JP4990665B2 - Optical film, polarizing plate, and image display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical film, a polarizing plate using the optical film, and an image display device using the optical film or the polarizing plate.

  Optical films, particularly antireflection films, are generally used for reflection of external light in image display devices such as cathode ray tube display (CRT), plasma display (PDP), electroluminescence display (ELD) and liquid crystal display (LCD). In order to prevent contrast degradation and image reflection due to optical interference, it is disposed on the outermost surface of the display so as to reduce the reflectance by using the principle of optical interference.

  The antireflection film can be produced by forming a low refractive index layer having an appropriate thickness and a lower refractive index than the support on the support. In order to realize a low reflectance, it is desirable to use a material having a refractive index as low as possible for the low refractive index layer. Moreover, since an antireflection film is used for the outermost surface of a display, high scratch resistance is required. In order to realize high scratch resistance in a thin film having a thickness of around 100 nm, the strength of the coating itself and the adhesion to the lower layer are required. In addition, since anti-reflection films are used on the outermost surface of display devices, they are resistant to various stains, such as fingerprints, for display and daily use, and even when they are attached, they can be wiped off (hereinafter referred to as “removable”). In other words, both are called antifouling properties).

  In order to lower the refractive index of the material, a method of introducing a fluorine atom has been known so far, and means using a crosslinkable material containing fluorine has been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 3). Attempts have also been made to use hollow silica particles from the viewpoint of achieving both a low refractive index and scratch resistance. Regarding antireflection performance, Patent Documents 1 to 3 use a fluorine-containing compound having a high fluorine content. However, when a crosslinkable material having a high fluorine content is used, the film strength and the adhesion at the interface are lowered and the scratch resistance is lowered, and the scratch resistance may be deteriorated particularly when stored for a long period of time. Moreover, although the fluorine content is increased, the antifouling property may be deteriorated, and this tendency is particularly remarkable when a fluorine-containing compound having a high fluorine content and hollow silica particles are used in combination. . As a result, it is difficult to achieve both low refractive index and scratch resistance, scratch resistance after long-term storage, and antifouling properties, and these improvements have been desired.

JP-A-8-92323 JP 2003-222702 A JP 2003-26732 A

  One aspect of the present invention is an optical film (preferably a reflective film) that uses a material having a high fluorine content to lower the refractive index of the low refractive index layer and has excellent low reflectance, scratch resistance, and magic wiping durability. Prevention film). Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an optical film (preferably an antireflection film) having good stability that does not deteriorate scratch resistance when stored for a long period of time using a material having a high fluorine content. Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate and an image display device using such an optical film.

（式中Ｒ ^１ 、Ｒ ^２ は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、アルキル基又はアリール基を表し、ｐは２〜５００の整数を表す。）
（Ｂ）粒子サイズ５ｎｍ以上１２０ｎｍ以下の中空シリカ微粒子
（Ｃ）１分子中に（メタ）アクリロイル基を複数個有する化合物
＜２＞
前記塗布組成物がさらに粒子サイズが３０ｎｍ以上１５０ｎｍ以下である空腔のないシリカ粒子を含有する＜１＞に記載の光学フィルム。
＜３＞
前記（Ａ）が、水酸基を有する上記＜１＞又は＜２＞に記載の光学フィルム。
＜４＞
前記（Ａ）のフッ素含率が、４５％以上である上記＜１＞〜＜３＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜５＞
前記（Ｂ）の中空シリカ微粒子のうち少なくとも１種が、粒子サイズ４０ｎｍ以上１００ｎｍ以下の微粒子である上記＜１＞〜＜４＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜６＞
前記（Ｂ）の中空シリカ微粒子のうち少なくとも１種の粒子の屈折率が、１．１５以上１．３０以下である上記＜１＞〜＜５＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜７＞
前記（Ｃ）が、オルガノシロキサン構造を有する上記＜１＞〜＜６＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜８＞
前記（Ｃ）が、フッ素を有する上記＜１＞〜＜７＞のいずれか記載の光学フィルム。
＜９＞
前記塗布組成物が、さらに（Ｄ）１分子中に（Ａ）の含フッ素化合物と化学結合形成可能な官能基を複数個含む化合物を含有する上記＜１＞〜＜８＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜１０＞
前記（Ｄ）が、アミノプラスト類である上記＜９＞に記載の光学フィルム。
＜１１＞
前記塗布組成物が、さらに（Ｅ）重合開始剤を含有する上記＜１＞〜＜１０＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜１２＞
前記（Ｅ）の重合開始剤の分子量が２８０以上である上記＜１１＞に記載の光学フィルム。
＜１３＞
前記最外層の屈折率が１．２０以上１．３５以下である上記＜１＞〜＜１２＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜１４＞
前記光学フィルムの表面ヘイズ値が、１０％以下である上記＜１＞〜＜１３＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム。
＜１５＞
偏光膜と、該偏光膜の両側に設けられた保護フィルムとを有する偏光板であって、該保護フィルムの少なくとも一方が、上記＜１＞〜＜１４＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルムである偏光板。
＜１６＞
上記＜１＞〜＜１４＞のいずれかに記載の光学フィルム、又は上記＜１５＞に記載の偏光板を、有する画像表示装置。
なお、本発明は上記＜１＞〜＜１６＞に関するものであるが、参考のためその他の事項（例えば下記（１）〜（１９）に記載の事項など）についても記載した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-described problems, the present inventors have found that the above-described problems can be solved and the object can be achieved, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention achieves the object by the following configuration.
<1>
An optical film having, as an outermost layer, a layer formed by coating a coating composition on a support, the coating composition containing the following (A), (B) and (C), and An optical film in which the refractive index of the outermost layer is in the range of 1.20 to 1.38.
(A) a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorine content of 40% by mass or more,
Containing a component having a (meth) acryloyl group in a molar fraction of 15% to 30%,
A component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-1], and a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-2],
Containing a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-3] in a range of 10% to 50% by mole fraction,
Containing a polysiloxane repeating unit represented by the following general formula 2 in the main chain,
Fluorine-containing compound having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000
Formula _{[1-1] CF 2 = CF-} Rf1
Formula _{[1-2] CF 2 = CF-} ORf12
Formula _{[1-3] CH 2 = CH-} ORf13
(Wherein Rf1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Rf12 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and Rf13 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms)
General formula 2

(Wherein R ^1, R ² may be the same or different and represent an alkyl group or an aryl group, p is an integer of 2 to 500.)
(B) Hollow silica fine particles having a particle size of 5 nm to 120 nm
(C) Compound having a plurality of (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule
<2>
The optical film according to <1>, wherein the coating composition further contains silica particles having no voids and having a particle size of 30 nm or more and 150 nm or less.
<3>
The optical film according to <1> or <2>, wherein (A) has a hydroxyl group.
<4>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the fluorine content of (A) is 45% or more.
<5>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein at least one of the hollow silica fine particles (B) is a fine particle having a particle size of 40 nm to 100 nm.
<6>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein a refractive index of at least one kind of the hollow silica fine particles (B) is 1.15 to 1.30.
<7>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <6>, wherein (C) has an organosiloxane structure.
<8>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein (C) includes fluorine.
<9>
The coating composition according to any one of <1> to <8>, wherein the coating composition further contains (D) a compound containing a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond with the fluorine-containing compound (A) in one molecule. Optical film.
<10>
The optical film according to <9>, wherein (D) is an aminoplast.
<11>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <10>, wherein the coating composition further contains (E) a polymerization initiator.
<12>
The optical film according to <11>, wherein the polymerization initiator (E) has a molecular weight of 280 or more.
<13>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <12>, wherein the outermost layer has a refractive index of 1.20 or more and 1.35 or less.
<14>
The optical film according to any one of <1> to <13>, wherein the surface haze value of the optical film is 10% or less.
<15>
It is a polarizing plate which has a polarizing film and the protective film provided in the both sides of this polarizing film, Comprising: At least one of this protective film is an optical film in any one of said <1>-<14>. Polarizer.
<16>
The image display apparatus which has an optical film in any one of said <1>-<14>, or the polarizing plate as described in said <15>.
In addition, although this invention is related to said <1>-<16>, the other matter (For example, the matter as described in following (1)-(19) etc.) was described for reference.

(1) An optical film having, as an outermost layer, a layer obtained by coating a coating composition on a support, the coating composition comprising (A) a fluorine-containing composition having a fluorine content of 40% by mass or more The optical film which contains a compound and (B) microparticles | fine-particles with a particle size of 5 nm or more and 120 nm or less and whose refractive index of the outermost layer is 1.20 or more and 1.38 or less.
(2) The optical film as described in 1 above, wherein (A) has a hydroxyl group.
(3) The optical film as described in 1 or 2 above, wherein (A) has a (meth) acrylate group.
(4) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 3, wherein the fluorine content of (A) is 45% or more.
(5) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the particles of (B) is a fine particle of 40 nm to 100 nm.
(6) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 5 above, wherein the refractive index of at least one kind of the particles (B) is 1.15 or more and 1.30 or less.
(7) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the particles of (B) is a particle having pores therein.
(8) The optical film according to any one of 1 to 7, wherein the coating composition further contains a compound having a component (C) (meth) acryloyl group.
(9) The optical film as described in 8 above, wherein (C) has a plurality of (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule.
(10) The optical film as described in 8 or 9 above, wherein (C) has an organosiloxane structure.
(11) The optical film as described in any one of 8 to 10, wherein (C) has fluorine. (12) The coating composition according to any one of 1 to 11, wherein the coating composition further comprises (D) a compound containing a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond with the fluorine-containing compound of (A) in one molecule. Optical film.
(13) The optical film as described in 12 above, wherein (D) is an aminoplast.
(14) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 13, wherein the coating composition further contains (E) a polymerization initiator.
(15) The optical film as described in 14 above, wherein the polymerization initiator (E) has a molecular weight of 280 or more.
(16) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 15, wherein the outermost layer has a refractive index of 1.20 or more and 1.35 or less.
(17) The optical film as described in any one of 1 to 16, wherein the surface haze value of the optical film is 10% or less.
(18) A polarizing plate having a polarizing film and protective films provided on both sides of the polarizing film, wherein at least one of the protective films is the optical film according to any one of 1 to 17 above. Board.
(19) An image display device comprising the optical film described in any one of 1 to 17 or the polarizing plate described in 18 above.

  The optical film of the present invention is an optical film having a low refractive index and improved scratch resistance by using fine particles having a specific particle size together with a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorine content of 40% or more. Can be provided. In one embodiment, the optical film of the present invention improves film strength and interface adhesion deterioration, and is excellent in scratch resistance and long-term storage stability. A polarizing plate using the optical film of the present invention has low reflectance and excellent scratch resistance. Further, the display device including the optical film and the polarizing plate of the present invention has little reflection of external light and reflection of the background, has extremely high visibility, and excellent scratch resistance.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. In the present specification, when a numerical value represents a physical property value, a characteristic value, etc., the description “(numerical value 1) to (numerical value 2)” means “(numerical value 1) or more and (numerical value 2) or less”. . In the present specification, the description “(meth) acrylate” means “at least one of acrylate and methacrylate”. The same applies to “(meth) acrylic acid” and the like.

One aspect of the present invention is an optical film having a layer obtained by coating a coating composition containing the following (A) and (B) on a support (the film of the present invention in the specification). Or the optical film of the present invention), and the refractive index of the outermost layer is 1.20 to 1.38.
(A) Fluorine-containing compound having a fluorine content of 40% or more (B) Fine particles having a particle size of 5 nm to 120 nm

1. Component 1- (1) used in the low refractive index layer of the present invention Compound having a fluorine content of 40% or more [Component (A) of the low refractive index layer of the present invention]
In the present invention, a compound having a fluorine content (mass%) of 40% or more has a reactive functional group and can be prepared as a coating composition to form a low refractive index layer. There is no particular limitation. From the viewpoint of forming a layer without volatilization during coating and curing, a molecular weight of 300 to 300,000 is preferred.

In the present invention, the fluorine content of the fluorine-containing compound used as the component (A) is 40% by mass to 65% by mass, preferably 45% by mass to 65% by mass, and more preferably 50% by mass or more. 65% by mass or less. If the fluorine content is lower than 40% by mass, the desired low refractive index cannot be achieved. It is preferable from a soluble viewpoint to a general purpose solvent as it is 65 mass% or less.
Although the fluorine-containing compound used as a component (A) is not specifically limited, The polyfunctional polymer whose molecular weight is 1000 or more is preferable. The refractive index of the fluorine-containing polymer is preferably 1.34 to 1.40, more preferably 1.35 to 1.38, and most preferably 1.35 to 1.37. Hereinafter, the fluorine-containing polymer will be described in detail.

  In the coating composition of the present invention, the components (A) and (B) are 5% by mass to 75% by mass and the component (B) is 25% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of the coating composition. It is preferable that 80 mass% or less is contained. When the amount of the component (A) is in this range, a coating solution having excellent stability and solubility can be prepared. In addition, when the content of the component (B) is less than 25% by mass, it is difficult to obtain the effect of the present invention. This is undesirable.

[Fluoropolymer]
Examples of the fluorine-containing polymer that can be used in the present invention include the following structures.

General formula 1
(MF1) a- (MF2) b- (MF3) c- (MA) d- (MB) e
In general formula 1, a to e each represent a mole fraction of each constituent component, and values satisfying the relationships of 30 ≦ a + b ≦ 70, 0 ≦ c ≦ 50, 5 ≦ d ≦ 50, and 0 ≦ e ≦ 20. To express.

In General Formula 1, (MF1) represents a constituent component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following General Formula [1-1].
General formula [1-1]
(CF ₂ = CF-Rf1)
In the formula, Rf1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

(MF2) represents a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-2].
General formula [1-2]
(CF ₂ = CF-ORf12)
In the formula, Rf12 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

(MF3) represents a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-3].
General formula [1-3]
(CH ₂ = CH-ORf13)
In the formula, Rf13 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

(MA) represents a constituent component containing at least one reactive group that can participate in the crosslinking reaction. (MB) represents an arbitrary component.

Hereinafter, each component of the general formula 1 will be described in detail.
General formula [1-1]
(CF ₂ = CF-Rf1)
In the formula, Rf1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. As the compound of the general formula [1-1], perfluoropropylene or perfluorobutylene is preferable from the viewpoint of polymerization reactivity, and perfluoropropylene is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of availability.

General formula [1-2]
(CF ₂ = CF-ORf12)
In the formula, Rf12 represents a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and perfluoro having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is an alkyl group. The fluorinated alkyl group may have a substituent. As a specific example of Rf12,
_{-CF 3 {M2- (1)}} ,
_{-CF 2 CF 3 {M2- (2} )},
_{-CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 {M2-} (3)},
_{-CF 2 CF (OCF 2 CF 2} CF 3) CF 3 {M2- (4)} , and the like.

General formula [1-3]
(CH ₂ = CH-ORf13)
In the formula, Rf13 represents a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and a straight chain {for example, —CF ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) _a H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) _a F (a: an integer of 2 to 12), etc.}, a branched structure {eg, —CH (CF ₃ ) ₂ , —CH ₂ CF (CF ₃ ) ₂ , —CH (CH ₃ ) CF ₂ CF ₃ , —CH (CH ₃ ) (CF ₂ ) ₅ CF ₂ H, etc.}, and alicyclic It may have a structure (preferably a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring such as a perfluorocyclohexyl group, a perfluorocyclopentyl group or an alkyl group substituted with these), and an ether bond (for example, —CH ₂ OCH ₂ CF ₂ CF _3, -CH _{2 H 2 OCH 2 (CF 2)} b H, -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 (CF 2) b F (b: 2~12 _{integer), - CH 2 CH 2 OCF} 2 CF 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H , etc.) You may have. The substituent represented by Rf13 is not limited to the substituent described here.

  Examples of the monomer represented by the general formula [1-3] include “Macromolecules”, Vol. 32 (21), p. 7122 (1999), a method in which a fluorine-containing alcohol is allowed to act on a leaving group-substituted alkyl vinyl ether such as vinyloxyalkyl sulfonate and vinyloxyalkyl chloride as described in JP-A-2-721. A method of exchanging vinyl groups by mixing a fluorine-containing alcohol and a vinyl ether such as butyl vinyl ether in the presence of a palladium catalyst as described in International Patent Application No. 92/05135; as described in US Pat. No. 3,420,793. , A method in which a fluorine-containing ketone and dibromoethane are reacted in the presence of a potassium fluoride catalyst, followed by a de-HBr reaction with an alkali catalyst;

  Although the preferable example of a structural component represented by general formula [1-3] is shown below, it is not limited to these.

_{M1- (43) CH 2 = CH} -O-CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2) 8 F

  In the general formula 1, (MA) represents a constituent component containing at least one reactive group that can participate in the crosslinking reaction. Examples of the reactive group capable of participating in the crosslinking reaction include a silyl group having a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group (for example, alkoxysilyl group, acyloxysilyl group, etc.), a group having a reactive unsaturated double bond ((meth) Acryloyl group, allyl group, vinyloxy group, etc.), ring-opening polymerization reactive group (epoxy group, oxetanyl group, oxazolyl group, etc.), group having active hydrogen atom (for example, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, carbamoyl group, mercapto group) , Β-ketoester groups, hydrosilyl groups, silanol groups, etc.), acid anhydrides, groups that can be substituted by nucleophiles (active halogen atoms, sulfonate esters, etc.) and the like.

  Among these reactive groups, a group having polymerization activity alone is preferable, a hydrolyzable silyl group, a group having a reactive unsaturated double bond, and a ring-opening polymerizable reactive group are more preferable, and particularly preferable. It is a hydrolyzable silyl group, a (meth) acryloyl group, an allyl group, or an epoxy group. Examples of the particularly preferred form of (MA) include general formulas 4 to 8.

In General Formula 4, L ¹ represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may have a substituent (for example, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, etc.), and an aliphatic ring structure (for example, A cyclohexane ring or the like). An alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, and an ethylene group or a propylene group is particularly preferable. s represents 0 or 1, and from the viewpoint of polymerization reactivity, s is preferably 0. X represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group (for example, an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, a halogen atom such as chloro or bromo, an acyloxy group such as an acetoxy group or a phenoxy group), preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group It is a group. The constituent component represented by the general formula 4 can be synthesized by a method utilizing a hydrosilylation reaction as described in JP-A-48-62726.

In General Formula 5, L ² represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may have a substituent (for example, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, etc.), and an aliphatic ring structure (for example, A cyclohexane ring or the like). Preferably it is a C1-C10 alkylene group, Most preferably, it is a C2-C5 alkylene group. t represents 0 or 1, preferably t is 1. R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom. The unsaturated double bond in general formula 5 is obtained by synthesizing a polymer having a hydroxyl group and then reacting with an acid halide such as (meth) acrylic acid chloride or an acid anhydride such as (meth) acrylic anhydride. It may be introduced, or may be formed by a conventional method such as dehydrochlorination after polymerizing a vinyl monomer having a 3-chloropropionic acid ester moiety.

In General Formula 6, L ³ and u represent the same meaning as L ² and t in General Formula 5, respectively.
The allyl group in the structural component represented by the general formula 6 can also be introduced by a method of reacting an allyl halide after synthesizing a polymer having a hydroxyl group as in the structural component of the general formula 5.

In General Formula 7, L ⁴ represents the same meaning as L ² in General Formula 5. v represents 0 or 1. R ² and R ³ each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom. The component represented by the general formula 7 is an epoxy synthesized by a method in which an epoxy compound such as epichlorohydrin is allowed to act on a vinyl ether having a hydroxyl group, a method in which glycidol is allowed to act on butyl vinyl ether in the presence of a catalyst, and the like. It is obtained by polymerizing a group-containing vinyl ether.

L ⁵ , w, R ⁴ and R ⁵ in general formula 8 represent the same meaning as L ⁴ , v, R ² and R ³ in general formula 7, respectively. The component represented by the general formula 8 is synthesized in the same manner as the component represented by the general formula 7.

  Other functional groups other than those described as particularly preferred examples of the component (MA) may be introduced from the monomer stage, or a polymer having a reactive group such as a hydroxyl group may be introduced after synthesis.

  Although the preferable example of the structural component represented by (MA) in the polymer represented by the said General formula 1 is shown below, this invention is not limited to these.

  In the general formula 1, (MB) represents an arbitrary constituent, and is a monomer that can be copolymerized with the monomer represented by (MF1), (MF2) and the monomer that forms the constituent represented by (MA). There is no particular limitation as long as it is a constituent of the body, and various properties such as adhesion to the base material, polymer Tg (contributes to film hardness), solubility in solvents, transparency, slipperiness, dust resistance and antifouling properties, etc. It can be appropriately selected from the viewpoint.

  Examples include vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, and vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, and vinyl cyclohexanecarboxylate. Can do.

In particular, from the viewpoint of slipperiness and antifouling properties, it is preferable to use a constituent unit having a polysiloxane structure shown below as the component represented by (MB).
(Constitutional unit having polysiloxane structure)
The main chain or the side chain may contain a polysiloxane repeating unit represented by the following general formula 2.
General formula 2

In the formula, R ¹ and R ² may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group or an aryl group. As an alkyl group, C1-C4 is preferable and a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, an ethyl group etc. are mentioned as an example. The aryl group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. Among these, a methyl group and a phenyl group are preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable. p represents an integer of 2 to 500, preferably 5 to 350, and particularly preferably 8 to 250.

  The polymer having a polysiloxane structure represented by the general formula 2 in the side chain is, for example, an epoxy group, a hydroxyl group as described in J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2000, 78, 1955, JP-A-56-28219, etc. The reactive group (for example, an amino group, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, etc. with respect to an epoxy group or an acid anhydride group) is separated from a polymer having a reactive group such as a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group. It can be synthesized by a method of introducing a polysiloxane having a terminal (for example, Silaplane series (manufactured by Chisso Corporation)) by a polymer reaction or a method of polymerizing a polysiloxane-containing silicon macromer, and both methods are preferably used. Can do.

  There is no particular limitation on the method for introducing the polysiloxane partial structure into the main chain. For example, an azo group-containing polysiloxane amide described in JP-A-6-93100 (VPS-0501, 1001 (trade name; Wako Pure) A method using a polymer-type initiator such as Yaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a polymerization initiator, a reactive group derived from a chain transfer agent (for example, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, etc.) is introduced into the polymer terminal, Examples thereof include a method of reacting with a polysiloxane containing one or both terminal reactive groups (for example, epoxy group, isocyanate group, etc.), a method of copolymerizing a cyclic siloxane oligomer such as hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane by anionic ring-opening polymerization, and the like. However, among them, a method using an initiator having a polysiloxane partial structure is easy and preferable.

  From the viewpoint of lowering the refractive index, the component indicated by (MB) is also preferably a fluorinated cycloalkyl group-containing block copolymer unit described in JP-A-2005-760006.

