JP2009276904A - Project management device, project management method, project management program and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a project management device, a project management method, a project management program and a recording medium, making project management easy-to-perform by paying attention to an actual work period wherein an executor of a task actually performs work in an execution period wherein the task has to be executed. <P>SOLUTION: This project management device registering attribute information of a task in each task in a database of the project management device and managing a project includes: a registration means registering, into the database, the attribute information including execution period information of the execution period wherein the task has to be executed in each task and actual work period information of the period wherein the task executor actually performs the work inside the execution period; an information extraction means extracting the attribute information registered in the database; an information calculation means calculating information related to the actual work period based on the extracted attribute information; and an output screen creation means creating an output screen including output display of the information related to the actual work period. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to the fields of a project management apparatus, a project management method, a project management program, and a recording medium.

  In recent years, project management tools and task management tools have come to be frequently used as tools for managing the work of individuals and project teams in companies and the like. These tools have the advantage that the progress of the project and work can be shared by all members by sharing the progress of the project among multiple members. Further, in the case of a task management system connected to a network, members can easily view the progress of the project from each network terminal.

  Many of these task management tools employ a technique of hierarchically managing projects by dividing a project to be executed into task units. The entire project is divided into small tasks (tasks) to be executed. Such a project management method is called WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) and is one of methods used when planning in project management. Dividing tasks into the WBS method is convenient because consistency of schedules between tasks (for example, a parent task and a child task) is managed, and schedule inconsistency due to hierarchization does not occur.

  First, when creating (registering) a task, generally, the person in charge of the task, the content of the task, the start date on which the task should be started, the implementation period (process period) on which the task should be performed, and other attributes Registered as information. The registered task can be browsed by the members from the network terminal or the like as described above. As an example of the browsing mode, there is browsing by a Gantt chart display. The Gantt chart is a chart in which the vertical axis represents each task, the horizontal axis represents time, that is, the start date and execution period of the task corresponding to each task are displayed in a bar shape together with a calendar and the like. By using the Gantt chart, project managers and members can visualize task balance, work load status, taking into account overlapping periods, project progress management, reviewing plans, etc. It can be done easily.

Examples of the invention relating to such a project management tool include the following. The invention described in Patent Document 1 is to provide a scheduling support system that supports efficient schedule management using a tool for managing a personal schedule such as a task list and a schedule table. In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 2 automatically drafts an optimal work schedule plan that matches the actual work form even in the case of complicated process calculations that exceed the limits of the person in charge of the schedule plan. While observing the start date and delivery date, level the load on each day as much as possible.
JP 2006-146530 A JP 05-197573 A

However, in the conventional project management tool or the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, only the task start date and the execution period are focused on as attribute information related to the period during which the task should be executed. Therefore, depending on the content of the task, even if the Gantt chart is used in the following cases, for example, it is inconvenient because it is not possible to accurately visualize the balance of task distribution taking into account overlapping periods and the workload status of work. Met.
1. If most of the work is automated, it is a task related to quality testing, such as software development. In cases where software quality testing is automated, once the test environment is established, the computer will then perform the test, and the person in charge will simply wait until the test is complete. Even if the actual work of the person in charge is completed in about one day by building a test environment etc., the size of the software will increase, and if the corresponding operation system and platform are diverse, automatic testing may take several days. In other words, the actual work period in which the person in charge is restricted is one day, but the execution period of the entire task is registered on the project management tool as one week.
2. When it takes time to negotiate with other companies or other departments In the case of tasks related to other companies or other departments, there is a waiting time for the other party's response or response. In the case of such a task, the person in charge often predicts not only the actual work period actually required, but also the period during which the other party will receive a response, and registers the total of the periods as the task period. This case is also a case where the working period in which the person in charge is restrained in the implementation period of the entire task is only one of these periods.

