JP2003126727A - Method and apparatus for sorting plastic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for sorting plastic waste, by which polyolefin-based plastic having specific gravity lower than that of water and floating on the water in a water tank recovered mainly without incorporating other plastic in it. SOLUTION: This apparatus (10) for sorting the plastic waste is provided with the water tank (30) filled with water to the prescribed height, a unit (20) having a feed port (25) opened to the water in the tank (30) for feeding the crushed pieces of plastic waste, a floating component collecting unit (40) arranged at the position where the floating component of the crushed pieces fed into the water through the port (25) floats on the water surface, a floating component withdrawing port (11) arranged in the upper part of the tank (30) and a settling component discharging port (14) arranged at the bottom of the tank (30).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating plastic waste from which recycled plastic having high purity can be obtained.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of separating plastic wastes by utilizing a difference in specific gravity with respect to water has been known.

For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-195656, a crushed material such as a plastic waste thrown into a liquid is separated into a floating state by the difference in specific gravity of the material, and a crushed material of a desired floating layer is recovered. A water tank having a pulverized material input section and a water injection section at one end and a plurality of upper and lower drainage sections and a pulverized material recovery section corresponding to the drained section at the other end; It is provided after that and in the vicinity of the insertion part,
A sorting device for plastic waste, which comprises: a stirrer for ejecting a water stream that is struck on the water surface in a water tank; It is disclosed. The crushed material such as plastic waste is separated into low specific gravity components floating or floating in the liquid and high specific gravity components sinking in water by this sorting device.

In this apparatus, a low specific gravity component made of a polyolefin plastic suspended in a liquid is separated from high specific gravity components such as polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene polymer and polystyrene.
Even a high specific gravity component floats on water because it is molded into a foam. For example, polystyrene foam is included in this low specific gravity component. As described above, the inclusion of the polystyrene foam in the separated material containing the polyolefin-based plastic as a main component causes a deterioration in the quality of the polyolefin-based recycled resin. Further, if the foam is mixed in the separated matter, even if the foam is a polyolefin foam, it is necessary to provide a degassing step, which complicates the recovery step.

On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-126743, a sorting section for separating by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of plastics is provided between a water supply section and a drain section, and a plurality of plastic recovery containers provided in the sorting section In order from the container closest to the water supply part, the higher specific gravity components than the lower specific gravity components that are submerged in water are stored separately, and the components with lower specific gravity than water are installed in the plate-like strainer at the rear end of the water tank. Is disclosed for selecting a high-specific-gravity plastic component that is floated on the water surface in front of. This equipment selects polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer and polystyrene contained in high specific gravity plastic components by the difference in specific gravity, and collects the polyolefin plastic components, which have a lower specific gravity than water, in high purity. I can't.

[0006]

A further object of the present invention is to efficiently collect the foamed plastic component mixed in the collected product of the polyolefin plastic component floating in water, thereby recovering the polyolefin plastic with high purity. A method and an apparatus for separating plastic waste are provided.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for separating plastic waste, which can reduce the steps such as degassing of the recovered polyolefin plastic component.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a novel dosing device for dosing crushed plastic waste in water.

[0009] A further object of the present invention is to provide a trapping device for selectively trapping floating components in plastic waste.

[0010]

The method for separating plastic waste according to the present invention comprises the steps of introducing crushed pieces of plastic waste consisting of a plurality of components into the water of a water tank; preventing the floating components from floating quickly on the water surface from being dispersed. And collecting by suction while collecting the floating components floating in the water together with the water flow from the water tank; and forcibly moving the sedimentary components sinking to the bottom of the water to discharge them from the water tank and collecting them. It is characterized by

When the crushed pieces of plastic waste are put into the water of the aquarium, the lightest plastic foam quickly rises to the surface of the water. Since this levitation is rapid, it concentrates on a specific area of the water surface. The floating component mainly composed of foam is prevented from being dispersed, and the specific region is collected by suction using a vacuum and taken out of the tank to separate the floating component.
The levitation components collected in this way are mainly trays,
It is made of foam such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene derived from packaging materials. The floating component thus collected is sent to the subsequent recovery step.

Since the expanded polystyrene is removed as a floating component in this manner, the components floating in water are mainly polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. This floating component is moved by the water flow and taken out together with water. In this way, a high-purity polyolefin component containing no expanded polystyrene or the like can be collected.

