JP2005217919A - Television receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform display switching of a television program and a browser image in a television receiver provided with a web page browsing function. <P>SOLUTION: When communication with an external web server 121 is established and a browser 117 is started, it is switchable whether the television program and the browser image are respectively independently displayed in a displaying part 110 or the television program and the browser image are simultaneously displayed by a plurality of image display. In addition, when switching is made to display only for television program, an index showing that the Internet is now connected on the screen. When switching is made to a plurality of image display, an index explaining what the respective images are like and an index showing an image outputting sound are displayed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a television receiver for receiving a broadcast and viewing a program, and more particularly to a television receiver having a function of accessing an external website via the Internet and displaying a web page on the screen.

  In television broadcasting, the broadcasting form is shifting from analog to digital, and accordingly, viewing of broadcast programs is also received passively from the form of receiving information provided by broadcast stations, so that viewers can connect telephone lines. It is becoming a bidirectional type capable of responding to a broadcasting station via the network.

  On the other hand, in general households, it has become widespread that a personal computer accesses an external website via the Internet and displays information on a screen for browsing.

  Thus, viewing of digital television broadcast programs and browsing of web pages on the Internet are performed by different presentation means, and when viewing broadcast programs, the television receiver is used to access the Internet. In some cases, the use of a personal computer is actually being used.

  However, each device has a display means and a function to communicate with the outside using a telephone line. For example, a digital television receiver is connected to the Internet without using it properly. If a browser for browsing web pages is installed so that viewing of broadcast programs and browsing of the Internet can be performed with a single television receiver, it is clear that the usability is improved.

  Conventionally, some proposals have been made so that a television receiver can also browse web pages on the Internet. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a television receiver equipped with an Internet connection device. A proposal for switching the screen display between a state in which a connection to a predetermined web page on the Internet is being processed and a state in which the connection has been completed is shown.

  That is, Patent Document 1 discloses a proposal in which an Internet screen and a television image are simultaneously displayed during the Internet connection process, and only the Internet screen is displayed when the Internet connection process is completed. . Further, this Patent Document 1 also discloses a proposal for managing the display switching between the Internet screen and the television video by time. Furthermore, only the television video is displayed during the Internet connection process, and after the connection is completed, the Internet There is also a suggestion to switch to screen display. Furthermore, it is also disclosed that a display indicating that the connection process is being performed is performed during the Internet connection process.

  As described above, Patent Document 1 proposes a television receiver having an Internet browsing function that focuses on how to properly display a screen during Internet connection processing to improve usability. In an environment where the Internet communication speed is low, a certain effect can be expected.

  However, an environment for connecting to an external website using DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) or an optical fiber with a high transmission speed is becoming widespread also in general homes, and the communication speed of the Internet has been remarkably increased. In addition, providers who provide a constant Internet connection at a low price have appeared, and the Internet access environment has become a high standard.

Therefore, Internet connection processing is becoming feasible without much stress, and for the user, it is easier to use after the connection is completed than how to display the screen during Internet connection processing. It seems that this proposal is accepted as more realistic, but no such proposal has been made.
JP-A-10-42205 (6th and 7th pages, FIGS. 1, 5 and 6)

  As described above, in a conventional television receiver having a function of accessing a website on the Internet via a communication line and displaying a web page on the screen, the television broadcast screen is displayed after the connection to the Internet is completed. No proposal was made in terms of functionally switching the display of the Internet screen, and there was room for improvement in terms of operability.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a television receiver capable of performing a functional and smooth switching between a television program screen and an Internet screen in a state where the television is connected to the Internet. The purpose is to provide.

  The television receiver of the present invention is a receiving means for receiving a television signal, an information acquisition means for acquiring information on a web page from an external website by a communication means and constructing a browser screen that can be displayed, a display means, In the state where the television signal is received by the receiving means and the browser screen is constructed by the information acquiring means, a first video image is displayed on the display means based on the video signal of the television signal by the receiving means. A display form; a second display form for displaying on the display means a video based on the browser screen constructed by the information acquisition means; and both a video based on the video signal of the television signal and a video based on the browser screen Display switching means for switching between a third display mode for displaying the image as a plurality of screens on the display means. And butterflies.

