JP2609454B2 - Plant monitoring equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention provides information necessary for plant operation monitoring in order to improve the operation rate by improving the operation operability / monitorability at the time of operation determination in a large-scale plant. Generate exactly,
The present invention relates to a plant monitoring device that provides plant information to an operator in real time online.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional monitoring apparatus for a nuclear power plant shown in, for example, a document, “Operation Status Monitoring System of BWR Plant”, Thermal Nuclear Power Generation, Vol. 33, No. 9, 1982-9. In the figure, 1 is a nuclear power plant to be monitored, 2 is a process input / output device for collecting various process data from the nuclear power plant 1, 3 is process data input from the process input / output device 2,
A plant that monitors each process data and has a function to detect if there is any deviation from the normal state, collects the data in a form that makes it easy for operators to grasp the plant state, and displays the result on the CRT display device 4. An operation monitoring system, 5 is a plant monitoring panel for an operator who monitors whether or not the nuclear power plant 1 is currently operating normally, and 6 is a screen selection switch for selecting a CRT screen that the operator wants to see ( It may be a keyboard).

These systems are generally called plant computer systems (PCCS).

Next, the operation will be described. First, data of each monitoring target of the nuclear power plant 1 is stored in the process input / output device 2.
Collected by. The plant operation monitoring system 3 processes (for example, converts important items for the nuclear power plant 1 in advance) information to be displayed on the CRT display device 4 from the accumulated data (for example, converts the information into a polygonal graph format). Then, the screen corresponding to the request signal from the screen selection switch 6 is output. An example of a screen displayed on the CRT display device 4 is shown in FIG. For example, reactor outlet temperature, neutron flux activation rate, reactor containment vessel pressure, reactor containment radiation intensity, steam generator water level, reactor water level,
Eight targets including the pressurizer water level, the primary cooling system pressure, and the like are displayed as monitoring items. The type and form of the display process information are set in advance for each screen. Therefore, in the case of this example, the operator monitors whether or not the current plant state is different from the reference value shown by the broken line to monitor whether or not the nuclear power plant 1 is operating normally. . In other words, the information displayed on the CRT makes it possible to easily grasp the plant status, detect abnormalities early, and accurately identify events by grouping related information and integrating it as shown in Fig. 5. , The operator's physical information to help the operator judge the situation
The most current technology considers easy-to-understand formatting that reduces mental burden as much as possible. In addition, the display on the CRT display device 4 includes a trend graph of each process data, a system diagram (including main process data), digital process data, an alarm text, and a summary of the process data / alarm. These pieces of information include information that is provided automatically and preferentially according to a preset operation mode without a request from the operator, and information that is displayed at the request of the operator. That is, screens are assigned to the cathode ray tube display device 4 arranged on the plant monitor board 5 according to the system layout and operation monitoring purpose, and each screen selection switch 6
, These screens can be freely selected. Also, when a large state change of the plant, such as a scrum, a turbine trip, a generator trip, or the closing of an isolation valve, the screen of each CRT display is automatically switched to a screen suitable for the state change of the plant. Can be

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Since the conventional plant monitoring device is configured as described above, for example, regarding alarms, in the current display system, a large number of CRTs are generated depending on the failure / accident state.
Displayed above. In some cases, a summary of alarms is displayed at the same time, but since alarms are not dynamically suppressed or centralized according to plant conditions, there is no danger that alarms will cause confusion for operators. I can not say. Regarding the process amount, CRT corresponding to the screen selection switch
The type and the expression form of the process amount displayed on the screen are not dynamically changed according to the plant state. Therefore, depending on the plant state, the unnecessary process amount is also displayed. In addition, basically, the screen selection by the operator is mainly performed, and the status of the monitoring target selected by the operator can be grasped.However, when an abnormality occurs because the screen control according to the operator's thinking process is not performed. And the like, there is a problem that necessary information cannot be efficiently accessed unless the operator selects an appropriate screen based on his / her own thinking.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and uses a plant important function layered model and an operation heuristic knowledge base to identify the focus area of the operator's attention from the operator's system questions. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a plant monitoring device that can estimate and provide the operator with the optimum operation monitoring information along the area at any time.

