. The characteristic 170 is a low-pass filter 171 that passes the frequency band of the LPF cutoff frequency 172 or less set at 1 Hz, and is a filter that has a characteristic of passing the frequency band of 1 Hz or less in the frequency band 171 of 1 Hz or less.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the vibration filter means 122 of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the input voltage (V), and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (Hz). The same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The soot vibration filter frequency characteristic 180 of the analog filter and the digital filter, which is the soot vibration filter means 122 for extracting the soot vibration electrical signal 125 of the soot vibration caused by the human soot from the body vibration electrical signal 102 of FIG. A high-pass filter 181 that passes a frequency band equal to or higher than the HPF cutoff frequency 182 set to 100 Hz, and a low-pass filter 183 that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the LPF cutoff frequency 184 set within a range of 400 Hz to 1000 Hz or less. This is a filter having a characteristic of allowing only a frequency band of 100 to 1000 Hz or less to pass in combination.

Figure 7 is a graph showing the frequency characteristic of the pulsatile lung respiration vibration filter hand stage of the apparatus in the embodiment. The same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The pulsatile vibration electrical signal 123 of vibration caused by the pulsation of the human heart and the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 124 of pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by lung respiration are simultaneously extracted from the body vibration electrical signal 102 shown in FIG. beat lung respiration vibration filter means beat dynamic lung respiratory vibration filter frequency characteristic 190 of an analog filter and a digital filter is that is a low-pass filter 191 which passes the LPF cutoff frequency 192 below the frequency band set by the 4 Hz, It is a filter having a characteristic of passing a frequency band of 4 Hz or less.

  8 and 9 are diagrams showing output waveforms of the filter means of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the waveforms (A) in these figures, the vertical axis represents the input voltage (V), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). In the waveform (B), the vertical axis represents the input voltage (V) and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). In the waveform (C), the vertical axis represents input voltage (V) and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). In the waveform (D), the vertical axis represents input voltage (V) and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). In the waveform (E), the vertical axis represents input voltage (V), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds).

  The waveform (B) is a waveform of the pulsating vibration electric signal 202 extracted by the pulsating filter means based on the body vibration electric signal 200 caused by the vibration of the body indicated by the waveform (A), and is detected. The presence / absence of the comparison is determined based on the threshold voltage (V) 201. The comparison determination is performed by determining whether or not the pulsating vibration electric signal 202 exists above and below the threshold voltage 201.

  A waveform (C) is a waveform of the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 204 extracted by the pulmonary respiratory vibration filter means 121, and the presence or absence of detection is compared and determined based on the threshold voltage (V) 203. A waveform (D) is a waveform of the vibration electric signal 206 extracted by the vibration filter means, and the presence / absence of detection is compared and determined based on the threshold voltage (V) 205. These threshold voltages 201, 203, and 205 are predetermined voltage values so that an optimum detection signal can be obtained.

  Waveform (E) shows a state in which the pulsation filter means enters a frequency band of 1 to 4 Hz that is filtered by the pulsation filter means when the activity of pulmonary respiration exceeds 60 times / minute. It shows that the pulsation vibration is extracted in the section where the lung respiratory vibration exceeds 60 times / minute and the section where the lung respiratory vibration falls. On the contrary, even when the vibration caused by the pulsation is less than 60 times / minute and the lung breathing vibration filter means 121 (see FIG. 2) enters the frequency band of 1 Hz or less to be filtered, the lung breathing vibration filter It can be captured by means 121.

  If the activity of the pulmonary respiration is increased or the pulsation is reduced, 4 Hz as shown by the pulsatile pulmonary respiration vibration filter means of FIG. 7 is used as a filter means for extracting both pulmonary respiration and vibration simultaneously. It is also possible to use a low-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or lower than the LPF cut-off frequency set in (1).

  A person's pulmonary respiratory activity can be intentionally stopped, and the presence / absence of the presence / absence is determined by both presence / absence of vibration due to lung respiration and presence / absence of vibration due to pulsation. Also, in situations where people are strangling, it is difficult to extract vibrations due to pulmonary breathing or vibrations due to pulsation. Become.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of the absence / existence determining means (bed leaving / entering determining means) 140 in the pulsating vibration electric signal of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the determination of getting out of bed in the presence absence determination means 140 shown in FIG. 2, the presence or absence of the pulsating vibration electric signal 211 is detected based on the threshold voltage (V) 210 based on the pulsating vibration electric signal 211. When there is no pulsating vibration electrical signal 211, the presence state 213 is determined when the presence determination duration 212 is exceeded.

