JP3595676B2 - Music sound generating apparatus and music sound generating method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tone generator and a tone generator, and more particularly to an apparatus and a method for synthesizing an envelope waveform with a fine envelope waveform.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various sound waveforms are stored in the memory, and the sound waveforms are read out at a speed corresponding to the pitch. Further, an envelope waveform is generated by calculation, and the above-mentioned musical tone waveform is multiplied and synthesized with the envelope waveform and output as a musical tone.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the sound in the natural world changes subtly, and there is a subtle change that cannot be dealt with simply by switching the tone waveform and the envelope waveform. An object of the present invention is to realize such a subtle change in sound in the natural world.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, an envelope fine waveform is generated and combined with the envelope waveform, and the envelope waveform is finely changed. As a result, the envelope waveform can be subtly changed, and the sound can be made closer to a sound existing in the natural world. Further, since the envelope waveform is synthesized with the envelope waveform, the tone color of the synthesized musical tone can be changed without changing the frequency characteristics of the musical tone waveform.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1. Whole circuit
FIG. 1 shows an entire circuit of a musical tone control device or an electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 11 is used to instruct sound generation and mute of a musical tone. The key scan circuit 12 scans the keys, detects key-on and key-off data, and writes the data to the program / data storage unit 4 by the controller 2. The controller 2 compares the data with the data indicating the on / off state of each key stored in the program / data storage unit 4 until then, and determines whether each key is on or off.
[0006]
Each key of the keyboard 11 is provided with a step touch switch, the above-described scan is performed for each step switch, and an on event / off event is detected for each on / off at the head of each step switch. The step switch generates the touch information indicating the speed and strength of the touch, that is, the initial touch data and the after touch data.
[0007]
The keyboard 11 is composed of a lower keyboard, an upper keyboard, a pedal keyboard, and the like, and each generates a tone having a different tone color, that is, a tone having a different envelope waveform. With regard to the upper keyboard, it is also possible to simultaneously play two tones with one key-on. Note that the keyboard 11 is replaced by an electronic stringed instrument, an electronic wind (wind) instrument, an electronic percussion instrument (pad or the like), a keyboard of a computer, or the like.
[0008]
Each switch of the panel switch group 13 is scanned by the panel scan circuit 14. By this scanning, data indicating ON / OFF of each switch is detected, and written into the program / data storage unit 4 by the controller 2. The controller 2 compares the data with the data indicating the on / off state of each switch stored in the program / data storage unit 4 until then, and determines whether the switch is on or off.
[0009]
The MIDI interface 15 is an interface for transmitting and receiving musical sound data to and from an externally connected electronic musical instrument. The musical sound data conforms to the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) standard, and a tone is generated based on the musical sound data.
[0010]
The keyboard 11 or the MIDI interface 15 also includes an automatic performance device. The performance information (tone generation information) generated from the keyboard 11, panel switch group 13, and MIDI interface 15 is information for generating a tone.
[0011]
The performance information (musical tone generation information) is musical factor (factor) information, and includes pitch (tone range) information (pitch determining factor), sounding time information, performance field information, number of sounds, resonance degree information, and the like. is there. The pronunciation time information indicates the elapsed time from the start of the tone generation. The performance field information indicates performance part information, tone part information, instrument part information, etc., such as melody, accompaniment, chord, bass, rhythm, MIDI, etc., or upper keyboard, lower keyboard, foot keyboard, solo keyboard, etc. , MIDI, etc.
[0012]
The pitch information is taken in as key number data KN. The key number data KN includes octave data (sound range data) and note name data. The performance field information is fetched as part number data PN. The part number data PN is data for identifying each performance area, and is set according to the performance area from which the musical tone for which the sounding operation has been performed originates.
[0013]
The sounding time information is taken in as tone time data TM, obtained by a flowchart described later, based on time count data from a key-on event, or substituted in an envelope phase. This sounding time information is shown in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-219324 and drawings as time information elapsed from the start of sounding.