In general formula 1, a to e each represent a mole fraction of each constituent component,
30 ≦ a + b ≦ 70, 0 ≦ c ≦ 50, 5 ≦ d ≦ 50, 0 ≦ e ≦ 20
Represents a value satisfying the relationship. In order to reduce the refractive index of the material, it is desirable to increase the molar fraction (%) a + b of the (MF1) component and (MF2) component, but general solution-based radical polymerization in terms of polymerization reactivity In the reaction, introduction of about 50 to 70% is the limit, and it is difficult to do so. In the present invention, a + b is preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 45% or more.

  In the present invention, the (MF3) component is introduced in addition to the (MF1) component and the (MF2) component as means for reducing the refractive index. The molar fraction c of the (MF3) component is preferably in the range of 10 ≦ c ≦ 50, particularly preferably 20 ≦ c ≦ 40. The sum of the molar fractions of these fluorine-containing monomer components is preferably in the range of 60 ≦ a + b + c ≦ 90, and particularly preferably 60 ≦ a + b ≦ 75.

  When the ratio of the polymer unit represented by (MA) is too small, the strength of the cured film becomes weak. In the present invention, the molar fraction of the (MA) component is particularly preferably in the range of 5 ≦ d ≦ 40, and particularly preferably in the range of 15 ≦ d ≦ 30.

  The molar fraction (%) e of the optional component represented by (MB) is preferably in the range of 0 ≦ e ≦ 20, and particularly preferably in the range of 0 ≦ d ≦ 10%.

  The number average molecular weight of the fluorine-containing polymer used for forming the low refractive index layer in the present invention is preferably 1,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 5,000 to 500,000, and particularly preferably 10 , 100,000 to 100,000.

  Here, the number average molecular weight is expressed in terms of polystyrene by GTH analyzer using TSKgel GMHxL, TSKgel G4000HxL, and TSKgel G2000HxL (both trade names manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) by solvent THF and differential refractometer detection. Molecular weight.

  The obtained polymer can be used as it is for the application of the present invention, or can be purified by reprecipitation or liquid separation operation.

  Examples of the polymer represented by the general formula 1 of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In Table 1, it is expressed as a combination of monomers (MF1), (MF2), (MF3), (MA), and (MB) that form a fluorine-containing component of the general formula 1 by polymerization. In the table, a to e represent the molar ratio (%) of each component monomer. In the table, the component (MB) having wt% indicates the mass% of the component in the whole polymer.

The abbreviations in the above table represent the following.
(MF1) component HFP: hexafluoropropylene (MF2) component FPVE: perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether)
(MB) Component EVE: Ethyl vinyl ether VPS-1001: Azo group-containing polydimethylsiloxane, molecular weight of polysiloxane part about 10,000, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. FM-0721: methacryloyl-modified dimethylsiloxane, average molecular weight 5000, ( Manufactured by Chisso Corporation NE-30: reactive nonionic emulsifier, containing ethylene oxide moiety, manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.

  The synthesis of the polymer represented by the general formula 1 of the present invention can be performed by various polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, precipitation polymerization, suspension polymerization, bulk polymerization, and emulsion polymerization. In this case, it can be synthesized by a known operation such as batch, semi-continuous or continuous.

  The polymerization initiation method includes a method using a radical initiator, a method of irradiating light or radiation, and the like. These polymerization methods and polymerization initiation methods are, for example, the revised version of Tsuruta Junji “Polymer Synthesis Method” (published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, 1971), Takatsu Otsu, Masato Kinoshita, “Experimental Methods for Polymer Synthesis” It is described in pp. 47-154 published in 1972.

  Among the above polymerization methods, a solution polymerization method using a radical initiator is particularly preferable. Solvents used in the solution polymerization method include, for example, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, benzene, toluene, acetonitrile, A single organic solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol, or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used, or a mixed solvent with water may be used.

  The polymerization temperature must be set in relation to the molecular weight of the copolymer to be produced, the type of initiator, etc., and can be from 0 ° C. or lower to 100 ° C. or higher, but the polymerization is carried out in the range of 50 to 100 ° C. It is preferable.

The reaction pressure can be selected as appropriate, but it is usually 1-100 kg / cm ² , particularly about 1-30 kg / cm ² . The reaction time is about 5 to 30 hours.

  In the coating composition of the present invention, a curing catalyst, a curing agent, or the like may be appropriately blended, and known ones can be used. The coating composition of the present invention comprises a fluorine-containing polymer, a curing catalyst and a solvent. In addition, additives and additives for improving the performance for curing acceleration and polymer use may be included.

  For example, when the polymer of the general formula 1 contains a hydrolyzable silyl group as a curing reactive site, a known acid or base catalyst can be blended as a sol-gel reaction catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc. Inorganic Bronsted acids, organic bronsted acids such as oxalic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, methanesulfonic acid, paratoluenesulfonic acid, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dioctate, triisopropoxyaluminum, tetrabutoxyzirconium, etc. Lewis acids, inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, and organic bases such as triethylamine, pyridine, tetramethylethylenediamine, etc., but acid catalysts are particularly preferred. Etc. Organic Lewis acids such as Ren Hempstead acids or dibutyl tin dilaurate is preferred.

  The addition amount of these curing catalysts is arbitrary depending on the kind of the catalyst and the curing reactive site, but is generally preferably about 0.1 to 15% by mass relative to the total solid content of the coating composition. Preferably it is about 0.5-5 mass%.

1- (2) Fine particles [constituent component (B) of low refractive index layer of the invention]
The fine particles that can be used in the low refractive index layer of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, it is preferable to use fine particles in the low refractive index layer from the viewpoint of lowering the refractive index and improving the scratch resistance.
From the viewpoint of lowering the refractive index, the fine particles are preferably organic or inorganic fine particles, and organic or inorganic low refractive index fine particles are preferred.

  The average particle size of the fine particles is 5 nm to 120 nm, preferably 10 to 100 nm, more preferably 40 to 100 nm. It is preferable that at least one of the particles (B) is 40 to 100 nm.

  The refractive index of the fine particles is preferably 1.10 to 1.40, more preferably 1.15 to 1.35, and particularly preferably 1.15 to 1.30. The refractive index here represents the refractive index of the entire particle. The refractive index of at least one kind of fine particles is preferably 1.15 or more and 1.30 or less.

Examples of organic (low refractive index) fine particles include silicone-based particles and particles having pores therein. The organic fine particles having voids themselves are, for example, porous particles having a polymer layer and a pore-filling layer as shown in JP-A No. 2002-256004, wherein the pore-filling layer is a fugitive substance, Examples thereof include a substitution gas, or a combination thereof, and porous particles having a glass transition temperature of 10 ° C. to 50 ° C. of the polymer layer.
It is also preferable to use hollow organic particles described in JP-A-2005-213366 and 2005-215315.

  Examples of the inorganic (low refractive index) fine particles include inorganic fine particles such as magnesium fluoride and silica. In particular, silica fine particles are preferable in terms of refractive index, dispersion stability, and cost.

  If the particle size of the inorganic fine particles is too small, the effect of improving the scratch resistance is reduced. If the particle size is too large, fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the low refractive index layer, and the appearance such as black tightening and the integrated reflectance are deteriorated. The inorganic fine particles may be either crystalline or amorphous, and may be monodispersed particles or aggregated particles as long as a predetermined particle size is satisfied. The shape is most preferably a spherical diameter, but there is no problem even if the shape is indefinite.

The coating amount of the low refractive index particles is ^{preferably 1mg / m 2 ~100mg / m 2} , more preferably ^{5mg / m 2 ~80mg / m 2} , more preferably from ^{10mg / m 2 ~60mg / m 2} . If the amount is too small, the effect of improving the scratch resistance is reduced. If the amount is too large, fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the low refractive index layer, and the appearance such as black tightening and the integrated reflectance are deteriorated.

[Porous or hollow fine particles]
In order to reduce the refractive index, it is preferable that at least one of the fine particles is a fine particle having a porous or hollow structure. The porosity of these particles is preferably 10 to 80%, more preferably 20 to 60%, and most preferably 30 to 60%. It is preferable that the void ratio of the hollow fine particles be in the above range from the viewpoint of lowering the refractive index and maintaining the durability of the particles.

  When the porous or hollow particles are silica, the fine particles preferably have a refractive index of 1.10 to 1.40, more preferably 1.15 to 1.35, and most preferably 1.15 to 1.30. It is. The refractive index here represents the refractive index of the entire particle, and does not represent the refractive index of only the outer shell silica forming the silica particles.

  A method for producing porous or hollow silica is described, for example, in JP-A-2001-233611 and JP-A-2002-79616. In particular, particles having cavities inside the shell and having fine pores in the shell are particularly preferred. The refractive index of these hollow silica particles can be calculated by the method described in JP-A-2002-79616.

The coating amount of the porous or hollow silica is ^preferably from ^{1mg / m 2 ~100mg / m 2} , more preferably ^{5mg / m 2 ~80mg / m 2} , more preferably is 10mg ^{/ m 2} ~60mg ^/ m 2 . If the amount is too small, the effect of reducing the refractive index and the effect of improving the scratch resistance are reduced. If the amount is too large, fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the low refractive index layer, and the appearance such as black tightening and the integrated reflectance are deteriorated.

  The average particle size of the porous or hollow silica is preferably 30% or more and 150% or less, more preferably 35% or more and 80% or less, and still more preferably 40% or more and 60% or less of the thickness of the low refractive index layer. That is, if the thickness of the low refractive index layer is 100 nm, the particle size of the hollow silica is preferably 30 nm to 150 nm, more preferably 35 nm to 100 nm, and still more preferably 40 nm to 65 nm. In the present invention, the pore-containing fine particles may have a size distribution, and the coefficient of variation thereof is preferably 60% to 5%, more preferably 50% to 10%. In addition, two or more kinds of particles having different average particle sizes can be mixed and used.

  If the particle size of the silica particles is too small, the proportion of cavities will decrease and a decrease in refractive index cannot be expected.If it is too large, fine irregularities will be formed on the surface of the low refractive index layer, the appearance of black tightening, and the integrated reflectance will be Getting worse. The silica fine particles may be either crystalline or amorphous, and monodisperse particles are preferred. The shape is most preferably a spherical diameter, but there is no problem even if the shape is indefinite.

  Further, two or more kinds of hollow silica having different particle average particle sizes can be used in combination. Here, the average particle diameter of the hollow silica can be determined from an electron micrograph.

The specific surface area of the hollow silica in the present invention is preferably from 20 to 300 m ² / g, more preferably 30~120m ² / g, most preferably 40~90m ² / g. The surface area can be obtained by the BET method using nitrogen.

  In the present invention, silica particles having no voids can be used in combination with hollow silica. The preferred particle size of silica without voids is 30 nm to 150 nm, more preferably 35 nm to 100 nm, and most preferably 40 nm to 80 nm.

[Preparation method of porous or hollow fine particles]
A preferred method for producing hollow fine particles is described below. The first step is the formation of core particles that can be removed by post-processing, the formation of a shell layer as the second step, the dissolution of the core particles as the third step, and the formation of an additional shell layer as the fourth step as necessary. Specifically, the hollow particles can be produced according to the method for producing hollow silica fine particles described in, for example, JP-A-2001-233611.

  A preferred method for producing porous particles is to produce porous core particles by controlling the degree of hydrolysis and condensation of alkoxide and the type and amount of coexisting substances as the first step, and a shell layer on the surface as the second step. It is a method of forming. Specifically, the production of porous particles can be performed by the methods described in JP-A Nos. 2003-327424, 2003-335515, 2003-226516, 2003-238140, and the like. it can.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to reduce the amount of adsorbed water of inorganic fine particles, which will be described later, and it can be controlled by changing the particle size, changing the shell thickness, hydrothermal treatment conditions, and the like. Also, the amount of adsorbed water can be reduced by firing the particles.

(Coated particles)
Increasing the shell thickness is preferable because the adsorption sites on the particle surface can be reduced and the amount of adsorbed water can be reduced. Furthermore, it is preferable to form a shell with a conductive component since conductivity can be imparted. Particularly preferred is a combination in which silica-based porous or hollow particles are used as the core particles, and ZnO ₂ , Y ₂ O ₃ , Sb ₂ O ₅ , ATO, ITO, SnO ₂ are used as the shell. Hereinafter, particularly preferred antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles will be described.

In the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles according to the present invention, porous silica-based fine particles or silica-based fine particles having cavities therein are coated with an antimony oxide coating layer. The porous silica-based fine particles include porous silica fine particles and composite oxide fine particles containing silica as a main component, and the surface of the porous inorganic oxide fine particles disclosed in JP-A-7-133105 is used. Low refractive index nanometer-sized composite oxide fine particles coated with silica or the like can be suitably used.
The silica-based fine particles having cavities therein are composed of inorganic oxides other than silica and silica, disclosed in JP-A-2001-233611, and low-refractive-index nanometer-sized silica-based particles having cavities inside. Fine particles can also be suitably used.

  Such porous silica-based fine particles or silica-based fine particles having cavities therein preferably have an average particle size in the range of 4 to 100 nm, more preferably 10 to 90 nm. If the average particle diameter is 4 nm or more, silica-based fine particles can be obtained without problems during production, and the obtained particles are also sufficiently stable, and can occur when small-sized particles are used. The problem that dispersed antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles cannot be obtained does not occur. If the average particle size is 100 nm or less, the average particle size of the obtained antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles can be suppressed to 120 nm or less, and when a transparent coating is formed using large-sized antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles. This is preferable because problems such as a possible decrease in transparency and an increase in haze can be suppressed.

  The refractive index of the porous silica-based fine particles or the silica-based fine particles having cavities therein is preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.40 or less, which is the refractive index of silica. In addition, although nonporous silica fine particles having a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.46 can be used alone, it is preferable to use silica-based fine particles that are porous or have cavities inside from the viewpoint of antireflection performance. preferable.

  The silica-based fine particles are preferably coated with antimony oxide having an average coating layer thickness of 0.5 to 30 nm, preferably 1 to 10 nm. If the average thickness of the coating layer is 0.5 nm or more, it is preferable because the silica-based fine particles can be completely coated, and the resulting antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles have sufficient conductivity. If the thickness of the coating layer is 30 nm or less, the effect of improving the conductivity can be sufficiently obtained, and problems such as insufficient refractive index when the average particle diameter of the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles is small can be suppressed.

  The antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles according to the present invention preferably have an average particle size in the range of 5 to 120 nm, more preferably 10 to 100 nm. When the average particle diameter of the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles is 5 nm or more, the fine particles can be obtained without problems during production, and aggregated particles in the obtained particles can be suppressed, which is preferable. In addition, there is a problem that transparency, haze, film strength, adhesion to the substrate, etc. may be insufficient when used for forming a transparent film due to insufficient dispersibility, which may occur with small particles. It is preferable. If the average particle diameter of the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles is 120 nm or less, the formed transparent film is preferable because the transparency is sufficient and the haze is kept low. Further, the adhesion with the base material does not become insufficient.

  The refractive index of the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles is preferably in the range of 1.25 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.50. A refractive index of 1.25 or more is preferred because the particles can be obtained without problems during production. Moreover, there is no shortage in the strength of the obtained particles. On the other hand, if the refractive index is 1.60 or less, the antireflection performance of the transparent coating is also sufficient, which is preferable.

The volume resistance value of the antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles is preferably in the range of 10 to 5000 Ω / cm, more preferably 10 to 2000 Ω / cm. If the volume resistance value is 10 Ω / cm or more, the particles can be obtained without problems during production, which is preferable. Moreover, the refractive index of the obtained particle | grain becomes 1.6 or less, and the anti-reflective performance of a transparent film is sufficient, and it is preferable. On the other hand, if the volume resistance value is 5000 Ω / cm or less, the antistatic performance of the obtained transparent film is sufficient, which is preferable.
The antimony oxide-coated silica-based fine particles of the present invention can be used after surface treatment with a silane coupling agent according to a conventional method, if necessary.

(Adsorption water amount of fine particles)
In the present invention, the particles that can be used in the low refractive index layer have an adsorbed water amount of 6.1% by mass or less in terms of dispersibility in the coating solution, hardness of the coating film, and antifouling property. preferable.

(Measurement of water adsorbed on pore-containing fine particles)
In the present invention, the amount of adsorbed water of the pore-containing fine particles can be determined by the following measuring method.
The particle powder was dried for 1 hour at 20 ° C. under a condition of about 1 hPa using a rotary pump. Thereafter, it was stored at 20 ° C. and 55% RH for 1 hour. Using “DTG-50” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, about 10 mg of the dried sample was weighed into a platinum cell, and the temperature was increased from 20 ° C. to 950 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min. The amount of adsorbed water was calculated as a percentage of mass decrease when the temperature was raised to 200 ° C.
Adsorbed water amount (%) = 100 × (W ₂₀ −W ₂₀₀ ) / W ₂₀₀
here,
W ₂₀ : initial mass at the start of heating,
W ₂₀₀ : Mass when the temperature is raised to 200 ° C.

  When the particles are a dispersion, the solvent can be distilled off with an evaporator (25 ° C., reduced pressure to 10 hPa), and the residue can be ground in an agate mortar to obtain a powder, and then measured in the above step.

  In the present invention, the amount of adsorbed water is preferably 6.1% by mass or less, more preferably 5.5% by mass or less, and most preferably 5.0% by mass or less. Especially for particles with pores on the surface or inside, the amount of adsorbed water is reduced by increasing the thickness and density of the shell on the particle surface, or by coating the surface with different components such as the above-mentioned antimony oxide-coated particles. Can be made. Moreover, reducing the amount of adsorbed water is effective in improving the scratch resistance after exposure to ozone.

  In the present invention, the pore-containing fine particles may have a size distribution, and the coefficient of variation thereof is preferably 60% to 5%, more preferably 50% to 10%. In addition, two or more kinds of particles having different average particle sizes can be mixed and used.

[Inorganic fine particle surface treatment method]
The method for treating the surface of the inorganic fine particles will be described by taking porous or hollow inorganic fine particles as an example. In order to improve the dispersibility in the binder for forming the low refractive index layer, the surface of the inorganic fine particles is treated with a hydrolyzate of organosilane represented by the following general formula (1) and / or a partial condensate thereof. It is preferable that either an acid catalyst or a metal chelate compound or both be used in the treatment.

(Organosilane compound)
The organosilane compound used in the present invention will be described in detail.
General formula (1):
_{^{(R 10) a1 -Si (X}} 11) 4-a1

In the general formula (1), R ¹⁰ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. Examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, i-propyl group, hexyl group, t-butyl group, s-butyl group, hexyl group, decyl group, hexadecyl group and the like. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, and a phenyl group is preferable.

X ¹¹ represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group. Examples of the hydrolyzable group include an alkoxy group (preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group), a halogen atom (for example, Cl, Br, I and the like), and R ^12. A group represented by COO (R ¹² is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as CH ₃ COO, C ₂ H ₅ COO, etc.), preferably an alkoxy group, Particularly preferred is a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.
a1 represents an integer of 1 to 3. 1 or 2 is preferable, and 1 is particularly preferable. When R ¹⁰ or the X ¹¹ there are a plurality, a plurality of R ¹⁰ or X ¹¹ may be different, respectively.

The substituent contained in R ¹⁰ is not particularly limited, but is a halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, etc.), hydroxyl group, mercapto group, carboxyl group, epoxy group, alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, i -Propyl group, propyl group, t-butyl group etc.), aryl group (phenyl group, naphthyl group etc.), aromatic heterocyclic group (furyl group, pyrazolyl group, pyridyl group etc.), alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group) I-propoxy group, hexyloxy group, etc.), aryloxy group (phenoxy group etc.), alkylthio group (methylthio group, ethylthio group etc.), arylthio group (phenylthio group etc.), alkenyl group (vinyl group, 1-propenyl group) Etc.), acyloxy group (acetoxy group, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, etc.), alkoxycarbonyl group Methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, etc.), aryloxycarbonyl group (phenoxycarbonyl group, etc.), carbamoyl group (carbamoyl group, N-methylcarbamoyl group, N, N-dimethylcarbamoyl group, N-methyl-N-octylcarbamoyl group) Etc.), acylamino groups (acetylamino group, benzoylamino group, acrylamino group, methacrylamino group, etc.) and the like, and these substituents may be further substituted. In the present specification, even if a hydrogen atom is replaced by a single atom, it is treated as a substituent for convenience.

When there are a plurality of R ^{10 s} , at least one of them is preferably a substituted alkyl group or a substituted aryl group. Among these, the substituted alkyl group or substituted aryl group preferably further has a vinyl polymerizable group. In this case, the compound represented by the general formula (1) is a vinyl polymer represented by the following general formula (1-2). It can be expressed as an organosilane compound having a functional substituent.
General formula (1-2):

In General Formula (1-2), R ¹¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a methoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, a fluorine atom, or a chlorine atom. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include a methoxycarbonyl group and an ethoxycarbonyl group. R ¹¹ is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a methoxy group, a methoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a methoxycarbonyl group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, And a methyl group are particularly preferred.

Y ¹¹ represents a single bond, an ester group, an amide group, an ether group or a urea group. Single bonds, ester groups and amide groups are preferred, single bonds and ester groups are more preferred, and ester groups are particularly preferred.

L ¹¹ is a divalent linking chain, specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, and a linking group (for example, an ether group, an ester group, an amide group) inside. A substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having a linking group therein, among which a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 6 An alkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms having a linking group therein and an unsubstituted alkylene group, an unsubstituted arylene group, and an alkylene group having an ether linking group or an ester linking group therein. An unsubstituted alkylene group and an alkylene group having an ether linking group or an ester linking group therein are particularly preferred. Examples of the substituent include a halogen, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an alkyl group, and an aryl group, and these substituents may be further substituted.

a2 represents 0 or 1. When X ¹¹ there are a plurality, it may be different even multiple X ¹¹ is the same, respectively. a2 is preferably 0.

R ¹⁰ has the same meaning as R ^{10 in} formula (1), preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or an unsubstituted aryl group, and more preferably an unsubstituted alkyl group or an unsubstituted aryl group. X ^{11 is} also synonymous with X ^{11 in the} general formula (1), preferably a halogen, a hydroxyl group or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, more preferably a chlorine, a hydroxyl group or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group or a carbon atom. A C 1-3 alkoxy group is more preferable, and a methoxy group is particularly preferable.

As the organosilane compound used in the present invention, those represented by the following general formula (2) are also preferred.
Formula ^{_{(2) :( R f -L 21}} ) b1 -Si (X 21) b1-4

In the general formula (2), R _f represents a linear, branched or cyclic fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a fluorinated aromatic group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. R _f is preferably a linear, branched, or cyclic fluoroalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably a linear fluoroalkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms. L ²¹ represents a divalent linking group having 10 or less carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The alkylene group is a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group that may have a linking group (for example, ether, ester, amide) inside. The alkylene group may have a substituent, and preferable substituents in that case include a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an alkyl group, and an aryl group. X ²¹ has the same meaning as X ^{11 in} formula (1), preferably a halogen, a hydroxyl group, or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, more preferably a chlorine, a hydroxyl group, or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, An alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a methoxy group is particularly preferable.
b1 is synonymous with a1 of the said General formula (1), and represents the integer of 1-3. 1 or 2 is preferable, and 1 is particularly preferable.