  In this way, in the case of a type of task where the actual work period or work period of the person in charge is only one period, the execution period can be grasped even if the task is displayed on the Gantt chart etc., but the actual work period or work period As a result, the project managers and members could not accurately grasp the task distribution balance and work load situation taking into account overlapping periods. Further, when the actual work period or the actual work period is mixed with a task of a type that requires 100% of the task execution period, it is more difficult to grasp the work load situation.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in view of the above problems, a project management apparatus and a project that make it easy to manage a project by focusing on an actual work period in which a task performer actually performs work in an execution period in which the task is to be performed It is an object to provide a management method, a project management program, and a recording medium.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the project management apparatus according to the present invention registers a task attribute information for each task in the database provided and manages the project, and the task should be executed for each task. Registration means for registering in the database the attribute information including execution period information and actual work period information that is a period during which the task performer actually performs work within the execution period; and the attribute registered in the database Information extracting means for extracting information, information calculating means for calculating information relating to the actual work period based on the attribute information extracted by the information extracting means, and information relating to the actual work period calculated by the information calculating means Output screen creating means for creating an output screen including an output display of information.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the project management apparatus according to the present invention, the information on the actual work period includes the total period of the actual work period, the standby period that is not accompanied by the actual work, and the actual work period in the execution period. Or a ratio of a waiting period occupying the implementation period.

  In order to solve the above problem, in the project management apparatus according to the present invention, information on the actual work period calculated by the information calculation unit is registered in the database as task attribute information, and the output screen creation unit includes: An output screen including an output display of information relating to the actual work period registered in the database is created.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the project management apparatus according to the present invention, the output screen creation means creates a Gantt chart, and the Gantt chart includes an implementation period and an implementation period in a time axis direction for each task. The actual work time at is displayed.

  In addition, what applied the arbitrary combination of the component of this invention, expression, or a component to a method, an apparatus, a system, a computer program, a recording medium, etc. is also effective as an aspect of this invention.

  According to the present invention, a project management apparatus, a project management method, a project management program, and a project management apparatus that make it easy to manage a project focusing on an actual work period in which a task performer actually performs work in an execution period in which the task is to be performed, And a recording medium can be provided.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in each embodiment.

(Network configuration)
First, before describing specific contents of the present invention, a network configuration for carrying out the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a network diagram in which a project management server 1 and a PC (Personal Computer) 2 according to the present invention are connected via a network 3. The project management server 1 is a project management server (project management device) according to the present invention. The project management server 1 will be described later. The PC 2 is a terminal on which a user performs project management using the project management server 1 via the network 3, and is a general PC. The network 3 is a network including wired and wireless. FIG. 1 shows a configuration for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and there may be any number of PCs.

  In addition, when there are a large number of users who use the project management server 1 and the number of tasks to be handled, the project management servers 1 may be configured in a distributed manner. For example, when the function provided by the project management server 1 is configured as a Web application, the present invention can be applied to a large-scale distributed system by managing data distributed to a plurality of Web application servers and a plurality of database servers. it can. When a single user uses the project management server 1, the personal computer can serve as the project management server 1 and the PC 2 and the present invention can be implemented on a single computer.

(Project management server)
FIG. 2 is a hardware configuration diagram showing a main configuration of an embodiment of the project management server 1 according to the present invention. The project management server 1 includes, as main components, a CPU 201, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 202, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 203, an auxiliary storage device 204, a storage medium reading device 205, an input device 206, a display device 207, and a communication. The configuration includes the device 208.

  The CPU 201 is composed of a microprocessor and its peripheral circuits, and is a circuit that controls the entire project management server 1. The ROM 202 is a memory that stores a predetermined control program (software component) executed by the CPU 201. The RAM 203 executes various control operations by the CPU 201 executing a predetermined control program (software component) stored in the ROM 202. This is a memory used as a work area (work area) when performing.