[0014]
The number-of-sounds information indicates the number of tones sounding simultaneously. For example, based on the number of tones whose on / off data of the assignment memory 40 is "1", this number is shown in FIG. 9 of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-242878. 15 and FIGS. 8 and 18 of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-2476855, FIGS. 9 and 20 of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-276857, and FIGS. 9 and 21 of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-276858. Can be
[0015]
The resonance degree information indicates the degree of resonance between one musical tone and another musical tone that are sounding simultaneously. If the pitch frequency of this one tone and the pitch frequency of the other tone are small integer multiples such as 1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4, 4: 5, 5: 6, the resonance degree information The value is large, and the value of the resonance degree information is small if the ratio is a large integer multiple such as 9: 8, 15: 8, 15:16, 45:32, 64:45. This resonance degree information is read from the resonance correlation table 53 or the resonance ratio table 54 in FIG. 7 of Japanese Patent Application No. 1-314818.
[0016]
Further, the panel switch group 13 is provided with various switches, and the various switches are a tone tablet, an effect switch, a rhythm switch, a pedal, a wheel, a lever, a dial, a handle, a touch switch, and the like, and are used for musical instruments. . This pedal is a damper pedal, a sustain pedal, a mute pedal, a soft pedal, or the like.
[0017]
From these various switches, tone control information is generated. The tone control information is information for controlling the generated tone, which is musical factor (factor) information, tone color information (tone color determining factor), touch information (sound generation). (Instruction operation speed / strength), number-of-sounds information, resonance degree information, effect information, rhythm information, sound image (stereo) information, quantize information, modulation information, tempo information, volume information, envelope information, and the like. These musical factor information are also combined with the performance information (musical sound information) and are input from the various switches, combined with the automatic performance information, or combined with the performance information transmitted and received by the interface.
[0018]
The timbre information corresponds to types of musical instruments (sounding media / sounding means) such as keyboard instruments (pianos, etc.), wind instruments (flutes, etc.), string instruments (violins, etc.), and percussion instruments (drums, etc.). Imported as TN. The envelope information includes an envelope level EL, an envelope time ET, an envelope phase EF, and the like.
[0019]
Such musical factor information is sent to the controller 2, and various signals, data, and parameters, which will be described later, are switched, and the content of the musical sound is determined. The performance information (tone generating information) and tone control information are processed by the controller 2, various data are sent to the tone signal generator 5, and a tone waveform signal MW is generated. The controller 2 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
[0020]
The program / data storage unit 4 (internal storage medium / means) includes a storage device such as a ROM or a writable RAM, a flash memory or an EEPROM, and is stored in an information storage unit 7 (external storage medium / means) such as an optical disk or a magnetic disk. The stored computer program is transcribed and stored (installed / transferred). The program / data storage unit 4 also stores (installs / transfers) a program transmitted from an external electronic musical instrument or a computer via the MIDI device or the transmitting / receiving device. The storage medium of the program includes a communication medium.
[0021]
This installation (transfer / copy) is automatically executed when the information storage unit 7 is set in the musical tone generating apparatus or when the power of the musical tone generating apparatus is turned on, or is installed by an operation by an operator. You. The above-mentioned program is a program according to a flowchart described later for the controller 2 to perform various processes.
[0022]
Note that another operating system, a system program (OS), and other programs are stored in the device in advance, and the above-described program may be executed together with the OS and other programs. This program, when installed and executed in the present apparatus (computer body), may be capable of executing the processes and functions described in the claims together with another program or independently.
[0023]
In addition, part or all of this program is stored and executed in one or more other devices other than the present device, and the data to be processed / the already processed The transmitted data / program may be transmitted / received, and the present invention may be executed as a whole of the present apparatus and another apparatus.
[0024]
The program / data storage unit 4 also stores the above-described musical factor information, the above-described various data, and other various data. The various data includes data necessary for time division processing, data for assignment to time division channels, and the like.
[0025]
In the tone signal generator 5, a tone waveform signal MW of a predetermined length is repeatedly generated and output from the sound system 6. The generation speed of the repeatedly generated tone waveform signal MW is changed according to the pitch information. In addition, the waveform shape of the repetitively generated tone waveform signal MW is switched according to musical factor information such as the above tone color information. The tone signal generator 5 generates a plurality of tone signals simultaneously by time-division processing and generates polyphonic sounds.