Next, among the fluorine-containing silane coupling agents represented by the general formula (2), a fluorine-containing silane coupling agent represented by the following general formula (2-1) is preferable.
Formula _{(2-1): C n F 2n} + 1 - (CH 2) m -Si (X 22) 3
In the general formula (2-1), n represents an integer of 1 to 10, and m represents an integer of 1 to 5. n is preferably 4 to 10, m is preferably 1 to 3, and X ²² represents a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a chlorine atom.

  Two or more compounds represented by general formula (1), general formula (1-2), general formula (2), and general formula (2-1) may be used in combination.

  Specific examples of the compounds represented by general formula (1), general formula (1-2), general formula (2), and general formula (2-1) are shown below, but the present invention is limited to these. It is not a thing.

  Among the specific compounds (M-1) to (M-88), (M-1), (M-2), (M-30), (M-35), (M-49), (M-51), (M-56) and (M-57) are preferred. Further, the compounds of A, B and C described in Reference Examples of Japanese Patent No. 3474330 are also preferable because of excellent dispersion stability.

  Disiloxane compounds can also be used as surface treating agents, such as hexamethyldisiloxane, 1,3-dibutyltetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3-diphenyltetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3-divinyltetra. Examples thereof include methyldisiloxane, hexaethyldisiloxane, and 3-glycidoxypropylpentamethyldisiloxane.

  In the present invention, the amount of the organosilane compound represented by the general formula (1), general formula (1-2), general formula (2), and general formula (2-1) is not particularly limited. The amount is preferably 1 to 300% by mass per inorganic fine particle, more preferably 3 to 100% by mass, and most preferably 5 to 50% by mass. It is preferably 1 to 300 mol%, more preferably 5 to 300 mol%, most preferably 10 to 200 mol% per hydroxyl group on the surface of the inorganic fine particles. When the amount of the organosilane compound used is in the above range, a sufficient stabilizing effect of the dispersion can be obtained, and the film strength is also increased during coating film formation. In the present invention, it is also preferable to use a plurality of types of organosilane compounds in combination, and a plurality of types of compounds can be added simultaneously, or the addition time can be shifted for reaction. Also, it is preferable to add a plurality of types of compounds after making them into partial condensates in advance because the reaction control is easy.

[Improved dispersibility of inorganic fine particles]
In the present invention, the dispersibility of the inorganic fine particles can be improved by allowing the hydrolyzate and / or partial condensate thereof described above to act on the surface of the inorganic fine particles. The hydrolysis / condensation reaction of the organosilane compound is 0.3 to 2.0 mol, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mol, relative to 1 mol of the hydrolyzable group (X ¹¹ , X ²¹ and X ²² ). It is preferable to carry out by stirring at 15-100 degreeC in the presence of the acid catalyst used for this invention, or the metal chelate compound.

[Catalyst for Dispersibility Improvement Treatment]
The treatment for improving the dispersibility by the hydrolyzate of organosilane and / or the condensation reaction product is preferably performed in the presence of a catalyst. Catalysts include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid; organic acids such as oxalic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, methanesulfonic acid and toluenesulfonic acid; inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia; triethylamine, Examples include organic bases such as pyridine; metal alkoxides such as triisopropoxyaluminum and tetrabutoxyzirconium. From the viewpoint of production stability and storage stability of the inorganic oxide fine particle liquid, an acid catalyst is used in the present invention. (Inorganic acids, organic acids) and / or metal chelate compounds are used. Among inorganic acids, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and organic acids preferably have an acid dissociation constant in water (pKa value (25 ° C.)) of 4.5 or less, and an acid dissociation constant in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or water of 3.0 or less. More preferred is an organic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, an organic acid having an acid dissociation constant of 2.5 or less in water is more preferred, an organic acid having an acid dissociation constant in water of 2.5 or less is more preferred, and methanesulfonic acid Further, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, and malonic acid are more preferable, and oxalic acid is particularly preferable.

  When the hydrolyzable group of the organosilane is an alkoxy group and the acid catalyst is an organic acid, the amount of water added can be reduced because the carboxyl group or sulfo group of the organic acid supplies protons. The amount of water added to 1 mol of the alkoxide group of the organosilane is 0 to 2 mol, preferably 0 to 1.5 mol, more preferably 0 to 1 mol, and particularly preferably 0 to 0.5 mol. Moreover, when alcohol is used for the solvent, an embodiment in which water is not substantially added is also suitable.

(Metal chelate compound)
In the present invention, the metal chelate compound used for the improvement treatment of the dispersibility by the hydrolyzate and / or condensation reaction product of organosilane is an alcohol represented by the following general formula (3-1) and the following general formula (3-2). And at least one metal chelate compound having a metal selected from Zr, Ti, or Al as a central metal. As long as the metal chelate compound has a metal selected from Zr, Ti or Al as the central metal, it can be suitably used without any particular limitation. Within this category, two or more metal chelate compounds may be used in combination.
Formula (3-1): R ³¹ OH
Formula (3-2): R ³² COCH ₂ COR ³³
(In the formula, R ³¹ and R ³² may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R ³³ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Show.)

  Specific examples of the metal chelate compound suitably used in the present invention include tri-n-butoxyethyl acetoacetate zirconium, di-n-butoxybis (ethyl acetoacetate) zirconium, n-butoxy tris (ethyl acetoacetate) zirconium, tetrakis Zirconium chelate compounds such as (n-propylacetoacetate) zirconium, tetrakis (acetylacetoacetate) zirconium, tetrakis (ethylacetoacetate) zirconium; diisopropoxy bis (ethylacetoacetate) titanium, diisopropoxy bis (acetylacetate) ) Titanium chelate compounds such as titanium, diisopropoxy bis (acetylacetone) titanium; diisopropoxyethyl acetoacetate aluminum , Diisopropoxyacetylacetonate aluminum, isopropoxybis (ethylacetoacetate) aluminum, isopropoxybis (acetylacetonate) aluminum, tris (ethylacetoacetate) aluminum, tris (acetylacetonate) aluminum, monoacetylacetonate -Aluminum chelate compounds, such as bis (ethyl acetoacetate) aluminum, etc. are mentioned.

  Among these metal chelate compounds, tri-n-butoxyethyl acetoacetate zirconium, diisopropoxy bis (acetylacetonate) titanium, diisopropoxyethyl acetoacetate aluminum, and tris (ethyl acetoacetate) aluminum are preferable. . These metal chelate compounds can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types. Moreover, the partial hydrolyzate of these metal chelate compounds can also be used. The amount of these metal chelate compounds is preferably 0.1 to 10.0% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5.0% by mass, and most preferably 1.0 to 3.0% with respect to the organosilane compound. % By mass.

[Dispersant]
In the present invention, a dispersant may be used to prepare inorganic fine particles by dispersing them from a powder in a solvent. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a dispersant having an anionic group.

  As the anionic group, a group having an acidic proton such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group (sulfo), a phosphoric acid group (phosphono), a sulfonamide group, or a salt thereof is effective, and in particular, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, A phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof is preferable, and a carboxyl group or a phosphoric acid group is particularly preferable. A plurality of anionic groups may be contained for the purpose of further improving dispersibility. The average number is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, and particularly preferably 10 or more. Moreover, the anionic group contained in a dispersing agent may contain multiple types in 1 molecule.

The dispersant may further contain a crosslinking or polymerizable functional group. Examples of the crosslinkable or polymerizable functional group include an ethylenically unsaturated group {for example, (meth) acryloyl group, allyl group, styryl group, vinyloxy group, etc.} capable of addition reaction / polymerization reaction by radical species, cationic polymerizable group ( Epoxy group, oxatanyl group, vinyloxy group, etc.), polycondensation reactive groups (hydrolyzable silyl group, etc., N-methylol group), etc., and the like, preferably a functional group having an ethylenically unsaturated group.
The amount of these dispersants to be used is preferably 0.5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 1 to 20% by mass, and most preferably 2 to 15% by mass with respect to the inorganic fine particles. Within this range, improvement in dispersibility is recognized, and there are no adverse effects such as a decrease in coating film strength.

1- (3) Compound containing a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond in one molecule [constituent component (D) of low refractive index layer of the invention]
A compound represented by (D) will be described which contains a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond in one molecule. In the present invention, a compound containing a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond in one molecule is included for the purpose of improving the coating strength of the low refractive index layer and improving the compatibility between the fine particles used and the fluorine-containing compound. It is preferable to do. Preferable examples include a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group, a compound having a cationic polymerizable group, and a compound that forms a chemical bond with a hydroxyl group.

(Compound (C) having (meth) acryloyl group)
The compound (C) having a (meth) acryloyl group is preferably used in combination with the fluoropolymer of the present invention. It is particularly preferable to use a monomer having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule. Increasing the fluorine content of the polymer in order to lower the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is a direction to lower the density of cross-linking groups in the film, which lowers the strength of the film and deteriorates the scratch resistance. In addition, when a polymer with a high fluorine content and silica-based particles containing vacancies inside are used in combination with a low refractive index layer in order to reduce the refractive index, the surface energy difference between the two is greatly different. The nature is low. When a coating solution containing a solvent is applied and dried to form a low refractive index layer, the surface of the particles cannot be covered with the fluoropolymer, and the strength of the cured coating film tends to decrease. This phenomenon becomes prominent as the fluorine content of the fluoropolymer increases and the particle content in the layer increases. In particular, the curing of the film surface layer that is susceptible to polymerization inhibition by oxygen during curing tends to be weaker. As a result, the silicone compound on the surface layer of the film that exhibits antifouling properties cannot be immobilized, resulting in deterioration of the antifouling properties. In the present invention, by using a small amount of the compound (C) having the (meth) acryloyl group, it is possible to improve the affinity between the particles and the fluoropolymer, increase the strength of the film, and improve the scratch resistance. It is speculated that the antifouling property can be improved.
Specific examples of the monomer having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups include (meth) alkylene glycols such as neopentyl glycol acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol (meth) acrylate, and propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate. Acrylic acid diesters;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyoxyalkylene glycols such as triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide adducts such as 2,2-bis {4- (acryloxy · diethoxy) phenyl} propane and 2-bis {4- (acryloxy · polypropoxy) phenyl} propane ;
Etc.

  Furthermore, epoxy (meth) acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, and polyester (meth) acrylates are also preferably used as the photopolymerizable polyfunctional monomer.

  Among these, esters of polyhydric alcohol and (meth) acrylic acid are preferable. More preferably, a polyfunctional monomer having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule is preferable. For example, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, EO modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, PO modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, EO Modified tri (meth) acrylate phosphate, trimethylolethane tri (meth) acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa ( (Meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, 1,2,3-chlorohexane tetramethacrylate, polyurethane polyacrylate Over DOO, polyester polyacrylate and caprolactone-modified tris (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate.

Specific compounds of polyfunctional acrylate compounds having a (meth) acryloyl group include KAYARAD DPHA, DPHA-2C, PET-30, TMPTA, TPA-320, and TPA- manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. 330, RP-1040, T-1420, D-310, DPCA-20, DPCA-30, DPCA-60, GPO-303, Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. V # 3PA, V Examples include esterified products of polyols such as # 400, V # 36095D, V # 1000, V # 1080, and (meth) acrylic acid. Also, purple light UV-1400B, UV-1700B, UV-6300B, UV-7550B, UV-7600B, UV-7605B, UV-7610B, UV-7620EA, UV-7630B, UV-7630B, UV-7640B. UV-6630B, UV-7000B, UV-7510B, UV-7461TE, UV-3000B, UV-3200B, UV-3210EA, UV-3210EA, UV-3310EA, UV-3310B, UV-3500BA , UV-3520TL, UV-3700B, UV-6100B, UV-6640B, UV-2000B, UV-2010B, UV-2250EA, UV-2750B (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.), UL-503LN (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Unidic 17-80 17-813, V-4030, V-4000BA (Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.), EB-1290K, EB-220, EB-5129, EB-1830, EB-4858 (Daicel UCB ( Ltd.), High Corp AU-2010, AU-2020 (produced by Tokushi Co., Ltd.), Aronix M-1960 (produced by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), Art Resin UN-3320HA, UN-3320HC, UN-3320HS, UN -904, a trifunctional or higher urethane acrylate compound such as HDP-4T, 3 such as Aronix M-8100, M-8030, M-9050 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., KRM-8307 (manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd.)) A functional or higher polyester compound can also be suitably used.

  Furthermore, resins having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups, such as relatively low molecular weight polyester resins, polyether resins, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, alkyd resins, spiroacetal resins, polybutadiene resins, polythiol polyene resins And oligomers or prepolymers such as polyfunctional compounds such as polyhydric alcohols.

  As the monomer binder, for example, dendrimers described in JP-A-2005-76005 and JP-A-2005-36105, and norbornene ring-containing monomers as described in JP-A-2005-60425 can be used.

  Two or more polyfunctional monomers may be used in combination.

  The addition amount of the compound (C) having the (meth) acryloyl group is preferably added in the range of 0.1 to 50% by mass with respect to the solid content forming the film, and in the case of 1 to 30% by mass. Is more preferable, and the case of 3-20 mass% is especially preferable. By using the amount within this range, the hardness of the low refractive index layer itself can be increased, the antifouling agent can be fixed on the surface layer of the low refractive index layer, and the adhesion between the adjacent layers can be improved.

(Compound having a cationic polymerizable group)
Examples of the cationic polymerizable group include an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, an oxazolyl group, and a vinyloxy group, preferably a ring-opening polymerizable group, more preferably an epoxy group or an oxetanyl group, particularly preferably an epoxy. It is a group. These groups may have a substituent at a possible position.

  A plurality of these cationic polymerizable groups are preferably introduced per molecule of the curing agent, more preferably 2 to 20 are introduced per molecule, and particularly preferably 3 to 10 are introduced. It has been introduced.

  Examples of the compound suitably used in the present invention include commercially available products such as Denacol EX 314, 411, 421, 521, 611, 612, and the like (manufactured by Nagase Chemical Industries, Ltd.), Celoxide, GT301. 401, etc. (above manufactured by Daicel Industries, Ltd.). In addition, the curing agent useful in the present invention is exemplified below.

  The addition amount of the compound having a cationic polymerizable group is preferably added in the range of 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the solid content forming the film, The case of 3-20 mass% is especially preferable.

(Compound that forms a chemical bond with a hydroxyl group)
The low refractive index layer in the present invention uses a curable composition containing a fluorine-containing polymer containing a hydroxyl group and a compound (curing agent) capable of reacting with the hydroxyl group in the fluorine-containing polymer, so-called curable resin composition. Preferably it is formed. The curing agent preferably has two or more sites that react with a hydroxyl group, and more preferably has four or more sites.

  The structure of the curing agent is not particularly limited as long as it has the above number of functional groups capable of reacting with hydroxyl groups. For example, polyisocyanates, partial condensates of isocyanate compounds, multimers, polyhydric alcohols, low molecular weight polyester films And the like, block polyisocyanate compounds in which isocyanate groups are blocked with a blocking agent such as phenol, aminoplasts, polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof.

  In the present invention, aminoplasts that undergo a crosslinking reaction with a hydroxyl group-containing compound under acidic conditions are preferred from the viewpoints of both the stability during storage and the activity of the crosslinking reaction and the strength of the formed film. Aminoplasts contain an amino group capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group present in the fluorine-containing polymer, that is, a hydroxyalkylamino group or an alkoxyalkylamino group, or a carbon atom adjacent to a nitrogen atom and substituted with an alkoxy group. A compound. Specific examples include melamine compounds, urea compounds, benzoguanamine compounds, and the like.

  The melamine compounds are generally known as compounds having a skeleton in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a triazine ring, and specific examples include melamine, alkylated melamine, methylol melamine, and alkoxylated methyl melamine. . In particular, methylolated melamine and alkoxylated methyl melamine obtained by reacting melamine and formaldehyde under basic conditions and derivatives thereof are preferable, and alkoxylated methyl melamine is particularly preferable in view of storage stability. There are no particular restrictions on methylolated melamine and alkoxylated methylmelamine. For example, use of various resins obtained by the method described in “Plastic Materials Course [8] Urea Melamine Resin” (Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun) Is also possible.

  As the urea compound, in addition to urea, an alkoxylated methylurea which is a polymethylolated urea derivative thereof, and a compound having a glycoluril skeleton or a 2-imidazolidinone skeleton having a cyclic urea structure are also preferable. As for the amino compounds such as the urea derivatives, various resins described in the above-mentioned “Yurea / Melamine resin” can be used.

  As the compound suitably used as the crosslinking agent in the present invention, a melamine compound or a glycoluril compound is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility with the fluorine-containing copolymer, and among these, from the viewpoint of reactivity, the crosslinking agent is in the molecule. The compound preferably contains a nitrogen atom and contains two or more carbon atoms substituted with an alkoxy group adjacent to the nitrogen atom. Particularly preferred compounds are compounds having structures represented by the following H-1 and H-2, and partial condensates thereof. In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group.

  As addition amount of aminoplast with respect to a fluorine-containing polymer, it is 1-50 mass parts per 100 mass parts of copolymers, Preferably it is 3-40 mass parts, More preferably, it is 5-30 mass parts. If it is 1 part by mass or more, the durability as a thin film that is a feature of the present invention can be sufficiently exhibited, and if it is 50 parts by mass or less, the low refractive index layer in the present invention when used for optical applications. This is preferable because the low refractive index, which is a characteristic of the above, can be maintained. From the viewpoint of keeping the refractive index low even when a curing agent is added, a curing agent that has a small increase in refractive index even when added is preferable, and from this viewpoint, the above compound has a skeleton represented by H-2. Compounds are more preferred.

  In the present invention, the hydroxyl group-containing polymer and the polyfunctional reactive compound may be partially bonded in advance before forming the coating composition. Particularly, it is effective when the fluorine content is high as in the present invention, and the hardness of the coating film is increased and the dispersion stability of the fine particles used in combination is improved.

(Amount of compound containing multiple functional groups capable of forming chemical bonds in one molecule)
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the molecular weight of the said compound, Preferably it is 200-10000, More preferably, it is 200-3000, Especially preferably, it is the range of 400-1500. If the molecular weight is too small, volatilization in the film forming process becomes a problem, and if it is too large, the compatibility with the fluorine-containing polymer is deteriorated.

1- (4) Organosilane Compound [Constituent Component (C) of Low Refractive Index Layer of the Present Invention]
The film of the present invention contains an organosilane compound, a hydrolyzate of the organosilane compound and / or a partial condensate thereof (hereinafter, the obtained reaction solution is also referred to as “sol component”), It is preferable in terms of scratch resistance.
These compounds function as a binder by applying the curable composition and then condensing in a drying and heating process to form a cured product. Moreover, when it has a polyfunctional acrylate polymer, the binder which has a three-dimensional structure is formed by irradiation of actinic light.

  As specific compound examples, the above-described inorganic fine particle organosilane compounds (M-1) to (M-88) can be used. Of these, (M-1), (M-2), (M-30) and (M-35) are preferred.

The amount of the organosilane compound or its hydrolyzate and / or its partial condensate is preferably from 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 0.5 to 30% by mass, based on the total solid content of the low refractive index layer. Preferably, 1-20 mass% is the most preferable.
The organosilane compound may be added directly to the curable composition (coating liquid for antiglare layer, low refractive index layer, etc.), but the organosilane compound is treated in the presence of a catalyst in advance to prepare the organosilane compound. It is preferable to prepare a hydrolyzate and / or partial condensate of a silane compound and prepare the curable composition using the obtained reaction solution (sol solution). In the present invention, first, the organosilane compound A composition containing a hydrolyzate and / or a partial condensate and a metal chelate compound is prepared, and a liquid obtained by adding a β-diketone compound and / or a β-ketoester compound thereto is added to at least an antiglare layer or a low refractive index layer. It is preferable to coat it in a single layer coating solution.

1- (5) Polymerization Initiator [Constituent Component (E) of Low Refractive Index Layer of the Present Invention]
The polymerization initiator effective for curing the low refractive index layer of the present invention will be described. When the constituent component of the low refractive index layer is a radical polymerizable compound, the polymerization of these compounds can be carried out by irradiation with ionizing radiation or heating in the presence of a photo radical initiator or a thermal radical initiator.

(Photo radical initiator)
As radical photopolymerization initiators, acetophenones, benzoins, benzophenones, phosphine oxides, ketals, anthraquinones, thioxanthones, azo compounds, peroxides, 2,3-dialkyldione compounds, disulfide compounds , Fluoroamine compounds, aromatic sulfoniums, lophine dimers, onium salts, borate salts, active esters, active halogens, inorganic complexes, coumarins and the like.

  Examples of acetophenones include 2,2-dimethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, p-dimethylacetophenone, 1-hydroxy-dimethylphenylketone, 1-hydroxy-dimethyl-p-isopropylphenylketone, 1-hydroxy Cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-4-methylthio-2-morpholinopropiophenone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone, 4-phenoxydichloroacetophenone, 4-t-butyl -Dichloroacetophenone and the like are included.

  Examples of benzoins include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzyl dimethyl ketal, benzoin benzene sulfonate, benzoin toluene sulfonate, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether and benzoin isopropyl ether. included.

  Examples of benzophenones include benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 2,4-dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4-dichlorobenzophenone and p-chlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dimethylaminobenzophenone (Michler ketone), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-tetra (t-butylperoxycarbonyl) benzophenone and the like are included.

  Examples of phosphine oxides include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide. Examples of the active esters include 1,2-octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (O-benzoyloxime)], sulfonic acid esters, cyclic active ester compounds, and the like. Specifically, compounds described in Examples in JP-A No. 2000-80068 are particularly preferable.

  Examples of the onium salts include aromatic diazonium salts, aromatic iodonium salts, and aromatic sulfonium salts. Examples of borate salts include ion complexes with cationic dyes.

  Specific examples of the active halogens include Wakabayashi et al., “Bull Chem. Soc Japan”, 42, 2924 (1969), US Pat. No. 3,905,815, JP-A-5-27830, M.M. P. Examples include compounds described in Hutt “Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry”, Vol. 1 (No. 3), (1970), and in particular, oxazole compounds substituted with a trihalomethyl group: s-triazine compounds. More preferred are s-triazine derivatives in which at least one mono-, di- or trihalogen-substituted methyl group is bonded to the s-triazine ring. Specific examples include S-triazine and oxathiazole compounds, such as 2- (p-methoxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- (p-styrylphenyl). -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- (3-Br-4-di (ethyl acetate) aminophenyl) -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, 2- Trihalomethyl-5- (p-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole is included. Specifically, p.14 to p30 in JP-A-58-15503, p6-p10 in JP-A-55-77742, and p287 in JP-B-60-27673. 1-No. 8, No. pp. 443 to p444 of JP-A-60-239736. 1-No. 17, No. 4,701,399. Compounds such as 1-19 are particularly preferred.

