JP2020068598A

JP2020068598A - Monitoring device and monitoring method

Info

Publication number: JP2020068598A
Application number: JP2018200379A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 裕人佐藤; Hiroto Sato; 正彰鈴木; Masaaki Suzuki; 俊雄小田切; Toshio Odagiri; 慎司広瀬; Shinji Hirose
Original assignee: Toyota Industries Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Industries Corp
Priority date: 2018-10-24
Filing date: 2018-10-24
Publication date: 2020-04-30

Abstract

To reduce the power consumption of a monitoring unit while making the monitoring unit redundant in a monitoring device that monitors the state of a battery.SOLUTION: A monitoring device includes a main monitoring unit 4 that switches from an operation mode of a sub monitoring unit 5 from a low power consumption mode to a normal mode every time a predetermined time T1 has passed, and a sub monitoring unit 5 that switches the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode after the elapse of a certain time T2 when the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is not switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by the main monitoring unit 4 during the elapse of the certain time T1. After whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal is determined, the main monitoring unit 4 or the sub monitoring unit 5 switches the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電池の状態を監視する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a technique for monitoring the state of batteries.

監視装置として、電池の状態を監視するメイン監視部及びサブ監視部を備え、監視部の冗長化を図っているものがある。 As a monitoring device, there is a device that includes a main monitoring unit and a sub-monitoring unit that monitor the state of the battery, and that makes the monitoring unit redundant.

関連する技術として、特許文献１がある。 As a related technique, there is Patent Document 1.

特開２０１６−１１５６１９号公報JP, 2016-15619, A

しかしながら、上記監視装置は、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の２つの監視部を備えているため、１つの監視部を備える監視装置に比べて、監視部の消費電力が増加するという懸念がある。 However, since the monitoring device includes two monitoring units, the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit, there is a concern that the power consumption of the monitoring unit is increased as compared with the monitoring device including one monitoring unit.

そこで、本発明の一側面に係る目的は、電池の状態を監視する監視装置において、監視部の冗長化を図りつつ、監視部の消費電力を低減することである。 Then, the objective which concerns on one side of this invention is reducing the power consumption of a monitoring part, aiming at the redundancy of a monitoring part in the monitoring device which monitors the state of a battery.

本発明に係る一つの形態である監視装置は、電池の状態を監視するメイン監視部及びサブ監視部を備える。 A monitoring device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a main monitoring unit and a sub monitoring unit that monitor the state of a battery.

メイン監視部は、第１の一定時間経過毎に、サブ監視部の動作モードを、サブ監視部の全ての機能のうちの一部の機能のみが動作する低消費電力モードからサブ監視部の全ての機能が動作する通常モードに切り替えるとともに、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常であるか否かを判断する。 The main monitoring unit changes the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the low power consumption mode in which only some of all the functions of the sub monitoring unit operate every time the first constant time elapses to all of the sub monitoring units. While switching to the normal mode in which the function of (1) operates, it is determined whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal.

サブ監視部は、第１の一定時間の経過期間においてサブ監視部の動作モードが低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替わらない場合、第１の一定時間より長い第２の一定時間の経過後に自身によりサブ監視部の動作モードを低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替え、自身によりサブ監視部の動作モードが低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替わると、または、メイン監視部によりサブ監視部の動作モードが低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替わると、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常であるか否かを判断する。 If the operation mode of the sub-monitoring unit does not switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode during the lapse of the first constant time, the sub-monitoring unit itself detects the lapse of a second constant time longer than the first constant time. When the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode, and the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by itself, or the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is changed by the main monitoring unit. When the low power consumption mode is switched to the normal mode, it is determined whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal.

メイン監視部またはサブ監視部は、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常であるか否かを判断した後、サブ監視部の動作モードを通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替える。 After determining whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the main monitoring unit or the sub monitoring unit switches the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode.

このように、メイン監視部の他に、サブ監視部を備えて監視装置を構成しているため、監視部の冗長化を図ることができる。また、サブ監視部の動作モードが低消費電力モードになっているとき、サブ監視部の動作モードが通常モードになっているときに比べて、サブ監視部の消費電力を低減することができるため、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。すなわち、監視部の冗長化を図りつつ、監視部の消費電力を低減することができる。 As described above, since the monitoring device is configured by including the sub monitoring unit in addition to the main monitoring unit, the monitoring unit can be made redundant. Further, when the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is the low power consumption mode, the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit can be reduced compared to when the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is the normal mode. The overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit can be reduced. That is, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the monitoring unit while making the monitoring unit redundant.

また、メイン監視部またはサブ監視部は、電池の電圧が高電圧閾値未満である場合、電池の電圧が高電圧閾値以上である場合に比べて、第１及び第２の一定時間を長くし、または、電池の充電率が高充電率閾値未満である場合、電池の充電率が高充電率閾値以上である場合に比べて、第１及び第２の一定時間を長くする。 In addition, when the battery voltage is less than the high voltage threshold, the main monitoring unit or the sub monitoring unit lengthens the first and second constant times as compared with the case where the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold, Alternatively, when the charge rate of the battery is less than the high charge rate threshold, the first and second constant times are set longer than when the charge rate of the battery is equal to or higher than the high charge rate threshold.

これにより、電池の過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池が劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 As a result, it is possible to reduce the overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit while suppressing the deterioration of the battery due to the delay in the determination of the overcharged state of the battery.

また、メイン監視部またはサブ監視部は、電池の電圧が低電圧閾値より大きい場合、電池の電圧が低電圧閾値以下である場合に比べて、第１及び第２の一定時間を長くし、または、電池の充電率が低充電率閾値より大きい場合、電池の充電率が低充電率閾値以下である場合に比べて、第１及び第２の一定時間を長くする。 The main monitoring unit or the sub-monitoring unit lengthens the first and second constant time periods when the battery voltage is higher than the low voltage threshold, as compared to when the battery voltage is lower than the low voltage threshold, or When the charging rate of the battery is higher than the low charging rate threshold, the first and second constant times are set longer than when the charging rate of the battery is equal to or lower than the low charging rate threshold.

これにより、電池の過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池が劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 As a result, it is possible to reduce the overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit while suppressing the deterioration of the battery due to the delay in the determination of the overdischarged state of the battery.

また、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部は、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常であると判断すると、その旨を上位制御部へ伝え、上位制御部は、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常である旨を受信すると、メイン監視部から送信される第１の状態情報に示される電圧及びサブ監視部から送信される第２の状態情報に示される電圧、又は、第１の状態情報に示される充電率及び第２の状態情報に示される充電率に応じて、監視装置が搭載される車両の走行を制御する。 Further, when the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit determine that one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit notify the upper control unit, and the upper control unit notifies the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit. When one of the abnormal states is received, the voltage indicated by the first state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit and the voltage indicated by the second state information transmitted by the sub monitoring unit, or the first state The traveling of the vehicle equipped with the monitoring device is controlled according to the charging rate indicated in the information and the charging rate indicated in the second state information.

これにより、メイン監視部及びサブ監視部の一方が異常であると判断されても、状態情報に示される電圧又は充電率に応じて車両の走行制御を行うことができる。 As a result, even if it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the vehicle traveling control can be performed according to the voltage or the charging rate indicated in the state information.

