GB2584488A

GB2584488A - Vehicle wheel monitoring system

Info

Publication number: GB2584488A
Application number: GB1908152.0A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Broadfield Gary
Original assignee: Itireair Ltd
Current assignee: Itireair Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-07
Filing date: 2019-06-07
Publication date: 2020-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-07
Also published as: GB201908152D0; GB2584488B

Abstract

A vehicle wheel monitoring system (1200, Fig.12) comprising a sensor module 1400 for coupling to a vehicle wheel (1204) comprising a sensor (1414, Fig.14) configured to measure a wheel parameter 1706 in response to a request 1704, and a transmitter (1402) that transmits data indicative of the parameter to a signal repeater 1300 using a short-range telecommunication signal 1708 over a first distance. The signal repeater comprises a short range transmitter (1302, Fig.13) configured to transmit the request 1704 to the sensor module over the first distance; a receiver (1304) configured to receive the data from the sensor module 1710; and a further transmitter (1314) configured to transmit the data 1712 to a user device 1500 configured to receive said data using a telecommunications signal over a second distance greater than the first distance, for display of the parameter to a user 1716. Transmission of data from repeater to user device may be at substantially 2.45GHz. The system may further comprise a keyed recess (304, Fig.3a) to aid correct relative location of the sensor module and repeater. Also claimed is a vehicle wheel comprising the monitoring system, and a method of using the monitoring system.

Description

VEHICLE WHEEL MONITORING SYSTEM

Technical field

The invention relates to tyre pressure gauge systems. More specifically, the invention relates to methods and apparatus for obtaining a tyre pressure reading from a tyre pressure sensor module.

Background

Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules may be fitted to a valve or other inlet of a pneumatic tyre. In systems comprising such tyre pressure sensor modules, an electronic device may be used to obtain a reading from a tyre pressure sensor module wirelessly.

In such arrangements, the tyre pressure sensor module and the electronic device may be configured to use a short range telecommunications system and protocol, such as Near-field Communication (NFC). Accordingly, the electronic device may transmit a signal to the tyre pressure sensor module requesting a tyre pressure reading. The tyre pressure sensor module may be configured to obtain sufficient electrical power from the transmitted signal through induction to power the electronic equipment necessary to transmit a response to the request.

Short range telecommunications systems are effective only over short distances. In addition, tyre pressure sensor modules are commonly awkwardly located for users of the mobile electronic device because they are low to the ground.

Summary

According to an aspect of the invention, a vehicle wheel monitoring system comprising: a sensor module for coupling to a wheel of a vehicle and comprising: a sensor configured to measure a parameter of the wheel in response to a request, and a transmitter configured to transmit data indicative of the parameter to a signal repeater using a short range telecommunication signal over a first distance; a signal repeater comprising: a short range transmitter configured to transmit the request to the sensor module for the data indicative of the parameter using a short range telecommunication signal over the first distance, a configured to receive the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module, and a further transmitter configured to transmit the data indicative of the parameter to a user device, for display of the parameter to a user, using a telecommunications signal over a second distance greater than the first distance; and a user device comprising: a receiver configured to receive the data indicative of the parameter from the signal repeater.

Optionally, the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured to transmit the data indicative of the parameter to a user device using a Bluetooth telecommunications protocol.

Optionally, the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured to transmit the telecommunications signal over the second distance at a frequency of substantially 2.45 GHz.

Optionally, the signal repeater further comprises a locating feature configured to provide an indication to a user of the signal repeater when the short range transmitter and/or receiver of the signal repeater is positioned to permit transmission of the short range signal from the sensor module.

Optionally, the locating feature is configured to receive at least part of the sensor module.

Optionally, the locating feature comprises a keyed recess into which a correspondingly keyed portion of the sensor module may be received.

Optionally, the signal repeater further comprises an indicator unit configured to provide one or more of an audio, visual or haptic indication to the user.

Optionally, the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured, upon transmitting the data indicative of the parameter to the user device, to control the indicator unit to provide the indication to the user.

Optionally, the receiver of the signal repeater is configured, upon receiving the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module, to control the indicator unit to provide the indication to the user.

Optionally, the short range telecommunications signal transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor module further comprises identification data associated with the sensor module, and wherein the identification data is retransmitted by the further transmitter of the signal repeater, to the user device.

Optionally, the user device comprises a smartphone or tablet computing device.

Optioanlly, the short range transmitter and the receiver of the signal repeater are configured to transmit and receive the short range telecommunications signals using a short range telecommunications protocol configured to induce a voltage in the sensor module sufficient to power the sensor module to measure the parameter of the wheel and permit transmission of the data, by the transmitter of the sensor module, to the signal repeater. In some arrangements, the request may induce the voltage in the sensor module.

Optionally, the short range telecommunications protocol comprises a near-field communication (NFC) telecommunications protocol. NFC protocols encompass protocols that enable electronic devices to establish communication when they are brought within close range of each other. Within close range may be within 5 cm, within 4 cm, within 3 cm, within 2 cm and within 1 cm.

Optionally, the sensor module comprises a tyre pressure sensor module for fitting to a valve of a fluid-filled tyre and the sensor comprises a pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure of a fluid within the pneumatic tyre such that the parameter measured is pressure.

