JP2018173385A - Method for diagnosing seal material of indeterminate shape - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for diagnosing a seal material of indeterminate shape with which it is possible to accurately diagnose the degraded state of a seal material of indeterminate shape without destroying a seal material of indeterminate shape filled between outer wall materials.SOLUTION: The method for diagnosing a seal material of indeterminate shape comprises: an imaging step S1 for imaging the surface of an outer wall material 2.2 present on both sides of a seal material 3 of indeterminate shape and the surface of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape; an extraction step S2 for extracting an image 7B that is equivalent of the surface of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape from a captured image 7A; a binarization processing step S4 for binarizing the extracted image 7B of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape so that cracks and wrinkles of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape can be specified from the image of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape; a feature quantity calculation step S5 for calculating parameters, as feature quantities, that are characteristics of cracks and wrinkles of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape from a binarized image 7C of the seal material of indeterminate shape; and a diagnosis step S6 for diagnosing the degraded sate of the seal material 3 of indeterminate shape on the basis of the feature quantities.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material for diagnosing a deterioration state of an irregular sealing material filled between outer wall materials of a building.

  Conventionally, in order to ensure waterproof performance, an indeterminate sealing material (wet sealing material) has been used for joints of outer wall materials in buildings. The irregular sealing material is filled in the joint, hardened in a rubber shape, and in close contact with the outer wall material or the like, prevents intrusion of water such as rainwater for a long time. The amorphous sealing material is flexible if the years after construction is shallow, and can follow the movement without any significant change in appearance even when subjected to shaking or vibration such as an earthquake.

  However, the amorphous sealing material is cured when exposed to solar heat, moisture, ultraviolet rays or the like for a long period of time, so that flexibility is lost and deterioration such as discoloration, cracks, wrinkles, and peeling of the outer surface appears. Eventually, when the irregular sealing material breaks, rainwater enters between the joints of the outer wall material, causing rain leakage, and losing the strength of structurally important parts such as columns and beams. There are things to do. Therefore, it is important to diagnose the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material.

  For example, as a method of diagnosing the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material, a method of diagnosing by destructive inspection has been implemented. Specifically, a part of the existing amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials is cut and extracted, and a tensile test is performed on the extracted amorphous sealing material. Diagnose deterioration and remaining life. In this diagnosis method, since the existing irregular sealing material is extracted and diagnosed, the deterioration state and remaining life of the irregular sealing material can be diagnosed more accurately. However, it is necessary to repair a portion where the irregular sealing material is cut, and the work becomes complicated.

  Therefore, in periodic inspections of buildings, etc., it is necessary to visually observe deterioration states such as cracks (cracks), wrinkles (shrinkage), peeling, and breakage of irregular shaped seal materials, and the need for maintenance of irregular shaped seal materials from these deteriorated states And may determine the remaining life. In addition to this, based on the correlation between the depth of the irregular sealing material and the degree of deterioration, the estimated endurance of the irregular sealing material corresponding to the degree of deterioration is determined, and the actual measured depth of the irregular sealing material. Therefore, a diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material that determines the predicted durability of the irregular sealing material has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-231383 A

  However, when visually diagnosing the deterioration state such as cracks, wrinkles, peeling, fractures, etc. that occurred on the surface of the irregular shaped sealing material, there are individual differences in the identification of the cracks and wrinkles, depending on the experience of the viewer, etc. There will be variations in the diagnostic results.

  Furthermore, in such a diagnosis, it is important to know the progress of deterioration by examining the state of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material, which is a precursor of fracture. However, the cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material are fine, and it is difficult to accurately measure these states. In addition to this, the width of the irregular sealing material itself is narrow and the finished surface of the irregular sealing material has a concave shape toward the outside air. It is difficult to accurately measure cracks. As a result, it is difficult to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material based on cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material.

  In view of this point, in the diagnostic method shown in Patent Document 1, based on the correlation between the depth of the irregularly shaped sealing material measured in advance and the degree of deterioration thereof, from the actually measured depth of the irregularly shaped sealing material, Since the deterioration state can be diagnosed, the variation in the diagnosis results is small. However, since the depth of the irregular sealing material itself already varies at the time of construction, it is difficult to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material even in this case.

