JP2017140335A - Touch-screen cognitive functioning test equipment and test system - Google Patents
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本発明は、高齢者の軽度認知障害及び認知症の検出を目的とした認知機能検査装置及びそれを用いた検査システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a cognitive function testing apparatus for the purpose of detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly people, and a testing system using the same.
軽度認知障害あるいは認知症を正常コントロール群と弁別するには、認知症で低下する認知機能の程度を包括的に評価する必要がある。 To discriminate mild cognitive impairment or dementia from the normal control group, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the degree of cognitive function that declines in dementia.
特許文献１は、軽度認知障害の有無の診断システムを提案している。
同公報に開示する診断システムは、被検査者の年齢データを取得しているものの、具体的には論理的な即時記憶能力、視空間認知能力、単語の即時記憶能力、見当識と記憶力と計算力と言語能力と図形的能力とを含む認知機能、注意機能、遂行機能、情報処理能力、抑制機能、単語の遅延再生能力、論理的な遅延再認能力の数多くの検査項目と複雑な検査内容であるために長い検査時間が必要であるとともに、被検査者に与えるストレスが大きく誤診断の原因となる恐れがある。
Patent Document 1 proposes a diagnosis system for the presence or absence of mild cognitive impairment.
Although the diagnostic system disclosed in the publication acquires age data of the examinee, specifically, the logical immediate memory ability, visuospatial cognitive ability, immediate word memory ability, orientation and memory ability and calculation With many inspection items and complex inspection contents of cognitive function, attention function, performance function, information processing ability, suppression function, delayed word reproduction ability, logical delay recognition ability including ability, language ability and graphic ability For this reason, a long inspection time is required, and the stress applied to the subject is large, which may cause a misdiagnosis.
特許文献２は、被検査者へのストレスを軽減する目的でタッチパネル式のディスプレイを用いた痴呆症診断装置を開示する。
しかし、同公報に開示する痴呆症診断プログラムは必ずしも低下する認知機能の程度を包括的に評価できるものではない。
Patent Document 2 discloses a dementia diagnosing apparatus using a touch panel display for the purpose of reducing stress on a subject.
However, the dementia diagnosing program disclosed in the publication cannot necessarily comprehensively evaluate the degree of cognitive function that decreases.
本発明は、被検査者へのストレス負荷が小さく軽度認知障害及び認知症の検出が短時間で精度高く行うことができるタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置及びその検査システムの提供を目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a touch panel type cognitive function test apparatus and a test system thereof that can detect a mild cognitive impairment and dementia with high accuracy in a short time with a low stress load on the subject.
本発明に係るタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置は、理解、注意、見当識、記憶及び視空間認知の各認知領域にそれぞれ少なくとも１つ以上が含まれる複数の設問と当該設問に対応した解答のための選択肢を順次、タッチパネル上に表示する検査項目表示手段と、前記順次表示された検査項目毎に被検査者がいずれかの選択肢をタッチすると、当該タッチしたことを被検査者に知らせるためのタッチ表示手段とを備えたことを特徴とする。
ここで、前記理解の認知機能は了解と買い物の検査であり、前記注意の認知機能は数字順序と数字ひろいの検査であり、前記見当識の認知機能は日付の検査であり、前記記憶の認知機能は、かな文字、数字、画像及び図形の検査であり、前記視空間認知機能は方向感覚の検査であるのが好ましい。
The touch panel type cognitive function testing device according to the present invention is for a plurality of questions each including at least one in each of the recognition areas of understanding, attention, orientation, memory and visuospatial recognition, and an answer corresponding to the question. Inspection item display means for sequentially displaying the options on the touch panel, and touch display for notifying the subject of the touch when the examinee touches any of the options for each of the sequentially displayed inspection items. Means.
Here, the cognitive function of understanding is a test of understanding and shopping, the cognitive function of attention is a test of numerical order and number, the cognitive function of orientation is a test of date, and the recognition of the memory It is preferable that the function is an inspection of kana characters, numbers, images, and figures, and the visual space cognitive function is an inspection of direction sense.
本発明において、タッチパネル上に検査項目を表示する際に音声をもって質問することを同時に行う。
また、タッチパネル上に表示される選択肢とは複数の中からタッチして選ぶ場合のみならず、タッチパネル上を動く標的等をタッチする場合も含まれる。
本発明において、タッチしたことを被検査者に知らせるためのタッチ表示手段とは、被検査者が動く標的及び選択肢をタッチした場合に、標的に対する被検査者の適切な反応に対しては音で知らせる手段、選択肢に対しては選択肢のマスの色や形状等が変化する手段等をとることをいう。
あるいは複数の選択肢から１つを選んでタッチするとした場合は、前記と同様にその選択肢に対しては選択肢のマスの色が変化する手段、或は消失する手段をとり、被検査者のタッチに対してフィードバック信号を表示すること等をいう。
設問によっては、被検査者のタッチミスに対して警告音で知らせる手段を有し、前記と同様に被検査者のタッチに対してフィードバック信号を表示することをいう。
これにより、被検査者が音声及び言語表記で質問された内容に応じてタッチパネルに触れるだけで順次、検査項目が進行するのでパソコン操作が不慣れな高齢者にもやさしく、ストレスの軽減ができるとともに検査時間の短縮につながる。
In the present invention, when displaying the inspection items on the touch panel, a question is made simultaneously with a voice.