[0026]
From the timing generator 3, a timing control signal for synchronizing all the circuits of the tone generator is output to each circuit. The timing control signal includes a clock signal of each cycle, a signal obtained by ANDing or ORing these clock signals, a signal having a cycle of a channel division time of time division processing, channel number data CHNo, time count data TI, and the like. including. The time count data TI indicates an absolute time, that is, a lapse of time. The period from the overflow reset to the next overflow reset of the time count data TI is longer than the longest sounding time of each musical tone, and may be several times in some cases. Is set.
[0027]
2. Partial sound table 20
FIG. 2 shows a partial sound table 20 in the program / data storage unit 4. The partial tone table 20 stores data of each partial tone constituting a tone of each tone (tone number data TN), and the corresponding partial tone data is converted from the tone number data TN and read out. The partial sound data includes a plurality of frequency number ratio data FNR, a plurality of envelope data, and envelope fine data EB.
[0028]
The frequency number ratio data FNR indicates the ratio of the frequency of each partial sound to the fundamental frequency corresponding to the pitch. The designated pitch frequency is multiplied by the frequency number ratio data FNR to determine the frequency of each partial sound. Since the frequency number ratio data FNR of the fundamental frequency is “1”, it may be omitted. The tone waveforms having different frequencies become partial tone waveforms.
[0029]
The envelope data indicates an envelope for each partial sound. Each of the envelope data is made up of envelope speed data ES and envelope level data EL for each envelope phase. The envelope speed data ES indicates a step value of a calculation per one cycle of digital calculation of the envelope. The envelope level data EL indicates a target value at which the envelope calculation value reaches at the end of each phase. The amplitude of the envelope waveform data EN (partial envelope waveforms EN1, EN2, EN3,...) Calculated based on the envelope speed data ES and the envelope level data EL indicates the amount of each partial sound (each musical tone). Each of these envelope speed data ES and each of the envelope level data EL, that is, each of the envelope data forms each of the partial envelope waveforms.
[0030]
The number of partial sounds is plural for one tone color, but may be one in some cases. This partial sound is synthesized and output for each musical tone. The synthesis ratio changes according to the envelope data. If the envelope calculation level based on the envelope data is “0”, the ratio of the partial sound is “0”. This “0” may appear only in a part of the entire envelope waveform. One channel is assigned to each of the partial sounds, and the envelopes are individually controlled, synthesized, and output.
[0031]
The type of the envelope fine waveform data EB is specified by the envelope fine designation data BS, and this envelope fine waveform data EB is synthesized with the envelope waveform data EN (partial envelope waveforms EN1, EN2, EN3,...) To form the envelope waveform data EN (partial). The envelope waveforms EN1, EN2, EN3,... Are finely changed. The plurality of types of envelope fine waveform data EB are stored in a memory and selected ones are sequentially read out, filtered, and combined with the envelope waveform data EN (partial envelope waveforms EN1, EN2, EN3,...) And output. Is done.
[0032]
3. Assignment memory 40
FIG. 3 shows the assignment memory 40 of the tone signal generator 5. In the assignment memory 40, a plurality of (16, 32 or 64, etc.) channel memory areas are formed, and data relating to partial sounds assigned to a plurality of tone generation channels formed in the tone signal generation unit 5 are stored. It is memorized.
[0033]
In each of these channel memory areas, frequency number data FN, key number data KN, envelope speed data ES, envelope level data EL, envelope fine designation data BS, and envelope phase data EF of partial sounds to which channels are assigned are stored. You. Note that tone number data TN, touch data TC, tone time data TM, part number data PN, resonance degree information, on / off data, and the like are also stored.
[0034]
The on / off data indicates whether the assigned musical tone (partial tone) is being keyed on or sounding ("1"), keyed off or muted ("0"). The frequency number data FN indicates the frequency value of the assigned partial sound, and is converted from the key number data KN and further multiplied by the frequency number ratio data FNR. The program / data storage unit 4 is provided with a table (decoder) for this conversion.
[0035]
The envelope speed data ES, envelope level data EL, envelope phase data EF, and envelope fine designation data BS are as described above. The count value from the phase counter 50 is fetched and stored in the assignment memory 40 as envelope phase data EF.
