JP4353106B2 - Multiplexed stream recording method and recording / reproducing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multiplexed stream recording method and a recording / reproducing method, and more particularly, to a multiplexed stream recording method for recording a digital video / audio multiplexed stream including a plurality of programs on a randomly accessible recording medium, and to the recording medium. The present invention relates to a multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method for reproducing an arbitrary program from a recorded digital video / audio multiplexed stream.

  Recently, video data and audio data are encoded by a compression encoding method such as MPEG-2 (Moving Picture Experts Group phase 2), and then multiplexed to form a digital video / audio multiplexed stream for broadcasting. Broadcasting includes BS broadcasting using a broadcasting satellite (BS) as a relay station, CS broadcasting using a communication satellite (CS) as a relay station, and digital terrestrial broadcasting using a ground station as a relay station. And so on.

  The digital video / audio multiplexed stream according to MPEG-2 includes a transport stream in which data of a plurality of programs is multiplexed. In this transport stream, HD (high Definition) image quality, one program can be transmitted, and SD (Standard Definition) image quality, three programs can be transmitted.

  On the other hand, in addition to magnetic recording / reproducing devices that use magnetic tapes such as analog VTRs and digital VTRs as recording media, devices that record broadcast programs can also be transport streamed to randomly accessible recording media such as hard disks and DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs). A program recording apparatus for recording such information is also introduced in the market. In the case of an apparatus that records a transport stream on a randomly accessible recording medium, a user can record a plurality of programs on the same recording medium, and can immediately search for and play a desired program from among them. It has a convenient function.

  Here, when packets in the MPEG-2 transport stream are viewed in time series, a packet including information related to the entire transport stream and a packet including video / audio display information of a plurality of programs (programs) are displayed when the display program is switched. Are interleaved, multiplexed and transmitted in order to quickly display the video and audio.

  Generally, when recording a video / audio multiplexed stream including video / audio display information of a plurality of programs (programs) such as digital broadcasting, the recorded video / audio multiplexed stream is recorded as it is on a recording medium. The process can be simplified and is quick. However, in the video / audio multiplexed stream, packets including information on the entire stream and packets including video / audio display information are interleaved and nested as described above, so that the video / audio multiplexed stream recorded by this method is recorded. When extracting only packets related to an arbitrary program from another recording medium for dubbing or invalidating the recording area, the entire audio / video multiplexed stream is read from the recording medium and the ID of each packet is checked. It is necessary to determine whether the packet is to be recorded on the transfer destination recording medium.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a recording / reproduction method is known in which data transfer is realized in conformity with reproduction conditions such as special reproduction while performing accumulation processing and reproduction processing of an MPEG-2 transport stream on a recording medium ( For example, see Patent Document 1). In the conventional recording / reproducing method described in Patent Document 1, when an input instruction for transporting an input transport stream is received, corresponding encoded data is sequentially stored in a storage means, and an access unit which is an access unit at the time of random reproduction Analysis is performed every time to generate auxiliary information including recording position information by the storage means, and when a reproduction command such as special reproduction is received, an access unit that meets the reproduction condition is selectively selected as a reproduction target based on the auxiliary information. The access unit to be reproduced is read from the storage means, and a reproduction transport stream is constructed and output.

JP 2002-77818 A

  However, as in the conventional recording / reproducing method described in Patent Document 1, in a method of transferring necessary packets during a designated display time using auxiliary information for purposes such as dubbing, in a multiplexed stream including a plurality of programs, Either the necessary packet selection is performed or packets of other programs are transferred together. The former requires a selection operation, and the latter records unnecessary packets of other programs on the transfer destination recording medium. It is not efficient from the viewpoint of recording capacity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points. A multiplexed stream that can quickly extract only the minimum necessary packets for reproduction of an arbitrary program without reading all the multiplexed streams recorded on the recording medium. It is an object to provide a recording method and a recording / reproducing method.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a video / audio multiplexed stream including one or more programs, a first packet including information on the entire video / audio multiplexed stream, and video / audio for each program. And a second packet including presentation information, etc. is synthesized in a time series, and this multiplexed audio stream recording method records the video / audio multiplexed stream on a randomly accessible recording medium. A first step of assigning input time information to each packet head position of the first and second packets constituting the video / audio multiplexed stream, and video / audio multiplexing to which the input time information is given by the first step A second step of determining the first packet from the stream and determining the second packet for each program; A first group in which the first packets determined in the step are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order, and a number corresponding to the number of programs in which the second packets for each program are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order. A third step of obtaining two groups, a fourth step of combining the first and second groups to generate one pack, pack area information indicating a recording area for each pack unit, The fifth step for generating group area information indicating the recording area of each group, the pack generated in the fourth step is recorded on the recording medium, and the pack area information and group generated in the fifth step And a sixth step of recording the area information in an area different from the recording area of the pack of the recording medium.