  According to the present invention, in a state in which communication with an external website is established and the browser is up, a display mode in which a television program or a browser screen is individually displayed, and the screen is divided and simultaneously displayed. It is configured so that it can easily switch between the multi-screen display mode to be displayed, and when displaying a television program alone, the fact that the Internet connection is ongoing is displayed on the screen with an icon, plus a plurality In the screen display form, an indicator that can distinguish between a television program and a browser screen and an indicator that can distinguish an audio output source are displayed, so that the display screen can be switched easily and reliably. It is.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a television receiver of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an embodiment of a television receiver 100 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes an antenna that catches broadcast radio waves and derives them as broadcast signals. The broadcast signal from the antenna 101 is supplied to the tuner 103 via the antenna input terminal 102, and channel selection is performed here. The received signal of the channel selected by the tuner 103 is supplied to the demodulator 104 and demodulated, and further subjected to processing such as error correction, and demultiplexed as a TS (Transport Stream) of MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 2 105.

  The demultiplexer 105 separates and extracts the various packets making up the TS for each packet and outputs them. For example, a PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) constituting a program is supplied to the decoder 106 and decoded there. The video packet included in the PES is decoded based on the MPEG2 standard, for example, and is derived to the graphic processing unit 107 as an uncompressed digital video signal.

  The graphic processing unit 107 is also supplied with an OSD signal from an OSD (On Screen Display) signal generation unit 108, and superimposes the OSD signal generated by the OSD signal generation unit 108 on the digital video signal from the decoder 106. Output. Alternatively, the graphic processing unit 107 selectively switches and outputs the output of the decoder 106 and the output of the OSD signal generation unit 108, or outputs the combination so that both outputs constitute half of the screen. .

  The output of the graphic processing unit 107 is supplied to the video signal processing unit 109, where it is appropriately processed, and then supplied to the display unit 110 and displayed on the screen.

  The decoder 106 also decodes the audio packet included in the PES and outputs it to the audio signal processing unit 111 as an uncompressed digital audio signal. After the audio signal processing unit 111 appropriately processes the audio signal, the audio signal is output from the audio output unit 112 including a speaker or the like. The audio signal processing unit 111 has a function of selectively switching and outputting a digital audio signal from the decoder and an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) audio signal to be described later. The details will be described later.

  As described above, a broadcast program can be received and viewed. However, for viewing of an actual broadcast program, the television receiver 100 is used for specifying a channel selection by the tuner 103, for example. It is necessary to adjust the operations and functions of the constituent parts, and the control unit 113 is provided for this purpose.

  The control unit 113 is configured by, for example, an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), and switches the channel of the tuner 103, packet separation and extraction of the demultiplexer 105, decoding of the decoder 106, graphic processing unit 107, OSD signal generation unit 108, video signal processing unit. 109 and the audio signal processing unit 111 are controlled.

  Therefore, the control unit 113 includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 114 in which various processing programs are stored, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 115 as a work memory, and a non-volatile memory for storing setting data. 116 is connected.

  The ROM 114 stores an HTML browser program. The control unit 113 converts web page data read from an external website described later based on the browser program to construct a display screen. It has a function of deriving it to the graphic processing unit 107 via the OSD signal generation unit 108, and is shown as a block as an HTML browser 117 in the control unit 113. It should be noted that the HTML browser 117 has a function of reproducing audio information included in the accessed web page as part of its own application, or can be realized by using a dedicated application stored in the ROM 114. It is configured.

  In addition to the various application software as described above, the ROM 114 also stores data such as characters, symbols, characters, and the like for the OSD signal generation unit 108 to generate OSD signals.

  Further, a communication I / F (Interface) 118 is connected between the control unit 113 and the communication terminal 119, and is connected to the Internet 120 via the communication I / F 118 and connected to the Internet 120. The external web server 121 can be accessed. The communication I / F 118 includes a modem having a communication function compliant with, for example, TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).

