JP2006195084A - Display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display apparatus designed to reduce sense of incongruity of an image to be displayed and to reduce intoxication of an observer even when the apparatus is used for a long time. <P>SOLUTION: A crystalline lens thickness measurement section 43 measures the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 of an eyeball 31. From the thickness of the crystalline lens 45, the focal distance of a retina 32 is obtained. The image signal processing circuit 39 converts image information inputted from an input section 38 into a power source modulation signal and a scan control signal so that an image to which distance information corresponding to the distance has been added is clearly displayed. A power source driver 41 and a scan driver 42 drive a power source component 33 and an optical scan component 34 respectively, thereby emitting light for showing an image on the eyeball 31. Thus, the distance that an observer is going to watch and the distance of an image that the observer recognizes match. This reduces sense of incongruity of a displayed image and reduces intoxication of an observer even when the display apparatus is used for a long time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device that is arranged at a distance of several centimeters to several tens of centimeters from an eyeball and that allows a user to recognize an image by irradiating the eyeball with light based on image information.

  FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the display device 1 of the first conventional technique. In the first conventional technique, light emitted from the point light source 2 passes through the transmissive film 3 and is collected by the lens 4. The condensed light reaches the retina 6 through the pupil 5, and the same image as the film is projected onto the retina 6.

  In the first prior art, since the light path of the light emitted from the point light source 2 is limited to one, the image formed by the film 3 reaches the retina without blurring. Therefore, regardless of the user's eyesight, or whatever thickness the user's lens is, i.e., whether the user is looking near or looking far, A simple image can be recognized (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the display device 7 of the second conventional technique. In the second conventional technique, the light emitted from the light source 8 is collected by the first lens 9. The light emitted from the light source 8 is scanned by, for example, a raster pattern by the scanning system 10 in the process of condensing, and is focused on the exit pupil enlarging element 11. The exit pupil enlarging element 11 is an optical element that expands once condensed light, which is realized by a diffraction grating, a diffusion plate, a lens array, a fiber face plate, and the like. The light collected by the first lens 9 is expanded by an optical element that expands the light and travels toward the second lens 12. The light passing through the second lens 12 becomes parallel light having a width for each pixel and travels toward the eyeball 13. The light passing through the pupil from the cornea is collected on the crystalline lens 14 and focused on the retina 15 to form an image (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In the first conventional technique, the light collected by the lens 4 needs to pass through the pupil 5. For this reason, when the position of the pupil 5 changes due to the eye movement of the observer and the displacement of the display, there is a problem in that light does not pass through the pupil and the image cannot be recognized. Then, the exit pupil enlarging element 11 and the second lens 12 make the light for each pixel parallel light having a width, that is, by increasing the diameter of the exit pupil, the range of the width of the parallel light is reduced by eye movement and It is possible to recognize an image even if the pupil position is shifted due to a display position shift or the like.

  FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the display device 16 of the third prior art. In the third conventional technique, light emitted from the plurality of point light sources 17 is collected on the liquid crystal display 19 by the first lens 18, modulated by the liquid crystal display 19, and directed to the second lens 20. The second lens 20 guides the light emitted from each light source 17 to the eyeball 21 as parallel light having a width. Of the parallel light, the light passing through the pupil is collected by the crystalline lens and forms an image on the retina. In the third conventional technique, as in the second conventional technique, the light of each pixel is guided as parallel light having a width in the vicinity of the eyeball. Even if there is, it is possible to see the video.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-136818 US Pat. No. 6,157,352 JP 2004-157173 A

  The common point between the second and third conventional techniques is that the light guided to the eyeball is either parallel light or close to it. When the collimated light is collected by the crystalline lens, it is necessary to make the crystalline lens the thinnest, that is, the eye is in a state of looking far away. Actually, the thickness of the crystalline lens hardly changes when looking at a lens having a distance of about 1 m or more. In other words, if the eye is looking at a distance of 1 m or more, the focused state can always be maintained. This feature is a significant advantage in the first to third prior arts, and an image can be clearly seen without the need for almost adjusting the crystalline lens. it can.

  However, the features of the second and third prior arts described above also have the following drawbacks as in the first prior art. People get a sense of distance from various information, such as parallax with both eyes, image overlap, and comparison with the length of their hands, but also get a sense of distance by adjusting the focus with the lens. . In other words, a person recognizes that an object that is in focus when looking into the distance is far away, and that an object that is in focus when looking into the vicinity is near.

  However, in the first to third conventional techniques, since the focus is in any eye state, the observer cannot recognize what distance the image is. Since the image is blurred when the eye is looking very close, the observer can recognize only that the image is not close, but as long as he is looking far beyond a certain distance, what kind of eye condition is there? However, there is a problem that it is difficult to grasp the sense of distance because it is in focus.

  Such a problem is recognized as a sense of incongruity whether the image is viewed with a single eye or a stereoscopic image is viewed with both eyes. This causes a problem that the observer “gets drunk” in a situation where the camera is used continuously for a long time. In addition, when viewing stereoscopic images with both eyes, the sense of distance recognized by the parallax does not match the sense of distance felt from the focus of the eyes, so that the observer still feels uncomfortable or produces “drunk” There is a problem that.

  On the contrary, depending on how the display device is used, the observer may always want to recognize an image that is in focus, regardless of the distance the eye is looking at. For example, when it is necessary to frequently and alternately see the actual object and the character information displayed by the display device, such as comparing the repair target device with the drawing, changing the focus one by one It can be a cause. In such a case, it is more effective to make the image always in focus rather than having the observer recognize exactly where the distance is.

  In the second and third conventional techniques described above, it is assumed that the light incident on the pupil is substantially parallel light in order to cope with changes in the pupil position due to eye movement and display displacement. Incident light does not focus on the retina when looking near. Therefore, when trying to see the image clearly, the observer needs to look into the distance, and when looking at the image displayed by the display device from the state of looking at the near real object, the thickness of the crystalline lens is reduced. There is a problem that it is necessary to adjust the focus by changing, which leads to eye fatigue.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device in which a sense of incongruity of a displayed image is reduced, and an observer can be prevented from getting drunk even when used continuously for a long time.

The present invention provides an input means for inputting first image information representing an image including a plurality of image portions having different distances from each other;
Distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
Of the image represented by the first image information input by the input means, the first image information is subjected to image processing so that other image portions excluding the image portion of the distance corresponding to the distance obtained by the distance measurement means are blurred, Image processing means for generating second image information;
An illuminating unit that irradiates an eyeball with an image represented by the second image information based on the second image information generated by the image generating unit.

  Further, according to the present invention, the degree of blurring of the image processing unit changes in accordance with the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit for an image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit. The second image information is generated as described above.

  According to the present invention, the image processing unit is more blurred as the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit increases with respect to an image portion having a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit. The second image information is generated as described above.

  In addition, the present invention includes a changing unit that changes a degree to which an image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit is blurred.

The present invention also includes an input means for inputting first image information representing an image,
Distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
When the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is a distance within a predetermined range, the image represented by the image information input by the input means becomes clear, and the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not the distance within the predetermined range. In this case, image processing means for performing image processing on the first image information so as to blur the image represented by the image information input by the input means to generate second image information;
An illuminating unit that irradiates the eyeball with an image represented by the second image information based on the second image information generated by the image generating unit.

  The present invention is characterized by further comprising setting means for setting the distance within the predetermined range.

  In the present invention, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is selected from 1 cm to less than 10 m.

  Further, in the present invention, when the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not a distance within a predetermined range, the distance obtained by the distance measuring means has a large amount of deviation from the distance within the predetermined range. The eyeball is irradiated with light based on the image information input by the input means so that the degree of blurring is not so large.

  In addition, the present invention includes a changing unit that changes the degree of blurring of the image when the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit is not within a predetermined range.

The present invention also includes an input means for inputting image information representing an image;
An irradiating means for irradiating the eyeball with an image represented by the image information based on the image information input by the input means;
Distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
And a light adjusting means capable of adjusting the parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball so that the light emitted by the irradiating means is focused on the retina based on the distance obtained by the distance measuring means. Display device.

  Further, the invention is characterized in that the light adjusting means always adjusts the parallelism of the light while the light source emits light based on image information.

Further, the present invention has a selection means for selecting whether or not to adjust the parallelism of the light by the light adjustment means,
The irradiating means has a parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball so that the light irradiated by the irradiating means is focused on the retina only when the adjusting means is selected to adjust the parallelism of the light. It is characterized by adjusting.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body.

  According to the present invention, the distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. It is characterized by that.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body.

  According to the present invention, the distance measuring means obtains the distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. It is characterized by.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and light reflected by the retina.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the reflected light reflected by the retina. .

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by detecting a phase difference of each reflected light.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit detects the phase difference between the reflected lights based on the light intensity after the reflected lights interfere.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on the fact that the intensity of each reflected light varies depending on the wavelength of the reflected light.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light in a visible region.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light outside the visible region.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by using light irradiated to the eyeball by the irradiating unit.