  In the present invention, the input video / audio multiplexed stream is classified into a packet including information on the entire multiplexed stream and a packet including the video / audio information for each program, and the recording area is divided for each selected set. The pack area information and the group area information are generated as management information for identifying each recording area information and the program at the same time as recording on a randomly accessible recording medium, and prepared separately from the pack recording area in the same recording medium. Since recording is performed in the dedicated recording area, it is possible to detect on the playback side which program group is recorded in which recording area on the recording medium based on the pack area information and the group area information.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, a video / audio multiplexed stream including one or more programs includes a first packet including information on the entire video / audio multiplexed stream, and a video for each program. A method of recording a multiplexed stream in which a second packet including presentation information such as audio is synthesized in time series, and this video / audio multiplexed stream is recorded on a randomly accessible recording medium, A first step of assigning input time information to the first packet position of each of the first and second packets constituting the video / audio multiplexed stream to be played, and a video / audio with the input time information given by the first step A second step of determining a first packet from the multiplexed stream and determining a second packet for each program; Corresponding to the first group in which the first packets determined in the second step are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order and the number of programs in which the second packets for each program are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order A third step of obtaining a second group of numbers, a fourth step of combining the first and second groups to generate one pack, pack area information indicating a recording area for each pack unit, Generating group area information indicating a recording area of each group in the pack, and a display time of display information which is predetermined presentation information serving as a reference when decoding presentation information of each program in the second packet; as before decoding the position information and the display information of the first packet of the display information requiring input to the decoders, about the entire video and audio multiplex stream That the entry point information associated with the information and the fifth step of generating for each program, with the pack produced in the fourth step is recorded on the recording medium, pack area information generated in the fifth step And a sixth step of recording the group area information and the entry point information in an area different from the recording area of the pack of the recording medium.

  In order to achieve the above object, the third invention records the pack, pack area information, and group area information on a randomly accessible recording medium by the recording method of the first invention, and records information from this recording medium. A multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method for reproducing a pack from a recording medium based on pack area information and group area information reproduced from the recording medium. A first reproduction step in which the first group is stored in a first buffer and the second group is stored in a number of second buffers corresponding to the number of programs; Second and sequential read and output first and second packets respectively constituting the first and second groups stored in the second buffer based on the input time information A reproducing step, characterized in that it comprises a third reproduction step of decoding the first and second packet output from the first and second buffer by a second regeneration step.

  In this invention, it is possible to detect on the recording side which program group is recorded in which recording area on the recording medium based on the pack area information and the group area information. Only an arbitrary group of an arbitrary program can be reproduced without reproduction.

In order to achieve the above object, the fourth invention records packs, pack area information, group area information, and entry point information on a randomly accessible recording medium by the recording method of the second invention. A multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method for reproducing recorded information from a medium, a first reproducing step for storing pack area information, group area information and entry point information reproduced from the recording medium in a memory; Among the one or more recorded programs, the reproduction instruction input of the display time of any display information of any program is received, and the pack area information, group area information and entry point information stored in the memory are used. Before decoding the position information of the first packet of the display information at the display time specified for playback and the display information specified for playback Code Da to input is required, a second reproduction step of acquiring the information about the entire video and audio multiplex stream, the second requires input to the decoders obtained in the regeneration step, for the entire video and audio multiplex stream A third reproduction step for reproducing information from the recording medium and storing it in the first buffer, and a group packet including position information of the first packet of the display information at the display time designated for reproduction obtained in the second reproduction step Is read from the recording medium and stored in the second buffer, and the information related to the entire video / audio multiplexed stream stored in the first buffer is read and processed, and then stored in the second buffer. And a fifth reproduction step of reading and decoding the stored packet.

  In the present invention, a recording area of display information at an arbitrary display time instructed to be reproduced can be identified using pack area information, group area information, and entry point information recorded on a recording medium.

In order to achieve the above object, the fifth invention records packs, pack area information, group area information, and entry point information on a randomly accessible recording medium by the recording method of the second invention. A multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method for reproducing recorded information from a medium, a first reproducing step for storing pack area information, group area information and entry point information reproduced from the recording medium in a memory; Receives an instruction to transfer an arbitrary display information of an arbitrary program among one or more recorded programs, and is instructed to transfer using pack area information, group area information and entry point information stored in the memory. The position information of the start packet and end packet and the display information instructed to transfer are decoded from the display time of the displayed information. Before the required input to the decoders, and a second reproduction step of acquiring the information about the entire video and audio multiplex stream,
It requires input to the decoders obtained in the second regeneration step, and a third reproduction step of storing information about the entire video and audio multiplex stream in the first buffer and reproduced from the recording medium, the second regeneration step A fourth reproduction step of reproducing the packet of the group from the first packet to the end packet from the position information of the head packet and the end packet of the display information instructed for reproduction acquired in step 1 from the recording medium and storing the packet in the second buffer; Including a fifth reproduction step of sequentially reading out the information related to the entire video / audio multiplexed stream stored in the first buffer and the packet stored in the second buffer and outputting them to other devices. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the pack area information and the group area information are recorded in a dedicated recording area prepared separately from the recording area of the pack generated from the multiplexed stream in the recording medium. When extracting the minimum packet required to reproduce the program, it is possible to easily determine the recording area where only the necessary packets are recorded based on the pack area information and group area information reproduced from the recording medium. By reading only the recording area, a packet of an arbitrary program can be quickly reproduced.

