JP5212652B2 - Valve operating device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a function that enables a change in valve operating characteristics of an engine valve.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine, a drive cam that rotates integrally with a cam shaft supported by a cylinder head, a valve cam that is swingably supported by the cam shaft and opens and closes an engine valve, and a cam shaft. A link mechanism that transmits the valve driving force of the drive cam to the valve cam, and pivots around the cam shaft around a fulcrum provided on the link mechanism It is known that a flexible holder and a drive mechanism that changes the fulcrum position of the link mechanism by rotating the holder, and the operating characteristics of the engine valve can be changed by the swing position of the swinging link mechanism. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2005-207255 A

  By the way, in the conventional valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine, the holder has a pair of plates that are inserted through the cam shaft and arranged to sandwich the drive cam, and the drive cam is press-fitted into the cam shaft and fixed. Therefore, at the time of assembling, after assembling one plate through the camshaft, press-fitting the drive cam and then inserting the other plate through the camshaft. However, in the above configuration, since the drive cam formed separately from the cam shaft is press-fitted, it takes time to assemble.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to simplify the assembly of a valve operating device in a valve operating device for an internal combustion engine and reduce the number of assembling steps.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a camshaft that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of an internal combustion engine, a drive cam that rotates integrally with the camshaft, and a motion that rotates relative to the camshaft to open and close an engine valve. A valve cam; a link mechanism that transmits a valve driving force of the drive cam to the valve cam; a pair of holder plates that support a fulcrum of the link mechanism and can swing around the cam shaft; and the holder plate And a drive mechanism for changing a fulcrum position of the link mechanism by swinging the valve mechanism, and a valve operating characteristic of the internal combustion engine capable of changing a valve operating characteristic that the engine valve opens and closes at a swing position of the fulcrum of the link mechanism In the apparatus, the drive cam is formed integrally with the cam shaft, an insertion hole is formed through which the drive cam passes when assembled to the holder plate on the back side, and the holder plate is supported from the outside of the insertion hole. Providing a valve gear of an internal combustion engine, it characterized.

According to this configuration, since the drive cam is formed integrally with the cam shaft, it is not necessary to press-fit the drive cam into the cam shaft at the stage of assembly, and the assembly of the valve gear can be simplified. Can be reduced. As the assembly procedure, the insertion hole of the back side holder plate was made larger than the outer diameter of the drive cam formed integrally with the camshaft, so the back side holder plate passed through the camshaft integrated drive cam, It can be moved to the rear side of the drive cam. Accordingly, the assembly of the valve operating device is simplified and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.
Further, since the holder plate is used as an outside support and the holder plate can be supported from the outside after the holder plate is inserted through the camshaft, it can be easily assembled.

In the above configuration, the valve cam is provided adjacent to the drive cam, the shaft diameter of the support portion of the valve cam of the cam shaft is formed larger than the shaft diameter on the counter drive cam side, The camshaft collar may be inserted from the opposite side of the camshaft and the end of the camshaft collar may be brought into contact with the stepped portion of the support portion of the valve cam to position the valve cam. good.
According to this configuration, the cam portion is formed such that the support portion of the valve cam is formed larger than the shaft diameter on the side opposite to the drive cam, the step portion is provided, and the end of the cam shaft collar is brought into contact with the step portion. Since the camshaft collar is inserted into the shaft and the position of the valve cam can be regulated by the end of the camshaft collar, the valve cam can be positioned in the axial direction of the camshaft.

The outer peripheral surface of the cam shaft collar may be a plain bearing that supports the cam shaft.
In this case, not only the camshaft collar is used as a positioning member for the valve cam, but also the outer peripheral surface of the camshaft collar is used as a plain bearing for supporting the camshaft, so that the number of parts can be reduced. Further, since the number of parts is reduced, the assembly man-hour can be reduced.

The pair of holder plates may be integrally formed by fastening with bolts to a sub rocker arm support member that supports a fulcrum of the link mechanism.
In this case, since the pair of holder plates are fastened to the sub rocker arm support member with bolts and assembled together, other parts of the valve mechanism are assembled to the sub rocker arm support member and the holder plate before the bolts are fastened. Then, the holder plate can be fastened. Thereby, the structure of a valve operating apparatus and the freedom degree of an assembly can be improved. Furthermore, by individually fastening the pair of holder plates to the sub rocker arm support member, it is possible to assemble the parts of the valve operating mechanism while fixing them in stages, so that the parts during assembly can be prevented from falling off and assembled. Improves.

In the valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, since the drive cam is formed integrally with the cam shaft, the operation of press-fitting the drive cam into the cam shaft is not required at the stage of assembly, and the assembly of the valve operating apparatus is simplified. As a result, assembly man-hours can be reduced. As the assembly procedure, the insertion hole of the back side holder plate was made larger than the outer diameter of the drive cam formed integrally with the camshaft, so the back side holder plate passed through the camshaft integrated drive cam, It can be moved to the rear side of the drive cam. Accordingly, the assembly of the valve operating device is simplified and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.
Further, since the holder plate is used as an outside support and the holder plate can be supported from the outside after the holder plate is inserted through the camshaft, it can be easily assembled.

In addition, the camshaft collar is inserted into the camshaft so that the end of the camshaft collar abuts the stepped portion of the valve cam support, and the position of the valve cam can be regulated by the end of the camshaft collar. The valve cam can be positioned in the axial direction of the cam shaft.
Furthermore, since the cam shaft collar is used not only as a positioning member for the valve cam, but also the outer peripheral surface of the cam shaft collar is used as a plain bearing for supporting the cam shaft, the number of parts can be reduced. Further, since the number of parts is reduced, the assembly man-hour can be reduced.

