JP2002050110A - Disk drive device and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently read data recognizing a defective packet. SOLUTION: When packet write processing is started (S001), data are recorded in packet units (S002-S008), and when it is discriminated that retrials have been done the prescribed number of times, alternate processing is executed (S012). Then, for example, defect discriminating information is recorded in the alternated packet, and alternation discrimination information is recorded in the alternating packet (S013). In such a manner, it is possible to let the disk drive discriminate the defective packet at the time of reproduction. Therefore, when data recorded in a disk in which the defective discrimination information is recorded are reproduced, it is possible to prevent the data in the defective packet from being stored in buffer memory based on the fact that the defective discrimination information is detected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disk drive device and a recording medium which can be applied to, for example, a recordable optical disk and can perform a replacement process efficiently.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, as an optical disk, for example, C
Rewritable discs referred to as D-RWs have become widespread. For such a rewritable disc, for example, a data recording method in a data unit called a packet is adopted. As a result, data can be recorded or reproduced on an operation system such as a personal computer (host computer) in the same manner as a floppy (registered trademark) disk conventionally known as a magnetic disk. I have. However, in order to realize such recording and reproduction, dedicated application software for driving the disk drive is required. That is, it is assumed that the function for performing recording and reproduction depends on the application software. For this reason, for example, replacement processing corresponding to a defective area of an optical disk is not dependent on the disk drive device but is dependent on the application software, that is, the host computer.

In this replacement process, a defective area is detected for each packet on the disk, and if a defective area is detected, the defective area is replaced with another area, and the defective area is replaced with the user data. This processing is performed so as not to be used for recording. In other words, when recording and reproducing data by managing the address of a packet that is determined to be defective and the address of a packet whose area is replaced by a defect as replacement management information, based on the replacement management information, Recording and reproduction are performed. Therefore, if the data requested by the host computer is recorded in the defective area, the replacement area corresponding to the defective area is accessed based on the replacement management information, and the data is recorded in the replacement area. The read data is read and output to the host computer.

[0004]

By the way, in a disk drive, in order to transfer data requested by a host computer to the host computer as quickly as possible, data that will be requested from the host computer is read in advance from a disk. In some cases, the apparent access time is improved.
Hereinafter, such processing is referred to as prefetch processing. In many cases, a host computer sequentially requests data recorded on a disk. Therefore, the disk drive device performs the transfer processing of the first data requested by the host computer, and in the background, reads in advance the second data following the requested information from the disk, for example, in the buffer memory. And so on. Therefore, when the second data is requested from the host computer, the data stored in the buffer memory may be read and transferred instead of accessing the disk. This can be omitted, and the access time to data can be shortened.

[0005] However, if pre-read processing is performed on a disk that has been subjected to replacement processing, even invalid data in a defective area will be stored in the buffer memory. As a result, the capacity of the buffer memory is wasted, and the amount of effective data that can be secured is reduced. In addition, there may be a situation where invalid data stored in the buffer memory is erroneously transferred to the host computer. For this reason, there is a problem that the provision of the means for executing the invalid information transfer prevention processing complicates the processing steps in the disk drive device.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a recording means capable of recording data on a disk in packet units, and a data recorded by the recording means. Data verification means capable of verifying for each packet, and defect identification information indicating whether or not the packet is defective is recorded in the packet based on a result of the data verification performed by the data verification means. The disk drive device comprises a recording control unit capable of replacing the defect identification information and a packet in which the defect identification information is recorded.

[0007] Further, a reading means capable of reading information from a loaded recording medium in packet units, a defect identification information detecting means capable of detecting defect identification information recorded in the packet, A defect discriminator capable of discriminating whether or not the packet in which the defect discrimination information is recorded is a defect area based on a detection result of the defect discrimination information detector; And a storage control means for storing information read from the packet in the buffer memory, and an output means for outputting the information stored in the buffer memory.

Further, in a recording medium in which a recording area is initialized by a packet, defect identification information indicating whether or not the packet is defective is recorded in a subcode of the packet.

According to the present invention, when a defective packet is detected, defect identification information can be recorded in the packet, so that a defective packet on a recording medium is identified at the time of reproduction. Will be able to do it. At the time of reproduction, defect identification information is detected,
Based on the detection result of the defect identification information, control can be performed so that data read from the packet is recorded in the buffer memory. Further, as the recording medium, since the defect identification information is recorded in the subcode of the packet, the defective packet can be instructed to the loaded disk drive device.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in the following order. 1. 1. Configuration of disk drive device 2. Subcode and TOC 3. Recording area format Recording process 5. Reproduction processing 6. Other embodiments

1. Configuration of Disk Drive Apparatus CD-R is a write-once medium using an organic dye for a recording layer, and CD-RW is a data rewritable medium using a phase change technique. CD-
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a disk drive device of the present example capable of recording and reproducing data on a CD type disk such as R, CD-RW or the like. In FIG. 1, the disk 90 is a CD-R or a CD-RW. CD-D
A (CD-Digital Audio), CD-ROM, and the like can also be reproduced as the disc 90 here.

