JP2004229467A - Magnetizer for rotor magnet of permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Magnetizer for rotor magnet of permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004229467A
JP2004229467A JP2003017540A JP2003017540A JP2004229467A JP 2004229467 A JP2004229467 A JP 2004229467A JP 2003017540 A JP2003017540 A JP 2003017540A JP 2003017540 A JP2003017540 A JP 2003017540A JP 2004229467 A JP2004229467 A JP 2004229467A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
teeth
magnet
rotor
magnetizer
permanent magnet
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Pending
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JP2003017540A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mitsuhiro Koga
光浩 古賀
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Yaskawa Electric Corp
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Yaskawa Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2003017540A priority Critical patent/JP2004229467A/en
Publication of JP2004229467A publication Critical patent/JP2004229467A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetizer for rotor magnets that enables the magnets to be fully magnetized and improves the efficiency and the output torque of a motor. <P>SOLUTION: This magnetizer, which is provided with a magnetizing yoke 1 of a magnetically soft material, teeth 2, and coils 3 wound on the teeth to generate magnetic field, magnetizes the magnets of the magnets-embedded rotor which comprises a plurality of the magnets 4 which are embedded inside the rotor 5 via a gap inside the teeth 2. In this magnetizer, the teeth 2 are arranged at only two symmetric positions. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器の改良に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、着磁器は図4のように、着磁ヨーク1と回転子5の極数と同じ数のティース2をそなえ、ティース2に巻回された磁界を発生させるコイル3を備え、ティース2の内側に空隙を介して複数の磁石4を着磁する構成が一般的である。
こうした着磁装置の例としては、例えば、特許文献1に開示されている「回転子磁石の着磁装置」がある。図7はその「回転子磁石の着磁装置」を示した図であり、一般的に、希土類永久磁石を回転子表面に取付けた永久磁石同期モータ等の着磁装置は、コイル3にコンデンサ充電型等の電流供給装置から通電して永久磁石4に着磁するようにしている。
【0003】
この場合の着磁ヨーク1の磁路は、コイル起磁力による磁束Fを通しやすくするために磁性体で構成するが、希土類磁石のように高い着磁界が必要な永久磁石4を着磁する場合には大きなコイル起磁力が必要になり、着磁ヨーク1の磁路、特に永久磁石4と対面したティース2が磁気飽和してしまう。この場合、ティース2は磁性体でありながら磁気的な壁となり、磁束Fは主にスロット5内のコイル3とティース2の僅かな隙間Sを通り、ティース2先端の両端近傍と対向する空隙部a部を基に永久磁石4を着磁することになり、a部と対向したティース2の両端は着磁界が大きく、逆に、ティース2の中央のb部は小さくなる。その結果、モータ出力が高調波を含んだ波形となって、トルク脈動、回転リップルの増加と言った不都合が発生するので、ティース2の材質を磁性体から電気伝導率が低く、高熱伝導体のエポキシ樹脂等に交換して磁気飽和の影響を低減するようにしている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−308825号公報(第2ページ、図3)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来技術では、このようなティース部の磁気飽和による着磁界ムラに加えて、図7に示す隣接するティース2の各々の発生磁束Fの向きが逆になっているように、基本的には、隣接するティース2に巻回されるコイル3は対向位置の永久磁石を夫々S極、N極と異なる方向に磁化するために、逆向きに巻回され直列接続されて、回転子5の永久磁石磁極を全極同時に着磁が行われるので、コイルに大電流を印加して発生させる着磁磁界は図5のように隣り合うティースに引き寄せられることになって、ティース部の磁気飽和による影響とあいまって、回転子内の磁石4の特に端部において、着磁に不要な回転子接線成分の磁界が増え、逆に着磁に必要な回転子法線成分の磁界が減少してしまう。