  Further, in order to assemble the pair of holder plates to the sub rocker arm support member by bolts and assemble them integrally, the other parts of the valve mechanism are assembled to the sub rocker arm support member and the holder plate before the bolts are fastened. Thereafter, the holder plate can be fastened. Thereby, the structure of a valve operating apparatus and the freedom degree of an assembly can be improved. Furthermore, by individually fastening the pair of holder plates to the sub rocker arm support member, it is possible to assemble the parts of the valve operating mechanism while fixing them in stages, so that the parts during assembly can be prevented from falling off and assembled. Improves.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the description, descriptions of directions such as front and rear, right and left and up and down are for the vehicle body.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a motorcycle to which a valve gear according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The motorcycle 10 includes a body frame 11, a pair of left and right front forks 13 rotatably supported by a head pipe 12 attached to a front end portion of the body frame 11, and a top that supports an upper end portion of the front fork 13. A steering handle 15 attached to the bridge 14, a front wheel 16 rotatably supported by the front fork 13, an engine 17 as an internal combustion engine supported by the vehicle body frame 11, and exhaust pipes 18 </ b> A and 18 </ b> B to the engine 17. Exhaust mufflers 19A and 19B connected through a rear swing arm 21, a rear swing arm 21 supported by a pivot 20 at the lower rear portion of the vehicle body frame 11 so as to swing up and down, and a rear end portion of the rear swing arm 21 are rotatable. And a rear wheel 22 supported by the rear wheel 22. Deployment 23 is disposed.

  The vehicle body frame 11 includes a main frame 25 extending rearward and downward from the head pipe 12, a pair of left and right pivot plates (also referred to as a center frame) 26 connected to the rear portion of the main frame 25, and a downward extension from the head pipe 12. And a down tube 27 which is bent and extends and connected to the pivot plate 26. The fuel tank 28 is supported so as to straddle the main frame 25, the rear of the main frame 25 extends to the upper part of the rear wheel 22 and the rear fender 29 is supported, and the seat 30 is supported between the rear fender 29 and the fuel tank 28. . In FIG. 1, reference numeral 31 denotes a radiator supported by the down tube 27, reference numeral 32 denotes a front fender, reference numeral 33 denotes a side cover, reference numeral 34 denotes a headlight, reference numeral 35 denotes a taillight, and reference numeral 36 denotes an occupant step. .

  The engine 17 is supported in a space surrounded by the main frame 25, the pivot plate 26 and the down tube 27. The engine 17 is a front-rear V-type two-cylinder water-cooled four-cycle engine in which cylinders (cylinders) are banked back and forth in a V shape. The engine 17 is supported by the vehicle body frame 11 via a plurality of engine brackets 37 (only part of which is shown in FIG. 1) so that the crankshaft 105 is oriented in the horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle body. The power of the engine 17 is transmitted to the rear wheel 22 via a drive shaft (not shown) disposed on the left side of the rear wheel 22.

The engine 17 is formed with an angle between the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B (also referred to as a bank angle) constituting each cylinder at an angle smaller than 90 degrees (for example, 52 degrees). The valve gears of the banks 110A and 110B are both configured in a 4-valve double overhead camshaft (DOHC) system.
An air cleaner 41 and a throttle body 42 that constitute an engine intake system are disposed in a V-shaped space formed by the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B. The throttle body 42 supplies the air purified by the air cleaner 41 to the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B. The banks 110A and 110B are connected to exhaust pipes 18A and 18B constituting an engine exhaust system. The exhaust pipes 18A and 18B pass through the right side of the vehicle body and exhaust mufflers 19A and 19B are connected to the rear ends thereof. Exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipes 18A and 18B and the exhaust mufflers 19A and 19B.

2 is a view of the internal structure of the engine 17 as viewed from the side, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the internal structure of the front bank 110A of FIG.
In FIG. 2, the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B of the engine 17 have the same structure. In FIG. 2, the front bank 110A shows the periphery of the piston, and the rear bank 110B shows the periphery of the cam chain. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 121 indicates an intermediate shaft (rear balancer shaft), reference numeral 123 indicates a main shaft, and reference numeral 125 indicates a counter shaft. These shafts 121, 123, and 125 including the crankshaft 105 are arranged in parallel with each other by shifting in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the vehicle body. A gear transmission mechanism is configured to transmit 121, the main shaft 123, and the counter shaft 125 in this order.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the front cylinder block 131A and the rear cylinder block 131B are arranged on the upper surface of the crankcase 110C of the engine 17 so as to form a predetermined sandwich angle between the front and the rear of the vehicle body, and the upper surfaces of these cylinder blocks 131A and 131B. The front cylinder head 132A and the rear cylinder head 132B are coupled to each other, and the head covers 133A and 133B are mounted on the upper surfaces of the cylinder heads 132A and 132B, respectively, thereby forming the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B.

Each cylinder block 131A, 131B is formed with a cylinder bore 135, and a piston 136 is slidably inserted into each cylinder bore 135. Each piston 136 is connected to the crankshaft 105 via a connecting rod 137.
Combustion recesses 141 constituting the top surface of the combustion chamber formed above the piston 136 are formed on the lower surfaces of the cylinder heads 132A and 132B, and the ignition plugs 142 face the tips of the combustion recesses 141. Be placed. The spark plug 142 is provided substantially coaxially with the cylinder axis C.

The engine 17 is a direct injection engine that injects fuel directly from an injector 143 provided in each combustion recess 141 into a combustion chamber. Each injector 143 is inserted from the V bank inner side surface of each cylinder head 132A, 132B, and is arranged with its tip facing each combustion recess 141. The injector 143 is attached in a state of being laid down with respect to the cylinder axis C.
A fuel pump 144 is provided above the cylinder head 132A, and fuel is supplied from the fuel pump 144 to each injector 143 through the fuel pipe 144A.

