JP4605681B2 - Polycresol resin, epoxy resin composition and cured product thereof - Google Patents

Polycresol resin, epoxy resin composition and cured product thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4605681B2
JP4605681B2 JP2000361599A JP2000361599A JP4605681B2 JP 4605681 B2 JP4605681 B2 JP 4605681B2 JP 2000361599 A JP2000361599 A JP 2000361599A JP 2000361599 A JP2000361599 A JP 2000361599A JP 4605681 B2 JP4605681 B2 JP 4605681B2
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epoxy resin
resin composition
formula
polycresol
solvent
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JP2002161129A (en
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泰昌 赤塚
豊文 浅野
雅裕 今泉
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Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd
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Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd
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  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はハロゲン系難燃剤やアンチモン化合物を含有しなくても難燃性に優れる硬化物を与え、しかもフィルムを形成するのに充分なフレキシビリティーを有するポリクレゾール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物およびその硬化物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
エポキシ樹脂は種々の硬化剤で硬化させることにより、一般的に機械的性質、耐水性、耐薬品性、耐熱性、電気的性質などに優れた硬化物となり、接着剤、塗料、積層板、成形材料、注型材料などの幅広い分野に利用されている。従来、最も一般的に使用されてきたエポキシ樹脂としてはビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂が挙げられる。その他難燃剤としてはテトラブロモビスフェノールA及びそのエポキシ化物、或いはテトラブロモビスフェノールAにビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂を反応させた化合物などが一般的に知られている。またエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤としては酸無水物やアミン系化合物が知られているが電気・電子部品分野では信頼性の面からフェノールノボラックが使用されることが多い。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記したような臭素を含有する化合物は、難燃性には優れているものの廃棄、焼却時に環境汚染の原因となる物質を発生させる可能性がある点が指摘されている。また難燃性助剤として使用されるアンチモン化合物も同様にその毒性が懸念されている。近年の環境保護意識の高まりからエポキシ樹脂組成物においてもハロゲンフリー、アンチモンフリーの要望が高まっている。また、フェノールノボラックによるエポキシ樹脂の硬化物は信頼性には優れているものの、その硬化物は剛直でフレキシビリティーに欠ける。近年の電気・電子部品の形態は従来の大型パッケージやガラス繊維を基材とした基板とは異なり、ポリイミドやPETフィルム、金属泊上にワニスの状態で塗布した後、溶剤を除去するシート状の成形物が開発されている。この様な場合使用される樹脂には十分なフレキシビリティーが要求される。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らはこうした実状に鑑み、難燃性に優れた硬化物を与え、シート状に成形してもフレキシビリティーを損なわないエポキシ樹脂組成物を求めて鋭意研究した結果、本発明を完成させるに到った。
【0005】
すなわち本発明は
(1)下記式(1)
【0006】
【化3】

Figure 0004605681
【0007】
(式中nは繰り返し数を表す)で表され、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによる重量平均分子量が3000以上であるポリクレゾール樹脂、
(2)下記式(2)
【0008】
【化4】
Figure 0004605681
【0009】
(式中、Xは塩素原子、メトキシ基又は水酸基のいずれかを表す)
で表される化合物1モルに対しクレゾールを1.5〜10モルの範囲で縮合反応させた後、未反応のクレゾールを除去し得られた縮合物のフェノール性水酸基1当量に対して、式(2)で表される化合物を0.01〜0.45モル縮合反応させることにより得られるポリクレゾール樹脂、
(3)(a)1分子中にエポキシ基を少なくとも2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂
(b)上記(1)又は(2)記載のポリクレゾール樹脂
を含有するエポキシ樹脂組成物、
(4)硬化促進剤を含有する上記(3)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物、
(5)上記(3)乃至(4)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物を溶剤に溶解してなるワニス、
(6)平面支持体の両面または片面に上記(3)乃至(4)に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物又は上記(5)のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の層を有するシート、
(7)平面状支持体がポリイミドフィルムである上記(6)に記載のシート、
(8)平面状支持体が金属泊である上記(6)に記載のシート、
(9)平面状支持体が剥離フィルムである上記(6)に記載のシート、
(10)上記(3)乃至(4)記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物を硬化してなる硬化物を提供するものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂は、例えば前記式(2)で表される化合物1モルに対しクレゾールを通常1.5〜10モル、好ましくは2〜8モルの割合で縮合反応(1段目縮合反応)させた後、未反応のクレゾールを除去し更に得られた縮合物のフェノール性水酸基1当量に対して、式(2)で表される化合物を通常0.01〜0.45モル、好ましくは0.05〜0.4モルの範囲で無溶剤下、或いは溶剤の存在下で縮合反応(2段目縮合反応)させることにより得ることが出来る。
原料として用いるクレゾールにはオルソ、メタ、パラの3種の異性体が知られておりこれらをそれぞれ単独で又は混合して使用可能であるが、オルソクレゾールまたはパラクレゾールが好ましい。
【0011】
1段目の縮合反応において、Xが塩素の場合は触媒は特に必要ではないが、メトキシ基又は水酸基の場合は酸触媒を用いる。用い得る酸触媒としては塩酸、硫酸、パラトルエンスルホン酸などが挙げられるが、特にパラトルエンスルホン酸が好ましい。酸触媒の使用量としては前記式(2)で表される化合物1モルに対し通常0.001〜0.1重量部、好ましくは0.005〜0.05重量部である。
