JP2016103965A - Power management method, power management system and power supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power management method, a power management system and power supply device that can utilize surplus power more flexibly.SOLUTION: A power management method includes the steps of: inputting a surplus power value representing the amount of surplus power from a meter for measuring surplus power which is power to be supplied from a power generation device to a power system (S12); inputting, in association with first user identification information, an inquiry of power supply using surplus power from a first communication terminal which is used by a user of the first user identification information at a first time period of a predetermined time unit (S11); and issuing first power identification information validating power supply of a power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first time period according to the inquiry, in association with the accumulation value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time period, transmitting the first power identification information and the accumulation value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time period to a first communication terminal, and, in the power supply device to which a first power supply request for requesting to receive power supply at a first load device is input in association with the first power identification information, supplying first supply power which is not more than the amount of the surplus power to a first load device as power which is not a charging target (S13).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a power management method, a power management system, and a power supply apparatus.

  Conventionally, electric power generated by solar power generation is consumed by load equipment or used in reverse power flow to an electric power system.

  In addition, an apparatus is disclosed in which power is supplied from a vehicle to a power facility outside the vehicle by a storage battery mounted on the vehicle, and then power is supplied from the power facility to the vehicle by the amount of the supplied power (Patent Document). 1).

JP 2013-102673 A

  However, in the conventional power management system, the surplus power is used only for selling power, and there is a problem that the user cannot flexibly utilize the surplus power.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a power management method that can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

  A power management method according to an aspect of the present invention is capable of supplying power to a power generation device corresponding to first user identification information, a first load device used by a user of the first user identification information, and the first load device. A power management method in a power management system including a power supply device installed at a location different from the power generation device, wherein surplus power that is power supplied from the power generation device to a power system is measured among power generated by the power generation device A surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power is input from a meter to perform power supply using the surplus power from a first communication terminal used by a user of the first user identification information in a first time unit in a predetermined time unit. An inquiry is input in association with the first user identification information, and in response to the inquiry, the power supply by the power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit is enabled. Force identification information is issued to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, and the first communication is performed using the first power identification information and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit. In the power supply device that is transmitted to the terminal and inputs the first power supply request indicating that the first load device wants to receive power supply in association with the first power identification information, the first power supply less than the amount of the surplus power is The first load device is supplied as power that is not charged.

  Note that these comprehensive or specific aspects may be realized by a system, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM, and the system, method, integrated circuit, and computer program. And any combination of recording media.

  The power management method of the present invention can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

FIG. 1 is an overview diagram of the configuration of the power management system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power management system in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing in detail a portion including the user's home in the power management system of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating detailed functional blocks of the power management apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a surplus power table in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a power ID management table according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a surplus power use information table in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a power information management table according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a power supply device usage information table according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of surplus power in the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a surplus power inquiry and response method according to the first embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing overall processing in the power management system of the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram illustrating exchange of information from the power supply availability inquiry process to the power supply report process in the power management system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing a modification of information exchange from the power supply availability inquiry process to the power supply report process in the power management system of the first embodiment. FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram illustrating exchange of information during the charging process in the power management system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing processing of the power management apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 17 is a first flowchart illustrating a surplus power specifying process performed by the surplus power amount specifying unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 18 is a second flowchart illustrating the surplus power specifying process performed by the power management apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating power ID inquiry processing by the power management apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating a process for updating surplus power usage by the power management apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an electricity bill calculation process in the settlement process of the first embodiment. FIG. 22 is an overview diagram of the configuration of the power management system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the power management system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 24 is a first sequence diagram illustrating information exchange in the power management system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 25 is a first sequence diagram illustrating exchange of information in the power management system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 26 is a second sequence diagram illustrating information exchange in the power management system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 27 is a third sequence diagram illustrating information exchange in the power management system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 28 is a block diagram illustrating an example of another configuration of the power management system in each embodiment. FIG. 29 is a flowchart of a power management method in the power management system in each embodiment.

(Knowledge that became the basis of the present invention)
The present inventor has found that the following problems occur regarding the exchange of electric power described in the “Background Art” section.

  With the liberalization of electric power, consumers can freely select retailers. In addition, with the elimination of regulations on power charges, retailers need to propose attractive contract forms or charge plans that are convenient for consumers.

  As a form of the contract, a contract for each individual is assumed in addition to the conventional contract for each power supply point (for each household and each building). In addition, when power is supplied to a consumer device (such as a mobile device or an EV (Electric Vehicle)) at a place other than the consumer's home (for example, a public charging spot), the power It is assumed that a contract that pays the charges in a lump sum with the charges of the electric power consumed at the home of the consumer.

  On the other hand, electric power generated by renewable energy on the consumer side such as solar power generation is purchased by electric power companies at a premium price as a strategic measure for diffusion. However, the purchase price is decreasing as the penetration rate of solar power generation facilities increases. In the future, the purchase price is expected to drop to a price equivalent to or lower than the price of power from the grid power.

  In such a situation, the surplus power generated by photovoltaic power generation at home is not sold to the power company, but is used by the customer himself / herself on the go or provided to others such as friends and relatives (or gifts) , Presents) or other needs may arise.

  However, in the conventional power management system, the surplus power is used only for selling power, and there is a problem that the user cannot flexibly utilize the surplus power.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a power management system that can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

  In order to solve such a problem, a power management method according to an aspect of the present invention includes a power generation device corresponding to first user identification information, a first load device used by a user of the first user identification information, and A power management method in a power management system that includes a power feeding device that can feed power to the first load device and is installed at a location different from the power generating device, wherein the power generating device is a power system out of the power generated by the power generating device. A first communication used by a user of the first user identification information in a first time limit in a predetermined time unit, by inputting a surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power from a meter that measures surplus power that is power to be supplied to A power supply inquiry using the surplus power is input from a terminal in association with the first user identification information, and the power supply using the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is input in response to the inquiry. First power identification information for validating power supply by the device is issued for the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit, and the first power identification information and the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit The surplus power is transmitted to the first communication terminal, and the surplus power is input to the first load device in association with the first power identification information. The first load power is supplied to the first load device as power that is not charged.

  According to the above aspect, the power management system supplies surplus power generated at the user's (customer's) home to the power system (reverse power flow), while supplying power from the power system at a location different from the user's home. . Therefore, as a surplus power use for the user, there is a use in which the user himself / herself is supplied with power for surplus power in another place in addition to the use of selling power. Therefore, the power management system can utilize surplus power more flexibly. In other words, since the user consumes surplus power even in a place different from the home, the power management system can more appropriately balance the demand power and the supply power within the first time limit.

  For example, the first power supply request is input from the first communication terminal to the power supply apparatus.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the power supply apparatus receives a first power supply request from the first communication terminal. Therefore, the power management system can receive the first power supply request more reliably using the first communication terminal.

  For example, when the surplus power value is periodically input from the meter and the query is input, the surplus power value corresponding to the input time from the start of the first period including the input time when the query is input is accumulated. Then, a cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is generated.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the surplus power value periodically transmitted by the meter can be received, and the accumulated value of the surplus power can be specifically calculated using the received surplus power value.

  For example, when the inquiry is input, the meter is requested to output the surplus power value corresponding to the first time limit including the input time when the inquiry is input, and the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is transmitted from the meter. When a value is input, the surplus power value corresponding to the first time limit is accumulated, and a cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is generated.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the surplus power value transmitted from the meter in response to the inquiry can be received, and the accumulated value of the surplus power can be specifically calculated using the received surplus power value.

  For example, the first power supply request includes a value indicating the amount of power desired to be supplied by the first load device.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the power management apparatus receives a power supply request including the amount of power to be supplied, and therefore determines whether or not power supply corresponding to the amount of power included in the power supply request is possible. Can do.

  For example, when the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value, the first power identification information is associated with the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit. Do not issue control.

  According to the above aspect, the power management apparatus controls the issuance of the power ID so that the power supply apparatus does not supply power when the power that can be supplied by the power supply apparatus is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value.

  For example, when the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum value, the first power identification information and the accumulated value are not transmitted to the first communication terminal in response to the inquiry I do.

  According to the above aspect, the power management apparatus can prevent power feeding by the power feeding apparatus when the power that can be fed by the power feeding apparatus is equal to or less than the predetermined minimum value by controlling transmission of the power ID.

  For example, when the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value, the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is equal to or less than the predetermined minimum value in response to the inquiry. To notify that the first communication terminal is notified.

  According to the above aspect, the power management apparatus can notify the user that the power that can be supplied by the power supply apparatus is not more than the predetermined minimum value by notifying the first communication terminal.

  For example, an inquiry request including a value indicating the amount of electric power desired to be fed in the first load device is input from the feeding device, and the value included in the inquiry request is a cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit. Is exceeded, an instruction for prohibiting the supply of power to the first load device is output to the power supply device.

  According to the above aspect, the power management apparatus can specifically prohibit the power supply using the instruction for prohibiting the power supply of the amount of power larger than the surplus power.

  For example, an inquiry request including a value indicating the amount of electric power desired to be fed in the first load device is input from the feeding device, and the value included in the inquiry request is an accumulation of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit. When the value exceeds the value, the first power supply corresponding to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is supplied from the power supply apparatus to the first load apparatus as power that is not charged. .

  According to the above aspect, the power management apparatus can perform power supply equal to or less than the amount of surplus power in response to a request for power supply that is greater than the surplus power.

  For example, when the first time limit elapses, the power supply by the power supply apparatus using the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, and management of invalidating the power supply based on the first power identification information is performed.

  According to the above aspect, the power management system can perform power supply based on the first identification information within the first temporary limit. Therefore, the power management system can utilize surplus power more flexibly without greatly disrupting the power supply-demand balance in the power transmission and distribution network.

  For example, the power management system further includes a second load device disposed in the same building as the power generation device, unlike the first load device, and the second load device uses power generated by the power generation device. The power obtained by subtracting the power is set as the surplus power.

  According to the above aspect, the power management device can specifically calculate surplus power using the power generated by the power generation device and the power consumption by the second load device.

  For example, when the power feeding device has not acquired the first power identification information, the second power feeding power to be charged is supplied from the power feeding device to the first load device.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the power supply apparatus selects whether to supply power to be charged or to supply power not to be charged based on the presence or absence of the first power identification information, Electric power can be supplied. Since the power management system manages that the power supplied by the power supply apparatus is covered by surplus power, it does not charge the user for the power supplied by the power supply apparatus. Therefore, the user can utilize surplus power more flexibly without newly incurring a financial burden.

  For example, the power supply apparatus includes a reception unit that receives a payment process for a charge of the supplied power, and the power management method receives the payment process by the reception unit when the second power supply power is supplied. When one power supply is supplied, the reception unit performs control not to accept the payment process.

  According to the above aspect, the power management system controls whether to accept the payment process according to whether the supplied power is to be charged. The power management system can appropriately perform the charging process for the supplied power.