Moreover, the option displayed on the touch panel includes not only a case of selecting from a plurality of touches but also a case of touching a target moving on the touch panel.
In the present invention, the touch display means for notifying the subject that the user has touched is a sound for an appropriate reaction of the subject to the target when the subject touches the moving target and options. For notification means and options, this means taking measures such as changing the color or shape of the option cell.
Alternatively, when one of a plurality of options is selected and touched, a means for changing the color of the option cell or a means for disappearing is selected for the option in the same manner as described above. For example, displaying a feedback signal.
Depending on the question, there is a means for notifying a touch error of the examinee with a warning sound, and displaying a feedback signal for the touch of the examinee in the same manner as described above.
This makes it easier for elderly people who are unfamiliar with computer operation because the test items progress in sequence by simply touching the touch panel according to the content of the questioned person by voice and language. It leads to shortening of time.
本発明に係る認知機能検査システムは、請求項１又は２記載のタッチパネル式認知検査装置を用いた認知機能検査システムであって、前記検査項目毎の素点の合計を取得する検査手段と、軽度認知障害及び認知症を検出するためのカットオフ値との照合手段とを備え、前記カットオフ値は被検査者の年齢又は／及び検査目的に応じて設定するためのカットオフ値設定手段を有することを特徴とする。 A cognitive function test system according to the present invention is a cognitive function test system using the touch panel type cognitive test device according to claim 1 or 2, and a test means for acquiring a total of raw points for each test item, Collation means with a cutoff value for detecting cognitive impairment and dementia, the cutoff value has a cutoff value setting means for setting according to the age of the examinee and / or the purpose of the examination It is characterized by that.
ここでカットオフ値は、検査項目毎の素点の合計からなる検査値の正常なコントロールから軽度認知障害者あるいは認知症を判別するための基準値をいう。
正常なコントロール群の検査値分布と軽度認知障害及び認知症の検査値分布には重なり部分が存在する。
具体的には、カットオフ値を高く設定すると感度は高くなるが特異度が下がるため、正常な人を誤って軽度認知障害及び認知症者と判断してしまう恐れが高くなる。
一方、カットオフ値を低めに設定すると、逆に軽度認知障害及び認知症者を正常な人と誤って判断してしまう恐れがある。
このようなカットオフ値は年齢によっても異なることが後述するように明らかになった。
そこで本発明は被検査者の年齢によって、カットオフ値を設定することが有用であること及び判別の目的によって、例えば疑わしき軽度認知障害及び認知症者をできるだけ一次スクリーニングしたい場合、逆にできるだけ確率を高くして軽度認知障害及び認知症を判別したい場合等、診察時の目的に応じたカットオフ値を採用できる。
また、タッチパネルを制御するパソコン等に、検査所要/反応時間、タッチミス数の項目等のデータを容易に取り込むことが出来る。
Here, the cut-off value refers to a reference value for discriminating a mild cognitive impairment person or dementia from a normal control of a test value consisting of a total of raw points for each test item.
There is an overlap between the test value distribution of the normal control group and the test value distribution of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
Specifically, when the cut-off value is set high, the sensitivity is increased but the specificity is lowered. Therefore, there is a high possibility that a normal person is mistakenly determined as a person with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
On the other hand, if the cut-off value is set low, there is a risk that a person with mild cognitive impairment and dementia will be erroneously determined as a normal person.
It became clear that such a cutoff value also changes with age so that it may mention later.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is useful to set a cut-off value depending on the age of the examinee, and for the purpose of discrimination, for example, when primary suspected mild cognitive impairment and persons with dementia are to be screened as much as possible. A cut-off value according to the purpose at the time of medical examination can be adopted, for example, when it is desired to increase it to distinguish mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
In addition, data such as inspection required / reaction time, number of touch mistakes, etc. can be easily imported into a personal computer or the like that controls the touch panel.
本発明に係るタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置及び認知機能検査システムは、被検査者が音声又は／及び言語表記による質問に従ってタッチパネルを触れるだけで順次検査が進行し、短時間で包括的に認知機能の低下の程度を検査できる。
また、被検査者の年齢や判別の目的に応じてカットオフ値を設定できる。
The touch panel-type cognitive function testing device and the cognitive function testing system according to the present invention are such that the test progresses sequentially by simply touching the touch panel according to a question by voice or / and language notation, and the cognitive function of the cognitive function is comprehensive in a short time. The degree of decline can be inspected.