The present invention also includes line-of-sight detection means for detecting the direction of the line of sight,
The distance measuring unit corrects a distance at which the retina is focused based on a detection result of the line-of-sight detection unit.

The present invention also includes line-of-sight detection means for detecting the direction of the line of sight,
The distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by light parallel to the direction of the line of sight based on a detection result of the line of sight detecting unit.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the distance measuring unit selects and uses light parallel to the direction of the line of sight among the light emitted from the irradiation unit to the eyeball.

  According to the present invention, the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball, and the image processing unit removes an image portion having a distance corresponding to the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit. Second image information is generated so that the image portion is blurred. When the irradiation unit irradiates the eyeball with the image represented by the second image information, the observer recognizes the image portion of the distance corresponding to the distance obtained by the distance measurement unit as a clear image, and other image portions. Can be recognized as a blurred image. Therefore, it is possible to make the observer clearly recognize only the image that should be seen at a distance that is in focus on the retina of the observer, in other words, in the same way as an image that the observer recognizes with the object in focus. , Video can be recognized. The distance that the observer wants to see and the image irradiated to the eyeball match in distance, which reduces the sense of discomfort in the image recognized by the observer and makes the observer drunk even when used continuously for a long time It will be reduced. Moreover, since the image can be recognized in the same manner as when the observer sees the actual object, the observer can obtain a sense of reality.

  Further, according to the present invention, the degree of blurring of the image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit according to the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit. Since the second image information is generated so as to change, the observer who recognizes the image representing the second image information can be recognized so that the distances are different in a plurality of image portions. As a result, the observer can recognize the image represented by the second image information in the same manner as when the object is actually viewed.

  According to the present invention, the image processing unit is more blurred as the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit increases with respect to the image portion having a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit. Since the second image information is generated so as to be larger, the viewer who recognizes the image representing the second image information is more blurred as the distance from the distance at which the retina is focused on the plurality of image portions. Can be recognized. As a result, the observer can recognize the image represented by the second image information in the same manner as when the object is actually viewed.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the degree of blurring of the image element can be changed by the changing unit, the image represented by the second image information can be made according to the preference of the observer.

  Further, according to the present invention, the image processing means makes the image represented by the first image information input by the input means clear and predetermined when the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is a distance within a predetermined range. When the distance is not within the range, the second image information is generated so that the image represented by the first image information is blurred. Irradiation means irradiates the eyeball with an image represented by the second image information based on the second image information. Thus, when the distance at which the retina is focused becomes a distance in a predetermined range, in other words, when the observer's eyes are in a state of viewing a distance in the predetermined range, the observer is represented by the second image information. Since the image can be clearly recognized, it is possible to reduce an observer's uncomfortable feeling in the sense of distance that it is impossible to know where the image is, and as a result, it is possible to reduce “drunk”.

  According to the invention, since the distance of the predetermined range can be set by the setting means, the distance of the predetermined range can be set according to the preference of the observer, and according to the preference of the observer. Displayed images.

  According to the present invention, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is selected to be 1 cm or more and less than 10 m. When the absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is less than 1 cm, the eyes are tired because it is necessary to finely control the focal point of the crystalline lens. In addition, when the absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is 10 m or more, the effect of blurring the image is not obtained unless the focus of the eye is greatly shifted, and the observer is sufficiently A sense of distance cannot be obtained. The absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is selected to be 1 cm or more and less than 10 m, thereby preventing eye fatigue due to viewing the image and allowing the observer to A sufficient sense of distance can be obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not a distance within a predetermined range, the distance obtained by the distance measuring means becomes more blurred as the amount of deviation from the distance within the predetermined range increases. In order to reduce the degree of the image to be displayed, by irradiating the eyeball with light based on the image information input by the input means so that the degree is not large, the degree of blurring the image is increased so as to be out of the predetermined distance range. A sense of distance and a sense of reality can be increased.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the degree of blurring of the image can be changed by the changing means, it is possible to display an image according to the viewer's preference.

  According to the invention, the irradiation unit irradiates the eyeball with light based on the image information input by the input unit so that the image represented by the image information is displayed, and the adjustment unit obtains the distance measurement unit. Based on the distance, the parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball is adjusted so that the light emitted from the irradiation means is focused on the retina, so that the lens of the eyeball has any thickness, An image can be displayed. For example, when the viewpoint is shifted to a displayed image from a state where an object is actually viewed, it is possible to clearly recognize the image without shifting the focus of the eyes. Therefore, even when the viewpoint is frequently switched, it is possible to reduce the eye fatigue of the observer.

  Further, according to the present invention, the light adjusting means always adjusts the parallelism of the light while the light source emits light based on the image information, so that the lens of the eyeball has any thickness. The image can be displayed, and the observer can clearly recognize the image in real time.

  Further, according to the present invention, since it is possible to select whether or not the parallelism of light is adjusted by the selection means, the observer has selected to adjust the parallelism of light by the selection means as necessary. In this case, there is no sense of distance, but the display device can move the focal point less, and if the selection means does not choose to adjust the parallelism of the light, the focal point movement is necessary, but there is a sense of distance. It can be a display device.

  According to the invention, the distance measuring means obtains the distance at which the retina is focused based on the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. The thickness of the crystalline lens can be obtained from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body, and the distance at which the retina is focused can be obtained from the thickness of the crystalline lens.

  According to the invention, the distance measuring means determines the distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. Can be sought.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means can determine the distance at which the retina is focused based on the refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body.

  According to the invention, the distance measuring means determines the distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. Can be sought.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means can determine the distance at which the retina is focused based on the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the light reflected by the retina.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means can determine the distance at which the retina is focused based on the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and the reflected light reflected by the retina. .

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means can determine the distance at which the retina is focused by detecting the phase difference of each reflected light.

  According to the invention, the distance measuring unit can detect the phase difference between the reflected lights based on the light intensity after the reflected lights interfere.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means can determine the distance at which the retina is focused based on the fact that the intensity of each reflected light varies depending on the wavelength of the reflected light.

  According to the invention, the distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light in a visible region. By using light in the visible region, it is possible to measure the distance at which the retina is focused while suppressing the influence on the eyeball to a lower level.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light outside the visible region. By using light outside the visible region, the light for measurement can be prevented from becoming noise relative to the light irradiated by the light irradiation means, and the displayed image contains a noise component. Can be prevented.

  Further, according to the present invention, the distance measuring means uses the light irradiated to the eyeball by the irradiating means to determine the distance at which the retina is focused. Therefore, the light source and the optical system parts need not be added specially. The configuration of the apparatus can be simplified.

  According to the invention, the direction of the line of sight is detected by the line-of-sight detection means, and the distance at which the retina is focused is corrected. Depending on the direction of the line of sight, a measurement error occurs when the lens tilts with respect to the incident angle of the light for measurement.To suppress this error, the inclination of the eyeball is detected by the line-of-sight direction detection means, and the line of sight is detected. The distance at which the retina is focused can be accurately determined according to the direction shift.

  Further, according to the present invention, the direction of the line of sight is detected by the line-of-sight detection means, and the distance focused on the retina is obtained by the light parallel to the direction of the line of sight, so that it enters the lens perpendicularly to the lens or at a predetermined angle. By using the measurement light as the measurement light, the measurement error of the distance focused on the retina due to the tilt of the eyeball can be reduced, and the distance focused on the retina can be accurately obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the distance measuring unit selects and uses light parallel to the direction of the line of sight among the light irradiated by the irradiation unit to the eyeball, without adding a light source and optical system parts specially, The distance at which the retina is focused can be accurately measured.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The display device 30 irradiates the eyeball 31 with an image represented by the image information. Specifically, the display device 30 projects the image represented by the image information onto the retina 32 of the eyeball 31 using light, thereby displaying an image to the observer. Recognize.

  The display device 30 includes a light source component 33, an optical scan component 34, a first lens 35, a second lens 36, a half mirror 37, an input unit 38, an image signal processing circuit 39, a light source driver 41, A scan driver 42, a lens thickness measuring unit 43, and a lens thickness signal converting unit 44 are configured.

  First, the optical system in the display device 30 will be described. The optical system in the display device 30 includes a light source component 33, an optical scanning component 34, a first lens 35, and a second lens 36.

  The light source component 33 includes a light emitting element such as a semiconductor light emitting diode (abbreviated as LED) and a semiconductor laser diode (abbreviated as LD), and a lens and an aperture for converting light emitted from the light emitting element into thin parallel light. Optical components. Light emitted from the light emitting element is made into a thin parallel light by the optical component. The light emitting element emits light based on a light source control output signal given from the light source driver 33.

  The light-emitting element of the light source component 33 may be configured by only one that emits monochromatic light, or may be configured by combining three-color light-emitting elements that respectively emit red, green, and blue light. In the present embodiment, the light source component 33 is configured by combining light emitting elements of three colors, whereby a full color image can be configured.