The components that settle at the bottom of the water are mainly composed of polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, polystyrene, etc., which have a higher specific gravity than water.
The sedimentary components include rubber products derived from shoes and the like, metal pieces derived from lids of PET bottles, and other impurities. These are collected and discharged to a discharge port provided at the bottom of the water tank.

By the method of the present invention, in principle, a high-purity polyolefin component containing no foam component can be recovered.

The plastic waste sorting apparatus of the present invention comprises a water tank filled with water up to a predetermined height; a plastic waste crushed piece charging apparatus having a charging port opening into the water in the water tank; A flotation component collecting device provided at a position where the flotation component contained in the crushed pieces thrown into water floats on the water surface; a floating component extraction port provided at the upper part of the water tank; and a bottom part of the water tank And a settling component discharge port provided;

By using this apparatus, the sorting method of the present invention can be carried out.

The apparatus of the present invention further comprises an induction device for promoting floating movement of the floating components to the outlet, such as a water wheel, so that the floating components move efficiently toward the outlet. A plurality of water turbines are arranged in parallel from the upper side to the lower side of the flow, and by the rotation of the water wheels, the water flow near the water surface and the movement of the floating components are directed to the outlet, and the turbine closest to the outlet of the floating components By scraping floating components from the outlet to the outside of the water tank,
The floating components can be efficiently taken out from the water tank.

[0018] In this device, further, by providing the guiding device for guiding the sedimentation component to the discharge port, the sedimentation component efficiently moves to the discharge port. V with the bottom of the aquarium narrowed
In the case of the character shape, by disposing a screw conveyor rotating by a drive source as such a guiding device, the components settling at the bottom can be guided to the discharge port without delay. By changing the direction of the blade of the screw conveyor in the reverse direction at a predetermined position of the screw shaft, by providing a discharge port at or near the bottom of the water tank corresponding to the predetermined position, sedimentation components at the discharge port Can be induced. On the other hand, by providing outlets at or near the bottom of the water tank corresponding to positions near both ends of the screw shaft, and rotating the screw shaft in the opposite direction, sedimentation from the predetermined position to the upper part It is possible to discharge the components and the sediment components that have settled to the lower part from the predetermined position through another outlet, and it is possible to separate the components that are likely to sediment and the components that are difficult to sediment among the sediment components.

The present invention further provides a novel dosing device for debris of plastic waste.

The charging device of the present invention comprises: a hopper for receiving crushed pieces of plastic waste; a passage for guiding the crushed pieces into water; a means for feeding the crushed pieces provided in the passage; And a charging port that opens into the passage and discharges the crushed pieces into water.

As a result, the crushed pieces of the plastic waste are discharged into the water in the water tank.

In this charging device, the passage portion is made of an elongated hollow member installed in the water in an inclined state, and the charging port is formed so as to open upward at the position of the elongated hollow member submerged in water. The crushed pieces of the plastic waste moving through the hollow member are discharged into the water through the charging port.

By making the opening area of the charging port adjustable, the opening area can be adjusted according to the actual situation to set the optimum discharging conditions.

By making the slant angle of the elongated hollow member adjustable in water, the slant angle can be adjusted to set the optimum discharge condition.

If the feeding means is a screw conveyor, the crushed pieces of the plastic waste can be continuously fed in a stable amount without agglomeration.

By constructing the hopper so that water is also supplied, it is possible to disperse the crushed fragments of the plastic waste in the charging device without entraining bubbles.
It is possible to prevent the components other than the foam component from suddenly rising when released into the water in the water tank.

The present invention further provides a novel device for collecting flotation components contained in crushed pieces of plastic waste.

The levitation component contained in the crushed pieces of plastic waste has expanded polystyrene as a main component, and when mixed with the levitation component mainly composed of polyolefin, the purity of the regenerated polyolefin is lowered. Reducing this contamination is the most important factor in obtaining a highly purified recycled polyolefin.

The trapping device of the present invention comprises a partition wall member which isolates a partial region of the water surface from other regions; in the region surrounded by the partition member, it does not contact the water surface but opens at a position close to the water surface. A suction device having a suction port; the lower part of the partition member is submerged in water, and a region surrounded by the partition member is a floating component contained in the crushed pieces of the plastic waste put in the water. Is a region that floats above the water surface.