  On the contrary, based on the pulsating vibration electrical signal 215, the presence or absence of the pulsating vibration electrical signal 215 is detected based on the threshold voltage (V) 214, and there is no state where the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 215 is present. Thus, the absence 217 is determined when the absence determination duration 216 is exceeded. Here, the presence determination duration 212 and the absence determination duration 216 can be obtained by the CPU 142 shown in FIG. 2 receiving the digital signal from the A / D converter 141 and counting the detection signal as input data. it can. For example, when the presence determination duration 212 reaches a predetermined number or more, the presence is determined, and if the absence setting duration 226 is 0 from the predetermined time, it can be executed by determining that it is not present. .

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an outline of the bed leaving / departing determining means for determining the absence of presence in the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the presence / absence determination means (leaving bed / entrance determining means) 140 shown in the figure, when determining whether to get out of bed, lung respiratory vibration characteristics based on the threshold voltage (V) 220 based on the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal 221. The presence or absence of the electrical signal 221 is detected. Then, when there is no pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 221, the presence state 223 is determined when the presence determination duration 222 is exceeded.

  On the contrary, the presence or absence of the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 225 is detected based on the threshold voltage (V) 224 based on the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 225. Then, when the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 225 is present, the state is absent, and the absence 227 is determined when the absence determination duration 226 is exceeded. These determinations are made by the presence / absence determination means 140 (the CPU 142 therein).

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an outline of the presence / absence determination means 140 in the vibration electric signal of the apparatus in the embodiment. When the determination by the presence / absence determination unit 140 in FIG. 2 is performed, the presence / absence of the vibration electric signal 231 is detected based on the threshold voltage (V) 230 based on the vibration electric signal 231 and the vibration electric signal is detected. The presence state 231 is changed to the presence state, and the CPU 142 determines the presence 233 when the presence determination duration 232 is exceeded.

  Conversely, the presence / absence of the oscillating electrical signal 235 is detected based on the threshold voltage (V) 234 based on the oscillating electrical signal 235, and the absence of the oscillating electrical signal 235 is detected. When the determination duration time 236 is exceeded, the CPU 142 determines the absence 237.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the presence / absence determination unit 140 (see FIG. 2) based on whether or not the apparatus has wrinkles in the embodiment. The CPU 142 compares the oscillating electrical signal 241 with the threshold voltage (V) 240. Then, the presence or absence of the heel vibration electrical signal 241 is detected, and the heel stop period 242 and the heel activity section 243 are grasped.

  In the situation where pulmonary respiration disturbance and body vibration increase due to human habit activity, if there is a state in which the pulsating vibration electrical signal 123 and the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 124 cannot be detected, the presence absence determination means 140 In the epilepsy activity section 243, instead of detecting the pulsating vibration electrical signal and the pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal, it is determined that there is a person with the epilepsy activity. In the hemorrhoid stop section 242, the presence / absence determination is performed based on the pulsating vibration electrical signal and the lung respiratory vibration electrical signal.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an outline of the shape of the vibration sensor means of the apparatus in the embodiment. In the case where the vibration sensor has the flat sheet shape 250, the area that comes into contact with the body, which is a curved body, is less likely to come into contact, and the detection sensitivity of body vibration is reduced. In the shape of the planar polygon 251, the familiar area increases according to the position of the body, which is a curved body, and the detection sensitivity of body vibration is improved. For example, the planar polygonal shape is a comb shape 252, a spiral shape 253, and a lightning shape 254. In this case, if the vibration sensor means is a thin film sheet and is a polygon of 5 to 1000 squares, the detection sensitivity of body vibration can be improved.

By using the vibration sensor means having such a shape, porous polypropylene electret film (: Electro Mechanical Film (EMFI), or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride film) or off Kka vinylidene trifluoroethylene copolymer ( P (VDF-TrFE)), or by using the full Kka vinylidene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), beats generated from human, detecting a signal such as respiration and snoring vibration lung efficiently Is possible. Note that the human absence detection method and the human absence detection device of the present invention are not limited to this embodiment.
1. Determination of apnea syndrome The device can also be used to determine apnea syndrome. During sleep, four signals of breathing, heart rate, sputum and body movement are monitored in real time. This data can be stored in the storage device in time series. In the health state, abnormal states are not detected during sleep, from breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement.