  Further, an infrared light receiving unit 122 and an operation input unit 123 are connected to the control unit 113, and the infrared light receiving unit 122 receives a remote control signal from the remote controller 124 and derives it to the control unit 113. The operation input unit 123 includes a plurality of switches provided, for example, on the front panel of the television receiver 100. In addition to the remote controller 124, the user switches, adjusts, and operates functions of the television receiver 100. This is operated when setting or the like is performed.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of the key arrangement of the remote controller 124. As shown in FIG. 2, the remote controller 124 has numeric keys 201 that are used for channel switching of terrestrial broadcasting or for inputting numeric / character data. The numeric key 201 is composed of keys 1 to 12, and kana characters and alphabets are assigned to these keys. For example, a key to which a numeral “1” is attached can input a kana (hiragana, katakana) character of the line, an alphabetic ABC, and a lower case letter.

  Further, the remote controller 124 has a cursor key 202 for selecting an item on the screen, a determination key 203 for registering the item selected by the cursor 202, and further for channel selection up / down. A channel up / down key 204, a volume adjustment key 205 for increasing or decreasing the volume, and a power key 206 for turning on / off the power of the receiver 100 are provided.

  Further, the remote controller 124 activates the communication I / F 118 to access the external web server 121, and at the same time returns an Internet key 207 for starting up an HTML browser, an end key 208 for ending the processing, and a display screen. A return key 209 used for the display, a TV key 210 for displaying a television reception image, a menu key 211 for displaying a menu for setting various functions, and a two-screen display control. And a voice switching key 213 for switching voices.

  In the television receiver 100 configured as described above, in order to view a broadcast program, the user directly operates the numeric key 201 to directly input a channel number or the channel up / down key 204 to operate as desired. The remote controller 124 sends a remote control signal to the control unit 113 via the infrared light receiving unit 122 in order to execute channel selection.

  In response to this, the control unit 113 derives a channel selection signal for the tuner 103, performs channel selection for a predetermined channel, and further separates and extracts the PES of the reception signal of that channel by the demultiplexer 105, 106.

  The decoder 106 decodes the video and audio PES, displays the video signal on the display unit 110 via the graphic processing unit 107 and the video processing unit 109, and outputs the audio signal via the audio signal processing unit 111. Output as sound from the unit 112. As a result, the program broadcast on the channel selected by the tuner 103 is viewed.

  Next, when accessing the Internet, the Internet key 206 of the remote controller 124 is operated. Thereby, the control unit 113 receives a remote control signal via the infrared light receiving unit 122 and activates the communication I / F 118. As a result, the communication I / F 118 connects to the Internet 120 via a telephone line and establishes communication with the web server 121.

  Further, the control unit 113 starts up the HTML browser 117, performs access processing to a web page (home) of a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) address registered in advance in the web server 121, and stores data constituting the page. The browser screen is constructed using the RAM 115 as a work area.

  Further, the constructed browser screen is derived to the graphic processing unit 107 via the OSD signal generation unit 108 and supplied from the video signal processing unit 109 to the display unit 110 to be displayed on the screen.

  FIG. 3 shows a display example of the browser screen. As shown in the figure, a browser screen 301 is displayed on the display unit 110. In order to view other web pages on such a display screen, the URL address is input with the numeric key 201 of the remote controller 124 and the enter key 203 is operated to access the page. Become so.

  Alternatively, when there is a link item on the displayed web page, the cursor key 202 of the remote controller 124 is appropriately operated, the cursor is moved to the link item, and the enter key 203 is operated to link the link item. It is possible to execute access to a page and screen display of the web page.

  Further, by moving the cursor to the icon indicating the control item of the browser and operating the enter key 203, the display page can be returned, advanced, updated, or page searched.

  In the state shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 113 switches the audio signal processing unit 111 to output the audio signal of the browser screen. If the web page includes audio information, the control unit 113 Derived to the audio signal processing unit 111 and output from the audio output unit 112 as audio.