  The present invention has been made in view of these points, and the object of the present invention is to deteriorate the state of the amorphous sealing material without destroying the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for diagnosing an irregular sealing material that can accurately diagnose the above.

  In order to achieve the above object, a diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material according to the present invention is a diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material for diagnosing the deterioration state of an irregular sealing material filled between building outer wall materials. The imaging step of imaging the surface of the outer wall material and the surface of the irregular sealing material on both sides of the irregular sealing material, and from the image captured in the imaging step, corresponds to the surface of the irregular sealing material Extracting the image to be extracted and binarizing the image of the irregular sealing material extracted in the extraction step so that cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material can be identified from the image of the irregular sealing material From the binarization processing step to be processed and the image of the irregular sealing material binarized in the binarization processing step, parameters that are characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material are calculated as feature amounts. You A feature quantity calculation step, based on the feature amount calculated in the characteristic amount calculating step, characterized in that it comprises a diagnostic step, at least for diagnosing the deterioration state of the amorphous sealant.

  According to the present invention, an image corresponding to the surface of the irregular sealing material is extracted from the image captured in the imaging process, and the extracted image is identified with two cracks and wrinkles so that the irregular sealing material can be identified. Perform value processing. By using the binarized image, it is possible to accurately and objectively identify cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material as compared with visual observation.

  Since the parameters that are characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material are calculated from the binarized image as the characteristic amount, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material can be determined from the quantitatively extracted characteristic amount. It can be diagnosed accurately. In this way, it is possible to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the amorphous sealing material without destroying the amorphous sealing material filled between the outer wall materials.

  As a more preferred aspect, the feature amount is an area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material, a maximum width, or the number thereof with respect to the entire binarized image of the irregular sealing material. According to this aspect, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material, the maximum width, or the number thereof is a characteristic amount resulting from the degradation of the irregular shaped sealing material. It can be diagnosed accurately.

  As a more preferable aspect, the remaining life of the irregular sealing material is predicted based on the feature amount in the diagnosis step. According to this aspect, the feature amount of the parameter that is a characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped seal material is a parameter for quantitatively determining the deterioration state of the irregular shaped seal material. The remaining life of the material can be accurately predicted. As a result, it is possible to determine when to repair the irregular sealing material at a more appropriate timing from the remaining life of the irregular sealing material.

  As a more preferred aspect, in the imaging step, an auxiliary card in which a rectangular evaluation window is formed is used, and the auxiliary card is arranged at a position where the surface of the outer wall material and the irregular sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window. Then, the part of the auxiliary card including the evaluation window is imaged.

  According to this aspect, in the imaging process, if the auxiliary sealing material is disposed at a position where the amorphous sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window and the portion of the auxiliary card including the evaluation window is imaged, Images can be extracted accurately.

  In particular, the finished surface of the irregular sealing material has a concave shape toward the outside air, so when an auxiliary card is placed on the surface of the outer wall material, it is placed on the upper part of the irregular sealing material imaged through the evaluation window. The shadow by the auxiliary card is formed. Thereby, the position of the amorphous sealing material can be specified more accurately from the image captured in the imaging process.

  According to the diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material of the present invention, it is possible to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material without destroying the irregular sealing material filled between the outer wall materials.

It is the apparatus schematic for enforcing the diagnostic method of the irregular-shaped sealing material which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart of the diagnostic method of the irregular-shaped sealing material which concerns on this invention. It is a typical perspective view for demonstrating the imaging process using the auxiliary card | curd shown in FIG. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the space | interval of the upper and lower imaging | photography line of the auxiliary card | curd shown in FIG. 3, and the average value of the brightness of an evaluation part. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the size of the evaluation window of the auxiliary card | curd shown in FIG. 3, and the average value of the brightness of an evaluation part. It is the figure which showed the image imaged at the imaging process shown in FIG. (A) is an image of an irregular sealing material that has undergone an image processing step after the extraction step shown in FIG. 2, and (b) is an image of the irregular sealing material that has undergone a binarization treatment step shown in FIG. It is an image. It is a result of the deterioration promotion test for demonstrating the deterioration state of an irregular-shaped sealing material. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum crack and wrinkle width of the irregular sealing material and the crack and wrinkle area ratio of the irregular sealing material from the experimental results of FIG. 8. (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time in the deterioration promotion test shown in FIG. 8 and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material, and (b) is a graph showing cracks of the irregular sealing material and 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the area ratio or maximum width of wrinkles and the remaining life.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for carrying out the diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material according to the present invention.