  For example, the power management method further executes a calculation process for calculating a value corresponding to the amount of surplus power, and the first supply power is supplied from the power supply apparatus to the first load apparatus in the calculation process. If so, a process is performed to calculate a consideration corresponding to the amount of power obtained by subtracting the amount of power supplied from the first power supply from the accumulated value of the surplus power.

  According to the said aspect, a power management system provides a user the part which deducted the part of the electric power supplied with the electric power feeder from the consideration with respect to surplus electric power. Therefore, the user can utilize surplus power more flexibly without newly incurring a financial burden.

  For example, the first power identification information and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first limit are used by the user of the second user identification information different from the first user identification information from the first communication terminal. A third load that is transmitted to the second communication terminal and is used by the user of the second user identification information from the second communication terminal to the power feeding device, and is different from the first load device. When a second power supply request indicating that the device wants to receive power is transmitted, the first power supply power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power is supplied to the third load device as power that is not subject to charging in the power supply device. Is done.

  According to the above aspect, the power management system supplies the surplus power generated at the home of the first user (the user of the first user identification information) to the power system (reverse power flow), but does not have the power generation device. A user (a user of the second user identification information) can be supplied with power from the power system. Therefore, the user who does not own the power generation device can also use surplus power.

  For example, in response to the inquiry, the first power identification information and the temporary second power identification information different from the first power identification information are the cumulative values of the surplus power corresponding to the first limit. And the first power identification information, the second power identification information, and the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first limit are transmitted to the first communication terminal, and the second power identification The information and the accumulated value of the surplus power are transmitted from the first communication terminal to a second communication terminal used by a user having second user identification information different from the first user identification information, and from the second communication terminal. A second power supply request indicating that the user of the second user identification information uses the second load device different from the first load device and wants to receive power is transmitted to the power supply device. Less than surplus power First feeding power, when it is supplied to the second load device as a power that do not chargeable, to prohibit said first feeding power is supplied to the first load device.

  According to the above aspect, in the power management system, the second user is allowed to supply power to the load device using the second identification information, while the first user is prohibited from supplying power to the load device. That is, the power management system can appropriately transfer or transfer the identification information from the first user to the second user.

  For example, the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is changed from the input time to the surplus power value corresponding to the input time from the start of the first time limit including the input time when the inquiry is input. It includes a value obtained by adding the predicted cumulative value of surplus power until the end of the first period.

  According to the above aspect, the power management system can supply the load device with power corresponding to the sum of surplus power actually generated within the time period and surplus power estimated to be generated within the time period. As a result, an increase in power procurement costs at retailers is avoided.

  In addition, a power management system according to an aspect of the present invention provides a power generation device corresponding to first user identification information, a first load device used by a user of the first user identification information, and power supply to the first load device. A power management system including a power feeding device that is possible and installed at a location different from the power generation device, wherein the power management system is power supplied to the power system by the power generation device among power generated by the power generation device. A surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power is input from a meter that measures surplus power, and the surplus power is obtained from a first communication terminal used by a user of the first user identification information in a first time unit in a predetermined time unit. The power supply inquiry used is input in association with the first user identification information, and in response to the inquiry, power supply by the power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is performed. First power identification information to be effective is issued to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, and the first power identification information and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, To the first communication terminal, and the power supply device inputs a first power supply request indicating that the first load device wants to receive power from the first communication terminal in association with the first power identification information, First supply power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power is supplied to the first load device as power not to be charged.

  According to the said aspect, there exists an effect similar to the said power management method.

  A power supply device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a power supply device connected to the power management system described above.

  According to the said aspect, there exists an effect similar to the said power management method.

  Note that these comprehensive or specific aspects may be realized by a system, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM, and the system, method, integrated circuit, and computer program. Alternatively, it may be realized by any combination of recording media.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  It should be noted that each of the embodiments described below shows a comprehensive or specific example. The numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connecting forms of the constituent elements, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims indicating the highest concept are described as optional constituent elements.

(Embodiment 1)
In the present embodiment, a power management system capable of more flexibly utilizing surplus power by consuming surplus power generated at the user's home at a location different from the user's home will be described.

  First, a situation in which power is managed by the power management system in the present embodiment will be described using an example, but power management by the power management system in the present embodiment is not limited to this example.

  The user wants to charge the EV while getting on the EV, moving to the supermarket, and shopping. A power supply device for EV charging is installed in a supermarket parking lot, and a user charges the EV using the power supply device. A power generation device is installed at the user's home, and power is generated. When the user is charging the EV, surplus power is generated because the amount of power consumed by the load device at the user's home is less than the amount of power generated. Here, the power management system manages so that the power charged from the power supply apparatus to the EV is covered by surplus power generated at the user's home. The power management system that manages power in this way will be specifically described below.

  FIG. 1 is an overview diagram of a configuration of a power management system 1 in the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power management system 1 in the present embodiment. In FIG. 1 etc., the continuous line has shown the flow of electric power, and the broken line has shown the flow of information or control. The power management system 1 will be described with reference to these drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the power management system 1 in the present embodiment is configured to include a power supply device 10, a home 20 of a user U <b> 1, a retailer 40, and a power transmission and distribution network 50. The

  The power feeding device 10 is a power feeding device that is connected to the power transmission / distribution network 50 and supplies power supplied from the power transmission / distribution network 50 to the load device 32. The power supply apparatus 10 has a power ID of surplus power, and sends power (also referred to as “first power”) equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the held power ID from the transmission / distribution network 50 to the load device. 32.

  The power supply apparatus 10 includes an input IF 11 (input interface) and a power supply unit 12.

  The input IF 11 is a user interface that receives user operations or information. The input IF 11 may be a proximity wireless communication port that transmits / receives information to / from the communication terminal 31 by proximity wireless communication or the like, or may be a key or a button that receives an operation from the user when pressed. .

  The power feeding unit 12 is a power output unit that supplies power supplied from the power transmission and distribution network 50 to a load device. The power supply unit 12 supplies power to the load device 32 connected to the power supply unit 12 based on control by the power management device 41. Specifically, power corresponding to the amount of power specified by the power management device 41 is supplied to the load device 32.

  Note that the power feeding unit 12 supplies the load device 32 with power (also referred to as “second power”) separately designated by the user U1 or the like even when there is no designation from the power management device 41. However, the charging process by the power management apparatus 41 when the power supply unit 12 supplies the second power is different from the charging process when the first power is supplied.

  The control unit 13 is a processing unit that controls the operation of the power supply apparatus 10 based on information obtained from the input IF 11 and the like. The control unit 13 supplies power to the load device 32 in response to a power supply request received from the communication terminal 31 via the input IF 11. Specifically, when the power ID is input by the power supply request, the control unit 13 refers to the power ID included in the power supply request, and sets the power below the amount of surplus power associated with the power ID. The power is supplied from the power supply unit 12 to the load device 32.

  The power ID is not limited to that included in the power supply request, and may be acquired by other methods or generated by the control unit 13. That is, the control unit 13 can also refer to the held power ID and supply power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the power ID from the power supply unit 12 to the load device 32.

  A power generation device 21, a load device 22, and a meter 23 are installed in the home 20 of the user U1.

  The power generation device 21 is a device that generates power and outputs the power generated by the power generation to the outside. The power generation device 21 transmits and distributes the power generated by excluding the power consumed by the load device 22, that is, the surplus power that is the power obtained by subtracting the power consumed by the load device 22 from the generated power. Supply (reverse power flow) to the net 50. The power generation device 21 is realized by, for example, a solar panel or a fuel cell. The power generation device 21 includes equipment (for example, a power conditioner) that converts electric power obtained from a solar panel or a fuel cell so as to be supplied to a load device or the like. The power generation device 21 corresponds to “a power generation device corresponding to the first user identification information”.

  The load device 22 is a device that consumes power, and is, for example, a home appliance or an EV. The load device 22 may be a storage battery. The load device 22 corresponds to a second load device.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the meter 23 is a measuring instrument that is installed on the power line and measures the amount of power passing through the meter 23. The meter 23 measures the amount of surplus power (so-called power sale power amount) from the home 20 of the user U1 toward the power distribution network 50 for each measurement period, and transmits the measured power amount to the power management apparatus 41. Here, the measurement period is a period of a predetermined length of time as a time interval at which the meter 23 measures power. Hereinafter, an example in which the time length of the measurement period is 5 minutes will be described, but the time length of the measurement period is not limited to this, and may be shorter than the time length of one time period (described later), for example, 1 minute or 10 minutes. It is good. When the power management apparatus 41 inquires about the amount of power within a predetermined period of the past or present, the meter 23 transmits the amount of power for a predetermined period in response to the inquiry.

  The user U <b> 1 is a place different from the home 20 and stays in the vicinity of the power supply apparatus 10. The user U1 has a communication terminal 31 and a load device 32.

  The communication terminal 31 communicates with each of the power supply apparatus 10 and the power management apparatus 41 based on an operation by the user U1. Specifically, the communication terminal 31 communicates with the power management apparatus 41 to inquire whether power supply is possible, and acquires a power ID necessary for power supply by the power supply apparatus 10. Further, the power ID is transmitted by performing communication with the power supply apparatus 10, and power is supplied from the power supply apparatus 10 to the load apparatus 32. The communication terminal 31 is, for example, a high-function mobile phone terminal (smart phone), a mobile phone terminal, or a PC (Personal Computer).

  The load device 32 is an electrical device that the user U1 owns or possesses. The load device 32 receives power from the power supply device 10 when the communication terminal 31 transmits a power ID to the power supply device 10. The load device 32 is, for example, a portable terminal or EV, and may be the communication terminal 31. Note that the load device 32 may be an electrical device used by the user U1, and it does not matter whether the user U1 has the ownership of the electrical device. The load device 32 corresponds to a first load device.

  The retailer 40 is a power retailer who obtains the price of the power supplied to the consumer. The retailer 40 concludes a power supply contract with the user U1 using the power management device 41, and the power used by the load device 32 at the home 20 of the user U1 and the load on the power supply device 10 The user U1 is charged an amount corresponding to the power used by the device 22.

  In response to an inquiry about whether or not power can be supplied from the communication terminal 31, the power management apparatus 41 acquires the amount of power for a predetermined period from the meter 23 at the home 20 of the user U1, and specifies the surplus power for the predetermined period. Then, a power ID that can uniquely identify the specified surplus power is generated, and the generated power ID is transmitted to the communication terminal 31. Note that the power management apparatus 41 may periodically acquire the amount of power from the meter 23 at the home 20 of the user U1.

  Note that the power ID is not simply a value indicating the power amount, but is information associated with the power itself specified by the place where the power is supplied, the time when the power is supplied, and the power amount. . Specifically, the power ID generated above is information associated with the amount of power supplied from the home 20 of the user U1 within a predetermined period, and may be information specified by the meter 23. . The power ID corresponds to the first identification information. A method for identifying surplus power will be described in detail later.