  Specific examples of the active halogens are as follows.

Examples of inorganic complexes include bis (η ⁵ -2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl) -bis [2,6-difluoro-3- (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) -phenyl] titanium. . Examples of coumarins include 3-ketocoumarin.
These initiators may be used alone or in combination.

In the present invention, an oligomer type polymerization initiator is preferred as the compound having a high molecular weight and hardly volatilizing from the coating film. The oligomer type radiation polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it has a site that generates a photo radical upon irradiation. In order to prevent volatilization due to heat treatment, the molecular weight of the polymerization initiator is preferably 250 or more and 10,000 or less, more preferably 280 or more and 10,000 or less. More preferably, the mass average molecular weight is 400 to 10,000. A mass average molecular weight of 400 or more is preferable because of low volatility, and 10,000 or less is preferable because hardness of the resulting cured coating film is sufficient. Specific examples of the oligomer type radiation polymerization initiator include oligo [2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- {4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl} propanone] represented by the following general formula (5). .
General formula (5):

In the general formula (5), R ⁵¹ represents a monovalent group, preferably a monovalent organic group, and q represents an integer of 2 to 45.

  As a commercially available product of the oligo [2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- {4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl} propanone] represented by the general formula (5), trade name “Ezacure KIP150” manufactured by Fratelli Lamberti (CAS-No. 163702-01-0, q = 4-6), “Ezacure KIP65LT” (a mixture of “Ezacure KIP150” and tripropylene glycol diacrylate), “Ezacure KIP100F” (“Ezacure KIP150” and 2- Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one), “Ezacure KT37”, “Ezacure KT55” (above, “Ezacure KIP150” and a mixture of methylbenzophenone derivatives), “Ezacure KTO46” (“Ezacure KIP150”) ”Methylbenzofu Non-derivative and a mixture of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide), “Ezacure KIP75 / B” (a mixture of “Ezacure KIP150” and 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one), etc. Can be mentioned.

  “Latest UV Curing Technology” {Technical Information Association, Inc.} (1991), p. 159 and “UV Curing System” written by Kiyotsugu Kato (published by the General Technology Center in 1989), pages 65-148, are also useful in the present invention.

  Commercially available photocleavable photoradical polymerization initiators include “Irgacure 651”, “Irgacure 184”, “Irgacure 819”, “Irgacure 907”, “Irgacure 1870” (CGI) manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd. -403 / Irg184 = 7/3 mixed initiator), “Irgacure 500”, “Irgacure 369”, “Irgacure 1173”, “Irgacure 2959”, “Irgacure 4265”, “Irgacure 4263”, “OXE01”, etc .; “Kaya Cure DETX-S”, “Kaya Cure BP-100”, “Kaya Cure BDK”, “Kaya Cure CTX”, “Kaya Cure BMS”, “Kaya Cure 2-EAQ”, “Kaya Cure ABQ”, “Kaya Cure CPTX” manufactured by Yakuhin Co., Ltd. ”,“ Kaya "Sure EPD", "Kayacure ITX", "Kayacure QTX", "Kayacure BTC", "Kayacure MCA", etc .; Etc., and combinations thereof are preferred examples.

  It is preferable to use a photoinitiator in the range of 0.1-15 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of binders, More preferably, it is the range of 1-10 mass parts.

  In addition to the photopolymerization initiator, a photosensitizer may be used. Specific examples of the photosensitizer include n-butylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylphosphine, Michler's ketone and thioxanthone. Further, one or more auxiliary agents such as an azide compound, a thiourea compound, and a mercapto compound may be used in combination.

  Examples of commercially available photosensitizers include “Kaya Cure (DMBI, EPA)” manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.

(Thermal radical initiator)
As the thermal radical initiator, organic or inorganic peroxides, organic azo, diazo compounds, and the like can be used.

Specifically, benzoyl peroxide, halogen benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, dibutyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, butyl hydroperoxide as organic peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, peroxides as inorganic peroxides. Diazo compounds such as 2,2′-azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (propionitrile), 1,1′-azobis (cyclohexanecarbonitrile) as azo compounds such as ammonium sulfate and potassium persulfate And diazoaminobenzene, p-nitrobenzenediazonium and the like.
The thermal radical initiator is preferably used in the range of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder.

(Cationic polymerization initiator)
Examples of cationic polymerization initiators include proton acids such as toluenesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid, quaternary ammonium salts such as triethylbenzylammonium chloride and tetramethylammonium chloride, benzyldimethylamine, tributylamine, and tris (dimethylamino) methylphenol. A compound capable of generating a protonic acid by being decomposed by heating, such as a tertiary amine, an imidazole compound such as 2-methyl-4-ethylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, toluenesulfonic acid cyclohexyl ester, toluenesulfonic acid isopropyl ester, Or the various compounds which generate | occur | produce an acid catalyst by the effect | action of the light described below can be mentioned. In the present invention, a compound that generates an acid by the action of light is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of the pot life of the film-forming composition.

Various examples of compounds that generate an acid by the action of light are described in, for example, “Organic Materials for Imaging” p187-198, JP-A-10-282644, edited by the Society for Organic Electronics Materials (Bunshin Publishing). These known compounds can be used. Specifically, RSO ₃ ⁻ (R represents an alkyl group or aryl group), AsF ₆ ⁻ , SbF ₆ ⁻ , PF ₆ ⁻ , BF ₄ ^{− and the} like, a diazonium salt, an ammonium salt, a phosphonium salt having a counter ion, Various onium salts such as iodonium salts, sulfonium salts, selenonium salts, arsonium salts, organic halides such as oxadiazole derivatives and S-triazine derivatives substituted with a trihalomethyl group, o-nitrobenzyl esters of organic acids, benzoin esters, Examples thereof include iminoesters and disulfone compounds, preferably onium salts, particularly preferably sulfonium salts and iodonium salts.
A sensitizing dye can also be preferably used in combination with a compound that generates an acid by the action of light.

  The addition amount of the compound that initiates cationic polymerization by the action of heat or light is generally 0.1 to 15% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the low refractive index layer forming composition, like the radical initiator. More preferably, it is 0.5-10 mass%, Most preferably, it is 2-5 mass%.

1- (6) Curing catalyst The reaction of the hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-containing compound and the curing agent preferably contains the following curing catalyst. In this system, since curing is accelerated by acid, it is desirable to add an acidic substance to the curable resin composition. However, when a normal acid is added, the crosslinking reaction proceeds in the coating solution, and failure (unevenness, Cause repellency. Therefore, in order to achieve both storage stability and curing activity in a thermosetting system, it is more preferable to add a compound that generates an acid by heating as a curing catalyst.

  The curing catalyst is preferably a salt composed of an acid and an organic base. Examples of the acid include organic acids such as sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, and carboxylic acid, and inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. From the viewpoint of compatibility with the polymer, organic acids are more preferable, and sulfonic acid and phosphonic acid are more preferable. Sulphonic acid is most preferred. Preferred sulfonic acids include p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTS), benzenesulfonic acid (BS), p-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBS), p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid (CBS), 1,4-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (NDS). ), Methanesulfonic acid (MsOH), nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonic acid (NFBS), etc., and any of them can be preferably used (the abbreviations in parentheses).

  The curing catalyst varies greatly depending on the basicity and boiling point of the organic base combined with the acid. The curing catalyst preferably used in the present invention is described below from each viewpoint.

  The lower the basicity of the organic base, the higher the acid generation efficiency during heating, which is preferable from the viewpoint of curing activity. However, if the basicity is too low, the storage stability becomes insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to use an organic base having an appropriate basicity. When expressed using pKa of a conjugate acid as a basic index, the pKa of the organic base used in the present invention needs to be 5.0 to 10.5, and more preferably 6.0 to 10.0. 6.5 to 10.0 is more preferable. The value of pKa of organic base in aqueous solution is described in Chemical Handbook Fundamentals (5th revised edition, edited by The Chemical Society of Japan, Maruzen, 2004) Volume II, pages II-334 to 340. An organic base having an appropriate pKa can be selected. Further, a compound having an appropriate pKa in terms of structure can be preferably used even if not described in this document. Although the compound which has suitable pKa described in this literature in the following table | surface is shown, the compound which can be preferably used for this invention is not limited to these.

  The lower the boiling point of the organic base, the higher the acid generation efficiency during heating, which is preferable from the viewpoint of curing activity. Therefore, it is preferable to use an organic base having an appropriate boiling point. The boiling point of the base is preferably 120 ° C. or lower, more preferably 80 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 70 ° C. or lower.

Examples of the organic base that can be preferably used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following compounds. Figures in parentheses indicate boiling points.
b-3: pyridine (115 ° C.),
b-14: 4-methylmorpholine (115 ° C.),
b-20: diallylmethylamine (111 ° C.),
b-19: triethylamine (88.8 ° C.),
b-21: t-butylmethylamine (67-69 ° C.),
b-22: dimethylisopropylamine (66 ° C.),
b-23: diethylmethylamine (63-65 ° C),
b-24: dimethylethylamine (36-38 ° C),
b-18: Trimethylamine (3-5 ° C).
The boiling point of the organic base of the present invention is 35 ° C. or higher and 85 ° C. or lower. If the temperature is higher than this, the scratch resistance deteriorates, and if it is lower than 35 ° C., the coating solution becomes unstable. The boiling point is more preferably 45 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 55 ° C. or higher and 75 ° C. or lower.

  When used as the acid catalyst of the present invention, a salt composed of the acid and the organic base may be isolated and used, or the acid and the organic base may be mixed to form a salt in the solution, and the solution may be used. . Further, only one kind of acid or organic base may be used, or a plurality of kinds may be mixed and used. When the acid and the organic base are mixed and used, it is preferable that the equivalent ratio of the acid and the organic base is 1: 0.9 to 1.5, preferably 1: 0.95 to 1.3. Is more preferable, and 1: 1.0 to 1.1 is particularly preferable.

  The use ratio of the acid catalyst is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 100 parts by mass of the fluoropolymer in the curable resin composition. 0.2 to 3 parts by mass.

<Photosensitive acid generator, photoacid generator>
In the present invention, in addition to the thermal acid generator described above, a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with light, that is, a photosensitive acid generator may be further added. The photoacid generator that can be used in the present invention is described in detail below.
Examples of the acid generator include a photoinitiator for photocationic polymerization, a photodecolorant for dyes, a photochromic agent, a known acid generator used in a microresist, and the like, a known compound, and a mixture thereof. Is mentioned. The photosensitive acid generator is a substance that imparts photosensitivity to the coating film of the curable resin composition and enables the coating film to be photocured by, for example, irradiation with radiation such as light. Examples of the photosensitive acid generator include (1) various onium salts such as iodonium salt, sulfonium salt, phosphonium salt, diazonium salt, ammonium salt, iminium salt, arsonium salt, selenonium salt, pyridinium salt; (2) β Sulfone compounds such as ketoesters and β-sulfonylsulfones and their α-diazo compounds; (3) sulfonic acid esters such as alkylsulfonic acid esters, haloalkylsulfonic acid esters, arylsulfonic acid esters and iminosulfonates; and (4) sulfones. Imide compounds; (5) Diazomethane compounds; and the like, and can be used as appropriate. Of these, diazonium salts, iodonium salts, sulfonium salts, and iminium salts are preferable from the viewpoint of photosensitivity at the start of photopolymerization, material stability of the compound, and the like. Examples thereof include compounds described in paragraph numbers [0058] to [0059] of JP-A-2002-29162.

  The photosensitive acid generator can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and can also be used in combination with the thermal acid generator. The use ratio of the photosensitive acid generator is preferably 0 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluoropolymer in the curable resin composition. If the ratio of the photosensitive acid generator is less than or equal to the upper limit, it is preferable because the resulting cured film has excellent strength and good transparency.

The photosensitive acid generator can be used in layers other than the above-described low refractive index layer, for example, a hard coat layer, and the use ratio thereof is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable resin composition. Part by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass.
In addition, as specific compounds and usage, for example, the contents described in JP-A-2005-43876 can be used.

1- (7) Physical Properties of Low Refractive Index Layer The refractive index of the low refractive index layer of the present invention is preferably 1.20 to 1.35, more preferably 1.25 to 1.35, and most preferably 1. .26 to 1.30. In this refractive index range, both low reflection and scratch resistance can be achieved.
The thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 50 to 200 nm, and more preferably 70 to 110 nm. The haze of the low refractive index layer is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 2% or less, and most preferably 1% or less. The specific strength of the low refractive index layer is preferably H or higher, more preferably 2H or higher, and most preferably 3H or higher in a pencil hardness test under a 500 g load.
Further, in order to improve the antifouling performance of the optical film, it is preferable that the contact angle of water on the surface is 90 degrees or more. More preferably, it is 95 degrees or more, and particularly preferably 100 degrees or more.

1- (8) Curing Conditions for Low Refractive Index Layer In the present invention, curing conditions suitable for the curable functional group of each component used for the low refractive index layer can be selected.
Preferred examples are described below.

(A) System using both a hydroxyl group-containing fluorine-containing compound and a compound that reacts with a hydroxyl group The curing temperature is preferably 60 to 200 ° C, more preferably 80 to 130 ° C, and most preferably 80 to 110 ° C. A low temperature is preferred when the support is prone to degradation at high temperatures. The time required for thermosetting is preferably 30 seconds to 60 minutes, more preferably 1 minute to 20 minutes.
In particular, in the case where the lower surface is an ionizing radiation curable (meth) acrylate group-containing optical film constituting layer, the interface bond can be strengthened by adding a (meth) acrylate group-containing compound to the low refractive index layer. . Preferred curing conditions will be described later together with the case of the system (B).

(B) System using a (meth) acrylate group-containing fluorine-containing compound When the fluorine-containing compound contains a (meth) acrylate group, a compound containing a (meth) acrylate group is further used in the low refractive index layer. It is preferable in terms of improving the strength of the coating film. It is effective to cure by combining irradiation with ionizing radiation and heat treatment before irradiation, simultaneously with irradiation or after irradiation.
Although the pattern of some manufacturing processes is shown below, it is not limited to these.
Before irradiation → At the same time as irradiation → After irradiation (-indicates that heat treatment is not performed)
(1) Heat treatment → ionizing radiation curing → −
(2) Heat treatment → ionizing radiation curing → heat treatment (3) − → ionizing radiation curing → heat treatment In addition, a step of performing heat treatment simultaneously with ionizing radiation curing is also preferable.

(Heat treatment)
In the present invention, as described above, heat treatment is preferably performed in combination with irradiation with ionizing radiation. The heat treatment is not particularly limited as long as it does not damage the constituent layers including the support of the optical film and the low refractive index layer, but is preferably 60 to 200 ° C, more preferably 80 to 130 ° C, most preferably 80 to 110 ° C.

  By raising the temperature, the orientation and distribution of each component in the coating film can be adjusted, and the photocuring reaction can be controlled. Prior to curing with ionizing radiation or heat, each component is not immobilized and the orientation of each component occurs relatively quickly.However, after the initiation of curing, each component is fixed and orientation occurs only partially. Absent. The time required for the heat treatment varies depending on the molecular weight of the component used, interaction with other components, viscosity, etc., but is 30 seconds to 24 hours, preferably 60 seconds to 5 hours, and most preferably 3 minutes to 30 minutes.

  Although there is no limitation in particular in the method of setting the film surface temperature of a film to desired temperature, The method of heating a roll and contacting a film, the method of spraying heated nitrogen, irradiation of far infrared rays or infrared rays, etc. are preferable. A method described in Japanese Patent No. 2523574 may also be used, in which hot water or steam is passed through a rotating metal roll and heated. On the other hand, at the time of irradiation of ionizing radiation described below, when the film surface temperature of the film rises, a method of cooling the roll and bringing it into contact with the film can be used.

(Ionizing radiation irradiation conditions)
The film surface temperature during irradiation with ionizing radiation is not particularly limited, but is generally 20 to 200 ° C., preferably 30 to 150 ° C., and most preferably 40 to 120 ° C. in view of handling properties and in-plane performance uniformity. It is. If the film surface temperature is not more than the above upper limit value, the fluidity of the low molecular component in the binder is excessively increased and the surface state is not deteriorated, and the problem that the support is damaged by heat does not occur. Moreover, if it is more than this lower limit, the curing reaction proceeds sufficiently and the film has good scratch resistance, which is preferable.

There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the kind of ionizing radiation, Although an x-ray, an electron beam, an ultraviolet-ray, visible light, infrared rays etc. are mentioned, an ultraviolet-ray is used widely. For example, if the coating film is UV curable, it is to cure each layer by irradiating an irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays of 10mJ / cm ² ~1000mJ / cm ² by an ultraviolet lamp preferred. When irradiating, the energy may be applied at once, or divided and irradiated. In particular, from the viewpoint of reducing the performance variation in the surface of the coating film, it is also preferable to irradiate by dividing into about 2 to 8 times.

  The time during which the film is kept at the above temperature after irradiation with ionizing radiation is preferably from 0.1 seconds to 300 seconds, more preferably from 0.1 seconds to 10 seconds from the end of irradiation with ionizing radiation. If the film surface temperature of the film is kept in the above temperature range is too short, the reaction of the coating composition for forming a low refractive index layer that forms a film cannot be promoted. The above problem will occur.

(Oxygen concentration)
The oxygen concentration at the time of ionizing radiation irradiation is preferably 3% by volume or less, more preferably 1% by volume or less, and still more preferably 0.1% or less. In contrast to the step of irradiating with ionizing radiation at an oxygen concentration of 3% by volume or less, by providing a step of maintaining in an atmosphere at an oxygen concentration of 3% by volume immediately before or immediately after that, the curing of the film is sufficiently promoted, A film excellent in strength and chemical resistance can be formed.

  The heat treatment step before, simultaneously with or after the irradiation with ionizing radiation can be performed in the atmosphere, but it is also preferable to decrease the oxygen concentration as in the ionizing radiation irradiation. In particular, when the thermal stability of a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound, or the like is insufficient, the strength of the film after completion of the entire curing process can be kept strong by performing a heat treatment with a reduced oxygen concentration.

  As a means for reducing the oxygen concentration, it is preferable to replace the atmosphere (nitrogen concentration of about 79% by volume, oxygen concentration of about 21% by volume) with another inert gas, and particularly preferably with nitrogen (nitrogen purge). It is. By carrying it in an atmosphere having a low oxygen concentration before the step of irradiating with ionizing radiation, the oxygen concentration inside the coating film surface and inside can be effectively reduced, and curing can be promoted. The oxygen concentration in the transport step before ionizing radiation irradiation is preferably 3% by volume or less, more preferably 1% volume or less, and still more preferably 0.1% or less.

1- (9) Layer structure of antireflection film The optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited in use, but is preferably an antireflection film. The antireflection film has a hard coat layer, which will be described later, on a transparent substrate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “support”) as necessary, and an antistatic layer as one particularly preferable constituent layer. In addition, one or more antireflection layers are stacked in consideration of the refractive index, the film thickness, the number of layers, the layer order, and the like so that the reflectance is reduced by optical interference.

  In general, the antireflection film has a simplest configuration in which only a low refractive index layer is coated on a substrate. In order to further reduce the reflectance, the antireflection layer is preferably constituted by combining a high refractive index layer having a higher refractive index than that of the base material and a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than that of the base material. Examples of configurations include two layers of a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer from the base material side, and three layers having different refractive indices, a medium refractive index layer (having a higher refractive index than the base material or the hard coat layer). , A layer having a refractive index lower than that of a high refractive index layer) / a layer having a high refractive index / a layer having a low refractive index, and the like. Especially, it is preferable to apply | coat in order of a middle refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer on the base material which has a hard-coat layer from durability, an optical characteristic, cost, productivity, etc.

  The example of the preferable layer structure of the antireflection film of this invention is shown below. In the following configuration, the base film functions as a support. In addition, in the following configuration, what is described as (antistatic layer) is a configuration in which a layer having other functions also has the function of an antistatic layer. Since the number of layers to be formed can be reduced by providing the antistatic layer with a function other than antistatic, this structure is preferable because productivity is improved.

(Preferable layer structure of the antireflection film of the present invention)
・ Base film / Antistatic layer / Low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / low refractive index layer (antistatic layer),
・ Base film / Anti-glare layer (Antistatic layer) / Low refractive index layer,
Base film / antiglare layer / antistatic layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / antiglare layer (antistatic layer) / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / antiglare layer / antistatic layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / antistatic layer / antiglare layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer (antistatic layer) / antiglare layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / high refractive index layer / antistatic layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / high refractive index layer (antistatic layer) / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / hard coat layer / antistatic layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Base film / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer (antistatic layer) / low refractive index layer,
Base film / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer (antistatic layer) / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Base film / hard coat layer (antistatic layer) / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
・ Base film / antiglare layer / high refractive index layer (antistatic layer) / low refractive index layer,
Base film / antiglare layer / medium refractive index layer (antistatic layer) / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Base film / antistatic layer / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Antistatic layer / base film / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Base film / antistatic layer / antiglare layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Antistatic layer / base film / antiglare layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer,
Antistatic layer / base film / antiglare layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer.

  As long as the reflectance can be reduced by optical interference, it is not limited to these layer configurations. The antistatic layer is preferably a layer containing conductive polymer particles or metal oxide fine particles {for example, tin oxide doped with antimony (ATO), indium oxide doped with tin (ITO)}. It can be provided by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment or the like.

2. The composition of the present invention Various compounds that can be used in the film of the present invention are described below.

2- (1) Binder The film of the present invention can be formed by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound. That is, a coating composition containing an ionizing radiation-curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer as a binder is coated on a transparent support, and the polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer is formed by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction. be able to.
The functional group of the ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer is preferably a light, electron beam, or radiation polymerizable group, and among them, a photopolymerizable functional group is preferable.
Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include unsaturated polymerizable functional groups such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, a styryl group, and an allyl group. Among them, a (meth) acryloyl group is preferable. Particularly preferably, a compound containing two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule described below can be used.

As a specific example of a photopolymerizable polyfunctional monomer having a photopolymerizable functional group,
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of alkylene glycol such as neopentyl glycol acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyoxyalkylene glycols such as triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate;
(Meth) acrylic acid diesters of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide adducts such as 2,2-bis {4- (acryloxy · diethoxy) phenyl} propane and 2-bis {4- (acryloxy · polypropoxy) phenyl} propane ;
Etc.

  Furthermore, epoxy (meth) acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, and polyester (meth) acrylates are also preferably used as the photopolymerizable polyfunctional monomer.

