JP3770223B2

JP3770223B2 - Heating system and housing with heating system

Info

Publication number: JP3770223B2
Application number: JP2002297594A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 清渡邉; 晴之平澤; 則幸 ▲高▼須; 愛一郎加藤
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2002-10-10
Filing date: 2002-10-10
Publication date: 2006-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-10
Also published as: JP2004132610A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒を熱交換器を介して水熱媒に熱交換させ、温水を生成して搬送するヒートポンプ熱源機から供給される水熱媒によって暖房を行う暖房システム及び暖房システム付きの住宅に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ヒートポンプサイクルにより採熱した熱で冷暖房に使う水熱媒を生成し、室内放熱器に送水して冷暖房を行うヒートポンプチラー冷暖房システムとも称される冷暖房システムにおいては、ヒートポンプサイクルで採熱できる熱量が外気温度に左右されることから、外気温度が低いときには暖房能力が低下し、必要とする暖房雰囲気が得がたくなる。こうした問題を、補助ヒータを運転させることによって解消している（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開昭５５―１１８５４３号公報（５頁〜１１頁、第１図）
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記した従来のヒートポンプ式冷暖房機においては、運転制御器に暖房負荷出力線を接続して、圧縮機モータへの供給電源の周波数が所定値以上に制御されているとき、運転制御器から補助ヒータの作動を行えるごとくしている。設定温度と、室温との温度差と比例関係にある圧縮機の運転周波数によって補助ヒータを作動させる従来の技術では、運転開始時や暖房負荷変化時など、圧縮機の運転周波数が最大周波数又は所定値以上の状態の暖房能力で暖房負荷を満足でき、設定温度に近づいていく場合でも、圧縮機の運転周波数が最大周波数又は所定値以上であれば補助ヒータによる加熱が行われ、ランニングコストが高くつくといった問題点がある。また、除霜運転時には圧縮機の運転周波数による補助ヒータの動作は、除霜運転時の圧縮機の運転周波数が、補助ヒータを作動させる圧縮機の運転周波数所定値未満の場合は、補助ヒータは作動せず、室内放熱器の暖房能力が低下し、暖房が一時停止してしまうといった問題点もあり、また、除霜運転時の圧縮機の運転周波数が補助ヒータを動作させる圧縮機の運転周波数所定値以上の場合は、補助ヒータは動作するが、暖房負荷が小さいときや、暖房負荷変化時などに必要以上に加熱が行われ、ランニングコストが高くつくといった問題もある。
【０００５】
本発明は、係る従来の問題点を解決するためになされたものであって、第１の目的は、ランニングコストが安価な暖房システムを得ることであり、第２の目的は、その暖房システムの利便性を高めることであり、第３の目的は、ランニングコストの低い暖房システム付き住宅を開発することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するためにこの発明は、圧縮機を有するヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒を、熱交換器を介して水熱媒と熱交換させ、この水熱媒を送水する送水手段を備えたヒートポンプ熱源機と、ヒートポンプ熱源機に接続されヒートポンプ熱源機から搬送されてくる水熱媒により冷暖房を行う室内放熱器と、水熱媒を加熱する補助熱源用加熱手段と、圧縮機及び補助熱源用加熱手段の運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた暖房システムについて、その制御手段に、暖房時において室温設定手段で設定される設定温度と室温検知手段からの室温とによって目標とする目標水熱媒温度を算出し、水熱媒の温度を検知する水熱媒温度検知手段による検出温度と、目標水熱媒温度との差（目標水熱媒温度−検出水熱媒温度）の変化によって、暖房能力の過不足判定を行わせ、変化が安定または増加傾向であり、水熱媒の温度が目標水熱媒温度に未達であれば補助熱源用加熱手段を動作させ、そうでなければ補助熱源用加熱手段を停止する制御動作を行わせる手段を採用する。
【０００７】
また、前記目的を達成するためにこの発明は、圧縮機を有するヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒を、熱交換器を介して水熱媒と熱交換させ、この水熱媒を送水する送水手段を備えたヒートポンプ熱源機と、ヒートポンプ熱源機に接続されヒートポンプ熱源機から搬送されてくる水熱媒により冷暖房を行う室内放熱器と、水熱媒を加熱する補助熱源用加熱手段と、圧縮機及び補助熱源用加熱手段の運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた暖房システムについて、その制御手段に、暖房時において室温設定手段で設定される設定温度と室温検知手段からの室温とによって目標とする目標水熱媒温度を算出し、水熱媒の温度を検知する水熱媒温度検知手段による検出温度と、圧縮機の運転周波数を検知する運転周波数検知手段による運転周波数とを取込み、暖房能力の過不足判定を行わせ、検出温度と目標水熱媒温度との差（目標水熱媒温度−検出水熱媒温度）が大きい状態が所定時間続き、しかも運転周波数が最大であるときには、補助熱源用加熱手段を動作させ、そうでないときは補助熱源用加熱手段を停止する制御動作を行わせる手段を採用する。
【０００８】
さらに、前記目的を達成するためにこの発明は、圧縮機を有するヒートポンプサイクルの冷媒を、熱交換器を介して水熱媒と熱交換させ、水熱媒を送水する送水手段を備えたヒートポンプ熱源機と、ヒートポンプ熱源機に接続されヒートポンプ熱源機から搬送されてくる水熱媒により冷暖房を行う室内放熱器と、水熱媒を加熱する補助熱源用加熱手段と、圧縮機及び補助熱源用加熱手段の運転を制御する制御手段とを備えた暖房システム付きの住宅について、そのヒートポンプ熱源機の主要部の一部を屋外に設置し、他の主要部及び室内放熱器を屋内に設置し、制御手段によって、暖房時においては室温設定手段で設定される設定温度と室温検知手段からの室温とによって目標とする目標水熱媒温度を算出し、水熱媒の温度を検知する水熱媒温度検知手段による検出温度と、この目標水熱媒温度との差（目標水熱媒温度−検出水熱媒温度）の変化によって、暖房能力の過不足判定を行い、変化が安定または増加傾向であり、水熱媒の温度が目標水熱媒温度に未達であれば補助熱源用加熱手段を動作させ、そうでなければ補助熱源用加熱手段を停止するようにする手段を採用する。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
図１〜図５によって示す本実施の形態は、不凍液等による水熱媒を生成して搬送する熱源機で構成される熱源側熱媒サイクルと、これによって供給される水熱媒によって冷暖房を行う室内放熱器で構成される利用側サイクルとにより構成される冷暖房システムに関するものである。熱源機は、図１に示すように水熱媒を貯留するバッファタンク１と、バッファタンク１の水熱媒を循環させる送水手段としての循環ポンプ２と、水熱媒を熱交換器３を介して加熱又は冷却するヒートポンプ方式の冷凍サイクルとによって構成されている。
【００１０】
バッファタンク１には往き側接続口と、戻り側接続口がそれぞれ設けられていて、往き側接続口は、循環ポンプ２の吸込側に配管接続され、戻り側接続口は、採熱用の熱交換器３の二次流路に直列に接続された補助熱源用加熱手段４の出口側が配管接続されている。循環ポンプ２の吐出側には利用側サイクルの往き側配管が接続され、熱交換器３の二次流路の入口側には利用側サイクルの戻り側配管が接続されている。ヒートポンプによる冷凍サイクルは、室外熱交換器５と四方切換弁６と圧縮機７及び流量調節弁８並びに熱交換器３の一次流路で構成された熱媒循環閉路であり、冷凍サイクルの冷媒と水熱媒とは相互に独立し、混じり合うことはないが熱交換器３により熱的には接続している。上記構成の熱源機は、ヒートポンプ熱源機９として単一のケーシングに収められ、室外に設置される。