【0012】
1段目の縮合反応は無溶剤下でも溶剤の存在下でも行うことが出来る。溶剤を使用する場合、用い得る溶剤としてはメタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等が挙げられる。溶剤の使用量としては前記式(2)で表される化合物とクレゾールの合計重量に対して通常10〜300重量%、好ましくは20〜250重量%である。
【0013】
1段目の縮合反応は、前記式(2)で表される化合物が完全に消失するまで、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで確認しながら行う。反応温度としては通常40〜150℃、反応時間としては通常1〜10時間である。
【0014】
縮合反応終了後、中和、水洗などにより酸触媒を除去し、次いで加熱減圧下で溶剤及び未反応のクレゾールを除去する。
【0015】
こうして得られた縮合物は、ビフェニル分子とクレゾール分子がメチレン結合を介して結合した構造を取り、その重量平均分子量は通常500〜1500となり、平均分子量によって異なり一概には言えないがその軟化点は通常50〜100℃程度となる。
また、本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂は式(1)で表されるが、式(1)にけるnは通常平均値で4〜20、好ましくは4.5〜20程度となる。
次いで得られた縮合物のフェノール性水酸基1当量に対し、前記式(2)で表される化合物を通常0.01〜0.45モル、好ましくは0.05〜0.4モルの範囲内で加え2段目の縮合反応を行う。この反応に使用される式(2)の化合物としてはXが塩素であるものが反応に酸触媒を添加しなくてもよい点から好ましい。
【0016】
2段目の縮合反応は無溶剤でも、溶剤の存在下でも行うことが出来るが生成物の分子量が大きくなるにつれ粘度も上昇するため溶剤を使用することが好ましい。用い得る溶剤の例としてはプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、メチルセルソルブ、エチルセルソルブ等が挙げられる。溶剤は、生成物の重量に対して通常5〜500重量%、好ましくは10〜400重量%となるよう予め反応系に添加するか、適宜反応中に分割して添加する。
【0017】
反応は、前記式(2)で表される化合物が完全に消失するまで、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで確認しながら行う。反応温度としては通常60〜150℃、反応時間としては通常1〜20時間である。
【0018】
尚、1段目、2段目の縮合反応とも式(2)のXが塩素原子である化合物を使用した場合、反応器の一方から窒素を吹き込み、他方から副反応物として生成する塩酸ガスをチューブなどで取り出す。取り出された塩酸は水酸化ナトリウム水溶液などのアルカリ性水溶液中にバブリングしてトラップすることが好ましい。
また、Xが水酸基、もしくはメトキシ基の場合は反応時に2段目の縮合反応においても酸触媒を必要とする。この場合の酸触媒の種類、使用量などは一段目の反応の場合と同様で構わない。反応の結果水、もしくはメタノールが発生するがこれらは分留管を用いて系外に除去する。
反応終了後、副生物や必要により用いた溶剤等を除去し、本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂を得ることができるが、本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂は高分子量であるため、使用目的によっては溶剤を除去しないか又は適当な粘度になるまで除去して、好適な作業性を確保することもできる。
【0019】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、上記の化合物をエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として用いることにより得ることが出来る。使用し得るエポキシ樹脂としては1分子中にエポキシ基を2個以上有するものであれば特に制限はない。具体的にはノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエンフェノール縮合型エポキシ樹脂、キシリレン骨格含有フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビフェニル骨格含有ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、テトラメチルビフェノール型エポキシ樹脂などが挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。これらのエポキシ樹脂は単独でも使用でき、2種以上を併用することも出来る。
【0020】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物において硬化剤としては、本発明の化合物以外に他の硬化剤を併用して用いても良い。併用し得る硬化剤の具体例としては、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、イソホロンジアミン、ジシアンジアミド、リノレン酸の2量体とエチレンジアミンとより合成されるポリアミド樹脂、無水フタル酸、無水トリメリット酸、無水ピロメリット酸、無水マレイン酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水メチルナジック酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、フェノ−ルノボラック、トリフェニルメタン及びこれらの変性物、イミダゾ−ル、BF3 −アミン錯体、グアニジン誘導体などが挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。これらを併用する場合、式(1)で表される化合物が全硬化剤中に占める割合としては通常20重量%以上、好ましくは30重量%以上である。
【0021】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物において硬化剤の使用量は、エポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基1当量に対して0.7〜1.2当量が好ましい。エポキシ基1当量に対して、0.7当量に満たない場合、あるいは1.2当量を超える場合、いずれも硬化が不完全となり良好な硬化物性が得られない恐れがある。
【0022】
また上記硬化剤を用いる際に硬化促進剤を併用しても差し支えない。用いうる硬化促進剤の具体例としては例えば2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール等のイミダゾ−ル類、2−(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、1,8−ジアザ−ビシクロ(5,4,0)ウンデセン−7等の第3級アミン類、トリフェニルホスフィン等のホスフィン類、オクチル酸スズ等の金属化合物等が挙げられる。硬化促進剤はエポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して0.1〜5.0重量部が必要に応じ用いられる。
【0023】
本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は必要により無機充填材を含有する。用いうる無機充填材の具体例としてはシリカ、アルミナ、タルク等が挙げられる。無機充填材は本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物中において0〜90重量%を占める量が用いられる。更に本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物には、シランカップリング剤、ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸カルシウム等の離型剤、顔料等の種々の配合剤を添加することができる。
【0024】