  Further, according to the present invention, together with pack area information indicating the recording area for each pack unit, and group area information indicating the recording area of each group in the pack, the display time of the display information of each program and the head of the display information Entry point information that associates the position information of the packet with the information that needs to be input before decoding the display information is generated for each program and recorded in an area different from the pack recording area of the recording medium. By using these pack area information, group area information, and entry point information, it is possible to reproduce or transfer only a program pack at an arbitrary display time, and read all of the multiplexed streams as in the prior art. This allows much more efficient playback processing than discriminating packet IDs (PIDs), reducing the stream to external devices. Can be transferred in Bit Rate, also, it is possible to save the use recording capacity of the transfer destination recording medium in the dubbing or the like.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus to which an embodiment of a multiplexed stream recording method and recording / reproducing method according to the present invention is applied. The video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes an input time stamp (ATC) adder 1, a PID discriminator 2, group configuration buffers 3 to 5, a pack configuration buffer 6, a recording / reproduction unit 7, and a control circuit 8. , Entry point map information storage memory 9, recording area information storage memory 10, recording medium 11, playback transfer switch 12, playback device switch 13, PID discriminator 14, group delay buffers 15 to 17, input time information synchronization The clock generator 18, a compression coding decoder (DEC) 19, a monitor device 20, and a dubbing recording medium 21 are included.

  The playback device change-over switch 13 is connected to the terminal 13a side when the stream data input from the recording medium 11 is played back and displayed on the monitor device 20, and supplies the input stream data to the PID discriminator 14 to When displaying the stream data used and recorded on the display device 20, the stream data is connected to the terminal 13 b side and supplied to the decoder 19. The playback / transfer selector switch 12 is connected to the terminal 12a when the user needs a decoding process (outputs a playback stream to the monitor device 20), and the user does not need a decoding process (other recording). When dubbing / transferring to the medium 21 is desired, it is connected to the terminal 12b side.

  First, the recording operation of the video / audio recording / reproducing apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described. When recording is started, the video / audio multiplexed stream obtained by compression encoding according to the MPEG-2 system or the like input through the digital input terminal is displayed on the video / audio presentation information in the video / audio multiplexed stream. After the input time information (time stamp) is added to the head of each packet of the video / audio multiplexed stream by the ATC adder 1 incorporating a clock having a frequency equal to or higher than the clock used for time synchronization, the PID discriminator 2 To be supplied.

  When the video / audio multiplexed stream supplied to the PID discriminator 2 is in the format of MPEG-2 transport stream (TS), this transport stream has the format shown in FIG. -PSI (program section information) information, which is program specification information consisting of an association table) and PMT (program map table), etc., a set PG1 of TS packets such as video and audio related to the program 1, and the program 2 A set PG2 of TS packets such as video and audio is synthesized in time series. Further, a packet identifier (PID; Packet ID) is included in a header (not shown).

  The PID discriminator 2 is based on the PSI information such as PAT and PMT, and includes TS packets including information (PAT, PMT, PCR (program clock reference), etc.) regarding the entire multiplexed stream, and video related to the program 1 A packet PG1 containing audio presentation data and a packet PG2 containing video / audio presentation data related to the program 2 are identified by PID, respectively, and packets containing PSI information are stored in the group configuration buffer 3 in the program 1 and program 2 Packets PG1 and PG2 including video / audio presentation data are stored separately in group configuration buffers 4 and 5, respectively. As a result, the contents stored in the group configuration buffers 3, 4, and 5 are schematically shown in FIGS. 2B, 2 </ b> C, and 2 </ b> D.

  Hereinafter, information about the entire multiplexed stream is PSI information, a group composed of packets including them is a PSI group, video / audio presentation information in each program is PG information, and a group composed of packets including them is a PG group. To do.

  Since it is also necessary to consider the case where the number of input multiplexed stream programs is changed during recording, when the PSI information is input to the PID discriminator 2, the change of the PSI information is detected, and the necessary group configuration buffer It is necessary to calculate the number and size and prepare a group configuration buffer corresponding to the number and size. Also, this change information is recorded as management information in a separate area from the multiplexed stream.

  When a certain unit time elapse notification is issued from the ATC adder 1 or when the accumulated data amount in any of the group configuration buffers 3 to 5 reaches a predetermined number of bytes, the PSI group configuration buffer 3, the program The data stored in the group configuration buffers 3 to 5 are read out in the order of the PG group configuration buffers 4 and 5 for each, and output to the pack configuration buffer 6. As a result, the stored contents of the pack configuration buffer 6 are schematically shown in FIG.

  At this time, if the data in each of the group configuration buffers 3 to 5 is not the minimum access unit that can be read from and written to the recording medium 11 to be described later, a null packet or a stuffing byte is added to the data unstored portion. Then, after each group is shaped to an integral multiple of the access size, the packing process is performed.

  On the other hand, since multiplexed streams are input one after another, a change in PSI information in the input multiplexed stream is detected in the same manner as described above, and the number and size of necessary group configuration buffers are calculated, and each data is stored in each group. Store separately in the configuration buffer. At this time, a packet that includes information serving as a basis for discriminating a packet in the multiplexed stream is first input to the group configuration buffer, for example, a packet including PAT information in the case of an MPEG-2 transport stream. Become. The pack data created in the pack configuration buffer 6 is recorded on the recording medium 11 by the recording / reproducing unit 7.