  The auxiliary storage device 204 is a device that stores various information including information related to a project such as a general-purpose OS (Operating System), a project management program according to the present invention, and task information, and is an HDD (Hard Disk) that is a nonvolatile storage device. Drive) is used. In addition to the auxiliary storage device 204, the various types of information may be stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk-ROM) and a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), and other media. Various information stored in the storage medium can be read via a drive device such as the storage medium reader 205. Therefore, various information can be obtained by setting the recording medium in the storage medium reader 205 as necessary.

  The input device 206 is a device for the user to perform various input operations. The input device 206 includes a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel switch provided so as to be superimposed on the display screen of the display device 207, and the like.

  The display device 207 is a device that displays various data related to project management on a display screen. For example, it is composed of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and the like.

  Next, the communication device 3 is a device that communicates with the PC 2 via a network. Supports communication according to various network forms including wired and wireless networks.

(Project management server functions)
The project management server 1 according to the present invention includes a database that stores task information, and manages attribute information for each task. The attribute information includes the actual work period in addition to information such as the person who performs the task, the content of the task, the start date (and the end date) at which the task should be started, and the execution period during which the task should be performed. ing. The project management server 1 provides a project management function focusing on an actual work period in which a task performer actually performs work during an execution period in which the task is to be performed. This will be described in detail below.

  FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing main functions of an embodiment of the project management server 1 according to the present invention. The project management server 1 includes a task registration unit 301, a storage unit 302, a database 303 stored in the storage unit 303, an information extraction unit 304, an information calculation unit 305, and an output screen creation unit 306 as main functions. . Since the project management server 1 is a server (device) that provides a project management function, the project management server 1 generally relates to project management that the project management server has such as a function for managing tasks and a display function for displaying tasks to the user. The function is naturally provided (not shown).

  The task registration unit 301 performs task registration by inputting user task information. The input task information is registered (stored) in the database 303. In addition, an interface for performing tasks such as (new) registration of a task, deletion of a task, change of a task, and addition / modification / deletion of information related to a task performed by a user is provided. Specifically, a registration screen for performing settings to be described later is provided to the PC 2. The task information input via the registration screen is registered in the database 303.

  The storage unit 302 stores a database 303. Task information necessary for task management is registered in the database 303. The task information includes task attribute information.

  The information extraction unit 304 extracts data from the database 303. For example, the attribute information of the corresponding task is extracted from the database 303 by a data inquiry language called SQL.

  The information calculation unit 305 acquires the attribute information of the corresponding task extracted by the information extraction unit 304, and calculates information on the actual work period based on the attribute information. Specifically, the total period of the actual work period, the standby period that is not accompanied by the actual work, the ratio or ratio of the actual work period in the execution period, the ratio or ratio of the standby period in the execution period, and the like are calculated.

  The output screen creation unit 306 creates (draws) an output (display) screen including output (display) of information related to the actual work period. For example, a Gantt chart screen displayed including information on the actual work period is created.

  Note that these functions are actually realized by a program (project management program) executed by the CPU 201.

<Example>
Based on the above, one usage pattern of the project management server 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

(Task registration)
FIG. 4 shows an example of a new “task registration screen”. The user accesses the project management server 1 from the PC 2 via the network 3, calls the “task registration screen”, and registers a task (creates a new task). Of course, the same operation from the project management server 1 can be performed by directly calling the “task registration screen” on the display unit of the project management server 1. The “task registration screen” is provided by the task registration unit 301. The task registration unit 301 registers (stores) the attribute information of the task input on the “task registration screen” in the database 303. The “task registration screen” will be briefly described below.

  On the “task registration screen”, the user first inputs “task name” 401. In this embodiment, a task name “Request for quotation” is input. Next, a “person in charge” 402 that is a person in charge who performs (performs) the task is input. For example, it is assumed that “Ichiro Suzuki” is input.