本発明のワニスは、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物を溶剤に溶解して得られる。用いられる溶剤としては、例えばγ−ブチロラクトン類、N−メチルピロリドン(NMP)、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルイミダゾリジノン等のアミド系溶剤、テトラメチレンスルフォン等のスルフォン類、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルモノアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等のエーテル系溶剤、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン系溶剤、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族系溶剤が挙げられる。得られたワニス中の固形分濃度は通常10〜80重量%、好ましくは20〜70重量%である。
尚、上記したように本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂を製造する際に使用した溶剤の一部又は全部を除去しないでそのままエポキシ樹脂組成物を調製した場合、その溶剤の種類にもよるがそのまま更に上記溶剤に溶解して本発明のワニスとすることもできるし、又、例えばポリクレゾール樹脂を上記溶剤に溶解しこれに更にエポキシ樹脂等を溶解して本発明のワニスとすることもできる。
また、本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂を調製する際に使用する溶剤は、その目的からも反応に不活性であり、沸点が高い(好ましくは100℃以上)であるものが好ましく、一方、本発明のワニスを調製する際に使用される溶剤は、樹脂の溶解性が高く、比較的揮発性が高いものが好ましい。
【0025】
本発明のシートは上記のワニスをそれ自体公知のグラビアコート法、スクリーン印刷、メタルマスク法、スピンコート法などの各種塗工方法により基材上に乾燥後の厚さが所定の厚さ、例えば5〜100μmになるように塗布後乾燥して得られるが、どの塗工法を用いるかは基材の種類、形状、大きさ、塗膜の膜厚により適宜選択される。基材としては、例えばポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリアリレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリケトン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の各種高分子及び/またはその共重合体から作られるフィルム、或いは銅箔等の金属箔であり、特に好ましくは、ポリイミドフィルム、銅箔である。
剥離フィルムを使用する場合はボンディングシートとして用いられる。ボンディングシートとは離型フィルムの片面に接着剤層(ワニス)を塗布したものと別の離型剤を張り合わせたもので、フレキシブル印刷配線板とフレキシブル印刷配線板とを張り合わせる場合などの接着材料として使用される。
尚、本発明のシートを製造する際に本発明のワニスの代わりに溶剤を含む本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物、即ち、本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂を調製する際に使用した溶剤を除去せずにエポキシ樹脂等を混合したエポキシ樹脂組成物を使用してもよい。
こうして得られた本発明のシートを加熱することによりシート状の硬化物を得ることが出来る。
【0026】
また本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物をトルエン、キシレン、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等の溶剤に溶解させ、ガラス繊維、カ−ボン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、アルミナ繊維、紙などの基材に含浸させ加熱乾燥して得たプリプレグを熱プレス成形して硬化物を得ることもできる。この際の溶剤は、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物と該溶剤の混合物中で通常10〜70重量%、好ましくは15〜70重量%を占める量を用いる。
【0027】
【実施例】
次に本発明を更に実施例、比較例により具体的に説明するが、以下において部は特に断わりのない限り重量部である。またゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーの測定条件は以下の通りである。
Figure 0004605681
【0028】
実施例1
温度計、冷却管、分留管、撹拌器を取り付けたフラスコに窒素ガスパージを施しながら下記式(3)
【0029】
【化5】
Figure 0004605681
【0030】
で表される化合物121部、パラクレゾール216部を仕込み撹拌下で130℃まで昇温し、溶解させた。次いでパラトルエンスルホン酸0.5部を添加し、その後、生成するメタノールを分留管を用いて系外に除去しながら時間反応を行った。 ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー分析により反応を追跡し、式(3)で表される化合物が消失した後、メチルイソブチルケトン300部を加え3回水洗を行った後、油層からエバポレーターを用いて加熱減圧下、メチルイソブチルケトン及び未反応のパラクレゾールを除去することにより下記式(4)
【0031】
【化6】
Figure 0004605681
【0032】
(式中nは繰り返し数を表す)で表される化合物(A)182部を得た。得られた化合物(A)の軟化点は72℃、150℃における溶融粘度は0.09Pa・s、水酸基当量は215g/eqであった。また化合物(A)につきゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて重量平均分子量を測定したところ1020であった。
【0033】
温度計、冷却管、撹拌器、冷却管の先端に容器内に発生した塩酸ガスを系外に追い出せるようシリコンチューブを取り付けたフラスコに窒素ガスパージを施しながら、上記で得られた化合物(A)108部、下記式(5)
【0034】
【化7】
Figure 0004605681
【0035】
で表される化合物44部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル46部を仕込んだ。シリコンチューブの先端は水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を入れた別の容器に浸る様に取り付けた。次いで、撹拌下で120℃まで昇温させ脱塩酸反応を行った。発生した塩酸ガスは水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中にトラップした。ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー分析により反応を追跡し式(5)で表される化合物が反応開始後6時間で完全に消失したことを確認した後、更に2時間撹拌を続けた後80℃まで冷却しメチルエチルケトン46部を加え固形分を溶解させ、前記式(4)で表される化合物(B)の固形分60重量%溶液230部を得た。得られた式(4)で表される化合物(B)につきゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて重量平均分子量を測定したところ18500であり水酸基当量は277g/eqであった。
【0036】
実施例2
実施例1においてパラクレゾールの代わりにオルソクレゾール324部に変えた以外は同様に反応を行い、下記式(6)
【0037】
【化8】
Figure 0004605681
【0038】
(式中nは繰り返し数を表す)で表される化合物(C)170部を得た。得られた化合物(C)の軟化点は68℃、150℃における溶融粘度は0.06Pa・s、水酸基当量は211g/eqであった。また化合物(C)につきゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて重量平均分子量を測定したところ850であった。
【0039】