  At this time, simultaneously with the recording on the recording medium 11, the pack data created in the pack configuration buffer 6 is supplied to the control circuit 8, where the recording area information for the multiplexed stream is shown in FIG. Stream_all_Info is generated and temporarily stored in the recording area information memory 10. As shown in FIG. 3B, the recording area information Stream_all_Info includes information rec_way indicating the recording method of the stream and the number of continuous recording areas numStr of the stream.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the recording area information Stream_all_Info for the multiplexed stream is composed of the recording area information Stream_info [i] of the multiplexed stream for each adjacent sector. Each Stream_info [i] includes pack recording area information TS_Pack_info. As shown in FIG. 3D, the pack recording area information TS_Pack_info includes recording area information (start sector number star_sector, end sector number end_sector) for the pack, and recording area information (programs) of each group in the recorded pack. Information including the number numPG and the number of sectors PS1_start_offset and PS2_start_offset up to the start position of each group 1 and 2.

  Here, every time a pack stored in the pack configuration buffer 6 is recorded on the recording medium 11, TS_pack_info [i] is 1 for one pack by the control circuit 8 in cooperation with the recording operation of the recording / reproducing unit 7. Two TS_pack_info [i] are created. Stream_Info [i] is created when TS_pack_info [i] is recorded in a logical position on the recording medium 11 without being adjacent to each other during a series of recording operations. That is, when nothing has been recorded on the recording medium 11 to be recorded, stream data can be continuously recorded in adjacent sectors, so basically only one Stream_Info [i] is recorded during a series of recording. Created.

  However, if there is already recorded content on the recording medium 11 to be recorded and editing processing such as partial deletion has been performed, the unused recording area to be recorded on the recording medium 11 is continuous. Not necessarily. For example, when contents are recorded in 0 to 10 sectors and 50 to 70 sectors on a recording medium having a capacity of 100 sectors, the sectors that can be used in the future are 11 to 49 sectors and 71 to 99 sectors. In this case, at the start of recording (when recording is performed on sector 0), first, Stream_Info [0] is created, then recording ends on sector 49, and then recording on sector 71 Stream_Info [1] is newly created when.

  The series of recording processes described above are repeatedly performed up to the stream data input immediately after receiving the recording stop command, and immediately after the end of the series of recording processes, etc., in the recording medium 11 separately from the multiplexed stream. The control circuit 8 includes stream recording area information Stream_all_Info and stream_info [i] temporarily stored in the recording area information memory 10, pack recording area information TS_Pack_Info associated therewith, and group recording area information. The data is read and recorded by the recording / reproducing unit 7.

  At the time of recording, a PSI group composed of packets including PSI information relating to the entire multiplexed stream, and a PG group composed of packets including PG information that is video / audio presentation information for each program (described above) In the example, PG1 and PG2) are constituted by an integral multiple of the minimum amount of access information that can be written to or read from the recording medium 11 by the recording / reproducing device. If this amount of recording information is not reached, a null packet or stuffing byte is used. It is an integer multiple.

  Next, the playback operation of the video / audio recording / playback apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described. During normal playback operation, the switch 12 is connected to the terminal 12a side, and the switch 13 is connected to the terminal 13a side. First, stream recording area information Stream_all_Info for a multiplexed stream recorded in a predetermined recording area different from the multiplexed stream recording area of the recording medium 11 when the recording medium is loaded, and pack recording area information TS_Pack_Info associated therewith are recorded and reproduced. It is reproduced by the unit 7 and developed in the recording area information memory 10 via the control circuit 8.

  Subsequently, the recording / playback unit 7 reads the video / audio multiplexed stream recorded by the above-described recording method from the recording medium 11 in pack units, and the read video / audio multiplexed stream is connected to the terminal 12a side by the switch 12 and The data is input to the PID discriminator 14 through the switch 13 connected to the terminal 13a side.

  The PID discriminator 14 is, for example, a multi-program called a playback video / audio multiplexed stream in which a plurality of PMT PIDs are described in the PAT, and the PID of an ES (elementary stream) for each program is stored in each PMT. As described above, the TS packet set PG1 related to the program 1 is identified in the group delay buffer 15, the TS packet set PG2 related to the program 2 is stored in the group delay buffer 16, and the PAT, PMT, PCR (Program TS packets including information necessary for reproducing any program in the stream such as TS packets including Clock Reference are input to the group delay buffer 17.

  However, null packets and stuffing bytes inserted at the time of recording in order to realize grouping in the minimum access unit must be excluded before the reproduced video / audio multiplexed stream is input to the PID discriminator 14. If this operation is not performed, the multiplexed stream input at the time of recording cannot be reproduced to the decoder (DEC) 19, and the overflow of the group delay buffers 15 to 17 or the packets are transferred from the group delay buffers 15 to 17 to the decoder 19. This is because there is a possibility of causing a situation in which the corresponding packet is not yet stored in the group delay buffers 15 to 17 at the time to be output.

  Also, the input time information is extracted from the first packet at the time of reproduction, and based on this, the time considering the time until the first packet is input from the PID discriminator 14 to the group delay buffers 15 to 17 is synchronized with the input time information. The time is set in the clock generator 18, and clock counting is started. Alternatively, the input time information synchronization clock generator 18 is notified from the input time information of the packet after notifying the input time information synchronization clock generator 18 that the first packet has been input to the group delay buffers 15 to 17. Starts the clock count.

  The group delay buffers 15 to 17 refer to the clock count value of the input time information synchronization clock generator 18 and compare it with the input time information of the first packet in the input order in each group delay buffer 15 to 17. At the same time, the packet is output to the decoder 19. As a result, the decoder 19 can reproduce the same situation as when decoding the multiplexed stream input at the time of recording, and outputs the data obtained by decoding to the monitor device 20.