  The power management apparatus 41 executes a process of charging the user U1 with the charge for the power consumed by the user U1. Specifically, the power management apparatus 41 executes a process of charging the user U1 with the charge for the power consumed at the home 20 of the user U1. In addition, when the power supply apparatus 10 supplies power to the load device of the user, the power management apparatus 41 executes, in principle, a charging process that charges the user for the amount of power supplied. However, when the power management apparatus 41 supplies the power (first power) supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 with the power ID, the power management apparatus 41 exceptionally does not execute the charging process for the supplied power. , Forbidden to perform. Of the power supplied from the power supply apparatus 10 to the load device, the first power can be said to be uncharged power. On the other hand, the portion excluding the first power is also referred to as second power. That is, when the power supply apparatus 41 supplies power (second power) to the user's load apparatus without the power ID possessing the power ID, the power management apparatus 41 charges the user for the amount of power supplied. It can be said that billing processing is executed. It can be said that the second power is power to be charged.

  In addition, the power management apparatus 41 (more specifically, a settlement processing unit 427 described later) executes a process of providing the user U1 with a price corresponding to surplus power that has flowed backward from the home 20 of the user U1. And when the 1st electric power is supplied to the load apparatus 32, the power management apparatus 41 performs the process which provides the consideration equivalent to the electric energy which reduced the quantity of the 1st electric power from the quantity of the surplus electric power.

  The power transmission / distribution network 50 is connected to an electric power system of an electric power company or is a part of the electric power system, and is a network that distributes system power. The power transmission and distribution network 50 supplies power to the home 20 and the power supply apparatus 10 of the user U1.

  The power supply apparatus 10 may further include a reception unit (not shown) that receives payment of the supplied power. When the power supply apparatus 10 supplies power to the load device of the user and does not perform billing processing by the power management apparatus 41, the reception unit receives payment of the amount of supplied power from the user. However, when the power supply apparatus 10 supplies the first power, the reception unit exceptionally prohibits the user from receiving the payment of the supplied power charge from the user, that is, prohibits the reception.

  The reception unit is at least one of an insertion slot into which bills and money can be inserted, a card slot and communication unit that reads information on a card having a payment function, and a communication unit that reads information on the communication terminal 31 having a payment function. Although it is one, it is not restricted to these examples.

  In the power management system 1, the supply / demand balance is adjusted for each time period that is a unit of time for adjusting the supply / demand balance of power, and the power supply apparatus 10 supplies surplus power from the power generation apparatus 21 to the power distribution network 50. The first power may be supplied within the same time period as the time period. In this way, the power management system can supply power to the load device 32 without disrupting the supply and demand balance of power within the time limit. As a result, an increase in power procurement cost is avoided.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing in detail a portion including the user's home 20 in the power management system 1 of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the home 20 of the user U1 is connected to the power transmission and distribution network 50, and other houses 20A and 20B are connected. The homes 20A and 20B may be homes having functions equivalent to the home 20 of the user U1, or may be conventional homes that do not include power generation facilities.

  As described above, the power generation device 21, the load device 22, and the meter 23 are installed in the home 20 of the user U1. A distribution board 24 and a meter 25 may be further installed in the home 20 of the user U1.

  The distribution board 24 is connected to the power transmission / distribution network 50, the power generation device 21, and the load device 22. When the power generated by the power generation device 21 exceeds the power consumed by the load device 22, power is supplied to the power distribution network 50. When the power generated by the power generation device 21 is lower than the power consumed by the load device 22, the power is supplied from the transmission / distribution network 50.

  The meter 25 is a measuring instrument that is installed on the power line and measures the amount of power passing through the meter 25. The meter 25 measures the amount of power (so-called purchased power amount) from the power transmission / distribution network 50 toward the home 20 of the user U1 for each measurement period, and transmits the measured amount of power to the power management apparatus 41.

  Next, the power management apparatus 41 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing detailed functional blocks of the power management apparatus 41 in the present embodiment.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4, the power management apparatus 41 includes a power information acquisition unit 421, a surplus power amount specification unit 422, a communication unit 423, a power ID management unit 424, a power supply availability determination unit 425, and surplus power. A usage history management unit 426 and a settlement processing unit 427 are provided.

  The power information acquisition unit 421 is a processing unit that acquires, from the meter 23, the amount of power sold for each time period, that is, the amount of surplus power (also referred to as surplus power). In addition, the power information acquisition unit 421 can also acquire the amount of purchased power for each time period from the meter 25. Then, the power information acquisition unit 421 stores the acquired power sale power amount and power purchase power amount in association with the receipt contract, and stores and manages them in the power information management table. In addition, the power information acquisition unit 421 associates the acquired surplus power amount with the receipt contract, and stores and manages it in the surplus power information table.

  The surplus power amount specifying unit 422 receives a power supply availability inquiry from the communication terminal 31, and also specifies a surplus power amount within the time limit based on the surplus power amount for each measurement period acquired by the power information acquiring unit 421. It is.

  Specifically, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 receives a power supply availability inquiry from the communication terminal 31 via the communication unit 423. Further, when the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 receives a power supply availability inquiry, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 specifies the accumulated value of the surplus power amount for each measurement period acquired by the power information acquiring unit 421 as the surplus power amount within the time limit. Further, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 adds the estimated value of the surplus power amount that has not yet been acquired to the accumulated value of the surplus power amount for each measurement period acquired by the power information acquiring unit 421, so that the time limit is reached. May be specified.

  The communication unit 423 is a communication interface for each functional block of the power management apparatus 41 to communicate with the communication terminal 31.

  The power ID management unit 424 is a processing unit that issues a power ID in association with the accumulated value (surplus power amount) of surplus power specified by the surplus power amount specifying unit 422. Further, the power ID management unit 424 transmits the specified surplus power amount to the communication terminal 31 via the communication unit 423. The power ID management unit 424 associates the surplus power amount with the power ID and stores them in the power ID management table for management. An expiration date can be set for each power ID. As the expiration date, a time limit end time including the time when the power ID is issued is used. The power ID management unit 424 can manage the power ID within the expiration date as valid, and can manage the power ID after the expiration date as invalid. Here, the power ID being valid means that the power ID indicated in the record can be used, and more specifically, the power feeding by the power feeding apparatus 10 using the power ID is possible. To do. Note that the power ID is invalid means that the power ID is not valid, that the power ID indicated in the record is unusable, more specifically, a power supply apparatus using the power ID. This means that power supply by 10 is impossible.

  The power supply availability determination unit 425 is a processing unit that determines whether or not the power supply request received from the power supply apparatus 10 can be supplied with the amount of power indicated in the power supply request.

  The surplus power usage history management unit 426 is a processing unit that receives a power feeding report after power feeding by the power feeding device 10 and updates surplus power usage information. The surplus power usage history management unit 426 associates the power ID with the amount of power fed using the power ID, and stores and manages it in the surplus power usage information table. Further, the surplus power usage history management unit 426 associates the contract ID with the amount of power fed by the power feeding device 10 using the contract ID, and stores and manages it in the power feeding device usage information table.

  The settlement processing unit 427 is a processing unit that performs an electricity bill settlement process based on the amount of electric power purchased and the amount of electric power sold at the home 20 of the user U1. The payment processing unit 427 further performs the above-mentioned payment processing for the electric charges in consideration of the power supplied by the power supply apparatus 10.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the surplus power information table T10 in the present embodiment.

  The surplus power information table T10 is a table held by the power information acquisition unit 421, and is a table in which the surplus power amount for each measurement period acquired by the power information acquisition unit 421 from the meter 23 is stored as a record. Hereinafter, each item of the surplus power information table T10 will be described.

  The “contract ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify the supply and demand contract in which the surplus power amount indicated in the record is generated.

  The “meter ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify the meter 23 that measures the surplus power amount indicated in the record.

  The “measurement period start time” is the start time of the measurement period when the surplus power amount indicated in the record is generated.

  The “end time of measurement period” is the end time of the measurement period when the surplus power amount indicated in the record is generated.

  The “surplus power amount” is the surplus power amount indicated in the record, and is indicated, for example, in units of Wh.

  For example, the uppermost record of the surplus power information table T10 of FIG. 5 is the measurement period “2015/04/01 10” by the meter 23 whose meter ID is “123456789” in the supply and demand contract whose contract ID is “00001”. : 30: 00-10: 35: 00 "indicates that 340 Wh of surplus power is generated.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the power ID management table T20 in the present embodiment.

  The power ID management table T20 is a table held by the power ID management unit 424, and is a table in which the power ID issued by the power ID management unit 424 in association with the surplus power amount is stored as a record. Each item of the power ID management table T20 will be described below.

  “Power ID” indicates the power ID indicated in the record.

  The “expiration date” is the expiration date of the power ID indicated in the record, in other words, the expiration time of the expiration date.

  The “surplus power amount” indicates the surplus power amount associated with the power ID indicated in the record, and indicates the surplus power amount associated with the time when the power ID is issued.

  The “remaining usable amount” indicates the amount of power that can be used among the surplus power amount associated with the power ID indicated in the record. The remaining usable amount shows the same value as the “surplus power amount” at the time when the power ID is issued, but is subtracted by the amount used each time it is used.

  The “record registration date” is the time when the record is registered.

  For example, in the uppermost record of the power ID management table T20 of FIG. 6, the power ID “1504011040766” is initially linked to the surplus power amount of 766 Wh, and the power amount of 766 Wh can be used. Indicates that the expiration date of the power ID is “2014/04/01 11: 00: 00: 00” and that the time when this record was registered is “2014/04/01 10:40:00” Yes.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a surplus power usage information table T30 in the present embodiment.

  The surplus power use information table T30 is a table held by the surplus power use history management unit 426, and is a table in which the amount of power used by the power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 is stored as a record.

  “Power ID” indicates a power ID associated with the amount of power used for power feeding indicated in the record.

  “Power supply start time” is the time when power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 indicated in the entry starts.

  The “power supply end time” is the time when power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 indicated in the entry ends.

  “Power supply amount” is the amount of power supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 indicated in the entry.

  The “power supply device ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify the power supply device 10 that has supplied power by the power supply device 10 indicated in the entry.

  The “record registration date” is the time when the record is registered.

  For example, the record of the surplus power usage information table T30 in FIG. 7 indicates that the power of 500 Wh linked to the power ID “1504011040766” is “2014/04/01 10” by the power feeding device 10 whose power feeding device ID is “abcde98765”. : 45: 00 to 10:50:00 ”, and the time when this record was registered is“ 2014/04/01 10:50:00 ”.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the power information management table T40 in the present embodiment.

  The power information management table T40 is a table held by the power information acquisition unit 421, and is a table in which the amount of power purchased and the amount of power sold in the home 20 of the user U1 for each time period is stored as a record.