【００１１】
利用側サイクルは、往き側配管と戻り側配管とに接続された室内放熱器１０による水熱媒の循環系として構成されている。室内放熱器１０としては、室内空気を循環させながら冷却或いは加熱することで冷暖房機能を果す一機又は複数機のファンコイルユニットや、輻射による暖房機能または冷暖房機能を果す床暖房パネル等による一組又は複数組の輻射パネルが接続される。
【００１２】
ヒートポンプ熱源機９には、図２に示すように循環ポンプ２や圧縮機７及び補助熱源用加熱手段４等を制御するマイコンを含む制御手段１１が搭載されており、この制御手段１１に冷房モードや暖房モードの設定を行う設定スイッチや、ＬＥＤや液晶等により運転状態等を表示する表示手段を備えたコントローラが信号線又は赤外線信号により信号のやりとりを可能に接続されている。制御手段１１にはバッファタンク１の出口の水熱媒温度を検知する水熱媒温度検知手段１２の出力が制御情報として取込まれる。
【００１３】
また、室内放熱器１０にはコントローラ１３及び室温を検知する室温検知手段１４や室温設定手段１５が備えられ、コントローラ１３の操作によって水熱媒の流量をそれ自体に設けられた流量調節弁を動かして、室温が設定温度になるようにフィードバック制御を行うとともに、ヒートポンプ熱源機９の制御手段１１に運転情報や設定温度及び室温を制御情報として送信する。
【００１４】
ヒートポンプ熱源機９のコントローラにより、暖房モードが設定されると、制御手段１１はヒートポンプの冷凍サイクルを暖房のサイクルに切換え、室内放熱器１０のコントローラ１３からの運転情報の取込みを行う。室内放熱器１０のいずれかから運転要求の信号が入ると、利用側サイクルに送る水熱媒の温度を暖房できる温度になるように、ヒートポンプ熱源機９を制御する。室内放熱器１０側からの運転要求の信号が一つもない場合には、循環ポンプ２は停止状態におかれる。
【００１５】
一方、ヒートポンプ熱源機９のコントローラにより、冷房モードが設定されると、制御手段１１はヒートポンプの冷凍サイクルを冷房のサイクルに切換え、室内放熱器１０のコントローラ１３からの運転情報の取込みを行う。室内放熱器１０のいずれかから運転要求の信号が入ると、室内放熱器１０に送る水熱媒の温度を冷房できる、例えば７℃になるように、ヒートポンプ熱源機９を制御する。室内放熱器１０側からの運転要求の信号が一つもない場合には、循環ポンプ２は停止状態におかれる。
【００１６】
本実施の形態の冷暖房システムは、暖房運転におけるランニングコストの低減をテーマとしており、制御手段１１は暖房モードでは図３のフローチャートによって示すような制御動作を行う。即ち、図３におけるステップ♯１で暖房運転が開始されると、ステップ♯２において室内放熱器１０のコントローラ１３から設定温度と室内放熱器１０の室温検知手段１４の出力から、室内暖房負荷に応じた目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍを算出して、ステップ♯３へ進む。ステップ♯３では、水熱媒温度検知手段１２の出力から、水熱媒温度Ｔｗを検出し、ステップ♯４へ進む。
【００１７】
ステップ♯４では、水熱媒温度Ｔｗが低水温かどうかの判断をするために、水熱媒温度Ｔｗが所定の温度（例えば２０℃）以下かどうかの判定を行い、以下であればステップ♯９の処理へ進み、そうでなければステップ♯５へ進む。ステップ♯５では、除霜運転信号の有無により除霜運転中かどうかの判定を行い、除霜運転中であれば、ステップ♯１０の処理に進み、そうでなければステップ♯６の処理に進む。ステップ♯６では、図４に示すようなルーチンで暖房能力過不足判定を行い、不足のときはステップ♯８の処理に進み、不足でなければステップ♯７の処理へ進む。ステップ♯７では、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍと水熱媒温度Ｔｗに基づく通常運転の制御を行いステップ♯２へ戻る。
【００１８】
ステップ♯８では、圧縮機７を最大周波数で運転するとともに補助熱源用加熱手段４を動作させて水熱媒温度を制御する処理を行いステップ♯２へ戻る。また、ステップ♯９では、圧縮機７を最大周波数で運転するとともに補助熱源用加熱手段４を動作させて水熱媒温度を立上げる処理を行いステップ♯２へ戻る。さらに、ステップ♯１０では、除霜運転中のみ補助熱源用加熱手段４を動作させて水熱媒温度を制御する処理を行いステップ♯２へ戻る。
【００１９】
ステップ♯６の図４で示すルーチンでの暖房能力過不足判定は、まず、暖房能力過不足判定の開始とともに、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍの読込みを行い、続いて水熱媒温度Ｔｗの読込みを行い、さらに、周波数検知手段１６による圧縮機７の運転周波数の読込みを行う。この後、Ｔｍ−Ｔｗ≧Ａ（例えば１Ｋ）かどうかの判定を行い、Ｔｍ−Ｔｗ≧Ａであれば、その状態が所定時間（例えば１時間）経過し、しかも圧縮機７の運転周波数が最大周波数かどうかを判定し、そうでなければ、暖房能力過多の判定をして暖房能力過不足判定を終了する。Ｔｍ−Ｔｗ≧Ａでかつ、その状態が所定時間経過していれば暖房能力不足の判定をして暖房能力過不足判定を終了し、そうでなければ、始めのルーチンへ戻る。
【００２０】
ステップ♯６での暖房能力過不足判定は、図５に示すルーチンによって行うこともできる。まず、暖房能力過不足判定の開始とともに、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍの読込みを行い、続いて水熱媒温度Ｔｗの読込みを行い、さらに、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍと水熱媒温度Ｔｗの温度差ΔＴを算出し、ΔＴが先回より減少しているかどうかの判定を行い、減少していれば、暖房能力過多の判定をして暖房能力過不足判定を終了する。減少していなければ、Ｔｍ＞Ｔｗかどうかを判定し、Ｔｍ＞Ｔｗであれば暖房能力不足の判定をして暖房能力過不足判定を終了し、そうでなければ、暖房能力過多の判定をして暖房能力過不足判定を終了する。この暖房能力過不足判定では、圧縮機７の運転周波数の検知が不要なため、システムを簡素化できる。
【００２１】
ステップ♯８においては、ヒートポンプ運転だけでは、暖房能力不足としたため、補助熱源用加熱手段４を運転し、暖房能力不足を補うとともに圧縮機７の運転周波数を最大周波数に固定し、補助熱源用加熱手段４の制御で水熱媒温度Ｔｗが目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍになるように制御する。また、ヒートポンプ運転のみ、つまり圧縮機７の運転周波数が最大周波数の状態で水熱媒温度Ｔｗが目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍを満足したら、圧縮機７の運転周波数を制御する通常の制御に戻る。
【００２２】
ステップ♯９においては、初期の水熱媒温度Ｔｗが２０℃以下（低温）であるため、水熱媒温度の立上げを早め、速暖性を得るために補助熱源用加熱手段４を運転させる。このとき、圧縮機７の運転周波数を最大周波数に固定し、Ｔｍ−Ｔｗ≦Ｂ（例えば３Ｋ）に達したら、補助熱源用加熱手段４を停止し、圧縮機７の運転周波数を制御する通常の制御に戻る。
【００２３】
さらにステップ♯１０においては、除霜運転中であるため、補助熱源用加熱手段４を運転させ、除霜運転による水熱媒の温度低下を抑える。水熱媒の温度の過上昇を抑えるため、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍ＋所定値（例えば１℃）により補助熱源用加熱手段４の運転を制御する。除霜運転が終了したら補助熱源用加熱手段４を停止し、圧縮機７の運転周波数を制御する通常の制御に戻る。この場合、除霜運転信号による制御は、応答性が良く、より効果的に短時間での補助熱源用加熱手段４の運転により、水熱媒の温度低下を抑制できる。
【００２４】