  Next, a recording / reproducing operation in the case of performing reproduction from an arbitrary presentation time or special reproduction such as fast forward / rewind will be described. If the video / audio multiplexed stream to be recorded / reproduced is, for example, an MPEG-2 transport stream, the control circuit 8 uses an arbitrary method as shown in FIG. Display time Presentation_time of presentation information of an intra picture (that is, an I picture that is an intra-frame encoded image) or audio frame, position information of the picture data with respect to the display time (packet number from the beginning of the entire stream) start_spn, and the picture Before decoding the data, display time map information (entry point map information) including start position information (number of packets from the top of PSI_G) pre_read_spn of PSI information that needs to be input to the decoder is created at the time of recording.

  This entry point map information (EP map information) created by the control circuit 8 is updated as needed on the entry point map (EP map) information memory 9 shown in FIG. 1 during recording, and in the recording medium 11 after the recording is completed. Are recorded in a dedicated recording area prepared separately from the multiplexed stream recording area.

  During playback, the recording / playback unit 7 reads the entry point map information from the dedicated recording area of the recording medium 11 when the recording medium 11 is loaded, and stores it in the EP map information memory 9 via the control circuit 8. Thereafter, the control circuit 8 uses the playback entry point map information stored in the EP map information memory 9 to obtain the position information of the nearest entry point from the display time at which playback is to be started. Based on the position information, the stream recording area information and the pack recording area information, the control circuit 8 searches for a pack to start reading and controls the recording / reproducing unit 7 to read from the head of the corresponding pack recording area. It can be realized by starting.

  For example, when it is desired to start playback of the program of the first program group PG1 from an arbitrary display time 0:20:00, first, from the entry point map information shown in FIG. EP_Info1 [n] that is entry point information of PG1 is acquired. In this EP_Info1 [n], the presentation information display time Presentation_time is “0:20:00”, the position information start_spn is “a”, and the start position information pre_read_spn of the PSI information is “A”. And

  Subsequently, the control circuit 8 obtains to which Stream_info the first byte of the packet number “a” belongs, and then obtains to which TS_Pack_info the Stream_info belongs. Next, in order to decode display information beginning with “a” in the acquired PSI_G in the TS_Pack_info, the output start position of the decoder 19 is acquired in the PSI_G [i] in the TS_Pack_info.

  Subsequently, the above PSI_G [i] is read, and data from the acquisition position in PSI_G [i] to the end position of PSI_G [i] is input to the PID discriminator 14. Thereafter, in accordance with the contents of Stream_info, the multiplexed stream is read one after another from the recording medium 11 and input to the PID discriminator 14. The data input to the PID discriminator 14 is supplied to the decoder 19 via the group delay buffers 15 to 17 and decoded.

  By the way, the frequency of occurrence of packets that should belong to the PSI group in the multiplexed stream that is actually recorded is extremely small compared to the frequency of occurrence of packets that should belong to each PG group. For example, in the MPEG-2 transport stream of the Radio Industry Association (ARIB), at least one PAT and PMT is defined at 100 [msec], and at least one PCR is defined at 50 [msec]. When a stream that satisfies this minimum requirement is recorded on a recording medium, many meaningless areas are generated in the recording area for the PSI group, and the recording capacity is wasted.

  Therefore, in another embodiment, in consideration of the above points, a pack is created by the pack creation procedure shown in FIG. Further, the configurations of the stream recording area information, the pack area information, and the group recording area information of this pack are illustrated in FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (E). In the pack configuration of FIG. 6A, Stream_all_info and Stream info [i] are stream recording area information of the pack having the contents shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, and TS_Pack_info [i] is FIG. 6D. PG * _G_info [i] is group recording information having the contents shown in FIG. 6E.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, PSI [0] and PG1 [0] are sequentially input from time t0 to the multiplexed stream input to the PID discriminator 2 at the time of recording, and PG2 from time t1 to time t2. [0] is input, and PSI [1] and PG1 [1] are sequentially input from time t2 to time t3. Subsequently, PSI [2] and PG1 [2] are sequentially input from time t3 to time t4, PSI [3] and PG2 [1] are sequentially input from time t4 to time t5, and from time t5. It is assumed that PG1 [3] is input until time t6, and PSI [4] is input immediately after time t6.

  As a result, the storage contents of the PG group configuration buffers 4 and 5 are indicated by PG1 buffer and PG2 buffer in FIG. 5B, and the storage contents of the PSI group configuration buffer 3 are indicated by PSI buffer in FIG. 5B. . As for the PSI group, as indicated by PSIbuffer in FIG. 5B, the PSI group is recorded immediately after time t6 when packets corresponding to the minimum access unit data amount are accumulated in the PSI group configuration buffer 3. Output as much as possible.

  On the other hand, the PG group forms a group as described above, omits the pack configuration processing by the pack configuration buffer 6, and, as shown by Write in PG1buffer and PG2buffer in FIG. 5 are output to be recorded on the recording medium 11 in the order in which they can be stored. If the pack configuration buffer 6 has a sufficiently large capacity, it can be output to be recorded on the recording medium 11 after the pack is configured.