Each cylinder head 132A, 132B is formed with an intake port 145 communicating with each combustion recess 141 through a pair of openings 145A and an exhaust port 146 communicating with each combustion recess 141 through a pair of openings 146A. Yes. The intake port 145 is disposed between the cylinder axis C and the injector 143.
2 and 3, each intake port 145 includes a lower intake port 145B provided integrally with the cylinder heads 132A, 132B, and an upper intake port 145C provided separately from the cylinder heads 132A, 132B. ing. The upper intake port 145C is attached to the lower intake port 145B at a different angle in a direction closer to the head covers 133A and 133B.

  The intake ports 145 merge in the intake chamber 43, and the intake chamber 43 is connected to the throttle body 42. The throttle body 42 employs TBW (throttle-by-wire) that changes the cross-sectional area of the throttle valve by driving an actuator. The exhaust port 146 of the cylinder head 132A is connected to the exhaust pipe 18A (see FIG. 1), and the exhaust port 146 of the cylinder head 132B is connected to the exhaust pipe 18B (see FIG. 1).

  The cylinder heads 132A and 132B include a pair of intake valves 147 (engine valves) that open and close the opening 145A of the intake port 145 and a pair of exhaust valves 148 (engine valves) that open and close the opening 146A of the exhaust port 146. Be placed. The intake valve 147 and the exhaust valve 148 are urged by valve springs 149 and 149 in the direction of closing the ports. The valve bodies 147 and 148 are driven by a valve gear 50 that can change valve operating characteristics such as opening / closing timing and lift amount. The valve operating device 50 is rotatably supported by the cylinder heads 132A and 132B, and includes intake-side and exhaust-side camshafts 151 and 152 (camshafts) that rotate in synchronization with the rotation of the engine 17.

  The camshaft 151 is integrally formed with an intake cam 153 (drive cam). The intake cam 153 includes a base circle portion 153A that forms a circular cam surface, and a cam peak portion 153B that protrudes outward from the base circle portion 153A to form a mountain-shaped cam surface. The camshaft 152 is integrally formed with an exhaust cam 154 (drive cam). The exhaust cam 154 includes a base circle portion 154A that forms a circular cam surface, and a cam peak portion 154B that protrudes from the base circle portion 154A toward the outer peripheral side to form a mountain-shaped cam surface.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate shaft 158 is rotatably supported at one end side in the width direction of the cylinder heads 132 </ b> A and 132 </ b> B, and the intermediate sprockets 159 and 160 are fixed to the intermediate shaft 158. A driven sprocket 161 is fixed to one end of the camshaft 151, a driven sprocket 162 is fixed to one end of the camshaft 152, and a driving sprocket 163 is fixed to both ends of the crankshaft 105. A first cam chain 164 is wound between the sprockets 159 and 163, and a second cam chain 165 is wound between the sprockets 160 to 162. These sprockets 159 to 163 and cam chains 164 and 165 are accommodated in a cam chain chamber 166 formed on one end side of each of the banks 110A and 110B.

  The reduction ratio from the drive sprocket 163 to the driven sprockets 161 and 162 is set to 2, and when the crankshaft 105 rotates, the drive sprocket 163 rotates together with the crankshaft 105 and the driven sprocket 161 via the cam chains 164 and 165. , 162 rotate at half the rotational speed of the crankshaft 105, and the intake valve 147 and the exhaust valve 148 become the intake port 145 and the exhaust port 146 according to the cam profile of the camshafts 151, 152 rotating integrally with the driven sprockets 161, 162. Open and close each.

  A generator (not shown) is provided at the left end portion of the crankshaft 105, and a drive gear (hereinafter referred to as a crank side drive gear) 175 is provided at the right end portion of the crankshaft 105 on the inner side (left side of the vehicle body) of the right drive sprocket 163. Is fixed. The crank side drive gear 175 meshes with a driven gear (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate side driven gear) 177 provided on the intermediate shaft 121, and transmits the rotation of the crankshaft 105 to the intermediate shaft 121 at a constant speed. The intermediate shaft 121 is rotated at the same speed and in the opposite direction.

The intermediate shaft 121 is rotatably supported below the rear side of the crankshaft 105 and below the front side of the main shaft 123.
An oil pump drive sprocket 181, the intermediate driven gear 177, and a drive gear (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate drive gear) 182 having a smaller diameter than the driven gear 177 are attached to the right end portion of the intermediate shaft 121 in order. ing.
The oil pump drive sprocket 181 is located behind the intermediate shaft 121 and is connected to the driven sprocket 186 fixed to the drive shaft 185 of the oil pump 184 disposed below the main shaft 123 via the transmission chain 187. The rotational force of 121 is transmitted and the oil pump 184 is driven.

  Further, the intermediate drive gear 182 meshes with a driven gear (hereinafter referred to as a main driven gear) 191 that is relatively rotatable with the main shaft 123 to reduce the rotation of the intermediate shaft 121 and thereby a clutch mechanism (not shown). Is transmitted to the main shaft 123. That is, the reduction ratio from the crankshaft 105 to the main shaft 123, that is, the primary reduction ratio of the engine 17 is set by the reduction ratio of the intermediate drive gear 182 and the main driven gear 191.

The main shaft 123 is rotatably supported on the rear upper side of the crankshaft 105, and a counter shaft 125 is rotatably supported substantially behind the main shaft 123. A transmission gear group (not shown) is disposed across the main shaft 123 and the counter shaft 125, and these constitute a transmission.
The left end portion of the counter shaft 125 is connected to a drive shaft (not shown) extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. Thereby, the rotation of the counter shaft 125 is transmitted to the drive shaft.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing the valve gear 50, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the valve gear 50 of the front bank 110A as seen from the rear side.
As shown in FIG. 3, the valve gear 50 is provided symmetrically independently on the intake side and the exhaust side about the cylinder axis C. Since the valve gears 50 of the front bank 110A and the rear bank 110B have substantially the same structure, in this embodiment, the valve gear 50 on the intake side of the front bank 110A will be described.