  The “contract ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify a power supply / demand contract in which the purchased power amount and the sold power amount indicated in the record are measured.

  “Meter ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify a meter (meter 23 and meter 25) that measures the amount of power purchased and the amount of power sold indicated in the record.

  The “time limit start time” is the time limit start time at which the amount of purchased electric power and the amount of electric power sold indicated in the record are generated.

  The “time end time” is the time end time when the purchased power amount and the sold power amount indicated in the record are generated.

  “Electric power purchased” is a value indicating the amount of electric power purchased indicated in the record, and is indicated, for example, in units of Wh.

  “Power sale power amount” is a value indicating the power sale power amount indicated in the record, and is indicated, for example, in units of Wh.

  For example, the uppermost record of the power information management table T40 in FIG. 8 shows the time period “2015/04/01 10: in the supply and demand contract with the contract ID“ 00001 ”by the meter 23 with the meter ID“ 123456789 ”. “00: 00-10: 30” indicates that the amount of purchased power is 0 Wh and the amount of sold power is 1000 Wh.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a power feeding device usage information table T50 in the present embodiment.

  The power supply device usage information table T50 is a table held by the surplus power use history management unit 426, and stores a surplus power use power supply amount and a system power use power supply amount as records among the power amounts supplied by the power supply device 10. It is.

  The “contract ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify a supply and demand contract related to the surplus power use power supply amount and the grid power use power supply amount indicated in the record.

  The “power supply apparatus ID” is an ID that can uniquely identify the power supply apparatus 10 to which the power supply related to the record is made.

  The “power supply period start time” is a start time of a period in which power supply related to the record is performed.

  The “power supply period end time” is an end time of a period in which power supply related to the record is performed.

  “Power supply amount” is a value indicating the amount of power supplied to the record, and is indicated in units of Wh, for example.

  The “surplus power use power supply amount” is a value indicating the amount of power supplied by using surplus power among the power supplied to the record, and is indicated in units of Wh, for example.

  The “system power use power supply amount” is a value indicating the amount of power supplied using the system power out of the power amount supplied according to the record, and is indicated, for example, in units of Wh.

  For example, the uppermost record of the power supply device usage information table T50 of FIG. 9 shows that a power supply amount of 500 Wh is supplied by the power supply device 10 with the power supply device ID “abcde98765” in the supply and demand contract with the power supply device ID “00001”. It is shown that the amount of power supplied using surplus power out of the amount of power supplied is 500 Wh, and the amount of power supplied using system power out of the amount of power supplied is 0 Wh. .

  Next, a method for identifying surplus power and a method for inquiring and responding to whether power can be supplied will be described.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of surplus power in the present embodiment. The explanatory diagram shown in FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for specifying surplus power by the power management apparatus 41.

  FIG. 10 shows the amount of surplus power that is the amount of power that is reversely flowed to the transmission and distribution network 50 out of the power generated by the power generation device 21 over time. In addition, the “time limit” in FIG. 10 means a unit of time at which the retailer 40 should achieve the same amount that matches the supply and demand of power. That is, the retailer 40 controls the power supply / demand balance so that the power demand and the supply are matched in the period indicated by the time limit. The time period x shown in FIG. 10 is a period from time T (x) to time T (x + 1).

  The power management device 41 obtains the amount of power measured by the meter 23 in the direction from the home 20 of the user U1 toward the transmission / distribution network 50, whereby surplus power as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. The quantity 301 is acquired. Here, the case where the power amount before time T (x) + t is acquired and held by the meter 23 at the time when the power management device 41 acquires the power amount from the meter 23 is shown.

  The power management apparatus 41 specifies the surplus power amount EP1 in the time period x by summing the surplus power amount 301 acquired from the meter 23.

  In addition to the surplus power amount 301 acquired from the meter 23, the power management apparatus 41 may identify the surplus power amount 302 that is predicted within the time period x and in the period after the time T (x) + t. Good. In that case, the surplus power amount EP2 in the time period x may be specified by summing the surplus power amounts 301 and 302. By doing in this way, in the power management system 1, the surplus power generated in the time period x can be used more effectively.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an inquiry and a response regarding whether or not power supply is possible in the present embodiment. FIG. 11 shows the surplus power amount specified by the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 when an inquiry about whether or not power supply is possible in the time period y.

  If there is an inquiry about whether or not the power management device 41 can supply power from the communication terminal 31 at time 10:17, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 is included in 10:30 to 10:45 already acquired by the power information acquisition unit 421. By accumulating the power amounts (340 Wh, 426 Wh, and 34 Wh) for each measurement period, the surplus power amount is specified as 800 Wh, and the surplus power amount is notified as a response to the communication terminal.

  When the surplus power amount is specified, the surplus power amount in the measurement period in which the surplus power amount has not yet been acquired among the measurement periods included in the time period y is predicted, and the accumulated value of the predicted surplus power is calculated as the surplus power. It may be added to the quantity. Specifically, for example, by estimating that there is the same surplus power amount as 10:30 to 10:45 in the measurement period included from 10:45 to 11:00, the surplus power amount of the time limit y is 1600 Wh. You may specify.

  Next, processing in the power management system 1 will be described.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing overall processing in the power management system 1 of the present embodiment.

  The power management system 1 performs the processing from step S11 to step S14 for each time period (loop A).

  In step S11 to step S14, the power management system 1 performs a power supply availability inquiry process, a surplus power identification process, a power supply request process, and a power supply report process.

  In addition, the power management system 1 performs a settlement process in a cycle independent of the process for each time period (step S15). The said period should just be time longer than a time limit, for example, can be made into one month.

  Hereinafter, detailed processing included in each of the above steps will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing exchange of information from a power supply availability inquiry to a power supply report in the power management system according to the present embodiment. The process in the power management system 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  Each step shown in FIG. 13 is a detailed version of the processing steps shown in FIG. For example, step S101 in FIG. 13 is a process included in step S11 in FIG. 12, steps S102 to S105 in FIG. 13 are processes included in step S12 in FIG. 12, and steps S111 to S114 in FIG. 12 is a process included in step S13 in FIG. 12, and step S115 in FIG. 13 is a process included in step S14 in FIG. However, the above is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  In step S <b> 101, the communication terminal 31 of the user U <b> 1 transmits a power supply availability inquiry to the power management apparatus 41. The power management apparatus 41 receives a power supply availability inquiry. The power supply availability inquiry is for inquiring of the power management apparatus 41 whether or not power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 in the power management system 1 is possible, that is, whether or not surplus power is generated at the home 20 of the user U1. is there. When making an inquiry about whether or not to supply power, the communication terminal 31 transmits a contract ID, which is an ID that can uniquely identify the contract between the user U1 and the retailer 40. Note that the communication terminal 31 may transmit a user ID, which is an ID that can uniquely identify the user U1, in association with the power supply availability inquiry instead of the contract ID. The user ID of the user U1 is also referred to as first user identification information.

  The power supply availability inquiry is transmitted on the communication path from the communication terminal 31 to the power management apparatus 41 via the communication line. The inquiry about whether or not power can be supplied may be performed automatically when a predetermined application is activated on the smartphone that is the communication terminal 31, or when a predetermined operation by the user U1 is received, for example.

  In step S102, the power management apparatus 41 transmits a surplus power inquiry to the meter 23 in the home 20 of the user U1. The power management apparatus 41 requests the meter 23 to output a surplus power value corresponding to the time period including the input time when the power supply availability inquiry in step S101 is received (input). Specifically, the power management apparatus 41 identifies the user U1 by referring to the contract ID included in the power supply availability inquiry in step S101. Then, the power management apparatus 41 requests the surplus power measured by the meter 23 at the specified user U1's home 20 to be transmitted to the power management apparatus 41 by surplus power inquiry. Note that the power management apparatus 41 may transmit a surplus power inquiry including information specifying the period of the surplus power amount to be acquired.

  In step S103, the meter 23 transmits the surplus power amount to the power management apparatus 41 in response to the surplus power inquiry received from the power management apparatus 41 in step S102. The power management apparatus 41 receives (inputs) the transmitted surplus power. At this time, the meter 23 may transmit individual values of surplus power (340 Wh, 426 Wh, 34 Wh in the example of FIG. 11) for each measurement period within the time period including the current time, or within the time period including the current time. A value obtained by accumulating surplus power for each measurement period (800 Wh in the example of FIG. 11) may be transmitted. Hereinafter, the former case will be described as an example. When the period is specified in step S102, the meter 23 transmits the surplus power amount within the period specified by the information to the power management apparatus 41. The power management apparatus 41 stores and holds the received surplus power amount in the surplus power information table T10.

  In step S104, the power management apparatus 41 identifies surplus power based on the surplus power amount acquired in step S103, issues a power ID that is an ID that can uniquely identify the surplus power, and sets the surplus power to the identified surplus power. A power ID is assigned. In other words, the power management apparatus 41 identifies the surplus power based on the surplus power amount acquired in step S103, and issues a power ID that is an ID that can uniquely identify the surplus power in association with the surplus power. . Specifically, the power management apparatus 41 specifies the surplus power by calculating the accumulated value of the surplus power in the measurement period acquired in step S103. The surplus power is specified and the power ID is assigned in this step in response to the power supply availability inquiry in step S101. The power ID is information for validating the power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 using surplus power corresponding to the time period including the current time.

  In step S105, the power management apparatus 41 notifies the communication terminal 31 of the power ID assigned in step S104. When notifying the power ID, the power management apparatus 41 notifies the usable amount of power. The available amount is a value that is equal to the surplus power amount specified in step S104 and that indicates the amount of power that can be supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID. Instead of notifying the communication terminal 31 of the power ID, the user U1 may acquire the power ID using a method that can be recognized by a human. For example, there is a method in which the user U1 acquires a paper medium on which the power ID is described, or the user U1 is asked to hear the power ID by voice.

  In step S105, the power management apparatus 41 determines whether or not the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the time period is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value, and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the time period is a predetermined value. If the power ID is equal to or less than the minimum value, control may be performed so that the power ID is not issued in association with the accumulated value of surplus power corresponding to the time limit. In the above case, control may be performed so that the power ID and the accumulated value are not transmitted to the communication terminal 31 in response to the power supply availability inquiry. In the above case, control may be performed to send a notification to the communication terminal 31 that the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the time limit is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value in response to the power supply availability inquiry. By doing in this way, the power management device can prevent the power supply device from supplying power when the power that can be supplied by the power supply device is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum value, or notify the user to that effect. it can.