  The thin parallel light emitted from the light source component 33 enters the optical scanning component 34. The optical scan component 34 changes the traveling direction of light incident from the light source component 33 based on a scan output signal from a scan driver 42 described later. The optical scanning component 34 may include, for example, a mirror, and may be configured to change the traveling direction of light by changing the angle of the mirror, that is, by angularly displacing the mirror, or an acousto-optic element, an electro-optic element, or the like. It may be realized by. In the present embodiment, the optical scanning component 34 includes a mirror and a driving unit that displaces the mirror. When the scanning output signal is given to the driving unit, the driving unit angularly displaces the mirror, and the light source component 33 Change the traveling direction of incident light.

  The light incident from the light source component 33 is scanned and incident on the first and second lenses 35 and 36. The thin parallel light incident on the optical scanning component 34 is scanned by the optical scanning component 34 to form an image, such as a raster scan, and is incident on the first and second lenses 35 and 36.

  The first and second lenses 35 and 36 are realized by convex lenses, and light from the optical scanning component 34 enters the first lens 35, passes through the first lens 35, and then enters the second lens 36. The light transmitted through the second lens 36 is guided to the eyeball 31.

  The thin parallel light incident on the first and second lenses 35 and 36 is adjusted in its optical path so as to be condensed by the crystalline lens 45 of the eyeball 31, and reaches the retina 32 through the pupil 46. In this optical path, thin parallel light undergoes a change depending on the refractive index when passing through the first and second lenses 35 and 36 and the crystalline lens 45 of the eyeball 31. Reaches the retina without spreading. For example, the parallel beam diameter is selected to be 10 μm to 1 mm.

  As described above, the light emitted from the light source component 33 is raster-scanned by the optical scanning component 34, thereby projecting an image on the retina 32. The image information represents the color and gradation of each pixel representing the video. In order to express the color and gradation of each pixel in the image projected on the retina 32, the light emitted from the light source component 33 is modulated by adjusting the output for each pixel.

  Next, the electrical system in the display device 30 will be described. The electrical system in the display device 30 includes an input unit 38, an image signal processing circuit 39, a light source driver 41, and a scan driver 42.

  The input unit 38 is an input unit and is an interface for inputting the first image information from the outside. The first image information input from the input unit 38 is given to the image signal processing circuit 39.

  The image signal processing circuit 39 gives a light source modulation signal for modulating the light output from the light source component 33 to the light source driver 41 based on the image information given from the input unit 38, and scans the light to the scan driver 42. A scan control signal for controlling the component 34 is provided.

  The light source driver 41 drives the light emitting element of the light source component 33 based on the light source modulation signal given from the image signal processing circuit 39. The scan driver 42 controls the optical scan component 34 based on the scan control signal given from the image signal processing circuit 39. As a result, the retina 32 can be irradiated with light generated based on the image information input from the input unit 38, and the image can be recognized by the observer. The irradiation means is realized including the light source driver 41 and the scan driver 42, and irradiates the eyeball with an image represented by the second image information on the eyeball 31 by using the optical system described above.

  The first image information input from the input unit 38 represents an image including a plurality of image portions at different distances. That is, the first image information represents a three-dimensional image, and the image portion information representing each image portion includes three-dimensional information.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually illustrating the three-dimensional information included in the first image information. For example, it is assumed that the image represented by the first image information includes first to third image portions 47, 48, and 49. The first to third image portions 47, 48, and 49 are images of the object. The first image portion 47 is an image representing a person, the second image portion 48 is an image representing a car, and the third image portion 49 is an image representing a house. Each piece of image information representing the first to third image portions 47, 48, and 49 is stored with distance information. That is, the image part information representing the first to third image parts 47, 48, and 49 includes distance information representing different distances. The distance information represents the distance in the depth direction along the line of sight, and represents the distance from the center of the crystalline lens 45 to the in-focus position. The distance from the eyeball 31 focused on the retina 32 is represented. Hereinafter, the distance from the eyeball 31 that focuses on the retina 32 may be referred to as a focal length. For example, the image information representing the first image portion 47 includes distance information representing the first distance A from the eyeball 31. Further, the image information representing the second image portion 48 includes distance information representing the second distance B from the eyeball 31. Further, the image information representing the third image portion 49 includes distance information representing the third distance C from the eyeball 31. The first distance A <the second distance B <the third distance C is selected.

  In the present embodiment, the distance information is attached to each image portion in which an object such as a person and a car is used as one unit. However, in another embodiment of the present invention, the distance information is provided for each object. It does not have to be, and may be attached to each image portion with a pixel as one unit.

  The configuration of the display device 30 described above is an example of a type in which light is directly projected onto the retina 32. In this embodiment, in addition to the above configuration, an optical system for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is used. A configuration of an electric system for performing image processing based on the configuration and the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is provided.

  The optical system for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 includes a half mirror 37. The half mirror 37 is disposed between the light source component 33 and the optical scan component 34, transmits light traveling from the light source component 33 to the optical scan component 34, and out of the light reaching the eyeball 31 from the light source component 33. Light that is reflected at various points in the eyeball 31, passes through the first and second lenses 35 and 36, and the optical scanning device 34 and is directed to the light source component 33 is guided to the lens thickness measuring unit 43. Therefore, the light guided to the lens thickness measuring unit 43 constitutes a part of the image.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 includes a light source, irradiates the half mirror 37 with light from the light source, irradiates the eyeball 31, and reflects at various locations in the eyeball 31. Then, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 may be measured by using the light returning to the crystalline lens measuring unit 43 through the half mirror 37 again.

  In yet another embodiment of the present invention, light different from the light constituting the image is output from the lens thickness measuring unit 43, and this light is projected onto the eyeball 31 through the half mirror, and at various locations within the eyeball 31. You may guide the reflected light to the crystalline lens thickness measurement part 43 again with a half mirror.

  An electrical system for performing image processing based on the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 includes a crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43, a crystalline lens thickness signal converting unit 44, and the image signal processing circuit 39 described above. The crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 includes a light receiving element that receives light guided by the half mirror 37, and obtains the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 based on the amount of light received by the light receiving element. The crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 gives information representing the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 obtained by the measurement to the crystalline lens thickness signal conversion unit 44.

  The lens thickness signal converting unit 44 generates a lens thickness signal representing the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 by converting information representing the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 given from the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43 into a signal in a predetermined format. A thickness signal is given to the image signal processing circuit 39.

  The image signal processing circuit 39 obtains by calculating which distance the eyeball 31 is focused on the basis of the lens thickness signal given from the lens thickness signal conversion unit 44. A distance measuring unit is realized including the lens thickness measuring unit 43, the lens thickness signal converting unit 44, and the image signal processing circuit 39 described above, and a distance at which the retina 32 is focused is obtained using the optical system described above.

  A specific method for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 in the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the eyeball 31. In FIG. 3, parts not particularly related to the present invention are omitted. A description will be given by tracing the optical path through which light passes from the surface 51 of the eyeball 31. First, the pupil 55 and the lens 45 whose regions are determined by the cornea 52, the anterior chamber 53, and the iris 54 in order from the surface 51 of the eyeball 31 toward the retina 32. There is. Further, the vitreous body 56 is located next to the crystalline lens 45, and the retina 32 is located at the innermost part of the eyeball 31, and the photoreceptor cells in the retina 32 feel light. The cornea 52, anterior chamber 53, pupil 46, crystalline lens 45, and vitreous body 56 constituting the eyeball 31 are translucent to visible light, but have different refractive indexes. Although there is a difference in the refractive index, the lens 45 adjusts the refraction angle of the light toward the retina 32 so that the focus is adjusted on the retina 32. Further, the cornea 52 refracts light into the eyeball 31 largely due to a difference in refractive index from the atmosphere.

  FIG. 4 shows the first reflected light 61 reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 and the second reflection reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body 56. It is a figure which shows the light 62 typically.

  The crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 measures the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 using the interference between the first reflected light 61 and the second reflected light 62. When light for measurement is incident on the surface of the cornea 52, the surface side and the back surface side of the crystalline lens 45, that is, the one surface side in the thickness direction in contact with the anterior chamber 53 of the crystalline lens 45 and the thickness direction in contact with the vitreous body 56 of the crystalline lens 45. On the surface side, a part of the incident light is reflected by the interface whose refractive index changes. The reflected first and second reflected lights 61 and 62 differ in optical path length by twice the thickness of the crystalline lens 45, but the measurement light is light having a coherent length greater than the optical path length difference. If there is, interference due to the difference in phase occurs. In FIG. 4, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is indicated by d.