[Means for solving the problem]

The plant monitoring device according to the present invention collects and organizes knowledge about large-scale plant functions possessed by operators and plant designers, and hierarchically represents a relationship with a support function therefor with the operation target of the plant as a peak, which is a plant important function hierarchy. The model constructed as a generalized model is stored in a storage device,
For each plant function expressed as an element of the layered model, a request such as a screen request made by the operator to the system through the plant monitoring board is made to correspond to the question understanding arithmetic processing device by the operator. Map the functions of interest as locations on the plant key function hierarchy model,
The area mapped based on the heuristic knowledge about the plant operation of the operator stored in the storage device is evaluated and judged in detail by the arithmetic processing unit, and the functional range of the plant important function layered model is used as a framework for providing information. The optimum operation monitoring information is determined according to the narrowed function range, and is provided to the operator.

[Action]

The plant monitoring apparatus in the present invention uses a plant important function hierarchical model, which is a functional image of an operator and a plant designer for a plant, and an operation heuristic knowledge base, which is empirical knowledge about plant operation. , It is possible to provide the operator with the optimum driving monitoring circumstances that are consistent with the thinking process of the operator.

(Example of the invention)

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 7 denotes a (first) arithmetic processing unit, and the process amount from the process input / output device 2;
2) The function evaluation result of the plant important function hierarchical model from the arithmetic processing unit 14 and the plant function determined based on the content of the question from the question understanding arithmetic processing unit 13 are fetched, respectively. Based on the operation heuristic knowledge base that summarizes the empirical knowledge about the operation of the plant operator stored in the third storage device 12 and the structure of the plant important function hierarchical model stored in
Determine the optimal monitoring information framework and final monitoring information.
8 is a microphone that accepts voice input. Reference numeral 9 denotes a touch sensor attached to the front of the CRT screen and transmitting the touched coordinates on the CRT screen to the question understanding arithmetic processing device 13 for understanding the question. Reference numeral 10 denotes a first data storage that stores the correspondence between the question content from each input device such as the touch sensor 9, the screen selection switch 6, and the microphone 8 and each function that is an element of the plant important function hierarchical model. Storage device. Numeral 11 is a plant important function hierarchy in which in each operation mode of the plant, the plant operation target to be achieved by the operator is set at the top, and the functions to maintain this and the means to realize it are systematically expressed and described hierarchically. A second storage device storing the generalized model. A third storage device 12 stores an operation heuristic knowledge base that stores empirical knowledge that a plant operator has regarding operation. 13 understands the operator's request sent from each input device, and based on the knowledge base stored in the first storage device 10,
An arithmetic processing unit for understanding questions that determines the corresponding node (each plant function that the operator is paying attention to) on the plant important function hierarchical model. Reference numeral 14 denotes a (second) arithmetic process for executing an evaluation (including a cause identification) of the achievement state of each plant function, which is an element of the plant important function hierarchical model, based on information from the process input / output device 2. apparatus. Reference numeral 15 is a voice recognition device that recognizes the voice of the speaker, adjusts the question input by voice to an appropriate format, and sends it to the question understanding arithmetic processing device 13.

Next, a plant important function hierarchical model and an operation heuristic knowledge base, which are the basis of the present invention, will be described. First, the plant important function layered model shown in FIG. 2 embodies the function image that an operator and a plant designer have for a plant as a knowledge base. Plant operation modes (output operation state maintenance /
Maintaining hot and cold shutdown states), systematically structured and hierarchically described the functions for achieving and maintaining the plant operation goals that operators should achieve at the peak. is there.

Each functional goal of this plant important function hierarchical model is represented as a node (node) of a hierarchical structure, and a branch connecting each node indicates that there is a functional dominant relationship between the connected nodes. ing. Therefore, the following points are considered in the relationship between the upper node and the lower node of the plant important function hierarchical model. (A) The upper node represents a goal (or upper function) to be achieved by the lower node, and the lower node is a support function (or lower function) for achieving the upper node.
Represents

(B) The upper node represents a higher concept that has a high level of abstraction and encompasses lower nodes. Conversely, the lower node represents a lower concept that has a high degree of specificity and embodies the upper node.