Optionally, the electronic components of the tyre pressure sensor module consist of the receiver, pressure sensor and transmitter.

Optionally, the tyre pressure sensor module has a weight of 4 grams or less.

Optionally, the sensor module does not comprise a battery.

Optionally, the receiver of the signal repeater is configured to control the indicator unit to provide an indication to the user if data indicative of the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold.

Optionally, the indicator unit comprises an LED configured to illuminate if the data indicative of the pressure of the tyre exceeds the pressure threshold.

Optionally, the sensor module comprises a tyre temperature and pressure sensing module for fitting to the valve of a fluid-filled tyre and the sensor comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a fluid within the fluid-filled tyre and a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of the fluid such that the parameter comprises tyre pressure and tyre temperature.

Optionally, the receiver of the signal repeater is configured to control the indicator unit to provide an indication to the user if the data indicative of the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold, or if the temperature of the fluid-filled tyre exceeds a temperature threshold.

Optionally, the sensor module comprises a wheel loosening sensor configured to detect loosening of the wheel.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a wheel of a vehicle comprising the vehicle wheel monitoring system of any of claims 1 to 22.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a vehicle comprising: a wheel; and the vehicle wheel monitoring system of any of claims 1 to 22.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for obtaining a reading relating to a parameter of a wheel of a vehicle from a sensor module coupled to the wheel, the method comprising: transmitting, by a short range transmitter of a signal repeater, to the sensor module, a request for data indicative of the parameter using a short range telecommunications signal over a first distance; measuring, by a sensor of the sensor module, the parameter of the wheel in response to the request; transmitting, by a transmitter of the sensor module, the data indicative of the parameter to the signal repeater using a short range telecommunication signal over the first distance; receiving, by a receiver of the signal repeater, the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module, transmitting, by a further transmitter of the signal repeater, the data indicative of the parameter to a user device, for display of the parameter to a user, using a telecommunications signal over a second distance greater than the first distance; and receiving, by a receiver of the user device, the data indicative of the parameter from the signal repeater.

Brief description of drawings

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a block schematic diagram of a tyre pressure measurement system; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary mobile electronic device including a locating feature; Figure 3a is an exemplary mobile electronic device including a locating feature; Figure 3b is a flow diagram showing a method for obtaining a tyre pressure reading Figure 4 is a locating feature for fixing to a mobile electronic device; Figure 5 is an exemplary locating feature fixed to a mobile electronic device; Figure 6 is an exemplary cover for a mobile electronic device comprising a locating feature, Figure 7 is an exemplary tyre pressure sensor module, Figure 8a is an isometric view of an exemplary tyre pressure sensor module, Figure 8b is a bottom view of an exemplary tyre pressure sensor module, Figure 9 is a schematic representation of an exemplary tyre pressure sensor module, Figure 10 is an exemplary mobile electronic device, Figure 11 is an exemplary mobile electronic device, Figure 12 is a schematic view of a vehicle wheel monitoring system, Figure 13 is an exemplary signal repeater, Figure 14 is an exemplary sensor module, Figure 15 is an exemplary user device, Figure 16a is an isometric top view of an exemplary signal repeater Figure 16b is an isometric rear view of the exemplary signal repeater of Figure 16a, and Figure 17 is a flow diagram showing a method for obtaining a reading of a parameter of a wheel.

Detailed description

Generally, disclosed herein is a means for ensuring correct locating of a tyre pressure sensor module relative to a mobile electronic device to allow establishment of a connection therebetween. In exemplary arrangements where a tyre pressure gauge system comprises a tyre pressure sensor module fitted to a valve of a pneumatic tyre and a mobile electronic device for reading the tyre pressure, a short range telecommunications system may be employed. In such arrangements, it is beneficial to have a means for correctly locating a transmitter and/or receiver of the mobile electronic device and an antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module.

Figure 2 shows an exemplary mobile electronic device, which may be a mobile electronic device 102. The mobile electronic device 102 comprises a transmitter 200 and a receiver 202. The transmitter 200 and receiver 202 may be in data communication with other entities in a telecommunications network and are configured to transmit and receive data accordingly.

The mobile electronic device 102 further comprises a memory 204 and a processor 206. The memory 204 may comprise a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory.

The memory 204 may have a computer program 208 stored therein. The computer program 208 may be configured to undertake the methods disclosed herein. The computer program 208 may be loaded in the memory 204 from a non-transitory computer readable medium 210, on which the computer program is stored. The processor 206 is configured to undertake one or more of the functions in order to carry out the methods disclosed herein.

Each of the transmitter 200 and receiver 202, memory 204, processor 206 and indicator unit 212 is in data communication with the other features 200, 202, 204, 206, 212 of the mobile electronic device 102. The mobile electronic device 102 can be implemented as a combination of hardware and software. In particular, the steps undertaken in methods disclosed herein may be implemented as software configured to run on the processor 206, or as combinations of hardware and software. The memory 204 stores the various programs/executable files that are implemented by a processor 206, and also provides a storage unit for any required data.