  In step S <b> 111, the communication terminal 31 makes a power supply request to the power supply apparatus 10. The power supply request is information indicating that the load device 32 wants to receive power. The power supply request includes the power ID notified from the power management apparatus 41 in step S105 and the usage amount that is the amount of power to be supplied with power. The power supply apparatus 10 receives (inputs) the power supply request in association with the power ID included in the power supply request. Note that although the power supply request has been described as being input from the communication terminal 31 to the power supply apparatus 10, the power supply request may be input from another apparatus to the power supply apparatus 10 instead. The usage amount may be a value equal to or less than the usable amount associated with the power ID, or may be a code indicating the upper limit of the usable amount.

  The power supply request is made, for example, by performing proximity wireless communication by bringing the communication terminal 31 close to the proximity wireless communication port that is the input IF 11 of the power supply apparatus 10. In addition, the power supply request may be made through a communication line. Alternatively, the user U1 may manually perform power ID input on the key that is the input IF 11.

  In step S112, the power supply apparatus 10 inquires of the power management apparatus 41 for the power ID acquired by the power supply request in step S111. Specifically, the power supply apparatus 10 makes an inquiry to the power management apparatus 41 in order to confirm that the power ID is surely valid and valid issued by the power management apparatus 41. For example, a power ID generated by forgery or a power ID generated by duplicating a power ID that has been generated and used in the past is not valid as a result of the inquiry, and corresponds to a surplus power amount in the past time limit. It can be seen that the power ID is not valid.

  Note that the usage amount transmitted by the communication terminal 31 in step S105 may be inquired in the inquiry in step S112. If this usage amount exceeds the usable amount of the power ID, it can be seen that the usage amount is not valid.

  In step S113, the power management apparatus 41 transmits the result of the power ID inquiry in step S112 to the power supply apparatus 10. Specifically, when the power ID transmitted in step S112 is valid, the power management apparatus 41 transmits a response indicating that effect.

  In step S <b> 114, the power supply apparatus 10 supplies the load device 32 connected to the power supply apparatus 10 with the amount of power received together with the power ID in the power supply request. At this time, the power supply apparatus 10 does not accept a charge for the amount of power supplied from the user, that is, prohibits acceptance. In other words, the power supply apparatus 10 supplies the load apparatus 32 with power that is not charged. After supplying power to the load device 32 based on one power ID as described above, it may not be possible to supply power to the load device 32 again based on the power ID, and the usage amount is used. If it is less than the possible amount, power may be supplied again based on the power ID within the same time limit within a range where the total amount of power supplied using the power ID is less than or equal to the usable amount.

  In step S115, when the power supply apparatus 10 supplies power to the load apparatus 32 in step S114, the power supply apparatus 10 transmits a power supply report to the power management apparatus 41. The power supply report includes a power ID and a power supply amount.

  In addition, although the case where the meter 23 transmits the surplus power amount in response to the surplus power inquiry has been described above, the meter may transmit the surplus power amount periodically. That is, the processing from steps S101 to S105 in FIG. 13 may be replaced with the processing shown in FIG.

  FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing a modification of information exchange from the power supply availability inquiry process to the power supply report process in the power management system 1 of the present embodiment.

  In step S103A, the meter 23 periodically transmits the surplus power amount to the power management apparatus 41 for each measurement period. The power management apparatus 41 periodically receives (inputs) the surplus power amount. The power management apparatus 41 stores and holds the received surplus power amount in the surplus power information table T10. Here, the meter 23 is different from step S103 in that the surplus power is voluntarily transmitted.

  In step S101A, the communication terminal 31 of the user U1 transmits a power supply availability inquiry to the power management apparatus 41.

  In step S104A, the power management apparatus 41 identifies surplus power based on the surplus power amount acquired in step S103A, issues a power ID that is an ID that can uniquely identify the surplus power, and sets the surplus power to the identified surplus power. A power ID is assigned. Specifically, when the power management apparatus 41 receives (inputs) the power supply availability inquiry in step S101A, the surplus power corresponding to the time from the start time of the time period including the input time at which the power supply availability inquiry is input to the input time. The surplus power is specified by accumulating values and generating a surplus power accumulation value corresponding to the time limit.

  Step S105 is the same as step S105 in FIG.

  FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram showing exchange of information during the charging process in the power management system 1 according to the present embodiment. The processing in the power management system 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  Each step shown in FIG. 15 is a detailed version of the processing steps shown in FIG. For example, steps S122 to S124 in FIG. 13 are processes included in step S15 in FIG. However, the above is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  In step S122, the power management apparatus 41 performs a settlement process. In the settlement process, based on the power supply contract between the retailer 40 and the user U1, the amount of power supplied from the transmission / distribution network 50 to the load device 22 and consumed is reversed from the home 20 of the user U1. An amount obtained by subtracting a consideration (amount) corresponding to the surplus power that has been tapped is calculated as the amount billed to the user U1. At this time, the amount of money is calculated so that the amount of power supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 in step S114 is subtracted from the amount of surplus power that has flowed backward from the home 20 of the user U1.

  In step S123, the retailer 40 charges the user U1 for the amount billed (electricity charge) calculated in the settlement process in step S122.

  In step S <b> 124, the user U <b> 1 pays the electricity bill for the bill for electricity bill made in step S <b> 123.

  Note that steps S112 and S113 are not necessarily required when it is clear that the power supply apparatus 10 has a valid power ID.

  Note that the billing process and billing in steps S122 and S123 are performed for each period determined by the power supply contract between the retailer 40 and the user U1. For example, the billing process is performed every month.

  Hereinafter, details of processing by each functional block included in the power management apparatus 41 will be described.

  The process of step S11 in FIG. 12 is merely inquired of the power management apparatus 41 as to whether or not power supply is necessary, and thus the details are omitted.

  FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing processing of the power management apparatus 41 according to the present embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 16 shows the processing of the power management apparatus 41 in step S12 of FIG.

  In step S601, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 specifies the surplus power amount. Step S601 corresponds to step S104 (FIG. 13) or step S104A (FIG. 14). The process included in step S601 will be described in detail later.

  In step S602, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 determines whether or not the surplus power amount specified in step S601 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. If it is determined that the surplus power is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S603. On the other hand, if it is determined that the surplus power amount is not equal to or greater than the predetermined value (that is, less than the predetermined value), the process proceeds to step S605.

  In step S603, the power ID management unit 424 assigns a power ID to the surplus power corresponding to the surplus power amount specified in step S601. Step S603 corresponds to step S104 (FIG. 13) or step S104A (FIG. 14).

  In step S604, the power ID management unit 424 transmits the power ID assigned in step S603 to the communication terminal 31, and transmits the surplus power amount specified in step S601 to the communication terminal 31 as an available amount. Here, the usable amount is a value indicating the upper limit of the amount of power that can be used when the surplus power is used by being fed by the power feeding device 10.

  In step S605, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 notifies the communication terminal 31 that power cannot be supplied (power cannot be supplied).

  Through the series of processes described above, the power management apparatus 41 appropriately notifies the power ID in response to a power supply availability inquiry from the communication terminal 31.

  FIG. 17 is a first flowchart showing a surplus power specifying process by surplus power specifying unit 422 of the present embodiment. This flowchart shows the details of the processing in step S601 in FIG. 16, and also shows a case where the meter 23 periodically transmits the surplus power amount to the power management apparatus 41 as shown in FIG. .

  In step S701, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 acquires the current time. The time period to which the current time belongs is expressed as time period x, and the start time of time period x is expressed as T (x). In this case, the current time is expressed as T (x) + t. Here, t corresponds to the elapsed time from T (x) to the current time.

  In step S702, based on the current time T (x) + t acquired in step S701, the time limit start time T (x) including the current time is specified.

  In step S703, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 has already acquired surplus power within the time period x from the time T (x) in the consumer matching the contract ID among the surplus power stored in the surplus power information table T10. The total value of surplus power up to the completed time, that is, the cumulative value is calculated.

  Through the series of processes described above, the power management apparatus 41 can identify surplus power.

  The series of processing shown in FIG. 17 may be as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 18 is a second flowchart showing a surplus power specifying process performed by the power management apparatus according to the present embodiment. This flowchart shows the details of the processing in step S601 in FIG. 16, and when the meter 23 transmits the surplus power amount to the power management apparatus 41 in response to the surplus power inquiry as shown in FIG. Is.

  Steps S801 and S802 are the same as steps S701 and S702 in FIG. 17, respectively.

  In step S803, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 requests the surplus power data after the start time T (x) of the time limit including the current time to the consumer meter 23 matching the contract ID, and the time Data of surplus power for each measurement period after T (x) is acquired.

  In step S804, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422 stores the acquired surplus power data in the surplus power information table T10. Then, the surplus power amount specifying unit 422, among the surplus power stored in the surplus power information table T10, the total value of surplus power from the time T (x) to the current time in the customer that matches the contract ID, that is, Calculate the cumulative value.

  FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing power ID inquiry processing by the power management apparatus 41 according to the present embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 19 shows the processing of the power management apparatus 41 in step S13 of FIG.

  In step S <b> 901, the power supply availability determination unit 425 of the power management apparatus 41 receives a power ID inquiry from the power supply apparatus 10 via the communication unit 423. The received power ID inquiry includes the power ID and the amount of power that the power supply apparatus 10 is to supply. The power ID inquiry is transmitted from the power supply apparatus 10 (step S112 in FIG. 13).

  In step S902, the power supply availability determination unit 425 determines whether or not the power ID included in the power ID inquiry received in step S901 exists on the power ID management table T20. If it exists, the process proceeds to step S904. On the other hand, if it does not exist, the process proceeds to step S903.

  In step S903, the power supply availability determination unit 425 transmits “invalid: unauthorized power ID” as the inquiry result through the communication unit 423 (corresponding to step S113 in FIG. 13). “Inappropriate: Unauthorized power ID” as the inquiry result is to notify that the power feeding apparatus 10 using the power ID cannot be fed because the power ID received in step S901 is invalid. This command instructs prohibition of power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID.

  In step S904, the power supply availability determination unit 425 determines whether the current time is before the expiration date of the power ID. If the current time is before the expiration date of the power ID, the process proceeds to step S906. On the other hand, if the current time is not earlier than the expiration date of the power ID (that is, later or equal), the process proceeds to step S905.

  In step S905, the power supply availability determination unit 425 transmits “invalid: expiration date” as the inquiry result through the communication unit 423 (corresponding to step S113 in FIG. 13). “Inappropriate: Expiration date” as an inquiry result notifies that the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID cannot be supplied because the power ID received in step S901 has expired. This command instructs prohibition of power supply by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID.

  In step S906, the power supply availability determination unit 425 determines whether the amount of power included in the power ID inquiry received in step S901 is equal to or less than the remaining usable amount of the power ID included in the power ID inquiry. The remaining usable amount of power ID is managed by the power ID management table T20. If the power amount is equal to or less than the remaining usable amount, the process proceeds to step S908. On the other hand, if the power amount is not less than the remaining usable amount, the process proceeds to step S907.