得られた化合物(C)106部、前記式(5)で表される化合物50部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル47部を仕込んだ以外は同様に反応を行った。 ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー分析により反応を追跡し式(5)で表される化合物が反応開始後8時間で完全に消失したことを確認した後、更に2時間撹拌を続けた後80℃まで冷却しメチルエチルケトン47部を加え固形分を溶解させ、前記式(6)で表される化合物(D)の固形分60重量%溶液235部を得た。得られた式(6)で表される化合物(D)につきゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて重量平均分子量を測定したところ21500であり水酸基当量は282g/eqであった。
【0040】
実施例3、4
エポキシ樹脂として液状ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(RE−304S、日本化薬株式会社製、エポキシ当量165g/eq)を用い、硬化剤として得られた化合物(B)及び(D)の固形分60重量%溶液、触媒としてトリフェニルホスフィン(TPP)を表1に示す重量比で配合し100℃で3時間撹拌してワニスとした。この溶液を室温まで冷却し本発明の組成物を得た。
【0041】
Figure 0004605681
【0042】
この様にして得たワニスをアプリケータを用いて、乾燥後の厚さが25μmになるようにポリイミドフィルムに塗布し試験片を得た。次いでこの試験片を150℃で3時間加熱することにより本発明の硬化物を得た。得られたポリイミドフィルム上の硬化物は実施例3及び4ともポリイミドフィルムを丸めてもひび割れすることが無く、十分なフィルム形成能を有していた。また、この硬化物をUL94−VTMに従って難燃性の試験を行ったところ、いずれもVTM−0をクリアすることが確認された。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明のポリクレゾール樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として使用した場合、従来一般的に使用されてきた硬化剤と比較して、フレキシビリティーを有し薄膜状に形成することが可能であり、しかも難燃性に優れた硬化物を与えることができる。従って、本発明のエポキシ樹脂組成物は、成形材料、注型材料、積層材料、塗料、接着剤、レジストなどの広範囲の用途にきわめて有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a cured product having excellent flame retardancy without containing a halogen-based flame retardant or an antimony compound, and has sufficient flexibility to form a film, an epoxy resin composition, and an epoxy resin composition thereof It relates to a cured product.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Epoxy resins are generally cured with various curing agents, resulting in cured products with excellent mechanical properties, water resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance, electrical properties, etc., adhesives, paints, laminates, moldings It is used in a wide range of fields such as materials and casting materials. Conventionally, the most commonly used epoxy resin includes bisphenol A type epoxy resin. As other flame retardants, tetrabromobisphenol A and its epoxidized product, or a compound obtained by reacting tetrabromobisphenol A with a bisphenol A type epoxy resin are generally known. Further, acid anhydrides and amine compounds are known as curing agents for epoxy resins, but phenol novolac is often used from the viewpoint of reliability in the field of electric and electronic parts.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it has been pointed out that a compound containing bromine as described above is excellent in flame retardancy, but may generate substances that cause environmental pollution during disposal and incineration. Similarly, antimony compounds used as flame retardant aids are also concerned about toxicity. Due to the recent increase in environmental protection awareness, there is an increasing demand for halogen-free and antimony-free epoxy resin compositions. In addition, a cured product of epoxy resin with phenol novolac is excellent in reliability, but the cured product is rigid and lacks flexibility. The form of electrical and electronic parts in recent years is different from conventional large package and glass fiber based substrates, and is applied in the form of varnish on polyimide, PET film, metal stays, and then the sheet is removed to remove the solvent. Moldings have been developed. In such a case, the resin used is required to have sufficient flexibility.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In light of these circumstances, the present inventors have intensively studied for an epoxy resin composition that gives a cured product excellent in flame retardancy and does not impair flexibility even when molded into a sheet, and as a result, completed the present invention. It came to let you.