However, when the symptoms of apnea syndrome appear, the heartbeat signal appears, but the sputum signal disappears. There are two types of symptoms in apnea syndrome. One is a so-called obstructive symptom. Respiration, heartbeat, and body vibration other than sputum signals are observed. This is because, during sleep, the throat becomes blocked due to obesity and other causes, and spontaneous movements that instinctively breathe can be observed. Since it is blocked, it is not possible to inhale air. Furthermore, the subject is in a difficult situation where he cannot breathe air, and his body struggles and moves greatly. That is, in the obstruction type, although not actually breathing, a breathing signal and a body motion signal are observed.
On the other hand, in the central type, since a respiratory command is not issued from the brain itself due to causes such as cerebral infarction, a respiratory signal and a body motion signal are not observed in principle. The central type is a serious illness that is exposed to life risk. However, there has been no method and apparatus for distinguishing the central type from the closed type in a simple and unrestrained state.
With this device, four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement can be monitored in real time, so the central type and the obstruction type can be distinguished with high accuracy. Of course, in principle, it is possible to distinguish at least by sputum, respiration, and heart rate signals, but by analyzing the relationship between respiration and body motion signals in the obstructive type by adding body motion signals. This makes it possible to make a more detailed determination of the closed type.
2. Determination of terminal stage (death period) Furthermore, this apparatus can be used for determination of the terminal stage (death period) of a person. In particular, it is a medically important issue that doctors find this state process, especially the death phase of a person, at the end of the person.

  Using this device, four signals of respiration, heart rate, sputum and body movement are monitored in real time. This data can be stored in the storage device in time series. In a state that is not at the end stage, detection of the end stage of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement of the subject is detected (reference data acquisition).

  Thereafter, changes in these four signals are detected in real time every unit time. And when a person approaches the end of life, changes appear in these four signals. In respiratory signal changes, submandibular respiratory symptoms often appear immediately before death. By knowing this respiratory change, it is possible to know that the death period is imminent.

  In tests using this device, the frequency of body movement is greatly reduced compared to the reference value, and sleep habits are also reduced in the terminal stage of human beings other than the detection of submandibular respiration. At the end, breathing stops and the heart beats after a while. The state process in a series of flow from this breathing stop to the heartbeat stop could be used as a “watching sensor”.

  This change varies depending on the disease. For example, in the case of lung cancer, dyspnea may occur, and symptoms such as increased respiratory rate and increased body movement appear. From these biological signals, death can be found from change data of the number of breaths, body movements, heartbeats, and sputum (including cough) per unit time. Or you may be in a critical condition before death. In this case, determination can be made not only from an increase / decrease in the number of heartbeats per unit time but also from a change in the intensity of the heartbeat signal.

Thus, the end-stage biological signal differs depending on the symptom, and can be determined from the change in the number of new signals per unit time or the change in signal intensity.
The change in signal intensity can be quantified by setting a plurality of signal determination thresholds.

Conventionally, these symptoms have been empirically known by doctors and other personnel, but this device has been able to be scientifically determined by quantifying and qualifying these experiences. .
Furthermore, since time series data including these reference data can be sent to related persons such as doctors in a remote location in real time, and notification of changes in the situation can be made, the death period can be notified to related persons such as the subject's relatives. Is.

Needless to say, the present apparatus can be applied to see changes in the state of the subject other than the terminal stage determination.
3. Wake-up sensor In hospitals and nursing homes, falling from the bed of the subject (patient) is a major problem. In order to cope with this, a nurse or the like needs to grasp the condition of the subject before the subject falls from the bed. Specifically, in the process from lying down to falling down, the act of getting up is an act that is necessary as an intermediate process. There is something.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the rising sensor. In this case, by providing two or more threshold values, it is possible to create determination data for finely determining the physical condition of the subject.
In the presence / absence determination, in the presence / absence determination unit 140 shown in FIG. 2, the pulsation vibration property based on the threshold voltage (V) 210 based on the pulsation vibration electric signal 211 shown in FIG. The presence / absence of the electrical signal 211 is detected, the state is changed from the state without the pulsating vibration electrical signal 211, and the presence 213 is determined when the presence determination duration 212 is exceeded.

  When starting to get up, the first large body movement occurs in the waveform (G) of FIG. This is detected as a body motion signal. Subsequently, since the subject is still on the bed or the like in the state of getting up, weak heartbeats and respiratory signals can be detected. When the weak signal no longer exists after a short period of time, it is determined that the subject has left the bed.