[0036]
The key number data KN indicates the pitch (frequency) of the assigned and pronounced musical tone, and is determined according to the pitch information. The key number data KN is stored for all partial tones constituting one musical tone. Each time a partial tone is assigned to a channel and synthesized when there is an ON event, the key number data KN is stored in the corresponding memory of the assignment memory 40. The key number data KN that is additionally stored in the channel memory area and corresponding to each off event is deleted. The upper data of the key number data KN indicates the range or octave, and the lower data indicates the note name.
[0037]
The tone number data TN indicates the tone color of a musical tone assigned and pronounced, and is determined according to the tone color information. If the tone number data TN is different, the timbre is different, and the tone waveform of the tone is also different. The touch data TC indicates the speed or strength of the sounding operation, and is determined according to the touch information. The part number data PN indicates each performance area as described above, and is set according to which performance area the tone generated by the sounding operation is from. The tone time data TM indicates an elapsed time from the key-on event.
[0038]
Each data of these channel memory areas is written at the ON timing and / or the OFF timing, and is rewritten or read at each channel timing, and is processed by the tone signal generating unit 5. The assignment memory 40 may be provided in the program / data storage unit 4 or the controller 2 instead of in the tone signal generation unit 5.
[0039]
A method of assigning or truncating each tone to a plurality of tone generating systems for generating a plurality of musical tones (partial tones) in parallel, ie, a channel formed by the time division processing, is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei. The methods described in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 1-305818, 1-312175, 2-208179, 2-409577, and 2-409578 are used.
[0040]
4. Music signal generator 5
FIG. 4 shows the tone signal generator 5. The frequency number data FN, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch data TC, and the like of each channel of the assignment memory 40 are sent to the waveform reading unit 41, and the tone number data TN and part number data are sent from the waveform memory 42. The tone waveform data MW corresponding to the PN and the touch data TC is selected in a time-division manner.
[0041]
Each frequency number data FN is sequentially accumulated in a time-division manner, and upper data of the accumulated value is sent to the waveform memory 42 as a read address, and the selected musical tone waveform data MW is converted into a speed (pitch) according to the frequency number data FN. ) Is read out in a time sharing manner. The read musical tone waveform data MW is multiplied and synthesized by the envelope data EN in a multiplier 43 in a time-division manner, and the musical tone waveform data of all channels is accumulated and synthesized by an accumulator 44, and is generated by the sound system 6. You.
[0042]
The envelope speed data ES of each channel of the assignment memory 40 is sequentially accumulated in a time-division manner by an adder 46, a selector 47, and an envelope operation memory 48, and envelope operation data EN is calculated. The envelope waveform data EN is sent to the multiplier 43. The envelope calculation memory 48 has an area corresponding to the number of time-division channels, stores the envelope calculation data EN of each channel, and calculates the envelope for each channel.
[0043]
The envelope operation memory 48 is addressed by the channel number data CHNo, and only the specified address is written / read or reset. Each channel area of the envelope operation memory 48 is individually reset (cleared) by an ON event signal.
[0044]
The comparator 49 is supplied with the calculated (accumulated) envelope operation data EN and the envelope level data EL of each channel from the assignment memory 40, and the envelope operation data EN matches or exceeds the envelope level data EL. Then, a phase end signal is detected and output. This phase end signal indicates the end of each phase of the envelope. The phase end signal is sent to the selector 47, and the envelope operation data EN is switched to the envelope level data EL. This is because the envelope level data EL is the target value of the envelope calculation in each phase.
[0045]
The phase end signal is input to the phase counter 50 and incremented, that is, +1. The phase counter 50 counts the phase of the envelope of each channel. The phase counter 50 is provided with a counter corresponding to the number of time-division channels. Only the counter designated by the channel number data CHNo is enabled, and only the designated counter is incremented or reset. The phase counter 50 is presettable, and the controller 2 sets the following envelope phase data.
[0046]
The envelope phase data EF of the phase counter 50 is sent as address data to the assignment memory 40, and the envelope speed data ES and the envelope level data EL for each phase in each channel are read or written. The envelope phase data EF is also sent to the controller 2, and the controller 2 writes the envelope phase data EF into the assignment memory 40.
