KR100904303B1 - A wet sorting method for waste plastics using specific gravity difference - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method that can be screened by the specific gravity of the light weight garbage including particularly light weight among the garbage of plastics, the process of sorting the waste of plastics mixed in various types by weight using wind power, and The process of crushing the waste which has not been sorted by weight, the process of separating foreign matters in order to classify it to the correct specific gravity in the process of crushing the waste, mixing the crushed waste with water using a stirring furnace, and the waste mixed with water In tanks containing water, at least two compartments for each specific gravity are contained and the water phase. It is intended to provide a method of sorting by sorting by gravity.

Waste Plastic, Wind Screening, Wet Heavy Duty Screening, Fines Separation

Description

A wet sorting method for waste plastics using specific gravity difference}

1 is a process diagram of the present invention

2 is a device diagram according to the present invention

3 is a device diagram of the wind screening according to the present invention

4 is a device diagram of a shredding apparatus according to the present invention

5 is a specific gravity screening device according to the present invention

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the specific gravity screening apparatus according to the present invention

Figure 7 is a state diagram cut in the plane of the tank according to the present invention

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

11 tank 12 stirring furnace (a, b)

13: compartment (a, b) 14: housing

16: rotating shaft (a, b) 18: hopper
19: water seal 19: auxiliary water seal (a, b) 21: dust collector (a, b) 23: discharge port (a, b, c) 26: blower 27: collecting container
28: auxiliary compartment (a, b)

delete

delete

delete

delete

The present invention relates to a method for sorting by the specific gravity of the waste among the waste plastics used as household goods, the process of sorting the waste of plastics mixed in various types by weight using wind power, and the size The process of crushing wastes that are not sorted by weight due to the variety of weights, separating foreign matters in order to classify them to the correct specific gravity during the crushing process of wastes, and mixing the crushed wastes with water using a stirring furnace. The waste mixed with water is separated into at least two compartments with the minimum specific buoyancy, and the waste is separated into at least two compartments, and the material is desorbed while stirring in each compartment. It overflows and is sorted by specific gravity and sorted by type.

Unlike synthetic plastics, synthetic plastics require a lot of time to decompose, so if you put synthetic plastics on the ground, the soil becomes desolate, if it burns, the air is polluted, and if it is disposed of in water, the water is contaminated. However, synthetic plastics have different properties due to the synthesis, molecular structure, molecular arrangement, etc. of plastics, and thus, there is a problem in that each unique property cannot be obtained when all plastics are mixed and recycled.

The present invention is to sort the waste, which is a mixed waste plastics by possible types, according to the distance by which the plastic moves and falls by the strength of the wind using the wind power, and in the case of plastics having different weights but different types, The waste is crushed to a small size, the foreign matter is removed, and the waste introduced into the tank is mixed with water by the stirring furnace, and each waste is discharged with water by specific gravity, and is introduced into at least two compartments by specific gravity. The stirring furnace formed in the compartment is operated to stir the waste again and sufficiently mixed with water and to be separated by specific gravity with water and discharged.

The specific gravity of synthetic plastics is different from specific gravity of more than 1 and less than 1, but it is rare that more than 3 in minimum and maximum and it is not easy to separate by type from many kinds of plastics.

In addition, even in the same type of plastic, since buoyancy varies depending on the volume, it is preferable that the buoyancy assumes a zero state in order to separate by specific gravity.

However, it does not matter if all the garbage is shredded to the same size.

If foreign matter such as soil is attached to the garbage, the specific gravity is different, so in the present invention, it is preferable to assume the complete separation of the material.

The present invention is a process for sorting by weight using wind power, and crushing the waste not sorted by weight due to the variety of size and small weight difference in the wind process to a size of 10 ~ 20 mesh and to separate the foreign matter in the crushing process of waste The process of crushing while passing through the first crusher and the second crusher, mixing the crushed waste with water using a stirring furnace, accommodating the waste mixed with water by specific gravity, and the received waste It consists of a process that is distinguished by specific gravity by operation.

1 illustrates the process of the present invention.

2 illustrates an apparatus for achieving the present invention.

3 is a wind screening device according to the present invention.

4 is a shredding apparatus according to the present invention.

5 is a device for sorting by specific gravity according to the present invention.

6 is a detailed view of a device for sorting by specific gravity according to the present invention.

7 is a plan cutaway view of a tank according to the invention.

The waste to be sorted in the present invention is limited to the waste sorted as synthetic plastics, and selects lightweight household goods such as plastic sheets, plastic bags, and PET bottles, but does not necessarily limit types.

 Including the windscreen selection device in the present invention is to simplify the type in the specific gravity screening.

Including the shredding device in the present invention aims at accurate sorting of specific gravity by shredding the waste into small units to make the buoyancy as the minimum unit.