その結果、図6に示すように、磁石4の端部K1、K2の着磁が不十分な形で、磁石の着磁が十分にできなくなり本来磁石が持っている性能を引き出せず、モータの効率低下やモータ出力トルクが減少するという問題があった。
【0006】
そこで、本発明は、着磁に不要な磁界成分の増加を抑え、着磁能力を向上させてモータの効率の向上と出力トルクの増加を図ることが可能な永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題を解決するため、請求項1に記載の発明は、軟磁性体の着磁ヨークとティースをそなえ、ティースに巻回された磁界を発生させるコイルを備え、ティース1の内側に空隙を介して複数の磁石を回転子内部に埋め込んだ磁石埋め込み形回転子の磁石を着磁する着磁器において、前記ティースを対称位置のみに2ケ配置したことを特徴としている。
以上の構成によって、着磁ティースを対称位置のみに2ケ配置したので、着磁能力が向上して磁石本来の特性を引き出せるようになる。
また、請求項2に記載の発明は、前記コイルが巻回されたティースによる着磁は、前記テイースと永久磁石の相対位置を回転等により変えて前記回転子の永久磁石全極に着磁を行うことを特徴としている。
以上のようにすることにより、従来装置で着磁していたあらゆるモータ回転子に対しても本装置を使って着磁することができるようになる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器の断面図である。
図2は図1に示す着磁器の着磁磁界を示す図である。
図3は図1に示す永久磁石の着磁分布を示す図である。
図1において、着磁ヨーク1とティース2は、渦電流を防止するため電磁鋼板などの軟磁性材料の板を重ねて構成する。
コイル3はティース1に所望の巻き回数分巻くか、あらかじめコイル3を巻いた後、ティース内側から挿入して構成する。コイル3は着磁の際に高電圧と衝撃が加わるため、絶縁と機械強度を保つため周囲を樹脂などの絶縁材料により補強する。磁石4はここでは6極の例で各磁石4の間には逆三角形の漏洩磁束防止孔を夫々設けている。
【0009】
つぎに動作について説明する。
先ず、ティース2に磁石4が対向するよう回転子5を位置決めする。この位置決め手段は図示していないが、例えば、回転子5をサーボモータ等により回転させる(着磁ヨーク1側を回転させて相対的位置を変えてもよい)方式である。
ティースと永久磁石の位置決めが完了したら、コンデンサに蓄えた電荷を放電させる着磁電源を用いて、コイル3に電流を印加する。着磁器と回転子5で構成される磁気回路は2ケのティース2と回転子5及びヨーク1となるため、着磁磁界は図2のようになり、従来の技術と比較して、磁石4端部の漏れ磁界を改善することができる。
図3は永久磁石4の周辺の磁界分布をあらわしたものであり、図3から判るように、磁石4の端部K1、K2の着磁が十分となり、着磁能力が向上していることがわかる。したがって、本来磁石が持っている性能を引き出すことができるようになる。
このようにして永久磁石4全体をムラなく完全に磁気飽和するように磁化することが可能になるが、ティース2は2個なので、図1では、先ず、6極の中の上下の位置の磁石4が着磁される。例えば、上の磁石がN極に着磁され、下の磁石がS極に着磁されるとすると、次に位置決め用のモータにより回転子5を60°回転させて位置決めした後、電流の方向を切換えて対向位置にある1組の磁石を着磁する。これを2工程行えば6極、全極の着磁ができる。
また、電流の方向を換えない場合は、60°×2=120°(磁石がN−S−N−Sの順に着磁されるように)回転させて位置決めを行い、隣の対向する1組の磁石を着磁する。続いて、同方向へ120°回転させて、対向する1組の磁石を着磁すれば、6極全極の着磁が完了する。どちらでも可能であり、着磁する極数等に応じて効率的な方を選択すればよい。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、着磁ティースを対称位置のみに2ケ配置し磁気回路に工夫を施したので、着磁能力が向上して磁石本来の特性を引き出せるため、モータの効率向上や出力トルク増加の効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器の断面図である。
【図2】図1に示す着磁器の着磁磁界を示す図である。
【図3】図1に示す磁石の着磁分布を示す図である。
【図4】従来の着磁器の断面図である。
【図5】図4に示す着磁器の着磁磁界を示す図である。
【図6】図6に示す磁石の着磁分布を示す図である。
【図7】従来の着磁器の磁束を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ヨーク
2 ティース
3 コイル
4 磁石
5 回転子
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved magnetizer for a permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor magnet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the magnetizer includes a magnet yoke 1 and teeth 2 having the same number of poles as the rotor 5, and includes a coil 3 that generates a magnetic field wound around the teeth 2. In general, a configuration in which a plurality of magnets 4 are magnetized inside through a gap is provided.