[0047]
The assignment memory 40 is addressed by the channel number data CHNo, and only the designated address is written / read and cleared. Each channel area of the assignment memory 40 is individually reset (cleared) by an ON event signal.
[0048]
One bit data or the most significant bit data in the accumulated value of the frequency number data FN of the waveform reading unit 41 is sent to the fine reading unit 51 and counted in a time division manner. This count value is sent to the envelope fine waveform memory 52 as read address data, and the envelope fine waveform data EB is sequentially read in a time-division manner. Therefore, the reading speed (frequency) of the envelope fine waveform data EB is interlocked with the reading speed of the musical sound waveform, that is, interlocked with a musical factor such as a pitch or a tone range.
[0049]
Of course, independent reading that is not linked to pitch is also possible. For example, the fine reading unit 51 starts counting at a constant speed by the key-on. As a result, the envelope fine waveform data EB is read regardless of the pitch. Further, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch data TC, tone time data TM, etc. of each channel from the assignment memory 40 are sent to the fine reading section 51 and accumulated, and are stored in the envelope fine waveform memory 52. It may be sent as read address data. Thus, the reading speed (frequency) of the envelope fine waveform data EB changes depending on musical factors such as timbre, touch, and sound generation time.
[0050]
The read envelope fine waveform data EB is subjected to filter control by the filter 53 to change the frequency component, and is sent to the adder 54 to be added and synthesized with the envelope waveform data EN. As a result, the envelope waveform data EN changes slightly, and a musical tone having a small change can be generated.
[0051]
A plurality of envelope fine waveform data EB is stored in the envelope fine waveform memory 52, and the envelope fine waveform data EB read out by the envelope fine designation data BS from the assignment memory 40 is selected.
[0052]
Note that this envelope fine waveform data EB is generated by the key number data KN, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch data TC, tone time data TM, frequency number data FN, etc. of each channel from the assignment memory 40. It may be selected. As a result, the envelope fine waveform data EB changes depending on musical factors such as pitch, tone range, timbre, touch, and sound generation time.
[0053]
The filter 53 is supplied with key number data KN, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch data TC, tone time data TM, and the like of each channel from the assignment memory 40 in a time sharing manner as filter control data. You. This filter control is a change in the cutoff frequency or a change in the amount of attenuation. As a result, the frequency component or the amplitude of the envelope fine waveform data EB changes depending on musical factors such as pitch, range, tone, touch, and sounding time.
[0054]
A multiplier is provided between the filter 53 and the adder 54, and each key number data KN, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch data TC, tone time TC of each channel from the assignment memory 40 is provided. Data TM, frequency number data FN, etc. may be supplied to this multiplier. As a result, the amplitude of the envelope fine waveform data EB changes depending on musical factors such as pitch, tone range, timbre, touch, and sounding time.
[0055]
5. Synthesis example
FIG. 5 shows partial tone waveform data MW1, MW2, MW3, partial envelope waveform data EN1, EN2, EN3 and partial envelope fine waveform data EB1, EB2, EB3 for each of partial sounds 1, 2, and 3. The partial musical tone waveform data MW1, MW2, and MW3 are musical tone waveforms of three partial tones constituting one musical tone, and each is a sine wave having a different frequency.
[0056]
The partial envelope waveform data EN1, EN2, and EN3 are combined with the respective partial musical tone waveform data MW1, MW2, and MW3. The partial envelope waveform data EN1 rises slowly and attenuates slowly. The partial envelope waveform data EN1 rises normally and attenuates normally. The partial envelope waveform data EN1 rises rapidly and attenuates rapidly. Therefore, a partial sound component having a higher frequency increases immediately after key-on and immediately decreases.
[0057]
Further, since the peaks of the partial envelope waveform data EN1, EN2, and EN3 are shifted and the section of the level "0" is also shifted, as a result, the respective partial musical tone waveform data MW1, MW2, MW3, and the respective partial envelope waveforms are obtained. The data EN1, EN2, and EN3 are switched according to the passage of the sounding time.