As shown in FIG. 3, the chamber 111 and the conveyor 113 including the guide box 112 according to the present invention are fixed to the frame 127.

The upper end of the conveyor 113 is configured to be in close proximity to the guide bin 112 is configured to transfer the waste to the guide bin 112.

A predetermined gap is formed between the upper end of the conveyor 113 and the guide box 112 so that foreign matters of weight fall from the garbage transported to the guide box 112.

Garbage transferred from the conveyor 113 is transferred to the chamber 111 through the guide bin 112, and foreign matters of the garbage passing through the guide bin 112 are formed to fall while passing through the guide bin 112.

The bottom of the guide box 112 is equipped with a vibration vibration 115 for vibrating the guide box 112 is configured to facilitate the removal of debris of the garbage and is equipped with a blower 116 is generated in the blower 116 The wind power of the chamber 111 through the guide 119. Left in the downward (four o'clock) direction. It is formed to move in the direction of the upper (9 o'clock) and a portion of the wind power moving to the guide 119 is provided to the guide box 112 through a plurality of hoses 121 to facilitate the movement of garbage and desorption of debris. It is formed to facilitate the movement of the garbage and foreign matter to move the guide box 112, the garbage is moved from the guide box 112 to the chamber 111, the chamber 111 by the wind power formed at the bottom of the guide box 112 In the process of moving the waste by the weight of the trash by using the point that the heavy trash is a light trash fall in the far place because the trash is a plurality of discharge chute 114 formed under the chamber 111 by weight by weight The process of sorting by discharging) has the process of sorting by weight by wind power.

The waste discharged to the shooter 114 is the lightest waste (vinyl bag, etc.) of the waste to the shooter 114 formed downward of the chamber 111 so as to easily separate the waste which is not easily classified by the weight difference. The dropped garbage is transferred to the first shredder 250 by the conveyor 225.

As shown in FIG. 4, the transported waste is finely crushed in the first shredder 250. In order to crush the crushed waste more finely, it is transferred to the second crusher 251 and has a process of crushing to a size of about 10 to 20 mesh.
The waste crushed in the second crusher 251 is transferred to the tank 11 through the screw conveyor 252. The tank 11 is formed so that water flows continuously, and the tank 11 is separated into first and second compartments 13a and 13b, and is disposed laterally of the tank 11 and both sides of the tank 11. Discharge ports 23a, 23b and 23c through which the mixture of water and waste in the first and second compartments 13a and 13b are discharged are formed.

delete

Each of the compartments 13a and 13b is formed so as to be housed independently in the tank 11 so that the water in the tank 11 can provide water to the compartments 13a and 13b.

Garbage transferred from the second shredder 251 is formed to flow into the hopper 18 formed in the first compartment 13a. Each compartment 13a, 13b receiving water from the tank 11 has a different water level, and the water level at which the mixture of water and waste is discharged from each compartment 13a, 13b is also different.

The first compartment 13a is provided with a water barrier 19 overflowing with water from the first compartment 13a and the second compartment 13b so that water can move to the second compartment 13b. The water level of the water barrier 19 of the first compartment 13a is formed higher than the outlet 23a, and the water barriers 19a and 19b of the second compartment 13b are higher than the water barrier 19 of the first compartment 13a. It is formed low.

In each compartment 13a, 13b, stirring furnace 12a, 12b which rotates by the rotation shaft 16a, 16b is formed, respectively.

The stirring furnace 12a formed in the rod shape of the first compartment 13a is fixed in a screw shape continuously over the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 16a so that the stirring furnace 12a is continuously disposed of when the rotating shaft 16a rotates. It becomes a form hitting the trash is easy to mix the water and the trash mixed in the water is easily formed in the rotational direction of the stirring furnace 12a arranged in a screw shape.

When the stirring furnace 12a is rotated, the waste is deposited on the water surface and in water according to the specific gravity due to the centrifugal force of the stirring furnace 12a and the buoyancy of the water. Since the arrangement of the stirring furnace 12a that floats and rotates in the shape arranged below is formed in a screw shape, the garbage floating in the water surface and the water interferes with the movement of water by the rotation of the stirring furnace 12a. It is formed to

The stirring furnace 12a rotates to float on the water surface and in water regardless of the specific gravity of the waste.
As described above, all the garbage becomes rich regardless of the specific gravity, and the floating garbage is floated with different heights in the water surface according to the specific gravity.