In addition, a cutoff value can be set according to the age of the examinee and the purpose of discrimination.
本発明に係るタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置における検査項目の例を図１，２に示す。
タッチパネル式のディスプレイがパソコンに接続されており、パソコンを立ち上げると画面表示と音声ガイダンスにより順次、質問が出され、被検査者がそれに答えることになる。
第１の検査項目は図１（１）に示すように「理解」の認知領域に属し、了解の検査を行うのが目的である。
タッチパネル上に丸いターゲットが表示される。本検査を実施するのに必要な被検査者の運動、認識、判断、遂行、及び言語力を含めた全般的な理解を査定する。
第２の検査項目を図１（２）に示す。
「注意」の認知領域に属し、数字順序の検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者が正しい順に数字を選択すると、選択した数字が消えるようになっている。
第３の検査項目を図１（３）に示す。
「見当識」の認知領域に属し、日付の認識に関する検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者が触れた日付 [「元号（日本）」、「年」、「月」、「日」、「曜日」] のマスの色が変わる。
第４の検査項目を図１（４）に示す。
「記憶」の認知領域に属し、仮名文字を覚える検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者が先に覚えた仮名文字に触れると文字表示のマスの色が変わる。
第５の検査項目を図１（５）に示す。
「記憶」の認知領域に属し、数字を覚える検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者は、先に覚えた数字を表示順に触れると、その数字が消えるとともに画面上の回答欄に表示される。
第６の検査項目を図１（６）に示す。
「記憶」の認知領域に属し、画像を覚える検査を行うのが目的である。
第７の検査項目を図２（７）に示す。
「記憶」の認知領域に属し、色と形の組み合わせが異なる１種の図形と３種の図形を覚える検査である。
被検査者が触れたマークの色が変わる。
第８の検査項目を図２（８）に示す。
「理解」の認知領域に属し、買い物の検査を行うのが目的である。
第９の検査項目を図２（９）に示す。
「視空間認知」の認知機能に属し、方向感覚の検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者が触れると、そのマスの色が変わる。
第１０の検査項目を図２（１０）に示す。
「注意」の認知領域に属し、数字ひろいの検査を行うのが目的である。
被検査者が触れると、その数字のマスの色が変わる。
Examples of inspection items in the touch panel type cognitive function inspection device according to the present invention are shown in FIGS.
A touch-panel display is connected to the personal computer, and when the personal computer is started up, questions are asked sequentially by screen display and voice guidance, and the examinee answers.
The first inspection item belongs to the recognition area of “understanding” as shown in FIG. 1 (1), and the purpose is to perform an inspection of consent.
A round target is displayed on the touch panel. Assess the subject's overall understanding, including exercise, recognition, judgment, performance, and language skills, necessary to perform this test.
The second inspection item is shown in FIG.
It belongs to the recognition area of “attention” and the purpose is to check the numerical order.
When the examinee selects numbers in the correct order, the selected numbers disappear.
The third inspection item is shown in FIG.
It belongs to the cognitive area of “registration” and the purpose is to conduct a test related to date recognition.
The color of the squares of the date ["Yen (Japan)", "Year", "Month", "Day", "Day of the week") touched by the examinee changes.
The fourth inspection item is shown in FIG.
The purpose is to perform a test that belongs to the recognition area of “memory” and remembers kana characters.
When the examinee touches a kana character previously learned, the color of the character display cell changes.
The fifth inspection item is shown in FIG.
The purpose is to conduct a test that belongs to the cognitive area of "memory" and remembers numbers.
When the examinee touches the previously learned numbers in the display order, the numbers disappear and are displayed in the answer column on the screen.
The sixth inspection item is shown in FIG.
The purpose is to perform a test that belongs to the recognition area of “memory” and remembers an image.
The seventh inspection item is shown in FIG.
This is an examination to learn one type and three types of graphics that belong to the recognition area of “memory” and have different color and shape combinations.
The color of the mark touched by the subject changes.
The eighth inspection item is shown in FIG.
It belongs to the cognitive area of “understanding” and the purpose is to inspect shopping.
The ninth inspection item is shown in FIG.
It belongs to the cognitive function of “visual space cognition”, and the purpose is to examine the sense of direction.
When the examinee touches, the color of the square changes.
The tenth inspection item is shown in FIG.
It belongs to the cognitive area of “attention”, and the purpose is to perform a number inspection.
When the examinee touches, the color of the square of the number changes.
素点の合計は３３点である。
被検査者が回答するまでの時間、正答の有無、見逃しエラーの数、お手つきエラーの数のデータがパソコンに取り込まれる。
上記の検査方法にて全検査所要時間は約８分間であった。
The total number of raw points is 33 points.