Next, “start date” 403 is input. For example, it is assumed that “2007/6/4” is input. Similarly, an “end date” 404 is input. For example, it is assumed that “2007/6/8” is input. A calendar function for assisting the input of the date may be provided. Next, an “execution period” 405 that is a period during which the task is to be executed is input. For example, it is assumed that “5 days” is set. Of course, it may be automatically input based on “start date” 403 and “end date” 404.
Next, “actual work period” 406 is input after clicking the selection button. The “actual work period” is a period during which the task performer (person in charge) actually performs work within the “implementation period” in which the task is to be performed. If it demonstrates using the example of the test of quality in the above-mentioned software development etc., it will correspond to the period which builds a test environment. For example, it is assumed that the input is “1, 5 days”. This means that the first day and the fifth day are “actual work periods”. Also, it is possible to input in the input format “1-3 days”. In this case, it means that the period from the first day to the third day is the “actual work period”.

  Here, when the “actual work period” 406 is not input, the “waiting period” 407 is input. That is, the “actual work period” 406 and the “waiting period” 407 are input items that can be selected by a selection button. The “waiting period” is a period in which the task performer (person in charge) does not accompany the actual work within the “execution period” in which the task is to be performed. Again, using an example of a quality test in software development or the like, this corresponds to a period during which the computer performs a test (automatic test period). The input format may be the same format as described in “actual work period” 406.

  Lastly, “task content / memo” 408 is a remarks column that can be entered as text or the like. As described above, after the task attribute information is input on the “task registration screen”, the information is registered in the database 303 by pressing the “register” button.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart regarding the “actual work period” at the time of task registration. If “actual work period” 406 is selected (select button) in step 501, the process proceeds to step S502. In step S502, the “actual work period” 406 can be input. In step S502, the inputted “actual work period” 406 is stored in the “actual work period” of the database at the time of task registration.

  On the other hand, in step S 504, “standby period” 407 can be input. In step S505, a period obtained by subtracting the input “waiting period” 407 from the input “execution period” 405 is stored in the “actual work period” of the database at the time of task registration.

(Database)
FIG. 6 is an example of a diagram illustrating how attribute information is stored for each task in the database 303. As an example, “task ID” 601, “task name” 401, “person in charge” 402, “start date” 403, “execution period” 405, “actual work period” 406, “task content / memo” 408, etc. Stores attribute information. The “task ID” 601 is an ID that is uniquely assigned to each task, is an ID that manages the task, and is also used when a parent task and a child task are associated with each other. The other attribute information below the “task name” 401 is as described above and will not be described, but naturally corresponds to the item input on the “task registration screen” in FIG. In particular, a task whose “task ID” is “5” indicates a task in which the item content input on the “task registration screen” in FIG. 4 is registered.

  Note that the task attribute information registered in the database 303 is the one shown in FIG. 6 as an example, but other attribute information may be registered. For example, as will be described later, the total actual work period, the standby period, or the ratio or ratio of the total actual work period (or the standby period) in the execution period is calculated, and these are also stored in the database 303 as attribute information. It may be registered. If comprised in this way, it will not be calculated after the 2nd time but these data can be acquired rapidly. In this embodiment, from the viewpoint of reducing the amount of information registered (stored) in the database 303, attribute information that can be calculated from known information is not registered.

  This completes the description from task registration until attribute information is stored in the database. Next, the operation of the project management server 1 when the user browses (views a request for) a certain task from the PC 2 will be described.

(Operation)
FIG. 7 is a flowchart for describing processing performed by the information calculation unit 305. As described above, the information extraction unit 304 extracts the attribute information of the corresponding task from the database 303 and passes it to the information calculation unit 305. The information calculation unit 305 acquires the attribute information of the corresponding task extracted by the information extraction unit 304, and calculates information on the actual work period based on the attribute information. Specifically, a total period of actual work periods, a standby period that is not accompanied by actual work, or a ratio or ratio of an actual work period (or standby period) in the execution period is calculated. Note that the corresponding task is a task that the user browses (browsing request) from the PC 2.