[0058]
These partial envelope waveform data EN1 to EN3 have only positive or negative values, and have only one of the positive and negative characteristics. Although it is positive in the example of FIG. 5, it may be negative, which is the inverse of this. On the other hand, the partial musical tone waveform data MW1-3 and the envelope fine waveform data EB1-3 have both positive and negative characteristics. When the envelope fine waveform data EB is combined with the envelope waveform data EN (partial envelope waveform data EN1 to EN3), the envelope waveform data EN has only one of the positive and negative characteristics. You can do it.
[0059]
However, if the envelope fine waveform data EB is combined with the musical tone waveform data MW, the tone waveform data MW has both positive and negative characteristics, so that a positive / negative switching process must be performed in this combining process.
[0060]
Since the envelope fine waveform data EB is synthesized with the envelope waveform data EN (partial envelope waveforms EN1, EN2, EN3,...), The tone of the synthesized musical tone can be changed without changing the frequency characteristics of the musical tone waveform data MW. Yes, you can change the timbre of a musical tone without using a filter. Therefore, the filter 53 of FIG. 4 can be omitted.
[0061]
These partial musical tone waveform data MW1, MW2, MW3, partial envelope waveform data EN1, EN2, EN3 and partial envelope fine waveform data EB1, EB2, EB3 are read out by a key-on event and have the same generation start timing.
[0062]
6. Overall processing
FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the entire processing executed by the controller (CPU) 2. The whole process is started by turning on the power of the musical tone generating apparatus, and is repeatedly executed until the power is turned off.
[0063]
First, various initialization processes such as initialization of the program / data storage unit 4 are performed (step 01), and sound generation processing is performed based on manual performance or automatic performance on the keyboard 11 or the MIDI interface 15 (step 03). .
[0064]
In this sound generation process, an empty channel is searched, and a musical tone related to the on-event is assigned to the searched empty channel. The contents of the musical tones are the musical performance information (musical tone generation information) from the keyboard 11 or the MIDI interface 15, the musical factor information of the musical tone control information, and the musical factors already stored in the program / data storage unit 4 at this time. Determined by information.
[0065]
In this case, "1" on / off data, frequency number data FN, envelope speed data ES, envelope level data EL, "0" envelope phase data EF, envelope are stored in the area of the assignment memory 40 of the searched empty channel. Fine designation data BS and the like are written. Further, key number data KN, tone number data TN, touch data TC, part number data PN, and tone time data TM of "0" are also written.
[0066]
Next, based on a manual performance or an automatic performance on the keyboard 11 or the MIDI interface 15, a mute (attenuation) process is performed (step 05). In this silencing (attenuation) processing, a channel to which a tone related to an off event (key-off event, silencing event) is assigned is searched, and the tone is attenuated and muted. In this case, the envelope phase of the musical tone related to the key-off event is released, and the envelope level gradually becomes “0”.
[0067]
Further, if the MIDI interface 15 or various switches of the panel switch group 13 are operated, the musical factor information corresponding to the switch is taken in, stored in the program / data storage unit 4, and the musical factor information is changed. (Step 06). Thereafter, other processing is executed (step 07), and the processing from step 02 to step 07 is repeated.
[0068]
7. Processing of the tone time data TM and the number of simultaneous sounds
FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the interrupt processing executed by the controller 2 at regular intervals. In this process, the tone time data TM is incremented and the number of simultaneous sounds is counted.
[0069]
In this processing, for each channel area of the assignment memory 40 (steps 41, 46, 47), for those whose on / off data is "1" and a tone is being produced (step 43), the tone time data TM is "+1" is added (step 44).
[0070]
Similarly, for each channel area of the assignment memory 40 (steps 41, 46, 47), once the simultaneous tone data is cleared (step 42), the tone is being generated with on / off data of "1". Those are counted (step 43), and the number of simultaneous sounds is sequentially incremented by "+1" (step 45). The counted number of simultaneous sounds is stored in the program / data storage unit 4.
[0071]
Then, other periodic processing is performed (step 48). In this way, the elapsed sounding time of the tone of each channel is counted and stored and used as the above sounding time information, and the number of tones during the sounding of all the channels at that time is counted and stored and used as the above simultaneous sounding number information. .