  A waveform (H) in FIG. 15 shows a temporal relationship between the body motion electrical signal 400 and the pulsation electrical signal 410. In order to detect this by the presence / absence detection device, in the waveform (J) of FIG. 15, in addition to the presence absence threshold (first threshold voltage 411), the second threshold (second threshold) for detecting a weak signal is used. A threshold voltage 412) can be provided. Presence information below the second threshold (second threshold voltage 412) is set by setting the second threshold (second threshold voltage 412) to ½ or less of the first threshold (first threshold voltage 411). Means that the subject's cardiopulmonary activity has weakened or the subject is far from the vibration sensor. The determination of rising is determined from the presence / absence determination determined by the first threshold and the second threshold.

  If the first threshold value indicates absence and the second threshold value indicates presence, it is determined that the user has been up. When the first threshold value indicates absence and the second threshold value also indicates absence, it is determined that the person has left the bed. By using this, it is possible to recognize the movement of a person at the start of getting out of bed, and to determine the rising from the bed, etc. It is sent to a place, and it becomes possible for a related person such as a doctor to know remotely.

  The set value of the second threshold (second threshold voltage 412) can be changed according to the environment in which the sensor is arranged, but is preferably ½ or less. Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of the rising state, a third threshold value may be set. This can be dealt with by setting at least two threshold values.

  The human absence detection method and the human absence detection device of the present invention can also be used to detect the presence and absence of a person in a chair, seat chair, or vehicle seat on which a person sits.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vibration sensor means 11 Bed 12 Mattress 13 Bed pad 14 Mattress 15 Person 100 Vibration sensor means 101 Vibration sensor 102 Body vibration electrical signal 102 'Body vibration electrical signal 110 Differential signal amplification amplifier 120 Vibration filter means 121 Lung respiratory vibration filter Means 122 Acupuncture filter means 123 Pulsation vibration electrical signal 124 Pulmonary respiratory vibration electrical signal 125 Acupuncture vibration electrical signal 140 Presence absence determination means (leaving bed entrance judgment means)
141 A / D converter 142 CPU
143 presence absence determination signal 150 body motion vibration detection means 151 body motion vibration electrical signal 152 body motion vibration filter means 160 reporting means 160 pulsation filter frequency characteristic 161 low pass filter (LPF)
162 High-pass filter (HPF)
163 HPF cutoff frequency 164 LPF cutoff frequency 170 Pulmonary respiratory vibration filter frequency characteristics 171 Low pass filter (LPF)
172 LPF cutoff frequency 180 鼾 Vibration filter frequency characteristics 181 High pass filter (HPF)
182 HPF cutoff frequency 183 Low-pass filter (LPF)
184 LPF cutoff frequency 190 Pulsatile lung respiratory vibration filter frequency characteristics 191 Low-pass filter (LPF)
192 LPF cutoff frequency 200 Body vibration electrical signal 201 Threshold voltage (V)
202 Pulsating vibration electrical signal 203 Threshold voltage (V)
204 Lung respiratory vibration electrical signal 205 Threshold voltage (V)
206 鼾 Vibratory electrical signal 210 Threshold voltage (V)
211 pulsating vibration electrical signal 212 presence determination duration 213 presence 220 threshold voltage (V)
221 Lung respiratory vibration electrical signal 222 Presence determination duration 223 Presence 224 Threshold voltage (V)
225 Lung respiratory vibration electrical signal 226 Absence determination duration 227 Absence 230 Threshold voltage (V)
231 Vibration electric signal 232 Existence determination duration 233 Existence 234 Threshold voltage (V)
235 鼾 Vibration electric signal 236 Absence determination duration 237 Absence 240 Threshold voltage (V)
241 鼾 Vibrating electrical signal 242 鼾 Stopping section 243 鼾 Activating section 250 Flat sheet shape 251 Flat polygonal shape 252 Comb shape 253 Spiral shape 254 Lightning bolt shape 260 Reference sensor means 261 Storage device

Claims (17)