The disk 90 is mounted on the turntable 7 and is driven by the spindle motor 1 at a constant linear velocity (CLV) or a constant angular velocity (CA) during a recording / reproducing operation.
V). Then, pit data (phase change pits or pits due to organic dye change (reflectance change)) on the disk 90 is read by the optical pickup 1. In the case of a CD-DA or a CD-ROM, the pits are embossed pits.

In the pickup 1, a laser diode 4 as a laser light source, a photodetector 5 for detecting reflected light, an objective lens 2 as an output end of the laser light,
An optical system (not shown) for irradiating the laser beam to the disk recording surface via the objective lens 2 and guiding the reflected light to the photodetector 5 is formed. A monitor detector 22 that receives a part of the output light from the laser diode 4
Is also provided.

The objective lens 2 is held by a biaxial mechanism 3 so as to be movable in a tracking direction and a focusing direction. The entire pickup 1 can be moved in the disk radial direction by a thread mechanism 8. The laser diode 4 in the pickup 1 is driven to emit laser light by a drive signal (drive current) from a laser driver 18.

The reflected light information from the disk 90 is detected by the photodetector 5, converted into an electric signal corresponding to the amount of received light, and supplied to the RF amplifier 9. Note that the amount of light reflected from the disc 90 varies greatly before and after recording data on the disc 90, during recording, or the like. An AGC circuit is generally mounted on the RF amplifier 9 due to circumstances such as being greatly different from ROM and CD-R.

The RF amplifier 9 includes a current-voltage conversion circuit, a matrix operation / amplification circuit, and the like corresponding to output currents from a plurality of light receiving elements as the photodetector 5, and generates necessary signals by matrix operation processing. For example, it generates an RF signal as reproduction data, a focus error signal FE for servo control, a tracking error signal TE, and the like. The reproduction RF signal output from the RF amplifier 9 is supplied to a binarization circuit 11, and the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE are supplied to a servo processor 14.

On the disk 90 as a CD-R or CD-RW, a groove (groove) serving as a guide for a recording track is formed in advance, and the groove has time information indicating an absolute address on the disk. The signal is wobbled (meandering) by the FM-modulated signal. Therefore, during the recording operation, tracking servo can be applied from the information on the groove, and the absolute address can be obtained from the wobble information on the groove. RF
The amplifier 9 performs wobble information WO by matrix operation processing.
B is extracted and supplied to the address decoder 23.
In the address decoder 23, the supplied wobble information W
By demodulating the OB, absolute address information is obtained and supplied to the system controller 10. Also, the groove information is P
By injecting into the LL circuit, the rotational speed information of the spindle motor 6 is obtained, and further compared with the reference speed information,
A spindle error signal SPE is generated and output.

The reproduced RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier 9 is 2
The signal is binarized by the value conversion circuit 11 to be a so-called EFM signal (8-14 modulated signal), which is supplied to the encoding / decoding unit 12. The encoding / decoding unit 12 includes a functional part as a decoder during reproduction and a functional part as an encoder during recording. During reproduction, processing such as EFM demodulation, CIRC error correction, deinterleaving, and CD-ROM decoding are performed as decoding processing.
The reproduction data converted into the ROM format data is obtained. Further, the encoding / decoding unit 12 is provided with a disk 90
The sub-code extraction process is also performed on the data read from the sub-system, and the TOC and address information as the sub-code (Q data) are supplied to the system controller 10. Further, the encoding / decoding unit 12 generates a reproduction clock synchronized with the EFM signal by PLL processing,
The decoding process is executed based on the reproduced clock. The rotational speed information of the spindle motor 6 is obtained from the reproduced clock, and is compared with the reference speed information to generate a spindle error signal SPE. it can.

At the time of reproduction, the encoding / decoding unit 12
Accumulates the data decoded as described above in the buffer memory 20. As a reproduction output from the disk drive device, data buffered in the buffer memory 20 is read and transferred and output.