  5A and 5B show the waveforms of the first reflected light 61, the second reflected light 62, and the interference light 63 generated by the interference of the first reflected light 61 and the second reflected light 62. FIG. FIG. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents light intensity, and the horizontal axis represents time. 5 (1) and 5 (2), the first reflected light 61, the second reflected light 62, and the interference light 63 are shown in the same graph, but the first reflected light 61, the second reflected light 62, and the interference light 63 are shown. , The light intensity on the vertical axis has different values. FIG. 5 (1) shows waveforms of the first reflected light 61, the second reflected light 62, and the interference light 63 when the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is d1, and FIG. 5 (2) shows the thickness of the crystalline lens 45. The waveforms of the first reflected light 61, the second reflected light 62, and the interference light 63 at d2 are shown. D1 ≠ d2.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 (1) and (2), if the first reflected light 61 and the second reflected light 62 have a phase relationship intensifying depending on the thickness of the crystalline lens 45, the intensity of the interference light 63 is: If the phase relationship is greater than the intensity of the reflected first reflected light 61 or the second reflected light 62 and is weakened, the intensity of the interference light 63 is that of the reflected first reflected light 61 or the second reflected light 62. Decrease than strength. Therefore, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained by measuring the intensity of the interference light 63 of the first and second reflected lights 61 and 62. The crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 detects the intensity of the interference light 43 and generates and outputs information indicating the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 from the intensity of the light.

  The first and second reflected lights 61 and 62 described above are light in the visible region. Thus, by using the light in the visible region, the influence on the eyeball 31 can be further suppressed. The light in the visible region is a part of the light traveling from the light source component 33 toward the eyeball 31 is reflected. Therefore, in order to obtain the thickness of the crystalline lens 45, it is not necessary to add a light source and optical system parts in particular, and the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified as much as possible.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the first and second reflected lights 61 and 62 may be light outside the visible region. The light outside the visible region includes, for example, infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. By using light outside the visible region in this way, the measurement light can be prevented from becoming noise relative to the light for forming an image, and the displayed image includes a noise component. Can be prevented.

  In the image signal processing circuit 39 described above, assuming that the distance focused on the eyeball 31 calculated by the calculation is the first distance A, the image signal processing circuit 39 sets the first distance A based on this result. The first image portion “person” should be clear, and the second image portion “car” and the third image portion “house” at other distances are blurred images. The first image information is subjected to image processing so that second image information is generated. After processing the first image information in this way, the image signal processing circuit 39 converts the generated second image information into a light source modulation signal and a scan control signal suitable for forming on the retina 32, and a light source driver. 33 and the scan driver 34, respectively. The image processing means is realized including an image signal processing circuit 39.

  6 (1), (2), and (3) are recognized by the observer when the image signal processing circuit 39 performs image processing based on distance information and when image processing is not performed. It is a figure explaining an image | video. FIG. 6A shows an image recognized by the observer when the image is displayed without being subjected to the image processing, that is, when the image represented by the first image information is irradiated on the eyeball of the observer. When the image signal processing circuit 39 displays the image without performing image processing based on the distance information, all images are clearly displayed even if the image information includes depth and includes three-dimensional information. It is difficult for a person to feel the depth between recognized images.

  6 (2) and 6 (3) show images recognized by the observer when the image processing is performed and displayed, that is, when the image represented by the second image information is irradiated on the observer's eyeball. FIG. 6B shows an image when the focal length of the eye corresponds to the first distance A. In this case, only the part of the image of the person in focus is clearly visible, and the other parts of the car and house are blurred, so the observer can clearly see the depth. can do. This is the same as when the image portion representing a person is within the depth of field and the image portion representing a car and a house is outside the depth of field. The image signal processing unit 39 blurs the image portions of “car” and “house” so as to appear behind the image portion of “people”, and generates second image information.

  FIG. 6 (3) shows an image recognized by the observer when the focal length of the eye corresponds to the second distance B. In this case, only the image part of the “car” in which the eyes are in focus can be seen clearly, and the other “person” and “house” image parts appear blurred, so the observer can clearly recognize the depth. can do. As described above, the display device 30 blurs and displays other image portions except for the image portion to be clearly displayed. This is the same as when the image portion representing the vehicle is within the depth of field and the image portion representing the person and the house is outside the depth of field. The image signal processing unit 39 blurs the image portion of “person” so that it can be seen in front of the image portion of “car”, and blurs the image portion of “house” so that it can be seen behind the image portion of “car”. The second image information is generated. The size of the perceived image recognized by the observer is determined by the size of the image represented by the image information and the setting of the optical system.

  The image signal processing circuit 39 determines the degree of blurring of the image portion that is far from the focal length of the eye according to the amount of deviation from the calculated focal length of the distance represented by the distance information added to the image portion information. Change. Specifically, the degree of blurring of the image portion to be displayed is subjected to image processing on the image information so that the image portion to which the distance information away from the focal distance of the eye is added becomes more blurred. . Based on the second image information image-processed by the image signal processing circuit 39 in this manner, the light source driver 33 and the scan driver 34 are converted into light source modulation signals and scan control signals suitable for formation on the retina 32. By outputting each and irradiating the retina 32 with light based on the image information, it is possible to make the observer recognize the perspective more strongly. The image signal processing circuit 39 generates a blurred image by, for example, averaging pixel values of a plurality of adjacent pixels among the pixels constituting each image portion, but the image signal processing circuit 39 blurs the image portion. The fogging process is not limited to this.

  For example, a partially blurred and partially clear video between similar depths can also be achieved by creating the original image information as such, but in this case the focus of the eye Regardless of where it is, the clear part is fixed and the viewer's intention is not reflected in the image. In the display device 30 according to the present embodiment, a clear portion and a blurred portion of the image portion included in the image forming the image can be changed in accordance with the viewer's intention of where to look. It becomes possible. Thus, the observer can recognize an image that should be viewed at a distance that the viewer is viewing, in other words, can be in a state in which the image that should be viewed at a distance that the viewer is viewing is in focus. As a result, the distance that the observer wants to see matches the clear image in distance, which reduces the discomfort of the image recognized by the user and makes the observer drunk even when used continuously for a long time. It will be reduced. Furthermore, depending on the distance in the depth direction of the line of sight focused on the retina 32 of the eyeball 31 of the observer, some image portions included in the image are clearly recognized and other image portions are unclearly blurred and recognized. Thus, the observer can obtain a sense of reality and can experience a so-called virtual reality.

  In the above-described conventional technique, the light projected onto the retina with thin parallel light can form small pixels on the retina 32 regardless of the thickness of the crystalline lens. Regardless of the situation, the image is always focused, so that the observer cannot recognize the distance of the image and feels uncomfortable. However, in the display device 30 according to the present embodiment, when the observer changes his / her focus by his / her own intention, that is, when he tries to look at the distance or to look close, the image corresponding to the distance is focused. Since the in-focus image can be clearly seen, it is possible to grasp the sense of distance of the image, and it is possible to reduce the uncomfortable feeling that is a problem in the conventional technology. In addition, an image can be recognized by the display device 30 in the same manner as when an observer actually sees a landscape or the like.

  Such a display device 30 is effective when it is desired to recognize the depth between the observation methods with no parallax with one eye, and it is not necessary to provide the parallax, and the depth between the eyes is recognized only by changing the focus. And stereoscopic viewing with one eye becomes possible.

  In this way, the display device 30 can cause the observer to recognize a three-dimensional image in which a sense of distance can be easily grasped by clearly displaying the image of the distance that the observer wants to see. As a result, the video can have a sense of reality and impact, and the viewer can be made to recognize a video with less sense of incongruity.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, in the lens thickness measurement unit 43, the intensity of the reflected light reflected by the eyeball 31, that is, the intensity of the interference light 63 described above changes based on the wavelength, and the lens 45 You may measure the thickness of. In the present embodiment, the configuration other than the lens thickness measurement unit 43 is the same as the configuration of the display device 30 shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, it is assumed that light incident on the eyeball 31 has a wide wavelength region. Even in the case of interference between lights having the same optical path difference, the phase relationship differs if the wavelength of the light is different. If the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is d, the wavelength of light used for measurement is λ, and n is an integer, light having a wavelength satisfying the relationship of the following equation 1 is intensified, but light having a wavelength satisfying the relationship of equation 2 is Weak each other.
2d = nλ (1)
2d = (n + 1/2) λ (2)
Therefore, intensified wavelengths and depleted wavelengths appear alternately in the reflected light.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are graphs showing the relationship between the wavelength of the reflected wave and the light intensity. As shown in FIGS. 7 (1) and (2), the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained by the following equation 3 using a period in which the light intensities are strengthened or the light intensities are weakened. Here, the intensity of the reflected light is maximized, and two adjacent wavelengths are represented by λ ₁ and λ ₂ , respectively. Also, λ ₁ <λ ₂ .
_{d = λ 1 · λ 2/} 2 | λ 1 -λ 2 | ... (3)

  As can be seen from Equation 3, when the crystalline lens 45 is thick, the period of the strengthening wavelength decreases, and conversely, when the crystalline lens 45 is thin, the period of the strengthening wavelength increases. Expressions 1 to 3 described above are approximate expressions, and in practice, it is possible to increase the measurement accuracy by adding items to be corrected to each expression such as the wavelength dependence of the refractive index.

The crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 receives the reflected light from the eyeball 31 by the light receiving element, obtains the above-described λ ₁ and λ ₂ , and obtains the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 based on Equation 3. Even with such a method, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained, and the display device of the present embodiment can achieve the same effect as the display device 30 of the above-described embodiment.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, in the lens thickness measuring unit 43, the lens thickness measuring unit 43 is based on the refractive index difference between the cornea 52 and the atmosphere and the refractive index difference between the lens 45 and the vitreous body 56. The thickness of the crystalline lens 45 may be measured. In this case, the crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 obtains the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 based on the first reflected light 71 generated from the refractive index difference between the cornea 52 and the atmosphere and the reflected light generated from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. . In the present embodiment, the configuration other than the lens thickness measurement unit 43 is the same as the configuration of the display device 30 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 schematically shows the second reflected light 62 reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body 56 and the third reflected light 71 resulting from the difference in refractive index between the cornea 52 and the atmosphere. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, instead of the first reflected light 61 in the previous embodiment, the third reflected light 71 reflected by the surface of the cornea 52, that is, the interface between the cornea 52 and the atmosphere, and the second reflected light described above. Using the light 62, the lens thickness measuring unit 43 obtains the thickness of the lens 45. The difference in refractive index between the cornea 52 and the atmosphere is greater than the difference in refractive index between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53. Therefore, since there is much reflected light, the light for measurement is detected strongly and the S / N ratio is improved, so that the measurement accuracy can be increased. In this method, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 itself cannot be measured, but when the crystalline lens 45 changes in thickness, the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body are separated by this method because the crystalline lens 45 expands or contracts both on the front surface side and the back surface side. It is possible to know the relative change in the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 only by looking at the change in the position of the interface.

  In the crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43, the principle of obtaining the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is the same as that of the display device 30 of the above-described embodiment, and only the first reflected light 61 is replaced with the third reflected light 71. The description is omitted. Even with such a method, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained, and the display device of the present embodiment can achieve the same effect as the display device 30 of the above-described embodiment.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the lens thickness measuring unit 43 may measure the thickness of the lens 45 based on the refractive index difference between the lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 and the light reflected by the retina 32. Good. In this case, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is obtained based on the first reflected light 61 resulting from the refractive index difference between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 and the fourth reflected light 72 reflected by the retina 32. In the present embodiment, the configuration other than the lens thickness measurement unit 43 is the same as the configuration of the display device 30 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the first reflected light 61 reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 and the fourth reflected light 72 reflected by the retina 32. .

  In the present embodiment, the lens thickness measuring unit 43 uses the first reflected light 61 described above and the fourth reflected light 72 reflected by the retina 32 instead of the second reflected light 61 described above to cause the lens thickness measuring unit 43 to have a crystalline lens. A thickness of 45 is determined. The fact that the retina 32 looks red indicates that the retina 32 has a very high reflectance, as is well known by the term “red-eye”. Therefore, by using the fourth reflected light 64 instead of the second reflected light 62 described above, the measurement light can be detected strongly and the S / N ratio is increased, so that the measurement accuracy can be increased. In this method, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 itself cannot be measured, but when the crystalline lens 45 changes, the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 are expanded or contracted in both the front side and the rear side. It is possible to know the relative change in the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 only by looking at the change in the position of the interface with the lens. Thus, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained.

  The principle of obtaining the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 in the crystalline lens thickness measurement unit 43 is the same as that of the display device 30 of the above-described embodiment, and only the second reflected light 62 described above is replaced with the fourth reflected light 72. The description is omitted. Even with such a method, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be obtained, and the display device of the present embodiment can achieve the same effect as the display device 30 of the above-described embodiment.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 80 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 80 of the present embodiment and the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above differ only in the installation position of the half mirror 37, and the other configurations are the same. The components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the half mirror 37 arranged for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is arranged between the light source component 33 and the optical scanning component 34. On the other hand, in the display device 80 of the present embodiment, the half mirror 37 is installed between the second lens 36 and the eyeball 31. Compared with the display device 80, the lens thickness measuring unit 43 receives reflected light from the eyeball 31 with higher detection sensitivity by arranging an optical system for measuring the thickness of the lens body 45 at a position close to the eyeball 31. Thus, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be measured with higher accuracy.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the half mirror 37 may be disposed, for example, between the first and second lenses 35 and 36, or at a position outside the optical system for projecting an image. It may be arranged. Thus, since the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of the half mirror 37 is high, it can design in consideration of various circumstances, such as a measurement precision and the shape of a display apparatus, a magnitude | size.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 90 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 90 includes a light source component 33, an optical scan component 34, a condenser lens 91, an exit pupil enlarging element 92, an eyepiece lens 93, a half mirror 37, an input unit 38, and an image signal processing circuit 39. , A light source driver 41, a scan driver 42, a lens thickness measuring unit 43, and a lens thickness signal converting unit 44. In the display device 90, the same configurations as those of the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Also in the present embodiment, as in the above-described embodiment, the first image information input from the input unit 38 represents a three-dimensional image and includes the above-described three-dimensional information.

  The condensing lens 91 condenses the light emitted from the light source component 33. The light scanning component 34 scans this light, for example, in a raster pattern in the process in which the light emitted from the light source component 33 is condensed through the condenser lens 91. The scanned light is collected on the exit pupil enlarging element 92. By scanning the light from the condensing lens 91 with the light scanning component 34, the light emitted from the light source component 33 is focused on the exit pupil enlarging element 92 and once forms an image on this element.

  The exit pupil enlarging element 92 has a function of diffusing and emitting light incident on the exit pupil enlarging element 92 at a predetermined angle in the transmission direction or the reflection direction. The exit pupil enlarging element 92 is realized by a light diffusing plate, a fiber face plate, a lens array, a diffraction grating, and the like. The light of each pixel constituting the image formed on the exit pupil enlarging element 92 is diffused by the exit pupil enlarging element 92 and travels to the eyepiece lens 93.

  The eyepiece 93 converts the light diffused by the exit pupil enlarging element 92 into parallel light having a predetermined width and guides it to the surface 51 of the eyeball 31. As a result, of the parallel light having a width reaching the surface 51 of the eyeball 31, the light that has passed through the pupil 46 is condensed by the crystalline lens 45 of the eyeball 31 and focused on the retina 32. The light of each pixel of the image formed on the exit pupil enlarging element 92 has a different incident angle when it reaches the surface 51 of the eyeball 31 and is focused on the retina 32 by the crystalline body 45 of the eyeball 31 or the like. At this time, the focus is set at a different position for each pixel. Therefore, an image in which pixels are arranged on the retina 32 is formed, and this can be recognized as an image by a human optic nerve. The half mirror 37 is disposed between the exit pupil enlarging element 92 and the eyepiece lens 93, and the light from the half mirror is guided to the lens thickness measuring unit 43.

  Also in the display device 90 of the present embodiment, the second image information is generated in accordance with the distance at which the retina 32 is focused, similarly to the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. By irradiating the eyeball with an image representing image information, an observer can recognize a video image having a depth.

  In the display device 90 of the present embodiment, unlike the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the light incident from the pupil 46 is not thin parallel light but parallel light having a width. . Even if the relative position between the pupil 46 and the display device 90 is shifted due to eye movement or the positional shift of the display device, the viewer can visually recognize the video by giving the parallel light a width.

  When irradiating the eyeball 31 with parallel light having such a width, unlike the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the light emitted from the light source component 33 is reflected on the retina 32 by refraction of the crystalline lens 45 or the like. Focus on. Therefore, when the lens 45 becomes thick due to the intention of the observer, that is, when the observer sees near, or when the lens 45 becomes thin by looking far away, the light that irradiates the eyeball 31 represents the image. A situation arises where no focus is placed on 32. In the case where the light incident on the eyeball 31 is irradiated so as to be substantially parallel light, the focus is formed on the retina 32 when an eye looking far away, and conversely the focus on the retina 32 when an eye looking close is viewed. Do not tie. However, even in this case, the far-sighted eye is always in focus on the retina 32 as long as the distance is about 1 m or more.

  In the display device 90 of the present embodiment, when the observer changes the focus for his / her own intention, that is, when he tries to look far or to look close, the image at that distance is in focus and clearly visible. Thus, it becomes possible to grasp the sense of distance of the video, and it is possible to reduce the uncomfortable feeling as described above. However, as a difference from the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. Although the video can be clearly displayed, in the display device 30 of the present embodiment, in such a state of the crystalline lens 45, since it cannot be focused on the retina 32 in the first place, it is not possible to display a clear video. Can not. However, when looking at a distance of 1 m or more, it is not possible to achieve the same effect as the above-described embodiment.