  A body motion vibration pulse group caused by body motion is extracted from a body vibration generated by a person in a predetermined place by a vibration sensor, and there are at least two states in which the body motion vibration pulse group exists within a predetermined period. Thus, the person is not present at the predetermined place because the person is present at the predetermined place, and the body motion vibration pulse group is not more than one within a predetermined period. The presence absence detection method characterized by determining.   The method for detecting the absence of a person according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor is covered with an intermediate material in order to detect only the body motion vibration pulse group.   It is characterized by monitoring the four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement in real time from the vibration of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined place, and determining apnea syndrome by the presence or absence of each monitored signal The human presence absence detection method according to claim 1 or 2.   Reference values of four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement are obtained in advance from the vibration of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined place and stored, and the reference values of these four signals and the actual four measured 3. The human absence detection method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal phase of the person is determined by comparing the two signals.   Detects four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from body vibration generated by a person in a predetermined location, and detects a first threshold value for the absence of these four signals and a second signal for detecting a weak signal. The threshold value is provided, and when a body motion signal among the detected signals is generated, it is determined that a person has risen based on the first and second threshold values. The human presence absence detection method described. Vibration sensor means installed in the vicinity of a person in a predetermined place for converting body vibration generated by the person into an electrical signal, and body motion vibration for extracting a body motion vibration pulse group caused by the body motion from the electrical signal The presence of the filter means and the body motion vibration pulse group in at least two within a predetermined period, so that the person exists at the predetermined location, and the body motion vibration pulse group is 1 A presence absence detection device comprising: a determination unit that determines that the person is absent at the predetermined location when the number of the state is within a predetermined period.   A pulsating filter means for extracting a pulsating vibration electric signal of a pulsating vibration caused by a heart beat from the electric signal, and detecting a pulmonary respiratory vibration electric signal of a pulmonary respiratory vibration caused by lung respiration from the electric signal 7. The human presence absence detecting device according to claim 6, further comprising: a lung respiration vibration filter means for extracting or a wrinkle vibration filter means for extracting a wrinkle vibration electric signal of wrinkle vibration caused by wrinkles from an electric signal.   The pulsating filter means is a high-pass filter for passing a frequency band equal to or higher than the cutoff frequency set to 1 Hz and a frequency band equal to or lower than the cutoff frequency set to 4 Hz in the frequency component of the electrical signal. A human absence detection device according to claim 7, further comprising a low-pass filter that allows the low-pass filter.   The said lung respiratory vibration filter means is provided with the low-pass filter which passes the frequency band below the cutoff frequency set in 1 Hz in the frequency component of the said electric signal, The Claim 7 or 8 characterized by the above-mentioned. Human presence absence detection device.   The soot vibration filter means is a frequency component of the electrical signal, and is set within a range from 400 Hz to 1000 Hz, and a high-pass filter that passes a frequency band equal to or higher than the cutoff frequency set above 100 Hz. The human absence detection device according to claim 7, further comprising a low-pass filter that allows a frequency band equal to or lower than the cut-off frequency to pass.   The vibration sensor means includes a porous polypropylene electret film (EMFI), a polyvinylidene fluoride film (PVDF), a vinylidene fluoride and a trifluoride ethylene copolymer (P (VDF-TrFE)), or a vinylidene fluoride and a tetrafluoride. 11. The human absence detection device according to claim 6, which is an ethylene copolymer (P (VDF-TeFE)).   The said vibration sensor means is a thin film sheet | seat shape, Comprising: It has any one shape among a comb shape, a spiral shape, and a lightning bolt shape, The said any one of Claim 6 thru | or 11 characterized by the above-mentioned. The human absence detection device described.   12. The vibration sensor means is in the form of a thin film sheet, and has a shape having one or both of a polygon of 5 to 1000 squares and a curved shape. The human absence detection device according to Item 1.   14. The reporting device according to claim 6, further comprising a reporting unit configured to report to one or both of the vicinity and the distance of the person in the state of any one of the presence and the absence. Human absence detection device.   A means to monitor in real time four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum and body movement from body vibrations generated by a person in a predetermined place, and a judgment means to determine apnea syndrome based on the presence or absence of each monitored signal 15. The absence-of-person detection device according to any one of claims 6 to 14, characterized by comprising:   Storage means for preliminarily obtaining and storing reference values of four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from body vibrations generated by a person in a predetermined place, and reference values of the four stored signals 15. The comparison means according to any one of claims 6 to 14, further comprising: a comparison means for comparing the measured four actual signals; and a determination means for determining the terminal stage of the person based on the comparison result of the comparison means. The human absence detection device according to the item.   A detection means for detecting four signals of breathing, heartbeat, sputum, and body movement from vibrations of the body emitted by a person in a predetermined location, and a first threshold value for determining the absence of these four signals; Storage means for storing a second threshold for detecting a weak signal, and when a body motion signal among the detected signals is generated, it is determined that a person has risen based on the first and second thresholds. It has a determination means, The human absence absence detection apparatus of any one of Claim 6 thru | or 14 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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