  Among these, esters of polyhydric alcohol and (meth) acrylic acid are preferable. More preferably, a polyfunctional monomer having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule is preferable. Specifically, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolethane tri (meth) acrylate, 1,2,4-cyclohexanetetra (meth) acrylate, pentaglycerol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, penta Erythritol tri (meth) acrylate, (di) pentaerythritol triacrylate, (di) pentaerythritol pentaacrylate, (di) pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, (di) pentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, tripentaerythritol triacrylate , Tripentaerythritol hexatriacrylate and the like. In the present specification, “(meth) acrylate”, “(meth) acrylic acid”, and “(meth) acryloyl” represent “acrylate or methacrylate”, “acrylic acid or methacrylic acid”, and “acryloyl or methacryloyl”, respectively. .

As the monomer binder, monomers having different refractive indexes can be used to control the refractive index of each layer. Examples of particularly high refractive index monomers include bis (4-methacryloylthiophenyl) sulfide, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl phenyl sulfide, 4-methacryloxyphenyl-4′-methoxyphenyl thioether, and the like.
Further, for example, dendrimers described in JP-A-2005-76005 and JP-A-2005-36105, and norbornene ring-containing monomers as described in JP-A-2005-60425 can also be used.

Two or more polyfunctional monomers may be used in combination.
Polymerization of the monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group can be performed by irradiation with ionizing radiation or heating in the presence of a photo radical initiator or a thermal radical initiator.
It is preferable to use a photopolymerization initiator for the polymerization reaction of the photopolymerizable polyfunctional monomer. As the photopolymerization initiator, a photoradical polymerization initiator and a photocationic polymerization initiator are preferable, and a photoradical polymerization initiator is particularly preferable.

2- (2) Translucent Particles Various translucent particles are used for imparting antiglare properties (surface scattering properties) and internal scattering properties to the film of the present invention, particularly the antiglare layer and the hard coat layer. I can do it. Moreover, it is also preferable to use for the layer containing the electroconductive particle which the inside of the particle | grains of this invention is porous or hollow.

The translucent particles may be organic particles or inorganic particles. As the particle size is not varied, the scattering characteristics are less varied, and the design of the haze value is facilitated. As the translucent particles, plastic beads are preferable, and those having particularly high transparency and a difference in refractive index with the binder are preferable.
As organic particles, polymethyl methacrylate particles (refractive index 1.49), crosslinked poly (acryl-styrene) copolymer particles (refractive index 1.54), melamine resin particles (refractive index 1.57), polycarbonate particles ( Refractive index 1.57), polystyrene particles (refractive index 1.60), crosslinked polystyrene particles (refractive index 1.61), polyvinyl chloride particles (refractive index 1.60), benzoguanamine-melamine formaldehyde particles (refractive index 1. 68) etc. are used.
Examples of the inorganic particles include silica particles (refractive index: 1.44), alumina particles (refractive index: 1.63), zirconia particles, titania particles, and inorganic particles having hollows and pores.

Of these, cross-linked polystyrene particles, cross-linked poly ((meth) acrylate) particles, and cross-linked poly (acryl-styrene) particles are preferably used, and a binder is selected according to the refractive index of each light-transmitting particle selected from these particles. By adjusting the refractive index, the internal haze, surface haze, and centerline average roughness of the present invention can be achieved.
Furthermore, a binder (a refractive index after curing is 1.50 to 1.53) mainly composed of a tri- or higher functional (meth) acrylate monomer and a crosslinked poly (meth) acrylate weight having an acrylic content of 50 to 100 weight percent. It is preferable to use a combination of translucent particles composed of a combination, and in particular, a combination of a binder and translucent particles composed of a crosslinked poly (styrene-acryl) copolymer (refractive index: 1.48 to 1.54). preferable.

The refractive index of the binder (translucent resin) and translucent particles in the present invention is preferably 1.45 to 1.70, more preferably 1.48 to 1.65. In order to make the refractive index within the above range, the type and amount ratio of the binder and translucent particles may be appropriately selected. How to select can be easily known experimentally in advance.
In the present invention, the difference in refractive index between the binder and the translucent particles (the refractive index of the translucent particles−the refractive index of the binder) is preferably 0.001 to 0.030 as an absolute value, More preferably, it is 0.001-0.020, More preferably, it is 0.001-0.015. If this difference exceeds 0.030, problems such as film character blur, a decrease in dark room contrast, and surface turbidity occur.

  Here, the refractive index of the binder can be quantitatively evaluated by directly measuring it with an Abbe refractometer or by measuring a spectral reflection spectrum or a spectral ellipsometry. The refractive index of the translucent particles is measured by measuring the turbidity by dispersing an equal amount of the translucent particles in the solvent in which the refractive index is changed by changing the mixing ratio of two types of solvents having different refractive indexes. It is measured by measuring the refractive index of the solvent when the turbidity is minimized with an Abbe refractometer.

  In the case of the above translucent particles, the translucent particles easily settle in the binder, and therefore an inorganic filler such as silica may be added to prevent sedimentation. As the amount of the inorganic filler added increases, it is more effective in preventing the translucent particles from settling, but adversely affects the transparency of the coating film. Therefore, preferably, an inorganic filler having a particle size of 0.5 μm or less is contained in an amount of less than 0.1% by mass so as not to impair the transparency of the coating film with respect to the binder.

  The average particle diameter of the translucent particles is preferably 0.5 to 20 μm, more preferably 2.0 to 15.0 μm. If the average particle size is less than 0.5 μm, the light scattering angle distribution spreads to a wide angle, which may cause blurring of characters on the display. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20 μm, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the layer to be added, which causes problems such as curling and cost increase.

  Moreover, you may use together and use 2 or more types of translucent particle | grains from which a particle diameter differs. It is possible to impart an antiglare property with a light-transmitting particle having a larger particle diameter, and to reduce the surface roughness with a light-transmitting particle having a smaller particle diameter.

  The said translucent particle | grain is mix | blended so that 3-30 mass% may be contained in the addition layer total solid. More preferably, it is 5-20 mass%. If it is less than 3% by mass, the effect of addition is insufficient, and if it exceeds 30% by mass, problems such as image blur, surface turbidity and glare occur.

Moreover, the density of the translucent particles is preferably 10 to 1000 mg / m ² , more preferably 100 to 700 mg / m ² .

<Translucent particle preparation, classification method>
Examples of the method for producing translucent particles according to the present invention include suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, soap-free emulsion polymerization, dispersion polymerization, seed polymerization, and the like. Good. These production methods are described in, for example, “Experimental Methods for Polymer Synthesis” (Takayuki Otsu and Masaaki Kinoshita, Chemical Dojinsha), pages 130 and 146 to 147, “Synthetic Polymers”, Vol. 246-290, 3rd volume, p. 1 to 108, etc., and Japanese Patent Nos. 2543503, 3508304, 2746275, 3521560, 3580320, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-1561. Reference can be made to methods described in JP-A No. 7-2908, JP-A No. 5-297506, JP-A No. 2002-145919, and the like.

The particle size distribution of the translucent particles is preferably monodisperse particles in terms of haze value and diffusibility control, and uniformity of the coated surface. For example, when particles having a particle size of 20% or more than the average particle size are defined as coarse particles, the proportion of coarse particles is preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less of the total number of particles. Yes, more preferably 0.01% or less. Particles having such a particle size distribution are also effective means of classification after preparation or synthesis reaction, and particles having a desired distribution can be obtained by increasing the number of classifications or increasing the degree of classification. .
It is preferable to use a method such as an air classification method, a centrifugal classification method, a sedimentation classification method, a filtration classification method, or an electrostatic classification method for classification.

2- (3) Inorganic particles Various inorganic particles can be used in the present invention in order to improve physical properties such as hardness, optical properties such as reflectance, and scattering properties.
As the inorganic particles, an oxide of at least one metal selected from silicon, zirconium, titanium, aluminum, indium, zinc, tin, and antimony, specific examples include ZrO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , In ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, SnO ₂ , Sb ₂ O ₃ , ITO and the like can be mentioned. In addition, BaSO ₄ , CaCO ₃ , talc and kaolin are included.

  The particle diameter of the inorganic particles used in the present invention is preferably as fine as possible in the dispersion medium, and the weight average diameter is 1 to 200 nm. Preferably it is 5-150 nm, More preferably, it is 10-100 nm, Most preferably, it is 10-80 nm. A film that does not impair the transparency can be formed by refining the inorganic particles to 100 nm or less. The particle diameter of the inorganic particles can be measured by a light scattering method or an electron micrograph.

The specific surface area of the inorganic particles is preferably from 10 to 400 m ² / g, more preferably from 20 to 200 m ² / g, and most preferably from 30 to 150 m ² / g.

The inorganic particles used in the present invention are preferably added to a coating solution for a layer used as a dispersion in a dispersion medium.
As the dispersion medium for the inorganic particles, a liquid having a boiling point of 60 to 170 ° C. is preferably used. Examples of dispersion media include water, alcohol (eg, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol), ketone (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone), ester (eg, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, Propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, butyl formate), aliphatic hydrocarbons (eg, hexane, cyclohexane), halogenated hydrocarbons (eg, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride), aromatic Hydrocarbon (eg, benzene, toluene, xylene), amide (eg, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, n-methylpyrrolidone), ether (eg, diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran), ether alcohol (eg, 1-methyl) Carboxymethyl-2-propanol) are included. Toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and butanol are particularly preferred.
Particularly preferred dispersion media are methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone.

  The inorganic particles are dispersed using a disperser. Examples of dispersers include sand grinder mills (eg, pinned bead mills), high speed impeller mills, pebble mills, roller mills, attritors and colloid mills. A sand grinder mill and a high-speed impeller mill are particularly preferred. Further, preliminary dispersion processing may be performed. Examples of the disperser used for the preliminary dispersion treatment include a ball mill, a three-roll mill, a kneader, and an extruder.

<High refractive index particles>
For the purpose of increasing the refractive index of the layer constituting the present invention, a cured product of a composition in which inorganic particles having a high refractive index are dispersed in a monomer, an initiator, and an organically substituted silicon compound is preferably used.
As the inorganic particles in this case, ZrO ₂ and TiO _{2 are} particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of refractive index. ZrO ₂ is most preferable for increasing the refractive index of the hard coat layer, and TiO ₂ fine particles are most preferable as the particles for the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer.

As the TiO ₂ particles, inorganic particles mainly containing TiO ₂ containing at least one element selected from cobalt, aluminum, and zirconium are particularly preferable. The main component means a component having the largest content (mass%) among the components constituting the particles.
The particles mainly composed of TiO ₂ in the present invention preferably have a refractive index of 1.90 to 2.80, more preferably 2.10 to 2.80, and 2.20 to 2.80. Most preferably.
The weight average diameter of primary particles of TiO ₂ as a main component is preferably 1 to 200 nm, more preferably 1 to 150 nm, still more preferably 1 to 100 nm, and particularly preferably 1 to 80 nm.

The crystal structure of the particles containing TiO ₂ as a main component is preferably a rutile, rutile / anatase mixed crystal, anatase, or amorphous structure, and particularly preferably a rutile structure. The main component means a component having the largest content (mass%) among the components constituting the particles.

By containing at least one element selected from Co (cobalt), Al (aluminum), and Zr (zirconium) in particles containing TiO ₂ as a main component, the photocatalytic activity of TiO ₂ can be suppressed. The weather resistance of the inventive film can be improved.
A particularly preferable element is Co (cobalt). It is also preferable to use two or more types in combination.
The inorganic particles mainly composed of TiO ₂ of the present invention may have a core / shell structure by surface treatment as described in JP-A No. 2001-166104.

  The addition amount of the monomer and inorganic particles in the layer is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, based on the total mass of the binder. Two or more kinds of inorganic particles may be used in the layer.

2- (4) Antifouling agent For the purpose of imparting antifouling properties, water resistance, chemical resistance, slipping properties and the like to the film of the present invention, particularly the uppermost layer of the film, a known polysiloxane type (described below) A compound having a polysiloxane structure to be described) or a fluorine-based antifouling agent, a slipping agent or the like is preferably added as appropriate.
In the case of adding these additives, it is preferably added in the range of 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 10% by mass of the total solid content of the low refractive index layer. Particularly preferred is 0.1 to 5% by mass.

[Compound having a polysiloxane structure]
Next, the compound having a polysiloxane structure will be described.
In the present invention, a compound having a polysiloxane structure is used for the purpose of improving scratch resistance by imparting slipperiness and imparting antifouling property. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the structure of a compound, What has a substituent in the terminal and / or side chain of a compound chain | strand which contains multiple dimethylsilyloxy units as a repeating unit is mentioned. The compound chain containing dimethylsilyloxy as a repeating unit may contain a structural unit other than dimethylsilyloxy.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the molecular weight of the compound which has a polysiloxane structure, It is preferable that it is 100,000 or less, It is especially preferable that it is 50,000 or less, It is most preferable that it is 3000-30000.

  From the viewpoint of preventing transcription, it preferably contains a hydroxyl group or a functional group that reacts with the hydroxyl group to form a bond. This bond formation reaction preferably proceeds rapidly under heating conditions and / or in the presence of a catalyst. Examples of such a substituent include an epoxy group and a carboxyl group. Although the following are mentioned as an example of a preferable compound, It is not limited to these.

(Including hydroxyl group)
“X-22-160AS”, “KF-6001”, “KF-6002”, “KF-6003”, “X-22-170DX”, “X-22-176DX”, “X-22-176D”, “X-22-176F” {manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.}; “FM-4411”, “FM-4421”, “FM-4425”, “FM-0411”, “FM-0421”, “ "FM-0425", "FM-DA11", "FM-DA21", "FM-DA25" {above, manufactured by Chisso Corporation}; "CMS-626", "CMS-222" {above, manufactured by Gelest} .

(Containing functional groups that react with hydroxyl groups)
"X-22-162C", "KF-105" {manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.}; "FM-5511", "FM-5521", "FM-5525", "FM-6611", " FM-6621 "," FM-6625 "{above, manufactured by Chisso Corporation}.

  In addition to the polysiloxane compound, another polysiloxane compound may be used in combination. Preferable examples include those having a substituent at the terminal and / or side chain of a compound chain containing a plurality of dimethylsilyloxy units as repeating units. The compound chain containing dimethylsilyloxy as a repeating unit may contain a structural unit other than dimethylsilyloxy. The substituents may be the same or different, and a plurality of substituents are preferable. Examples of preferred substituents include acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, vinyl group, aryl group, cinnamoyl group, oxetanyl group, fluoroalkyl group, polyoxyalkylene group, carboxyl group, amino group and the like. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in molecular weight, It is preferable that it is 100,000 or less, It is more preferable that it is 50,000 or less, It is especially preferable that it is 3000-30000, It is most preferable that it is 10,000-20000. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in silicone atom content of a silicone type compound, it is preferable that it is 18.0 mass% or more, it is especially preferable that it is 25.0-37.0 mass%, and 30.0-37.0. Most preferably, it is mass%. Examples of preferred silicone compounds are X-22-174DX, X-22-2426, X-22-164B, X22-164C, X-22-1821 (above trade names) and Chisso (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). Co., Ltd., FM-0725, FM-7725, FM6621, FM-1121 and Gelest DMS-U22, RMS-033, RMS-083, UMS-182, DMS-H21, DMS-H31, HMS-301, FMS121, Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, FMS123, FMS131, FMS141, and FMS221 (hereinafter, trade names).

As the fluorine compound used as an antifouling agent, a compound having a fluoroalkyl group is preferred. The fluoroalkyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a straight chain (for example, —CF ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₄ H, —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₈ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₄ H, etc.), even branched structures (eg, CH (CF ₃ ) ₂ , CH ₂ CF (CF ₃ ) ₂ , CH (CH ₃ ) CF ₂ CF ₃ , CH (CH ₃ ) (CF ₂ ) ₅ CF ₂ H, etc.), alicyclic structures (preferably 5-membered or 6-membered rings such as perfluorocyclohexyl group, perfluorocyclopentyl, etc. Group or an alkyl group substituted with these, and may have an ether bond (for example, CH ₂ OCH ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ , CH ₂ CH ₂ OCH ₂ C ₄ F ₈ H, CH ₂ CH _{2 CH 2 CH 2 C 8 F 17} , CH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H , etc.). A plurality of the fluoroalkyl groups may be contained in the same molecule.

  It is preferable that the fluorine-based compound further has a substituent that contributes to bond formation or compatibility with the low refractive index layer film. The substituents may be the same or different, and a plurality of substituents are preferable. Examples of preferred substituents include acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, vinyl group, aryl group, cinnamoyl group, epoxy group, oxetanyl group, hydroxyl group, polyoxyalkylene group, carboxyl group, amino group and the like. The fluorine-based compound may be a polymer or an oligomer with a compound not containing a fluorine atom, and the molecular weight is not particularly limited. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in fluorine atom content of a fluorine-type compound, It is preferable that it is 20 mass% or more, It is especially preferable that it is 30-70 mass%, It is most preferable that it is 40-70 mass%. Examples of preferred fluorine-based compounds include Daikin Chemical Industries, Ltd., R-2020, M-2020, R-3833, M-3833 (named above), Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd., Megafac F-171. , F-172, F-179A, and defender MCF-300 (named above), but are not limited thereto.

  For the purpose of imparting properties such as dust resistance and antistatic properties, a known cationic surfactant or a dustproof agent such as a polyoxyalkylene compound, an antistatic agent, or the like can be appropriately added. These dustproofing agent and antistatic agent may contain the structural unit as a part of the function in the above-mentioned silicone compound or fluorine compound. When these are added as additives, it is preferably added in the range of 0.01 to 20% by mass of the total solid content of the low refractive index layer, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 10% by mass. Particularly preferred is 0.1 to 5% by mass. Examples of preferred compounds include, but are not limited to, Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd., MegaFace F-150 (trade name), Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., SH-3748 (trade name), and the like. Do not mean.

2- (5) Surfactant In the film of the present invention, in order to ensure surface uniformity such as coating unevenness, drying unevenness, point defect, etc., either a fluorine-based or silicone-based surfactant, or Both of them are preferably contained in the coating composition for forming the light diffusion layer. In particular, a fluorine-based surfactant can be preferably used because an effect of improving surface defects such as coating unevenness, drying unevenness, and point defects appears at a smaller addition amount. Productivity can be improved by giving high-speed coating suitability while improving surface uniformity.

  Preferable examples of the fluorosurfactant include a fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer (sometimes abbreviated as “fluorine polymer”), and the fluoropolymer includes the following monomer (i): An acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the acrylic resin, the methacrylic resin characterized by containing a corresponding repeating unit, or a repeating unit corresponding to the monomer (ii) below: Copolymers are useful.

(I) Fluoroaliphatic group-containing monomer represented by the following general formula A

In the general formula A, R ¹¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —N (R ¹² ) —, m is an integer of 1 to 6 and n is an integer of 2 to 4. To express. R ¹² represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, specifically a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. X is preferably an oxygen atom.

(Ii) a monomer represented by the following general formula (b) copolymerizable with the above (i):

In the general formula (b), R ¹³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —N (R ¹⁵ ) —, R ¹⁵ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, specifically Specifically, it represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. Y is an oxygen atom, -N (H) -, and -N (CH ₃₎ - are preferred.
R ¹⁴ represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent for the alkyl group represented by R ¹⁴ include a hydroxyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl ether group, an aryl ether group, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, a nitro group, and a cyano group. , Amino groups and the like, but not limited thereto. Examples of the linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms include a butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group and undecyl group which may be linear or branched. , Dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, octadecyl group, eicosanyl group, etc., and monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group and bicycloheptyl group, bicyclodecyl group, tricycloundecyl group, A polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a tetracyclododecyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecyl group, or the like is preferably used.

  The amount of the fluoroaliphatic group-containing monomer represented by the general formula (a) used in the fluoropolymer used in the present invention is 10 mol% or more based on each monomer of the fluoropolymer, preferably Is 15 to 70 mol%, more preferably in the range of 20 to 60 mol%.

The preferred weight average molecular weight of the fluoropolymer used in the present invention is preferably 3000 to 100,000, more preferably 5,000 to 80,000.
Furthermore, the preferable addition amount of the fluoropolymer used in the present invention is in the range of 0.001 to 5% by mass, preferably in the range of 0.005 to 3% by mass, and more preferably, with respect to the coating solution. It is the range of 0.01-1 mass%. If the addition amount of the fluorine-based polymer is less than 0.001% by mass, the effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5% by mass, the coating film may not be sufficiently dried or the performance as a coating film (for example, reflectance) Adversely affect the scratch resistance).

2- (6) Thickener The film of the present invention may use a thickener to adjust the viscosity of the coating solution. The term “thickener” as used herein means that the viscosity of the liquid is increased by adding it, and is preferably 0.05 to 50 cP as the magnitude of increase in the viscosity of the coating liquid by adding it. More preferably, it is 0.10-20 cP, Most preferably, it is 0.10-10 cP.

Examples of such thickeners include, but are not limited to:
Poly-ε-caprolactone poly-ε-caprolactone diol poly-ε-caprolactone triol polyvinyl acetate poly (ethylene adipate)
Poly (1,4-butylene adipate)
Poly (1,4-butylene glutarate)
Poly (1,4-butylene succinate)
Poly (1,4-butylene terephthalate)
polyethylene terephthalate)
Poly (2-methyl-1,3-propylene adipate)
Poly (2-methyl-1,3-propylene glutarate)
Poly (neopentyl glycol adipate)
Poly (neopentyl glycol sebacate)
Poly (1,3-propylene adipate)
Poly (1,3-propylene glutarate)
Polyvinyl butyral Polyvinyl formal Polyvinyl acetal Polyvinyl propanal Polyvinyl hexanal Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Polyacrylic acid ester Polymethacrylic acid ester Cellulose acetate Cellulose propionate Cellulose acetate butyrate

  In addition to this, known viscosity modifiers such as smectite, tetrasilica mica, bentonite, silica, montmorillonite and polyacrylic acid soda described in JP-A-8-325491, JP10-219136 ethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, organic clay, etc. Or a thixotropic agent can be used.

2- (7) Coating solvent As a solvent used in the coating composition for forming each layer of the present invention, each component can be dissolved or dispersed, and a uniform surface is likely to be formed in the coating process and the drying process. Various solvents selected from the viewpoints of ensuring liquid storage stability and having an appropriate saturated vapor pressure can be used.
Two or more kinds of solvents can be mixed and used. In particular, from the viewpoint of drying load, it is preferable that a solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or lower at normal pressure and room temperature as a main component and a small amount of solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher for adjusting the drying speed.