  4 and 5, the valve gear 50 includes a camshaft 151 (camshaft 152 on the exhaust side), an intake cam 153 that rotates integrally with the camshaft 151 (exhaust cam 154 on the exhaust side), an intake air A rocker arm 51 that opens and closes a valve 147 (exhaust valve 148 on the exhaust side), a valve cam 52 that is supported by the camshaft 151 so as to be relatively rotatable, and that opens and closes the intake valve 147 via the rocker arm 51, and around the camshaft 151 Is swingably supported by the holder 53, the link mechanism 56 that swings the valve cam 52 is transmitted to the valve cam 52 by transmitting the valve driving force of the intake cam 153 to the valve cam 52, and the holder 53. And a drive mechanism 60 for swinging the motor. Further, the link mechanism 56 includes a sub rocker arm 54 connected to the holder 53, and a connect link 55 that connects the sub rocker arm 54 and the valve cam 52 so as to be swingable.

  The rocker arm 51 is formed wide, and the pair of intake valves 147 are opened and closed by one rocker arm 51. The rocker arm 51 is swingably supported at one end by a rocker arm pivot 51A fixed to the cylinder head 132A. The other end of the rocker arm 51 is provided with a pair of adjustment screws 51B that contact the upper end of each intake valve 147, and a roller 51C that contacts the valve cam 52 is rotatably supported at the center. .

  As shown in FIG. 5, the camshaft 151 has a sprocket fixing portion 151A to which a driven sprocket 161 (see FIG. 2) is fixed on one end side, and is arranged on the outer periphery of the camshaft 151 in order from the sprocket fixing portion 151A side. More than the positioning portion 151B, the intake cam 153, the valve drive cam support portion 151C (the support portion of the valve drive cam), and the valve drive cam support portion 151C. A collar fitting portion 151D having a small diameter is provided. A camshaft collar 155 (cam shaft collar) that functions as a bearing for the camshaft 151 is fitted to the collar fitting portion 151D, and the camshaft collar 155 is fixed to the other end of the camshaft 151 by a fixing bolt 156. Thus, the valve is pressed toward the valve cam 52 and fixed to the camshaft 151.

Both ends of the camshaft 151 are rotatably supported by camshaft support portions 201 and 202, respectively. Specifically, the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 are configured by fixing caps 201B and 202B each having a semicircular cross-sectional support portion to head side support portions 201A and 202A formed on the upper portion of the cylinder head 132A. Has been. A groove 201C formed in accordance with the shape of the positioning portion 151B is formed in the camshaft support portion 201 provided on the positioning portion 151B side, and the position of the positioning portion 151B is restricted by the groove 201C, so that the cam The shaft 151 is positioned in the axial direction.
Further, holder support portions 201D and 202D for supporting the holder 53 are provided on the surface of the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 on the side of the intake cam 153, respectively.

  The valve cam 52 is disposed adjacent to the intake cam 153 on a valve cam support 151C provided at an intermediate portion of the camshaft 151. As shown in FIG. 4, the valve operating cam 52 is formed with a base circle portion 52A for maintaining the intake valve 147 in a closed state and a cam crest portion 52B for pushing the intake valve 147 down to open it. A support hole 52C is formed in the portion 52B. A valve cam return spring 57 (hereinafter referred to as a return spring) is attached to the valve cam 52. The return spring 57 urges the valve cam 52 in a direction in which the cam crest 52B moves away from the roller 51C of the rocker arm 51, that is, in a direction to close the intake valve 147.

  The holder 53 includes first and second plates 53A and 53B (holder plates) disposed at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the camshaft 151 with the intake cam 153 and the valve cam 52 interposed therebetween, and first and first plates. A connecting member 59 (sub-rocker arm support member) that connects the two plates 53A and 53B in the axial direction of the camshaft 151 is provided. The first plate 53A is disposed on one end side to which the driven sprocket 161 of the camshaft 151 is fixed, and the second plate 53B is disposed on the other end side of the camshaft 151.

The connecting member 59 includes shaft portions 59A and 59C that are parallel to the camshaft 151, and a coupling portion 73 that connects the shaft portion 59A and the shaft portion 59C. The shaft portion 59A is positioned below the shaft portion 59C, and the coupling portion 73 is inclined from the shaft portion 59C toward the shaft portion 59A. Further, the coupling portion 73 is located at the intermediate portion in the interval between the first plate 53A and the second plate 53B.
A sub rocker arm support portion 59B (fulcrum) to which one end of the sub rocker arm 54 is connected is formed at the end of the shaft portion 59A on the first plate 53A side.
The first and second plates 53A, 53B and the connecting member 59 are a pair of bolts 53D that fasten the first plate 53A and the connecting member 59 from the outer surface side of the first plate 53A, and an outer surface side of the second plate 53B. The second plate 53B and the connecting member 59 are fixed by a pair of bolts 53E. The female threaded portion 79 into which the bolts 53D and 53E are screwed is formed on the shaft portions 59A and 59C, respectively.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the first and second plates 53A and 53B have shaft holes 157A and 158A (insertion holes) through which the camshaft 151 passes, and the peripheral portions of these shaft holes 157A and 158A are The ring-shaped convex portions 157B and 158B project toward the holder support portions 201D and 202D. The holder 53 is supported by the convex portions 157B and 158B being fitted to the holder support portions 201D and 202D, and can swing around the camshaft 151.