Data on the time until the examinee answers, the presence / absence of a correct answer, the number of missed errors, and the number of errors on the handle are taken into the personal computer.
In the above inspection method, the total inspection time was about 8 minutes.
図３に正常コントロール１６１名、軽度認知障害と診断された者６８名、認知症と診断された者１４５名のうち、上記検査の素点合計について６０〜６９歳の群と７０〜７９歳の群で層別に示す。
図４に正常コントロールに対する軽度認知障害、認知症の検出カットオフ値とその感度、特異度を示す。
なお、被検査者を６０〜６９歳の群と７０〜７９歳の群で層別に解析した。
これらのことから軽度認知障害、認知症の弁別検査には年齢を考慮するのが有効であり、６０〜６９歳ではカットオフ値「３１点」、７０〜７９歳ではカットオフ値「３０点」が妥当と言える。
また、図４の表から軽度認知障害、認知症の恐れがあるか否かを１次スクリーニングとして広く検出するにはカットオフ値を高く設定することができ、正常な人が軽度認知障害、及び認知症と誤判定される割合を抑えるにはカットオフ値を低く設定することができる。
参考として図５に本発明に係る検査値と汎用性が高く、認知機能の簡易評価として広く利用されているＭＭＳＥとの相関図を示す。
これにより本発明に係る検査システムは、判別精度が高いことが分かる。
FIG. 3 shows that among normal control 161 people, 68 people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, and 145 people diagnosed with dementia, the 60-69 year old group and 70-79 year old group for the total score of the above test Grouped by group.
FIG. 4 shows detection cut-off values, sensitivity, and specificity of mild cognitive impairment and dementia relative to normal controls.
In addition, the subject was analyzed according to the layer in the group of 60-69 years old and the group of 70-79 years old.
For these reasons, it is effective to consider age for discrimination tests for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The cut-off value is “31 points” for 60-69 years old, and the cut-off value is “30 points” for 70-79 years old. Is reasonable.
In addition, the cut-off value can be set high to detect whether or not there is a risk of mild cognitive impairment or dementia from the table in FIG. The cut-off value can be set low in order to suppress the rate of misjudgment as dementia.
For reference, FIG. 5 shows a correlation diagram between a test value according to the present invention and MMSE which is highly versatile and widely used as a simple evaluation of cognitive function.
Thus, it can be seen that the inspection system according to the present invention has high discrimination accuracy.
Claims (3)
前記順次表示された検査項目毎に被検査者がいずれかの選択肢をタッチすると、当該タッチしたことを被検査者に知らせるためのタッチ表示手段とを備えたことを特徴とするタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置。 Test item display that sequentially displays on the touch panel a plurality of questions each of which includes at least one or more in each recognition area of understanding, attention, orientation, memory and visuospatial recognition, and options for answering that question. Means,
A touch-sensitive cognitive function test comprising touch display means for notifying an examinee when the examinee touches one of the options for each of the sequentially displayed examination items. apparatus.
前記注意の認知機能は数字順序と数字ひろいの検査であり、
前記見当識の認知機能は日付の検査であり、
前記記憶の認知機能は、かな文字、数字、画像及び図形の検査であり、
前記視空間認知機能は方向感覚の検査であることを特徴とする請求項１記載のタッチパネル式認知機能検査装置。 The cognitive function of the understanding is the understanding and shopping inspection,
The cognitive function of the attention is the examination of the numerical order and the numerical spread,
The cognitive function of the orientation is a date test,
The cognitive function of the memory is the examination of kana characters, numbers, images and figures,
2. The touch panel type cognitive function testing device according to claim 1, wherein the visual space cognitive function is a direction sense test.
前記検査項目毎の素点の合計を取得する検査手段と、軽度認知障害及び認知症を検出するためのカットオフ値との照合手段とを備え、
前記カットオフ値は被検査者の年齢又は／及び検査目的に応じて設定するためのカットオフ値設定手段を有することを特徴とする認知機能検査システム。 A cognitive function test system using the touch panel type cognitive test device according to claim 1,
A test means for obtaining a total of raw points for each of the test items, and a collation means with a cut-off value for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia,
A cognitive function test system comprising a cut-off value setting means for setting the cut-off value according to the age or / and test purpose of the subject.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| JP2020071738A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 日本テクトシステムズ株式会社 | Test control system, method, and program of cognitive function test |
| JP7437825B1 (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2024-02-26 | カイアイ カンパニー インク． | Dementia early examination system using screen interaction |
| CN116919348A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-24 | 河北医科大学第二医院 | Detection system for detecting effect of oxiracetam drug on treatment of cognitive dysfunction |
| CN116919348B (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2024-04-16 | 河北医科大学第二医院 | Detection system for detecting effect of oxiracetam drug on treatment of cognitive dysfunction |
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