本発明によれば、電池の状態を監視する監視装置において、監視部の冗長化を図りつつ、監視部の消費電力を低減することができる。 According to the present invention, in a monitoring device that monitors the state of a battery, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the monitoring unit while making the monitoring unit redundant.

実施形態の監視装置を含む電池パックを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the battery pack containing the monitoring apparatus of embodiment. 記憶部に記憶される情報を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the information memorize | stored in a memory | storage part. メイン監視部の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows operation of a main monitoring part. サブ監視部の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows operation of a sub monitoring part. 上位制御部の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows operation of a high-order control part.

以下図面に基づいて実施形態について詳細を説明する。
図１は、実施形態の監視装置を含む電池パックを示す図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a battery pack including the monitoring device of the embodiment.

図１に示す電池パック１は、ハイブリッド車や電気自動車などの車両Ｖｅに搭載され、電池Ｂと、電圧検出部２と、記憶部３と、メイン監視部４と、サブ監視部５とを備える。なお、実施形態の監視装置は、例えば、メイン監視部４と、サブ監視部５とを備えて構成される。 The battery pack 1 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a vehicle Ve such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and includes a battery B, a voltage detection unit 2, a storage unit 3, a main monitoring unit 4, and a sub monitoring unit 5. . The monitoring device according to the embodiment includes, for example, a main monitoring unit 4 and a sub monitoring unit 5.

電池Ｂは、リチウムイオン電池またはニッケル水素電池などの１以上の二次電池により構成される。電池Ｂから車両Ｖｅに搭載される負荷Ｌｏに電力が供給されているときに電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏに電流が流れ電池Ｂが放電される。負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂに電力が供給されているときに負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂに電流が流れ電池Ｂが充電される。なお、負荷Ｌｏは、走行用モータを駆動するインバータ回路などとする。 The battery B is composed of one or more secondary batteries such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel hydrogen battery. When electric power is supplied from the battery B to the load Lo mounted on the vehicle Ve, a current flows from the battery B to the load Lo and the battery B is discharged. When electric power is supplied from the load Lo to the battery B, a current flows from the load Lo to the battery B to charge the battery B. The load Lo is, for example, an inverter circuit that drives a traveling motor.

電圧検出部２は、ＩＣ（Integrated Circuit）などにより構成され、電池Ｂの電圧を検出する。 The voltage detection unit 2 is composed of an IC (Integrated Circuit) or the like, and detects the voltage of the battery B.

記憶部３は、ＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）またはＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）などにより構成され、後述する、電圧−充電率対応情報、電圧−一定時間対応情報、充電率−一定時間対応情報などを記憶する。 The storage unit 3 is configured by a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a ROM (Read Only Memory), and stores voltage-charging rate correspondence information, voltage-constant time correspondence information, charging rate-constant time correspondence information, etc., which will be described later. To do.

メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５は、それぞれ、ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）またはプログラマブルなデバイス（ＦＰＧＡ（Field Programmable Gate Array）やＰＬＤ（Programmable Logic Device））などにより構成され、電池Ｂの状態を監視する。また、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５は、それぞれ、電池Ｂの電圧または充電率を示す状態情報を、車両Ｖｅに搭載される上位制御部６に送信する。上位制御部６は、メイン監視部４またはサブ監視部５から送信される状態情報を用いて、車両Ｖｅの走行を制御する。 The main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 each include a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a programmable device (FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or PLD (Programmable Logic Device)), etc., and monitor the state of the battery B. To do. In addition, the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 respectively transmit status information indicating the voltage or the charging rate of the battery B to the host control unit 6 mounted on the vehicle Ve. The upper control unit 6 controls the traveling of the vehicle Ve using the state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit 4 or the sub monitoring unit 5.

図２（ａ）は、電圧−充電率対応情報の一例を示す図であり、図２（ｂ）は、電圧−一定時間対応情報の一例を示す図であり、図２（ｃ）は、充電率−一定時間対応情報の一例を示す図である。 2A is a diagram showing an example of voltage-charging rate correspondence information, FIG. 2B is a diagram showing an example of voltage-constant time correspondence information, and FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of rate-fixed time correspondence information.

図２（ａ）に示す電圧−充電率対応情報Ｄ１は、電池Ｂの電圧（Ｖ１、Ｖ２、・・・）と、電池Ｂの充電率（ＳＯＣ１、ＳＯＣ２、・・・）との対応関係を示す情報である。なお、充電率は、電池Ｂの満充電容量に対する電池Ｂの現在の容量の割合［％］とする。 The voltage-charging rate correspondence information D1 shown in FIG. 2A shows the correspondence between the voltage (V1, V2, ...) Of the battery B and the charging rate (SOC1, SOC2, ...) Of the battery B. It is information to show. The charging rate is the ratio [%] of the current capacity of the battery B to the full charge capacity of the battery B.

図２（ａ）に示す電圧−充電率対応情報Ｄ１では、Ｖ１とＳＯＣ１とが対応し、Ｖ２とＳＯＣ２とが対応し、Ｖ１＜Ｖ２、ＳＯＣ１＜ＳＯＣ２とする。すなわち、図２（ａ）に示す電圧−充電率対応情報Ｄ１では、電池Ｂの電圧が大きくなるほど、その電圧に対応する電池Ｂの充電率も大きくなる。 In the voltage-charging rate correspondence information D1 shown in FIG. 2A, V1 and SOC1 correspond, V2 and SOC2 correspond, and V1 <V2 and SOC1 <SOC2. That is, in the voltage-charging rate correspondence information D1 shown in FIG. 2A, as the voltage of the battery B increases, the charging rate of the battery B corresponding to that voltage also increases.

図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２は、電池Ｂの電圧（高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい電池Ｂの電圧、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下の電池Ｂの電圧）と、第１の一定時間としての一定時間Ｔ１（Ｔ１１、Ｔ１２）と、第２の一定時間としての一定時間Ｔ２（Ｔ２１、Ｔ２２）との対応関係を示す情報である。なお、一定時間Ｔ２＞一定時間Ｔ１とし、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ＞低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌとする。 The voltage-certain time correspondence information D2 shown in FIG. 2B is the voltage of the battery B (voltage of the battery B lower than the high voltage threshold Vth and higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl, higher than the high voltage threshold Vth or lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl). The voltage of the battery B), the constant time T1 (T11, T12) as the first constant time, and the constant time T2 (T21, T22) as the second constant time are information indicating a correspondence relationship. It should be noted that the constant time T2> the constant time T1 and the high voltage threshold Vth> the low voltage threshold Vtl.

図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２では、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい電池Ｂの電圧と、Ｔ１１と、Ｔ２１とが対応し、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下の電池Ｂの電圧と、Ｔ１２と、Ｔ２２とが対応し、Ｔ１１＞Ｔ１２、Ｔ２１＞Ｔ２２とする。すなわち、図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２では、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２が長くなる。 In the voltage-constant time correspondence information D2 illustrated in FIG. 2B, the voltage of the battery B that is less than the high voltage threshold Vth and greater than the low voltage threshold Vtl corresponds to T11 and T21, and is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth or low. The voltage of the battery B equal to or lower than the voltage threshold Vtl, T12, and T22 correspond to each other, and T11> T12 and T21> T22. That is, in the voltage-constant time correspondence information D2 shown in FIG. 2B, when the voltage of the battery B is less than the high voltage threshold Vth and greater than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the voltage of the battery B is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth or low voltage. The fixed times T1 and T2 are longer than when the threshold value is equal to or lower than the threshold value Vtl.