1. About an apparatus for diagnosing an irregular sealing material In the diagnostic method for an irregular sealing material according to the present embodiment, a deterioration state of an irregular sealing material filled between outer wall materials of a building is diagnosed. In this diagnosis method, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material is diagnosed using the imaging device 20 and the processing device 30 shown in FIG. When using the imaging device 20, an auxiliary card 5 for assisting imaging is used as necessary.

1-1. About the imaging device 20 The imaging device 20 is a device that can shoot a color digital image, and images the surface of the outer wall material and the surface of the amorphous sealing material on both sides of the amorphous sealing material in an imaging step S1 described later. Device. Examples of the imaging device 20 include a digital camera (so-called digital camera), a mobile phone terminal having a camera function, another mobile information processing terminal (PDA, tablet), and the like.

1-2. About Processing Device 30 The processing device 30 includes an input device 31, a display device 32, a calculation device (CPU) 33, and a storage device (for example, a RAM) 34. The processing device 30 is a form terminal such as a personal computer or a smartphone or a tablet terminal. The storage device 34 includes an image processing program 34A that performs the extraction process S2 to the binarization process S4 shown in FIG. 2, a feature amount calculation program 34B that performs the feature amount calculation step S5, and a diagnostic program that performs the diagnosis step S6. 34C is stored. The storage device 34 stores an OS (operation program) (not shown), and these programs 34A to 34C are installed as application programs.

  The input device 31 is an input device such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel, and is connected to the arithmetic device 33 and the storage device 34 via an input / output port (not shown) such as an interface such as a USB standard. The input device 31 inputs, for example, the modified programs 34A to 34C, processing conditions for each process, and processing contents. The image captured by the imaging device 20 is input to the arithmetic device 33 via the input / output port. The display device 32 is an output device capable of displaying an image such as a liquid crystal display device, and is an image treated in the binarization processing step S4 from the extraction step S2, the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5, and the diagnosis step. The diagnosis result diagnosed in S6 is displayed.

  In this embodiment, in each process, the program 34A-34C corresponding to this is started and an operator implements extraction process S2-diagnosis process S6 using the input device 31. FIG. In addition to this, for example, at the timing when the image captured by the image capturing device 20 is captured by the arithmetic device 33, the image capturing device 20 reads the programs 34A to 34C from the storage device 34, and performs the extraction steps S2 to diagnosis. Step S6 may be automatically performed.

1-3. About Auxiliary Card 5 FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an imaging step S1 using the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. The auxiliary card 5 is a plate-like member such as a plastic plate of about 0.5 mm, and is formed with a rectangular evaluation window (opening) 53 through which at least a portion necessary for diagnosis can be seen. If the part necessary for diagnosis is visible, the shape of the evaluation window 53 is not particularly limited, such as a rectangle or a square. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 for specifying the imaging range 7 by the imaging device 20 are provided on the surface of the auxiliary card 5.

  By the way, in general, the imaging device 20 such as a digital camera recognizes the brightness of the subject as an intermediate color of 18% gray, so that white objects appear dark and black objects appear bright. On the other hand, when an imaging device 20 is used to capture an image of an intermediate color reflector such as 18% gray with automatic exposure, the brightness is adjusted so that an appropriate exposure is always obtained. The color is imaged in a color close to nature.

  Here, in the building 1 shown in FIG. 3, the surface colors of the irregular sealing material 3 and the outer wall material 2 are wide in brightness, such as those close to white and those close to black. For example, when the auxiliary wall 5 based on pure white is used to capture an image of the outer wall material 2 and the irregular sealing material 3 that are close to black, the captured image becomes blacker than the original color. For this reason, since the crack (crack) etc. of the surface of the irregular-shaped sealing material 3 are also image | photographed black, it may be difficult to identify this crack correctly.