  The display device 90 of the present embodiment is also effective when it is desired to recognize the depth between the observation methods with no parallax with one eye, and it is not necessary to provide parallax. Can be recognized, and stereoscopic viewing with one eye is possible.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, in the display device 90 shown in FIG. 11 described above, the arrangement position of the half mirror 37 is not limited to between the exit pupil enlarging element 92 and the eyepiece lens 93, and You may arrange | position between eyeballs 31 and may be arrange | positioned in the position remove | deviated from the optical system for projecting an image | video. Thus, since the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of the half mirror 37 is high, it can design in consideration of various circumstances, such as a measurement precision and the shape of a display apparatus, a magnitude | size.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 100 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 100 includes a point light source array 101, an optical modulation element 102, a condenser lens 91, an eyepiece lens 93, a half mirror 37, an input unit 38, an image signal processing circuit 39, a light source driver 41, The optical modulation element driver 103, a lens thickness measuring unit 43, and a lens thickness signal converting unit 44 are configured. In the display device 100, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of the display devices of the respective embodiments described above, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The point light source array 101 is formed by arranging a plurality of light emitting elements in a matrix. The optical axes of the plurality of light emitting elements of the point light source array 101 extend parallel to each other. The point light source array 101 emits light based on the light source output signal given from the light source driver 41. The light emitted from the point light source array 101 is condensed through the condenser lens 91 and enters the optical modulation element 102.

  The optical modulation element 102 modulates incident light coming from the condenser lens 91 based on the modulation output signal given from the optical modulation element driver 103. The optical modulation element 102 is realized by a liquid crystal panel, DLP (Digital Light Processing), other elements using diffraction, an electro-optic crystal, an acousto-optic element, or the like. In the present embodiment, it is realized by a liquid crystal panel capable of displaying in color.

  The light incident on the optical modulation element 102 is modulated in color and intensity by the optical modulation element 102 and reaches the eyepiece lens 93. The light reaching the eyepiece lens 93 passes through the eyepiece lens 93 and reaches the surface 51 of the eyeball 31. By the point light source array 101, the condensing lens 91, the optical modulation element 102, and the eyepiece lens 93, the light corresponding to each pixel on the surface 51 of the eyeball 31 is the same as that of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. In addition, it becomes parallel light having a width and enters the eyeball 31.

  Accordingly, the light corresponding to each pixel is parallel light having a different direction and having a width, which is similar to the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, and forms such parallel light. As a means for doing this, the display device 80 uses the light source component 33, the optical scanning component 34, the exit pupil enlarging element 92, and the like. Instead, in the display device 90 of the present embodiment, the point light source array 101 and the optical device are used. This is realized using the modulation element 102.

  Next, the electrical system will be described. The display device 100 differs from the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 in that a part of the configuration of the electric system differs depending on the configuration of the optical system. When an image signal is input to the image signal processing circuit 39 from the input unit 38, the image signal processing circuit 39 generates an optical modulation element modulation signal based on the input image signal, and the optical modulation element modulation signal is This is output to an optical modulation element driver 103 that controls the optical modulation element 102. The optical modulation element driver 103 controls the optical modulation element 102 based on the optical modulation element modulation signal to form an image. A light source output signal is given to the point light source array 101 from the light source driver 41. When the light source output signal is given, the point light source array 101 is always lit with the same luminance. An irradiation unit is realized including the light source driver 41 and the optical modulation element driver 103. Also in the present embodiment, the first image information input from the input unit 38 represents a three-dimensional image and includes three-dimensional information, as in the above-described embodiment.

  A half mirror 37 is provided between the eyepiece 93 and the eyeball 31, and reflected light from the eyeball 31 is guided to the lens thickness measuring unit 43.

  Also in the display device 100 of the present embodiment, the second image information is generated according to the distance at which the retina 32 is focused, as in the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. By irradiating the eyeball with an image representing image information, it is possible to make the viewer recognize a video having a depth as in the display device 30 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above. The same effect as that of the display device of the form can be obtained.

  The display device 100 of the present embodiment is the same as the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 described above in that the light of each pixel enters the eyeball 31 as a parallel light having a width. The same effect can also be exhibited in that the sense of distance of the video can be given.

  Furthermore, the display device 100 is effective when it is desired to recognize the depth between the observation methods with no parallax with one eye, and it is not necessary to provide the parallax, and the depth between the eyes can be recognized only by changing the focus. And stereoscopic viewing with one eye becomes possible.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, in the display device 100 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the half mirror 37 may be disposed between the optical modulation element 102 and the eyepiece 93, and displays an image. You may arrange | position in the position remove | deviated from the optical system for projecting. Thus, since the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of the half mirror 37 is high, it can design in consideration of various circumstances, such as a measurement precision and the shape of a display apparatus, a magnitude | size.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, in the display device 100 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the point light source array 101 does not always light with the same luminance, but uses a field sequential method, The point light source element to be used may be switched depending on the position. In this case, predetermined blinking and luminance adjustment are required in the point light source array 101, and this control is performed in accordance with a light source control signal input to the light source driver 41.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 110 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 110 of the present embodiment has a configuration including a focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111 that is a changing means in addition to the configuration of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. Since the configuration is the same as that of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, the same reference numerals are given to the same configuration, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The display device 110 can adjust the degree to which the image portion at a distance corresponding to a distance different from the focal distance of the eyeball 31 is blurred. In other words, the display device 110 blurs the image portion at a distance that does not match the focal length of the eye, but the focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111 can adjust the degree to which the image portion is blurred. The focus blurring amount manual adjustment unit 111 is realized by a component that mechanically changes electrical characteristics, such as a variable resistor. By changing the resistance value of the variable resistor, the image signal processing circuit 39 determines the degree of blurring of the image according to the resistance value of the variable resistor, and performs image processing of the image information. Since the degree of blurring of the image can be manually adjusted by the focus blurring amount manual adjustment unit 111, each of the image portions to which different distance information is added is determined according to the distance information from a clear situation in which each is not blurred at all. It is possible to adjust the image recognized by the observer even in a severely blurred situation. As a result, display according to the preference of the observer can be performed, and convenience can be improved.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the above-described focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111 includes a command input unit such as a keyboard and a mouse and a display unit, for example, and an amount of blurring of an image on the screen of the display unit. By displaying the information to be displayed and operating the keyboard and mouse, etc., the viewer may be able to make adjustments while watching the display screen. Any configuration that can be changed is acceptable.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 120 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 120 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, and the same reference numerals are given to the same configuration, and the description thereof is omitted. The difference from the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above is that the first image information input from the input unit 38 is not a three-dimensional image but a two-dimensional image. .

  FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams for explaining an image processing method in the image signal processing unit 39 of the display device 120. As described in each of the above-described embodiments, when a conventional display device is used, it is impossible for the observer to recognize at which distance the image exists in the depth direction. This feels unnatural for the observer and is uncomfortable.

  In order to eliminate this uncomfortable feeling, in the display device 120, the image signal processing circuit 39 performs image processing on the displayed image information using the result of measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 in the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43. In the display device 120, the virtual distance of the video that can be recognized by the observer, in other words, the position of the virtual display displayed as a virtual image is set in advance, and the image signal processing circuit 39 is set in advance. Image information is processed so that an image is formed at the position of the display, and an optical modulation signal and a scan control signal are generated and supplied to the light source driver 41 and the scan driver 42, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 15 (1), the image signal processing circuit 39 determines that when the focal length of the eye coincides with the virtual distance of the video, in other words, the focal length and the distance to the position of the virtual display. When they match, the first image information is processed to generate second image information so that the video is clearly displayed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15B, the image signal processing circuit 39, when the focal length of the eye does not match the virtual video distance, in other words, the focal length and the distance to the virtual display position. Is matched, the first image information is processed to generate second image information so that the video is blurred and displayed. As a result, the observer's eyes see an image at a fixed distance, and if the focal length is closer or farther than that distance, the image will appear blurred. It is possible to reduce the uncomfortable feeling that there is a sense of distance or cannot be sensed.

  The image signal processing circuit 39 performs image processing so that the video is displayed as blurred when the virtual distance of the video and the focal length of the eye do not match. Increasing the distance and the focal distance of the eye. Thus, the observer can sensuously recognize whether the focal distance is approaching or moving away, and the focal distance can be easily adjusted to the distance of the virtual image.

  The display device 120 according to the present embodiment further includes a focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111 and a virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121. If the focal distance of the eye does not match the virtual distance of the video, the display device 120 blurs and displays the video, but the degree of blurring of the video can be adjusted by the focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111. The focus blurring amount manual adjustment unit 111 is realized by a component that mechanically changes electrical characteristics, such as a variable resistor. By changing the resistance value of the variable resistor, the image signal processing circuit 39 determines the degree of blurring of the image according to the resistance value of the variable resistor, and performs image processing of the image information. Since the degree of blurring of the image can be manually adjusted by the focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 111, the image can be displayed according to the preference of the observer.

  The virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121 is for changing the virtual distance of the video according to the intention of the observer. That is, depending on the observer, it is assumed that the virtual distance of the video is easier to see when it is closer and the distance of the video is easier to see, and as a means for solving this, the display device 120 makes the virtual distance of the video variable. The virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121 is realized by using components that enable mechanical electrical adjustment such as a variable resistor and a rotary encoder. The image signal processing circuit 39 sets the position of a virtual display displayed as a virtual image based on the state of the virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121. By operating the virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121, it is possible to adjust the display so that a clear image is displayed within the range of the focal length according to the preference of the observer, and convenience can be improved.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121 has command input means such as a keyboard and a mouse, for example, and displays information for changing the settings, such as a keyboard and a mouse. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the observer adjusts while viewing the displayed information by operating, and other specific methods are not particular.