The interface unit 13 is connected to an external host computer 80, and is connected to the host computer 80.
The communication of recording data, reproduction data, various commands, and the like is performed with the communication device. Actually, SCSI, ATAPI interface and the like are adopted. At the time of reproduction, the reproduced data decoded and stored in the buffer memory 20 is transferred and output to the host computer 80 via the interface unit 13. Note that a read command, a write command, and other signals from the host computer 80 are supplied to the system controller 10 via the interface unit 13.

On the other hand, at the time of recording, the host computer 8
Recording data (audio data or CD-ROM data) is transferred from 0, and the recording data is sent from the interface unit 13 to the buffer memory 20 and buffered. In this case, the encoding / decoding unit 1
2 is a process for encoding CD-ROM format data into CD format data (when supplied data is CD-ROM data), CIRC encoding and interleaving, adding subcode, Executes EFM modulation and the like.

The EFM signal obtained by the encoding process in the encoding / decoding unit 12 is sent to a laser driver 18 as a laser drive pulse (write data WDATA) after a waveform adjustment process is performed in a write strategy 21. In the write strategy 21, recording compensation, that is, fine adjustment of the optimum recording power with respect to the characteristics of the recording layer, the spot shape of the laser beam, the recording linear velocity, and the like is performed.

In the laser driver 18, the write data WD
A laser drive pulse supplied as ATA is supplied to the laser diode 4 to perform laser emission driving. As a result, pits (phase change pits and dye change pits) corresponding to the EFM signal are formed on the disk 90.

APC circuit (Auto Power Control) 19
Is a circuit unit for controlling the laser output power by monitoring the output of the monitoring detector 22 so that the laser output becomes constant irrespective of the temperature or the like. The target value of the laser output is provided from the system controller 10, and the laser driver 18 is controlled so that the laser output level becomes the target value.

The servo processor 14 detects the focus, tracking, thread, and spindle from the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE from the RF amplifier 9 and the spindle error signal SPE from the encode / decode unit 12 or the address decoder 20. Generate various servo drive signals and execute servo operation. That is, the two-axis driver 1 generates the focus drive signal FD and the tracking drive signal TD according to the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE.
6 The two-axis driver 16 drives the focus coil and the tracking coil of the two-axis mechanism 3 in the pickup 1. As a result, a tracking servo loop and a focus servo loop are formed by the pickup 1, the RF amplifier 9, the servo processor 14, the two-axis driver 16, and the two-axis mechanism 3.

In response to a track jump command from the system controller 10, the tracking servo loop is turned off and a jump drive signal is output to the two-axis driver 16 to execute a track jump operation.

The servo processor 14 further sends a spindle error signal S to the spindle motor driver 17.
A spindle drive signal generated according to the PE is supplied. The spindle motor driver 17 applies, for example, a three-phase drive signal to the spindle motor 6 in response to the spindle drive signal, and controls the CLV rotation of the spindle motor 6 or CA.
Execute V rotation. In addition, the servo processor 14 generates a spindle drive signal in response to a spindle kick / brake control signal from the system controller 10, and causes the spindle motor driver 17 to execute operations such as starting, stopping, accelerating, and decelerating the spindle motor 6.

The servo processor 14 generates a thread drive signal based on, for example, a thread error signal obtained as a low-frequency component of the tracking error signal TE or an access execution control from the system controller 10 and supplies the thread drive signal to the thread driver 15. I do. The thread driver 15 drives the thread mechanism 8 according to a thread drive signal. Although not shown, the thread mechanism 8 includes
A mechanism including a main shaft for holding the pickup 1, a thread motor, a transmission gear, and the like is provided.
, The required sliding movement of the pickup 1 is performed.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the data recorded on the disk is being reproduced, if the defect identification information described later is detected, the servo control corresponding to the defective area can be executed. I can do it. In other words, even when a normal signal cannot be detected due to a defect, stable data reading can be performed by executing various servo controls corresponding thereto.

The various operations of the servo system and the recording / reproducing system as described above are controlled by a system controller 10 formed by a microcomputer. The system controller 10 executes various processes according to a command from the host computer 80. For example, when a read command requesting transfer of certain data recorded on the disk 90 is supplied from the host computer 80,
First, seek operation control is performed for the designated address. That is, a command is issued to the servo processor 14 to execute the access operation of the pickup 1 targeting the address specified by the seek command. afterwards,
An operation control necessary for transferring the data in the designated data section to the host computer 80 is performed. That is, data reading / decoding / buffering from the disk 90 is performed, and the requested data is transferred.