  On the other hand, when the outer wall material 2 and the irregular sealing material 3 close to black are imaged using the auxiliary card 5 based on jet black, the captured image becomes whiter than the original color. For this reason, the crack (crack) of the surface of the irregular-shaped sealing material used as black becomes white, and it may be difficult to identify correctly.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the surface color on the imaging side of the auxiliary card 5 is based on an intermediate color such as 18% gray (specifically, the lightness L in the Lab display is 45 to 55), so that the outer wall of the building It becomes difficult to be affected by the brightness of the material and the irregular sealing material, and it is possible to image cracks and the like of the irregular sealing material 3 to be evaluated with appropriate exposure. In addition, the lightness L is closer to jet black as it is closer to 0, and closer to 100 as it is closer to pure white.

  In the present embodiment, the surface color on the imaging side of the auxiliary card 5 is gray in the (L, a *, b *) color system, L = 45 to 55, a * = 0, b * = 0. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, red type L = 45 to 55, a * = 50, b * = 50, L = 45 to 55, a * = 0, b * May be an intermediate color in a gray scale, such as a blue one such as = 20, a green one such as L = 45 to 55, a * = 30, and b * = 0.

  Here, the inventors conducted the following experiment in order to confirm this. Specifically, an evaluation window 53 of 20 mm × 20 mm is formed, and the auxiliary card 5 based on white in which the intervals between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 are set to 50 mm, 70 mm, and 100 mm, and 18% gray is based. Auxiliary card 5 was prepared.

  Next, using these auxiliary cards 5, an image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was captured through the evaluation window 53 so that the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 are positioned above and below the imaging range 7. Next, the average value of the lightness (L value) of the evaluation part including the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was measured from the captured image. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance H between the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 of the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the lightness (L value) of the evaluation portion.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the auxiliary card 5 based on white is used, the average value of the lightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the irregular sealing material 3 is auxiliary based on 18% gray. Compared to the one using the card 5, it is low. Further, when the auxiliary card 5 based on 18% gray is used, the lightness (L value) of the evaluation portion including the image of the irregular sealing material 3 is close to the original brightness of the irregular sealing material 3 and is evaluated. It turned out that it is preferable for detecting a crack or the like of the target amorphous sealing material 3.

  By the way, the larger the distance H between the upper and lower shooting lines 54, 55, the larger the distance from the imaging device 20 to the evaluation window 53 (the amorphous sealing material 3 that is the subject), and the ratio of the evaluation window 53 in the captured image. Becomes smaller. As a result, the number of pixels of the image of the irregular sealing material 3 to be diagnosed becomes small.

  On the other hand, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the average value of the brightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation portion increases as the distance between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 increases (the distance from the imaging device 20 to the amorphous sealing material 3 increases). It turns out that it becomes small. From this, in order to ensure the lightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation part including the irregular sealing material 3, the optimum distance between the imaging device 20 and the irregular sealing material 3 (optimum of the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55). It can be seen that there is a large interval). In this example, when the evaluation window size is 20 mm × 20 mm and the interval H between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 exceeds 70 mm, the image of the evaluation portion becomes dark. The gap H is preferably 20 mm to 70 mm.

  Further, the inventors set the auxiliary card 5 based on 18% gray, in which the interval between the upper and lower shooting lines 54 and 55 is 70 mm, and the size of the evaluation window 53 is 10 mm × 10 mm, 15 mm × 15 mm, 20 mm × 20 mm. Got ready.

  Using these auxiliary cards 5, an image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was taken through the evaluation window 53 so that the upper and lower photographing lines 54 and 55 are located above and below the imaging range 7. Next, the average value of the lightness (L value) of the evaluation part including the image of the amorphous sealing material 3 was measured from the captured image. The result is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the size of the evaluation window 53 of the auxiliary card 5 shown in FIG. 3 and the average value of the brightness of the evaluation portion.