  Examples of the solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or lower include hydrocarbons such as hexane (boiling point 68.7 ° C.), heptane (98.4 ° C.), cyclohexane (80.7 ° C.), benzene (80.1 ° C.), Halogenated carbonization such as dichloromethane (39.8 ° C), chloroform (61.2 ° C), carbon tetrachloride (76.8 ° C), 1,2-dichloroethane (83.5 ° C), trichloroethylene (87.2 ° C) Hydrogens, diethyl ether (34.6 ° C), diisopropyl ether (68.5 ° C), dipropyl ether (90.5 ° C), tetrahydrofuran (66 ° C) and other ethers, ethyl formate (54.2 ° C), Esters such as methyl acetate (57.8 ° C.), ethyl acetate (77.1 ° C.), isopropyl acetate (89 ° C.), acetone (56.1 ° C.), 2-butanone (methyl ethyl) Ketones such as 79.6 ° C, the same as ketone, methanol (64.5 ° C), ethanol (78.3 ° C), 2-propanol (82.4 ° C), 1-propanol (97.2 ° C), etc. Alcohols, cyano compounds such as acetonitrile (81.6 ° C.), propionitrile (97.4 ° C.), carbon disulfide (46.2 ° C.), and the like. Of these, ketones and esters are preferable, and ketones are particularly preferable. Among the ketones, 2-butanone is particularly preferable.

  Examples of the solvent having a boiling point of 100 ° C or higher include, for example, octane (125.7 ° C), toluene (110.6 ° C), xylene (138 ° C), tetrachloroethylene (121.2 ° C), chlorobenzene (131.7 ° C), Dioxane (101.3 ° C.), dibutyl ether (142.4 ° C.), isobutyl acetate (118 ° C.), cyclohexanone (155.7 ° C.), 2-methyl-4-pentanone (same as MIBK, 115.9 ° C.), Examples thereof include 1-butanol (117.7 ° C.), N, N-dimethylformamide (153 ° C.), N, N-dimethylacetamide (166 ° C.), dimethyl sulfoxide (189 ° C.) and the like. Cyclohexanone and 2-methyl-4-pentanone are preferable.

2- (8) Others In addition to the above-mentioned components, the film of the present invention includes a resin, a coupling agent, a coloring inhibitor, a coloring agent (pigment, dye), an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a flame retardant, and an ultraviolet absorber. , Infrared absorbers, adhesion-imparting agents, polymerization inhibitors, antioxidants, surface modifiers, and the like can also be added.

2- (9) Support The support of the film of the present invention is not particularly limited, such as a transparent resin film, a transparent resin plate, a transparent resin sheet, and transparent glass. Transparent resin films include cellulose acylate films (for example, cellulose triacetate film (refractive index 1.48), cellulose diacetate film, cellulose acetate butyrate film, cellulose acetate propionate film), polyethylene terephthalate film, polyethersulfone. Films, polyacrylic resin films, polyurethane resin films, polyester films, polycarbonate films, polysulfone films, polyether films, polymethylpentene films, polyetherketone films, (meth) acrylonitrile films, and the like can be used.

<Cellulose acylate film>
Among them, a cellulose acylate film having high transparency, optically low birefringence, easy production, and generally used as a protective film for a polarizing plate is preferable, and a cellulose triacetate film is particularly preferable. The thickness of the transparent support is usually about 25 μm to 1000 μm.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree of 59.0 to 61.5% for the cellulose acylate film.
The degree of acetylation means the amount of bound acetic acid per unit mass of cellulose. The degree of acetylation follows the measurement and calculation of the degree of acetylation in ASTM: D-817-91 (test method for cellulose acetate and the like).
The viscosity average degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose acylate is preferably 250 or more, and more preferably 290 or more.
The cellulose acylate used in the present invention has a Mw / Mn (Mw is a mass average molecular weight, Mn is a number average molecular weight) value by gel permeation chromatography close to 1.0, in other words, a molecular weight distribution. Narrow is preferred. The specific value of Mw / Mn is preferably 1.0 to 1.7, more preferably 1.3 to 1.65, and most preferably 1.4 to 1.6. preferable.

In general, the 2, 3, and 6 hydroxyl groups of cellulose acylate are not evenly distributed by 1/3 of the total substitution degree, and the substitution degree of the 6-position hydroxyl group tends to be small. In the present invention, it is preferable that the substitution degree of the 6-position hydroxyl group of cellulose acylate is larger than that of the 2- and 3-positions.
The hydroxyl group at the 6-position with respect to the total substitution degree is preferably substituted with 32% or more of an acyl group, more preferably 33% or more, and particularly preferably 34% or more. Furthermore, the substitution degree of the 6-position acyl group of cellulose acylate is preferably 0.88 or more. The 6-position hydroxyl group may be substituted with a propionyl group, butyroyl group, valeroyl group, benzoyl group, acryloyl group or the like, which is an acyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, in addition to the acetyl group. The degree of substitution at each position can be determined by NMR.
In the present invention, as cellulose acylate, paragraphs “0043” to “0044” [Example] [Synthesis Example 1], paragraphs “0048” to “0049” [Synthesis Example 2], and paragraph “ Cellulose acetate obtained by the method described in “0051” to “0052” [Synthesis Example 3] can be used.

<Polyethylene terephthalate film>
In the present invention, a polyethylene terephthalate film is also preferably used because it is excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, flatness, chemical resistance and moisture resistance, and is inexpensive.
In order to further improve the adhesion strength between the transparent plastic film and the hard coat layer provided thereon, the transparent plastic film is more preferably subjected to an easy adhesion treatment.
Examples of commercially available PET films with an easily adhesive layer for optics include Cosmo Shine A4100 and A4300 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.

3. The layer which comprises a film Although the film of this invention is obtained by mixing and coating said various compounds, it describes about the layer which comprises the film of this invention next.

3- (1) Anti-glare layer The anti-glare layer is formed for the purpose of contributing to the film anti-glare properties by surface scattering as defined in the present invention, and preferably hard coat properties for improving the scratch resistance of the film. Is done.

As a method of forming the antiglare property, a method of laminating and forming a mat-shaped shaping film having fine irregularities on the surface as described in JP-A-6-16851, as described in JP-A-2000-206317 A method of forming by curing shrinkage of an ionizing radiation curable resin due to a difference in the amount of ionizing radiation, and as described in JP-A No. 2000-338310, when the weight ratio of a good solvent to a translucent resin decreases by drying. A method of solidifying a light-sensitive fine particle and a translucent resin while gelling to form unevenness on the coating film surface, a method of imparting surface unevenness by external pressure as described in JP-A-2000-275404, etc. These known methods can be used.
The antiglare layer that can be used in the present invention preferably contains a binder capable of imparting hard coat properties, translucent particles for imparting antiglare properties, and a solvent as essential components. It is preferable that irregularities on the surface be formed by the protrusions of the protrusions themselves or protrusions formed by an aggregate of a plurality of particles.
The antiglare layer formed by dispersing the matte particles is composed of a binder and translucent particles dispersed in the binder. The antiglare layer having antiglare properties preferably has both antiglare properties and hard coat properties.

As specific examples of the mat particles, particles of inorganic compounds such as silica particles and TiO ₂ particles; resin particles such as acrylic particles, crosslinked acrylic particles, polystyrene particles, crosslinked styrene particles, melamine resin particles, and benzoguanamine resin particles are preferable. Can be mentioned. Of these, crosslinked styrene particles, crosslinked acrylic particles, and silica particles are preferred.
The shape of the mat particles can be either spherical or irregular.

  The particle size distribution of the matte particles is measured by a Coulter counter method, and the measured distribution is converted into a particle number distribution.

  The internal haze and surface haze of the present invention can be achieved by adjusting the refractive index of the translucent resin in accordance with the refractive index of each translucent particle selected from these particles. Specifically, a translucent resin (having a refractive index after curing of 1.55 to 1.70) mainly composed of a trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate monomer preferably used in the antiglare layer of the present invention described later. And a combination of translucent particles and / or benzoguanamine particles made of a crosslinked poly (meth) acrylate polymer having a styrene content of 50 to 100% by mass, particularly the translucent resin and styrene content of 50 to 100. A combination with translucent particles (having a refractive index of 1.54 to 1.59) made of a crosslinked poly (styrene-acrylate) copolymer having a mass% is particularly preferred.

The translucent particles are preferably blended in the formed antiglare layer so as to be contained in an amount of 3 to 30% by mass in the total solid content of the antiglare layer. More preferably, it is 5-20 mass%. When it is less than 3% by mass, the antiglare property is insufficient, and when it exceeds 30% by mass, problems such as image blur, surface turbidity and glare occur.
Moreover, the density of the translucent particles is preferably 10 to 1000 mg / m ² , more preferably 100 to 700 mg / m ² .

  The absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the translucent resin and the refractive index of the translucent particles is preferably 0.04 or less. The absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the translucent resin and the refractive index of the translucent particles is preferably 0.001 to 0.030, more preferably 0.001 to 0.020, and still more preferably 0.001. ~ 0.015. When this difference exceeds 0.040, problems such as film character blur, a decrease in dark room contrast, and surface turbidity occur.

  The refractive index of the translucent resin can be quantitatively evaluated by directly measuring it with an Abbe refractometer or by measuring a spectral reflection spectrum or a spectral ellipsometry. The refractive index of the translucent particles is measured by measuring the turbidity by dispersing an equal amount of the translucent particles in the solvent in which the refractive index is changed by changing the mixing ratio of two types of solvents having different refractive indexes. It is measured by measuring the refractive index of the solvent when the turbidity is minimized with an Abbe refractometer.

  Two or more kinds of mat particles having different particle diameters may be used in combination. It is possible to impart anti-glare properties with mat particles having a larger particle size and to impart other optical characteristics with mat particles having a smaller particle size. For example, when an anti-glare antireflection film is attached to a high-definition display of 133 ppi or higher, a problem in display image quality called “glare” may occur. “Glitter” is derived from the fact that pixels are enlarged or reduced due to irregularities present on the surface of the antiglare and antireflection film, resulting in loss of luminance uniformity. Thus, the use of mat particles different from the refractive index of the binder can greatly improve the performance.

  The film thickness of the antiglare layer is preferably 1 to 10 μm, and more preferably 1.2 to 8 μm. If it is too thin, the hard property is insufficient, and if it is too thick, curling and brittleness may be deteriorated and workability may be lowered.

  On the other hand, the center line average roughness (Ra) of the antiglare layer is preferably in the range of 0.10 to 0.40 μm. If it exceeds 0.40 μm, problems such as glare and whitening of the surface when external light is reflected occur. Further, it is preferable that the value of the transmitted image definition is 5 to 60%.

  The strength of the antiglare layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more, and most preferably 3H or more in a pencil hardness test.

3- (2) Hard Coat Layer In order to impart the physical strength of the film to the film of the present invention, a hard coat layer can be provided in addition to the antiglare layer. Preferably, a low refractive index layer is provided thereon, and more preferably, an intermediate refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer are provided between the hard coat layer and the low refractive index layer to constitute an antireflection film. The hard coat layer may be composed of two or more layers.

  The refractive index of the hard coat layer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1.48 to 2.00, more preferably 1.52 to 1, from the optical design for obtaining an antireflection film. .90, more preferably 1.55 to 1.80. In the present invention, since there is at least one low refractive index layer on the hard coat layer, if the refractive index is too small, the antireflection property is lowered, and if it is too large, the color of the reflected light tends to be strong. is there.

From the viewpoint of imparting sufficient durability and impact resistance to the film, the thickness of the hard coat layer is usually about 0.5 μm to 50 μm, preferably 1 μm to 20 μm, more preferably 2 μm. 10 μm, most preferably 3 μm to 7 μm.
Further, the strength of the hard coat layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more, and most preferably 3H or more in a pencil hardness test.
Furthermore, in the Taber test according to JIS K5400, the smaller the wear amount of the test piece before and after the test, the better.

The hard coat layer is preferably formed by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound. For example, it may be formed by applying a coating composition containing an ionizing radiation-curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer on a transparent support and subjecting the polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer to a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction. it can.
The functional group of the ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer is preferably a light, electron beam, or radiation polymerizable group, and among them, a photopolymerizable functional group is preferable.
Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include unsaturated polymerizable functional groups such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, a styryl group, and an allyl group. Among them, a (meth) acryloyl group is preferable.

  The hard coat layer contains matte particles having an average particle diameter of 1.0 to 10.0 μm, preferably 1.5 to 7.0 μm, such as inorganic compound particles or resin particles, for the purpose of imparting internal scattering properties. May be.

  For the purpose of controlling the refractive index of the hard coat layer, a high refractive index monomer, inorganic particles, or both can be added to the binder of the hard coat layer. In addition to the effect of controlling the refractive index, the inorganic particles also have the effect of suppressing cure shrinkage due to the crosslinking reaction. In the present invention, a polymer formed by polymerizing the polyfunctional monomer and / or the high refractive index monomer after the hard coat layer is formed, and the inorganic particles dispersed therein are referred to as a binder.

  In order to maintain the sharpness of the image, it is preferable to adjust the clarity of the transmitted image in addition to adjusting the uneven shape of the surface. The clearness of the transmitted image of the clear antireflection film is preferably 60% or more. The transmitted image clarity is generally an index indicating the degree of blurring of an image reflected through a film, and the larger this value, the clearer and better the image viewed through the film. The transmitted image definition is preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more.

3- (3) High Refractive Index Layer, Medium Refractive Index Layer The film of the present invention can be provided with a high refractive index layer and a medium refractive index layer to enhance antireflection properties.
In the following specification, the high refractive index layer and the middle refractive index layer may be collectively referred to as a high refractive index layer. In the present invention, “high”, “medium”, and “low” in the high refractive index layer, medium refractive index layer, and low refractive index layer represent the relative refractive index relationship between the layers. In terms of the relationship with the transparent support, the refractive index preferably satisfies the relationship of transparent support> low refractive index layer, high refractive index layer> transparent support.
In the present specification, the high refractive index layer, the middle refractive index layer, and the low refractive index layer may be collectively referred to as an antireflection layer.

  In order to construct an antireflection film by constructing a low refractive index layer on a high refractive index layer, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.55 to 2.40, more preferably It is 1.60 to 2.20, more preferably 1.65 to 2.10, and most preferably 1.80 to 2.00.

  When an antireflective film is produced by coating a medium refractive index layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer in order from the support, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is 1.65 to 2.40. Preferably, it is 1.70 to 2.20. The refractive index of the middle refractive index layer is adjusted to be a value between the refractive index of the low refractive index layer and the refractive index of the high refractive index layer. The refractive index of the middle refractive index layer is preferably 1.55 to 1.80.

The inorganic particles mainly composed of TiO ₂ used for the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer are used for forming the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer in the state of dispersion.
In the dispersion of the inorganic particles, the inorganic particles are dispersed in the dispersion medium in the presence of a dispersant.

  The high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer used in the present invention are preferably used in a dispersion liquid in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium, preferably a binder precursor necessary for matrix formation (for example, an ionizing radiation curable composition described later). Polyfunctional monomer, polyfunctional oligomer, etc.), photopolymerization initiator, etc. are added to form a coating composition for forming a high refractive index layer and a medium refractive index layer, and a high refractive index layer and a medium refractive index layer are formed on a transparent support. It is preferable that the coating composition is applied and cured by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound (for example, a polyfunctional monomer or a polyfunctional oligomer).

Furthermore, it is preferable to cause the binder of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer to undergo a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction with the dispersant simultaneously with or after the coating of the layer.
The binder of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer produced in this way is, for example, the above-mentioned preferred dispersant and ionizing radiation curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer are crosslinked or polymerized to form a binder. The anionic group of the dispersant is incorporated. Furthermore, the binder of the high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer has a function in which the anionic group maintains the dispersion state of the inorganic particles, and the crosslinked or polymerized structure imparts a film forming ability to the binder and contains inorganic particles. To improve the physical strength, chemical resistance and weather resistance of the high refractive index layer and medium refractive index layer.

  The binder of the high refractive index layer is added in an amount of 5 to 80% by mass based on the solid content of the coating composition of the layer.

The content of the inorganic particles in the high refractive index layer is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 15 to 80% by mass, and particularly preferably 15 to 75% by mass with respect to the mass of the high refractive index layer. . Two or more kinds of inorganic particles may be used in combination in the high refractive index layer.
When the low refractive index layer is provided on the high refractive index layer, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably higher than the refractive index of the transparent support.
The high refractive index layer contains an ionizing radiation curable compound containing an aromatic ring, an ionizing radiation curable compound containing a halogenated element other than fluorine (for example, Br, I, Cl, etc.), and atoms such as S, N, P, etc. A binder obtained by a crosslinking or polymerization reaction such as an ionizing radiation curable compound can also be preferably used.

  The film thickness of the high refractive index layer can be appropriately designed depending on the application. When using a high refractive index layer as an optical interference layer described later, the thickness is preferably 30 to 200 nm, more preferably 50 to 170 nm, and particularly preferably 60 to 150 nm.

The haze of the high refractive index layer is preferably as low as possible when it does not contain particles that impart an antiglare function. It is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less.
The high refractive index layer is preferably constructed directly on the transparent support or via another layer.

3- (4) Interference unevenness (rainbow unevenness) prevention layer When there is a substantial refractive index difference (refractive index difference of 0.03 or more) between the transparent support and the hard coat layer, or between the transparent support and the antiglare layer, Reflected light is generated at the transparent support / hard coat layer or at the transparent support / antiglare interface. This reflected light interferes with the reflected light on the surface of the antireflection layer, and may cause interference unevenness due to subtle film thickness unevenness of the hard coat layer (or antiglare layer). In order to prevent such interference unevenness, for example, an interference having an intermediate refractive index n _P between the transparent support and the hard coat layer (or antiglare layer) and a film thickness d _P satisfying the following equation: An unevenness prevention layer can also be provided.
d _P = (2N−1) × λ / (4n _P )
Where λ is the wavelength of visible light and any value in the range of 450 to 650 nm, and N is a natural number.

  Moreover, when bonding an antireflection film to an image display etc., an adhesive layer (or adhesive layer) may be laminated | stacked on the side which has not laminated | stacked the antireflection layer of a transparent support body. In such an embodiment, when there is a substantial refractive index difference (0.03 or more) between the transparent support and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (or adhesive layer), the transparent support / pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (or adhesive layer) The reflected light interferes with the reflected light on the surface of the antireflection layer, and the interference unevenness due to the film thickness unevenness of the support or the hard coat layer may occur as described above. For the purpose of preventing such interference unevenness, an interference unevenness preventing layer similar to the above can be provided on the side of the transparent support on which the antireflection layer is not laminated.

  Such an interference non-uniformity prevention layer is described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-345333, and the interference non-uniformity prevention layer introduced here can also be used in the present invention.

3- (5) Easy-Adhesion Layer An easy-adhesion layer can be applied to the film of the present invention. An easy-adhesion layer means the layer which provides the function which makes it easy to adhere | attach a protective film for polarizing plates, its adjacent layer, or a hard-coat layer and a support body, for example.
Examples of the easy adhesion treatment include a treatment of providing an easy adhesion layer on a transparent plastic film with an easy adhesive composed of polyester, acrylic acid ester, polyurethane, polyethyleneimine, silane coupling agent and the like.
Examples of the easy-adhesion layer preferably used in the present technology include a layer containing a polymer compound having a -COOM (M represents a hydrogen atom or a cation) group, and a more preferable embodiment is a film substrate. A layer containing a polymer compound having a —COOM group is provided on the side, and a layer containing a hydrophilic polymer compound as a main component is provided on the polarizing film side adjacent to the layer. Examples of the polymer compound having -COOM group herein include styrene-maleic acid copolymer having -COOM group, vinyl acetate-maleic acid copolymer having -COOM group, and vinyl acetate-maleic acid-maleic anhydride. For example, a vinyl acetate-maleic acid copolymer having a -COOM group is preferably used. These polymer compounds are used alone or in combination of two or more, and the preferred weight average molecular weight is about 500 to 500,000. Particularly preferred examples of the polymer compound having a —COOM group include those described in JP-A-6-094915 and JP-A-7-333436.

The hydrophilic polymer compound is preferably a hydrophilic cellulose derivative (eg, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy cellulose, etc.), a polyvinyl alcohol derivative (eg, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl formal). , Polyvinyl benzal, etc.), natural polymer compounds (eg, gelatin, casein, gum arabic, etc.), hydrophilic polyester derivatives (eg, partially sulfonated polyethylene terephthalate), hydrophilic polyvinyl derivatives (eg, poly -N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyvinylindazole, polyvinylpyrazole and the like), and may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The thickness of the easy adhesion layer is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm. If it is thinner than 0.05 μm, it is difficult to obtain sufficient adhesiveness, and if it is thicker than 1.0 μm, the adhesive effect is saturated.

3- (6) Anti-curl layer The film of the present technology may be subjected to anti-curl processing. Anti-curl processing gives the function of trying to curl with the surface to which it is applied inside, but by applying this processing, some surface processing is performed on one side of the transparent resin film, It works to prevent curling with the surface facing inward when different degrees and types of surface treatment are applied.
The anti-curl layer may be provided on the side opposite to the side having the anti-glare layer or anti-reflection layer of the base material, or for example, an easy-adhesion layer may be coated on one side of the transparent resin film, and the anti-curl processing is performed on the opposite side The mode which coats is mentioned.

  Specific examples of the anti-curl processing include solvent coating, and a method of applying a solvent and a transparent resin layer such as cellulose triacetate, cellulose diacetate, and cellulose acetate propionate. The method using a solvent is specifically performed by applying a composition containing a solvent for dissolving or swelling a cellulose acylate film used as a protective film for a polarizing plate. Accordingly, the coating solution for the layer having a function of preventing curling preferably contains a ketone-based or ester-based organic solvent. Examples of preferable ketone-based organic solvents include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethyl lactate, acetyl acetone, diacetone alcohol, isophorone, ethyl-n-butyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diethyl ketone, di-n-propyl ketone, Examples thereof include methylcyclohexanone, methyl-n-butyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-heptyl ketone, etc. Examples of preferable ester organic solvents include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetic acid Examples include butyl, methyl lactate, and ethyl lactate. However, as a solvent to be used, in addition to a solvent mixture to be dissolved and / or a solvent to be swollen, it may further contain a solvent that does not dissolve, and a composition in which these are mixed at an appropriate ratio depending on the degree of curl of the transparent resin film and the type of resin. This is done using the product and the coating amount. In addition, the anti-curl function is exhibited even if transparent hard processing or antistatic processing is applied.

3- (7) Water Absorbing Layer A water absorbent can be used in the film of the present invention. The water absorbent can be selected from compounds having a water absorption function, mainly alkaline earth metals. Examples thereof include BaO, SrO, CaO, and MgO. Further, it can be selected from metal elements such as Ti, Mg, Ba, and Ca. The particle size of these absorbent particles is preferably 100 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less.
The layer containing these water absorbents may be produced by using a vacuum deposition method or the like as in the above-described barrier layer, or nanoparticles may be produced by various methods. The thickness of the layer is preferably 1 to 100 nm, and more preferably 1 to 10 nm. The layer containing the water absorbent is between the support and the laminate (a laminate of the barrier layer and the organic layer), between the uppermost layer of the laminate, between the laminates, or in the organic layer or barrier layer in the laminate. It may be added. When added to the barrier layer, a co-evaporation method is preferably used.