  In step S907, the power supply possibility determination unit 425 transmits “invalid: usable amount over” as the inquiry result through the communication unit 423 (corresponding to step S113 in FIG. 13). “Inappropriate: Usable amount over” as the inquiry result indicates that the amount of power that can be supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID included in the power ID inquiry received in step S901 is the amount of power included in the power ID inquiry. By exceeding, it notifies that the electric power feeding apparatus 10 using the said electric power ID cannot supply electric power, and prohibits the electric power feeding by the electric power feeding apparatus 10 using the said electric power ID.

  In step S907, the power supply availability determination unit 425 may transmit “justification: limited to the remaining usable amount” as a reference result through the communication unit 423 (not illustrated). As a result of the inquiry, “justification: limited to the remaining available amount” indicates the amount of power that can be supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power ID included in the power ID inquiry received in step S901 (that is, not charged). This is to notify that permission is limited to the usable amount.

  In step S908, the power supply availability determination unit 425 transmits “valid” as the inquiry result through the communication unit 423 (corresponding to step S113 in FIG. 13). “Validity” as the inquiry result notifies that the power supply apparatus 10 can supply power using the power ID included in the power ID inquiry received in step S901.

  Through the series of processes described above, the power management apparatus 41 can appropriately respond to the power ID inquiry from the power supply apparatus 10.

  FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a surplus power usage amount update process by the power management apparatus 41 according to the present embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 20 shows the processing of the power management apparatus 41 in step S14 of FIG.

  In step S <b> 1001, the surplus power usage history management unit 426 of the power management apparatus 41 receives the power supply report through the communication unit 423. This power supply report includes the power ID and the amount of power supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 using the power supply ID. The power supply report is transmitted from the power supply apparatus 10 (step S115 in FIG. 13).

  In step S1002, the surplus power usage history management unit 426 subtracts the remaining usable amount in the power ID management table T20 by the amount of power included in the power supply report received in step S1001, thereby remaining the remaining power ID. Update the available amount.

  In step S1003, the surplus power usage history management unit 426 registers the power amount included in the power supply report received in step S1001 as the power supply amount in the surplus power usage information table T30.

  Through the series of processes described above, the power management apparatus 41 updates various information based on the received power supply report.

  FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an electricity bill calculation process in the settlement process of the present embodiment.

  In step S1101, the settlement processing unit 427 of the power management apparatus 41 calculates a charge A corresponding to the amount of power purchased a at the home 20 of the user U1. Here, the purchased power amount a is obtained from the power amount indicated by the meter 25, and is obtained by accumulating the purchased power amount stored in the power information management table T40 for a predetermined period.

  In step S1102, the settlement processing unit 427 calculates the amount of electric power sold b. Here, the purchased power amount a is obtained from the amount of power indicated by the meter 23, and is obtained by accumulating the sold power amount stored in the power information management table T40 for a predetermined period.

  In step S1103, the settlement processing unit 427 calculates a surplus power usage amount c. Here, surplus power use amount c is the amount of power supplied using power supply device 10 out of surplus power, and the surplus power use power supply amount stored in T50 in the power supply device use information table is a predetermined amount. Accumulated for the period.

  In step S <b> 1104, the settlement processing unit 427 calculates a charge D corresponding to the amount of power purchased d in the power supply apparatus 10. Here, the power sale power amount d indicates the amount of power supplied by the power supply apparatus 10 using the system power, and the system power use power supply amount stored in T50 in the power supply apparatus use information table is accumulated for a predetermined period. It is a thing.

  In step S1105, the settlement processing unit 427 calculates an electric charge according to the following (formula 1) based on the charges A and D calculated in steps S1101 to S1104, the electric power sales amount b, and the surplus power usage amount c.

  Electricity charge = A + (bc) x Electric power unit price + D (Formula 1)

  After step S1105, the settlement processing unit 427 receives the payment of the electricity fee from the user U1.

  Through the series of processes described above, the power management apparatus 41 calculates the user's electricity bill and then settles the electricity bill.

  As described above, the power management system according to the present embodiment supplies surplus power generated at the user's (customer's) home to the power system (reverse power flow), but from the power system at a location different from the user's home. Can receive power supply. Thereby, as a surplus power use for the user, there is a use in which the user himself / herself is supplied with power for surplus power in another place in addition to the use of selling power. Therefore, the power management system can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, a power management system capable of more flexibly utilizing surplus power by consuming surplus power generated at the user's home by a person different from the user at a location different from the home will be described. . In the following description, the “user” is referred to as “user U1”, and the “person different from the user” is referred to as “user U2”.

  In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.

  First, a situation in which power is managed by the power management system in the present embodiment will be described using an example, but power management by the power management system in the present embodiment is not limited to this example.

  Both the user U1 and the user U2 use an SNS (Social Networking Service) site on the Internet. A power generation device is installed at the home of the user U1 to generate power. When the user U2 travels by EV and the user U1 thinks that the post made to the SNS site at the destination is good, the user U1 wants to provide the user U2 with surplus power generated at home. The user U2 charges the EV in a parking area where the power supply apparatus is installed, which is stopped during the EV journey. Here, the power management system performs management such that the power that the user U2 has charged from the power supply apparatus to the EV is covered by surplus power generated at the home of the user U1. The power management system that manages power in this way will be specifically described below.

  FIG. 6 is an overview diagram of the configuration of the power management system 2 in the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power management system 2 in the present embodiment. The power management system 2 will be described with reference to these drawings.

  The power management system 2 includes two users, a user U1 and a user U2, and a user (user U1) who owns a power generation device at home is different from a user (user U2) who receives power from the power supply device. Thus, it is different from the power management system 1 in the first embodiment.

  A power generation device 21, a load device 22, and a meter 23 are installed in the home 20 of the user U1. The user U1 has a communication terminal 31. The user U1 may be staying in the home 20 of the user U1 or may be staying outside the home 20.

  The user U2 stays in the vicinity of the power supply apparatus 10. The user U2 has a communication terminal 35 and a load device 36. Each of the communication terminal 35 and the load device 36 has the same functions as the communication terminal 31 and the load device 32 in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 8 is a first sequence diagram showing information exchange in the power management system according to the present embodiment. Processing in the power management system 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Detailed descriptions of the same processing steps as those in the power management system 1 of the first embodiment are omitted.

  In steps S101 to S105, the communication terminal 31 makes an inquiry about whether or not to supply power and is notified of the power ID.

  In step S <b> 206, the communication terminal 31 transmits a power ID to the communication terminal 35. The power ID transmitted here is given to the surplus power generated at the home 20 of the user U1. Therefore, by transmitting the power ID from the communication terminal 31 to the communication terminal 35 in this way, the user U2 can use surplus power generated at the home 20 of the user U1.

  Note that the power ID held by the communication terminal 31 may be deleted after the communication terminal 31 transmits the power ID to the communication terminal 35. In this way, the communication terminal 31 (user U1) can be prohibited from supplying power from the power supply apparatus 10 to the load apparatus using the power ID. That is, the power ID can be appropriately transferred or transferred from the user U1 to the user U2.

  In addition, when the communication terminal 31 transmits a power ID to the communication terminal 35, a new power ID (“second power ID” or “second power ID” associated with the power ID (also referred to as “first power ID”). It is also possible to generate the second power ID that is also referred to as “identification information” and transmit the generated second power ID to the communication terminal 35. In this case, the power management apparatus 41 cannot use the first power ID. In this way, the communication terminal 35 (user U2) is allowed to supply power to the load device 36 using the second power ID, while the communication terminal 31 (user U1) is prohibited from supplying power to the load device. Is done. Even in this method, the power ID can be appropriately transferred or transferred from the user U1 to the user U2.

  In step S <b> 211, the communication terminal 35 requests the power supply apparatus 10 to supply power. The power supply request includes the power ID transmitted from the communication terminal 31 in step S206 and the usage amount that is the amount of power desired to be supplied with power.

  In steps S112 and S113, the power ID acquired by the power supply request in step S211 is inquired.

  In step S <b> 214, the power supply device 10 supplies power to the load device 36 connected to the power supply device 10.

  In the above description, after the power management apparatus 41 notifies the communication terminal 31 of the power ID in step S105, the communication terminal 31 transmits the power ID to the communication terminal 35 in step S206. The power management apparatus 41 may notify the communication terminal 35 of the power ID. In this way, the communication terminal 35 can acquire the power ID without the communication terminal 31 being interposed, and convenience is enhanced.

  As described above, according to the power management system 2, the power ID and the cumulative value of surplus power are transmitted from the communication terminal 31 to the communication terminal 35 used by the user U2, and from the communication terminal 35 to the power supply apparatus 10. When the second power supply request indicating that the user U2 uses the load device 36 that is different from the load device 32 and that is to be supplied with power is transmitted, the power supply device 10 uses the second power supply request equal to or less than the amount of surplus power. One power supply is supplied to the load device 36 as power that is not charged.

  Further, in response to the power supply availability inquiry, the first power ID and the temporary second power ID different from the first power ID are issued in association with the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the time limit, The first power ID, the second power ID, and the accumulated value of surplus power corresponding to the time limit are transmitted to the communication terminal 31, and the accumulated value of the second power ID and surplus power is used by the user U2 from the communication terminal 31. Is transmitted to the communication terminal 35, and a second power supply request is transmitted from the communication terminal 35 to the power supply apparatus 10, indicating that the user U2 uses the load apparatus 36 different from the load apparatus 32 to receive power. When the first supply power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power is supplied to the load device 36 as power that is not charged, the first supply power is prohibited from being supplied to the load device 32.

  Accordingly, surplus power generated at the user's home is consumed by a person different from the user at a location different from the home, so that the surplus power can be utilized more flexibly.

(Embodiment 3)
In the present embodiment, a power management system that can utilize surplus power more flexibly by consuming surplus power generated in the future at the user's home by a person different from the user at a location different from the home explain.

  In the present embodiment, the same components and the like as those in Embodiments 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.

  First, a situation in which power is managed by the power management system in the present embodiment will be described using an example, but power management by the power management system in the present embodiment is not limited to this example.

  In the situation of the second embodiment, the user U1 provides the user U2 with surplus power generated at home. Instead, in the present embodiment, the user U1 generates surplus power generated at home in the future. We want to provide it to user U2.

  Then, the user U2 charges the EV in the parking area where the power feeding apparatus is installed, which is stopped during the EV journey. Here, the power management system is managed such that the amount of power that the user U2 has charged from the power supply apparatus to the EV is covered by surplus power generated at the user U1's home at the time when this charging is performed. Like that. The power management system that manages power in this way will be specifically described below.

  The configuration of the power management system in the present embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power management system 2 in the second embodiment.