このようにこの冷暖房システムでは、暖房運転開始時に必ず補助熱源用加熱手段４を運転させるのではなく、低水温のときのみ運転させ、また通常の状態では暖房能力不足時のみ補助熱源用加熱手段４を運転させるものであるため、補助熱源用加熱手段４の運転が必要最小限であり、エネルギー効率の良いヒートポンプ運転を最大限利用することにより、ランニングコストを低く抑えることができる。なお、補助熱源用加熱手段４については、複数設けて補助熱源用加熱手段４により、さらに容量制御を行っても構わない。また、補助熱源用加熱手段４としては、電気によるものの方が制御が容易であるが、ガスや灯油を燃焼させる方式のものも採用できる。
【００２５】
実施の形態２．
図６と図７に示す本実施の形態は、実施の形態１で示した冷暖房システムに急速暖房機能を付加したもので、この機能に係る構成以外は実施の形態１のものと同じである。従って、実施の形態１のものと同じ部分については実施の形態１のものと同じ符号を用い、それらについての説明は省略する。
【００２６】
本実施の形態の冷暖房システムの室内放熱器１０には図６に示すようにコントローラ１３及び室温を検知する室温検知手段１４が備えられ、コントローラ１３には急速暖房設定手段１７が設けられている。この急速暖房設定手段１７の設定は、ヒートポンプ熱源機９の制御手段１１に制御情報として送信される。暖房モードで急速暖房設定手段１７により急速暖房が設定されると、ヒートポンプ熱源機９の制御手段１１は、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍを、Ｔｍ＝Ｔｍ＋αとして、圧縮機７の運転周波数は、最大周波数に固定し、補助熱源用加熱手段４の制御で水熱媒温度Ｔｗが目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍになるよう急速暖房運転を行う。急速暖房設定手段１７により急速暖房が解除されると急速暖房運転を終了し、目標水熱媒温度Ｔｍを通常の状態に戻し、補助熱源用加熱手段４を停止し、圧縮機７の運転周波数を制御する通常の制御に戻る。急速暖房運転時において、所定時間が経過したら、急速暖房設定を解除するようにしてもよく、また、急速暖房運転時において、設定室温に達していれば急速暖房設定を解除するようにしてもよい。これにより、起動時や帰宅時、換気後などで室内を急速に暖房したい場合の急速暖房の要求に応えることができる。これ以外の機能は実施の形態１のものと同じである。
【００２７】
実施の形態３．
図８に示す本実施の形態は、実施の形態１で示した冷暖房システムを装備した住宅に関するもので、冷暖房システム自体の構成は実施の形態１で示したものと同じである。従って、実施の形態１で示したものと同じ部分については実施の形態１のものと同じ符号を用い、それらについての説明は省略する。
【００２８】
本実施の形態の冷暖房システム付き住宅１８は、ヒートポンプ熱源機９の主要部の一部の室外熱交換器５、圧縮機７、四方切換弁６、流量調節弁８が住宅１８外に配備され、室内には、この他のヒートポンプ熱源機９の主要部と室内放熱器１０が配備されている。圧縮機７等、運転音を発するものは、住宅１８外に置かれ、運転音の殆ど発しない室内放熱器１０が室内に配備され、静粛な室内環境を実現している。また、バッファタンク１等、水熱媒を送水する部分が室内に配備されていることにより、水熱媒等からの放熱が室内へなされるため高効率となる。冷暖房システム自体は、高効率で省エネルギー性があり、住宅１８の空調にかかるランニングコストも低く快適な空調環境が得られる。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、ランニングコストが安価な暖房システムが得られる。
【００３０】
またこの発明によれば、ランニングコストの低い暖房システム付き住宅が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施の形態１の冷暖房システムを示すシステム構成図である。
【図２】実施の形態１の冷暖房システムにおける制御系のブロック構成図である。
【図３】実施の形態１の冷暖房システムにおける制御手段の制御動作を示すフローチャートである。
【図４】図３のステップ♯６のルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【図５】図３のステップ♯６の他のルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【図６】実施の形態２の冷暖房システムを示すシステム構成図である。
【図７】実施の形態２の冷暖房システムにおける制御系のブロック構成図である。
【図８】実施の形態３の冷暖房システム付き住宅を示す構成図である。
【符号の説明】
２循環ポンプ、３熱交換器、４補助熱源用加熱手段、５室外熱交換器、７圧縮機、９ヒートポンプ熱源機、１０室内放熱器、１１制御手段、１２水熱媒温度検知手段、１４室温検知手段、１５室温設定手段、１６周波数検知手段、１７急速暖房設定手段、１８住宅。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a heating system and a heating system that heats a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle to a hydrothermal medium via a heat exchanger, and performs heating with a hydrothermal medium supplied from a heat pump heat source that generates and conveys hot water It is about the house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a cooling / heating system, also called a heat pump chiller cooling / heating system, which generates a water / heat medium to be used for cooling / heating with the heat collected by the heat pump cycle, and sends it to the indoor radiator to cool / cool, the amount of heat that can be collected in the heat pump cycle Since it depends on the temperature, when the outside air temperature is low, the heating capacity is lowered, and the required heating atmosphere is difficult to obtain. Such a problem is solved by operating the auxiliary heater (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-55-118543 (pages 5 to 11, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described conventional heat pump type air conditioner, when the heating load output line is connected to the operation controller and the frequency of the power supply to the compressor motor is controlled to a predetermined value or more, the operation controller supplies the auxiliary heater. The operation of is possible. In the conventional technique in which the auxiliary heater is operated by the compressor operating frequency that is proportional to the temperature