As an example of such a magnetizing device, for example, there is a “rotor magnet magnetizing device” disclosed in Patent Document 1. FIG. 7 is a view showing the "magnetizing device for the rotor magnet". In general, a magnetizing device such as a permanent magnet synchronous motor having a rare earth permanent magnet mounted on the rotor surface has a function of charging the coil 3 with a capacitor. A current is supplied from a current supply device such as a mold to magnetize the permanent magnet 4.
[0003]
In this case, the magnetic path of the magnetized yoke 1 is made of a magnetic material so that the magnetic flux F generated by the coil magnetomotive force can easily pass therethrough. However, when the permanent magnet 4 requiring a high magnetic field such as a rare earth magnet is magnetized. Requires a large coil magnetomotive force, and the magnetic path of the magnetized yoke 1, particularly the teeth 2 facing the permanent magnet 4, is magnetically saturated. In this case, the tooth 2 becomes a magnetic wall while being a magnetic material, and the magnetic flux F mainly passes through a small gap S between the coil 3 and the tooth 2 in the slot 5 and faces the vicinity of both ends of the tip of the tooth 2. The permanent magnet 4 is magnetized on the basis of the portion a, and the magnetic field applied to both ends of the tooth 2 facing the portion a is large, and conversely, the portion b at the center of the tooth 2 is small. As a result, the motor output becomes a waveform including harmonics, which causes inconveniences such as torque pulsation and an increase in rotational ripple. The influence of magnetic saturation is reduced by replacing with an epoxy resin or the like.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-308825 (second page, FIG. 3)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described prior art, in addition to the unevenness of the magnetic field caused by the magnetic saturation of the teeth, the directions of the generated magnetic fluxes F of the adjacent teeth 2 shown in FIG. The coil 3 wound around the adjacent teeth 2 is wound in the opposite direction and connected in series in order to magnetize the permanent magnets at the opposing positions in directions different from the S pole and the N pole, respectively. The magnetizing magnetic field generated by applying a large current to the coil is attracted to the adjacent teeth as shown in FIG. Combined with the influence of the above, the magnetic field of the rotor tangential component unnecessary for magnetization increases, particularly at the end of the magnet 4 in the rotor, and conversely, the magnetic field of the rotor normal component required for magnetization decreases. I will.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the magnetization of the magnets 4 is insufficiently magnetized at the ends K1 and K2, and the magnets cannot be sufficiently magnetized. There has been a problem that the efficiency is reduced and the motor output torque is reduced.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention provides a permanent magnet type synchronous motor rotor magnet capable of suppressing an increase in a magnetic field component unnecessary for magnetization, improving magnetizing ability, and improving motor efficiency and output torque. It is intended to provide a magnetizer.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a coil having a magnetized yoke made of a soft magnetic material and teeth, and a coil that generates a magnetic field wound around the teeth. In the magnetizer for magnetizing the magnet of the magnet-embedded rotor in which a plurality of magnets are embedded inside the rotor, two teeth are arranged only at symmetrical positions.
With the above configuration, two magnetizing teeth are arranged only at symmetrical positions, so that the magnetizing ability is improved and the original characteristics of the magnet can be brought out.
In the invention according to claim 2, the magnetization by the teeth around which the coil is wound is performed by changing the relative position of the teeth and the permanent magnet by rotation or the like to magnetize all the permanent magnet poles of the rotor. It is characterized by doing.
As described above, the present apparatus can be used to magnetize any motor rotor that has been magnetized by the conventional apparatus.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a magnetizer of a permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a magnetizing magnetic field of the magnetizer shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the magnetization distribution of the permanent magnet shown in FIG.
In FIG. 1, the magnetized yoke 1 and the teeth 2 are formed by stacking sheets of a soft magnetic material such as an electromagnetic steel sheet to prevent eddy current.
The coil 3 is formed by winding the teeth 1 a desired number of times or by winding the coil 3 in advance and then inserting the coil 3 from inside the teeth. Since a high voltage and impact are applied to the coil 3 during magnetization, its periphery is reinforced with an insulating material such as resin to maintain insulation and mechanical strength. Here, the magnets 4 each have six poles, and each of the magnets 4 is provided with an inverted triangular leakage flux prevention hole between the magnets 4.