  As described above, the display device 120 can make an observer recognize an image with a clear sense of distance, and can make an observer recognize an image with less sense of discomfort. In addition, even when the observer sets the viewpoint at a very short distance or when the viewpoint is set at a far distance, the observer can clearly recognize the video. Thus, for example, when it is necessary to alternately view an image projected on the eyeball 31 by the display device 120 and an actual object, it is not necessary to switch the viewpoint, thereby reducing the eyestrain of the observer. it can.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, in the display device 120 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 described above, the image processing circuit 39 displays an image when the focal distance of the eye is a distance within a predetermined range. The image information may be image-processed so as to be clearly recognized, and the image information may be processed so that the video is blurred when the focal distance of the eye is not within a predetermined range. In the display device 120 described above, if the focal length region for displaying a clear image is too narrow, the observer must always finely control the focus of the eyes, which may cause eye fatigue. In the display device of this embodiment, such a problem is prevented from occurring. The absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance in a predetermined distance range for displaying at least a clear image is selected to be 1 cm or more and less than 10 m. As a result, it is possible to reduce the fatigue of the eyes of the observer watching the video. Of the predetermined distance range, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance corresponds to a so-called depth of field. The information indicating the distance in the predetermined range may be determined in advance, and may be set by inputting the information indicating the distance by the virtual display position manual adjustment unit 121.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 130 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 130 has the same configuration as the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, and in addition to the configuration of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, the eyepiece moving unit 131. And a manual ON / OFF switching unit 132. The difference between the display device 130 of the present embodiment and the above-described display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is that the eyepiece 93 of the display device 130 is mainly parallel to the axis of the optical system. It is movable in the direction indicated by the arrow F. In the present embodiment, the image information input from the input unit 38 represents a two-dimensional image, not a three-dimensional image. The image processing circuit 39 converts the image information given from the input unit 38 into a light source modulation signal and a scan control signal, and outputs them.

  The eyepiece moving unit 131 moves the eyepiece in the axial direction of the optical system based on the lens thickness signal provided from the lens thickness signal converting unit 44. Since the eyepiece 93 is movable in a direction parallel to the axis of the optical system, the parallelism of the parallel light can be controlled for each pixel light incident on the eyeball 31 substantially in parallel.

  In a display device of a type in which light representing an image is incident on the eyeball 31 as substantially parallel light, there is a problem in that when an observer sees the eye close, that is, when the crystalline lens 45 is thickened, the lens 45 is not focused. This problem arises in that, when recognizing a nearby stereoscopic image, when a parallax that looks close is provided by both eyes, the sense of distance from the focus of the eye does not match the sense of distance obtained from the parallax.

  In the display device 130 of the present embodiment, the parallelism of the parallel light toward the eyeball 31 can be adjusted so that the near eye can be focused.

  FIGS. 17A and 17B are diagrams for explaining how the parallelism of parallel light traveling toward the eyeball 31 is adjusted by the display device 130. FIG. When the crystalline lens 45 is d1 and the crystalline lens 45 is thin, that is, when the eye is looking far away, the light to the eyeball 31 is brought closer to parallel, and the retina 32 is focused. Can do. Conversely, when the crystalline lens 45 is thick, that is, when the eye is looking close, the non-parallel light that spreads and approaches the eyeball 31 can be focused to focus on the retina 32. it can. In the display device 130, information indicating the thickness of the lens 45 measured by the lens thickness measuring unit 43 is input to the eyepiece moving unit 131 via the lens thickness signal converting unit 44, and the eyepiece moving unit 131 receives the lens thickness signal. By moving the eyepiece 93 based on the above, it is possible to make the observer recognize a clear image by focusing on the retina 32 regardless of the focal length. The eyepiece moving unit 131 moves the eyepiece 93 in a direction away from the eyeball 31 as the crystalline lens 45 is thicker, so that the light emitted to the eyeball 31 becomes light that spreads toward the eyeball 31. Can do. A light adjustment unit that includes the eyepiece lens 93 and the eyepiece lens moving unit 131 and that can adjust the parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball is realized.

  The manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 is a selection unit and is realized by a changeover switch. The eyepiece moving unit 131 is activated or disabled according to the switching state of the manual ON / OFF switching unit 132. That is, if the switching state of the manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 is ON, the eyepiece moving unit 131 131 is activated to obtain the distance that the observer's retina 32 is focused on the basis of the lens thickness signal, and the eyepiece 93 is moved so that the distance is in focus. The objective lens 93 is not moved based on the lens thickness signal. The manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 can be manually operated by an observer. This makes it possible to improve the convenience by switching the switching state according to the observer's preference of the observer and the content of the video.

  In the display device 130 described above, the eyepiece moving unit 131 may be configured to always adjust the parallelism of the light while the light source component 33 emits light based on the image information. In this case, the observer can always recognize a clear image. Therefore, when it is necessary to frequently and alternately view the actual object and the character information displayed by the display device, for example, by comparing the repair target device with the drawing, the image is always in focus. As a result, fatigue of the eyes of the observer can be reduced.

  The display device 130 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which an eyepiece activation unit 131 and a manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 are added to the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. In the display device of the embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by adding the eyepiece activation unit 131 and the manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 to the display device 100 of the embodiment shown in FIG. In addition, the configuration in which the eyepiece 131 is moved and focused on the retina 32 is applied to display devices having various configurations in which the light to the eyeball 31 is incident on the eyeball 31 as spread parallel light by the eyepiece 93. Can do.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 140 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 140 has the same configuration as that of the display device 130 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 described above. The display device 140 is different from the display device 130 of the embodiment shown in FIG. The eyepiece lens 93 is moved in order to adjust the parallelism of the light traveling toward 31, but in the display device 140 of the present embodiment, the eyepiece lens 93 is fixed, and other optical systems, that is, light source components 33, the condensing lens 91, the optical scanning component 34, and the exit pupil enlarging element 92 are configured to move in the axial direction of the optical system indicated by the arrow F in FIG.

  The display device 140 has the same configuration as the display device 130 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 described above, and has an optical system moving unit 141 instead of the eyepiece lens moving unit 131 in the display device 130.

  The optical system moving unit 141 includes a frame body 142 and a frame body moving unit 143 that moves the frame body 142. The light source component 33, the condensing lens 91, the optical scanning component 34, and the exit pupil enlarging element 92 are fixed to the frame body 142. In the display device 140, information indicating the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 measured by the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43 is input to the frame moving unit 143 via the crystalline lens thickness signal converting unit 44, and the frame moving unit 143 receives the crystalline lens thickness signal. By moving the frame 142 based on the above, it is possible to make the observer recognize a clear image by focusing on the retina 32 regardless of the focal length. The frame body moving unit 143 moves the frame body 142 in a direction away from the eyeball 31 as the crystalline lens 45 is thicker, so that the light irradiated to the eyeball 31 becomes light that spreads toward the eyeball 31. Can do. A light adjusting means that includes the light source component 33, the condensing lens 91, the light scanning component 34, and the exit pupil magnifying element 92 and the optical system moving unit 141 can adjust the parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball. As a result, the same effect as that of the display device 130 of the above-described embodiment can be achieved.

  The manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 is a selection unit and is realized by a changeover switch. The optical system moving unit 141 is activated or disabled according to the switching state of the manual ON / OFF switching unit 132. That is, if the switching state of the manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 is ON, the optical system moving unit 141 is activated to obtain a distance at which the observer's retina 32 is focused on the basis of the lens thickness signal, and the frame 142 is moved so that the distance is in focus. The frame 142 is not moved based on the lens thickness signal. The manual ON / OFF switching unit 132 can be manually operated by an observer. This makes it possible to improve the convenience by switching the switching state according to the observer's preference of the observer and the content of the video.

  FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 150 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 150 includes a line-of-sight direction detection device 151 in addition to the configuration of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, The description is omitted.

  The line-of-sight detection device 151 detects the direction of the line of sight of the observer. The line-of-sight detection device 151 detects the line of sight by, for example, a corneal reflection method that irradiates the observer's eyeball with a near-infrared ray from a point light source and uses a near-infrared reflection image on the pupil and the corneal ridge. The line-of-sight direction detection device 151 gives a line-of-sight information signal representing the detected result to the lens thickness signal conversion unit 44.

  20A and 20B are diagrams for explaining measurement errors that may occur when the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is measured by the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43. FIG. FIG. 20 (1) is a schematic diagram of the eyeball 31 when the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45 is parallel to the traveling direction of the measurement light, and FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the eyeball 31 when the measurement light is inclined by a predetermined angle θ in a virtual plane with respect to the traveling direction.

  When the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is d, the first reflected light 61 reflected at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53 when the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45 is parallel to the traveling direction of the measurement light. And the optical path difference between the second reflected light 62 reflected at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body 56 is 2d. However, when the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45 is inclined by a predetermined angle θ within a virtual plane with respect to the traveling direction of the measurement light, the optical path difference between the first reflected light 61 and the second reflected light 62 is 2d / cos θ. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20 (2), when the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45 is inclined by a predetermined angle θ within a virtual plane with respect to the traveling direction of the measurement light, 1 / cos θ is multiplied by 2d. As a result, a measurement error occurs.