[0072]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the envelope fine waveform data EB may be stored in a memory and read out, may be generated by a random number generator, or may be generated by a calculation process of a digital signal processor. In this case, the same random number generator or digital signal processor as the number of time division channels is prepared, and the generation of the envelope fine waveform data EB is started by the key-on event.
[0073]
The envelope fine waveform data EB has both positive and negative characteristics, unlike the envelope waveform EN. The envelope fine waveform data EB has a smaller amplitude than the envelope waveform data EN, and the maximum amplitude of the envelope fine waveform data EB is smaller than the peak of the envelope waveform data EN, or the maximum amplitude of the envelope fine waveform data EB is equal to that of the envelope waveform data EN. The integral value of the envelope fine waveform data EB is smaller than the sustain level or the integral value of the envelope fine waveform data EN.
[0074]
The envelope waveform may be an attenuated envelope that attenuates immediately after an attack, or a continuous envelope that does not attenuate immediately after an attack. The envelope waveform is a waveform (parameter) for temporally changing the volume and amplitude of a musical tone.
[0075]
Further, the tone waveform data MW stored in the waveform memory 42 may be a complex waveform other than a sine wave, or a different waveform is stored for each tone, pitch (tone range), touch, part, and sounding time, and is switched and selected. Is also good. The waveform having such a complicated shape is read and output as the musical tone waveform of each partial sound.
[0076]
Further, each tone assigned to each channel may be one independent tone other than the partial tone. In this case, the waveforms of the musical tones assigned to the same channel have the same waveform shape and the same pitch (frequency). Even in such a case, synthesis of the envelope or synthesis of the generated amount can be performed in the same manner.
[0077]
Although the channels are formed by time-division processing, the same number of tone signal generators 5 as the number of channels are provided, and even if tone waveform data MW from each tone signal generator 5 is added and synthesized by an adder. Good.
[0078]
Further, the envelope data may be replaced with the envelope speed data ES and the envelope time data ET, or the envelope level data EL and the envelope time data ET. In this case, when the accumulated number of the envelope speed data ES reaches the envelope time data ET, the process shifts to the next envelope phase. Also, the difference between two adjacent envelope level data EL is divided by the envelope time data ET to obtain the envelope speed data ES.
[0079]
Further, the multiplier 43 may be supplied with the loudness data, and the level of the synthesized musical tone may be adjusted according to the loudness data. The loudness data is stored in the assignment memory 40 and read out and supplied in a time-division manner, or the key number data KN, tone number data TN, part number data PN, touch number It is determined based on data TC, tone time data TM, and the like. As a result, the amplitude of the synthesized musical tone changes depending on musical factors such as pitch, range, tone, touch, and sound generation time.
[0080]
Further, a multiplier may be provided for the output from the envelope fine waveform memory 52, and each of the loudness data may be read out from the assignment memory 40 in a time division manner and multiplied by each of the partial envelope fine waveform data EB. In this case, the value of each loudness data in the assignment memory 40 changes according to a musical factor, and the magnitude of each loudness data of each partial sound synthesized into one musical tone relatively changes based on the musical factor. As a result, the relative proportion of each partial envelope fine waveform data EB synthesized into one musical tone changes according to musical factors such as pitch, tone range, timbre, touch, and sounding time.
[0081]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applied to a musical sound generating device in an electronic musical instrument, a sound source device, a karaoke device, an electronic game device, an automatic performance device, a musical sound reproducing device, and the like, and is applicable to a device capable of generating musical sounds.
The claims at the time of filing the present patent application were as follows. Some errors have been corrected.
[1] means for generating a musical sound waveform, means for generating an envelope waveform synthesized with the musical sound waveform, means for generating an envelope fine waveform synthesized with the envelope waveform and finely changing the envelope waveform, and the envelope A musical sound generating apparatus comprising: means for synthesizing a waveform and the envelope fine waveform; and means for synthesizing the synthesized envelope waveform into the musical sound waveform.
[2] Generating a musical tone waveform, generating an envelope waveform synthesized with the musical tone waveform, generating an envelope fine waveform that is synthesized with the envelope waveform and finely changing the envelope waveform, the envelope waveform and the envelope fine waveform And synthesizing the synthesized envelope waveform into the musical tone waveform.