例えば、充電中の電池Ｂが過充電状態になるときの電池Ｂの電圧より所定電圧低い電圧を高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈとする場合、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満であるとき、電池Ｂが過充電状態になり難いため、電池Ｂの状態を監視する頻度を比較的低くしても、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。すなわち、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満である場合、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くしても、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする場合、サブ監視部５の動作モードが低消費電力モードである期間が長くなるため、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができる。そのため、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満である場合、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くすることにより、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 For example, when the voltage lower than the voltage of the battery B when the battery B being charged is overcharged by a predetermined voltage is the high voltage threshold Vth, when the voltage of the battery B is less than the high voltage threshold Vth, the battery B is Since the overcharge state is unlikely to occur, even if the frequency of monitoring the state of the battery B is relatively low, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the overcharge state of the battery B. That is, when the voltage of the battery B is lower than the high voltage threshold Vth, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the overcharged state of the battery B, even if the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened. it can. Further, when the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened, the period during which the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is in the low power consumption mode becomes long, so that the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced. Therefore, when the voltage of the battery B is less than the high voltage threshold Vth, the overcharge state of the battery B is increased by lengthening the constant time T1 and T2 as compared with the case where the voltage of the battery B is the high voltage threshold Vth or more. It is possible to reduce the total power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay of the determination of 1.

また、放電中の電池Ｂが過放電状態になるときの電池Ｂの電圧より所定電圧高い電圧を低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌとする場合、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きいとき、電池Ｂが過放電状態になり難いため、電池Ｂの状態を監視する頻度を比較的低くしても、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。すなわち、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くしても、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする場合、サブ監視部５の動作モードが低消費電力モードである期間が長くなるため、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができる。そのため、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くすることにより、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 Further, when a voltage higher by a predetermined voltage than the voltage of the battery B when the battery B being discharged is over-discharged is set as the low voltage threshold Vtl, when the voltage of the battery B is larger than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the battery B is overcharged. Since the battery B is unlikely to be in the discharged state, even if the frequency of monitoring the state of the battery B is relatively low, it is possible to prevent the battery B from deteriorating due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state of the battery B. That is, when the voltage of the battery B is higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state of the battery B, even if the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened. . Further, when the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened, the period during which the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is in the low power consumption mode becomes long, so that the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced. Therefore, when the voltage of the battery B is higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the constant time T1, T2 is set to be longer than that in the case where the voltage of the battery B is lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl. The overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination.

図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３は、電池Ｂの充電率（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい電池Ｂの充電率、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上又は低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下の電池Ｂの充電率）と、第１の一定時間としての一定時間Ｔ１（Ｔ１１、Ｔ１２）と、第２の一定時間としての一定時間Ｔ２（Ｔ２１、Ｔ２２）との対応関係を示す情報である。なお、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ＞低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌとする。 The charging rate-constant time correspondence information D3 illustrated in FIG. 2C includes a charging rate of the battery B (a charging rate of the battery B lower than the high charging rate threshold SOCth and higher than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, a charging rate higher than the high charging rate threshold SOCth, or higher). Correspondence between the charging rate of the battery B equal to or lower than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl), the constant time T1 (T11, T12) as the first constant time, and the constant time T2 (T21, T22) as the second constant time. This is information indicating the relationship. The high charge rate threshold SOCth> the low charge rate threshold SOCtl.

図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３では、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい電池Ｂの充電率と、Ｔ１１と、Ｔ２１とが互いに対応し、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上又は低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下の電池Ｂの充電率と、Ｔ１２と、Ｔ２２とが互いに対応し、Ｔ１１＞Ｔ１２、Ｔ２１＞Ｔ２２とする。すなわち、図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３では、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上又は低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２が長くなる。 In the charging rate-constant time correspondence information D3 illustrated in FIG. 2C, the charging rate of the battery B less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth and greater than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, T11, and T21 correspond to each other, and the high charging is performed. The charging rate of the battery B having a rate threshold SOCth or more or the low charging rate threshold SOCtl or less, T12, and T22 correspond to each other, and T11> T12 and T21> T22. That is, in the charging rate-constant time correspondence information D3 illustrated in FIG. 2C, when the charging rate of the battery B is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth and greater than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, the charging rate of the battery B is the high charging rate. The fixed times T1 and T2 are longer than when the threshold SOCth or more or the low charging rate threshold SOCtl or less.

例えば、充電中の電池Ｂが過充電状態になるときの電池Ｂの充電率より所定充電率低い充電率を高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈとする場合、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満であるとき、電池Ｂが過充電状態になり難いため、電池Ｂの状態を監視する頻度を比較的低くしても、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。すなわち、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満である場合、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くしても、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする場合、サブ監視部５の動作モードが低消費電力モードである期間が長くなるため、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができる。そのため、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満である場合、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くすることにより、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 For example, when the charging rate lower than the charging rate of the battery B when the battery B being charged is overcharged is set as the high charging rate threshold SOCth, the charging rate of the battery B is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth. At some time, since the battery B is unlikely to be overcharged, even if the frequency of monitoring the state of the battery B is relatively low, it is possible to prevent the battery B from deteriorating due to a delay in determining the overcharged state of the battery B. can do. That is, when the charging rate of the battery B is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth, the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the overcharged state of the battery B is suppressed even if the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened. be able to. Further, when the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened, the period during which the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is in the low power consumption mode becomes long, so that the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced. Therefore, when the charging rate of the battery B is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth, the constant time T1, T2 is set to be longer than that in the case where the charging rate of the battery B is the high charging rate threshold SOCth or more. It is possible to reduce the total power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the overcharged state.

また、充電中の電池Ｂが過放電状態になるときの電池Ｂの充電率より所定充電率低い充電率を低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌとする場合、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きいとき、電池Ｂが過放電状態になり難いため、電池Ｂの状態を監視する頻度を比較的低くしても、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。すなわち、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい場合、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くしても、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制することができる。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする場合、サブ監視部５の動作モードが低消費電力モードである期間が長くなるため、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができる。そのため、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くすることにより、電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 When the charging rate lower than the charging rate of the battery B when the battery B being charged is over-discharged is set to the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, the charging rate of the battery B is larger than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl. At this time, since the battery B is unlikely to be in the over-discharged state, even if the frequency of monitoring the state of the battery B is relatively low, it is possible to prevent the battery B from deteriorating due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state of the battery B. be able to. That is, when the charging rate of the battery B is larger than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state of the battery B is suppressed even if the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened. You can Further, when the fixed times T1 and T2 are lengthened, the period during which the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is in the low power consumption mode becomes long, so that the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced. Therefore, when the charging rate of the battery B is larger than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, the constant time T1 and T2 are set longer by comparing the charging rate of the battery B to the low charging rate threshold SOCtl or less. It is possible to reduce the overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state.