  FIG. 9 is a first sequence diagram illustrating information exchange in the power management system according to the present embodiment. Processing in the power management system in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In step S301, the communication terminal 31 reserves a right to use surplus power. The right to use is a right to use surplus power generated in the future. When the user U1 reserves the right to use the communication terminal 31, the right to use surplus power generated in the future in the power generation device 21 can be defined. When reserving the right to use surplus power, the communication terminal 31 transmits the contract ID and the requested amount to the power management apparatus 41. The required amount is the amount of electric power required for future use.

  A time limit may be set for the surplus power that is the purpose of the usage right. That is, the right of use may be set only for surplus power in a specific time period among surplus power generated in the future by the user U1. On the contrary, the right to use may be set only for surplus power in a time period excluding a specific time period. In this case, the specific time zone is specified in step S301.

  In step S302, the power management apparatus 41 gives a power ID to the reserved power. The power management apparatus 41 gives a power ID to the power corresponding to the request amount included in the usage right reservation received in step S301. Here, the electric power corresponding to the required amount is surplus electric power generated in the future.

  When a specific time zone is specified in step S301, the power management apparatus 41 sets the surplus power generated in the specified specific time zone or the time zone excluding the specified specific time zone. A power ID is assigned to the generated surplus power.

  Note that the power management apparatus 41 may reserve only surplus power corresponding to a part of the requested amount specified in step S301. Specifically, the power management apparatus 41 determines whether or not to reserve surplus power corresponding to all of the requested amount specified in step S301, and determines that such a reservation is not possible. Only surplus power corresponding to a part of the requested amount may be reserved.

  In step S303, the power management apparatus 41 notifies the communication terminal 31 of the power ID assigned in step S302. At this time, the power management apparatus 41 transmits the reserved surplus power amount to the communication terminal 31 as a reservation amount.

  In step S304, the communication terminal 31 transmits the power ID notified in step S303 to the communication terminal 35 (user U2).

  10 and 11 are second and third sequence diagrams showing information exchange in the power management system according to the present embodiment.

  In step S <b> 311, the communication terminal 35 requests the power supply apparatus 10 to supply power. The power supply request includes the power ID transmitted from the communication terminal 31 in step S304 and the usage amount that is the amount of power desired to be supplied with power.

  In step S312, the power supply apparatus 10 inquires of the power management apparatus 41 about the power ID acquired by the power supply request in step S311. Step S312 is the same process as step S112 in the first embodiment.

  In step S313, the power management apparatus 41 transmits a surplus power inquiry to the meter 23 in the home 20 of the user U1.

  In step S314, the meter 23 transmits a surplus power amount to the power management apparatus 41 in response to the surplus power inquiry received from the power management apparatus 41 in step S313.

  In step S315, the power management apparatus 41 determines the surplus performance amount. Specifically, the power management apparatus 41 determines whether or not the surplus power amount for the time limit is equal to or greater than the usage amount included in the power supply request in step S311.

  If it is determined in step S315 that the surplus power amount is equal to or greater than the usage amount (YES in step S315), the processes in steps S316 and S317 are performed. On the other hand, when it is determined that the surplus power amount is not equal to or greater than the use amount (that is, the surplus power amount is less than the use amount) (NO in step S315), the processes of steps S321 to S324 in FIG. 11 are performed.

  In step S316, the power management apparatus 41 transmits the result of the power ID inquiry in step S312 to the power supply apparatus 10. Specifically, since the surplus power amount is greater than or equal to the usage amount, the power management device 41 notifies that power supply is permitted.

  In step S <b> 317, the power supply apparatus 10 supplies power for the amount of use to the load device 36 connected to the power supply apparatus 10.

  In step S <b> 321, the power management apparatus 41 transmits the result of the power ID inquiry in step S <b> 312 to the power supply apparatus 10. Specifically, since the surplus power amount is less than the usage amount, the power management device 41 notifies the power supply device 10 of the usable amount.

  In step S322, the power supply apparatus 10 notifies the communication terminal 35 of the usable amount notified in step S321. The communication terminal 35 presents the usable amount notified in step S322 to the user U2, and receives an instruction from the user U2 as to whether or not to receive power supply from the power supply apparatus 10 for the usable amount.

  In step S <b> 323, the communication terminal 35 transmits an instruction to perform power supply to the power supply apparatus 10. The instruction to supply power is made when an instruction to receive power supply corresponding to the usable amount is received from the user U2 in step S322.

  In step S <b> 324, the power supply apparatus 10 supplies power for the usable amount to the load device 36 connected to the power supply apparatus 10.

  In the above description, the power ID is assigned to the reserved power in step S302. Instead, the power ID is assigned to the surplus power after the surplus power is actually generated after waiting for the surplus power to actually occur. And the power ID may be transmitted to the communication terminal 31. If it does in this way, the communication terminal 35 which received electric power ID after that in step S304 can perform electric power feeding from the electric power feeder 10 to the load apparatus 36 based on the surplus electric power which generate | occur | produced actually.

  In the above description, the use right reservation is made using the contract ID and the requested amount in step S301. However, designation information for designating the user U2 may be used. In this case, after surplus power is actually generated, a power ID can be assigned to the surplus power, and the power ID can be transmitted to the communication terminal 35. In this way, the communication terminal 35 that has received the power ID acquires the power ID without going through the communication terminal 31, and supplies power from the power supply device 10 to the load device 36 based on the surplus power actually generated. It can be performed.

(Modification of each embodiment)
The power management system of each of the above embodiments can also be expressed as follows.

  FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of another configuration of the power management system in each embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the power management system 3 is a power management system 3 including a power generation device connected to the power system, a power supply device connected to the power system, and a load device connected to the power supply device. Among the power generated by the power generation device, the identifying unit 41A that identifies surplus power that is power to be supplied to the power system, the generating unit 41B that generates the first identification information associated with the surplus power, and the first identification A power supply unit 12 that supplies first power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the first identification information to the load device from the power system via the power supply device that holds the information.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a power management method in the power management system in each embodiment.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a power management method in the power management system in each embodiment.

  In step S1301, the surplus power that is the power supplied to the power system is identified from the power generated by the power generation device.

  In step S1302, first identification information associated with surplus power is generated.

  In step S1303, the first power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the first identification information is supplied from the power system to the load device via the power supply apparatus that holds the first identification information.

  In each of the above embodiments, each component may be configured by dedicated hardware or may be realized by executing a software program suitable for each component. Each component may be realized by a program execution unit such as a CPU or a processor reading and executing a software program recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory. Here, the software that realizes the power management system of each of the above embodiments is a program as follows.

  That is, the program is capable of supplying power to the computer, the power generation device corresponding to the first user identification information, the first load device used by the user of the first user identification information, and the first load device. A power management method in a power management system including a power supply device installed in a different location from a meter that measures surplus power that is power supplied by the power generation device to an electric power system among power generated by the power generation device The surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power is input, and an inquiry for power supply using the surplus power is made from the first communication terminal used by the user of the first user identification information in the first time limit in a predetermined time unit. Input in association with the first user identification information, and according to the inquiry, the power supply by the power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is valid. First power identification information is issued to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, and the first power identification information and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit are In the power supply apparatus that is transmitted to the first communication terminal and that is input in association with the first power identification information, the first power supply request indicating that the first load apparatus wants to receive power supply is less than the first surplus power amount. A program for executing a power management method for causing the first load device to supply power as unchargeable power.

  The program is a power management method in a power management system including a computer, a power generation device connected to a power system, and a power supply device connected to the power system and supplying power to a load device. The power supply apparatus that identifies surplus power that is power to be supplied to the power system among the power to be generated, generates first identification information associated with the surplus power, and acquires the generated first identification information A program for executing a power management method for supplying, from the power system to the load device, first power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the first identification information via the first power information.

  In addition, although a part or all of said embodiment may be described also as follows, it is not limited to the following description.

  (1) A power management method in a power management system including a power generation device connected to a power system and a power supply device connected to the power system and supplying power to a load device, and among the power generated by the power generation device, The surplus power that is power to be supplied to the power system is specified, first identification information associated with the surplus power is generated, and the first identification information generated is acquired through the power supply device that has acquired the first identification information. The power management method which supplies the 1st electric power below the quantity of the said surplus electric power linked | related with one identification information to the said load apparatus from the said electric power grid | system.

  (2) In the power management method, further, when the power supply apparatus has not acquired the first identification information, a second charge target is charged from the power system to the load apparatus via the power supply apparatus. The power management method according to (1), wherein when the power is supplied and the power supply apparatus acquires the first identification information, the first power that is not charged is supplied to the load device.

  (3) The power supply apparatus includes a reception unit that receives payment of a charge for the supplied power. In the power management method, when the second power is supplied, the payment unit receives the payment, The power management method according to (2), wherein the payment is not accepted by the accepting unit when one power is supplied.

  (4) In the power management method, when the surplus power is supplied to a power system, a grant process that provides a price corresponding to the amount of surplus power is executed. In the grant process, the first power When the power is supplied, the power management method according to any one of (1) to (3), in which a process corresponding to a power amount obtained by subtracting the first power amount from the surplus power amount is performed. .

  (5) In the power management method, the first identification information is further transmitted to a first communication terminal of a first user who is an owner of the power generation device, and the first communication terminal to the power feeding device, The power management according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the first power is supplied to the load device when a request using the first identification information to supply power by the power supply device is transmitted. Method.

  (6) In the power management method, the first identification information is further transmitted from the first communication terminal to a second communication terminal of a second user different from the first user who is the owner of the power generation device. The first power is supplied to the load device when a request is transmitted from the second communication terminal to the power supply device using the first identification information to supply power by the power supply device (5 ) Power management method.

  (7) When transmitting the first identification information, the first identification information held by the first communication terminal is deleted after transmitting the first identification information. Management method.

  (8) When transmitting the first identification information, the second identification information is further associated with the first identification information, and second identification information different from the first identification information is generated, The generated second identification information is transmitted from the first communication terminal to the second communication terminal, and from the power system to the load device via the power supply device that has acquired the second identification information. The power management method according to (6), wherein power is supplied and the supply of the first power through the power supply apparatus that has acquired the first identification information is prohibited.

  (9) When the first identification information is generated before the specified surplus power is actually generated, the generated first identification information is set when the surplus power is actually generated. The power management method according to (8), which is transmitted to the second communication terminal.

  (10) In the power management method, when the first identification information is generated before the specified surplus power is actually generated, the specification information specifying the second user is received. The power management method according to (6), wherein when the surplus power actually occurs, the generated first identification information is transmitted to the communication terminal of the second user designated by the designation information.

  (11) In the power management system, the supply / demand balance of power is adjusted for each time period, and the power supply device is configured to perform the first power supply within the same time period as the time period during which the surplus power is supplied from the power generation device to the power system. The power management method according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein power is supplied.

  (12) The power supplied to the power system is measured among the power generated by the power generation device within the period from the start of the time period including the first time to the first time, and the measured power is used as the surplus power. The power management method according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the first power that is identified and less than the amount of surplus power is specified and supplied to the load device.