[3] The envelope waveform has only one of the positive and negative characteristics, the envelope fine waveform and the tone waveform have both positive and negative characteristics, and the frequency, amplitude or frequency component of the envelope fine waveform is the tone waveform. The tone waveform or the envelope waveform is composed of a plurality of partial tone waveforms or partial envelope waveforms, and is different for each partial tone waveform or each partial envelope waveform. Each partial envelope fine waveform is synthesized, and each partial musical tone waveform or each partial envelope waveform is switched according to the passage of sounding time, and the relative proportion of each partial envelope fine waveform synthesized with each partial envelope waveform is It changes based on musical factors, and The envelope waveform or each of the partial envelope fine waveforms has the same generation start timing and is synthesized into one musical tone. The envelope fine waveform is generated by random number generation means, or is stored from storage means in which the envelope fine waveform is stored. 2. The musical sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the musical sound is read.
[0082]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, in the present invention, a fine envelope waveform is generated and synthesized with the envelope waveform, and the envelope waveform is finely changed. Therefore, the envelope waveform can be delicately changed, and effects such as being close to sounds existing in the natural world can be obtained. Also, since the envelope waveform is synthesized with the envelope waveform, it is possible to change the timbre of the synthesized musical tone without changing the frequency characteristics of the musical sound waveform.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an overall circuit of a musical sound control device.
FIG. 2 shows a partial sound table 20;
FIG. 3 shows an assignment memory 40.
FIG. 4 shows a tone signal generator 5;
FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the entire processing.
FIG. 6 shows an example of the synthesis of the partial musical tone waveform data MW1-3, the partial envelope waveform data EN1-3 and the partial envelope fine waveform data EB.
FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an interrupt process.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... Controller (CPU), 3 ... Timing generator, 4 ... Program / data storage, 5 ... Tone signal generator, 6 ... Sound system, 7 ... Information storage, 11 ... Keyboard, 13 ... Panel switch group, 15 ... Midi interface, 20 partial sound table, 40 assignment memory, 41 waveform reading section, 42 waveform memory, 47 selector, 48 envelope processing memory, 49 comparator, 50 phase counter, 46, 54 Adder, 51: fine reading unit, 52: circular fine waveform memory, 53: filter.

Claims (3)

Means for generating a plurality of partial tone waveforms having different frequencies ;
Means for generating a plurality of different partial envelope waveforms respectively synthesized with the respective partial musical tone waveforms ;
This is synthesized in each of partial envelope waveform, means for generating a plurality of different envelopes fine waveform for minutely changing the parts envelope waveform,
Means for adding and synthesizing each of the partial envelope waveforms and each of the envelope fine waveforms ,
Means for multiplying and synthesizing each of the synthesized partial envelope waveforms with the respective partial musical tone waveforms ,
Means for synthesizing each synthesized partial musical sound waveform into one musical sound;
Means for changing the relative proportion of each of the fine envelope waveforms when combined with each of the partial envelope waveforms based on musical factors . Generate a plurality of partial tone waveforms with different frequencies ,
A plurality of different partial envelope waveforms respectively synthesized with the respective partial musical tone waveforms are generated,
Each of the partial envelope waveforms is combined with each other to generate a plurality of different envelope fine waveforms that finely change each partial envelope waveform,
Each of the above partial envelope waveforms and each of the above envelope fine waveforms are added and synthesized,
Each of the synthesized partial envelope waveforms is multiplied and synthesized with each of the partial tone waveforms , and
Each of the synthesized partial musical sound waveforms is synthesized into one musical sound,
A musical sound generating method, characterized in that the relative proportion of each envelope fine waveform when being combined with each of the partial envelope waveforms is changed based on a musical factor . The envelope fine waveform changes according to a musical factor, and the frequency, amplitude or frequency component of the envelope fine waveform changes according to the tone color, pitch, range, touch, and sounding time of the musical sound waveform,
Each partial tone waveform or each partial envelope waveform is switched as sounding time elapses,
The partial tone waveforms, the partial envelope waveforms, or the partial envelope fine waveforms have the same generation start timing and are synthesized into one musical tone.
2. The musical sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the envelope fine waveforms is generated by random number generating means or read from a storage means in which the envelope fine waveforms are stored.

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