図３は、メイン監視部４の動作を示すフローチャートである。
まず、メイン監視部４は、一定時間Ｔ１が経過すると（ステップＳ１０１：Ｙｅｓ）、起動信号をサブ監視部５に送信する（ステップＳ１０２）。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the main monitoring unit 4.
First, when the predetermined time T1 has elapsed (step S101: Yes), the main monitoring unit 4 transmits an activation signal to the sub monitoring unit 5 (step S102).

例えば、メイン監視部４は、不図示のタイマにより一定時間Ｔ１が計測されると、一定時間Ｔ１が経過したと判断し、起動信号をサブ監視部５に送信する。サブ監視部５は、起動信号を受信すると、自身の動作モードを、低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替え、その後、自身の動作モードを、通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替える。また、タイマは、一定時間Ｔ１を繰り返し計測しているものとする。これにより、一定時間Ｔ１経過毎に、サブ監視部５の動作モードを低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替えることができる。なお、通常モードは、サブ監視部５の全ての機能が動作するときのサブ監視部５の動作モードであり、低消費電力モードは、サブ監視部５の全ての機能のうちの一部の機能のみが動作するときのサブ監視部５の動作モードである。また、一部の機能とは、例えば、メイン監視部４と通信する機能とする。このように、低消費電力モードは、通常モードに比べて、サブ監視部５で動作する機能の数が少ないため、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができる。 For example, when the fixed time T1 is measured by a timer (not shown), the main monitoring unit 4 determines that the fixed time T1 has elapsed, and transmits an activation signal to the sub monitoring unit 5. Upon receiving the activation signal, the sub monitoring unit 5 switches its own operation mode from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode, and then switches its own operation mode from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode. Further, the timer is assumed to repeatedly measure the fixed time T1. As a result, the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode every time the constant time T1 has elapsed. The normal mode is an operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 when all the functions of the sub monitoring unit 5 operate, and the low power consumption mode is a part of all the functions of the sub monitoring unit 5. This is the operation mode of the sub-monitoring section 5 when only one operates. Further, a part of the functions is, for example, a function of communicating with the main monitoring unit 4. As described above, in the low power consumption mode, since the number of functions operating in the sub monitoring unit 5 is smaller than that in the normal mode, the power consumption of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced.

次に、メイン監視部４は、第１の状態情報を取得し（ステップＳ１０３）、その取得した第１の状態情報をサブ監視部５及び上位制御部６に送信する（ステップＳ１０４）。 Next, the main monitoring unit 4 acquires the first state information (step S103), and transmits the acquired first state information to the sub monitoring unit 5 and the upper control unit 6 (step S104).

例えば、メイン監視部４は、電圧検出部２により検出された電圧を、第１の状態情報として取得する。または、メイン監視部４は、図２（ａ）に示す電圧−充電率対応情報Ｄ１を参照して、電圧検出部２により検出された電圧に対応する充電率を、第１の状態情報として取得する。 For example, the main monitoring unit 4 acquires the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 2 as the first state information. Alternatively, the main monitoring unit 4 refers to the voltage-charging rate correspondence information D1 shown in FIG. 2A, and acquires the charging rate corresponding to the voltage detected by the voltage detecting section 2 as the first state information. To do.

次に、メイン監視部４は、サブ監視部５から第２の状態情報を受信すると（ステップＳ１０５：Ｙｅｓ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ１０６）。 Next, when the main monitoring unit 4 receives the second state information from the sub monitoring unit 5 (step S105: Yes), it determines whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. (Step S106).

なお、メイン監視部４は、サブ監視部５から第２の状態情報を一定時間以上受信されない場合（ステップＳ１０５：Ｎｏ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を上位制御部６に送信し（ステップＳ１０７）、ステップＳ１０３において自身で取得した第１の状態情報を用いて一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を設定し（ステップＳ１０８）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。 In addition, when the main monitoring unit 4 does not receive the second state information from the sub monitoring unit 5 for a certain period of time or more (step S105: No), it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. It transmits to the control part 6 (step S107), sets the fixed time T1 and T2 using the 1st state information acquired by itself in step S103 (step S108), and returns to step S101.

例えば、メイン監視部４は、ステップＳ１０３において自身が取得した第１の状態情報に示される電圧及びステップＳ１０５においてサブ監視部５から受信した第２の状態情報に示される電圧の一方が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’未満かつ過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’より大きく、他方が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’以上又は過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’以下である場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’未満かつ過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’より大きい場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。なお、過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’は過充電状態になるときの電池Ｂの電圧以下かつ高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈより高い電圧である。また、過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’は過放電状態になるときの電圧Ｂの電圧以上かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより低い電圧である。 For example, in the main monitoring unit 4, one of the voltage indicated by the first state information acquired by itself in step S103 and the voltage indicated by the second state information received from sub monitoring unit 5 in step S105 is an overcharge voltage. When it is less than the threshold value Vth ′ and greater than the overdischarge voltage threshold value Vtl ′ and the other is equal to or higher than the overcharge voltage threshold value Vth ′ or equal to or lower than the overdischarge voltage threshold value Vtl ′, one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. If the voltages indicated by the first and second status information are less than the overcharge voltage threshold Vth ′ and greater than the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl ′, the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal. to decide. It should be noted that the overcharge voltage threshold Vth 'is a voltage equal to or lower than the voltage of the battery B when it is in the overcharge state and higher than the high voltage threshold Vth. Further, the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl 'is a voltage equal to or higher than the voltage of the voltage B at the time of the overdischarge state and lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl.

または、メイン監視部４は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率の一方が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’未満かつ過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’より大きく、他方が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’以上又は過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’以下である場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’未満かつ過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’より大きい場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。なお、過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’は過充電状態になるときの電池Ｂの充電率以下、かつ高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈより高い充電率である。また、過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’は過放電状態になるときの電圧Ｂの充電率以上、かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより低い充電率である。 Alternatively, the main monitoring unit 4 determines that one of the charging rates indicated by the first and second state information is less than the overcharge charging rate threshold SOCth ′ and greater than the overdischarge charging rate threshold SOCtl ′, and the other is the overcharge charging rate. When it is equal to or higher than the threshold SOCth 'or equal to or lower than the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl', it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub-monitoring unit 5 is abnormal, and each charging rate indicated in the first and second state information. Is less than the overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth ′ and greater than the overdischarge charge rate threshold SOCtl ′, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal. Note that the overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth 'is a charge rate that is less than or equal to the charge rate of the battery B when the overcharge state occurs and higher than the high charge rate threshold SOCth. Further, the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl 'is a charging rate equal to or higher than the charging rate of the voltage B at the time of the over-discharge state and lower than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl.

または、メイン監視部４は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が互いに一致しない場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が互いに一致する場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 Alternatively, the main monitoring unit 4 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal when the voltages indicated by the first and second state information do not match each other, and the first and second When the voltages indicated by the state information 2 match each other, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal.

または、メイン監視部４は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が互いに一致しない場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が互いに一致する場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 Alternatively, the main monitoring unit 4 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal when the charging rates indicated in the first and second state information do not match each other, and When the charging rates indicated in the second state information match each other, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal.