3- (8) Primer Layer / Inorganic Thin Film Layer In the film of the present invention, the gas barrier property can be enhanced by installing a known primer layer or inorganic thin film layer between the support and the laminate. .
As the primer layer, for example, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, or the like can be used. In the present invention, an organic-inorganic hybrid layer is used as the primer layer, an inorganic vapor deposition layer or a sol is used as the inorganic thin film layer. -A dense inorganic coating thin film by a gel method is preferred. As an inorganic vapor deposition layer, vapor deposition layers, such as a silica, a zirconia, an alumina, are preferable. The inorganic vapor deposition layer can be formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like.

4). Manufacturing Method 4- (1) Treatment Before Application The support used in the present invention is preferably subjected to a surface treatment before application. Specific examples include corona discharge treatment, glow discharge treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, and ultraviolet irradiation treatment. In addition, as described in JP-A-7-333433, it is preferable to provide an undercoat layer.

Furthermore, as a dust removing method used in the dust removing step as a pre-process for application, a method of pressing a nonwoven fabric, a blade or the like on the film surface described in JP-A-59-150571, JP-A-10-309553 A method of blowing the air with high cleanliness described at a high speed to peel off the deposits from the film surface and sucking it with a suction port close to it, blowing compressed air that is ultrasonically vibrated as described in JP-A-7-333613 Examples thereof include a dry dust removing method such as a method for peeling and sucking adhered substances (manufactured by Shinkosha, New Ultra Cleaner, etc.).
In addition, a method of introducing a film into a cleaning tank and peeling off deposits with an ultrasonic vibrator, supplying a cleaning liquid to the film described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-13020, and then blowing and sucking high-speed air As described in JP-A-2001-38306, a wet dust removal method such as a method in which a web is continuously rubbed with a roll wetted with a liquid and then washed by spraying the liquid onto the rubbed surface is used. Can do. Among such dust removal methods, a method using ultrasonic dust removal or a method using wet dust removal is particularly preferable in terms of dust removal effect.
In addition, it is particularly preferable to remove static electricity on the film support before performing such a dust removal step from the viewpoint of increasing dust removal efficiency and suppressing adhesion of dust. As such a static elimination method, a corona discharge ionizer, a light irradiation ionizer such as UV or soft X-ray, or the like can be used. The charged voltage of the film support before and after dust removal and coating is desirably 1000 V or less, preferably 300 V or less, and particularly preferably 100 V or less.

From the viewpoint of maintaining the flatness of the film, the temperature of the cellulose acylate film in these treatments is preferably Tg or less, specifically 150 ° C. or less.
When the cellulose acylate film is adhered to the polarizing film as in the case of using the film of the present invention as a protective film for a polarizing plate, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness to the polarizing film, acid treatment or alkali treatment, that is, cellulose acylate. It is particularly preferred to carry out a saponification treatment on the rate.
From the viewpoint of adhesiveness and the like, the surface energy of the cellulose acylate film is preferably 55 mN / m or more, more preferably 60 mN / m or more and 75 mN / m or less, and it can be adjusted by the surface treatment. .

4- (2) Coating Each layer of the film of the present invention can be formed by the following coating method, but is not limited to this method.
Dip coating method, air knife coating method, curtain coating method, roller coating method, wire bar coating method, gravure coating method or extrusion coating method (die coating method) (see US Pat. No. 2,681,294), micro gravure coating method, etc. Known methods are used, and among them, the micro gravure coating method and the die coating method are preferable.

  The micro gravure coating method used in the present invention is a gravure roll having a diameter of about 10 to 100 mm, preferably about 20 to 50 mm and engraved with a gravure pattern on the entire circumference, below the support and in the transport direction of the support. The gravure roll is rotated in reverse with respect to the gravure roll, the excess coating liquid is scraped off from the surface of the gravure roll by a doctor blade, and a fixed amount of the coating liquid is removed from the support in a position where the upper surface of the support is in a free state. The coating method is characterized in that the coating liquid is transferred onto the lower surface for coating. A roll-shaped transparent support is continuously unwound, and at least one layer of at least one of a hard coat layer or a low refractive index layer containing a fluorine-containing olefin-based polymer is formed on one side of the unwound support. It can be applied by a gravure coating method.

  As coating conditions by the micro gravure coating method, the number of gravure patterns imprinted on the gravure roll is preferably 50 to 800 lines / inch, more preferably 100 to 300 lines / inch, and the depth of the gravure pattern is 1 to 600 μm. Is preferable, 5 to 200 μm is more preferable, the rotation speed of the gravure roll is preferably 3 to 800 rpm, more preferably 5 to 200 rpm, and the conveyance speed of the support is 0.5 to 100 m / min. It is preferably 1 to 50 m / min.

  In order to supply the film of the present invention with high productivity, an extrusion method (die coating method) is preferably used.

4- (3) Saponification treatment When producing a polarizing plate using the film of the present invention as one of the surface protective films of two polarizing films, the surface on the side to be bonded to the polarizing film should be hydrophilized. Thus, it is preferable to improve the adhesion on the bonding surface.

a. Method of immersing in alkaline solution This is a method that saponifies all surfaces that are reactive with alkali on the entire surface of the film by immersing the film in an alkaline solution under appropriate conditions, and does not require special equipment. From the viewpoint of cost. The alkaline liquid is preferably a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. A preferred concentration is 0.5 to 3 mol / L, particularly preferably 1 to 2 mol / L. The liquid temperature of a preferable alkali liquid is 30-75 degreeC, Most preferably, it is 40-60 degreeC.
The combination of the saponification conditions is preferably a combination of relatively mild conditions, but can be set depending on the material and composition of the film and the target contact angle.
After being immersed in the alkaline solution, it is preferable to sufficiently wash with water or neutralize the alkaline component by immersing in a dilute acid so that the alkaline component does not remain in the film.

By saponification treatment, the surface opposite to the surface having the coating layer is hydrophilized. The protective film for polarizing plate is used by adhering the hydrophilic surface of the transparent support to the polarizing film.
The hydrophilized surface is effective for improving the adhesiveness with the adhesive layer mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol.
In the saponification treatment, the lower the contact angle of water on the surface of the transparent support opposite to the side having the coating layer, the better from the viewpoint of adhesion to the polarizing film, but the dipping method has the coating layer at the same time. Since it is damaged by alkali from the surface to the inside, it is important to set the minimum reaction conditions. When the contact angle to water of the transparent support on the opposite surface is used as an index of damage to each layer due to alkali, particularly when the transparent support is triacetylcellulose, preferably 10 to 50 degrees, more preferably Is 30 to 50 degrees, more preferably 40 to 50 degrees. If it is 50 degrees or more, there is a problem in the adhesion to the polarizing film, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it is less than 10 degrees, the film suffers too much damage, which impairs physical strength and is not preferable.

b. Method of applying alkaline solution As a means of avoiding damage to each film in the above-mentioned immersion method, an alkali solution is applied, heated, washed with water, and dried only on the surface opposite to the surface having the coating layer under appropriate conditions. A liquid coating method is preferably used. The application in this case means that an alkaline solution or the like is brought into contact only with the surface to be saponified, and in addition to the application, it may be carried out by spraying or contacting a belt containing the solution. Including. By adopting these methods, a separate facility and process for applying an alkaline solution are required, which is inferior to the immersion method (1) from the viewpoint of cost. On the other hand, since the alkali solution contacts only the surface to be saponified, the opposite surface can have a layer using a material that is weak against the alkali solution. For example, vapor deposition films and sol-gel films have various effects such as corrosion, dissolution, and peeling due to alkali solution, so it is not desirable to use the immersion method. Is possible.

  In any of the saponification methods a and b, since each layer can be formed after being unwound from a roll-shaped support, it may be carried out by a series of operations in addition to the film manufacturing process. Furthermore, the polarizing plate can be produced more efficiently than the same operation with a single wafer by continuously performing the pasting step with the polarizing plate made of the unwound support.

c. Method of saponification by protecting with a laminate film As in the case of b above, when the coating layer is insufficient in resistance to an alkaline solution, the laminate film is bonded to the surface on which the final layer is formed after the final layer is formed. Then, only the triacetyl cellulose surface opposite to the surface on which the final layer is formed is hydrophilized by dipping in an alkaline solution, and then the laminate film can be peeled off. Even in this method, the hydrophilic treatment necessary for the polarizing plate protective film can be applied only to the surface opposite to the surface on which the final layer of the triacetyl cellulose film is formed without damaging the coating layer. Compared with the method b, there is an advantage that a laminating film is generated as waste, but a device for applying a special alkaline solution is unnecessary.

d. Method of immersing in alkaline solution after forming up to middle layer Although resistant to alkaline solution up to lower layer, but insufficient resistance to alkaline solution of upper layer, dip into alkaline solution after forming up to lower layer to make both sides hydrophilic The upper layer can also be formed after processing. Although the manufacturing process is complicated, for example, in a film composed of an antiglare layer and a low refractive index layer of a fluorine-containing sol-gel film, when there is a hydrophilic group, the interlayer adhesion between the antiglare layer and the low refractive index layer is improved. There are advantages to doing.

e. Method of forming a coating layer on a pre-saponified triacetyl cellulose film Saponification of the triacetyl cellulose film by immersing it in an alkaline solution in advance, and forming a coating layer directly on one side or via another layer May be. In the case of saponification by dipping in an alkaline solution, the interlayer adhesion with the triacetyl cellulose surface hydrophilized by saponification may deteriorate. In such a case, after saponification, only the surface on which the coating layer is to be formed is treated by corona discharge, glow discharge or the like to remove the hydrophilic surface and then form the coating layer. Further, when the coating layer has a hydrophilic group, the interlayer adhesion may be good.

4- (4) Production of Polarizing Film The film of the present invention can be used as a polarizing film and a protective film disposed on one side or both sides thereof, and can be used as a polarizing film.
As one protective film, the film of the present invention is used. The other protective film may be a normal cellulose acetate film, but is produced by the above-mentioned solution casting method and at a stretch ratio of 10 to 100%. It is preferable to use a cellulose acetate film stretched in the width direction in the form of a roll film.
Furthermore, in the polarizing plate of the present invention, it is preferable that one side is an antireflection film, whereas the other protective film is an optical compensation film having an optically anisotropic layer made of a liquid crystalline compound.

Examples of the polarizing film include an iodine polarizing film, a dye polarizing film using a dichroic dye, and a polyene polarizing film. The iodine polarizing film and the dye polarizing film are generally produced using a polyvinyl alcohol film.
The transparent support of the antireflection film and the slow axis of the cellulose acetate film and the transmission axis of the polarizing film are arranged so as to be substantially parallel.

The moisture permeability of the protective film is important for the productivity of the polarizing plate. The polarizing film and the protective film are bonded together with an aqueous adhesive, and the adhesive solvent is dried by diffusing in the protective film. The higher the moisture permeability of the protective film, the faster the drying and the higher the productivity. However, if the protective film is too high, moisture will enter the polarizing film depending on the usage environment (high humidity) of the liquid crystal display device. Polarization ability decreases.
The moisture permeability of the protective film is determined by the thickness, free volume, hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, etc. of the transparent support or polymer film (and polymerizable liquid crystal compound).
When using the film of the present invention as a protective film of a polarizing plate, the moisture permeability is preferably from 100~1000g ^/ m 2 · 24hrs, and more preferably a 300~700g ^/ m 2 · 24hrs.
In the case of film formation, the thickness of the transparent support can be adjusted by lip flow rate and line speed, or stretching and compression. Since the moisture permeability varies depending on the main material to be used, it is possible to make a preferable range by adjusting the thickness.
In the case of film formation, the free volume of the transparent support can be adjusted by the drying temperature and time.
Also in this case, moisture permeability varies depending on the main material to be used, so that a preferable range can be obtained by adjusting the free volume.
The hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity of the transparent support can be adjusted by an additive. The moisture permeability can be increased by adding a hydrophilic additive to the free volume, and conversely, the moisture permeability can be lowered by adding a hydrophobic additive.
By independently controlling the moisture permeability, a polarizing plate having an optical compensation ability can be manufactured at low cost with high productivity.

As the polarizing film, a known polarizing film or a polarizing film cut out from a long polarizing film whose absorption axis is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be used. A long polarizing film whose absorption axis is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is produced by the following method.
That is, a polarizing film stretched by applying tension while holding both ends of a continuously supplied polymer film by a holding means, stretched at least 1.1 to 20.0 times in the film width direction, The progress of the film is such that the difference between the moving speeds in the longitudinal direction of the holding device is within 3%, and the angle formed by the film moving direction at the exit of the step of holding both ends of the film and the substantial stretching direction of the film is inclined by 20 to 70 °. The film can be produced by a stretching method in which the direction is bent while holding both ends of the film. In particular, those inclined by 45 ° are preferably used from the viewpoint of productivity.

The method for stretching the polymer film is described in detail in paragraphs 0020 to 0030 of JP-A-2002-86554.
Of the two protective films of the polarizer, the film other than the antireflection film is preferably an optical compensation film having an optical compensation layer comprising an optically anisotropic layer. The optical compensation film (retardation film) can improve the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display screen.
A known film can be used as the optical compensation film, but the optical compensation film described in JP-A-2001-100042 is preferable in terms of widening the viewing angle.

5. Use Form 5- (1) Polarizing Plate of the Present Invention The polarizing plate of the present invention is a polarizing plate having a polarizing film and protective films provided on both sides of the polarizing film, at least one of the protective films being The optical film of the present invention (preferably an antireflection film). As described above, the protective film has a contact angle with water of 10 to 50 degrees on the surface of the transparent support opposite to the side having the light scattering layer and antireflection layer, that is, the surface to be bonded to the polarizing film. It is preferable that it exists in the range. For example, an adhesive layer can be provided on one side of the optical film of the present invention and disposed on the outermost surface of the display. The optical film of the present invention is preferably used for at least one of the two protective films sandwiching the polarizing film in the polarizing plate from both sides.

5- (2) Image Display Device The optical film or polarizing plate of the present invention is an image of a liquid crystal display device (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an electroluminescence display (ELD), a cathode ray tube display device (CRT) or the like. It can be used for a display device. It is preferable to have the optical film or polarizing plate of this invention in the visual recognition side of the display screen of an image display apparatus.

5- (3) Liquid Crystal Display Device The optical film or polarizing plate of the present invention is particularly preferably used for the outermost layer of a display such as a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal cell and two polarizing plates arranged on both sides thereof, and the liquid crystal cell carries a liquid crystal between two electrode substrates. Furthermore, one optically anisotropic layer may be disposed between the liquid crystal cell and one polarizing plate, or two optically anisotropic layers may be disposed between the liquid crystal cell and both polarizing plates.

  The liquid crystal cell is preferably in TN mode, VA mode, OCB mode, IPS mode or ECB mode.

<TN mode>
In the TN mode liquid crystal cell, rod-like liquid crystal molecules are substantially horizontally aligned when no voltage is applied, and are twisted and aligned at 60 to 120 °.
The TN mode liquid crystal cell is most frequently used as a color TFT liquid crystal display device, and is described in many documents.

<VA mode>
In a VA mode liquid crystal cell, rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied.
The VA mode liquid crystal cell includes (1) a narrowly defined VA mode liquid crystal cell in which rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied, and substantially horizontally when a voltage is applied (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 2-). 176625) (2) Liquid crystal cell (SID97, Digest of Tech. Papers (Proceedings) 28 (1997) 845 in which the VA mode is converted into a multi-domain (for MVA mode) in order to enlarge the viewing angle. ), (3) A liquid crystal cell in a mode (n-ASM mode) in which rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are substantially vertically aligned when no voltage is applied and twisted multi-domain alignment is applied when a voltage is applied (Preliminary collections 58-59 of the Japan Liquid Crystal Society) (1998)) and (4) SURVAVAL mode liquid crystal cells (announced at LCD International 98).

<OCB mode>
The OCB mode liquid crystal cell is a bend alignment mode liquid crystal cell in which rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are aligned in substantially opposite directions (symmetrically) at the upper and lower portions of the liquid crystal cell. US Pat. No. 4,583,825, No. 5,410,422. Since the rod-like liquid crystal molecules are symmetrically aligned at the upper and lower portions of the liquid crystal cell, the bend alignment mode liquid crystal cell has a self-optical compensation function. Therefore, this liquid crystal mode is called an OCB (Optically Compensatory Bend) liquid crystal mode. The bend alignment mode liquid crystal display device has an advantage of high response speed.

<IPS mode>
The IPS mode liquid crystal cell is a type in which a nematic liquid crystal is switched by applying a lateral electric field. IDRC (Asia Display '95), p. 577-580 and p. 707-710.

<ECB mode>
In an ECB mode liquid crystal cell, rod-like liquid crystalline molecules are substantially horizontally aligned when no voltage is applied. The ECB mode is one of the liquid crystal display modes having the simplest structure, and is described in detail in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-203946.

5- (4) Display other than liquid crystal display device <PDP>
A plasma display panel (PDP) is generally composed of a gas, a glass substrate, an electrode, an electrode lead material, a thick film printing material, and a phosphor. Two glass substrates are a front glass substrate and a rear glass substrate. An electrode and an insulating layer are formed on the two glass substrates. A phosphor layer is further formed on the rear glass substrate. Two glass substrates are assembled and gas is sealed between them.
Plasma display panels (PDP) are already commercially available. The plasma display panel is described in JP-A-5-205643 and JP-A-9-306366.

The front plate may be disposed on the front surface of the plasma display panel. The front plate preferably has sufficient strength to protect the plasma display panel. The front plate can be used with a gap from the plasma display panel, or can be used by directly pasting the front plate to the plasma display body.
In an image display device such as a plasma display panel, an optical filter can be directly attached to the display surface. When a front plate is provided in front of the display, an optical filter can be attached to the front side (outside) or the back side (display side) of the front plate.

<Touch panel>
The film of the present invention can be applied to touch panels described in JP-A-5-127822 and JP-A-2002-48913.

<Organic EL device>
The film of the present invention can be used as a substrate (base film) such as an organic EL element or a protective film.
When the film of the present invention is used for an organic EL device or the like, JP-A-11-335661, JP-A-11-335368, JP-A-2001-192651, JP-A-2001-192652, JP-A-2001-192653, JP-A-2001-335776, JP-A-2001-247859, JP-A-2001-181616, JP-A-2001-181617, JP-A-2002-181816, JP-A-2002-181617, JP-A-2002-056776, etc. The contents described in each publication can be applied. Moreover, it is preferable to use together with the content of each gazette of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-148291, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-221916, and Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-231443.

6). Various characteristic values Various measurement methods related to the present invention and preferable characteristic values are shown below.
6- (1) Reflectance Specular reflectance and color are measured by attaching an adapter “ARV-474” to a spectrophotometer “V-550” [manufactured by JASCO Corporation] and a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm. In the region, it is possible to measure the specular reflectivity at an exit angle of -5 ° at an incident angle of 5 °, calculate an average reflectivity of 450 to 650 nm, and evaluate the antireflection property.
The antireflection film of the present invention preferably has a specular reflectance of 2.0% or less and a transmittance of 90% or more because reflection of external light can be suppressed and visibility is improved. The specular reflectance is particularly preferably 1.5% or less.

6- (2) Scratch resistance <Steel wool scratch resistance evaluation>
By using a rubbing tester and carrying out a rubbing test under the following conditions, it can be used as an index of scratch resistance.
Evaluation environmental conditions: 25 ° C., 60% RH
Rubbing material: Steel wool (Nippon Steel Wool Co., Ltd., gelled No. 0000)
Wrap around the tip (1cm x 1cm) of the scraper of the tester that comes into contact with the sample, and fix the band.
Travel distance (one way): 13cm
Rubbing speed: 13 cm / sec Load: 500 g / cm ²
Tip contact area: 1 cm x 1 cm
Number of rubs: 10 and 15 reciprocation The oily black ink is applied to the back side of the rubbed sample, and the scratches on the rubbed part are visually observed with reflected light, or evaluated by the difference in the amount of reflected light other than the rubbed part.

<Evaluation of scratch resistance of steel wool after ozone exposure>
The scratch resistance after the elapse of time can be evaluated by a steel wool rubbing test on the surface of the antireflection film after being exposed to 10 ppm of ozone for 192 hours.
Each sample is processed into a polarizing plate, stored in an environment of ozone 10 ppm, 30 ° C., 60% RH for 192 hours (8 days), and then taken out into the atmosphere. These samples are evaluated according to the steel wool scratch resistance evaluation.

6- (3) Antifouling test <Magic wiping durability>
The film is fixed on the glass surface with an adhesive, and a circle with a diameter of 5 mm is written three times with a pen tip (thin) of black magic “Mckey extra fine (product name: made by ZEBRA)” at 25 ° C. and 60 RH%. After 5 seconds, wipe it back and forth 20 times with a load that dents the bundle of Bencot (Brand name, Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) folded into 10 sheets. The writing and wiping are repeated under the above conditions until after the magic does not disappear by wiping, and the antifouling property can be evaluated by the number of times of wiping.
The number of times until it no longer disappears is preferably 5 times or more, and more preferably 10 times or more.

  For Black Magic, Magic Ink No. 700 (M700-T1 black) Using an ultra-fine sample, draw a circle with a diameter of 1 cm on the sample, paint it, rub it with Bencott (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) after standing for 24 hours, and evaluate whether the magic is wiped off. .

<Evaluation of surface shape>
Based on JIS B-0601-1994, the shape of the surface of the optical film is calculated based on the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface irregularities and the average interval (Sm) of the surface irregularities by a two-dimensional roughness meter “SJ-” manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation. It can be evaluated by the 400 "type. The value of Ra is preferably 0.01 to 0.30 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 0.20 μm, still more preferably 0.01 to 0.15 μm, and most preferably 0.01 to 0.10 μm. It is. The value of Sm is preferably 30 to 200 μm, more preferably 50 to 150 μm. If Ra exceeds 0.30, problems such as glare and whitening of the surface when external light is reflected occur.

(Haze)
The surface haze and internal haze of the present invention will be described in detail.
[1] The total haze value (H) of the film obtained according to JIS-K7136 is measured.
[2] A few drops of silicone oil are added to the front and back surfaces of the optical film, and two glass sheets (micro slide glass product number S 9111, manufactured by MATSANAMI) with a thickness of 1 mm are sandwiched from the front and back to completely A value obtained by measuring the haze in a state where the glass plate and the obtained film are optically adhered and the surface haze is removed, and subtracting the haze measured by sandwiching only silicone oil between two separately measured glass plates. Was calculated as the internal haze (Hi) of the film.
[3] A value obtained by subtracting the internal haze (Hi) calculated in [2] from the total haze (H) measured in [1] above is calculated as the surface haze (Hs) of the film.