difference between the set temperature and the room temperature, the compressor operating frequency is the maximum frequency or a predetermined frequency at the start of operation or when the heating load changes. Even when the heating load can be satisfied with the heating capacity exceeding the value and the temperature approaches the set temperature, if the operating frequency of the compressor is equal to or higher than the maximum frequency or a predetermined value, heating by the auxiliary heater is performed and the running cost is high. There is a problem of sticking. In addition, during the defrosting operation, the operation of the auxiliary heater at the operating frequency of the compressor is such that if the operating frequency of the compressor during the defrosting operation is less than a predetermined value of the operating frequency of the compressor that operates the auxiliary heater, There is also a problem that the heating capacity of the indoor radiator is reduced and the heating is temporarily stopped, and the compressor operating frequency during the defrosting operation is the operating frequency of the compressor that operates the auxiliary heater. When the value is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the auxiliary heater operates, but there is also a problem that the running cost is increased because heating is performed more than necessary when the heating load is small or when the heating load is changed.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems, and a first object is to obtain a heating system with a low running cost, and a second object is to provide the heating system. The third objective is to develop a house with a heating system with low running cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat pump heat source apparatus comprising a water supply means for exchanging heat of a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor with a hydrothermal medium via a heat exchanger and feeding the hydrothermal medium. And an indoor radiator that is connected to the heat pump heat source unit and performs cooling and heating with a water heat medium conveyed from the heat pump heat source unit, an auxiliary heat source heating unit that heats the water heat medium, a compressor and a heating unit for the auxiliary heat source For a heating system provided with a control means for controlling operation, the target hydrothermal medium temperature is calculated based on the set temperature set by the room temperature setting means and the room temperature from the room temperature detection means during heating. The heating capacity of the heating capacity is determined by the difference between the temperature detected by the water heat medium temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the water heat medium and the target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature). If the change is stable or increasing and the temperature of the hydrothermal medium does not reach the target hydrothermal medium temperature, the auxiliary heat source heating means is operated. Otherwise, the auxiliary heat source heating means is operated. A means for performing a control operation to stop the operation is employed.