The partition member suppresses the diffusion of the floating component, and the floating component remains inside the partition member. The suction device is composed of, for example, a suction pipeline equipped with a suction blower, and the suction port is an opening at one end of the pipe, and the opening position does not substantially suck water, and efficiently sucks a floating component. Set to position.

The trapping device further comprises a rotary blade that rotates so as to droop the water surface inside the region separated by the partition member, and the suction port does not come into contact with the rotary blade. It is desirable to open slightly above the blade. The floating component moves to the suction position one after another, and the suction efficiency is improved.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic top view for explaining the structure of an example of a sorting apparatus according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows I-I
A sectional view, FIG. 3 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a right side view thereof.

The crushed pieces of the plastic waste to be separated include a floating component X that floats rapidly on the water surface, a floating component Y that floats in the water, and a sedimentation component Z that sinks to the bottom of the water when thrown into water.

The sorting device 10 is a throwing device 2 for introducing crushed pieces of water and plastic waste to the right end in the figure in a horizontally long box having a high peripheral wall 10a and an open top.
0 is arranged, a weir 11 is erected at the left end, the tank portion 30 up to the right side wall 12 of the box is filled with water, and a collection chamber 13 for the floating component Y is provided on the left side adjacent to the weir 11. Has been. This weir 11 functions as an outlet for water and the floating component Y.

The water and the floating component Y can move over the weir 11 and move from the tank 30 to the collection chamber 13. In this embodiment, the tank portion 30 has a length of 7.5 m, a width of 2 m and a depth of 2.5 m. An outlet 1 for the sediment component Z near the bottom of the tank 30
4 is open. When viewed from the right side, the lower portion of the tank portion 30 is narrowed in a V shape as shown in FIG. 4, and a screw conveyor 15 having the length of the tank portion 30 is disposed at the narrow bottom portion. The direction changes in the opposite direction at the center of the screw shaft, and the rotation of the screw shaft in one direction moves the sedimentation component Z toward the discharge port 14 provided at the center bottom of the tank unit 30. In this embodiment, the screw conveyor 15 has a diameter of about 28 cm and a pitch of about 2
Although it is 6 cm, such a design adopts the most suitable design based on the shape of the tank section 30 and the amount of sedimentation components in the supplied plastic waste.

A collecting device 40 for collecting the levitation component X that rapidly floats on the surface of the water near the charging device 20 is provided. The collecting device 40 includes a partition frame 16 which is an isolation member for preventing the diffusion of the floating component X, a rotary blade 17 whose rotation speed is adjustable to collect the floating component X at a predetermined position in the partition frame 16, and a suction pipe. And a line 41. The lower part of the partition frame 16 is submerged in water. At the predetermined position inside the partition frame 16, the suction port 41a of the suction pipeline 41 is provided at a position close to, but not in contact with the water surface. The levitation component X that suddenly floats from the suction port 41a to the water surface is sucked and collected, moves along the pipeline 41, and moves to the tank portion 3
Removed from zero.

In this embodiment, three water wheels 50A, 50B and 50C are provided on the front and rear walls 10 of the box as a guiding device for guiding the floating component Y on the water flow and guiding it to the weir 11 above the tank portion 30.
It is axially supported in parallel with a. These water wheels 50A, 50
B, 50C drive source motors 51A, 51B, 51C
At the set speed to wash the floating component Y floating in the water on the outside of the partition frame 16 and promote the floating, and the flow of the upper layer portion of the water filled in the tank portion 30 into the collecting chamber 13. Let go. The rotation speed of each motor can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose, but it is preferable that the rotation speed of each motor is sequentially lower toward the lower side of the flow. As a result, the flow of the floating component Y is not disturbed, and gentle and reliable movement can be realized. Further, the water turbine 50C installed at the bottom of the flow scoops up the floating component Y that has moved floatingly and reached the weir 11. As a result, the floating component Y can move over the weir 11 to the collection chamber 13. As shown in FIG. 1, each blade of these water turbines is provided with a plurality of drain holes for reducing the resistance of water. The collection chamber 13 is provided with a screw conveyor 18 for sending the floating component Y together with water to the subsequent processing step.

