JP2005258576A - Duplex cpu switching system - Google Patents

Duplex cpu switching system Download PDF

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JP2005258576A
JP2005258576A JP2004066032A JP2004066032A JP2005258576A JP 2005258576 A JP2005258576 A JP 2005258576A JP 2004066032 A JP2004066032 A JP 2004066032A JP 2004066032 A JP2004066032 A JP 2004066032A JP 2005258576 A JP2005258576 A JP 2005258576A
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cpu
register
bit
standby
switching
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Megumi Miwa
恵 三輪
Seiji Okudokoro
聖司 奥所
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a duplex CPU switching system that can be realized in simple configuration without using a special signal exchange and a complicated algorithm. <P>SOLUTION: After power application, a CPU 1 and a CPU 2 set bits indicating an operation request in registers 1a and 2a respectively. An arbitration circuit 3 refers to the registers 1a and 1b to handle the CPU 1 (CPU 2) that has set the earlier bit as an active system and the other as a standby system, and sets arbitration result bits (bit inverted from active system as for standby system) in registers 1b and 2b. In the active or standby phase, the CPU 1 (CPU 2) refers to the register 1b (2b) as checks looped every time a WDT counter 1c (2c) is reset. If the active system CPU fails, the bit in the register 1a (2a) is inverted. Upon the bit inversion in the register 1a (2a), the arbitration circuit 3 inverts the bit set in the register 2b (1b). Upon the bit inversion in the register 2b (1b), the CPU 2 (CPU 1) boots itself as the active system (standby system) for switching. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、CPUを二重に構成し運用系、待機系として動作させ、障害時に切り替えを行う二重系CPU切替システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a dual CPU switching system in which CPUs are configured in a dual manner to operate as an active system and a standby system and perform switching when a failure occurs.

従来の二重系CPU切替システムにおいては、2つの情報処理装置と系切替手段から構成されている。まず、運用系か待機系かを決める系指示信号により運用系として動作する情報処理装置と待機系として操作する情報処理装置を決める。系切替手段は、これら2系の情報処理装置の稼動中、系切替要求レベル信号と系切替受付レベル信号に基づき、これらのレベルを比較する。この比較で、運用系の切替要求レベルが待機系の系切替受付レベルより小さい場合は、リカバリ指示信号を送出して、運用系のリカバリ処理を行って、そのまま運用系の運用を継続させる。また、系切替要求レベルが系切替受付レベルより大きい場合は、系切替指示信号を送出して系切替を行い、系切替要求レベルと系切替受付レベルが共に運用不可のレベルであった場合はシステムダウンとなる(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   The conventional dual CPU switching system is composed of two information processing devices and system switching means. First, an information processing apparatus that operates as an active system and an information processing apparatus that operates as a standby system are determined by a system instruction signal that determines whether the system is an active system or a standby system. The system switching means compares these levels based on the system switching request level signal and the system switching acceptance level signal during operation of these two systems of information processing devices. In this comparison, if the active system switch request level is lower than the standby system switch acceptance level, a recovery instruction signal is transmitted, the active system recovery process is performed, and the operation of the active system is continued as it is. If the system switching request level is higher than the system switching acceptance level, a system switching instruction signal is sent to perform system switching. If both the system switching request level and the system switching acceptance level are inoperable levels, the system It becomes down (for example, refer patent document 1).

特開平5−313932号公報(第3頁〜第4頁、第1図)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-313932 (pages 3 to 4, FIG. 1)

従来の二重系CPU切替システムでは、系切替を実施するまでに5種の信号をやりとりし、また、通信する手段を設ける必要がある。また、系切替が実施されるまでに煩雑なアルゴリズムが必要となる。   In a conventional dual system CPU switching system, it is necessary to provide means for exchanging five types of signals and performing communication before system switching is performed. In addition, a complicated algorithm is required until system switching is performed.

この発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、調停回路の結果を各CPUが判断し、そのCPU自身が自分の系が「運用系」か「待機系」か、を判断することによって構成を簡素化し、信号の通信をやり取りする手段を必要としない簡易な二重系CPU切替システムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. Each CPU determines the result of the arbitration circuit, and whether the CPU itself is “active” or “standby”. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple dual CPU switching system that does not require means for exchanging signals by simplifying the configuration by determining the above.