  As shown in FIG. 5, as the size of the evaluation window 53 increases, the brightness (L value) of the image of the evaluation portion including the irregular sealing material 3 increases, and when the size is 20 mm × 20 mm, the irregular sealing material 3. The brightness of the image was close to the original brightness of the amorphous sealing material 3. Therefore, the size of the rectangular evaluation window 53 is preferably such that the length B of at least one side is 20 mm or more. If this condition is ensured, the shape of the evaluation window 53 is rectangular. It may be a shape.

2. Diagnosis Method for Unshaped Sealing Material 3 With reference to FIGS. 2 to 10, a diagnosis method for the undefined sealing material 3 using the auxiliary card 5, the imaging device 20, and the processing device 30 described above will be described below. . In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the diagnostic method for the irregular sealing material 3 is performed between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 of the building 1 by performing steps from the imaging step S1 to the diagnostic step S6. The deterioration state of the formed irregular sealing material 3 is diagnosed. Below, each process is demonstrated.

2-1. Imaging Step S1 Hereinafter, the imaging step S1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 6 described above. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an image 7A captured in the imaging step S1 illustrated in FIG. In the imaging step S <b> 1, the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2, 2 on both sides of the irregular sealing material 3 and the surface of the irregular sealing material 3 are imaged. Thereby, the surface including the maximum width of the amorphous sealing material 3 corresponding to the joint between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 can be imaged. In the present embodiment, specifically, the auxiliary card 5 having the rectangular evaluation window 53 described above is used, and the surface of the outer wall materials 2, 2 and the irregular sealing material 3 can be seen from the evaluation window 53. The auxiliary card 5 is arranged, and the portion of the auxiliary card 5 including the evaluation window 53 (imaging range 7) is imaged by the imaging device 20.

  At this time, the vertical edges 53a and 53a of the evaluation window 53 of the auxiliary card 5 are substantially parallel to the direction in which the irregular seal material 3 extends, and the lateral edges 53b and 53b of the evaluation window 53 are irregular seals. The auxiliary card 5 is arranged on the surface of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the material 3 extends. In this state, the imaging range 7 is imaged so that the upper and lower imaging lines 54 and 55 coincide with the upper and lower edges of the image to be captured.

  Thereby, an image 7A captured in the imaging range 7 shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained. By using the auxiliary card 5 described above, the shooting conditions can be stabilized, and the resolution of the obtained image 7A can be kept within a certain range. In this way, it is possible to obtain an image (digital image) 7A including a clear image of the amorphous sealing material 3 whose deterioration state is to be diagnosed.

  Further, in the obtained image 7A, the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the surface of the irregular sealing material 3 are reflected in the evaluation window 53. In this way, in the imaging step S1, if the auxiliary card 5 is arranged at a position where the irregular sealing material 3 can be seen from the evaluation window 53 and the portion of the auxiliary card 5 including the evaluation window 53 is imaged, an extraction step S2 described later. The image of the irregular sealing material 3 can be easily specified and extracted accurately.

  Further, since the finished surface of the irregular sealing material 3 has a concave shape toward the outside air, when the auxiliary card 5 is disposed so as to contact the surfaces of the outer wall materials 2, 2, the evaluation window 53 is interposed. A shadow by the auxiliary card 5 is formed on the upper part 3d of the irregular sealing material 3 imaged in this manner. Thereby, since the position of the irregular-shaped sealing material 3 can be specified more accurately from the image captured in the imaging step S1, the image of the irregular-shaped sealing material 3 is more easily and accurately extracted in the extraction step S2. be able to.

2-2. About extraction process S2 Below, extraction process S2 is demonstrated, referring FIG. In the extraction step S2, an image 7B corresponding to the surface of the irregular sealing material 3 is extracted from the image 7A captured in the imaging step S1. Here, the image 7B is extracted using the image processing program 34A of the processing device 30.

  Specifically, the image 7B of the irregular sealing material 3 is extracted from the captured image 7A by tremming or the like within a certain range such as a square or a rectangle. In order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, the boundary between the outer wall materials 2 and 2 and the irregular sealing material 3 is detected, and after correcting the angle to rotate the image 7A so that the joint becomes vertical, the image 7B May be extracted.