  The haze caused by surface scattering of the optical film of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as surface haze) is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 6% or less, and further preferably 3% or less. preferable.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following Examples and Synthesis Examples,% represents mass% unless otherwise specified.

(Preparation of sol solution a)
A stirrer, a reactor equipped with a reflux condenser, 120 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 100 parts of acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-5103, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), 3 parts of diisopropoxyaluminum ethyl acetoacetate were added and mixed. Thereafter, 30 parts of ion-exchanged water was added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 4 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain sol solution a. The mass average molecular weight was 1600, and among the components higher than the oligomer component, the component having a molecular weight of 1000 to 20000 was 100%. Further, from the gas chromatography analysis, the raw material acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane did not remain at all. A sol solution a was prepared with methyl ethyl ketone so that the solid content concentration was 29%.

(Preparation of sol liquid b)
In a reactor equipped with a stirrer and a reflux condenser, 80 parts of acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 20 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-13, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), 3 parts of diisopropoxyaluminum ethyl acetoacetate After mixing, 3 parts of ion-exchanged water was added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 60 minutes. The mass average molecular weight was 800, and among the components higher than the oligomer component, the component having a molecular weight of 1000 to 20000 was 30%. From the gas chromatography analysis, the raw materials acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane had a residual rate of 10% or less.

[Preparation of particles with pores inside]
(Preparation of Dispersion B-1)
The preparation conditions were changed from Preparation Example 4 of JP-A-2002-79616 to prepare silica fine particles having cavities inside. In the final step, the solvent was replaced with methanol from the aqueous dispersion state to obtain a 20% silica dispersion, and particles having an average particle diameter of 45 nm, a shell thickness of about 7 nm, and a refractive index of silica particles of 1.30 were obtained. This is designated as dispersion (A-1).

  After adding 15 parts of acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1.5 parts of diisopropoxyaluminum ethyl acetate to 500 parts of the dispersion (A-1), 9 parts of ion-exchanged water were added. After reacting at 60 ° C. for 8 hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1.8 parts of acetylacetone was added. The solvent was replaced by distillation under reduced pressure while adding MEK so that the total liquid volume was almost constant. Finally, a dispersion B-1 was prepared by adjusting the solid content to 20%.

(Preparation of dispersion B-2)
The conditions at the time of preparation of the dispersion (A-1) were changed to produce silica fine particles having cavities inside. In the final step, the solvent was replaced with methanol from the aqueous dispersion to obtain a 20% silica dispersion, and particles having an average particle diameter of 80 nm, a shell thickness of about 7 nm, and a refractive index of silica particles of 1.19 were obtained. This is designated as dispersion (A-2).

  After adding 15 parts of acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1.5 parts of diisopropoxyaluminum ethyl acetate to 500 parts of the dispersion (A-2), 9 parts of ion-exchanged water were added. After reacting at 60 ° C. for 8 hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1.8 parts of acetylacetone was added. The solvent was replaced by distillation under reduced pressure while adding MEK so that the total liquid volume was almost constant. Finally, a dispersion B-2 was prepared by adjusting the solid content to 20%.

(Preparation of Dispersion B-3)
The conditions at the time of preparation of the dispersion (A-1) were changed to produce silica fine particles having cavities inside. In the final step, the solvent was replaced with methanol from the aqueous dispersion state to obtain a 20% silica dispersion, and particles having an average particle diameter of 35 nm, a shell thickness of about 6 nm, and a silica particle refractive index of 1.33 were obtained. This is designated as dispersion (A-3).

  After adding 15 parts of acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1.5 parts of diisopropoxyaluminum ethyl acetate to 500 parts of the dispersion (A-3), 9 parts of ion-exchanged water were added. After reacting at 60 ° C. for 8 hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and 1.8 parts of acetylacetone was added. The solvent was replaced by distillation under reduced pressure while adding MEK so that the total liquid volume was almost constant. Finally, a dispersion B-3 was prepared by adjusting the solid content to 20%.

Example 1
[Preparation of antireflection film]
[Preparation of coating solution for low refractive index layer (Ln-1 to Ln-22)]
Each component was mixed as shown in the table and dissolved in MEK to prepare a coating solution for a low refractive index layer having a solid content of 6%.
In the table below, the coating solution NO. Ln-1 to Ln-5, Ln-9 to Ln-12, Ln-15, Ln-16, and Ln-22 shall be read as "reference example" as "present invention".

The material names, product names, etc. in the above table are as follows. In addition, the numerical value in the said table | surface represents the mass part of solid content of each component.
Comparative compound: (Fluorine-containing compound, (M1-1) / (MA-33) / EVE 50/20/30 molar ratio copolymer, 2.7% by mass of VPS-1001) Mass average molecular weight 30000 )
“MEK-ST-L”: colloidal silica average particle size of about 50 nm manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
“Cymel 303”: methylolated melamine manufactured by Nippon Cytec Industries, Ltd. “Catalyst 4050”: curing catalyst manufactured by Nippon Cytec Industries, Inc. “I1”: Compound 1
PM980M: (photo radical generator, polymerization initiator PM980M, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
“IRG369”: Photoradical generator from Ciba Specialty Chemicals

(Preparation of coating liquid for hard coat layer (HCL-1))
90 parts by mass of MEK, 10 parts by mass of cyclohexanone, 85 parts by mass of partially caprolactone-modified polyfunctional acrylate (DPCA-20, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), KBM-5103 (silane coupling agent: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts by mass) and 5 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 184, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.) were added and stirred. It filtered with the polypropylene filter with the hole diameter of 0.4 micrometer, and prepared the coating liquid (HCL-1) for hard-coat layers.

[Preparation of antireflection film sample 1]
An 80 μm-thick triacetyl cellulose film “TAC-TD80U” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) is unwound in the form of a roll, and the hard coat layer coating solution (HCL-1) is directly applied to the 180-wire film. Using a micro gravure roll with a diameter of 50 mm and a doctor blade having a gravure pattern with a depth of 40 μm and a doctor blade, it was applied at a gravure roll rotational speed of 30 rpm and a conveying speed of 30 m / min, and dried at 60 ° C. for 150 seconds. Furthermore, using an “air-cooled metal halide lamp” {manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) with an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume under a nitrogen purge, ultraviolet rays having an irradiance of 400 mW / cm ² and an irradiation amount of 50 mJ / cm ² are emitted. The coating layer was cured by irradiation to form a 5.0 μm thick layer and wound up. In this way, a hard coat layer (HC-1) was obtained.

  On the hard coat layer (HC-1) thus obtained, the low refractive index layer coating liquid Ln-1 is used to adjust the thickness of the low refractive index layer to 95 nm. An antireflection film sample 1 was prepared by a gravure coating method.

The curing conditions for forming the low refractive index layer are shown below.
(1) Drying: 80 ° C. to 120 seconds (2) Curing: 110 ° C.—10 minutes (3) UV curing: 60 ° C.—1 minute, purged with nitrogen so that the atmosphere has an oxygen concentration of 0.01% by volume or less. with 240 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (manufactured by eye graphics Co.) while illuminance 120 mW / cm ^2, and the irradiation amount of dose 480 mJ / cm ^2.

[Preparation of antireflection films 2 to 22]
In the production of the antireflective film, the compositions of the low refractive index layer coating liquids (Ln-2) to (Ln-16) were prepared using the low refractive index layer coating liquid (Ln-1). Curing was performed under the same curing conditions as Sample 1. Compositions of the low refractive index layer coating solutions (Ln-17) to (Ln-22) were cured under the curing conditions shown below.

The curing conditions for forming the low refractive index layer are shown below.
(1) Drying: 80 ° C.-120 seconds (2) UV curing: 60 ° C.—1 minute, 240 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (eye) while purging with nitrogen so that the oxygen concentration is 0.01% by volume or less. using graphics Co.), illuminance 120 mW / cm ^2, and the irradiation amount of dose 480 mJ / cm ^2.

[Saponification treatment of antireflection film]
The obtained antireflection film was treated and dried under the following saponification standard conditions.
Alkaline bath: 1.5 mol / dm ³ aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 55 ° C. for 120 seconds.
First washing bath: tap water, 60 seconds.
Neutralization bath: 0.05 mol / dm ³ sulfuric acid, 30 ° C. for 20 seconds.
Second washing bath: tap water, 60 seconds.
Drying: 120 ° C., 60 seconds.

[Evaluation of antireflection film]
The following evaluation was performed using the saponified antireflection film thus obtained.
(Evaluation 1) Measurement of average reflectance An average reflectance of 450 to 650 nm was used by the method described in the present text. As for the sample processed into the polarizing plate, the polarizing plate type is used as it is, and in the case of a display device that does not use the film itself or the polarizing plate, the back surface of the antireflection film is roughened and then blackened. Were subjected to light absorption treatment (transmittance at 380 to 780 nm was less than 10%) and measured on a black table.

(Evaluation 2) Evaluation of scratch resistance on steel wool The oily black ink was applied to the back side of the sample which had been tested and rubbed and visually observed with reflected light, and scratches on the rubbed part were evaluated according to the following criteria. . The load was 500 g / cm ² and the number of times was 10 reciprocations.
◎: Even if you look carefully, no scratches are visible.
○: Slightly weak scratches can be seen when looking carefully.
○ △: Weak scratches are visible.
Δ: Medium scratches are visible.
X: There is a scratch that can be seen at first glance.

(Evaluation 3) Magic Wiping Durability Durability was tested by the method described in the text, and the number of times until the magic did not disappear was obtained. The number of times until it no longer disappears is preferably 5 times or more, and more preferably 10 times or more.

(Evaluation 4) SW scratch resistance evaluation after exposure to ozone The following tests were conducted to evaluate the scratch resistance after time. Each sample was processed into a polarizing plate, stored in an environment of ozone 10 ppm, 30 ° C., 60% RH for 192 hours (8 days), and then taken out into the atmosphere. These samples were subjected to the steel wool scratch resistance test described in the text, and visually observed with reflected light, and scratches on the rubbing portion were evaluated according to the following criteria. The load was 10 reciprocations 500 g / cm ² times.
◎: Even if you look carefully, no scratches are visible.
○: Slightly weak scratches can be seen when looking carefully.
○ △: Weak scratches are visible.
Δ: Medium scratches are visible.
X: There is a scratch that can be seen at first glance.

The evaluation results based on the above evaluation method are shown in the following table.
In the table below, sample No. 1 to 5, 9 to 12, 15, 16, and 22 shall be read as “reference example” as “present invention”.

As is clear from this example, the antireflective film using the polymer of the present invention having a fluorine content of more than 40%, the compound having a (meth) acryloyl group and inorganic fine particles and comprising the constituent components of the present invention has Further, it can be seen that the reflectivity is low, and the SW rub resistance, magic wiping durability, and scratch resistance after exposure to ozone are excellent.
The antireflective film having a low refractive index layer containing a fluorine compound has a refractive index and a reflectivity that decrease with an increase in the fluorine content. When a compound having a fluorine content of less than 40% is used, the refractive index is the upper limit. (Comparison of samples 1, 11, 13, and 14). In addition, the use of fine particles improves the magic wiping durability and the scratch resistance after ozone exposure, and it is clear that the use of a compound having a (meth) acryloyl group and a photoinitiator is more effective (sample) Comparison of 1 to 7) Further, it is understood that the antireflection performance is greatly improved by using a fluoropolymer having a fluorine content of 40% or more and fine particles having pores therein. (Comparison of Samples 1-5, 9-14 and 8)

(Example 2)
Low-refractive-index layer coating liquids Ln23, Ln24, and Ln25 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the photoinitiator type was changed to Irg184, Irg907, and Irg369 in the low-refractive-index layer coating liquid Ln1. After applying a low refractive index layer on HC-1 under the same conditions as antireflection film 1 using coating liquids Ln1, 23, 24, and 25, saponification was performed to obtain antireflection films 23 to 26.
In addition, in the production of the antireflection film 1 using the coating solution Ln1 for the low refractive index layer of Example 1, curing, saponification and reflection were performed under the same conditions except that the temperature during UV curing was changed to 30 ° C. and 90 ° C. Prevention films 27 and 28 were obtained.

[Evaluation of antireflection film]
Using the saponified antireflection film thus obtained, the average reflectance, steel wool scratch resistance, magic wiping durability, and SW scratch resistance after exposure to ozone were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Regarding the SW scratch resistance after exposure to ozone, evaluation was also performed with the number of rubs being 15 reciprocations. The evaluation results are shown in the following table.
In the table below, sample No. 23 to 28 shall be read as “reference example” as “present invention”.

  Comparison of samples 23 to 26 from this example shows that the scratch resistance is improved by using a photoinitiator having a large molecular weight. Further, comparing Samples 23, 27, and 28, it can be seen that the film strength can be further increased by increasing the temperature during photocuring, and the scratch resistance is improved.

(Example 3)
Preparation of HC layer coating solution

(Composition of hard coat layer coating solution HCL-2)
PETA 40wt%
DPHA 35wt%
Irgacure 184 3wt%
MX-600 12wt%
KBM-5103 10wt%
Solid content concentration 30wt%
MIBK / MEK 90/10

(Composition of hard coat layer coating solution HCL-3)
PETA 40wt%
DPHA 38.5wt%
Irgacure 184 3wt%
SX-350 5.5wt%
Cross-linked acrylic-styrene particles 3wt%
KBM-5103 10wt%
Solid content concentration 30wt%
MIBK / MEK 90/10

(Composition of hard coat layer coating solution HCL-4)
PETA 40wt%
DPHA 31wt%
Irgacure 184 3wt%
SX-350 10wt%
Cross-linked acrylic-styrene particles 5.5wt%
KBM-5103 10wt%
Solid content concentration 30wt%
MIBK / MEK 90/10

The said structural component is shown by the mass percentage of solid content. Details of the compounds used are shown below.
PETA: A mixture of pentaerythritol triacrylate and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. DPHA: A mixture of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. KBM-5103: Organosilane compound Shin-Etsu Irgacure 184 manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Polymerization initiator Ciba-Geigy Corporation SX-350: 3.5 μm crosslinked polystyrene particles Crosslinked acrylic-styrene particles manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd .: 3.5 μm crosslinked acrylic styrene particles Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. MX-600: 6 μm cross-linked PMMA particles Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. MIBK: Methyl isobutyl ketone MEK: Methyl ethyl ketone

  In the production of the hard coat (HC-1) of Example 1, the hard coat (HCL-1) was changed to the above (HCL-2) to (HCL-4) in the same manner. HC-2) to (HC-4) were prepared. On these hard coats (HC-1) to (HC-4), the coating solutions for low refractive index layer (Ln-1) and (Ln-17) of Example 1 are applied to prevent reflection of Example 1. The film was cured and saponified in the same manner as the film 1 to prepare an antireflection film.

[Evaluation of antireflection film]
The following evaluation was performed using the saponified antireflection film thus obtained.

(Evaluation 1) Measurement of average reflectance Measurement was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Evaluation 2) Evaluation of surface shape Based on JIS B-0601-1994, the surface roughness of the obtained film was calculated by calculating the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface irregularities with a two-dimensional roughness meter “SJ-” manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation. Evaluation was made with a 400 "mold. However, Ra was set to a measurement length of 4 μm.

(Evaluation 3) Haze Total haze (H), internal haze (Hi), and surface haze (Hs) of the obtained film were measured by the following measurements.
[1] The total haze value (H) of the film obtained according to JIS-K7136 was measured.
[2] A few drops of silicone oil are added to the front and back surfaces of the obtained optical film, and two glass plates having a thickness of 1 mm (micro slide glass product number S 9111, manufactured by MATSUNAMI) are sandwiched from the front and back to completely Two glass plates and the obtained film were optically adhered, and the haze was measured with the surface haze removed, and the haze measured by sandwiching only silicone oil between two separately measured glass plates. The subtracted value was calculated as the internal haze (Hi) of the film.
[3] A value obtained by subtracting the internal haze (Hi) calculated in [2] from the total haze (H) measured in [1] above was calculated as the surface haze (Hs) of the film.

(Evaluation 4) Reflection A polarizing plate having a smooth surface was bonded to the front and back surfaces of a glass plate having a thickness of 1 mm (micro slide glass product number S 9111, manufactured by MATSANAMI) in a crossed Nicol state. A sample piece for measurement was prepared by attaching the support surface of the optical film of the present invention to the one surface of the glass plate with an adhesive sheet. Under the bright room, the sample pieces were separated from each other by about 30 cm and looked from an angle of 0 degrees, and the degree of reflection of their face was evaluated according to the following criteria.
My face is not reflected at all: ◎
My face appears weak, but I don't mind ： ○
My face is reflected and I am worried: △
My face is reflected strongly: ×

(Evaluation 5) As in the case of reflection measurement of the feeling of black tightening (Evaluation 4), a polarizing plate and the obtained film were bonded to a glass plate to prepare a sample. In the dark room, a bare fluorescent lamp (8000 cd / m ² ) without a louver is projected on the film side above the sample from an angle of 60 degrees above, and the state of the entire surface blackness (black tightness) when viewed from the front is as follows: Evaluation based on the criteria. The evaluation results are shown in the following table.
Very good black tightness: ◎
Black tightness is good: ○
Black tightness is a little inferior: △
Black tightness is not preferred: ×

In the above table, sample No. 29-32 shall read "reference example" to "present invention".
From the results shown in the above table, the antireflection film obtained by the present invention is excellent in the performance of preventing the reflection of an image due to reflection of external light, and the entire surface is brightened by the surface scattering (white blurring). ), And it was found to be excellent in blackness. In particular, the samples 30 and 34 were found to be very excellent in both the reflection preventing performance and the blackness.

Example 4
In the sample of Example 1, an antireflection film using an antireflection film in which the film thickness of the support used was changed to 40 μm and a PET film with an optical easy-adhesion layer, Toyobo Co., Ltd. Cosmo Shine A4300 was produced. As a result of evaluation according to Example 1, almost the same result as Example 1 was obtained.

(Example 5)
In the antireflection film (19) of Example 1, an antireflection film was prepared by adding 1% by mass of radically polymerizable silicone RMS-033 (trade name; manufactured by Gelest) to the solid content of the low refractive index layer. . Further, in the antireflection film (1) of Example 1, an antireflection film obtained by adding 1% by mass of a hydroxyl group-containing silicone silaplane FM-4425 (trade name; manufactured by Chisso Corporation) to the solid content of the low refractive index layer is used. Produced. As a result of evaluating these antireflection films, it was confirmed that they were low in reflection and excellent in scratch resistance, and it was found that fingerprint adhesion was reduced and fingerprint mark wiping property was improved.

(Example 6)
[Mounting evaluation of antireflection film]
The protective film on the surface of the transmissive liquid crystal display device of TN, IPS, VA, OCB, ECB mode was peeled off, and the saponified antireflection film of Examples 1 and 2 was attached. As a result of evaluating the liquid crystal image display device thus manufactured, it was confirmed that a display device having low reflection and excellent visibility and scratch resistance could be manufactured.

(Example 7)
When the antireflection film samples of Examples 1 to 3 were bonded to the glass plate on the surface of the organic EL display device via an adhesive, reflection on the glass surface was suppressed, and a display device with high visibility was obtained. It was.

(Example 8)
[Preparation of antireflection film]
[Preparation of coating solution for low refractive index layer (Ln-26 to Ln-38)]
Each component was mixed as shown in Table 7 and dissolved in MEK to prepare a coating solution for a low refractive index layer having a solid content of 6%.
Using the above coating liquids (Ln26 to Ln38), the low refractive index layer film thickness is adjusted to 95 nm on the hard coat layer (HC-1) of Example 1, and antireflection by the microgravure coating method. Film samples 37-49 were prepared. The same curing conditions as those of the antireflection films 17 to 22 were adopted except that the UV light irradiation amount was 120 mJ / cm ² .

The evaluation results are shown in Table 8 below.
In Table 7 below, the coating solution NO. For Ln-26, “present invention” is read as “reference example”.
In Table 8 below, sample NO. 37, “the present invention” is read as “reference example”.

  In the above table, V # 1000, M-8030, EB-5129 and UN-3320HS are the above-mentioned polyfunctional acrylate compounds having a (meth) acryloyl group.

  As is clear from this example, the use of the component (C) of the present invention in combination with a polymer having a high fluorine content and hollow silica not only improves the scratch resistance but also prevents it. It can be seen that the dirtiness is greatly improved.

Claims (16)

An optical film having, as an outermost layer, a layer formed by coating a coating composition on a support, the coating composition containing the following (A) , (B) and (C) , and An optical film in which the refractive index of the outermost layer is in the range of 1.20 to 1.38.
(A) a fluorine-containing compound having a fluorine content of 40% by mass or more ,
Containing a component having a (meth) acryloyl group in a molar fraction of 15% to 30%,
A component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-1], and a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-2],
Containing a component polymerized from a monomer represented by the following general formula [1-3] in a range of 10% to 50% by mole fraction,
Containing a polysiloxane repeating unit represented by the following general formula 2 in the main chain,
Fluorine-containing compound having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000
Formula _{[1-1] CF 2 = CF-} Rf1
Formula _{[1-2] CF 2 = CF-} ORf12
Formula _{[1-3] CH 2 = CH-} ORf13
(Wherein Rf1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Rf12 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and Rf13 represents a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms)
General formula 2

(Wherein R ^1, R ² may be the same or different and represent an alkyl group or an aryl group, p is an integer of 2 to 500.)
(B) Hollow silica fine particles having a particle size of 5 nm to 120 nm
(C) Compound having a plurality of (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the coating composition further contains void-free silica particles having a particle size of 30 nm or more and 150 nm or less. The optical film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein (A) has a hydroxyl group.   The optical film according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine content of (A) is 45% or more. The optical film of at least one of the hollow silica fine particles according to claim 1 which is less fine 100nm or more particle size 40nm of said (B). The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 5 refractive index of at least one particle of the hollow silica fine particles is 1.15 or more 1.30 or less of the (B). The optical film according to claim 1 wherein (C) is, with organosiloxane structure. Wherein (C) The optical film according to any one of claims 1-7 having fluorine. The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the coating composition further comprises (D) a compound containing a plurality of functional groups capable of forming a chemical bond with the fluorine-containing compound (A) in one molecule. . The optical film according to claim 9 , wherein (D) is an aminoplast. The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said coating composition further contains (E) a polymerization initiator. The optical film according to claim 11 , wherein the polymerization initiator (E) has a molecular weight of 280 or more. The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 12 outermost layer refractive index of 1.20 to 1.35. The optical film according to any one of the surface haze value of the optical film is 10% or less is claims 1-13. Polarizer and the polarizing film, a polarizing plate having a protective film provided on both sides of the polarizing film, wherein at least one of the protective films is the optical film according to any one of claims 1-14. The optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 14 or the polarizing plate according to claim 15, an image display apparatus having.