  If there is a favorite web page, it can be saved. That is, by moving the cursor to the “favorite” item on the screen and operating the enter key 203, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a message 401 indicating that it is added as a favorite page is displayed, and the cursor is moved to “OK”. By moving and operating the enter key 203, the URL address of the page can be registered.

  When the favorite message 401 “OK” is selected, the control unit 113 stores the URL address of the web page in the nonvolatile memory 116. The URL address of the favorite page stored in the nonvolatile memory 116 can be read out and displayed, and can be selected with a cursor.

  Next, in order to display the video screen of the channel received by the tuner 103 from the browser-only screen shown in FIG. 3, the television is disconnected in the procedure for disconnecting the Internet and the Internet connection is continued. There are two procedures for switching to the video of the program.

  In order to disconnect the Internet connection, when the end key 208 of the remote controller 124 is operated, the control unit 113 receives it, stops communication with the web server 121 by the communication I / F 118, and further opens the HTML browser 117. Fall down. Thereby, the video signal of the channel selected by the tuner 103 is displayed on the display unit 110, and the audio of the program is output from the audio output unit 112.

  When switching to the viewing of television broadcasting while the Internet connection is continued, the TV key 209 of the remote controller 124 is operated. Thereby, the control unit 113 controls the graphic processor 107 to hold the URL address of the HTML browser 117 being connected, and to output the output of the decoder 106 to the video signal processor 109, and further to the audio signal processor 111 is controlled to process the audio signal from the decoder 106.

  Further, at this time, the control unit 113 generates an icon indicating that the Internet remains connected by the OSD signal generation unit 108, derives the icon to the graphic processing unit 107, and converts it into the video signal from the decoder 106. Superimpose.

  As a result, the image shown in FIG. 5 is displayed on the display unit 110. That is, for the television program video 501, an icon 502 indicating that the Internet is connected is displayed in the lower left corner.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the icon 502 is displayed so as to overlap the television program video 501, and the video is lost due to the icon 502. If an important part of the program video 501 is missing, there is a problem, and the Internet icon 502 can be moved to a free position on the screen. For example, the Internet icon 502 can be moved on the screen by the cursor key 202 of the remote controller 124.

  Further, if the size of the television program video 501 on the display unit 110 is reduced and an Internet icon is displayed outside the television program video, the problem that the program video is lost does not occur.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which the Internet icon is not overlapped with the television program video. As shown in the figure, the television program video 601 is reduced, and the Internet icon 602 is displayed outside the program video 601.

  When switching from the state shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 to the browser screen display, the Internet key 207 of the remote controller 124 is operated. Thereby, the control unit 113 controls the graphic processing unit 107 and the audio signal processing unit 111 to display the browser screen and switch to output the audio. The switched browser screen naturally displays the web page that was browsed before switching to the television program display.

  Note that an icon indicating that the Internet is still connected can be in a GUI (Graphical User Interface) format. According to this, the cursor key 202 of the remote controller 124 is operated to determine the cursor according to the icon 502. By operating the key 203, it is possible to instantaneously switch to the browser screen shown in FIG. The GUI format icon can be generated by the OSD signal generation unit 108 by the control unit 113.

  It is also possible to simultaneously display a television broadcast received video and a browser screen. For example, when the two-screen key 212 of the remote controller 124 is operated from the state shown in FIG. The unit 107 is controlled so that the browser screen 701 and the television program video 702 are displayed on a half of the screen on the display unit 110 as shown in FIG.

  Further, at this time, the control unit 113 makes full use of the OSD signal generation unit 108 to generate OS signals constituting the sentences “Internet” and “TV”, and sends them to the graphic processing unit 107 to display the browser screen on the screen. “Internet” 703 is displayed corresponding to 701, and “TV” 704 is displayed corresponding to television program video 702. As a result, the browser screen and the television program video can be distinguished at a glance.

  In a state where the browser screen and the television program video are displayed on the same screen, the audio is set so that either the browser screen or the television program video is output. In order to indicate this, marking is performed.

  In FIG. 7, a musical note mark 705 is displayed adjacent to the display of “TV” 704, indicating that the sound belongs to a television program. The note mark 705 is also generated by the OSD signal generation unit 108 under the control of the control unit 113 and is superimposed on a predetermined position on the screen by the graphic processing unit 107.