(C) The upper node represents a deep defense function in the deep defense, and the lower node represents a shallower defense function.

In particular, the configuration is made using information such as plant functions and design, taking into account the corresponding operations performed by the operator in the central control room under various plant conditions. Fig. 2 shows a reference example of a plant important function hierarchical model related to the maintenance of the output operation state for a PWR type nuclear power plant.

In order to maintain the power operation state, core power control,
Control of core power distribution, control of primary coolant reserve, control of core heat removal function, soundness of primary cooling system, control of heat sink, conversion to electric energy, etc. are essential functions. Will be the functional goals of the level. (These are commonly known as Critical availability functions.) Furthermore, regarding heat sink control,
The steam flow control and the maintenance of SG possessed water are support functions, and these two functions will be the next level of functional goals. Depending on the functions below, equipment / equipment levels such as detectors, controllers, valves, piping, etc. will be developed sequentially.

On the other hand, the operation heuristic knowledge base extracts plant operation know-how and its behavior style obtained from the operation experience of the operator through direct interviews with the operator, etc.
It is a compilation and consists of the following three.

Operation target decision rule The operation mode (output operation, hot stop, cold stop) to be maintained is determined from the process volume and the alarm generated in the plant, and the plant important function hierarchical model to be monitored is selected.

(Example) ・ IF (SI signal: Generated) THEN Cold shutdown maintenance plant Selection of important function layered model Focus estimation rule of attention From the request (question) made by the operator to the system, the operator can determine which plant function Is estimated. Then, the functional range on the plant important function layered model that should be focused is extracted.

(Example) ・ IF ((pressurizer pressure control node and pressurizer water level control node; with question) and radiation monitor: abnormal sign) THEN pressurizer water level control node: focus of attention In this example, pressurizer pressure control The pressurizer water level control is more important.

Providing information decision rule From the results narrowed down as the focus area of attention, determine the appropriate information to provide to the operator.

(Example) ・ IF (node: lowest) THEN Display this node as the cause node Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, the process input / output device 2 collects the process data from the nuclear power plant 1 and outputs it to the next (first and second) two arithmetic processing devices 7 and 14 in a form suitable for each processing. Send data. The arithmetic processing unit 14 evaluates all the nodes of the plant important function hierarchical model. That is, in the processing device 14, the process data is taken in, and for the node located at the lowest level, in the case of a detector with multiplicity, the principle of majority decision, the device such as the controller, the filter, the detector without multiplicity, etc. For the model comparison method and piping, the cause of abnormality is identified using the dynamic characteristic model and the process amount that characterizes the cause of abnormality, and for other level nodes, the evaluation of whether the function is achieved is performed. The evaluation result is sent to the first arithmetic processing unit 7 by using the characteristic model.

Questions to the operator's system consist of three human power channels: As an example, a case where a pressurizer pressure control system diagram is to be displayed and monitored is described.

Input from the screen selection switch (or keyboard) 6 Press the button engraved with the pressurizer pressure control system diagram.
Or, if this screen is No. 6 in the system diagram, after pressing a button called a system diagram, a ten-key is pressed.

Input from the touch sensor 9 Indicate the area for displaying the pressurizer pressure control system system diagram displayed on the CRT screen with a finger. Basically, it is the same as the above button is displayed on the CRT screen.

The input voice from the microphone 8 commands, for example, "display the pressurizer pressure control system system diagram." Then, the voice input device 15 extracts a keyword from the sentence uttered by the operator and recognizes the intention of the operator.

These three results are sent to the question understanding arithmetic processing unit 13.

The (first) storage device 10 stores data describing the correspondence between the request content from each input device and each function that is an element of the plant important function hierarchical model. An example is shown below.

This correspondence table is created in advance for those that may be input.