When a write command (write command) is issued from the host computer 80, the system controller 10 first moves the pickup 1 to an address to be written. Then, the encoding / decoding unit 12 executes the encoding process on the data transferred from the host computer 80 as described above,
An EFM signal is used. Then, as described above, the recording is executed by supplying the write data WDATA from the write strategy 21 to the laser driver 18.

The memory 30 stores defect identification information recorded as a defective packet (defective packet) to indicate that the packet is a replacement source, and replacement identification information indicating that the packet is a replacement destination replaced by a defect. Are stored. These pieces of information are read out when a defective packet is detected on the disk 90 when the replacement process is performed, and are recorded in a predetermined recording area of the packet.

In the present embodiment, by configuring such a disk drive device, it is possible to record the defect identification information and the replacement identification information when performing the replacement processing of the recording area. Therefore, when playing a disc on which such information is recorded,
The defective packet can be recognized, and processing corresponding to the defective packet can be performed as described later.

2. TOC and Subcode Next, the TOC and subcode recorded in the lead-in area on the disk 90 (CD-type disk) will be described. The unit of data recorded on the disc 90 is one frame. One block (one subcode frame) as subcode data is composed of 98 frames.

The structure of one frame is as shown in FIG. 1
The frame is composed of 588 bits, the first 24 bits of which are synchronous data, the following 3 bits are set with a margin bit, and the subsequent 14 bits are a subcode data area. Thereafter, main data of 12 symbols and parity data of 4 symbols are arranged.

One block is composed of 98 frames, and sub-code data extracted from 98 frames are collected to form one block of sub-code data as shown in FIG. . The first and second frames (frames 98n + 1, 98n,
The subcode data from the frame 98n + 2) is a synchronization pattern. And, from the third frame to the 98th
Frame (frame 98n + 3 to frame 98n + 9
Up to 8), 96-bit channel data, that is, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W subcode data are formed.

Of these, P-channel and Q-channel used as reproduction management information are used for various controls related to reproduction such as access. However, the P channel only indicates a pause portion between tracks, and more detailed control is performed by the Q channel (Q1 to Q96). The 96-bit Q channel data is configured as shown in FIG. The data of the R channel to the W channel is provided to form a text data group.

First, the four bits Q1 to Q4 are used as control data, and are used for the number of audio channels, emphasis, identification of a CD-ROM, and the like. The 4-bit control data is bit3. . "00x0b": 2 audio channels without pre-emphasis "00x1b": 2 audio channels with pre-emphasis "01x0b": Data Track, recorded uninterrupted "01x1b": Data Track, recorded incremental "10x0b": Reserve "10x1b" : Reserve "11x0b": Reserve "11x1b": Reserve Therefore, for example, "1
111b "can be defined to be handled as defect identification information. Also, “10x0b”, “10x1b”, “11x0b”, “1” defined as “Reserve”
"1x1b" may be defined as defect identification information.

Next, the four bits Q5 to Q8 are used as addresses, which are control bits for the sub-Q data. Q9 to Q80 form 72-bit sub-Q data, and the remaining Q81 to Q96 are CRC.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the sub-Q data and TOC structure.
Will be described. In the lead-in area of the disc,
The sub-Q data recorded there is the TOC information. That is, the 72-bit sub Q data of Q9 to Q80 in the Q channel data read from the lead-in area has information as shown in FIG. FIG. 4A shows the structure of FIG. 3B in the lead-in area in detail for the 72-bit sub Q data portion. Sub Q data is 8 for each
It has bit data and represents TOC information.

First, a track number (TNO) is recorded with eight bits Q9 to Q16. In the lead-in area, the track number is fixed to “00”. Then Q17 ~
POINT (point) is described by 8 bits of Q24. Q25-Q32, Q33-Q40, Q41-Q48
MIN as the elapsed time in the track
(Minute), SEC (second), and FRAME (frame) are shown. Q49 to Q56 are set to “00000000”. Further, Q57 to Q64, Q65 to Q72, Q73
PMIN, PSEC, PFR with 8 bits for each of ~ Q80
AME is recorded, but this PMIN, PSEC, PF
The meaning of RAME is determined by the value of POINT.

When the value of POINT is "01" to "99", the value of POINT means a track number,
In this case, in PMIN, PSEC, and PFRAME, the start point (absolute time address) of the track of the track number is minute (PMIN), second (PSE).
C), frame (PFRAME).

When the value of POINT is "A0", PM
The track number of the first track is recorded in IN.
Further, specifications such as CD-DA (digital audio), CD-I, and CD-ROM (XA specification) are distinguished by the value of PSEC. When the value of POINT is “A1”, the track number of the last track is recorded in PMIN. When the value of POINT is “A2”, the PMI
The start point of the lead-out area is the absolute time address (minute (PMIN), N, PSEC, PFRAME).
Seconds (PSEC), frames (PFRAME)).