  When switching the voice to the browser screen, the voice switching key 213 of the remote controller 124 is operated. In response to this, the control unit 113 switches the audio signal processing unit 111 to select the audio on the browser screen. As a result, the sound of the browser screen is output. At the same time, the display position of the note mark 705 is moved to a position adjacent to the “Internet” 703. Similarly, the voice can be switched every time the voice switch 213 key is pressed.

  When the two-screen key 212 of the remote controller 124 is operated from the state shown in FIG. 7, the screen of the television program image shown in FIG. 5 is displayed, and when the two-screen key 212 of the remote controller 124 is operated again, the browser shown in FIG. When the two-screen key 212 is further operated, the screen returns to the two-screen display shown in FIG. 7, and the display can be sequentially switched in the same manner.

  Alternatively, from the state shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to set to switch to the display of only the image of the sound being output by operating the two-screen key 212. In the state of FIG. 7, it is switched to the television program video shown in FIG. By operating the two-screen key 212 again, the state shown in FIG. 7 is restored. After the voice is switched to the browser screen using the voice switching key 213, the state shown in FIG. 3 is switched by operating the two-screen key 212. .

  It is also possible to store the screen display state in the nonvolatile memory 116 when the power of the television receiver 100 is turned off and restore the state immediately before the power is turned off when the power is turned on. .

  That is, the non-volatile memory 116 indicates each item such as the channel selection channel of the tuner 103 when the power is turned off, the presence / absence of Internet connection, the URL address when connection is present, and whether the screen display is a television program display, browser screen display or two-screen display. It is also possible to store the information in the memory and restore the state when the power is turned on.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the receiver 100 described above. In FIG. 8, processing is started in step S801, and a desired broadcast channel is received in step S802 to display a program video.

  Next, in step S803, it is determined whether or not there is an internet connection request. If there is an internet connection request, in step S804, a connection with the web server via the internet is established, an HTML browser is started, and a program is started. Instead of video display, a web page having a desired URL address is displayed on the screen.

  Next, in step S805, it is determined whether or not a television program video display request has been made. If there is a request, the screen display is switched to a program video display with an Internet icon in step S806. Next, in step S807, it is determined whether or not the power of the receiver 100 is turned off. If the power is turned off, predetermined information (for example, the URL address of the Internet accessed immediately before the power is turned off) in step S808. And the reception channel of the tuner) are stored in the nonvolatile memory 116, and the process ends in step S809.

  If it is determined in step S805 that there is no television program video display request, the process proceeds to step S812 to determine whether there is a two-screen display request. If there is a request, in step S811, the television program and browser are determined. Switch to dual screen display.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the power has been turned off. If the power has been turned off, the process proceeds to step S808 to store predetermined information (in this case, for example, information such as a URL address, a reception channel number, and a two-screen display). To finish the process.

  In a state where the power is on, it is determined in step S813 whether there is a request to display only the browser screen or whether there is a request to display only the television program in step S814.

  If there is a request to display only the browser screen, the browser screen display is switched in step S815, and then it is determined whether or not the power is turned off in step S816. If it is turned off, the process is terminated through step S808. To do. Further, in a state where the power is not turned off, it is determined whether or not a two-screen display request is made in step S816, and if there is a request, the process returns to step S811. On the other hand, if there is no two-screen display request, the process returns to step S814.

  If it is determined in step S814 that a television program display request has been made, the display is switched to the program display screen in step S818, and then it is determined whether or not the power is turned off in step S819. In step S808, the process ends.

  In the power-on state, it is determined whether or not a two-screen display request has been made in step S820. If there is a request, the process returns to step S811, and if there is no request, the process returns to step S813.

  Further, in a state where the power is determined to be on in step S807, it is determined in steps S821 and S822 whether there is a request for displaying only the browser screen or a request for displaying two screens, and there is a request for displaying only the browser screen. If YES in step S815, the flow advances to step S815. If there is a two-screen display request, the flow advances to step S811 to continue the processing.