  Hereinafter, the processing performed by the information calculation unit 305 will be described with reference to FIG. The processing subject is the information calculation unit 305. Further, the information calculation unit 305 acquires attribute information of at least “start date” 403, “implementation period” 405, and “actual work period” 406.

  In steps S701 and S702, the value of “actual work period” 406 is decomposed to calculate the actual work period. The “actual work period” is stored in a format such as “1”, “1, 5”, “1-3”, for example. Since “1” has a single actual work period, the actual work period is one day. Since “1, 5” has two actual work periods, the actual work period is two days. “1-3” is input in consecutive periods. In this case, since the actual work period is from the first day to the third day, the actual work period is 3 days.

  Proceeding to step S703, the actual work period total value is calculated. For example, for actual work periods stored as “1”, “1, 5”, and “1-3”, the actual work period total values are “1”, “2”, and “3”, respectively. is there. In addition, for the case where the actual work period is stored as “1-2, 10” (example of task ID 3), the actual work period total value is “3”.

Proceeding to step S704, the standby period total value is calculated. The total waiting period is
It can be calculated by the total value of the waiting period = implementation period-actual work period.

Proceeding to step S705, the actual work period rate is calculated. Actual work rate is
It can be calculated by the actual work period rate = the total value of the actual work period / the execution period.

In step S706, a standby period rate is calculated. The waiting period rate is
It can be calculated by the standby period rate = the total standby period value / the implementation period.

  If the above processing is applied to the task name “estimation request” with the task ID “4”, the total actual work time value = 2, the total standby period value = 3, the actual work period rate = 40%, the standby Period ratio = 60%.

(View detailed task information)
FIG. 8 is an example of a screen output (displayed) for the task detailed information. Specifically, it is an example of a screen that is output (displayed) as a result of a user browsing (browsing request) for a certain task from the PC 2. This browsing screen is provided by the output screen creation unit 306.
The output screen creation unit 306 creates (draws) an output (display) screen including output (display) of information related to the actual work period calculated by the information calculation unit 305.

  In FIG. 8, “total actual work period” 801, “actual work period rate” 802, “total standby period” 803, and “waiting period rate” 804 are output (displayed). The values of these items are information related to the actual work period calculated by the information calculation unit 305. In the implementation period, it is possible to grasp how long the person in charge has performed the actual work.

  Next, FIG. 9 shows an example of a screen that is output (displayed) on the Gantt chart for the task detailed information. In the Gantt chart, the vertical axis indicates each task, and the horizontal axis indicates the execution period from the start date to the end date of the task corresponding to each task in a bar shape. The bar-like display also displays the actual work period within the implementation period so that it can be visually grasped. If a bar-like display portion is clicked, the task detailed information screen shown in FIG. 7 is displayed, and the details of the task can be grasped.

  More specifically, for example, in the task with the task name “request for quotation” whose task ID is “4”, the implementation period is 5 days from June 4, 2007 to June 8, 2007. It can also be understood that the actual work period is the first day of June 4, 2007 and the last day of June 8, 2007. The middle day of the three days is a so-called standby period. During the waiting period, it is understood that the person in charge “Ichiro Suzuki” cannot take time for the task. For example, if the project manager displays only the task execution period as in a conventional project management tool, the person in charge “Ichiro Suzuki” will be from June 4, 2007 to June 8, 2007. There is a possibility that it is determined that the task (task) cannot be allocated to other tasks (tasks) for the five days up to the date because the task is “quotation request”. However, the actual person in charge “Ichiro Suzuki” does not have time for the “Request for Quotation” task for three days in the middle of the day. It becomes possible to allocate other tasks during this period. In this way, the project manager can easily grasp the actual work period of the person in charge of the task, thereby effectively using the waiting period (hours) and allocating other work. Project execution.