[0009]
Next, the operation will be described.
First, the rotor 5 is positioned so that the magnet 4 faces the teeth 2. Although this positioning means is not shown, for example, a method in which the rotor 5 is rotated by a servomotor or the like (the relative position may be changed by rotating the magnetization yoke 1 side).
When the positioning of the teeth and the permanent magnet is completed, a current is applied to the coil 3 using a magnetizing power supply for discharging the electric charge stored in the capacitor. Since the magnetic circuit composed of the magnetizer and the rotor 5 is composed of two teeth 2, the rotor 5 and the yoke 1, the magnetizing magnetic field is as shown in FIG. The end stray magnetic field can be improved.
FIG. 3 shows the magnetic field distribution around the permanent magnet 4. As can be seen from FIG. 3, it can be seen that the magnetization of the ends K1 and K2 of the magnet 4 is sufficient and the magnetizing ability is improved. Understand. Therefore, the performance originally possessed by the magnet can be brought out.
In this manner, the entire permanent magnet 4 can be magnetized so as to be completely magnetically saturated without any unevenness. However, since the number of the teeth 2 is two, in FIG. 4 is magnetized. For example, assuming that the upper magnet is magnetized to the N pole and the lower magnet is magnetized to the S pole, the rotor 5 is then rotated by 60 ° by a positioning motor to determine the direction of the current. To magnetize one set of magnets at the opposing position. If this process is performed in two steps, six poles and all poles can be magnetized.
When the direction of the current is not changed, the positioning is performed by rotating the magnet by 60 ° × 2 = 120 ° (so that the magnets are magnetized in the order of NSNS), and a pair of adjacent opposing sets is rotated. Magnetize the magnet. Subsequently, the magnets are rotated by 120 ° in the same direction to magnetize a pair of opposed magnets, thereby completing the magnetization of all six poles. Either is possible, and the more efficient one may be selected according to the number of poles to be magnetized.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, two magnetizing teeth are arranged only at symmetrical positions and the magnetic circuit is devised, so that the magnetizing ability is improved and the original characteristics of the magnet can be brought out. This has the effect of improving efficiency and increasing output torque.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a magnetizer of a permanent magnet type synchronous motor rotor magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a magnetizing magnetic field of the magnetizer shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a magnetization distribution of the magnet shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional magnetizer.
5 is a diagram showing a magnetizing magnetic field of the magnetizer shown in FIG.
6 is a diagram showing a magnetization distribution of the magnet shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a magnetic flux of a conventional magnetizer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Yoke 2 Teeth 3 Coil 4 Magnet 5 Rotor

Claims (2)

軟磁性体の着磁ヨークとティースをそなえ、ティースに巻回された磁界を発生させるコイルを備え、ティースの内側に空隙を介して複数の磁石を回転子内部に埋め込んだ磁石埋め込み形回転子の磁石を着磁する着磁器において、
前記ティースを対称位置のみに2ケ配置したことを特徴とする永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器。
A magnet-embedded rotor with a magnetized yoke of soft magnetic material and teeth, a coil that generates a magnetic field wound around the teeth, and a plurality of magnets embedded inside the rotor through a gap inside the teeth In a magnetizer that magnetizes a magnet,
A permanent magnet type synchronous motor rotor magnet magnetizer, wherein two teeth are arranged only at symmetrical positions.
前記コイルが巻回されたティースによる着磁は、前記ティースと永久磁石の相対位置を回転により変えて前記回転子の永久磁石全極に着磁を行うことを特徴とする請求項1記載の永久磁石形同期モータ回転子磁石の着磁器。2. The permanent magnet according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing by the teeth wound with the coil changes the relative position of the teeth and the permanent magnet by rotation to magnetize all the permanent magnet poles of the rotor. 3. Magnet synchronous motor rotor magnet magnetizer.
JP2003017540A 2003-01-27 2003-01-27 Magnetizer for rotor magnet of permanent magnet synchronous motor Pending JP2004229467A (en)

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JP2003017540A JP2004229467A (en) 2003-01-27 2003-01-27 Magnetizer for rotor magnet of permanent magnet synchronous motor

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006304556A (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-11-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Magnetizing method for rotor magnet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006304556A (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-11-02 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Magnetizing method for rotor magnet

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