  This reduces the amount of data that is meaningless when performing decoding within the PSI group, and improves the efficiency of using the recording area. However, at the time of reproduction, the PSI group needs to be read before the PG group recorded while accumulating the PSI data. In order to realize this, at the time of recording, PSI data storage is started in the PS group configuration buffer 3 and at the same time, a PSI group recording area is reserved in advance, and the reservation is made for each PG group. The recording process is performed so as to avoid the area.

  When the recordable data amount is accumulated in the PSI group configuration buffer 3 and when it is further detected that a packet is input to the PSI group configuration buffer 3, the data in the PSI group configuration buffer 3 is detected. Are recorded in the reserved area. In addition, by recording the data accumulated in the PG group configuration buffers 4 and 5 at the same time as recording the PSI group, each PG group can change the PSI group in the pack recorded later in time series. By making it unnecessary to refer to it, it is possible to prevent complication of operations during playback.

  At this time, the recording area of the pack is from the beginning of the recording area of the PSI group to the end of the recording area of the PG group recorded last according to the recording of the PSI group. In this way, as shown in FIG. 5C, the PSI group PSI_G existing in the PSI group configuration buffer 3 at time t6 is arranged at the beginning of the recording area of the pack TS_pack [i]. The data PG1 [0] of the PG1 group existing in the PG group configuration buffer 4 at the time t1 is followed by the data PG2 [0] of the PG2 group existing in the PG group configuration buffer 5 at the time t2.

  Further, data PG1 [1] ′ corresponding to the minimum access unit from the beginning of the PG1 group data existing in the PG group configuration buffer 4 at time t3, and PG1 group data existing in the PG group configuration buffer 4 at time t4. Data PG1 [2] ′ for the minimum access unit from the beginning, data PG2 [1] ′ for the minimum access unit from the beginning of the data of the PG2 group existing in the PG group configuration buffer 5 at time t5, PG group at time t6 PG1 group data existing in the configuration buffer 4 and data PG1 [2] "in which a portion less than the minimum access unit is filled with a null packet or stuffing byte, PG2 group existing in the PG group configuration buffer 5 at time t6 Null part of data and less than minimum access unit Data PG2 was filled with packet or stuffing bytes [1] "is followed.

  As described above, when a plurality of the same PG groups are included in one pack, when performing a reproduction operation from a specified time, for example, in the case of an MPEG-2 transport stream, when a PSI group is read from the head, The PSI information necessary for decoding the picture at the entry point for the specified time cannot be obtained immediately.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to quickly reproduce each entry point from the picture, any position in the PSI group recording area can be input to the PID discriminator 14 to guarantee reproduction from the entry point to the minimum. Position information indicating whether or not it is possible is stored in the recording area information memory 10 or the EP map information memory 9.

  In this case, when the recording medium 11 is an optical disk, if the position information is recorded on the recording medium 11 at the same time during stream recording, the seek frequency to the recording position on the optical disk increases, and the load on the drive increases. Therefore, the position information is held in the memories 9 and 10 during the recording process, and after a series of recording processes, the storage contents of the memories 9 and 10 are recorded again in a predetermined area of the optical disc. Since this is more efficient, the memories 9 and 10 are provided. Prior to the start of reproduction of the recording medium 11, the position information recorded in a predetermined area of the recording medium 11 is reproduced by the recording / reproducing unit 7 and stored in the memories 9 and 10 via the control circuit 8. The

  Thereby, when it is desired to reproduce from an arbitrary time, the control circuit 8 records the position information including the head data of the video / audio display information of the picture of the entry point and the position information of the PSI information necessary for reproducing the information. Obtained from the information memory 10 or the EP map information memory 9.

  Then, the control circuit 8 first stores all the data in the recording area of the PSI group in which the necessary PSI information is stored and the PSI group after the position in the PSI group delay buffer 15, and then the video and audio By controlling the recording / playback unit 7 to start the playback process from a specified position in the PG group recording area including the top data of the display information, playback can be realized from an arbitrary time.

  Next, the transfer operation at the time of dubbing using the video / audio recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention will be described. If it is desired to transfer only a stream necessary for an arbitrary display time of an arbitrary program in the multiplexed stream, the transfer is performed using the entry point map information stored in the EP map information memory 9 in the same manner as at the time of reproduction. The start / end position information is acquired from the program to be displayed and the display time, and then the recording medium 11 from which the pack to be transferred, the PSI group within it, and the PG group for the designated program are read from the pack recording area information and the group area recording information. Is recorded from the recording area information memory 10 and the recording / reproducing unit 7 is controlled based on the recording area 8 to read and transfer only the acquired recording area of the recording medium 11. At that time, the switch 12 in FIG. 1 is switched to the terminal 12b side to transfer the output reproduction video / audio stream from the recording medium 11 to the recording medium 21 to be dubbed to the transfer path.

  Here, when the transfer program information illustrated in FIG. 5 is stored in the EP map information memory 9, the start / end of each transfer section is first determined from the entry point map information, the stream recording area information, and the pack recording area information. The pack is searched from the EP map information memory 9, the position information of the searched start / end pack and the group to be transferred are stored in the recording area information memory 10, and reading from the recording medium 11 is started according to the information.

  That is, when the user designates a start time and an end time for a desired program to the control circuit 8, the control circuit 8 causes the designated start / end of the designated program from the information stored in the EP map information memory 9. The start / end positions corresponding to the end time are acquired (the start / end positions here are the number of bytes or packets from the beginning of the stream recorded in a series of recording processes).