なお、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるとは、例えば、メイン監視部４が有する電圧検出部２との間の通信機能、メイン監視部４が有するサブ監視部５との間の通信機能、サブ監視部５が有する電圧検出部２との間の通信機能、及びサブ監視部５が有するメイン監視部４との間の通信機能、メイン監視部４自体の機能の一部、サブ監視部５自体の機能の一部のうちの１つが故障している状態とする。 It should be noted that the fact that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal means that, for example, the communication function with the voltage detection unit 2 included in the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 included in the main monitoring unit 4 One of the functions of the main monitoring unit 4 itself, the communication function with the voltage detecting unit 2 of the sub monitoring unit 5, the communication function with the main monitoring unit 4 of the sub monitoring unit 5, It is assumed that one of some of the functions of the unit and the sub-monitoring unit 5 itself is out of order.

次に、メイン監視部４は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断すると（ステップＳ１０６：Ｙｅｓ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を上位制御部６に送信し（ステップＳ１０７）、ステップＳ１０３において自身で取得した第１の状態情報を用いて一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を設定し（ステップＳ１０８）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。 Next, when the main monitoring unit 4 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal (step S106: Yes), one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. Is transmitted to the host controller 6 (step S107), the predetermined time T1 and T2 are set using the first state information acquired by itself in step S103 (step S108), and the process returns to step S101.

一方、メイン監視部４は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断すると（ステップＳ１０６：Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ１０３において自身で取得した第１の状態情報を用いて一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を設定し（ステップＳ１０８）、ステップＳ１０１に戻る。 On the other hand, when the main monitoring unit 4 determines that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal (step S106: No), the main monitoring unit 4 uses the first state information acquired by itself in step S103 for a predetermined time T1, T2 is set (step S108), and the process returns to step S101.

例えば、第１の状態情報が示す電圧（充電率）が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）より大きい場合、メイン監視部４は、図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２（図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３）を参照して、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）より大きい電池Ｂの電圧（充電率）に対応するＴ１１を一定時間Ｔ１に設定するとともに、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）より大きい電池Ｂの電圧（充電率）に対応するＴ２１を一定時間Ｔ２に設定する。 For example, when the voltage (charging rate) indicated by the first state information is lower than the high voltage threshold Vth (high charging rate threshold SOCth) and higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl (low charging rate threshold SOCtl), the main monitoring unit 4 2 (b), the voltage-constant time correspondence information D2 (charging rate-constant time correspondence information D3 shown in FIG. 2C) is referred to, and the voltage is lower than the high voltage threshold Vth (high charging rate threshold SOCth) and low voltage. T11 corresponding to the voltage (charging rate) of the battery B that is larger than the threshold Vtl (low charging rate threshold SOCtl) is set to T1 for a certain period of time, and is less than the high voltage threshold Vth (high charging rate threshold SOCth) and the low voltage threshold Vtl ( T21 corresponding to the voltage (charging rate) of the battery B which is larger than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl) is set to the constant time T2.

または、第１の状態情報が示す電圧（充電率）が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）以下である場合、メイン監視部４は、図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２（図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３）を参照して、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）以下の電池Ｂの電圧（充電率）に対応するＴ１２を一定時間Ｔ１に設定するとともに、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ）以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ）以下の電池Ｂの電圧（充電率）に対応するＴ２２を一定時間Ｔ２に設定する。 Alternatively, when the voltage (charge rate) indicated by the first state information is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth (high charge rate threshold SOCth) or lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl (low charge rate threshold SOCtl), the main monitoring unit 4 Referring to the voltage-constant time correspondence information D2 shown in FIG. 2B (charging rate-constant time correspondence information D3 shown in FIG. 2C), the voltage is higher than or equal to the high voltage threshold Vth (high charging rate threshold SOCth) or low. T12 corresponding to the voltage (charging rate) of the battery B that is equal to or lower than the voltage threshold Vtl (low charging rate threshold SOCtl) is set to T1 for a certain time, and is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth (high charging rate threshold SOCth) or the low voltage threshold Vtl. T22 corresponding to the voltage (charging rate) of battery B equal to or lower than (low charging rate threshold SOCtl) is set to T2 for a certain period of time.

なお、メイン監視部４は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるか否かを判断した後、サブ監視部５の動作モードを通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替えるように構成してもよい。例えば、メイン監視部４は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるか否かを判断し、かつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるか否かの判断が終了した旨をサブ監視部５から受信すると、休止信号をサブ監視部５に送信する。サブ監視部５は、休止信号を受信すると、自身の動作モードを、通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替える。 Note that the main monitoring unit 4 switches the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode after determining whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. You may comprise. For example, the main monitoring unit 4 determines whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal, and whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. When it is received from the sub-monitoring section 5 that the judgment of No. has been completed, a pause signal is transmitted to the sub-monitoring section 5. Upon receiving the sleep signal, the sub monitoring unit 5 switches its operation mode from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode.

図４は、サブ監視部５の動作を示すフローチャートである。なお、サブ監視部５は、低消費電力モードで動作しているものとする。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the sub monitoring unit 5. The sub monitoring unit 5 is assumed to be operating in the low power consumption mode.

まず、サブ監視部５は、一定時間Ｔ１の経過期間において起動信号を受信すると（ステップＳ２０１：Ｙｅｓ）、または、起動信号を受信しないまま一定時間Ｔ１が経過した後、一定時間Ｔ２が経過すると（ステップＳ２０１：Ｎｏ、ステップＳ２０２：Ｙｅｓ、ステップＳ２０３：Ｙｅｓ）、自身の動作モードを低消費電力モードから通常モードに切り替える（ステップＳ２０４）。 First, the sub-monitoring unit 5 receives the activation signal during the elapse of the constant time T1 (step S201: Yes), or when the constant time T2 elapses after the constant time T1 elapses without receiving the activation signal ( Step S201: No, Step S202: Yes, Step S203: Yes), and switches its own operation mode from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode (Step S204).

例えば、サブ監視部５は、タイマにより一定時間Ｔ１が計測されると、一定時間Ｔ１が経過したと判断する。また、サブ監視部５は、タイマにより一定時間Ｔ２（＞一定時間Ｔ１）が計測されると、一定時間Ｔ２が経過したと判断する。なお、タイマは、互いに同じタイミングで一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２の計測を開始するとともに、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を繰り返し計測するものとする。 For example, the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that the fixed time T1 has elapsed when the fixed time T1 is measured by the timer. Further, the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that the fixed time T2 has elapsed when the fixed time T2 (> the fixed time T1) is measured by the timer. The timers start measuring the fixed times T1 and T2 at the same timing, and repeatedly measure the fixed times T1 and T2.

次に、サブ監視部５は、第２の状態情報を取得し（ステップＳ２０５）、その取得した第２の状態情報をメイン監視部４及び上位制御部６に送信する（ステップＳ２０６）。 Next, the sub monitoring unit 5 acquires the second status information (step S205), and transmits the acquired second status information to the main monitoring unit 4 and the host control unit 6 (step S206).