Furthermore, the arithmetic processing unit 13 for understanding questions is an input device.
The operator's question sent from 6,9,8 is converted into the following format.

For example Then, based on the database stored in the storage device 10, functions (nodes) that are elements of the plant important function hierarchical model corresponding to the questions input as the operator's attention focus (functions of interest) And sends the result to the arithmetic processing unit 7. The arithmetic processing unit 7 selects an optimal plant important function hierarchical model from the plant important function hierarchical models stored in the storage device 11 by using the operation heuristic knowledge base stored in the storage device 12. Then, the data from the question understanding arithmetic processing unit 13, which is the result of determining the node of interest of the next operator, is taken in and mapped on the plant important function hierarchical model.

The history of the node the operator is paying attention to, that is, the history of the operator's questions is stored up to, for example, five. When there is a sixth entry, the oldest question record is deleted and the remaining 5
Mapping is performed for one input data. Next, using the remaining driving heuristic knowledge base, the focus of attention is narrowed from the history of these questions, and the area to be really noticed and the information to be provided to the operator are determined. The processing using the driving heuristic knowledge base is as follows.

(A) Operation target determination Since the plant important function layered model has a maintenance function target at the top and a functional relationship supporting it is hierarchically described, the arithmetic processing unit 7 is the process input / output unit 2 It determines which brand important function layering model to use according to the driving goal determination rules of the driving heuristic knowledge base using the process quantities from In the above rule example, if the SI signal is generated, the plant important function layered model for maintaining cold shutdown is selected.

All rules of the driving heuristic knowledge base are described in IF-THEN type, and are determined by performing matching with the rules.

 Next, attention focus estimation is performed.

(B) Attention focus estimation The operator focuses the attention focus from the questions asked to the system, and further narrows down the area to be truly monitored. The processing here is as follows.

The node name of the plant important function hierarchical model corresponding to the content of the inquiry is taken in from the question understanding operation processing device 13, and the evaluation result of this node is taken in from the operation processing device 14. Among the nodes of the plant important function hierarchical model that were queried, an activated node (a node determined to have lost its function by node evaluation) is extracted as a target of attention. Abnormal node (activation node)
Is one of the nodes to which attention should be paid. Therefore, it should be monitored as a focus area of attention, an abnormal node is defined as a vertex, and a divergent area (triangle) extending downward is defined. (See FIG. 3) The result of cause identification is assigned to the lowest node. However, if the queried node is not activated, and if there is a node activated in a lower level node, a focus area of attention with the activated node as the apex is set.

Based on the structural characteristics of the plant important function layered model, the higher the model, the higher the importance. Therefore, priority is given to the monitoring of the upper node among the activated nodes.
Therefore, the positional inclusion relation between the nodes is examined, and when the inclusion relation is established in the focus area of attention, the focus area of attention is defined from a more comprehensive viewpoint. For example, if the alarm “pressurizer water level deviation large” and the alarm “pressurizer water level low” are transmitted, this corresponds to shifting the focus of attention to “pressurizer water level low”.
(Refer to FIG. 3) As shown in FIG. 3, since the focus of attention is not generally single, it is necessary to deal with multiple focus of attention. For this reason, in determining the priority order of a plurality of focus regions of attention, the importance is determined by the focus estimation rule of attention described above. (As an example of the definition, it is assumed that B has a higher priority than F in FIG. 3. Therefore, the focus region of attention having the node B as the vertex has a higher priority than the focus region of attention having the node F as the vertex. (This has a high priority.) In this rule, it is determined whether or not the information on whether or not the operator asked the question and the plant process amount are incorporated.

From the above, the framework of the area in which the operator should pay attention is determined. That is, as a result of the node evaluation, the nodes A, D, E, and G are normal, so that information of priority 1: node B-C,
Priority 2: Information called node F.

(C) Determining Provided Information When the framework of the focus of attention is determined, final information is determined by applying the provided information determination rule and adding information to the node determined in the preceding section. For example, the information has the following contents.

Priority 1: The event has progressed to B due to cause C, and A may be considered as a function that cannot be maintained in the future. The corresponding operation for cause C is D.