この発明に係る二重系CPU切替システムにおいては、CPUが運用化要求ビットをセットする第1のレジスタと、前記第1のレジスタのビット内容により運用系または待機系を決める調停結果ビット生成する調停回路と、前記調停回路の調停結果ビットがセットされる第2のレジスタとを備える。   In the dual CPU switching system according to the present invention, the CPU generates a first register in which the operation request bit is set, and an arbitration result bit for determining an operating system or a standby system according to the bit contents of the first register. And a second register in which the arbitration result bit of the arbitration circuit is set.

この発明によれば、二重系CPU切替システムの切替制御をCPU間で特別な信号のやり取りや、複雑なアルゴリズムを必要とせず、簡単な構成で実現できる。   According to the present invention, the switching control of the dual CPU switching system can be realized with a simple configuration without requiring a special signal exchange between the CPUs or a complicated algorithm.

実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明を実施するための実施の形態1における二重系CPU切替システムを示すものである。図1において、CPU1とCPU2のそれぞれに運用化要求を立てるレジスタ1a、2aと運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタ1b、2bおよびハードウェアまたはプログラムの実行の異常を検出するためのウォッチドッグタイマ(Watch Dog Timer、以下WDTという)カウンタ1c、2cを示し、調停回路3において、両CPU1、2の運用系か待機系かを調停する。また、図2は、系状態判断処理を示すフローチャートである。
以下、図1と図2をもとに、動作について説明する。まず、電源投入後、CPU1とCPU2は運用化要求をするため、レジスタ1aとレジスタ2aにビットをセットする。調停回路3は、CPU1またはCPU2からの運用化要求4a、4bを受け、調停し、運用系となったCPUに対し運用を示す調停結果ビット5a、5bを運用または待機ステータスを示すレジスタ1b、2bにセットする。具体的には、電源投入後、早く運用化要求をレジスタ1a、1bにセットした方のCPUに運用系としてのビットを、他方のCPUを待機系としての反転ビットを、調停結果ビットとしてセットする。
以下では、CPU1の方が、いち早くレジスタ1aに運用化要求ビットを立てたとして説明する。調停回路3は、レジスタ1aからの運用化要求4aを受け、運用を示すビットをレジスタ1bに立てるとともに、CPU2の運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタ2bにはレジスタ1bに立てたビットの反転ビットを立てる。一方、CPU2からの運用化要求4bは無視される。そして、CPU2は運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタ2bにすでに反転ビットが立っているため、待機系として動作する。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a dual CPU switching system according to Embodiment 1 for carrying out the present invention. In FIG. 1, registers 1a and 2a for making operational requests to CPU 1 and CPU 2, registers 1b and 2b for indicating operation / standby status, and a watchdog timer (Watch Dog) for detecting abnormalities in hardware or program execution, respectively. Timer (hereinafter referred to as WDT) counters 1c and 2c, and the arbitration circuit 3 arbitrates between the operating system and the standby system of both the CPUs 1 and 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the system state determination process.
The operation will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, after the power is turned on, the CPU 1 and the CPU 2 set a bit in the register 1a and the register 2a in order to make an operation request. The arbitration circuit 3 receives the operation request 4a, 4b from the CPU 1 or CPU 2, arbitrates, and uses the arbitration result bits 5a, 5b indicating the operation to the CPU that has become the active system, and registers 1b, 2b indicating the operation or standby status. Set to. Specifically, after the power is turned on, the bit as the operation system is set as the arbitration result bit for the CPU that has set the operation request in the registers 1a and 1b as soon as possible and the inverted bit as the standby system is set as the other CPU. .
In the following description, it is assumed that the CPU 1 sets the operation request bit in the register 1a earlier. Upon receiving the operation request 4a from the register 1a, the arbitration circuit 3 sets a bit indicating operation in the register 1b, and sets an inverted bit of the bit set in the register 1b in the register 2b indicating operation / standby status of the CPU 2. . On the other hand, the operationalization request 4b from the CPU 2 is ignored. The CPU 2 operates as a standby system because the inversion bit has already been set in the register 2b indicating the operation / standby status.