The sub rocker arm 54 is disposed between the first and second plates 53A and 53B together with the intake cam 153 and the valve cam 52, and is rotatably supported by the sub rocker arm support portion 59B of the connecting member 59 at one end. The rocker arm support part 59B swings around. At the center of the sub rocker arm 54, a roller 54A that contacts the intake cam 153 and presses the cam surface is rotatably supported. One end of the connect link 55 is connected to the other end of the sub rocker arm 54 via a pin 55A that supports the connect link 55 so as to be swingable. The valve cam 52 is swung to the other end of the connect link 55. The valve cam 52 is connected via a pin 55B that supports the valve.
Further, the sub rocker arm 54 is urged by a sub rocker arm return spring 58 accommodated in a hole formed in the connecting member 59, and the roller 54A of the sub rocker arm 54 is always pressed against the intake cam 153. Here, the sub rocker arm return spring 58 is a cylindrical coil spring.

Next, the operation will be described.
In the valve operating apparatus 50 configured as described above, referring to FIG. 4, when the camshaft 151 is rotated, the sub rocker arm 54 is rotated by the cam peak portion 153 </ b> B of the intake cam 153 that rotates integrally with the camshaft 151. The valve cam 52 is pushed up through the shaft portion 59A and swings around the shaft portion 59A, and the valve cam 52 rotates around the camshaft 151 in the clockwise direction through the connect link 55 along with this. As the valve cam 52 rotates, the cam crest 52B pushes down the intake valve 147 together with the rocker arm 51 via the roller 51C, and the intake valve 147 is opened. When the camshaft 151 is further rotated and the base circle portion 153A of the intake cam 153 contacts the roller 54A, the sub rocker arm 54 is pushed down by the sub rocker arm return spring 58 and the valve cam 52 is moved by the return spring 57. The base circle 52A is brought into contact with the roller 51C by being rotated counterclockwise in FIG. As a result, the intake valve 147 is pushed up by the valve spring 149 (see FIG. 2) and closed.

In this valve operating device 50, as shown in FIG. 4, a connecting link member 63 is connected to the holder 53. When the connecting link member 63 is moved in the direction of arrow A, the holder 53 swings clockwise about the axis of the intake camshaft 151, and the sub-rocker arm support portion 59B is displaced downward in the figure. When moving in the direction, the holder 53 swings counterclockwise about the axis of the intake camshaft 151, and the sub rocker arm support portion 59B is displaced upward in the drawing.
Thus, the valve operating apparatus 50 is configured to be able to change the operating characteristics of opening and closing of the intake valve 147 and the exhaust valve 148.
As shown in FIG. 6, the connecting link member 63 is connected to the drive mechanism 60.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the driving mechanism 60 as viewed from the side, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the driving mechanism 60 as viewed from the front side.
As shown in FIG. 6, the drive mechanism 60 is connected to the holder 53 via a connection link member 63. The drive mechanism 60 is provided on each of the intake side and exhaust side ball screws 61 disposed across the intake side camshaft 151 and the exhaust side camshaft 152, and is movable in the axial direction on the ball screw 61. Two nuts 62 are provided, and a connecting link member 63 is provided between the nut 62 and the holder 53.
A gear 64 is fixed to the end of the ball screw 61, and an electric actuator (not shown) is connected to the gear 64 by a gear train.

The ball screw 61 is orthogonal to the camshafts 151 and 152, and is disposed on the other end side of these camshafts 151 and 152, that is, on the side opposite to the side on which the driven sprockets 161 and 162 are fixed. As described above, the ball screw 61 is not extended in the vertical direction of the engine 17 but is disposed so as to straddle the intake side camshaft 151 and the exhaust side camshaft 152, so that the height of the engine 17 is kept low. It becomes possible. As shown in FIG. 6, both ends of the ball screw 61 are supported by a ball screw support portion 203 provided on the upper part of the cylinder head 132A, and are rotatable.
As shown in FIG. 6, on the outer peripheral surface of the ball screw 61, spiral screw threads 61A and 61B and spiral shaft screw grooves 61C and 61D are formed on the intake side and the exhaust side, respectively. The screw threads 61A and 61B and the shaft screw grooves 61C and 61D are set in different directions on the intake side and the exhaust side.

  The nut 62 has a through hole 62A through which the ball screw 61 passes. A spiral nut screw thread 62B corresponding to the screw threads 61A and 61B and shaft screw grooves 61C and D are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 62A. A spiral nut thread groove 62C corresponding to the above is formed. A plurality of rollable balls 65 are disposed between the nut screw groove 62C and the shaft screw grooves 61C and 61D. The nut 62 moves on the ball screw 61 via the ball 65 when the ball screw 61 is rotated.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the connecting link member 63 includes a nut side link 63A whose one end is fixed to the nut 62, and a holder side that connects the other end of the nut side link 63A and the second plate 53B. And a link 63B.
One end of the nut side link 63 </ b> A sandwiches the nut 62 from both sides and is fixed to the nut 62 by a bolt 66. The other end of the nut side link 63A is supported by a pin 67 on one end of the holder side link 63B so as to be swingable. The other end portion of the holder side link 63B is swingably supported by the second plate 53B by an eccentric pin 68. The eccentric pin 68 includes a hexagon bolt 68A and an eccentric shaft 68B that is eccentrically formed integrally with the head of the hexagon bolt 68A. The hexagon bolt 68A is fixed to the second plate 53B by a spring washer 68C and a hexagon nut 68D, and the eccentric shaft 68B is rotatably supported by the nut side link 63A.