Priority 2: Function F is abnormal.

In addition to the provided information determination rules described above, the following rules (one example) are also applied to dynamically determine information to be displayed for each node.

(A) Process volume to be monitored related to node (Example) IF (node: pressurizer pressure control) THEN Outputs a trend graph (pressurizer controller output / pressurizer pressure).

(B) Related node (for example, upper node name) (c) If the node is the lowest node, an operation guide for directly removing the cause, and if it is not the lowest node, it is necessary to secure the function of that node Output a simple operation guide.

The CRT display device 4 has a format in which the operator can easily understand the extracted result as guide information, for example,
Present by making full use of multi-window expressions.

Note that, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which different units are used for the arithmetic processing device and the storage device. However, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be achieved by using an integrated device as hardware. Further, the plant important function layered model of the PWR type nuclear power plant is explained as the above-mentioned embodiment, but it may be another plant other than the reactor type or the nuclear power plant, and the plant function is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment. The same effect can be achieved by building a model about the operation and knowledge about driving know-how.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, since the plant monitoring device is realized so that the operation monitoring state according to the plant state can be provided in a form consistent with the thought process of the operator, the burden on the operator is reduced. And has a great effect on improving the reliability of driving operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a plant monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a plant important function hierarchical model of the present invention, FIG. 3, a focus area definition of attention handled in the present invention FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional plant monitoring device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of CRT screen information provided by the conventional monitoring device. In the figure, 1 is a nuclear power plant, 2 is a process input / output device, 3 is a plant operation monitoring system, 4 is a cathode ray tube display device, 5 is a plant monitoring panel, 6 is a screen selection switch (keyboard), and 7 is (first ) Arithmetic processing unit, 8
Is a microphone, 9 is a touch sensor, 10 is (first
Storage device, 11 is a (second) storage device, and 12 is a (third) storage device.
) Storage device, 13 is an arithmetic processing unit for understanding questions, and 14 is a second processing device.
An arithmetic processing unit, and 15 is a voice recognition device. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. Process data of a large-scale plant is taken into a plant monitoring panel via a process input / output device, and is compared with a plant important function hierarchical model which hierarchically expresses a functional image of a plant possessed by an operator and a plant designer. , A plant monitoring device for providing plant information to an operator in real time online, a plant determined through a second arithmetic processing unit based on the process amount from the process input / output device and output data of the process input / output device A first arithmetic processing device incorporating each function evaluation result of the important function layered model and a plant function determined based on the question content from the question understanding arithmetic processing device, and the first arithmetic processing device. An operation heuristic that summarizes the empirical knowledge about the structure of the connected plant important function layered model and the operation of plant operators. The storage device storing the tick knowledge base, the framework of the optimum monitoring information output from the first arithmetic processing unit and the final monitoring information are fetched, while being sent from the input device to the question understanding arithmetic processing unit. A plant monitoring device, comprising: a plant monitoring panel for giving information. 2. A microphone for receiving voice input, an input device of the plant monitoring device, and a touch sensor mounted on the front of the CRT and transmitting to a question understanding arithmetic processing unit for understanding a question of coordinates touched on the CRT screen. 2. The plant monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the plant monitoring device comprises a screen selection switch for selecting a CRT screen desired by an operator. 3. The touch sensor, a screen selection switch,
A first storage device for storing data describing the correspondence between the content of a question from each input device such as a microphone and each function that is an element of the plant important function hierarchical model, and providing information to a question understanding arithmetic processing device; The plant monitoring device according to claim 1, further comprising: 4. A storage device connected to the first arithmetic processing unit is divided into a second storage device and a third storage device, and a plant important function hierarchical model is stored in the second storage device.
2. The plant monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an operation heuristic knowledge base of empirical knowledge possessed by the plant operator regarding the operation is stored in the storage device. 5. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said second arithmetic processing unit evaluates the achievement state of each plant function of the plant important function hierarchical model based on information from said process input / output device. The plant monitoring device according to claim 1.