  Note that whether or not to restore the state immediately before the power-off stored in the nonvolatile memory 116 when the television receiver 100 is turned on can be selected, for example, according to the initial setting of the television receiver 100. . For example, it is possible to display the initial setting screen by operating the menu key 211 of the remote controller 124 and to register the setting by operating the cursor key 202 and the enter key 203.

  As described above, in the television receiver of the present invention, the television program display and the browser screen display are independently performed in a state where the communication with the website via the Internet is established and the HTML browser is up. It is possible to easily execute by the key operation of the remote controller whether the display is performed in the form of multiple screen display at the same time.

  In addition, when switching to the display of only television programs while securing the connection to the Internet, an icon indicating that the connection to the Internet is ongoing is displayed, so that the user can display the Internet browser screen. At the time of switching, it can be determined at a glance whether or not a new connection process is necessary, so that the screen display can be switched quickly and quickly.

  Furthermore, when displaying a browser screen and a television program in two screens, a message display indicating that it is a browser screen and a message display indicating that it is a television program screen are displayed for each screen. In addition, since the screen output indicating which screen the sound output in the two-screen display state is, the display screen can be switched reliably and easily. It is.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and can be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, Internet icons 502 and 602 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be configured to be displayed by characters instead of icons.

  Also, “Internet” 703 and “TV” 704 shown in FIG. 7 may not be characters but may be mark symbols or the like, and the note mark 705 may be configured to display characters instead of marks. Is.

1 is a circuit block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a television receiver according to the present invention. The figure which shows an example of the key arrangement | positioning of the remote controller applied to the television receiver of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the browser screen displayed with the television receiver of FIG. The figure which shows the other example of the browser screen displayed with the television receiver of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the display of the television program in the television receiver of FIG. The figure which shows the other example of the display of the television program in the television receiver of FIG. The figure which shows the two-screen display state of the browser screen and television program in the television receiver of FIG. The flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the television receiver of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Television receiver 101 ... Antenna 102 ... Antenna input terminal 103 ... Tuner 104 ... Demodulator 105 ... Demultiplexer 106 ... Decoder 107 ... Graphic processing part 108 ... OSD signal generation part 109 ... Video signal processing part 110 ... Display part 111 ... Audio signal processor 112 ... Audio output unit 113 ... Control unit 114 ... ROM
115 ... RAM
116: Non-volatile memory 117 ... HTML browser 118 ... Communication I / F
119: Communication terminal 120 ... Internet 121 ... Web server 122 ... Infrared light receiving unit 123 ... Operation input unit 124 ... Remote controller

Claims (5)

Receiving means for receiving a television signal;
Information acquisition means for acquiring a web page information from an external website by communication means and constructing a browser screen that can be displayed; and
Display means;
In the state where the television signal is received by the receiving means and the browser screen is constructed by the information acquiring means, a first video image is displayed on the display means based on the video signal of the television signal by the receiving means. A display form; a second display form for displaying on the display means a video based on the browser screen constructed by the information acquisition means; and both a video based on the video signal of the television signal and a video based on the browser screen A display switching means for switching between a third display mode for displaying a plurality of screens on the display means,
A television receiver comprising:   2. The television according to claim 1, wherein the display switching means sequentially switches the first display form, the second display form, and the third display form in a cyclic manner. Receiver.   When the display switching unit is switched to the first display form, the display unit includes a control unit that displays an indicator indicating that the connection with the website is ongoing on the display unit. The television receiver according to claim 1.   An indicator for distinguishing whether the video of the plurality of screens is a video based on a video signal of a television signal or a video of the browser screen when the display switching unit switches to the third display form The television receiver according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that displays a message on the display unit.   Furthermore, audio switching output means for selectively outputting audio based on the audio signal of the television signal and audio based on the audio signal included in the web page is provided, and the display switching means causes the third display mode to be set. When switched, the voice switching means is controlled to select one of the voice signals and output a voice based on the selected voice signal, and an indicator showing which voice is being output is displayed on the display means The television receiver according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to control.

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