In the program area and the lead-out area in which various data are recorded as the tracks # 1 to #n, the sub-Q data recorded therein has the information shown in FIG. FIG. 4B shows the program area and the lead-out area in FIG.
Is shown in detail for a 72-bit sub-Q data portion.

In this case, first, a track number (TNO) is recorded by eight bits Q9 to Q16. That is, for each of the tracks # 1 to #n, the value is any one of "01" to "99". In the lead-out area, the track number is "AA". Subsequently, eight bits Q17 to Q24 indicate defect identification information (DEFECT) indicating whether or not the packet is defective. The music data (CD
In the case of performing the recording of -DA), index information that can further subdivide the track is recorded in 8 bits Q9 to Q16. Therefore, when music data is not handled for the purpose of recording and reproducing data by packet writing as in the present embodiment, it is possible to use 8 bits Q9 to Q16 as an area for recording defect identification information. Is done.

Q25 to Q32, Q33 to Q40, Q41
Each of the 8 bits from Q48 to Q48 indicates MIN (minute), SEC (second), FRA as the elapsed time (relative address) in the track.
The ME (frame) is shown. Q49-Q56 is "00
000000 ”. Q57-Q64, Q65-Q
8 bits of 72, Q73-Q80 are AMIN, ASE
C, AFRAME, which are minute (AMIN), second (ASEC), and frame (AF) as absolute addresses.
RAME). The absolute address is an address continuously added from the head of the first track (that is, the head of the program area) to the lead-out area.

In the CD format, the subcode is configured as described above. In the subcode Q data, an area representing an absolute address
IN, ASEC, AFRAME are arranged, and MIN, SEC, FRAM
E is arranged. Further, PMIN, PMIN,
PSEC and PFRAME are provided. Each of these has a form indicating an address value as minutes, seconds, and a frame number. Each of the 8 bits has a value described in a BCD code.

As described above, in the present embodiment, defect identification information indicating whether or not a packet including the subcode is defective can be recorded in the subcodes Q1 to Q4 or Q17 to Q24. I have to. This allows
For example, even when reading data recorded on a disk, a defective packet can be identified and only valid packet data can be stored in the buffer memory 20.

3. Recording Area Format A format when the disk drive device records data in a recording area of a recordable optical disk will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a format of a recording area of a recordable optical disk, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a format in a track shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the disk drive device has a power calibration area (PC
A), an intermediate recording area (Program Memory Area: PMA), a lead-in area, one or more tracks, and a lead-out area. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the user data is recorded by dividing each track into a plurality of packets by the packet write method.

The PCA shown in FIG. 5 is an area for performing test recording for adjusting the output power of the laser beam. Each track is an area for recording user data. The lead-in area and the lead-out area are composed of table of contents information (Table Of Contents: TO
C) and an area for recording various information related to the optical disk. PMA is an area for recording to temporarily hold the index information of the track. Each track includes a pre-gap for recording track information and a user data area for recording user data.

Each packet shown in FIG. 6 includes one or more reproducible user data blocks, five link blocks including one link block and four run-in blocks provided before the user data blocks, There are two link blocks consisting of two run-out areas provided after the user data block. The link block is a block necessary for connecting packets. In the fixed-length packet write method, a plurality of tracks are formed in a recording area of a rewritable disc, each track is divided into a plurality of packets, and the number of user data blocks (block length) of each packet in one track is made equal. In this method, data is collectively recorded for each packet. Therefore, in the fixed length packet write system, in the recording area of the optical disk, the format is such that the packet length of each packet in one track is the same and the number of user data blocks in each packet is the same.

When recording is performed in track units in the disk drive device, when new data is additionally recorded as a track following the last recorded track, the table of contents recorded in the PMA when the previous recording was performed is performed. The next recording start position in the program area is detected from the information (logical track number, recording start position, recording end position). Then, recording is performed from the recording start position, and the table of contents information of the track additionally recorded in the PMA is recorded. During the repetition of such additional recording, for example, when the writing of data of 99 tracks is completed, even if there is a free area in the program area,
Due to the restrictions of the CD standard, it is impossible to perform further data recording.