[0005]
That is, the present invention provides (1) the following formula (1)
[0006]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004605681
[0007]
(Wherein n represents the number of repetitions), a polycresol resin having a weight average molecular weight of 3000 or more by gel permeation chromatography,
(2) The following formula (2)
[0008]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004605681
[0009]
(In the formula, X represents a chlorine atom, a methoxy group or a hydroxyl group)
Cresol is subjected to a condensation reaction within a range of 1.5 to 10 moles with respect to 1 mole of the compound represented by formula (1), and then, with respect to 1 equivalent of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the condensate obtained by removing unreacted cresol, the formula ( 2) a polycresol resin obtained by subjecting the compound represented by 2) to a 0.01 to 0.45 molar condensation reaction,
(3) (a) an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in one molecule (b) an epoxy resin composition containing the polycresol resin according to (1) or (2) above,
(4) The epoxy resin composition according to the above (3), which contains a curing accelerator,
(5) A varnish obtained by dissolving the epoxy resin composition according to the above (3) to (4) in a solvent,
(6) A sheet having a layer of the epoxy resin composition according to any one of (3) to (4) or the composition according to any one of (5) above on one or both sides of a flat support,
(7) The sheet according to (6), wherein the planar support is a polyimide film,
(8) The sheet according to (6), wherein the planar support is a metal stay,
(9) The sheet according to (6), wherein the planar support is a release film,
(10) A cured product obtained by curing the epoxy resin composition according to the above (3) to (4) is provided.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the polycresol resin of the present invention, for example, cresol is usually condensed at a ratio of 1.5 to 10 mol, preferably 2 to 8 mol per mol of the compound represented by the formula (2) (first-stage condensation reaction). The compound represented by the formula (2) is usually 0.01 to 0.45 mol, preferably 1 equivalent with respect to 1 equivalent of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the condensate obtained by removing unreacted cresol. It can be obtained by a condensation reaction (second stage condensation reaction) in the range of 0.05 to 0.4 mol in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of a solvent.
Three kinds of isomers, ortho, meta and para, are known as cresol used as a raw material, and these can be used alone or in combination, but ortho cresol or para cresol is preferable.
[0011]
In the first stage condensation reaction, when X is chlorine, a catalyst is not particularly required, but when it is a methoxy group or a hydroxyl group, an acid catalyst is used. Examples of the acid catalyst that can be used include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and paratoluenesulfonic acid, and paratoluenesulfonic acid is particularly preferable. The amount of the acid catalyst used is usually 0.001 to 0.1 parts by weight, preferably 0.005 to 0.05 parts by weight, with respect to 1 mole of the compound represented by the formula (2).
[0012]
The first stage condensation reaction can be carried out in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of a solvent. When a solvent is used, examples of the solvent that can be used include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone. The amount of the solvent used is usually 10 to 300% by weight, preferably 20 to 250% by weight, based on the total weight of the compound represented by the formula (2) and cresol.
[0013]
The first-stage condensation reaction is carried out while confirming by gel permeation chromatography until the compound represented by the formula (2) disappears completely. The reaction temperature is usually 40 to 150 ° C., and the reaction time is usually 1 to 10 hours.
[0014]
After completion of the condensation reaction, the acid catalyst is removed by neutralization, washing with water, etc., and then the solvent and unreacted cresol are removed under heating and reduced pressure.
[0015]
The condensate thus obtained has a structure in which a biphenyl molecule and a cresol molecule are bonded via a methylene bond, and its weight average molecular weight is usually 500 to 1500, which differs depending on the average molecular weight, but cannot be generally stated, but its softening point is Usually, it is about 50 to 100 ° C.
Moreover, although the polycresol resin of this invention is represented by Formula (1), n in Formula (1) is 4-20 normally by an average value, Preferably it will be about 4.5-20.