  Subsequently, the control circuit 8 obtains a logical address on the recording medium 11 on which the stream data of the designated program is recorded from the information stored in the recording area information memory 10, and the recording / reproducing unit 7 Data is read from the acquired logical address of the recording medium 11 under control.

  Here, in the case of a multiplexed stream or the like in which a section is designated by editing after recording or is partially deleted, when the pack to be transferred is fragmented, the beginning of each packet of the multiplexed stream between the two packs Discontinuity occurs in input time information (time stamp) added to. When discontinuity occurs in the input time information, a gap occurs between the packet immediately before and after the discontinuity during playback, and the stream cannot be played back for the time corresponding to the gap, and playback output is obtained. Absent.

  For this reason, when discontinuity between packs occurs during reproduction, it is necessary to notify the input time information synchronization clock generator 18 of the discontinuity and reset the clock. Therefore, in this embodiment, when inputting the head of each pack to the PID discriminator 14, as information for prompting the reset of the input time information synchronization clock at the head of the pack, a new packet, stream recording area information is added to the multiplexed stream. In addition, pack position information (corresponding to stream info [i] in FIGS. 3 and 6) in which discontinuity occurs is recorded in management information recorded in a recording area different from the pack recording area information.

  For example, if the user knows that there is a gap in the input time information of the edit point during playback, when the playback point comes to the position of the edit point (moved from Stream_Info [i] to Stream_Info [i + 1]) In this embodiment, since the clock is reset in the input time information synchronization clock generator 18, continuous reproduction can be realized. The recording / reproducing method described above can be extracted by the same processing even if a group is created for each elementary stream.

  In addition, it is possible to increase the free area of the recording medium by invalidating the group recording area information and the stream recording area information relating to only an arbitrary program by the recording / reproducing method described above. However, since the PSI information has not been changed at all after the editing process, the PSI information itself recognizes that the PG information related to the deleted program is also present in the multiplexed stream when the deletion unit is played back.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to prohibit the reproduction of the deleted program, at the time of program deletion, the entry point information in the deletion section of the deleted program in the entry point map information is deleted, and a reproduction command from the user or the like is accepted. Make it impossible to shape. It is necessary to reflect the change in the number of PG group delay buffers for the program deleted at the time of reproduction in the pack information of the deletion section.

  Further, when there is a possibility that both the multiplexed stream recorded by the recording / reproducing method of the present embodiment and the multiplexed stream recorded as it is from the input exist in the same recording medium, what recording method is used for the stream recording area information Since the information (rec_way) that can identify whether or not recording is performed is added, the multiplexed stream read from the recording medium by switching the switch 13 in FIG. It is possible to select whether to perform reproduction according to the above or to input directly to the decoder 19.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, since only an elementary stream having an arbitrary program / PID can be extracted from the multiplexed stream, the stream is transferred to other devices at a low bit rate during dubbing or the like. It is also possible to save the used recording capacity of the transfer destination recording medium when dubbing.

  The present invention can be applied to all video signal recording / reproducing apparatuses such as DVD recorders that record video signals while mechanically accessing a recording medium.

1 is a block diagram of a video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus to which an embodiment of a multiplexed stream recording method and a recording / reproducing method of the present invention is applied. FIG. It is a figure for exemplifying the rearrangement operation | movement of the packet of the input multiplexed stream recorded by this invention, and the subsequent recording method. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the area | region information on the recording medium in the method of this invention, and the arrangement | positioning information in a pack. It is a figure which shows an example of the entry pointer map information recorded on a memory and recorded on a recording medium in the method of this invention. In the method of the present invention, an input packet rearrangement operation when a packet including information related to the entire input video / audio multiplexed stream is extremely less frequently generated than a packet including video / audio presentation information of the program, and subsequent recording It is a figure which shows an example of a method. In the method of the present invention, the region information on the recording medium and the information in the pack when the packet containing the information related to the entire input video / audio multiplexed stream is extremely lower in frequency than the packet containing the video / audio presentation information of the program It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship of arrangement | positioning information.

Explanation of symbols

1 ATC Adder 2,8 PID Discriminator 3-5 Group Configuration Buffer 6 Pack Configuration Buffer 7 Recording / Reproduction Unit 8 Control Circuit 9 Entry Point (EP) Map Information Memory 10 Recording Area Information Memory 11 Recording Medium 12 Playback Transfer Switching Switch 13 Playback device selector switch 15 to 17 Group delay buffer 18 Buffer output synchronous clock generator 19 Decoder (DEC)
20 Monitor device 21 Recording medium for dubbing

Claims (7)