[0007]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat pump comprising a water supply means for exchanging heat of a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor with a water heat medium via a heat exchanger, and supplying the water heat medium. A heat source unit, an indoor radiator connected to the heat pump heat source unit for cooling and heating with a water heat medium conveyed from the heat pump heat source unit, heating means for auxiliary heat source for heating the water heat medium, heating for the compressor and auxiliary heat source A heating system provided with a control means for controlling the operation of the means, the target hydrothermal medium temperature targeted by the set temperature set by the room temperature setting means during heating and the room temperature from the room temperature detection means in the control means The temperature detected by the water heat medium temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the water heat medium and the operating frequency by the operating frequency detecting means for detecting the operating frequency of the compressor are taken in, When the excess / shortage determination of the cell capacity is performed and the difference between the detected temperature and the target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature) is large for a predetermined time and the operation frequency is maximum The means for operating the auxiliary heat source heating means is employed, and when not, means for performing the control operation for stopping the auxiliary heat source heating means is employed.
[0008]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat pump heat source comprising a water supply means for exchanging heat between a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor and a water heat medium via a heat exchanger and supplying the water heat medium. , An indoor radiator that is connected to the heat pump heat source device and performs cooling and heating with a water heat medium conveyed from the heat pump heat source device, a heating means for the auxiliary heat source that heats the water heat medium, a heating means for the compressor and the auxiliary heat source For a house with a heating system provided with a control means for controlling the operation of the heat pump, a part of the main part of the heat pump heat source machine is installed outdoors, the other main part and the indoor radiator are installed indoors, and the control means Accordingly, during heating, the target target water heating medium temperature is calculated from the set temperature set by the room temperature setting means and the room temperature from the room temperature detecting means, and the temperature of the water heating medium is detected. Depending on the difference between the temperature detected by the degree detection means and the target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature), the heating capacity is judged to be excessive or insufficient, and the change is stable or increasing. Yes, if the temperature of the hydrothermal medium does not reach the target hydrothermal medium temperature, means for operating the auxiliary heat source heating means is employed, and otherwise, means for stopping the auxiliary heat source heating means is adopted.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
The present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 performs cooling and heating with a heat source side heat medium cycle configured by a heat source machine that generates and conveys a water heat medium such as an antifreeze liquid and the water heat medium supplied thereby. The present invention relates to a cooling / heating system including a use-side cycle including an indoor radiator. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat source machine includes a buffer tank 1 that stores a water heat medium, a circulation pump 2 that serves as a water supply means for circulating the water heat medium in the buffer tank 1, and a water heat medium that passes through the heat exchanger 3. And a heat pump type refrigeration cycle for heating or cooling.