Subsequently, the compound represented by the formula (2) is usually 0.01 to 0.45 mol, preferably 0.05 to 0.4 mol, with respect to 1 equivalent of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the obtained condensate. In addition, a second-stage condensation reaction is performed. As the compound of the formula (2) used in this reaction, those in which X is chlorine are preferable because it is not necessary to add an acid catalyst to the reaction.
[0016]
The second-stage condensation reaction can be carried out in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of a solvent, but it is preferable to use a solvent because the viscosity increases as the molecular weight of the product increases. Examples of the solvent that can be used include propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, methyl cellosolve, and ethyl cellosolve. The solvent is usually added to the reaction system in advance so as to be 5 to 500% by weight, preferably 10 to 400% by weight, based on the weight of the product, or added in portions during the reaction as appropriate.
[0017]
The reaction is carried out while confirming by gel permeation chromatography until the compound represented by the formula (2) has completely disappeared. The reaction temperature is usually 60 to 150 ° C., and the reaction time is usually 1 to 20 hours.
[0018]
In the first and second stage condensation reactions, when a compound in which X in the formula (2) is a chlorine atom is used, nitrogen gas is blown from one side of the reactor, and hydrochloric acid gas generated as a side reaction product from the other side. Remove with a tube. The extracted hydrochloric acid is preferably trapped by bubbling in an alkaline aqueous solution such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
Further, when X is a hydroxyl group or a methoxy group, an acid catalyst is required even in the second-stage condensation reaction during the reaction. In this case, the type and amount of the acid catalyst used may be the same as in the first-stage reaction. Although water or methanol is generated as a result of the reaction, these are removed out of the system using a fractionating tube.
After completion of the reaction, the by-product and the solvent used if necessary can be removed to obtain the polycresol resin of the present invention. However, since the polycresol resin of the present invention has a high molecular weight, the solvent may be removed depending on the purpose of use. Or can be removed until a suitable viscosity is obtained to ensure suitable workability.
[0019]
The epoxy resin composition of this invention can be obtained by using said compound as a hardening | curing agent of an epoxy resin. The epoxy resin that can be used is not particularly limited as long as it has two or more epoxy groups in one molecule. Specifically, novolac type epoxy resin, triphenylmethane type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene phenol condensation type epoxy resin, xylylene skeleton-containing phenol novolak type epoxy resin, biphenyl skeleton containing novolak type epoxy resin, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F Type epoxy resin, tetramethylbiphenol type epoxy resin and the like, but are not limited thereto. These epoxy resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0020]
In the epoxy resin composition of the present invention, as the curing agent, other curing agents may be used in combination with the compound of the present invention. Specific examples of curing agents that can be used in combination include diaminodiphenylmethane, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, isophoronediamine, dicyandiamide, a polyamide resin synthesized from linolenic acid and ethylenediamine, phthalic anhydride, anhydrous Trimellitic acid, pyromellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl nadic acid anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, phenol novolak, triphenylmethane and these Modified products, imidazoles, BF 3 -amine complexes, guanidine derivatives, and the like, but are not limited thereto. When these are used in combination, the proportion of the compound represented by formula (1) in the total curing agent is usually 20% by weight or more, preferably 30% by weight or more.
[0021]
In the epoxy resin composition of the present invention, the amount of the curing agent used is preferably 0.7 to 1.2 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the epoxy group of the epoxy resin. When less than 0.7 equivalent or more than 1.2 equivalent with respect to 1 equivalent of epoxy group, curing may be incomplete and good cured properties may not be obtained.
[0022]
Moreover, when using the said hardening | curing agent, a hardening accelerator may be used together. Specific examples of the curing accelerator that can be used include, for example, imidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2- (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, and 1,8-diaza. -Tertiary amines such as bicyclo (5,4,0) undecene-7, phosphines such as triphenylphosphine, and metal compounds such as tin octylate. The curing accelerator is used as necessary in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin.
[0023]
The epoxy resin composition of the present invention contains an inorganic filler as necessary. Specific examples of the inorganic filler that can be used include silica, alumina, talc and the like. The inorganic filler is used in an amount of 0 to 90% by weight in the epoxy resin composition of the present invention. Furthermore, various compounding agents such as silane coupling agents, mold release agents such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, and pigments can be added to the epoxy resin composition of the present invention.
[0024]
The varnish of the present invention is obtained by dissolving the epoxy resin composition of the present invention in a solvent. Examples of the solvent used include amide solvents such as γ-butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylimidazolidinone and the like. , Sulfones such as tetramethylene sulfone, ether solvents such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether monoacetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, and ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone Aromatic solvents such as solvent, toluene, xylene and the like can be mentioned. The solid content concentration in the obtained varnish is usually 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 20 to 70% by weight.
As described above, when the epoxy resin composition is prepared as it is without removing a part or all of the solvent used in producing the polycresol resin of the present invention, the above-mentioned is further added depending on the kind of the solvent. The varnish of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving in a solvent, or the varnish of the present invention can be prepared by, for example, dissolving a polycresol resin in the above solvent and further dissolving an epoxy resin or the like.