CPU1は運用化要求実施後(ステップST1)、運用/待機ステータスを示すレジスタ1bにセットされたビットをループしながらチェックし(ステップST2)、運用がセットされていれば、そのままループを抜けてCPUの立ち上げ処理(ステップST4)へと移行する。待機系となったCPU2も同様に運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタ2bを見て、運用を示すビットがレジスタ2bにセットされるまで、WDTカウンタ2cをリセットしながらループを実行する(ステップST3)。運用系のCPU1において、CPU障害が発生し、WDTカウンタ1cをリセットできない状態に陥った場合には、H/W的に自動でリセットを実施する。リセットが行われたCPU1の運用化要求はH/W的に要求を取り下げのレベルへビットをセットする。このビットのセットは、運用化要求のレジスタ1aのビットを反転させることである。調停回路3は、このビット反転にもとづいて、待機系であるCPU2の運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタ2bにすでに立っているビットを反転させて、運用を開始させる。一方、CPU1の運用・待機を示すレジスタ1bに調停結果ビット5aのビットを反転させてセットする。
また、運用系であるCPU1が障害を検知し自立的に切替を行う場合には、運用化要求を示すレジスタ1aにセットされているビットを取り下げ側にセットする。運用化要求4aが取り下げ側にビットセットされるので、調停回路3は、CPU1のレジスタ1bのビットを反転させ、CPU1を待機系とする。また、同時に、CPU2のレジスタ2bに立っているビット(待機を示すビットである)を反転させ、運用系とする。
After executing the operation request (step ST1), the CPU 1 checks while looping the bit set in the register 1b indicating the operation / standby status (step ST2). If the operation is set, the CPU 1 exits the loop and goes directly to the CPU. Shifts to the start-up process (step ST4). Similarly, the CPU 2 which has become a standby system looks at the register 2b indicating the operation / standby status, and executes a loop while resetting the WDT counter 2c until a bit indicating operation is set in the register 2b (step ST3). In the active CPU 1, when a CPU failure occurs and the WDT counter 1c cannot be reset, the reset is automatically performed in H / W. For the operation request of the CPU 1 that has been reset, the bit is set to a level at which the request is withdrawn in H / W. The setting of this bit is to invert the bit of the operation request register 1a. Based on the bit inversion, the arbitration circuit 3 inverts the bit already set in the register 2b indicating the operation / standby status of the CPU 2 that is the standby system, and starts operation. On the other hand, the arbitration result bit 5a is inverted and set in the register 1b indicating the operation / standby of the CPU 1.
In addition, when the CPU 1 which is an active system detects a failure and performs switching independently, the bit set in the register 1a indicating the operation request is set on the withdrawal side. Since the operation request 4a is bit-set to the withdrawal side, the arbitration circuit 3 inverts the bit of the register 1b of the CPU 1 and sets the CPU 1 as a standby system. At the same time, the bit standing in the register 2b of the CPU 2 (the bit indicating standby) is inverted to make the operating system.

このように構成された二重系CPU切替システムにおいては、CPUのレジスタにセットされる運用化要求ビットを調停回路が見て、CPUの運用化要求を調停し、その結果をCPUの運用・待機ステータスを示すレジスタに運用または待機ビットを立てて、運用系または待機系となるCPUを決めているので、複雑なアルゴリズムを必要としない簡単な構成で系の切替ができる。   In the dual CPU switching system configured as described above, the arbitration circuit looks at the operation request bit set in the CPU register, arbitrates the CPU operation request, and the result is the CPU operation / standby. Since the operation or standby bit is set in the register indicating the status and the CPU to be the active or standby system is determined, the system can be switched with a simple configuration that does not require a complicated algorithm.