The charging device 20 is provided with a hopper 21 that opens toward a supply port 61 of a supply device 60 for continuously supplying crushed pieces of plastic waste, and crushed pieces of plastic waste received by the hopper 21. A hollow member 22 which is a passage for feeding water into the tank portion 30, a screw conveyor 23 which is disposed inside the hollow member 22 and which continuously and appropriately inputs the crushed pieces into water, and the screw conveyor 2
And a motor 24 that rotates 3 at a set speed.
The hollow member 22 is installed so as to enter the tank portion 30 in an inclined state, and has a charging port 25 that opens upward.

Water is further supplied to the hopper 21 from a water supply pipeline 70.

The sorting device 10 is mounted on a pedestal 80 having five legs each at the front and rear, and the bottom surface 30a of the tank portion 30 is not grounded. The screw conveyor 15 in the tank portion 30 is rotated by the motor 15A.

The discharge port 14 near the bottom of the tank 30 is provided with a screw conveyor (not shown) inside and communicates with the upwardly inclined closed passage 90, and the sediment component Z discharged from the discharge port 14 is forcibly forced. It is carried upward and entrusted to the subsequent processing steps. The closed passage 90 has an upper end located above the water surface of the tank portion 30 so that the water level of the tank portion 30 can be maintained.

The floating component X sucked and collected from the suction port 41a moves in the pipeline 41, and is sent to the cyclone 43 by the suction blower 42 and collected.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and is a partial sectional view of the charging device 20 and the collecting device 40 in the sorting device 10. 6 is a perspective view in which a part of the collection device 40 is omitted, FIG. 7 is a top view thereof, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the charging device 20 and the collecting device 40.

The hopper 21 for receiving the water from the water supply pipeline 70 and the crushed pieces of the plastic waste from the crushed piece supply device 60 is formed integrally with the hollow member 22, and the substance received by the hopper 21 is the hollow member 22. It has a structure to be fed inside.

As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment,
The hollow member 22 forming the elongated passage is formed by closing the upper open portion of the U-shaped tube with a closing plate, and a part of the closing plate is cut out as an input port 25 to open. The input port 25 is
As shown in FIG. 9, the inner width (b) of the U-shaped tube is about 30c.
A width of m and a length (a) of about 30 to 50 cm. Since the opening area is related to the amount of crushed pieces released into the water, the cover member 2 for adjusting the opening area of the charging port 25.
6 is provided slidably and fixably. In this embodiment, from the lower end of the opening of the charging port 25 to the water surface (W)
The distance (H) is 70 cm.

As shown in FIG. 5, a screw conveyor 23 is installed in the hollow member 22 for sequentially moving the substance received by the hopper 21 toward the front of the passage. In this embodiment, the screw conveyor 23 has a screw diameter of 25 cm and a pitch of 26 cm, and is rotated at a set speed by a motor 24 provided outside the hollow member 22. When the rotation speed is increased, the amount of the crushed pieces of the plastic waste in water per unit time is increased, and when the rotation speed is decreased, the amount is decreased.
The screw diameter, pitch and rotation speed are appropriately selected according to the purpose.

The inclination angle (θ) of the hollow member 22 influences the position and area of the floating component X contained in the crushed pieces released in water, which floats on the water surface. Partition frame 16 installed
The tilt angle (θ) can be appropriately adjusted by the adjusting member 27 so that the floating component X floats inside. The levitating position of the levitating component X levitating on the water surface changes depending on the type and amount of the components contained in the crushed pieces of the plastic waste to be input, so it is desirable to appropriately adjust the inclination angle θ. When the inclination angle θ is made smaller, the inclination of the hollow member 22 becomes steeper and the position of the inlet 25 becomes deep in the water, which causes a difference in the levitation time and the levitation position of the levitation component X and the levitation component Y. Generally, it is preferable that the inclination angle θ is set in the range of about 40 ° to about 70 °.

By adjusting the opening area of the charging port 25 by the cover member 26, adjusting the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 23, and adjusting the inclination angle (θ) of the hollow member 22, the sorting apparatus 10 is charged with plastic. Input conditions are set to appropriately separate each component contained in the crushed pieces of waste.