[0010]
The buffer tank 1 is provided with a forward connection port and a return connection port. The forward connection port is connected to the suction side of the circulation pump 2, and the return connection port is used for heat collection. The outlet side of the heating means 4 for auxiliary heat source connected in series to the secondary flow path of the exchanger 3 is connected by piping. On the discharge side of the circulation pump 2, a forward side piping of the usage side cycle is connected, and on the inlet side of the secondary flow path of the heat exchanger 3, a return side piping of the usage side cycle is connected. The refrigeration cycle by the heat pump is a heat medium circulation closed circuit constituted by the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the four-way switching valve 6, the compressor 7, the flow control valve 8, and the primary flow path of the heat exchanger 3. They are independent from each other and do not mix with each other, but are thermally connected by the heat exchanger 3. The heat source apparatus having the above configuration is housed in a single casing as the heat pump heat source apparatus 9 and is installed outdoors.
[0011]
The use side cycle is configured as a circulation system of the water heat medium by the indoor radiator 10 connected to the forward side pipe and the return side pipe. The indoor radiator 10 is a set of one or more fan coil units that perform cooling or heating functions while circulating or heating indoor air, and a floor heating panel that performs heating or cooling functions by radiation. Alternatively, a plurality of sets of radiation panels are connected.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat pump heat source unit 9 is equipped with a control unit 11 including a microcomputer for controlling the circulation pump 2, the compressor 7, the auxiliary heat source heating unit 4 and the like. The control unit 11 includes a cooling mode. And a controller having a setting switch for setting the heating mode and a display means for displaying an operation state or the like by an LED, a liquid crystal or the like is connected to be able to exchange signals by a signal line or an infrared signal. The control means 11 takes in the output of the water heat medium temperature detecting means 12 for detecting the temperature of the water heat medium at the outlet of the buffer tank 1 as control information.
[0013]
Further, the indoor radiator 10 is provided with a controller 13 and a room temperature detecting means 14 for detecting the room temperature and a room temperature setting means 15, and the flow rate of the water heating medium is moved by operating the controller 13. Thus, the feedback control is performed so that the room temperature becomes the set temperature, and the operation information, the set temperature, and the room temperature are transmitted as control information to the control means 11 of the heat pump heat source unit 9.
[0014]
When the heating mode is set by the controller of the heat pump heat source unit 9, the control means 11 switches the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump to the heating cycle, and takes in the operation information from the controller 13 of the indoor radiator 10. When an operation request signal is input from any of the indoor radiators 10, the heat pump heat source unit 9 is controlled so that the temperature of the hydrothermal medium sent to the use-side cycle becomes a temperature that can be heated. When there is no operation request signal from the indoor radiator 10 side, the circulation pump 2 is stopped.
[0015]
On the other hand, when the cooling mode is set by the controller of the heat pump heat source unit 9, the control means 11 switches the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump to the cooling cycle and takes in the operation information from the controller 13 of the indoor radiator 10. When an operation request signal is input from any of the indoor radiators 10, the heat pump heat source unit 9 is controlled so that the temperature of the water heat medium sent to the indoor radiator 10 can be cooled, for example, 7 ° C. When there is no operation request signal from the indoor radiator 10 side, the circulation pump 2 is stopped.
[0016]
The cooling / heating system of the present embodiment is based on the theme of reducing the running cost in the heating operation, and the control means 11 performs a control operation as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 in the heating mode. That is, when the heating operation is started in step # 1 in FIG. 3, it is determined in step # 2 from the set temperature from the controller 13 of the indoor radiator 10 and the output of the room temperature detecting means 14 of the indoor radiator 10 according to the indoor heating load. The target hydrothermal medium temperature Tm is calculated, and the process proceeds to step # 3. In step # 3, the water heat medium temperature Tw is detected from the output of the water heat medium temperature detecting means 12, and the process proceeds to step # 4.
[0017]
In step # 4, in order to determine whether or not the water heating medium temperature Tw is a low water temperature, it is determined whether or not the water heating medium temperature Tw is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.). If not, the process proceeds to step # 5. In step # 5, it is determined whether or not the defrosting operation is being performed based on the presence or absence of the defrosting operation signal. If the defrosting operation is being performed, the process proceeds to step # 10; otherwise, the process proceeds to step # 6. . In step # 6, the heating capacity excess / deficiency determination is performed in a routine as shown in FIG. 4. When the amount is insufficient, the process proceeds to step # 8, and when not insufficient, the process proceeds to step # 7. In step # 7, the normal operation is controlled based on the target water heat medium temperature Tm and the water heat medium temperature Tw, and the process returns to step # 2.
[0018]
In step # 8, the compressor 7 is operated at the maximum frequency and the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated to control the water heat medium temperature, and the process returns to step # 2. In step # 9, the compressor 7 is operated at the maximum frequency and the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated to raise the temperature of the water heating medium, and the process returns to step # 2. Further, in step # 10, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated only during the defrosting operation to control the water heating medium temperature, and the process returns to step # 2.
[0019]
The heating capacity excess / deficiency determination in the routine shown in FIG. 4 in step # 6 is performed by first reading the target water heating medium temperature Tm at the start of the heating capacity excess / deficiency determination, and subsequently reading the water heating medium temperature Tw. In addition, the operation frequency of the compressor 7 is read by the frequency detection means 16. Thereafter, it is determined whether Tm−Tw ≧ A (for example, 1K). If Tm−Tw ≧ A, the state has passed for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour), and the operating frequency of the compressor 7 is maximum. It is determined whether or not it is a frequency, and if not, it is determined that the heating capacity is excessive, and the heating capacity excess / shortage determination is terminated. If Tm−Tw ≧ A and the state has elapsed for a predetermined time, it is determined that the heating capacity is insufficient and the heating capacity excess / deficiency determination is terminated. If not, the process returns to the first routine.