In FIG. 6, when the holder 53 swings in the directions of arrows P and Q, the position of the sub rocker arm support portion 59B of the link mechanism 56 shown in FIG. 4 is changed. By changing the position of the sub rocker arm support portion 59B, the valve cam 52 swings about the cam shaft 151 and is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the cam shaft 151. The phase of the direction, here the angular position or the circumferential position, is changed. Thus, by changing the circumferential position of the valve cam 52 with respect to the intake cam 153, the period during which the cam crest 52B of the valve cam 52 abuts on the roller 51C and the amount of depression can be changed, so the intake valve 147 The valve opening period and the lift amount can be changed.
For example, when the ball screw 61 rotates and the nut 62 is moved to the center side of the ball screw 61 and the holder 53 is further swung in the clockwise direction in FIG. Is rotated clockwise by the link mechanism 56. When the camshaft 151 is rotated in this state, the period during which the cam crest 52B depresses the roller 51C and the amount of depressurization increase, and the intake-valve 147 opens and Increased lift.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the main part of the valve gear 50.
The valve operating apparatus 50 is configured by attaching a camshaft structure 80 in which parts such as a holder 53 and a valve operating cam 52 are incorporated into a camshaft 151 to a cylinder head 132A. The camshaft structure 80 includes a holder 53, a sub rocker arm 54, a connect link 55, a valve cam 52, a cam shaft collar 155, a sub rocker arm return spring 58, and a return spring 57.

The camshaft 151 is manufactured through processes such as cutting and grinding, and a sprocket fixing portion 151A, a positioning portion 151B, an intake cam 153, a valve cam support portion 151C, and a collar are fitted on a single spindle 81. The part 151D is formed integrally. Thus, since the intake cam 153 is integrally formed on the camshaft 151, it is not necessary to press-fit in order to provide the intake cam 153 on the camshaft 151, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
The main shaft 81 is formed so as to gradually increase in diameter from the collar fitting portion 151D side to the sprocket fixing portion 151A side, and the diameter D1 of the main shaft 81 where the intake cam 153 is formed is The diameter D2 is larger than the diameter D2 of the valve cam support portion 151C, and is larger than the diameter D3 of the collar fitting portion 151D located on the opposite side of the diameter D1 across the diameter D2. When the camshaft structure 80 is assembled, each component is inserted from the small diameter collar fitting portion 151D on the near side to the sprocket fixing portion 151A on the far side.

FIG. 9 is a partially broken side view of the first plate 53A and the camshaft 151 as viewed from the sprocket fixing portion 151A.
A hole 75 through which a bolt 53D for connecting the first plate 53A to the connecting member 59 is formed is formed in the upper part of the first plate 53A. A shaft hole 157A through which the camshaft 151 passes is located below the first plate 53A. The first and second plates 53A and 53B are manufactured through press working and cutting, and the outer diameters of the convex portions 157B and 158B fitted to the holder support portions 201D and 202D so as to be relatively rotatable are processed with high accuracy. Has been. The annular convex portions 157B and 158B are formed coaxially with the shaft holes 157A and 158A, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 5, the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 are configured to be divided into upper and lower head side support portions 201A and 202A and caps 201B and 202B, respectively, and the head side support portions 201A and 202A and the cap 201B, A split surface 205, which is a split surface with 202B, substantially coincides with the axis of the camshaft 151. The head side support portions 201A and 202A and the caps 201B and 202B have semicircular concave portions 201F and 202F that support the camshaft 151, respectively.
The holder support portions 201D and 202D are provided with a pair of semicircular upper and lower recesses formed in the head side support portions 201A and 202A and the caps 201B and 202B, and the caps 201B and 202B are attached to the head side support portions 201A and 202A. It is configured in an annular shape by being combined. The annular holder support portions 201D and 202D are formed to be coaxial with the camshaft 151 in a state where the camshaft 151 is assembled to the camshaft support portions 201 and 202. In addition, the inner diameters of the holder support portions 201D and 202D are formed larger than the diameter of the portion where each of the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 supports the camshaft 151.

As shown in FIG. 9, the inner diameter Y of the shaft hole 157 </ b> A is formed to be larger than the maximum outer diameter X of the intake cam 153. Here, the maximum outer diameter X is a straight distance connecting the apex of the cam crest 153B and the base circle 153A through the center of the camshaft 151. Thus, since the inner diameter Y of the shaft hole 157A is larger than the maximum outer diameter X of the intake cam 153, the first plate 53A inserted through the camshaft 151 passes through the intake cam 153 on the camshaft 151 in the axial direction. Can be moved to.
On the other hand, the inner diameter of the shaft hole 157B of the second plate 53B is smaller than the maximum outer diameter X, and the second plate 53B does not move over the intake cam 153. For this reason, since the second plate 53B is not mistakenly disposed at a position over the intake cam 153, it is possible to prevent erroneous assembly of the second plate 53B.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a camshaft collar 155 is fitted to the collar fitting portion 151 </ b> D adjacent to the valve cam 52 and fixed by a fixing bolt 156. The outer peripheral surface 155B of the camshaft collar 155 is configured as a plain bearing (sliding bearing). The camshaft support 202 (see FIG. 5) rotatably supports the camshaft 151 via the outer peripheral surface 155B of the camshaft collar 155 that is a plain bearing.

  At the end of the camshaft collar 155 on the valve cam 52 side, a return spring pressing collar 155A (hereinafter referred to as a collar) protruding from the outer circumferential surface 155B of the camshaft collar 155 in the circumferential direction is formed. ing. The flange portion 155A abuts on the step portion 151E on the collar fitting portion 151D side of the valve drive cam support portion 151C and is located near the side surface of the valve drive cam 52, and restricts the position of the valve drive cam 52 in the axial direction. doing. Further, a step portion 82 having a larger diameter than the valve operating cam support 151C is formed between the intake cam 153 and the valve operating cam 52, and the side surface of the valve operating cam 52 on the intake cam 153 side is formed. Is in contact with the stepped portion 82. That is, the valve cam 52 is positioned on the valve cam support portion 151C by the step portion 151E and the step portion 82.