2-3. Regarding Image Processing Step S3 The image processing step S3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7A shows an image 7B of the irregular sealing material 3 that has undergone the image processing step S3 after the extraction step S2 shown in FIG. In the image processing step S3, image processing is performed on the image 7B taken out by tremming so that cracks and wrinkles generated in the irregular sealing material 3 become clear as necessary. Here, image processing is performed using the image processing program 34 </ b> A of the processing device 30.

  For example, in the extraction step S2, the extracted image 7B may include dust or the like in addition to cracks of the irregular sealing material, and the reflected dust or the like may be used as noise as necessary. Remove. Examples of such processing include contraction processing, expansion processing, and median filter processing.

  In the extraction step S2, if the extracted image 7B is a blurred image, a sharpening process for sharpening the image 7B is performed as necessary. Further, when the brightness distribution due to shadows or the like in the image 7B is not uniform, the image 7B is made clear by linear density conversion or nonlinear density conversion. In the linear density conversion, the brightness of the image 7B (for example, the average value of RGB) is obtained for each pixel, a frequency distribution chart (histogram) is created, the distribution width is analyzed from the created frequency distribution chart, and the biased distribution is further increased. Image processing is performed to make it uniform. In nonlinear density conversion, image processing is performed so that the entire image 7B becomes bright (dark).

  In this way, as shown in FIG. 7A, cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 can be identified more clearly in the extracted image 7B of the irregular shaped sealing material 3. In the extraction step S2, when the cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 are clearly reflected in the extracted image 7B of the irregular sealing material 3, the image processing step S3 may be omitted.

2-4. Next, the binarization processing step S4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B described above. FIG. 7B is an image 7C of the irregular sealing material 3 subjected to the binarization processing step S4 shown in FIG. In the binarization processing step S4, the image 7B of the irregular sealing material 3 extracted in the extraction step S2 is binarized so that cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 can be identified from the image 7B of the irregular sealing material 3. Process. Here, the image 7B is binarized using the image processing program 34A of the processing device 30.

  Specifically, black and white binarization processing is performed on the image 7B shown in FIG. Examples of the binarization processing include fixed threshold processing, p-tile processing, and variable threshold processing. For example, in the fixed threshold value process, white or black is assigned to all pixels using the average value of all the pixels of the image 7B or a fixed value obtained by adding an increase / decrease value to the average value as a reference. In the p tile processing, a threshold value is determined so that the white and black dispersion ratios of the image 7B are equal, and all pixels of the image 7B are binarized. In the variable threshold processing, the threshold value of the place is obtained according to the brightness distribution in the image 7B (adaptive binarization processing).

  In this way, from the image 7B of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 subjected to the image processing step S3 shown in FIG. 7A, the image of the binarized amorphous sealing material 3 shown in FIG. 7B. 7C can be obtained. In the image 7C of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 that has been binarized, cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 are displayed as black portions. It should be noted that cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 cannot be distinguished from each other in the image 7C.

2-5. Feature Quantity Calculation Step S5 The feature quantity calculation step S5 will be described. In the image processing step S3, parameters that are characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 are calculated as feature values from the binarized image 7C of the irregular shaped sealing material. Here, the feature amount is calculated using the feature amount calculation program 34B of the processing device 30.

  The characteristic amount is a parameter that is a characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 that appears as a precursor of the fracture of the irregular shaped sealing material 3. For example, the area ratio of the cracks and wrinkles, its maximum width, the number, The maximum length or the maximum aspect ratio can be mentioned. In the present embodiment, as the feature amount, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles, the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles, or the cracks and wrinkles of the entire image 7C of the binarized amorphous seal material 3 The number of is calculated. Note that the feature amount may be further calculated from these calculated area ratio, maximum width, and number of parameters using two or three parameters.

  For example, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 to the entire image 7C of the binarized amorphous sealing material 3 is the ratio of the number of black pixels of the image 7C to the total number of pixels of the image 7C. It can be obtained by calculating.

  Further, the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 with respect to the entire image 7C of the irregular sealing material 3 subjected to the binarization processing is the number of pixels (or the number of pixels) that are continuous in the width direction of the black image of the image 7C. It can be calculated from the calculated crack size).