例えば、サブ監視部５は、電圧検出部２により検出された電圧を、第２の状態情報として取得する。または、サブ監視部５は、図２（ａ）に示す電圧−充電率対応情報Ｄ１を参照して、電圧検出部２により検出された電圧に対応する充電率を、第２の状態情報として取得する。 For example, the sub monitoring unit 5 acquires the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 2 as the second state information. Alternatively, the sub monitoring unit 5 refers to the voltage-charging rate correspondence information D1 shown in FIG. 2A, and acquires the charging rate corresponding to the voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit 2 as the second state information. To do.

次に、サブ監視部５は、メイン監視部４から送信される第１の状態情報を受信すると（ステップＳ２０７：Ｙｅｓ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ２０８）。 Next, when the sub monitoring unit 5 receives the first state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit 4 (step S207: Yes), it is determined whether one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. Is determined (step S208).

なお、サブ監視部５は、メイン監視部４から第１の状態情報を一定時間以上受信されない場合（ステップＳ２０７：Ｎｏ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を上位制御部６に送信し（ステップＳ２０９）、自身の動作モードを通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替え（ステップＳ２１０）、ステップＳ２０１に戻る。 In addition, when the sub monitoring unit 5 does not receive the first state information from the main monitoring unit 4 for a certain period of time or more (step S207: No), it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. It transmits to the control part 6 (step S209), switches its own operation mode from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode (step S210), and returns to step S201.

例えば、サブ監視部５は、ステップＳ２０５において自身が取得した第２の状態情報に示される電圧及びステップＳ２０７においてメイン監視部４から受信した第１の状態情報に示される電圧の一方が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’未満かつ過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’より大きく、他方が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’以上又は過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’以下である場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’未満かつ過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’より大きい場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 For example, one of the voltages indicated by the second status information acquired by itself in step S205 and the voltage indicated by the first status information received from the main monitoring portion 4 in step S207 of the sub-monitoring section 5 is an overcharge voltage. When it is less than the threshold value Vth ′ and greater than the overdischarge voltage threshold value Vtl ′ and the other is equal to or higher than the overcharge voltage threshold value Vth ′ or equal to or lower than the overdischarge voltage threshold value Vtl ′, one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. If the voltages indicated by the first and second status information are less than the overcharge voltage threshold Vth ′ and greater than the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl ′, the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal. to decide.

または、サブ監視部５は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率の一方が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’未満かつ過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’より大きく、他方が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’以上又は過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’以下である場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’未満かつ過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’より大きい場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 Alternatively, the sub-monitoring unit 5 determines that one of the charging rates indicated by the first and second state information is less than the overcharge charging rate threshold SOCth ′ and greater than the overdischarge charging rate threshold SOCtl ′, and the other is overcharge charging rate. When it is equal to or higher than the threshold SOCth 'or equal to or lower than the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl', it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub-monitoring unit 5 is abnormal, and each charging rate indicated in the first and second state information. Is less than the overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth ′ and greater than the overdischarge charge rate threshold SOCtl ′, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal.

または、サブ監視部５は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が互いに一致しない場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧が互いに一致する場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 Alternatively, the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal when the voltages indicated by the first and second state information do not match each other, and the first and second When the voltages indicated by the state information 2 match each other, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal.

または、サブ監視部５は、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が互いに一致しない場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断し、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率が互いに一致する場合、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断する。 Alternatively, the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal when the charging rates indicated in the first and second state information do not match each other, When the charging rates indicated in the second state information match each other, it is determined that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal.

次に、サブ監視部５は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断すると（ステップＳ２０８：Ｙｅｓ）、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を上位制御部６に送信し（ステップＳ２０９）、自身の動作モードを通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替え（ステップＳ２１０）、ステップＳ２０１に戻る。 Next, when the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal (step S208: Yes), one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. To the host controller 6 (step S209), the operation mode of itself is switched from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode (step S210), and the process returns to step S201.

一方、サブ監視部５は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５が正常であると判断すると（ステップＳ２０８：Ｎｏ）、自身の動作モードを通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替え（ステップＳ２１０）、ステップＳ２０１に戻る。 On the other hand, when the sub monitoring unit 5 determines that the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 are normal (step S208: No), it switches its operation mode from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode (step S210), It returns to step S201.

なお、サブ監視部５は、自身の動作モードを、通常モードから低消費電力モードに切り替える前に、ステップＳ２０５において自身が取得した第２の状態情報を用いて一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を設定するように構成してもよい。このように構成する場合、メイン監視部４により図３のステップＳ１０８で行われる一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２の設定処理を省略することができる。 Note that the sub-monitoring unit 5 sets the predetermined time T1 and T2 using the second state information acquired by itself in step S205 before switching its operation mode from the normal mode to the low power consumption mode. You may comprise. With such a configuration, the main monitoring unit 4 can omit the setting process of the predetermined time periods T1 and T2 performed in step S108 of FIG.

図５は、上位制御部６の動作を示すフローチャートである。
上位制御部６は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を受信しないとき（ステップＳ３０１：Ｎｏ）、メイン監視部４から送信される第１の状態情報またはサブ監視部５から送信される第２の状態情報に応じて車両Ｖｅの走行を制御する（ステップＳ３０２）。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the upper control unit 6.
When one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 does not receive an error indicating that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal (step S <b> 301: No), the upper control unit 6 sends the first status information or the sub monitoring unit transmitted from the main monitoring unit 4. The traveling of the vehicle Ve is controlled according to the second state information transmitted from the vehicle 5 (step S302).

例えば、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、車両Ｖｅの現在の走行制御を維持する。 For example, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the second state information is lower than the high voltage threshold Vth and higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the upper control unit 6 maintains the current traveling control of the vehicle Ve.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上であり、かつ、過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ´未満である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 In addition, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth and less than the overcharge voltage threshold Vth ′, the higher-order control unit 6 determines that the battery B is removed from the load Lo. The traveling control is performed so that the current flowing to the motor is limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される電圧が過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ´以上である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 Moreover, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or higher than the overcharge voltage threshold Vth ′, the higher-order control unit 6 sets the vehicle Ve to prevent the current from flowing from the load Lo to the battery B. The vehicle Ve is stopped after traveling for a predetermined distance.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下であり、かつ、過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ´より大きい場合、電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 Further, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl and is higher than the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl ′, the higher-order control unit 6 shifts from the battery B to the load Lo. The traveling control is performed so that the flowing current is limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される電圧が過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ´以下である場合、電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 Further, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or lower than the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl ′, the higher-order control unit 6 controls the vehicle Ve so that the current does not flow from the battery B to the load Lo. The vehicle Ve is stopped after traveling for a predetermined distance.