When the video / audio multiplexed stream including one or more programs includes a first packet including information on the entire video / audio multiplexed stream and a second packet including presentation information such as video / audio for each program. A method of recording a multiplexed stream that is synthesized in a sequence and records the video / audio multiplexed stream on a randomly accessible recording medium,
A first step of assigning input time information to a packet head position of each of the first and second packets constituting the input video / audio multiplexed stream;
A second step of determining the first packet from the video / audio multiplexed stream to which the input time information is added in the first step, and determining the second packet for each program;
The first group in which the first packets determined in the second step are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order, and the number of programs in which the second packets for each program are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order A third step of obtaining a number of second groups corresponding to
A fourth step of combining the first and second groups to generate one pack;
A fifth step of generating pack area information indicating a recording area for each pack unit and group area information indicating a recording area of each group in the pack;
The pack generated in the fourth step is recorded on the recording medium, and the pack area information and the group area information generated in the fifth step are recorded on the recording area of the pack on the recording medium. Including a sixth step of recording in another area. When the video / audio multiplexed stream including one or more programs includes a first packet including information on the entire video / audio multiplexed stream and a second packet including presentation information such as video / audio for each program. A method of recording a multiplexed stream that is synthesized in a sequence and records the video / audio multiplexed stream on a randomly accessible recording medium,
A first step of assigning input time information to a packet head position of each of the first and second packets constituting the input video / audio multiplexed stream;
A second step of determining the first packet from the video / audio multiplexed stream to which the input time information is added in the first step, and determining the second packet for each program;
The first group in which the first packets determined in the second step are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order, and the number of programs in which the second packets for each program are arranged so as to be adjacent in the input order A third step of obtaining a number of second groups corresponding to
A fourth step of combining the first and second groups to generate one pack;
The pack area information indicating the recording area for each pack unit and the group area information indicating the recording area of each group in the pack are generated, and the presentation information of each program in the second packet is decoded. decoders to input is required, the whole video and audio multiplex stream before serving as a reference and the display time of the display information is predetermined presentation information for decoding the position information of the first packet and the display information of the display information when A fifth step of generating, for each program, entry point information that associates information regarding
The pack generated in the fourth step is recorded on the recording medium, and the pack area information, the group area information, and the entry point information generated in the fifth step are recorded on the recording medium. And a sixth step of recording in a different area from the recording area of the pack. A multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method according to claim 1, wherein the pack, the pack area information, and the group area information are recorded on a randomly accessible recording medium, and the recorded information is reproduced from the recording medium. ,
The pack reproduced from the recording medium is divided into the first group and the second group for each program based on the pack area information and the group area information reproduced from the recording medium. A first reproduction step in which the first group is stored in a first buffer and the second group is stored in a number of second buffers corresponding to the number of programs;
Second reproduction for sequentially reading out and outputting the first and second packets constituting the first and second groups stored in the first and second buffers based on the input time information, respectively. Steps,
And a third reproduction step for decoding the first and second packets output from the first and second buffers in the second reproduction step. . Recording a multiplexed stream in which the pack, the pack area information, the group area information, and the entry point information are recorded on a randomly accessible recording medium and the recorded information is reproduced from the recording medium according to claim 2 A playback method,
A first reproduction step of storing the pack area information, the group area information and the entry point information reproduced from the recording medium in a memory;
Among the one or more programs recorded on the recording medium, the pack area information and the group area information stored in the memory in response to a reproduction instruction input of a display time of arbitrary display information of an arbitrary program and using said entry point information, said reproducing said reproduction instructed display information and position information of the first packet of the display information of the designated display time before decoding the required input to the decoders, the video and audio multiplex A second playback step for obtaining information about the entire stream ,
A third reproduction step of storing the second requires input to the decoders obtained in the regeneration step, the information on the whole video and audio multiplex stream in the first buffer is reproduced from said recording medium,
Fourth reproduction step of reproducing a packet of a group including the position information of the first packet of the display information of the display time instructed for reproduction acquired in the second reproduction step from the recording medium and storing it in a second buffer. When,
A fifth reproduction step of reading and decoding the packet stored in the second buffer after reading and processing the information relating to the entire video / audio multiplexed stream stored in the first buffer; A method of recording and reproducing a multiplexed stream, comprising: Recording a multiplexed stream in which the pack, the pack area information, the group area information, and the entry point information are recorded on a randomly accessible recording medium and the recorded information is reproduced from the recording medium according to claim 2 A playback method,
A first reproduction step of storing the pack area information, the group area information and the entry point information reproduced from the recording medium in a memory;
Among the one or more programs recorded on the recording medium, the pack area information, the group area information, and the entry received in response to an instruction to transfer an arbitrary display information of an arbitrary program and stored in the memory with point information, said transfer instruction position information for end packet and the first packet from the display time of the display information and the transfer instruction has been displayed information before decoding the required input to the decoders, the video and audio multiplex A second playback step for obtaining information about the entire stream ,
A third reproduction step of storing the second requires input to the decoders obtained in the regeneration step, the information on the whole video and audio multiplex stream in the first buffer is reproduced from said recording medium,
A group buffer from the first packet to the end packet from the position information of the head packet and end packet of the display information instructed to be played back acquired in the second playback step is played back from the recording medium, and the second buffer A fourth playback step stored in
Fifth playback step of sequentially reading out information on the entire video / audio multiplexed stream stored in the first buffer and the packets stored in the second buffer and outputting them to another device A method for recording and reproducing a multiplexed stream, comprising: The multiplexed stream is an MPEG-2 transport stream;
  The predetermined presentation information is an intra picture,
  3. The multiplexed stream recording method according to claim 2, wherein the information regarding the entire video / audio multiplexed stream is PSI information. The multiplexed stream is an MPEG-2 transport stream;
  6. The multiplexed stream recording / reproducing method according to claim 4, wherein the information related to the entire video / audio multiplexed stream is PSI information.

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