  In addition, the number of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 with respect to the entire image 7C of the irregular sealing material 3 subjected to the binarization processing can be automatically calculated by performing Hough conversion on the image 7C. .

  In particular, according to the experiments by the inventors, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 and the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 are correlated, and these are irregular. It has been found that there is also a correlation with the remaining life of the sealing material 3. Hereinafter, before explaining the diagnosis step S6, the correlation between them will be explained with reference to FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 (a).

2-6. About the deterioration promotion test of an irregular-shaped sealing material The inventors prepared the test piece which filled the joint of the irregular-shaped sealing material into the joint of an outer wall material, as shown in FIG. Next, a deterioration promoting test that promotes deterioration of the amorphous sealing material by applying stress to the amorphous sealing material under a certain condition and irradiating with ultraviolet rays while spraying heat and water. went. Every time a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the deterioration promotion test, a series of steps from the imaging step S1 to the feature amount calculation step S5 shown in FIG. 2 was performed. In the feature amount calculation step S5, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles were calculated.

  FIG. 8 shows the results of a deterioration promotion test for explaining the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material. The upper image in FIG. 8 is an image obtained by image processing the extracted amorphous sealing material, and the lower image is an image obtained by binarizing the upper image.

  In Table 8, the degree of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material was classified into “none”, “small”, “medium”, and “large” by visual judgment. If the crack level is “Small”, the degradation state is “Stage 1”, if the crack level is “Medium”, the degradation state is “Stage 2”, and the crack level is “Large” The deterioration state was “stage 3”, and the amorphous seal material was broken, and the deterioration state was “stage 4”.

  As shown in FIG. 8, at the initial stage of the deterioration promotion test, there were no cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material, but as the deterioration promotion test progressed, the cracks and wrinkles became larger, and the binarized image (binary) It can be seen that the ratio of the black portion in the (converted image) is increased and the width thereof is increased. That is, it can be seen that as the deterioration promotion test proceeds, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material increases, and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles also increases.

  Next, from the binarized images in the deterioration promotion test shown in FIG. 8, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material and the maximum width of the cracks and wrinkles were calculated. Shown in FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum crack and wrinkle width of the irregular sealing material and the crack and wrinkle area ratio of the irregular sealing material from the experimental results of FIG. In FIG. 9, the degree of cracking of the irregular sealing material is converted with the area ratio and the maximum width of the irregular sealing material in the fractured state (specifically, the fractured state in stage 4 shown in FIG. 8) being 1.0. doing. Accordingly, the area ratio and the maximum width of the irregular shaped sealing material shown in FIG. 9 correspond to these ratios, respectively. The area ratio and the maximum width shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B described later are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 9, there is a correlation between the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles in the irregular sealing material and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles in the irregular sealing material. Therefore, if any of the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material is specified as a feature value, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material is diagnosed. be able to.

  Next, FIG. 10A shows the relationship between the elapsed time in the deterioration promotion test shown in FIG. 8 and the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material. In FIG. 10 (a), the area ratio and elapsed time of the irregular shaped sealing material in the fractured state (specifically, the fractured state in stage 4 shown in FIG. 8) are 1. It is converted as 0. Therefore, the elapsed time of the irregular shaped sealing material shown in FIG. 10A corresponds to the ratio. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), if the elapsed time in the deterioration promotion test becomes longer, the area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material increases, and both have a correlation. Considering such points, the diagnosis step S6 will be described below.

2-7. Diagnosis Step S6 The diagnosis step S6 will be described with reference to FIG. 9 and FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b). In the diagnosis step S6, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material 3 is diagnosed based on the feature amount. Here, the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material 3 is diagnosed using the diagnostic program 34 </ b> C of the processing device 30. In the diagnostic program 34C, when the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5 is the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3, or the crack and wrinkle area ratio of the irregular shaped sealing material 3. As shown in FIG. 9, information in which the range of the maximum width or area ratio is divided into stages 1 to 4 of the deterioration state is recorded.