または、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい場合、車両Ｖｅの現在の走行制御を維持する。 Alternatively, when the charging rate indicated by the first state information or the second state information is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth and greater than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, the upper control unit 6 maintains the current traveling control of the vehicle Ve. To do.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上であり、かつ、過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ´未満である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 In addition, when the charging rate indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or higher than the high charging rate threshold SOCth and is less than the overcharge charging rate threshold SOCth ′, the upper control unit 6 loads the load Lo. The traveling control is performed so that the current flowing from the battery B to the battery B is limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される充電率が過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ´以上である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 In addition, when the charging rate indicated by the first state information or the second state information is equal to or higher than the overcharge charging rate threshold SOCth ', the higher-order control unit 6 prevents the current from flowing from the load Lo to the battery B. The vehicle Ve is stopped after traveling the Ve for a predetermined distance.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される充電率が低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下であり、かつ、過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ´より大きい場合、電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 Further, when the charging rate indicated in the first state information or the second state information is equal to or lower than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl and is higher than the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl ′, the upper control unit 6 determines that the battery B The traveling control is performed so that the current flowing to the load Lo is limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報または第２の状態情報に示される充電率が過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ´以下である場合、電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 In addition, when the charging rate indicated in the first state information or the second state information is equal to or lower than the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl ′, the higher-order control unit 6 prevents the current from flowing from the battery B to the load Lo. The vehicle Ve is stopped after traveling the Ve for a predetermined distance.

一方、上位制御部６は、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨を受信すると（ステップＳ３０１：Ｙｅｓ）、メイン監視部４から送信される第１の状態情報及びサブ監視部５から送信される第２の状態情報に応じて車両Ｖｅの走行を制御する（ステップＳ３０３）。 On the other hand, when the upper control unit 6 receives the fact that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal (step S301: Yes), the first state information and the sub monitoring sent from the main monitoring unit 4 are received. The traveling of the vehicle Ve is controlled according to the second state information transmitted from the unit 5 (step S303).

例えば、上位制御部６は、メイン監視部４から送信される第１の状態情報に示される電圧及びサブ監視部５から送信される第２の状態情報に示される電圧がそれぞれ高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満かつ低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ流れる電流及び電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 For example, the upper control unit 6 determines that the voltage indicated by the first state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit 4 and the voltage indicated by the second state information transmitted by the sub monitoring unit 5 are each less than the high voltage threshold Vth. If it is larger than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the traveling control is performed so that the current flowing from the load Lo to the battery B and the current flowing from the battery B to the load Lo are limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報に示される電圧及び第２の状態情報に示される電圧のいずれかが高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上又は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ電流及び電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 In addition, when the voltage indicated by the first state information or the voltage indicated by the second state information is equal to or higher than the high voltage threshold Vth or equal to or lower than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the higher-order control unit 6 changes the battery from the load Lo. The vehicle Ve is stopped after the vehicle Ve has traveled for a predetermined distance so that the current flowing to the load B and the current flowing from the battery B to the load Lo do not flow.

または、上位制御部６は、メイン監視部４から送信される第１の状態情報に示される充電率及びサブ監視部５から送信される第２の状態情報に示される充電率がそれぞれ高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満かつ低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌより大きい場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ流れる電流及び電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が一定電流以下に制限されるように走行制御を行う。 Alternatively, the higher-level control unit 6 sets the charging rate indicated by the first state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit 4 and the charging rate indicated by the second state information transmitted by the sub-monitoring unit 5, respectively to a high charging rate. When it is less than the threshold SOCth and greater than the low charge rate threshold SOCtl, the traveling control is performed so that the current flowing from the load Lo to the battery B and the current flowing from the battery B to the load Lo are limited to a certain current or less.

また、上位制御部６は、第１の状態情報に示される充電率及び第２の状態情報に示される充電率のいずれかが高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上又は低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ以下である場合、負荷Ｌｏから電池Ｂへ流れる電流及び電池Ｂから負荷Ｌｏへ流れる電流が流れないように車両Ｖｅを所定距離走行させた後に車両Ｖｅを停車させる。 In addition, the higher-order control unit 6, when either the charging rate indicated by the first state information or the charging rate indicated by the second state information is equal to or higher than the high charging rate threshold SOCth or equal to or lower than the low charging rate threshold SOCtl, The vehicle Ve is stopped after running the vehicle Ve for a predetermined distance so that the current flowing from the load Lo to the battery B and the current flowing from the battery B to the load Lo do not flow.

実施形態の監視装置によれば、メイン監視部４の他に、サブ監視部５を備えて監視装置を構成しているため、監視部の冗長化を図ることができる。 According to the monitoring device of the embodiment, since the monitoring device is configured to include the sub monitoring unit 5 in addition to the main monitoring unit 4, the monitoring unit can be made redundant.

また、実施形態の監視装置では、サブ監視部５の動作モードが低消費電力モードになっているとき、サブ監視部５の動作モードが通常モードになっているときに比べて、サブ監視部５の消費電力を低減することができるため、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 Further, in the monitoring device of the embodiment, when the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is the low power consumption mode, as compared with when the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 is the normal mode, the sub monitoring unit 5 Since the power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced, the power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced.

また、実施形態の監視装置では、サブ監視部５が一定時間Ｔ１の経過期間において起動信号を受信すると動作モードが低消費電力モードから通常モードになるほか、起動信号を受信しないまま一定時間Ｔ１が経過した後、一定時間Ｔ２が経過すると動作モードが低消費電力モードから通常モードとなる。このため、仮にメイン監視部４又はサブ監視部５のタイマや、起動信号の送受信が正常に動作しなかったとしても、サブ監視部５の動作モードを確実に通常モードに切り替えることができる。 Further, in the monitoring device of the embodiment, when the sub-monitoring unit 5 receives the activation signal during the elapse of the constant time T1, the operation mode changes from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode, and the constant time T1 is maintained without receiving the activation signal. After a lapse of a certain period of time, when a predetermined time T2 has passed, the operation mode changes from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode. Therefore, even if the timer of the main monitoring unit 4 or the sub monitoring unit 5 or the transmission / reception of the activation signal does not operate normally, the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reliably switched to the normal mode.

また、実施形態の監視装置では、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ未満である場合、電池Ｂの電圧が高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ以上である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くし、または、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ未満である場合、電池Ｂの充電率が高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ以上である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする構成であるため、電池Ｂの過充電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 Further, in the monitoring device of the embodiment, when the voltage of the battery B is lower than the high voltage threshold Vth, the constant time T1, T2 is set longer than when the voltage of the battery B is higher than the high voltage threshold Vth, or When the charging rate of the battery B is less than the high charging rate threshold SOCth, the constant time T1, T2 is set longer than when the charging rate of the battery B is more than the high charging rate threshold SOCth. The overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the overcharged state of B.

また、実施形態の監視装置では、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの電圧が低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くし、または、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値Ｖｔｌより大きい場合、電池Ｂの充電率が低充電率閾値Ｖｔｌ以下である場合に比べて、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を長くする構成であるため、
電池Ｂの過放電状態の判断が遅れることで電池Ｂが劣化することを抑制しつつ、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の全体の消費電力を低減することができる。 Further, in the monitoring device of the embodiment, when the voltage of the battery B is higher than the low voltage threshold Vtl, the constant time T1, T2 is set longer than when the voltage of the battery B is the low voltage threshold Vtl or less, or When the charging rate of the battery B is higher than the low charging rate threshold Vtl, the constant time T1 and T2 are set longer than when the charging rate of the battery B is lower than the low charging rate threshold Vtl.
The overall power consumption of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 can be reduced while suppressing the deterioration of the battery B due to the delay in the determination of the over-discharged state of the battery B.