The trapping device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an inner diameter (D) of about 60 cm and a height (c + d) of about 20 cm constituting a partition member which is a constituent element of the collection device 40.
The cylindrical partition frame 16 is suspended in the tank portion 30 by the suspension member 19 (FIG. 5), and the lower portion (c) of the partition frame 16 is submerged in water for about 10 cm. Inside the partition frame 16,
The rotating blade 17 having a diameter (R) of about 55 cm, a width (G) of about 10 cm, and an inclination (θ) of about 15 to about 20 degrees has a predetermined rotation speed (N) so as to dredge the water surface, preferably about 10 to about 50.
It is designed to rotate at revolutions / minute. The inner diameter (e) of the suction pipeline 41 is about 8 to about 10 cm, and the suction port 41a is located above the rotary blade 17 (BA) at about 0.5 to about 1.0 cm. By the collecting device 40 designed in this way, the floating component X is efficiently collected in the suction pipeline 41 while suppressing the suction of water to the minimum.

As shown in FIG. 9, the levitation component X introduced into the water from the introduction port 25 of the introduction device 20 rapidly rises in the water and floats on the water surface in the partition frame 16. The floating component floating on the water surface is sucked from the suction port 41a of the suction pipeline 41, and the rotary blade 17 constantly moves the floating component X toward the suction port 41a.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the method and the apparatus of the present invention, in the method for separating plastic waste, use the recovered mixture as a preliminary step in a coarse crusher as shown in FIG. The high specific gravity plastic and low specific gravity plastic are separated by the first specific gravity separator.
The obtained low specific gravity plastic is further subjected to a washing treatment with a fine pulverizer to obtain a crushed piece of plastic waste as a finely pulverized product, and a high specific gravity plastic which is a sedimentation component, a low specific gravity plastic which is a floating component, and a floating component. It is most suitable for use as a second specific gravity separator for fractionating into some expanded polystyrene.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the sorting apparatus of the present invention. In this embodiment, discharge ports 14L and 14R are provided at both ends of the conveyor shaft of the conveyor belt 15 at the bottom of the water tank 30. As described with reference to FIG. 2, the direction of the blade of the screw conveyor 15 changes in the opposite direction near the center of the screw shaft, and the forward rotation of the screw shaft causes the blade to settle toward the discharge port 14 provided at the center bottom of the tank unit 30. Move the component Z, but when the screw shaft reverses,
The screw conveyor 15 moves the sedimentation component Z from the central position of the screw shaft whose blade direction has changed toward both ends of the shaft. As shown in FIG. 11, the discharge port 14L is provided near the left end of the screw shaft, and the discharge port 1 is provided near the right end of the screw shaft.
When 4R is provided, the sediment component Z is separated into the outlet 14L and the outlet 14R. In FIG. 11, since the charging device 20 is installed on the right side of the water tank 30, the metal, polyvinyl chloride, etc., which are the components having the highest specific gravity contained in the sedimentation component Z, rapidly sediment, and the region of sedimentation is as shown in FIG. 11
At the bottom of the right side. On the other hand, polystyrene or the like, which is contained in the sedimentation component Z but has a slightly lower specific gravity than the sedimentation component Z, is gently sedimented and is flowed into the water flow, and the region of sedimentation is biased to the bottom on the left side in FIG. as a result,
From the outlet 14R on the right side in FIG. 11, the sedimentation component Z mainly composed of metal, polyvinyl chloride, etc. is separated and discharged,
From the outlet 14L on the left side in the figure, the sedimentation component Z mainly composed of polystyrene or the like is separately discharged. in this way,
With the sorting apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of types of components contained in the sedimentation component Z are sorted into either the left or the right by the difference in specific gravity,
It can be collected from each outlet.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and design changes and addition of various devices that are industrially performed to increase the sorting efficiency are included in the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the content of polystyrene or the like contained in the polyolefin-based reclaimed resin obtained by fractionation and regeneration by the conventional fractionation method can be remarkably reduced, and a high-purity polyolefin-based reclaimed resin can be produced. it can. In addition, reuse of each of the separated components can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a sorting device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.

3 is a front view of the sorting device of FIG. 1. FIG.

4 is a right side view of the sorting device of FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example of a collection device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the collection device of FIG.