As described above, the floating of the garbage is caused by the rotation of the stirring furnace 12a, and the floating garbage is discharged to the outlet 23a higher than the water barrier 19 while moving in the direction of the discharge port 23a. Garbage is continuously moved toward the discharge port 23a by the rotational force of the rotary shaft 16a, and the garbage is accumulated in the discharge port 23a, and the accumulated garbage is discharged to the discharge port 23a by the stirring furnace 12a.
The waste shredded as described above is transferred to a tank containing water, and when the water is received and transferred to the first compartment in which the stirring furnace is formed, the waste is separated from the water by the stirring furnace so that the specific gravity is applied to each individual correctly. By weight of rubbish in the water, the weight is suspended in the above position and by weight in the below position. It has a process that is arranged.
Since the water barrier 19 is lower than the outlet 23a, the floating garbage that is not discharged to the outlet 23a naturally moves the waste of the first compartment 13a together with the water to the second compartment 13b.

delete

As described above, since the water barrier 19 is lower than the auxiliary water barriers 19b and 19c of the second compartment 13b, the water of the second compartment 13b naturally flows into the auxiliary water barriers 19b and 19c of the second compartment 13b. May be discharged.

As shown in FIG. 6, the stirring furnace 12b is fixed to the rotating shaft 16b of the second compartment 13b at an equal interval to be inclined at equal intervals, and is formed in the shape of a screw. The end portion is fixed in a strip shape and is continuously connected to the whole stirring furnace 12b.

The shape of the stirring furnace 12b formed on the rotating shaft 16b is formed in the shape of a cone, and the smaller diameter is in the direction of the outlets 23b and 23c, and the inclination direction of the stirring furnace 12b is in the direction of the water barrier 19.

When the rotating shaft 16b of the above shape is rotated, the direction of water moves in the direction of the water barrier 19, and the garbage floating in the water moves in the direction of rotation of the stirring furnace 12b so that the garbage moves in the water. It is a configuration for slowing the speed of advancing in the direction.

The second compartment 13b has an outlet 23b for discharging garbage floating on the water surface and an underwater outlet 23c for discharging garbage floating in the water.

As described above, the rotation shafts 16a and 16b of the first and second compartments 13a and 13b are configured to rotate against the flow of water, and their action is to increase the time for the garbage to float in the water and to further classify the waste classification. It is for.

In the above configuration, since the waste discharged to the discharge port 23a of the first compartment 13a is waste to be discharged from the water surface of the first compartment 13a, waste having a small specific gravity is discharged and the secondary compartment of the second compartment 13b. The trash moving to 28a moves the trash not discharged to the discharge port 23a.
Garbage to be moved to the secondary compartment (28b) of the second compartment (13b) is configured to discharge the waste of water from the waste that is not discharged to the discharge port (23a).
Since the garbage is separated for each individual, each garbage is suspended above the water depending on the specific gravity. The waste is moved to the second compartment in the process of dividing into a second compartment so that the water of the second compartment is over and moved to different heights through the auxiliary membranes 19a and 19b. . In other words, it has a process of discharging by specific gravity difference.

The waste mixed with the water discharged to the outlets 23a, 23b, and 23c is drained, dried, and discharged while passing through the housing 14.

The housing 14 is formed with a perforated network (not shown) and the waste is compressed and dehydrated by compression of a screw conveyor (not shown) of the housing and discharged by a screw conveyor (not shown).

The waste discharged in the dehydrated state is configured to sort the waste by weight according to the distance falling by the wind from the dust collectors 21a and 21b equipped with the blowers 26.

delete

The present invention will be described by way of example.

The waste used in the embodiment of the present invention is waste plastics, and the waste plastics may include a mixture of these substances.

When rubbish (waste plastics) is transferred from the conveyor 113 to the guide bin 112, a heavy material (stone, scrap, etc.) mixed in the rubbish is formed between the conveyor 113 and the guide bin 112. It is discharged and dropped at intervals and only the light weight garbage is transferred to the chamber 111.

Since the guide bin 112 is inclined toward the chamber 111 and is vibrated by the vibration 115 and wind power is provided at the blower 26, the garbage passing through the guide bin 112 does not stagnate in the guide bin and moves. Done.

Since the distance moved by the weight of the trash by the wind power of the blower 116 mounted to the bottom of the guide box 112, the lightest trash moves to the farthest places and falls, the heaviest trash to the shortest distance Will fall.

The distance between the lightest and heaviest trash is clear and easy to classify by type, but trash of different types and similar gravity falls to the same place with the same distance.

The wastes conveyed and crushed by the hopper 212 of the first shredder 250 by the conveyor belt 225 having different kinds and similar specific gravity as described above are shredded and shredded by the first shredder 250 are second shredders. Transfer to 251 and shred to 10-20 mesh size.

In the process of being crushed and transported in the first crusher 250 and the second crusher 251, the substance attached to the trash is detached and discharged from the first crusher 250 formed of a perforated network (not shown) to the dust collector 253. Done.

The waste crushed by the second crusher 251 flows the waste into the hopper 18 formed in the tank 11 using the screw conveyor 252.

The water of the tank 11 is configured to continuously flow and provide to the first and second compartments 13a and 13b and the water is configured to move from the first compartment 13a to the second compartment 13b, The amount of water discharged is equal to the amount of water introduced.