  In this way, by using the Gantt chart by the project management server 1 of the present invention, the project manager and members can visualize the balance of task distribution, taking into account duplication of the period, and the work load status, It is easy to manage the progress of the project and review the plan.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the project management apparatus, the project management method, and the project management that facilitate the project management focusing on the actual work period in which the task performer actually performs the work in the execution period in which the task is to be performed. A program and a recording medium can be provided.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. For example, in this embodiment, the execution period and actual work period are expressed as “period” and the work period of the task is handled in units of one day. Of course, this is expressed as “time” and the task is performed in units of one hour. Variations such as managing the construction period are also possible.

It is an example of the network block diagram of the project management server 1 by this invention. It is a hardware diagram which shows the main structures of one Embodiment of the project management server 1 by this invention. It is a functional block diagram which shows the main functions of one Embodiment of the project management server 1 by this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a task registration screen. It is a flowchart regarding the actual work period at the time of task registration. It is an example of the figure which shows a mode that attribute information is stored for every task in a database. It is a flowchart explaining the process which an information calculation part performs. It is an example of the screen output about task detailed information. It is an example of the screen output to the Gantt chart.

Explanation of symbols

1 Project management server 2 PC
3 Network 201 CPU
202 ROM
203 RAM
204 Auxiliary storage device 205 Storage medium reading device 206 Input device 207 Display device 208 Communication device 301 Task registration unit 302 Storage unit 303 Database 304 Information extraction unit 305 Information calculation unit 306 Output screen creation unit

Claims (10)

In the project management device that manages the project by registering task attribute information for each task in the database provided,
Registration means for registering, in the database, the attribute information including execution period information for each task to be executed and actual work period information that is a period during which the task performer actually performs work within the execution period. When,
Information extracting means for extracting the attribute information registered in the database;
Based on the attribute information extracted by the information extraction means, information calculation means for calculating information on the actual work period;
An output screen creating means for creating an output screen including an output display of information on the actual work period calculated by the information calculating means;
A project management apparatus comprising: The information on the actual work period includes the total period of the actual work period, the standby period that is not accompanied by the actual work, the ratio or ratio of the actual work period in the implementation period, or the ratio or ratio of the standby period in the implementation period. Being at least one of
The project management apparatus according to claim 1. Information on the actual work period calculated by the information calculation means is registered in the database as task attribute information,
The output screen creating means creates an output screen including an output display of information on the actual work period registered in the database;
The project management device according to claim 1, wherein The output screen creation means creates a Gantt chart,
In the Gantt chart, for each task, an execution period and an actual work time in the execution period are displayed in the time axis direction.
The project management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In the project management method in the project management device that manages the project by registering the task attribute information for each task in the database provided,
Computer
Registration procedure for registering in the database the attribute information including, for each task, execution period information on which the task is to be executed and actual work period information that is a period during which the task performer actually performs work within the execution period When,
An information extraction procedure for extracting the attribute information registered in the database;
An information calculation procedure for calculating information on an actual work period based on the attribute information extracted by the information extraction procedure;
An output screen creation procedure for creating an output screen including an output display of information related to the actual work period calculated by the information calculation procedure;
A project management method characterized by comprising: The information on the actual work period includes the total period of the actual work period, the standby period that is not accompanied by the actual work, the ratio or ratio of the actual work period in the implementation period, or the ratio or ratio of the standby period in the implementation period. Being at least one of
The project management method according to claim 5. Information on the actual work period calculated by the information calculation procedure is registered in the database as task attribute information,
The output screen creation procedure creates an output screen including an output display of information related to the actual work period registered in the database;
The project management method according to claim 5 or 6. The output screen creation procedure creates a Gantt chart,
In the Gantt chart, for each task, an execution period and an actual work time in the execution period are displayed in the time axis direction.
The project management method according to any one of claims 5 to 7.   A project management program for causing a computer to execute the project management method according to claim 5.   A computer-readable recording medium on which the project management program according to claim 9 is recorded.

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