実施の形態2.
なお、実施の形態1では、調停回路がCPUの運用要求のレジスタをみて切り替えるようにしたが、図3に示すように調停回路3にCPU障害レジスタ3aを設けることにより、障害が区別できる。すなわち、CPUが障害を起こすとWDTカウンタがかかりH/W的な調停回路により系が切り替わるが、CPU障害レジスタ3aを設けることにより、相手がCPU障害で切り替わったかどうかを判別できる。このCPU障害レジスタ3aの内容は、CPU1およびCPU2から読むことができ、系切替をする前にS/WにてCPU障害レジスタ3aに相手の系番号を書き込んでから自分の系のリセットを行う。系が切り替わった後、新運用系になったCPU1(またはCPU2)がCPU障害レジスタ3aをチェックすることにより、S/Wの介在しない切り替え(CPU障害によるWDTカウンタのリセット)の場合、CPU障害レジスタ3aの値は他系すなわちCPU2(CPU1)の番号になっている。また、S/Wの介在する切り替え(CPU自ら系切り替えを実施)の場合、CPU障害レジスタ3aの値はデフォルト値か自系の値となる。したがって、運用系となったCPUがこのCPU障害レジスタ3aの内容をチェックすれば、待機系となった元運用系CPUが、CPU障害によって切り替わったのか、CPU自ら切り替えたのかが分かり障害内容が確認できる。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the arbitration circuit switches between the CPU operation request registers, but the fault can be distinguished by providing the CPU fault register 3a in the arbitration circuit 3 as shown in FIG. In other words, when the CPU fails, the WDT counter is activated and the system is switched by the H / W arbitration circuit. However, by providing the CPU failure register 3a, it is possible to determine whether the other party has been switched due to the CPU failure. The contents of the CPU failure register 3a can be read from the CPU 1 and the CPU 2, and before switching the system, the partner system number is written in the CPU failure register 3a in S / W and then the own system is reset. After the system is switched, the CPU 1 (or CPU 2) which has become the new operating system checks the CPU fault register 3a, so that in the case of switching without S / W (WDT counter reset due to CPU fault), the CPU fault register The value 3a is the number of the other system, that is, the CPU 2 (CPU 1). In addition, in the case of switching involving S / W (the CPU itself performs system switching), the value of the CPU fault register 3a is a default value or a value of the own system. Therefore, if the CPU that has become the active system checks the contents of the CPU failure register 3a, it can be determined whether the original operational CPU that has become the standby system has been switched due to a CPU failure or the CPU itself has switched. it can.

このように、各CPUの番号を書き込めるCPU障害レジスタを調停回路に設けることによって、CPU障害レジスタを確認することにより、障害の内容が把握でき適切な処理が可能となる。   As described above, by providing the CPU failure register in which the number of each CPU can be written in the arbitration circuit, by checking the CPU failure register, the contents of the failure can be grasped and appropriate processing can be performed.

この発明の実施の形態1を示す二重系CPU切り替えシステムを示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the dual system CPU switching system which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention. CPUにおける系状態判断処理のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the system state judgment process in CPU. この発明の実施の形態2を示す二重系CPU切り替えシステムのブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the dual system CPU switching system which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 CPU、1a,1b レジスタ、1c WDTカウンタ、2 CPU、2a,2b レジスタ、2c WDTカウンタ、3 調停回路、3a CPU障害レジスタ。   1 CPU, 1a, 1b register, 1c WDT counter, 2 CPU, 2a, 2b register, 2c WDT counter, 3 arbitration circuit, 3a CPU fault register.

Claims (2)

CPUが運用化要求ビットをセットする第1のレジスタと、前記第1のレジスタのビット内容により運用系または待機系を決める調停結果ビット生成する調停回路と、前記調停回路の調停結果ビットがセットされる第2のレジスタとを備える二重系CPU切替システム。   A first register in which the CPU sets an operation request bit, an arbitration circuit for generating an arbitration result bit for determining an operation system or a standby system according to the bit contents of the first register, and an arbitration result bit of the arbitration circuit are set A dual CPU switching system comprising: a second register. 前記調停回路は、CPUが運用系から待機系に切り替わる際に相手方CPUの番号を書き込めるレジスタを備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の二重系CPU切替システム。   2. The dual system CPU switching system according to claim 1, wherein the arbitration circuit includes a register to which the number of the counterpart CPU can be written when the CPU is switched from the active system to the standby system.
JP2004066032A 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Duplex cpu switching system Pending JP2005258576A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8086776B2 (en) * 2005-03-30 2011-12-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Device for arbitrating bus accesses and method for controlling same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8086776B2 (en) * 2005-03-30 2011-12-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Device for arbitrating bus accesses and method for controlling same

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