  In the diagnosis step S6, it is determined in which range of the divided maximum width or area ratio the feature amount (maximum width or area ratio) calculated in the feature amount calculation step S5 falls, and from that range, an indefinite form is determined. The deterioration state of the sealing material 3 is classified into stages 1 to 4. Thereby, the deterioration state of the irregular-shaped sealing material 3 can be diagnosed. In the present embodiment, the non-circular seal 3 is set to have a lifetime with certain values of the area ratio and the maximum width in the stage 4 (for example, with an area ratio of 0.8 and a maximum width of 0.8). .

  Further, in the diagnosis step S6, the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material 3 is predicted based on the feature amount. Here, from FIG. 10 (a), if the deterioration promotion test is continued from the crack and wrinkle area ratio of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 which is a characteristic quantity indicating the degraded state, the irregular shaped sealing material 3 breaks. I know what to do. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the diagnostic program 34C includes the area ratio or maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular seal material, which is a feature amount, and the irregular seal material used in an actual environment. A function or mathematical expression that estimates the relationship with the remaining life of is recorded.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the value of the calculated feature amount (the area ratio or the maximum width of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3) is S, it is shown in FIG. 10B. From the graph, the remaining life can be predicted as P. In the present embodiment, the remaining life is 0 with an area ratio of 0.8 or a maximum width of 0.8.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the image 7B corresponding to the surface of the irregular sealing material 3 is extracted from the image 7A captured in the imaging step S1, and the extracted image 7B is extracted from the irregular sealing material 3. Binarization was performed so that cracks and wrinkles could be identified. By using the binarized image 7C obtained in this way, it is possible to more accurately and objectively identify the cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 as compared with visual observation.

  And since the characteristic amount of the crack and wrinkle of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 is quantitatively calculated from the binarized image 7C, the deterioration state of the irregular shaped sealing material 3 can be accurately diagnosed.

  Since the characteristic amount of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material 3 is a parameter for quantitatively judging the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material 3, the remaining life of the irregular sealing material 3 is accurately predicted from this characteristic amount. can do. As a result, it is possible to determine the time for repairing the amorphous sealing material 3 at a more appropriate time from the remaining life of the amorphous sealing material 3.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various designs can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. It can be changed.

  In the present embodiment, the auxiliary card is used in the imaging process to capture the portion including the amorphous sealing material. However, a clear image of the portion including the amorphous sealing material is captured, and the image of the amorphous sealing material is captured from this image. Can be extracted accurately without using an auxiliary card.

2: outer wall material, 3: irregular sealing material, 5: auxiliary card, 53: evaluation window, 20: imaging device, 30: processing device

Claims (4)

A method for diagnosing an irregular shaped sealing material for diagnosing a deterioration state of an irregular shaped sealing material filled between outer wall materials of a building,
An imaging step of imaging the surface of the outer wall material on both sides of the amorphous sealing material and the surface of the irregular sealing material;
An extraction step of extracting an image corresponding to the surface of the irregular sealing material from the image captured in the imaging step;
A binarization process step of binarizing the image of the irregular sealing material extracted in the extraction step so that cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material can be identified from the image of the irregular sealing material;
From the image of the irregular shaped sealing material binarized in the binarized treatment step, a characteristic amount calculating step for calculating parameters that are characteristic of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular shaped sealing material as characteristic amounts;
Based on the feature amount calculated in the feature amount calculation step, a diagnosis step of diagnosing the deterioration state of the irregular sealing material;
A method for diagnosing an amorphous sealing material, comprising at least   The feature amount is an area ratio of cracks and wrinkles of the irregular sealing material, a maximum width, or a number thereof, with respect to the entire image of the irregular sealing material subjected to the binarization process. The diagnostic method of the irregular-shaped sealing material of 1.   3. The method for diagnosing an irregular shaped sealing material according to claim 1, wherein, in the diagnosing step, a remaining life of the irregular shaped sealing material is predicted based on the feature amount.   In the imaging step, using an auxiliary card in which a rectangular evaluation window is formed, the auxiliary card is arranged at a position where the surface of the outer wall material and the irregular sealing material can be seen from the evaluation window, and the evaluation window The method for diagnosing an indeterminate sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the portion of the auxiliary card that is included is imaged.