However, according to the above-described packet write method, additional recording in units of packets can be performed many times in one track, and 99 or more data can be recorded. For example, in a CD-RW, it is possible to record several thousand packets on one disk 90. As the packet write method, a variable-length packet write method is known in addition to the fixed-length packet write method described above. In these packet write systems, the number of sectors in which recording is performed at one time is smaller than in the case of performing recording in track units, so that efficient data transfer can be realized. As a result, the occurrence of a buffer underrun error can be suppressed, and the same recording and reproduction operations as, for example, a floppy disk can be realized. The sector is a physical minimum unit of data when performing recording and reproduction.

FIG. 7 shows the format of the recording area of the optical disk that has been subjected to the format processing by the disk drive device. When the entire area of the recording area before formatting or the specified area is formatted with fixed-length packets, the area is filled with fixed-length packets.

4. Recording Process FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E, and 8F correspond to steps from the initialization of the disk 90 in the disk drive to the data recording. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a recording state, and shows a part of a recording area of a disc 90. 8 (a) and 8 (b).
Respectively correspond to the states shown in FIG.

FIG. 8A shows an unrecorded (blank) state before formatting is performed. In this state, user data cannot be written. In the state shown in FIG.
When the initialization process is performed, null data (for example, meaningless dummy data) is written as shown in FIG. 8B to form a packet.
Verification of null data is performed as shown in FIG. In this verification, after the data is recorded, for example, the data recorded on the disk 90 stored in the buffer memory 20 is compared with the data read from the disk 90. If both data match as a result of the comparison, It is assumed that normal recording has been performed on the packet in which the data has been recorded, and if both data do not match, it is determined that there is some defect in the packet in which the data has been recorded. Performing this data verification, for example, at the time of shipping the disk 90, reveals an area (packet) that is regarded as an initial failure (defect). In this manner, by performing verification in all recording areas of the disk 90, defective areas can be logically excluded, and when initialization processing is completed, data is transferred to a normal packet having no defect. Can be recorded.

When data is recorded on the disk for which the initialization process has been completed, the recorded data is verified as shown in FIG. It is determined whether or not it is. If it is determined by this data verification that all the data has been normally recorded, the recording operation ends. FIG. 8 (e)
FIG. 8D shows a case in which data # 2 and # 3 in which data is recorded are subjected to verification by further overwriting data, for example, when a defect occurs in packet # 3. Is shown. In this case, the data recorded in the packet # 3 stored in the buffer memory 20 by replacing the packet # 3 is recorded in another packet (not shown).

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 (f), the packet # 3 to be replaced is not used based on the defect, and the defect identification is performed in the subcode of the packet # 3. I try to record information.
Therefore, when the defect identification information is detected in the disk drive device, the packet in which the defect identification information is recorded can be determined to be defective. If the defect identification information cannot be recorded due to a defect, the packet (eg, packet # 3 in the present embodiment) is initialized with null data, for example, so as not to hinder reproduction. This makes it possible to avoid a malfunction when, for example, the connection portion is uncertain or the address of a sector forming a packet is uncertain due to a defect.

Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 9, an example of the processing steps performed by the system controller 10 when the disc drive apparatus performs replacement processing and records identification information will be described. For example, when packet recording processing is started based on a recording request from the host computer 80 (S001), reception of packet data transferred from the host computer 80 is started (S002). Further, a predetermined number of retries (n) is set in a retry counter, which is a variable for counting the number of retries of the recording process (S003), and packet recording is performed on a predetermined packet of the disk 90 (S004). . And
It is determined whether an error has occurred in the recording process executed in step S004 (S005). If it is determined in step S005 that a write error has not occurred, the recorded packet data is reproduced (S006), and it is further determined whether or not an error has occurred in this reproduction processing (S007). If it is determined in step S007 that no error has occurred in the reproduction process,
It is determined whether there is an error in the reproduced data (S
008) If it is determined that there is an error, it is determined whether the value of the retry counter is “0” (S00).
9). When it is determined that the value of the retry counter is not “0”, the value of the retry counter is decremented (S011), and the process returns to step S005. The retry is repeated up to (n) times set in step S003.

If it is determined that the value of the retry counter is "0", the retry processing is performed assuming that the retry processing has been performed a predetermined number of times, and the same data as the data recorded in step S004 is replaced with the packet of the replacement destination. (S012). Then, the defect identification information is recorded in, for example, the subcode of the replacement source packet, and the replacement identification information is recorded in the subcode of the replacement destination packet (S01).
3), end the packet recording process (S014). In step S013, at least defect identification information may be recorded. Step S0
In 13, for example, when defect identification information cannot be recorded due to a defect, the packet may be initialized so that invalid data is not left in the packet.