  (13) Power obtained by adding, to the surplus power, predicted surplus power estimated to be supplied to the power system among power estimated to be generated by the power generation device within a period from the first time to the end of the time period. Is specified as new surplus power, and the first power equal to or less than the amount of new surplus power is supplied to the load device (12).

  (14) A power management system including a power generation device connected to a power system, and a power supply device connected to the power system and supplying power to a load device, wherein the power system includes power generated by the power generation device. Through a specifying unit that specifies surplus power that is power to be supplied, a generating unit that generates first identification information associated with the surplus power, and the power supply apparatus that has acquired the generated first identification information, A power management system comprising: a power supply unit that supplies a first power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power associated with the first identification information from the power system to the load device.

  According to the above (1), the power management system supplies (reverse power flow) surplus power generated at the user's (customer's) home to the power system, while the power management system supplies power from the power grid at a location different from the user's home. Supply. Thereby, as a surplus power use for the user, there is a use in which the user himself / herself is supplied with power for surplus power in another place in addition to the use of selling power. Therefore, the power management system can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

  According to (2) above, the power management system is not charged for the power supplied by the power supply apparatus. Since the power management system manages that the power supplied by the power supply apparatus is covered by surplus power, it does not charge the user for the power supplied by the power supply apparatus. Therefore, the user can utilize surplus power more flexibly without newly incurring a financial burden.

  According to (3) above, the power management system does not accept a charge for the power supplied by the power supply apparatus. The power management system manages that the power supplied by the power supply apparatus is covered by surplus power, and therefore does not accept the charge for the power supplied by the power supply apparatus from the user. Therefore, the user can utilize surplus power more flexibly without newly incurring a financial burden.

  According to (4) above, the power management system provides the user with the amount obtained by subtracting the amount of power supplied by the power supply apparatus from the consideration for the surplus power. Therefore, the user can utilize surplus power more flexibly without newly incurring a financial burden.

  According to (5) above, the power management system supplies power to the load device when the first identification information is input to the power supply device. The user can supply power to the load device by inputting the first identification information to the power supply device. In this way, the timing for supplying power to the load device can be easily understood intuitively, and convenience is improved.

  According to the above (6), the power management system supplies the surplus power generated at the home of the user (first user) to the power system (reverse power flow), while the user (second user) who does not have the power generation device ) Can receive power supply from the power system. Thereby, the user who does not own a power generator can also use surplus electric power.

  According to (7) above, the power management system prohibits the first user after transmitting the first identification information to the second user from supplying power from the power supply apparatus to the load apparatus using the first identification information. Can do. That is, the power management system can appropriately transfer or transfer the identification information from the first user to the second user.

  According to (8) above, in the power management system, the second user is allowed to supply power to the load device using the second identification information, while the first user is prohibited from supplying power to the load device. . That is, the power management system can appropriately transfer or transfer the identification information from the first user to the second user.

  According to (9) above, the communication terminal that has received the identification information can supply power from the power supply apparatus to the load apparatus based on the surplus power actually generated.

  According to (10) above, the communication terminal that has received the identification information acquires the identification information without going through the communication terminal, and performs power supply from the power supply apparatus to the load apparatus based on the surplus power actually generated. be able to.

  According to (11) above, the power management system can supply power to the load device without disrupting the supply-demand balance within the time limit. As a result, an increase in power procurement costs at retailers is avoided.

  According to the above (12), the power management system can supply the load device with the power of the surplus power actually generated within the time limit. As a result, an increase in power procurement costs at retailers is avoided.

  According to the above (13), the power management system can supply the load device with the power corresponding to the sum of the surplus power actually generated within the time period and the surplus power estimated to be generated within the time period. it can. As a result, an increase in power procurement costs at retailers is avoided.

  According to said (14), there exists an effect similar to the above.

  As mentioned above, although the power management system etc. which concern on one or several aspects were demonstrated based on embodiment, this invention is not limited to this embodiment. Unless it deviates from the gist of the present invention, various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art have been made in this embodiment, and forms constructed by combining components in different embodiments are also within the scope of one or more aspects. May be included.

  The present invention is applicable to a power management system that can utilize surplus power more flexibly.

1, 2, 3 Power management system 10 Power feeding device 11 Input IF
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Power supply part 13 Control part 20 User's U1 home 21 Electric power generation apparatus 22 Load apparatus 23, 25 Meter 24 Distribution board 31, 35 Communication terminal 32, 36 Load apparatus 40 Retailer 41 Power management apparatus 41A Specific part 41B Generation part 50 Transmission and distribution network 421 Power information acquisition unit 422 Surplus power amount identification unit 423 Communication unit 424 Power ID management unit 425 Power supply availability determination unit 426 Surplus power usage history management unit 427 Settlement processing unit U1, U2 User T10 Surplus power information table T20 Power ID Management table T30 Surplus power usage information table T40 Power information management table T50 Power supply device usage information table

Claims (20)

A power generation device corresponding to the first user identification information, a first load device used by a user of the first user identification information, and a power supply device that can supply power to the first load device and is installed at a location different from the power generation device A power management method in a power management system including:
From the meter that measures the surplus power that is the power that the power generator supplies to the power system among the power generated by the power generator, the surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power is input,
Inquiry about power supply using the surplus power from the first communication terminal used by the user of the first user identification information in the first time limit in a predetermined time unit is input in association with the first user identification information,
In response to the inquiry, the first power identification information for validating the power supply by the power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit is set to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit. Issued,
Transmitting the first power identification information and the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit to the first communication terminal;
In the power supply apparatus, in which the first power supply request indicating that the first load apparatus wants to receive power is input in association with the first power identification information, the first power supply less than the amount of surplus power is not charged. As power, the first load device is supplied,
Power management method. The first power supply request is input from the first communication terminal to the power supply device.
The power management method according to claim 1. Periodically input the surplus power value from the meter;
When the inquiry is input, the surplus power value corresponding to the input time from the start of the first time limit including the input time when the inquiry is input is accumulated, and the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is calculated. Generate,
The power management method according to claim 1. When the inquiry is input, the meter is requested to output the surplus power value corresponding to the first time limit including the input time when the inquiry is input,
When the surplus power value corresponding to the first time limit is input from the meter, the surplus power value corresponding to the first time limit is accumulated, and a cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is generated.
The power management method according to claim 1. The first power supply request includes a value indicating an amount of electric power to be supplied with power in the first load device.
The power management method according to claim 1. When the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum value, the first power identification information is not issued in association with the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit. Control,
The power management method according to claim 1. When the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum value, control is performed so that the first power identification information and the accumulated value are not transmitted to the first communication terminal in response to the inquiry. ,
The power management method according to claim 1. If the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is equal to or less than a predetermined minimum value, the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is equal to or less than the predetermined minimum value in response to the inquiry. Control to transmit a notification to the effect to the first communication terminal,
The power management method according to claim 1. An inquiry request including a value indicating the amount of power desired to be fed in the first load device is input from the power feeding device,
When the value included in the inquiry request exceeds the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, an instruction to prohibit the supply of power to the first load device is output to the power supply device.
The power management method according to claim 1. An inquiry request including a value indicating the amount of power desired to be fed in the first load device is input from the power feeding device,
When the value included in the inquiry request exceeds the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit, the first feeding power of the amount of power corresponding to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit Is supplied from the power supply device to the first load device as non-chargeable power,
The power management method according to claim 1. When the first time limit elapses, the power supply by the power supply apparatus using the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is performed, and management for invalidating the power supply based on the first power identification information is performed.
The power management method according to claim 1. The power management system further includes a second load device disposed in the same building as the power generation device, unlike the first load device,
The power obtained by subtracting the power used by the second load device from the power generated by the power generation device is the surplus power,
The power management method according to claim 1. When the power feeding device has not acquired the first power identification information, the second power feeding power to be charged is supplied from the power feeding device to the first load device.
The power management method according to claim 1. The power supply apparatus includes a reception unit that receives payment processing for a charge of the supplied power,
The power management method includes:
When the second feeding power is supplied, the payment process is received by the receiving unit,
When the first feeding power is supplied, the reception unit performs control not to accept the payment process.
The power management method according to claim 13. The power management method further includes:
Performing a calculation process for calculating a price corresponding to the amount of surplus power;
In the calculation process,
When the first feeding power is supplied from the feeding device to the first load device, a process of calculating a consideration corresponding to the amount of power obtained by subtracting the feeding amount of the first feeding power from the accumulated value of the surplus power. The power management method according to any one of claims 1 to 12. The accumulated value of the first power identification information and the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is used by a user of second user identification information different from the first user identification information from the first communication terminal. Transmitted to the communication terminal, and
A second load message indicating that a second load terminal used by the user of the second user identification information from the second communication terminal to the power supply apparatus is to receive power from a third load apparatus different from the first load apparatus. When a power supply request is sent,
In the power feeding device, the first power feeding power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power is supplied to the third load device as power that is not charged.
The power management method according to claim 1. Corresponding to the inquiry, the first power identification information and the temporary second power identification information different from the first power identification information correspond to the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first limit. Issued,
Transmitting the first power identification information, the second power identification information, and the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first limit to the first communication terminal;
The accumulated value of the second power identification information and the surplus power is transmitted from the first communication terminal to a second communication terminal used by a user of second user identification information different from the first user identification information,
A second power supply request is transmitted from the second communication terminal to the power supply device, which is used by the user of the second user identification information and wants to receive power supply in a second load device different from the first load device,
In the power feeding device, when the first power feeding power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power is supplied to the second load device as power that is not charged, the first power feeding power is supplied to the first load device. To prohibit
The power management method according to claim 1. The accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit is set to the surplus power value corresponding to the input time from the start of the first time limit including the input time when the inquiry is input, from the input time to the first time. Including the predicted cumulative value of surplus power up to the end of the time limit,
The power management method according to claim 1. A power generation device corresponding to the first user identification information, a first load device used by a user of the first user identification information, and a power supply device that can supply power to the first load device and is installed at a location different from the power generation device A power management system comprising:
The power management system includes:
From the meter that measures the surplus power that is the power that the power generator supplies to the power system among the power generated by the power generator, the surplus power value indicating the amount of surplus power is input,
Inquiry about power supply using the surplus power from the first communication terminal used by the user of the first user identification information in the first time limit in a predetermined time unit is input in association with the first user identification information,
In response to the inquiry, the first power identification information for validating the power supply by the power supply device using the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit is set to the accumulated value of the surplus power corresponding to the first temporary limit. Issued,
Transmitting the first power identification information and the cumulative value of the surplus power corresponding to the first time limit to the first communication terminal;
The power supply device
Input from the first communication terminal in association with the first power identification information a first power supply request that the first load device wants to receive power,
Supplying the first feeding power equal to or less than the amount of surplus power to the first load device as power not to be charged;
Power management system.   A power feeding device connected to the power management system according to claim 19.

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