The return spring 57 is a torsion coil spring formed by coiling the wire 257, and has a cylindrical inner diameter portion 57A (see FIG. 4) on the inner peripheral side. The return spring 57 has an inner diameter portion 57 </ b> A larger than the outer diameter of the camshaft collar 155 in an unloaded state, and is inserted into the outer diameter portion of the camshaft collar 155 and assembled to the camshaft 151. The return spring 57 is adjacent to the valve cam 52 and is disposed on the opposite side of the intake cam 153 with the valve cam 52 interposed therebetween.
A spring support hole 52 </ b> C is formed on the side surface of the valve cam 52 so as to penetrate the lower portion of the cam peak portion 52 </ b> B in the axial direction of the camshaft 151. Further, the shaft portion 59A of the connecting member 59 in the holder 53 is provided with a spring support step portion 59D formed by recessing the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 59A by one step.

  The return spring 57 has a wire rod 257 extending in the axial direction of the camshaft 151, one end 57 </ b> B engaged with the spring support hole 52 </ b> C and attached to the valve cam 52, and extending so as to be orthogonal to the camshaft 151 axial direction. The other end 57C of 257 is attached to the connecting member 59 by engaging with the spring support stepped portion 59D. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the other end 57C is bent in an L shape, and the contact portion with the spring support step portion 59D is curved in accordance with the curved surface shape of the surface of the spring support step portion 59D. And is hooked from above the spring support step 59D.

  The length of the coiled portion of the return spring 57 in the axial direction of the camshaft 151 is within the width between the flange portion 155A and the second plate 53B. The return spring 57 has its one end of the coiled portion in contact with the flange portion 155A and is engaged with the spring support step portion 59D, whereby the axial position of the camshaft 151 is regulated.

Here, the procedure for assembling the camshaft structure 80 will be described with reference to FIG.
The camshaft 151 integrally has a large-diameter sprocket fixing portion 151A at one end, and the first and second plates 53A and 53B and the valve cam 52 cannot be inserted into the camshaft 151 from one end side. . For this reason, the component parts of the camshaft structure 80 such as the first and second plates 53A and 53B and the valve drive cam 52 have the sprocket fixing portion 151A from the front side which is the collar fitting portion 151D on the other end side. It is inserted into the rear side.

  First, the first plate 53A disposed on the back side of the camshaft 151 is passed through the camshaft 151 from the collar fitting portion 151D through the shaft hole 157A so that the convex portion 157B faces the sprocket fixing portion 151A. Then, it gets over the intake cam 153 and is disposed at a position between the positioning portion 151B and the intake cam 153. At this time, since the inner diameter Y of the shaft hole 157A is larger than the maximum outer diameter X of the intake cam 153, the first plate 53A can be incorporated into the camshaft 151 through the intake cam 153 formed integrally with the camshaft 151.

Next, the assembly of the sub rocker arm 54, the connect link 55, and the valve cam 52 is passed through the camshaft 151 from the collar fitting portion 151D side, and the valve cam 52 is assembled to the valve cam support portion 151C. Next, one end of the sub rocker arm 54 is coupled to the sub rocker arm support portion 59B of the coupling member 59, and the first plate 53A and the coupling member 59 are fastened by a bolt 53D.
Then, the camshaft collar 155 is fitted to the collar fitting portion 151D, the washer 156A is interposed, the fixing bolt 156 is tightened to fix the camshaft collar 155, and then the return spring 57 is passed through the camshaft collar 155. One end 57B is inserted into the support hole 52C, and the other end 57C is hooked on the holder 53. Then, the second plate 53B is passed through the camshaft 151, the second plate 53B is fastened to the connecting member 59 by a bolt 53E, the first and second plates 53A, 53B are integrated with the connecting member 59, and the holder 53 is assembled. Finally, the camshaft structure 80 is assembled by assembling the sub rocker arm return spring 58 in the hole of the connecting member 59.

  As described above, when the return spring 57 is incorporated into the camshaft 151, the return spring 57 is attached to the camshaft collar 155 with the sub rocker arm 54, the connect link 55, and the valve cam 52 already assembled to the camshaft 151. It can be incorporated by passing through. That is, since the return spring 57 is not assembled when the sub rocker arm 54, the connect link 55, and the valve cam 52 are assembled into the camshaft 151, when the valve cam 52 and the sub rocker arm 54 are assembled, It is not necessary to work against the spring force. Thereby, the assembly property of the valve operating apparatus 50 can be improved.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, the camshaft structure 80 is disposed on the head side support portions 201A and 202A of the cylinder head 132A, and is fixed from above via caps 201B and 202B. At this time, since the split surfaces 205 of the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 substantially coincide with the axis of the camshaft 151, the cap 201B is disposed after the camshaft structure 80 is disposed on the head side support portions 201A and 202A from above. , 202B can be easily attached to the cylinder head 132A. The camshaft support portions 201 and 202 support both ends of the camshaft 151 and support the holder 53 by fitting the holder support portions 201D and 202D to the convex portions 157B and 158B. For this reason, by arranging the camshaft structure 80 on the camshaft support portions 201 and 202 and fixing the caps 201B and 202B, both the camshaft 151 and the holder 53 can be supported, and assembly can be simplified. Further, since the holder support portions 201D and 202D are coaxial with the camshaft 151, the first and second plates 53A and 53B can be swingably supported around the camshaft 151.

  Further, in the camshaft structure 80, outer peripheral surfaces 157C and 158C, which are outer surfaces of the convex portions 157B and 158B of the shaft holes 157A and 158A, are fitted to the inner peripheral surfaces 201E and 202E of the holder support portions 201D and 202D. It is attached and supported by holder support parts 201D and 202D from the outside. That is, after the camshaft structure 80 is disposed on the camshaft support portions 201 and 202, the caps 201B and 202B are fixed later to support the camshaft structure 80 from the outside. Can be.