Step S005 or step S005
In 008, when it is determined that a write error and a reproduction error have occurred, an error process for setting and transmitting an error code for notifying the host computer 80 of the occurrence of the error is executed (S015), and packet recording is performed. The process ends (S014). Step S
If it is determined in 007 that no error has occurred in the reproduction processing, it is determined that the packet recording has been normally performed, and the recording processing for the packet ends (S01).
4).

5. Reproduction Processing Next, in accordance with the flowchart shown in FIG.
An example of the processing steps performed by the system controller 10 when the data is stored in 0 and transferred to the host computer 80 will be described. For example, when the reproduction process is started based on a reproduction request from the host computer 80 (S101), reading of data in packet units recorded on the disc is started (S102). Further, defect identification information recorded in the subcode of the packet is detected (S
103), it is determined whether or not the defect identification information is detected (S104). If it is determined that the defect identification information has not been detected, the read packet data is stored in the buffer memory 20 (S105).
If it is determined that the defect identification information is detected, the process returns to step S102 without storing the packet data in the buffer memory 20, and reads out the next packet data. At this time, for example, by executing servo control corresponding to a defect, stable data reading can be performed even when a defective packet is scanned. In this case, the switching of the servo control may be performed in accordance with the timing of scanning the defective packet.

When the packet data is stored in the buffer memory 20 in step S105,
It is determined whether a predetermined amount of data has been stored in the
106) If it is determined that a predetermined amount of data has been stored, the stored data is transferred to the host computer 80 (S107). If it is determined in step S107 that a predetermined amount of data is not stored, the process returns to step S102 to read the next packet data.

As described above, when the defect identification information is detected from the read packet, the data of the packet is not stored in the buffer memory 20.
For example, even when data is read by pre-reading, invalid data can be prevented from being stored in the buffer memory 20. Thereby, transfer of invalid data can be prevented, and the buffer memory 2
The capacity of 0 can be used effectively.

6. Other Embodiments In this embodiment, an example has been described in which defect identification information is recorded in, for example, a subcode. This subcode is C
It is protected by an error correction code called IRC (Cross Interleaved Reed-Solomon Code). This CIRC
In “C1”, mainly a random error and “C1”
"2" can mainly correct a burst error. Further, for example, the host computer 80
In order to obtain higher reliability when performing data communication with the disk 90, in addition to the error correction of the disk 90 itself, it has an error correction code that is completed in block units. In addition,
A block is a logical minimum unit of data when performing recording and reproduction, and the unit of data is the same as the sector described above.

That is, by recording the above-mentioned defect identification information for each area protected by the error correction code, erroneous reading of the defect identification information can be reduced, and the reliability of the defect identification information can be improved. become able to. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a block in the disk 90. As shown in the figure, one block is composed of, for example, 2352 bytes, which includes a sync area (12 bytes) as identification information of the block, a header area (4 bytes) as address information of the block, and the like.
User data area (2048 bytes), auxiliary data area (288 for recording information such as error detection and error correction)
Bytes). The auxiliary data area includes an error detection area (4 bytes), a space (8 bytes), and an error correction area (P parity: 172 bytes, Q parity: 104
(276 bytes in total). The area from the sync area to the auxiliary data area is protected by layered ECC or the like.

In the header area, the block address is
1 minute each of "minute", "second", "block", and 1
It consists of byte mode information. The mode information is, for example, 3
Block indicator of bits (bit 7.5), 3
Bits (bit 4.2) reserve, 2 bits (bi
t1. . 0).

The block indicator is defined as follows. "000b": User Data block "001b": Fourth Run-in block "010b": Third Run-in block "011b": Second Run-in block "100b": First Run-in block "101b": Link block: Physical linking of EFM data according to the General Linking Rules “110b”: Second Run-out block “111b”: First Run-out block Reserve is, for example, “000b”.

The mode is defined as follows. "00b": Mode 0 "01b": Mode 1 "10b": Mode 2 "11b": Reserved

Therefore, for example, bit4. . 2 may be used as the defect identification information, or “11b” in the mode may be defined as the defect identification information. Actually, the recording of the defect identification information in the header area in block units may be performed, for example, in a processing step corresponding to step S013 shown in the flowchart of FIG. The same applies to the case where the replacement identification information to be the replacement destination identification information is recorded in the header area.

As described above, the reliability of each information can be improved by recording the defect identification information and the replacement identification information in, for example, a header area protected by the error correction code. Therefore, as described above, it is possible to improve the reliability of the processing operation in which invalid data is not stored in the buffer memory 20. That is, it is possible to contribute to prevention of transfer of invalid data to the host computer 80 caused by the defective packet and effective use of the buffer memory 20.