8 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

9 is a view for explaining the arrangement of a charging device and a collecting device in the sorting device of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a plastic waste sorting process.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the sorting apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Sorting device, 11 ... Weir, 12 ... Side wall, 13 ... Collection chamber, 14 ... Discharge port, 15 ... Screw conveyor, 16 ...
Partition frame, 17 ... Rotating blades, 18 ... Screw conveyor, 20 ... Feeding device, 21 ... Hopper, 22 ... Hollow member, 23 ... Screw conveyor, 24 ... Motor, 25 ...
Input port, 30 ... Tank part, 40 ... Collection device, 40a ... Suction port, 42 ... Suction blower, 43 ... Cyclone, 50A, 5
0B, 50C ... Water turbine, 51A, 51B, 51C ... Motor, 60 ... Supply device, 61 ... Supply port, 70 ... Water supply pipeline.

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D071 AA62 AB03 AB05 AB07 AB14                       AB43 AB52 AB55 DA15                 4F301 AA05 AA13 AA14 AA15 AA17                       AA20 AA25 BA02 BA11 BA29                       BF09 BG16 BG21 BG53

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A step of introducing a crushed piece of plastic waste consisting of a plurality of components into water in a water tank; a step of collecting by suction while preventing dispersion of a floating component that rapidly floats on the water surface; and a floating component floating in water. A method for separating plastic waste, comprising the steps of: collecting by collecting it with the water flow to the outside of the water tank; and forcibly moving a sedimentation component that sinks to the bottom of the water to discharge it from the water tank and collecting it. 2. A water tank filled with water to a predetermined height; a device for crushing pieces of plastic waste having an inlet opening into the water in the water tank; and a crushed piece introduced into water from the inlet. A flotation component collection device provided at a position where the contained flotation component floats on the water surface; a floating component extraction port provided in the water tank; and a sedimentation component discharge port provided at the bottom of the water tank. Plastic waste sorting equipment. 3. The sorting apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a guiding device for promoting floating movement of the floating component outside a region surrounded by the partition member. 4. The sorting device according to claim 2, further comprising a guiding device for guiding the sedimentation component to the discharge port. 5. A hopper portion for receiving crushed pieces of plastic waste; a passage portion for guiding the crushed pieces into water; a means for feeding the crushed pieces provided in the passage portion; an opening in the passage portion. A charging port for discharging the crushed pieces into water, and a charging port for discharging the plastic waste into the water. 6. The passage according to claim 5, wherein the passage portion is formed of an elongated hollow member installed in water in an inclined state, and the charging port is opened upward at a position where the hollow member is submerged in water. Input device. 7. The charging device according to claim 6, wherein the area of the charging port is adjustable. 8. The inclination angle of the elongated hollow member in water is
The charging device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the charging device is adjustable. 9. The charging device according to claim 5, wherein the feeding means is a screw conveyor. 10. The throwing device according to claim 5, wherein water is further supplied to the hopper portion. 11. A partition member for isolating a partial area of the water surface from other areas; and a suction device having a suction port which is not in contact with the water surface but is open to a position close to the water surface in the area surrounded by the partition member. And the lower part of the partition member is submerged in water, and the region surrounded by the partition member is a region where the floating component contained in the crushed pieces of the plastic waste put into water floats on the water surface. A device for collecting levitation components contained in crushed pieces of plastic waste. 12. A rotary vane that rotates so as to dredge the water surface inside the region isolated by the partition wall member, and the suction port is slightly above the rotary vane so as not to contact the rotary vane. The opening is in
Collection device described. 13. The sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the guiding device is composed of a plurality of water wheels arranged in parallel, and the rotation of the water wheels directs the movement of the water flow and the floating components near the water surface toward the outlet. The water turbine closest to the outlet is installed so as to have a function of scraping out the floating components from the outlet to the outside of the water tank. 14. The sorting device according to claim 4, wherein the guiding device is a screw conveyor, and the direction of the blade of the screw conveyor is changed in the opposite direction at a predetermined position of the screw shaft. Sorting device. 15. The sorting apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the discharge port is provided at or near the bottom of the water tank corresponding to the predetermined position of the screw shaft of the screw conveyor. apparatus. 16. The sorting apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the discharge ports are provided at or near the bottom of the water tank corresponding to positions near both ends of the screw shaft.