In addition, the solvent used in preparing the polycresol resin of the present invention is preferably one that is inert to the reaction and has a high boiling point (preferably 100 ° C. or higher) for the purpose. The solvent used when preparing the varnish is preferably a solvent having high resin solubility and relatively high volatility.
[0025]
The sheet of the present invention has a predetermined thickness after drying on the substrate by various coating methods such as gravure coating method, screen printing, metal mask method, spin coating method, etc., which are known per se. Although it is obtained by drying after coating so as to be 5 to 100 μm, which coating method is used is appropriately selected depending on the type, shape, size, and film thickness of the coating film. Examples of the base material include various polymers such as polyamide, polyamideimide, polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyether ether ketone, polyether imide, polyether ketone, polyketone, polyethylene, and polypropylene, and / or their co-polymers. A film made of a coalescence or a metal foil such as a copper foil, particularly preferably a polyimide film or a copper foil.
When a release film is used, it is used as a bonding sheet. A bonding sheet is a sheet of adhesive film (varnish) applied on one side of a release film and another release agent, and is used for bonding flexible printed wiring boards and flexible printed wiring boards. Used as.
In addition, when manufacturing the sheet of the present invention, the epoxy resin composition of the present invention containing a solvent instead of the varnish of the present invention, that is, without removing the solvent used in preparing the polycresol resin of the present invention. You may use the epoxy resin composition which mixed the epoxy resin etc.
A sheet-like cured product can be obtained by heating the sheet of the present invention thus obtained.
[0026]
In addition, the epoxy resin composition of the present invention is dissolved in a solvent such as toluene, xylene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc., and is applied to a substrate such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, alumina fiber, paper, etc. A prepreg obtained by impregnation and drying by heating can be subjected to hot press molding to obtain a cured product. The solvent used here is usually 10 to 70% by weight, preferably 15 to 70% by weight in the mixture of the epoxy resin composition of the present invention and the solvent.
[0027]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In the following, parts are parts by weight unless otherwise specified. The measurement conditions for gel permeation chromatography are as follows.
Figure 0004605681
[0028]
Example 1
While applying a nitrogen gas purge to a flask equipped with a thermometer, cooling tube, fractionating tube, and stirrer, the following formula (3)
[0029]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004605681
[0030]
121 parts of a compound represented by the formula, and 216 parts of paracresol were charged and heated to 130 ° C. with stirring to be dissolved. Next, 0.5 part of paratoluenesulfonic acid was added, and then the reaction was carried out for a time while removing the produced methanol out of the system using a fractionating tube. The reaction was followed by gel permeation chromatography analysis. After the compound represented by the formula (3) disappeared, 300 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone was added and washed three times with water, and then heated under reduced pressure using an evaporator from the oil layer. By removing methyl isobutyl ketone and unreacted paracresol, the following formula (4)
[0031]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004605681
[0032]
182 parts of compound (A) represented by the formula (wherein n represents the number of repetitions) were obtained. The softening point of the obtained compound (A) was 72 ° C., the melt viscosity at 150 ° C. was 0.09 Pa · s, and the hydroxyl group equivalent was 215 g / eq. Moreover, it was 1020 when the weight average molecular weight was measured about the compound (A) using the gel permeation chromatography.
[0033]
The compound (A) obtained above while purging a flask equipped with a silicon tube to purge the hydrochloric acid gas generated in the vessel at the tip of a thermometer, a condenser, a stirrer, and a condenser with nitrogen gas purge. 108 parts, following formula (5)
[0034]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0004605681
[0035]
44 parts of a compound represented by the formula and 46 parts of propylene glycol monomethyl ether were charged. The tip of the silicon tube was attached so as to be immersed in another container containing an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Next, the mixture was heated to 120 ° C. with stirring to carry out dehydrochlorination reaction. The generated hydrochloric acid gas was trapped in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction was monitored by gel permeation chromatography analysis, and after confirming that the compound represented by formula (5) had completely disappeared 6 hours after the start of the reaction, the mixture was further stirred for 2 hours and then cooled to 80 ° C. 46 parts of methyl ethyl ketone was added and the solid content was dissolved to obtain 230 parts of a 60 wt% solution of the compound (B) represented by the formula (4). When the weight average molecular weight of the obtained compound (B) represented by the formula (4) was measured using gel permeation chromatography, it was 18500, and the hydroxyl group equivalent was 277 g / eq.
[0036]
Example 2
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 324 parts of orthocresol was used instead of paracresol, and the following formula (6)
[0037]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004605681
[0038]
170 parts of the compound (C) represented by the formula (n represents the number of repetitions) were obtained. The softening point of the obtained compound (C) was 68 ° C., the melt viscosity at 150 ° C. was 0.06 Pa · s, and the hydroxyl group equivalent was 211 g / eq. Moreover, it was 850 when the weight average molecular weight was measured using the gel permeation chromatography about the compound (C).