Although the disk drive of the present embodiment has been described with an example corresponding to a CD-RW, for example, the present invention is also applied to a disk drive corresponding to a disk such as a DVD + RW or a DVD-RW. be able to.

[0074]

As described above, the disk drive apparatus according to the present invention can record defect identification information in a detected packet when the packet is detected as a defect. Therefore, a defective packet on the recording medium can be identified at the time of reproduction. Further, the defect identification information is recorded in the subcode. Therefore, the defect identification information can be recorded in the existing data format, and the defect can be identified for each subcode frame. Furthermore, by recording the defect identification information in the area protected by the error correction code,
There is an advantage that the reliability of defect identification information can be improved. Also, since replacement identification information capable of identifying a replacement destination packet replaced by a defect can be recorded, it is possible to identify a replacement packet on a recording medium at the time of reproduction. Further, when a defective packet is detected, the packet can be initialized, so that invalid data caused by a disk defect can be prevented from being left. Thereby, at the time of reproduction, it is possible to reduce troubles such as a malfunction at the time of reproduction due to invalid data.

At the time of reproduction, it is possible to detect the defect identification information recorded in the packet and to control the data read from the packet to be recorded in the buffer memory based on the detection result of the defect identification information. I can do it. This makes it possible to prevent invalid data due to a defect from being stored in the buffer memory based on the defect identification information, for example, when data is prefetched. Therefore, invalid data can be prevented from being transferred to an external device such as a host computer, and the capacity of the buffer memory can be effectively used. Further, by executing servo control corresponding to the defect when the defect identification information is detected, stable data reading can be performed even when a packet that is determined to be defective is scanned.

Further, as the recording medium, since the defect identification information is recorded in the subcode of the packet, the defective packet can be instructed to the loaded disk drive. As a result, in the disk drive device, it is possible to prevent invalid data based on a defect from being stored in the buffer memory as described above. Also, since the defect identification information is recorded in the area protected by the error correction code, highly reliable defect identification information can be presented to the disk drive.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a disk drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a frame structure of a disk.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of subcoding of a disc.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of sub-Q data of a disk according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a recording area format.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a track format.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a disk format in a fixed packet.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a recording state corresponding to a process from initialization of a disc to data recording.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process of recording defect identification information by a replacement process.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing steps when data read from a disk is stored in a buffer memory and transferred to a host computer.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a block on a disk.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 pickup, 2 objective lens, 3 biaxial mechanism, 6
Spindle motor, 10 system controller, 1
2 encoder / decoder, 14 servo processor, 80 host computer, 90 disk

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) G11B 20/18 572 G11B 20/18 572F 574 574F

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A recording unit capable of recording data on a disk in packet units, a data verification unit capable of verifying data recorded by the recording unit for each packet, and the data verification unit Recording control means capable of recording, in the packet, defect identification information indicating whether or not the packet is defective, based on the verification result of the data according to And a replacement control unit capable of replacing the packet with the packet. 2. The disk drive device according to claim 1, wherein said recording control means can record said defect identification information in a subcode. 3. The disk drive device according to claim 1, wherein said recording control means is capable of recording said defect identification information in an area protected by an error correction code. . 4. The disk drive device according to claim 1, wherein said recording control means is capable of initializing said packet based on a verification result of said data. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording control means is capable of recording, in the other packet, replacement identification information indicating that the packet is a replaced packet. 2. The disk drive device according to 1. 6. The disk drive device according to claim 5, wherein said recording control means is capable of recording said replacement identification information in a subcode. 7. The disk drive device according to claim 5, wherein said recording control means is capable of recording said replacement identification information in an area protected by an error correction code. . 8. A reading means capable of reading information from a loaded recording medium in packet units, a defect identification information detecting means capable of detecting defect identification information recorded in the packet, A defect discriminator capable of discriminating whether or not the packet in which the defect discrimination information is recorded is a defect area based on a detection result of the defect discrimination information detector; Storage control means capable of storing information read from the packet in the buffer memory based on the following, and output means capable of outputting the information stored in the buffer memory. Disk drive device. 9. The disk drive device according to claim 8, further comprising servo control means capable of performing servo control based on the detection result of said defect identification information detection means. 10. A recording medium in which a recording area is initialized by a packet, wherein defect identification information indicating whether or not the packet is defective is recorded in a subcode of the packet. recoding media. 11. The recording medium according to claim 10, wherein replacement identification information indicating whether or not the packet is a packet replaced due to a defect is recorded in a subcode of the packet. 12. The recording medium according to claim 10, wherein the defect identification information is recorded in an area protected by an error correction code.