また、実施形態の監視装置では、上位制御部６が、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常である旨が伝えられると、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各電圧、または、第１及び第２の状態情報に示される各充電率に応じて、車両Ｖｅの走行を制御する構成であるため、メイン監視部４及びサブ監視部５の一方が異常であると判断されても、第１及び第２の状態情報に応じて車両Ｖｅの走行制御を行うことができる。 Further, in the monitoring device of the embodiment, when the upper control unit 6 is notified that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal, each voltage indicated by the first and second state information, Alternatively, since the traveling of the vehicle Ve is controlled according to each charging rate indicated by the first and second state information, it is determined that one of the main monitoring unit 4 and the sub monitoring unit 5 is abnormal. However, the traveling control of the vehicle Ve can be performed according to the first and second state information.

また、本発明は、以上の実施の形態に限定されるものでなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良、変更が可能である。 Further, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various improvements and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’）及び低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ（過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’）はいずれか一方のみが設けられていても良い。この場合、過放電状態の電池Ｂよりも過充電状態の電池Ｂの劣化が著しいため、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ（過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’）のみを設ける方が好ましい。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２は、高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ及び低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌのいずれか一方にのみ基づいて設定されても良い。 Only one of the high voltage threshold Vth (overcharge voltage threshold Vth ') and the low voltage threshold Vtl (overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl') may be provided. In this case, since the battery B in the overcharged state is more deteriorated than the battery B in the overdischarged state, it is preferable to provide only the high voltage threshold Vth (overcharge voltage threshold Vth '). Further, the fixed times T1 and T2 may be set based on only one of the high voltage threshold Vth and the low voltage threshold Vtl.

高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ（過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’）及び低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ（過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’）はいずれか一方のみが設けられていても良い。この場合、過放電状態の電池Ｂよりも過充電状態の電池Ｂの劣化が著しいため、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ（過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’）のみを設ける方が好ましい。また、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２は、高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ及び低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌのいずれか一方にのみ基づいて設定されても良い。 Only one of the high charge rate threshold SOCth (overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth ') and the low charge rate threshold SOCtl (overdischarge charge rate threshold SOCtl') may be provided. In this case, since the battery B in the overcharged state is more deteriorated than the battery B in the overdischarged state, it is preferable to provide only the high charge rate threshold SOCth (overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth '). Further, the fixed times T1 and T2 may be set based on only one of the high charging rate threshold SOCth and the low charging rate threshold SOCtl.

過充電電圧閾値Ｖｔｈ’は高電圧閾値Ｖｔｈと同じ電圧であっても良い。また、過放電電圧閾値Ｖｔｌ’は低電圧閾値Ｖｔｌと同じ電圧であっても良い。 The overcharge voltage threshold Vth 'may be the same voltage as the high voltage threshold Vth. Further, the overdischarge voltage threshold Vtl 'may be the same voltage as the low voltage threshold Vtl.

過充電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈ’は高充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｈと同じ充電率であっても良い。また、過放電充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌ’は低充電率閾値ＳＯＣｔｌと同じ充電率であっても良い。 The overcharge charge rate threshold SOCth 'may be the same charge rate as the high charge rate threshold SOCth. Further, the over-discharge charging rate threshold SOCtl 'may be the same charging rate as the low charging rate threshold SOCtl.

一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２は、図２（ｂ）に示す電圧−一定時間対応情報Ｄ２及び図２（ｃ）に示す充電率−一定時間対応情報Ｄ３のいずれか一方にのみ基づいて設定されても良い。すなわち、一定時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２は、電圧及び充電率のいずれか一方にのみ基づいて設定されても良い。 The fixed times T1 and T2 may be set based on only one of the voltage-fixed time correspondence information D2 shown in FIG. 2B and the charging rate-fixed time correspondence information D3 shown in FIG. 2C. . That is, the fixed times T1 and T2 may be set based on only one of the voltage and the charging rate.

１電池パック
２電圧検出部
３記憶部
４メイン監視部
５サブ監視部
６上位制御部
Ｖｅ車両
Ｂ電池
Ｌｏ負荷
1 Battery Pack 2 Voltage Detection Unit 3 Storage Unit 4 Main Monitoring Unit 5 Sub Monitoring Unit 6 Upper Control Unit Ve Vehicle B Battery Lo Load

Claims

It has a main monitoring unit and a sub monitoring unit that monitor the state of the battery,
The main monitoring unit changes the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the low power consumption mode in which only some of all the functions of the sub monitoring unit operate every time the first constant time elapses to the sub monitoring mode. While switching to the normal mode in which all the functions of the monitoring unit operates, it is determined whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit is abnormal,
When the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is not switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by the main monitoring unit during the lapse of the first constant time, the sub monitoring unit waits for the first constant time. After the elapse of the second long constant time, the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by itself, and the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by itself. If the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by the main monitoring unit, whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal or not. Judge,
After determining whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the main monitoring unit or the sub monitoring unit sets the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the normal mode to the low power consumption. A monitoring device characterized by switching to a mode.

The monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein
The main monitoring unit or the sub monitoring unit, when the voltage of the battery is less than the high voltage threshold, compared to the case where the voltage of the battery is more than the high voltage threshold, the first and second constant time. Or when the charging rate of the battery is less than the high charging rate threshold, the first and second constant times are set to be longer than when the charging rate of the battery is more than the high charging rate threshold. A monitoring device characterized by being long.

The monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein
When the voltage of the battery is higher than the low voltage threshold, the main monitoring unit or the sub-monitoring unit sets the first and second fixed times as compared to when the voltage of the battery is equal to or lower than the low voltage threshold. When the charging rate of the battery is longer than the low charging rate threshold value, the first and second constant times are set longer than when the charging rate of the battery is equal to or lower than the low charging rate threshold value. A monitoring device characterized by the above.

The monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein
When the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit determines that one of the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit is abnormal, the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit send a message to that effect to the upper control unit,
When the upper control unit receives a notification that one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the upper control unit transmits the voltage indicated by the first state information transmitted from the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit. According to the voltage indicated in the second state information, or the charging rate indicated in the first state information and the charging rate indicated in the second state information, A monitoring device that controls running.

A monitoring method in a monitoring device comprising a main monitoring unit and a sub monitoring unit for monitoring the state of a battery,
The main monitoring unit changes the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the low power consumption mode in which only some of all the functions of the sub monitoring unit operate every time the first constant time elapses to the sub monitoring mode. While switching to the normal mode in which all the functions of the monitoring unit operates, it is determined whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit is abnormal,
When the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit is not switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by the main monitoring unit during the lapse of the first constant time, the sub monitoring unit waits for the first constant time. The operation mode of the sub-monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by itself after the elapse of the second constant time, which is also long, and the operation mode of the sub-monitoring unit is changed from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by itself. Or when the operation mode of the sub-monitoring unit is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal mode by the first monitoring unit, is one of the main monitoring unit and the sub-monitoring unit abnormal? Determine whether or not
After determining whether one of the main monitoring unit and the sub monitoring unit is abnormal, the main monitoring unit or the sub monitoring unit sets the operation mode of the sub monitoring unit from the normal mode to the low power consumption. A monitoring method characterized by switching to a mode.