[0039]
The reaction was conducted in the same manner except that 106 parts of the obtained compound (C), 50 parts of the compound represented by the formula (5) and 47 parts of propylene glycol monomethyl ether were charged. The reaction was monitored by gel permeation chromatography analysis, and after confirming that the compound represented by formula (5) had completely disappeared 8 hours after the start of the reaction, stirring was further continued for 2 hours and then cooled to 80 ° C. 47 parts of methyl ethyl ketone was added to dissolve the solid content, and 235 parts of a 60 wt% solid solution of the compound (D) represented by the formula (6) was obtained. When the weight average molecular weight of the obtained compound (D) represented by the formula (6) was measured by gel permeation chromatography, it was 21,500, and the hydroxyl group equivalent was 282 g / eq.
[0040]
Examples 3 and 4
Liquid bisphenol F type epoxy resin (RE-304S, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent of 165 g / eq) is used as the epoxy resin, and the solid content of the compounds (B) and (D) obtained as curing agents is 60% by weight. Triphenylphosphine (TPP) as a solution and a catalyst was blended at a weight ratio shown in Table 1 and stirred at 100 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a varnish. This solution was cooled to room temperature to obtain the composition of the present invention.
[0041]
Figure 0004605681
[0042]
The varnish thus obtained was applied to a polyimide film using an applicator so that the thickness after drying was 25 μm to obtain a test piece. Next, this test piece was heated at 150 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a cured product of the present invention. The cured product on the obtained polyimide film did not crack even when the polyimide film was rolled up in Examples 3 and 4, and had sufficient film forming ability. Moreover, when this flame retardant was tested for flame retardancy according to UL94-VTM, it was confirmed that all cleared VTM-0.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
The polycresol resin of the present invention, when used as a curing agent for an epoxy resin, can be formed into a thin film having flexibility as compared with a curing agent that has been generally used conventionally, And the hardened | cured material excellent in the flame retardance can be given. Therefore, the epoxy resin composition of the present invention is extremely useful for a wide range of applications such as molding materials, casting materials, laminated materials, paints, adhesives, resists and the like.

Claims (10)

Figure 0004605681
(式中nは繰り返し数を表す。)で表され、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによる重量平均分子量が18500以上であるポリクレゾール樹脂。
Figure 0004605681
(Wherein n represents the number of repetitions), and a polycresol resin having a weight average molecular weight of 18500 or more by gel permeation chromatography.
下記式(2)
Figure 0004605681
(式中、Xは塩素原子、メトキシ基又は水酸基のいずれかを表す)で表される化合物1モルに対しクレゾールを1.5〜10モルの範囲で縮合反応させた後、未反応のクレゾールを除去し得られた縮合物のフェノール性水酸基1当量に対して、式(2)で表される化合物を0.01〜0.45モル縮合反応させることにより得られる請求項1記載のポリクレゾール樹脂。
Following formula (2)
Figure 0004605681
(In the formula, X represents a chlorine atom, a methoxy group or a hydroxyl group) 1 mol of a compound represented by cresol is subjected to a condensation reaction in a range of 1.5 to 10 mol, The polycresol resin according to claim 1, which is obtained by subjecting a compound represented by the formula (2) to a 0.01 to 0.45 molar condensation reaction with respect to 1 equivalent of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the condensate obtained by removal. .
(a)1分子中にエポキシ基を少なくとも2個以上有するエポキシ樹脂(b)請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のポリクレゾール樹脂を含有するエポキシ樹脂組成物。(A) Epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in one molecule (b) An epoxy resin composition containing the polycresol resin according to any one of claims 1 to 2 . 硬化促進剤を含有する請求項3に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。The epoxy resin composition according to claim 3 containing a curing accelerator. 請求項3〜4のいずれか一項に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物を溶剤に溶解してなるワニス。A varnish obtained by dissolving the epoxy resin composition according to any one of claims 3 to 4 in a solvent. 平面支持体の両面または片面に請求項3〜4のいずれか一項に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物又は請求項5記載のワニスの層を有するシート。The sheet | seat which has a layer of the epoxy resin composition as described in any one of Claims 3-4, or the varnish of Claim 5 on both surfaces or single side | surface of a plane support body. 平面状支持体がポリイミドフィルムである請求項6に記載のシート。The sheet according to claim 6, wherein the planar support is a polyimide film. 平面状支持体が金属泊である請求項6に記載のシート。The sheet according to claim 6, wherein the planar support is a metal stay. 平面状支持体が剥離フィルムである請求項6に記載のシート。The sheet according to claim 6, wherein the planar support is a release film. 請求項3〜4のいずれか一項に記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物を硬化してなる硬化物。Hardened | cured material formed by hardening | curing the epoxy resin composition as described in any one of Claims 3-4 .
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