Garbage flowing into the hopper 18 of the tank 11 flows into the first compartment 13a.

Water is continuously maintained in the first compartment 13a in the tank 11, and when the amount of water introduced is more than a predetermined amount, the waste is automatically discharged through the water barrier 19 so that garbage is discharged through the first compartment 13a. Inflow to the rotating shaft (16a) is rotated and the rotating stirring furnace (12a) to separate the waste from the water by individual.
Stirring furnace 12a is arranged in a screw shape on the rotating shaft 16a and each stirring furnace 12a is formed at a narrow interval so that the stirring is easy to facilitate the separation of garbage of each individual.
Water has a centrifugal force by the rotational force of the rotating shaft (16a), and the waste mixed with water also has a centrifugal force, and most of the waste is imaged by weight (weight) in the water surface. Arranged in a row and become rich.

The garbage floating on the water surface and the water moves in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the water by the rotation of the stirring furnace 12a of the rotary shaft 16a, while the garbage on the water surface is discharged to the discharge port 23a and not discharged to the discharge port 23a. While the garbage is floating, the water waste moves to the water barrier 19 between the first compartment 13a and the second compartment 13b to move beyond the water barrier 19 to the second compartment 13b.

The waste conveyed to the second compartment 13b floats on the water surface by the rotation of the stirring furnace 12b and is left of the second compartment 13b. It moves to the auxiliary 28a, 28b compartment formed in the right side.
When the garbage moves from the second compartment 13b to the auxiliary compartments 28a and 28b, the auxiliary water barriers 19a and 19b must pass through them, so that the garbage is moved by the rotation of the stirring furnace 12a which rotates in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the water. While reducing the speed, the auxiliary waste film 19a, 19b is forced to move the floating garbage over the entire length.
Garbage moved to the auxiliary compartments 28a and 28b beyond the water barriers 19a and 19b is discharged to the discharge ports 23b and 23c.

delete

delete

The waste mixed with the water discharged to each of the outlets 23a, 23b, and 23c flows into the housing 14 having a perforated network (not shown) and is compressed by a screw conveyor (not shown) formed in the housing 14. As the water is discharged to the perforated network (not shown).

delete

The discharged waste is dried and the dried waste is transported so that the ultra-light waste is discharged through the dust collectors 21a and 21b by suction of the blower 26 to subdivide the waste.

Since the sorting method of waste plastics according to the present invention is almost similar in shape, it is difficult to sort them by type, and when recycling them, the waste plastics are treated as one plastic, and the recycled plastics have no choice but to be used for low quality products. By improving the problem, it is possible to increase the recycling degree of waste plastics by sorting by plastic type to the maximum and recycling by plastic type.

Claims (6)

(delete) (Correction) The waste plastics moved by wind power are sorted by dropping by the distance traveled according to the weight, and the size and weight difference is unclear due to the wind process. 20 mesh size crushing process, mixing waste water in the tank into which crushed trash is mixed with water and arranging waste of each plastics by specific gravity, and crushing waste arranged by specific gravity in water In the method of sorting waste plastics, which is composed of the process of discharging by differentiation, the sorting process by wind power is carried out by a conveyor and vibration transporting waste, and a guide box formed to vibrate the incoming waste, and a guide box to a chamber. Blower that provides wind power to the transported garbage, Waste plastics wet screening method using a specific gravity difference, characterized in that consisting of a chamber formed so as to remove the. (Correction) The wet sorting method of waste plastics using the specific gravity difference according to claim 2, wherein the crushing of the waste is crushed through the first crusher and the second crusher for crushing the trash that has not been sorted by the windscreen. . (Correction) The tank according to claim 2, wherein the tank is formed to accommodate water, a water barrier is formed at the center thereof, a discharge port is formed at both sides, and a stirring furnace is formed to mix water with the inflow of water from the tank. Garbage is water. A housing having first and second compartments arranged therein, a housing having a perforated network for discharging the wastes separated from the first and second compartments by operating a screw conveyor to discharge the waste water, and a blower for the wastes discharged from the housings. Waste plastics wet sorting method using a specific gravity difference, characterized in that configured to separate and discharge the light waste. The waste plastic according to claim 4, wherein the stirring furnace is fixed in a screw shape at equal intervals along its outer circumference over the length of the rotating shaft to facilitate mixing of the waste and conveying in the rotational direction of the rotating shaft. Wet sorting method. 5. The stirring furnace according to claim 4, wherein the stirring furnace is fixed in a screw shape at equal intervals along its outer circumference over the length of the rotating shaft, starting from a short length at one part of the rotating shaft, and formed into a long length, and a band is fixed at the end of the conical whole. Waste plastics wet sorting method using a specific gravity difference, characterized in that formed in the shape so as to be easy to move the garbage in the rotational direction of the rotary shaft.

Images