[0020]
The heating capacity excess / deficiency determination in step # 6 can also be performed by the routine shown in FIG. First, with the start of heating capacity excess / deficiency determination, the target water heating medium temperature Tm is read, then the water heating medium temperature Tw is read, and further, the target water heating medium temperature Tm and the temperature of the water heating medium temperature Tw are read. The difference ΔT is calculated, and it is determined whether ΔT has decreased from the previous time. If it has decreased, it is determined that the heating capacity is excessive, and the heating capacity excess / deficiency determination is terminated. If not decreased, it is determined whether or not Tm> Tw. If Tm> Tw, it is determined that the heating capacity is insufficient, and the heating capacity excess / deficiency determination is terminated. Otherwise, the excess heating capacity is determined. Finish the heating capacity excess / deficiency judgment. In this heating capacity excess / deficiency determination, since it is not necessary to detect the operating frequency of the compressor 7, the system can be simplified.
[0021]
In step # 8, since the heating capacity is insufficient only by the heat pump operation, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated to compensate for the insufficient heating capacity and to fix the operating frequency of the compressor 7 to the maximum frequency, thereby heating the auxiliary heat source. By controlling the means 4, the water heating medium temperature Tw is controlled to become the target water heating medium temperature Tm. Further, when only the heat pump operation is performed, that is, when the operation frequency of the compressor 7 is at the maximum frequency and the hydrothermal medium temperature Tw satisfies the target hydrothermal medium temperature Tm, the control returns to the normal control for controlling the operation frequency of the compressor 7.
[0022]
In step # 9, since the initial hydrothermal medium temperature Tw is 20 ° C. or lower (low temperature), the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated in order to accelerate the rise of the hydrothermal medium temperature and obtain quick warming. . At this time, when the operating frequency of the compressor 7 is fixed to the maximum frequency and Tm−Tw ≦ B (for example, 3K) is reached, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is stopped and the operating frequency of the compressor 7 is controlled. Return to control.
[0023]
Further, in step # 10, since the defrosting operation is being performed, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated to suppress the temperature drop of the water heat medium due to the defrosting operation. In order to suppress an excessive increase in the temperature of the water heating medium, the operation of the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is controlled by the target water heating medium temperature Tm + a predetermined value (for example, 1 ° C.). When the defrosting operation is completed, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is stopped, and the normal control for controlling the operating frequency of the compressor 7 is resumed. In this case, the control by the defrosting operation signal has good responsiveness, and the temperature reduction of the hydrothermal medium can be suppressed more effectively by the operation of the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 in a short time.
[0024]
Thus, in this air conditioning system, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is not necessarily operated at the start of the heating operation, but is operated only when the water temperature is low, and in the normal state, only when the heating capacity is insufficient, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is operated. Therefore, the operation of the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is minimally required, and the running cost can be kept low by making maximum use of the energy efficient heat pump operation. Note that a plurality of auxiliary heat source heating means 4 may be provided, and the capacity control may be further performed by the auxiliary heat source heating means 4. Moreover, as the auxiliary heat source heating means 4, control by electricity is easier, but a method of burning gas or kerosene can also be adopted.
[0025]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
The present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is obtained by adding a rapid heating function to the air conditioning system shown in the first embodiment, and is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the configuration related to this function. Therefore, the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 6, the indoor radiator 10 of the cooling / heating system of the present embodiment is provided with a controller 13 and a room temperature detecting means 14 for detecting the room temperature, and the controller 13 is provided with a rapid heating setting means 17. The setting of the rapid heating setting means 17 is transmitted as control information to the control means 11 of the heat pump heat source unit 9. When rapid heating is set by the rapid heating setting means 17 in the heating mode, the control means 11 of the heat pump heat source unit 9 sets the target water heat medium temperature Tm to Tm = Tm + α, and the operating frequency of the compressor 7 is the maximum frequency. And the rapid heating operation is performed so that the water heat medium temperature Tw becomes the target water heat medium temperature Tm under the control of the heating means 4 for the auxiliary heat source. When the rapid heating is canceled by the rapid heating setting means 17, the rapid heating operation is terminated, the target water heating medium temperature Tm is returned to the normal state, the auxiliary heat source heating means 4 is stopped, and the operation frequency of the compressor 7 is set. Return to normal control to control. During the rapid heating operation, the rapid heating setting may be canceled when a predetermined time has elapsed, and when the set room temperature is reached during the rapid heating operation, the rapid heating setting may be canceled. . Thereby, the request | requirement of the rapid heating in the case of wanting to heat a room rapidly at the time of starting, returning home, after ventilation, etc. can be met. Other functions are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0027]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
The present embodiment shown in FIG. 8 relates to a house equipped with the air conditioning system shown in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the air conditioning system itself is the same as that shown in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0028]
In the house 18 with the air conditioning system according to the present embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the compressor 7, the four-way switching valve 6, and the flow rate control valve 8 that are a part of the main part of the heat pump heat source unit 9 are arranged outside the house 18. The main part of the other heat pump heat source unit 9 and the indoor radiator 10 are arranged in the room. The compressor 7 or the like that emits driving noise is placed outside the house 18 and the indoor radiator 10 that hardly generates driving noise is provided indoors to realize a quiet indoor environment. In addition, since the portion for supplying the water heat medium such as the buffer tank 1 is provided in the room, the heat radiation from the water heat medium or the like is performed in the room, so that the efficiency becomes high. The air-conditioning system itself is highly efficient and energy-saving, and the running cost for air-conditioning of the house 18 is low and a comfortable air-conditioning environment can be obtained.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to this invention, a heating system with a low running cost can be obtained.