  The line-of-sight direction detection device 151 obtains an angle θ that is inclined in a virtual plane with respect to the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45 and the traveling direction of the measurement light by detecting the direction of the line of sight of the observer. The line-of-sight direction detection device 151 obtains the angle θ, and provides an inclination correction signal for correcting the error coefficient 1 / cos θ to the crystal thickness signal conversion unit 44. The crystal thickness signal converting unit 44 corrects information representing the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 provided from the crystalline lens thickness measuring unit 43 based on the tilt correction signal provided from the crystalline thickness signal converting unit 44 and converts the information into a crystalline lens thickness signal. To the image signal processing circuit 39. Therefore, the signal processing device 39 can accurately determine the distance at which the retina is focused.

  FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a display device 160 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The display device 160 is configured to include a line-of-sight direction detection device 151 in addition to the configuration of the display device 90 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 described above, and similar configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, The description is omitted. In the display device 160, a part of light projected from the light source component 33 onto the retina 32 is used as measurement light for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45.

  The line-of-sight direction detection device 151 detects the direction of the observer's line of sight and outputs a line-of-sight signal indicating the detected line of sight of the observer.

  The lens thickness measurement unit 43 is light that is parallel to the direction of the observer's line of sight based on the line-of-sight signal given from the line-of-sight direction detection device 151, in other words, light that is incident parallel to the optical axis of the lens 45. Then, the light is selected from light for displaying an image and used for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45.

  A line-of-sight direction signal representing the inclination of the direction of the line of sight detected by the line-of-sight direction detection device 151 is given to the lens thickness measuring unit 43, and the lens thickness measuring unit 43 receives incident light incident on the eyeball 31 based on the line-of-sight direction signal. The angle of incident light to be used for measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 is determined. The lens thickness measurement unit 43 reads the scan timing for forming pixels of the determined incident light angle from the signal given from the scan driver 42, and synchronizes with the lens 45 at an appropriate timing. Measure the thickness of

  Since the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 measured by the light for displaying the selected image is always incident on the crystalline lens 45 in parallel to the optical axis of the crystalline lens 45, the measuring light generated according to the direction of the line of sight as described above. Therefore, it is possible to always measure the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 correctly. Therefore, the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 can be measured without causing an error due to the inclination in the line-of-sight direction.

  The display device according to each of the above-described embodiments can be applied to any case of viewing an image with both eyes and viewing an image with a single eye. In the display device of still another embodiment of the present invention, the display device may be configured by combining the display devices of the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 30 of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which illustrates notionally the three-dimensional information contained in image information. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of an eyeball 31. FIG. First reflected light 61 reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53, and second reflected light 62 reflected by the difference in refractive index at the interface between the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body 56. It is a figure shown typically. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the interference light 63 produced | generated by the 1st reflected light 61, the 2nd reflected light 62, and the 1st reflected light 61 and the 2nd reflected light 62 interfering. It is a figure explaining the image | video which an observer recognizes when the image signal processing circuit 39 performs image processing based on distance information and when not performing image processing. It is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of a reflected wave, and the intensity | strength of light. It is a figure which shows typically the 2nd reflected light 62 reflected by the difference in the refractive index in the interface of the crystalline lens 45 and the vitreous body 56, and the 3rd reflected light 71 resulting from the refractive index difference of the cornea 52 and air | atmosphere. It is a figure which shows typically the 1st reflected light 61 reflected by the difference in the refractive index difference in the interface with the crystalline lens 45 and the anterior chamber 53, and the 4th reflected light 72 reflected by the retina 32. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 80 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 90 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 100 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 110 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 120 of further another embodiment of this invention. 4 is a diagram for explaining a video display method on the display device 120. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 130 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining a mode that the parallelism of the parallel light which goes to the eyeball 31 is adjusted with the display apparatus 130. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 140 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 150 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the measurement error which may arise when measuring the thickness of the crystalline lens 45 by the crystalline lens thickness measurement part 43. FIG.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 160 of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 1 of the 1st prior art. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 7 of the 2nd prior art. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the display apparatus 16 of the 3rd prior art.

Explanation of symbols

30, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160
33 Light source component 34 Optical scanning component 35 First lens 36 Second lens 38 Input unit 39 Image signal processing circuit 43 Crystal thickness measuring unit 44 Crystal thickness signal converting unit 91 Condensing lens 92 Ejecting magnification element 93 Eyepiece 101 Point light source array 102 Optical modulation element 111 Focus blur amount manual adjustment unit 131 Eyepiece moving unit 141 Optical system moving unit 151 Gaze direction detection device

Claims (27)

Input means for inputting first image information representing an image including a plurality of image portions having different distances from each other;
A distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
Of the image represented by the first image information input by the input means, the first image information is subjected to image processing so that other image portions excluding the image portion of the distance corresponding to the distance obtained by the distance measurement means are blurred, Image processing means for generating second image information;
A display device comprising: irradiation means for irradiating an eyeball with an image represented by second image information based on second image information generated by the image generation means.   The image processing means secondly adjusts the degree of blurring of an image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring means, according to the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring means. The display device according to claim 1, wherein image information is generated.   The image processing means is configured to increase the degree of blurring of an image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring means, as the amount of deviation from the distance obtained by the distance measuring means increases. The display device according to claim 2, wherein image information is generated.   The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a changing unit that changes a degree to which an image portion having a distance corresponding to a distance different from the distance obtained by the distance measuring unit is blurred. Input means for inputting first image information representing an image;
Distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
When the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is a distance within a predetermined range, the image represented by the image information input by the input means becomes clear, and the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not the distance within the predetermined range. In this case, image processing means for performing image processing on the first image information so as to blur the image represented by the image information input by the input means to generate second image information;
A display device comprising: irradiation means for irradiating an eyeball with an image represented by second image information based on second image information generated by the image generation means.   6. The display device according to claim 5, further comprising setting means for setting a distance within the predetermined range.   7. The display device according to claim 5, wherein an absolute value of a difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance among the distances in the predetermined range is selected to be 1 cm or more and less than 10 m.   When the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not a distance within a predetermined range, the irradiation means is more blurred as the amount of deviation from the distance within the predetermined range increases. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the eyeball is irradiated with light based on image information input by the input unit so as not to be large.   9. The display device according to claim 8, further comprising changing means for changing a degree of blurring of the image when the distance obtained by the distance measuring means is not within a predetermined range. Input means for inputting image information representing an image;
An irradiating means for irradiating the eyeball with an image represented by the image information based on the image information input by the input means;
Distance measuring means for obtaining a distance at which the retina is focused based on the state of the eyeball;
And a light adjusting means capable of adjusting the parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball so that the light emitted by the irradiating means is focused on the retina based on the distance obtained by the distance measuring means. Display device.   The display device according to claim 10, wherein the light adjusting unit constantly adjusts the parallelism of the light while the light source emits light based on image information. A selection means for selecting whether or not to adjust the parallelism of the light by the light adjustment means;
The irradiating means has a parallelism of the light reaching the eyeball so that the light irradiated by the irradiating means is focused on the retina only when the adjusting means is selected to adjust the parallelism of the light. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the display device is adjusted.   The distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is in focus based on a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. The display device according to one.   The distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on reflected light resulting from a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and reflected light resulting from a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. The display device according to claim 13.   The distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. The display device described in one.   The distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on reflected light generated from a refractive index difference between the cornea and the atmosphere and reflected light generated from a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the vitreous body. Item 15. The display device according to Item 15.   13. The distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a refractive index difference between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and light reflected by the retina. The display device described in 1.   18. The distance measuring means obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on reflected light generated from a difference in refractive index between the crystalline lens and the anterior chamber and reflected light reflected by the retina. Display device.   19. The display device according to claim 14, wherein the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by detecting a phase difference of each reflected light.   The display device according to claim 19, wherein the distance measuring unit detects a phase difference between the reflected lights based on a light intensity after the reflected lights interfere.   The display device according to claim 21, wherein the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused based on a change in intensity of each reflected light depending on a wavelength of the reflected light.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light in a visible region.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused using light outside the visible region.   The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the distance measurement unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by using light irradiated to the eyeball by the irradiation unit. Gaze detection means for detecting the gaze direction,
The display device according to any one of claims 13 to 24, wherein the distance measuring unit corrects a distance at which the retina is focused based on a detection result of the line-of-sight detection unit. Gaze detection means for detecting the gaze direction,
25. The distance measuring unit obtains a distance at which the retina is focused by light parallel to the direction of the line of sight based on a detection result of the line of sight detecting unit. Display device.   27. The display device according to claim 26, wherein the distance measuring unit selects and uses light parallel to the direction of the line of sight among the light irradiated to the eyeball by the irradiation unit.

Images