As described above, according to the embodiment to which the present invention is applied, since the intake cam 153 is formed integrally with the camshaft 151, the operation of press-fitting the intake cam 153 into the camshaft 151 is not required at the stage of assembly. Thus, the assembly of the valve gear 50 can be simplified, and the number of assembly steps can be reduced. As an assembly procedure, since the shaft hole 157A of the first plate 53A on the back side is made larger than the outer diameter of the intake cam 153 formed integrally with the camshaft 151, the first plate 53A is integrated with the camshaft 151. The intake cam 153 can be moved to the back side of the intake cam 153 and disposed. Therefore, the assembly of the valve gear 50 is simplified and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.
The first and second plates 53A and 53B are used as outer supports, and the holder 53 is inserted from the outside through the first and second plates 53A and 53B after the first and second plates 53A and 53B are inserted into the camshaft 151. Easy to assemble because it can be supported.

  Further, the camshaft collar 151C is provided by forming the valve cam support portion 151C with a diameter D2 larger than the diameter D3 of the collar fitting portion 151D opposite to the diameter D1 on the intake cam 153 side. The camshaft collar 155 is inserted into the collar fitting portion 151D so that the flange portion 155A of the 155 contacts the step portion 151E, and the position of the valve cam 52 can be regulated by the flange portion 155A. The camshaft 151 can be positioned in the axial direction.

  Further, not only the camshaft collar 155 is used as a positioning member of the valve cam 52, but the outer peripheral surface 155B of the camshaft collar 155 is also used as a plain bearing for supporting the camshaft 151, so that the number of parts can be reduced. Further, since the number of parts is reduced, the assembly man-hour can be reduced. Furthermore, since the collar portion 155A of the camshaft collar 155 also serves as a positioning of the return spring 57, the number of parts can be reduced.

  In addition, since the pair of first and second plates 53A and 53B are fastened to the connecting member 59 by bolts 53D and 53E and are integrally assembled, the link mechanism is in a stage before the second plate 53B is fastened integrally by the bolt 53E. 56, the valve cam 52, the camshaft collar 155, and the return spring 57 are assembled, and then the second plate 53B can be fastened. Thereby, each component of the valve operating mechanism 50 can be easily arranged and assembled between the first and second plates 53A and 53B, and the structure of the valve operating device 50 and the degree of assembly freedom can be improved. Further, the pair of first and second plates 53A and 53B are individually fastened to the connecting member 59 by bolts 53D and 53E, respectively, so that the link mechanism 56 of the valve mechanism 50, the valve cam 52, the camshaft collar 155, And since each component, such as the return spring 57, can be assembled while being fixed in stages, it is possible to prevent the components being assembled from falling off, and to improve the assembling performance.

In addition, the said embodiment shows the one aspect | mode which applied this invention, Comprising: This invention is not limited to the said embodiment.
In the above embodiment, the engine 17 is described as a DOHC type engine, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the camshaft 151, the intake valve 147, and the exhaust valve provided in one cylinder. The number of 148 is not particularly limited. For example, the engine may be a SOHC type engine. Of course, the other detailed configurations of the motorcycle 10 can be arbitrarily changed.

1 is a side view of a cruiser type motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the internal structure of the engine from the side. It is a figure which expands and shows the internal structure of the front bank of FIG. It is a partially broken side view which shows a valve operating apparatus. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the valve operating apparatus of the front bank from the rear side. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the drive mechanism from the side surface side. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the drive mechanism from the front part side. It is a principal part front view of a valve gear. It is the partially broken side view which looked at the 1st plate and the camshaft from the sprocket fixed part side.

10 Motorcycle 17 Engine (Internal combustion engine)
50 Valve operating device 52 Valve operating cam 53A First plate (holder plate)
53B Second plate (holder plate)
53D, 53E Bolt 56 Link mechanism 59 Connecting member (sub rocker arm support member)
59B Sub rocker arm support (fulcrum)
60 Drive mechanism 132A, 132B Cylinder head 147 Intake valve (engine valve)
148 Exhaust valve (engine valve)
151, 152 Camshaft (Camshaft)
151E Stepped portion 153 Intake cam (drive cam)
154 Exhaust cam (drive cam)
155 Camshaft collar (camshaft collar)
155A collar (cam shaft collar end)
155B Outer peripheral surface 157A Shaft hole (insertion hole)

Claims (4)

A camshaft that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the internal combustion engine, a drive cam that rotates integrally with the camshaft, a valve cam that rotates relative to the camshaft to open and close the engine valve, and a valve driving force of the drive cam Is transmitted to the valve cam, a pair of holder plates that support a fulcrum of the link mechanism and can swing around the cam shaft, and a fulcrum position of the link mechanism by swinging the holder plate. A valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine that can change a valve operating characteristic that the engine valve opens and closes at a swing position of a fulcrum of the link mechanism.
An internal combustion engine characterized in that the drive cam is formed integrally with a cam shaft, an insertion hole is formed through which the drive cam passes when assembled to a holder plate on the back side, and the holder plate is supported from the outside of the insertion hole. Valve gear.   The valve cam is provided adjacent to the drive cam, the shaft diameter of the support portion of the valve cam of the cam shaft is formed larger than the shaft diameter on the counter drive cam side, and the cam drive counter cam The camshaft collar is inserted from the side, and the end of the camshaft collar is brought into contact with the stepped portion of the support portion of the valve cam so that the valve cam is positioned. 2. The valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to 1. The outer peripheral surface of the cam shaft collar is a plain bearing that supports the cam shaft;
The valve operating apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2. The pair of holder plates are integrally formed by fastening with bolts to a sub rocker arm support member that supports a fulcrum of the link mechanism,
The valve gear for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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