[0030]
Moreover, according to this invention, the house with a heating system with a low running cost is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an air conditioning system according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram of a control system in the air conditioning system according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the control means in the air conditioning system of the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a routine of step # 6 in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing another routine of step # 6 of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram showing an air conditioning system according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a block configuration diagram of a control system in the air conditioning system according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a house with an air conditioning system according to a third embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 circulation pump, 3 heat exchanger, 4 heating means for auxiliary heat source, 5 outdoor heat exchanger, 7 compressor, 9 heat pump heat source machine, 10 indoor radiator, 11 control means, 12 water heat medium temperature detecting means, 14 room temperature Detection means, 15 Room temperature setting means, 16 Frequency detection means, 17 Rapid heating setting means, 18 Housing.

Claims

A heat pump heat source machine having water supply means for exchanging heat from a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor with a hydrothermal medium via a heat exchanger and feeding the hydrothermal medium, and the heat pump connected to the heat pump heat source machine An indoor radiator that cools and heats with a water heating medium conveyed from the heat source unit, an auxiliary heat source heating unit that heats the water heating medium, and a control unit that controls the operation of the compressor and the auxiliary heat source heating unit. The control means calculates a target target water heating medium temperature based on the set temperature set by the room temperature setting means during heating and the room temperature from the room temperature detection means, Based on the change in the difference between the temperature detected by the water heat medium temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the medium and the target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature), it is determined whether the heating capacity is excessive or insufficient. Done If the temperature of the hydrothermal medium does not reach the target hydrothermal medium temperature, the auxiliary heat source heating means is operated if the temperature of the hydrothermal medium does not reach the target hydrothermal medium temperature, and otherwise the auxiliary heat source heating means is stopped. A heating system characterized by performing an operation.

A heat pump heat source machine having water supply means for exchanging heat from a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor with a hydrothermal medium via a heat exchanger and feeding the hydrothermal medium, and the heat pump connected to the heat pump heat source machine An indoor radiator that cools and heats with a water heating medium conveyed from the heat source unit, an auxiliary heat source heating unit that heats the water heating medium, and a control unit that controls the operation of the compressor and the auxiliary heat source heating unit. The control unit calculates a target target water heating medium temperature based on the set temperature set by the room temperature setting unit and the room temperature from the room temperature detection unit during heating, and the water heating medium The temperature detected by the water heating medium temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the compressor and the operating frequency by the operating frequency detecting means for detecting the operating frequency of the compressor are taken to determine whether the heating capacity is excessive or insufficient. When the difference between the detected temperature and the target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature) is large for a predetermined time and the operation frequency is maximum, the auxiliary heat source heating means is operated. If not, a heating system is provided that performs a control operation to stop the heating means for the auxiliary heat source.

3. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to heat the compressor and the auxiliary heat source when the temperature detected by the hydrothermal medium temperature detecting unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined value at the initial stage of heating operation. The heating system is characterized by performing a control operation to operate only the compressor when the means is operated and the predetermined value is exceeded.

The heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control means performs a control operation of operating the auxiliary heat source heating means by a defrosting operation signal of the heat pump heat source machine. Heating system.

The heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein rapid heating setting means for setting rapid heating is provided, and the control means is a temperature higher than a normal temperature by a signal of the rapid heating setting means. A heating system characterized by performing a control operation so as to generate a hydrothermal medium.

6. The heating system according to claim 5, wherein the control means cancels the control operation at the time of rapid heating setting when a predetermined time has elapsed at the time of rapid heating setting.

6. The heating system according to claim 5, wherein the control means cancels the control operation at the time of setting the rapid heating if the predetermined room temperature is reached at the time of setting the rapid heating.

A heat pump heat source machine having water supply means for exchanging heat from a refrigerant of a heat pump cycle having a compressor with a hydrothermal medium via a heat exchanger and feeding the hydrothermal medium, and the heat pump connected to the heat pump heat source machine An indoor radiator that cools and heats with a water heating medium conveyed from the heat source unit, an auxiliary heat source heating unit that heats the water heating medium, and a control unit that controls the operation of the compressor and the auxiliary heat source heating unit. A part of the main part of the heat pump heat source machine is installed outdoors, and the other main part and the indoor radiator are installed indoors. The target hydrothermal medium temperature is calculated based on the set temperature set by the room temperature setting means and the room temperature from the room temperature detecting means, and the detected temperature by the hydrothermal medium temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal medium; Based on a change in the difference from this target water heat medium temperature (target water heat medium temperature-detected water heat medium temperature), the heating capacity is judged to be excessive or insufficient, and the change is stable or increasing, and the temperature of the water heat medium is A house with a heating system in which the heating means for the auxiliary heat source is operated if the target hydrothermal medium temperature is not reached, and the heating means for the auxiliary heat source is stopped otherwise.