In exemplary arrangements, the mobile electronic device 102 may be configured to transmit and/or receive data using a short range telecommunications system, for example over a range of up to 5 cm, up to 4 cm, up to 3 cm or up to 1 cm. The short range telecommunications system may comprise an antenna at the tyre pressure sensor module 100 that is configured to induce a voltage from a telecommunications signal transmitted by the mobile electronic device 102. Accordingly, the mobile electronic device 102 is configured to transmit a telecommunications signal from which a voltage may be obtained through induction at the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module 100. The voltage induced at the antenna may be sufficient to power the process required to obtain and transmit the tyre pressure reading.

Figure 3a shows an exemplary mobile electronic device 300, which may be used as a device 102 in Figure 1. The exemplary mobile electronic device 300 may comprise the features of the mobile electronic 102 shown in Figure 2. The exemplary mobile electronic device 300 may be used as a key fob and comprises a retaining feature 302, in this case a bar that may be secured to a clip or ring, for attaching the device 300 to a key ring. The exemplary mobile electronic device 300 may comprise a locating feature 304 configured to ensure correct positioning of the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module 100 relative to the transmitter 200 of the mobile electronic device 300. The locating feature 304 may be a mechanical feature (such as a recess or a protrusion) or the locating feature may be electronic (for example, an electronic arrangement configured to produce an electronic indication of correct positioning, such as a vibration or an audio indication). In some arrangements, the locating feature may comprise both a mechanical feature and an electronic feature.

The mobile electronic device 300 may take any shape and in the case of the example of Figure 3a is broadly rectangular with a curved end formed by a semi-circle. The curved end of the device 300 comprises the locating feature 304. The locating feature is configured to cooperate with the tyre pressure sensor module 100 to locate the tyre pressure sensor module 100 in a predetermined orientation and/or range of the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 300.

In the example of Figure 3a, the locating feature 304 comprises a keyed feature (e.g. an octagon, hexagon, triangle or circle) that is configured to receive, at least partially, a correspondingly shaped tyre pressure sensor module 100. In the example of Figure 3, the locating feature 304 comprises an octagonal recess that is configured to receive an octagonal tyre pressure sensor module 100. As the tyre pressure sensor module 100 locates within the locating feature 304, an indication is provided to the user that this has occurred, which signifies the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is located in a position relative to the mobile electronic device 300 such that transmission and reception between the two is possible. In some arrangements this may mean that the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is within 4 cm of the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 300. In one example, the indication may be the haptic indication that the user may feel when the tyre pressure sensor module 100 locates within the recess of the locating feature 304.

In some arrangements, alternative and/or additional means for providing an indication to the user may be utilised. For example, magnetic force may be used. That is, at least one magnet may be located in one or both of the mobile electronic device 300 and the tyre pressure sensor module 100 to align the two. The magnetic force generated by the at least one magnet may provide a haptic indication to the user that the tyre pressure sensor module is correctly located.

In some arrangements, the locating feature comprises an indicator unit 212. The indicator unit 212 may be configured to detect when a telecommunications signal is received by the mobile electronic device 300 from the tyre pressure sensor module 100 and then to produce an indication to the user, such as a visual, audio or haptic indication. The haptic indication may be a vibration of the device 300. The telecommunications signal may comprise a tyre pressure reading such that the indication unit indicates to the user that the tyre pressure reading has been received by the mobile electronic device 300. This indicates to the user when they can bring the mobile electronic device out of alignment with the tyre pressure sensor module, if the position of the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is such that the user cannot see the mobile electronic device 300 is not visible to the user.

The indicator unit 212 may be utilised in addition to the keyed feature as described above. Alternatively, the indicator unit may be used in isolation from the keyed feature, such that the visual, audio or haptic indication generated by the indicator unit provides an indication to the user of correct alignment.

Figure 3b shows a flow diagram for obtaining a tyre pressure reading using a mobile electronic device 102 as disclosed herein. The method comprises a user of a mobile electronic device 102 placing the mobile electronic device 102 in proximity to a tyre pressure sensor module 100. By any of the means disclosed herein, the mobile electronic device 102 is configured to provide 350 an indication to the user that the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 102 are located within 4 cm or less of the tyre pressure sensor module 100.

The transmitter 200 then transmits 352 a telecommunications signal to the tyre pressure sensor module 100. The telecommunications signal is received by the tyre pressure sensor module 100 and instructs the tyre pressure sensor module 100 to transmit a tyre pressure reading.

The receiver 202 receives 354 a telecommunications signal from the tyre pressure sensor module 100, the received telecommunications signal comprising the tyre pressure reading.

Alternatively or additionally, the indicator unit 212 may provide an indication to the user to confirm that the telecommunications signal has been received by the receiver 202.

This indication may confirm that the tyre pressure reading has been received by the receiver 202. The indication may occur after the initial indication to the user that the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 102 are located within 4 cm or less of the tyre pressure sensor module 100.

Referring to Figure 4, a locating feature 400 is shown that may adhered or otherwise fixed to an existing mobile electronic device 102. In the example of Figure 4, the locating feature is a sticker 400 with a raised or embossed design thereon to create a locating feature 404. The locating feature 404 may the same or similar to the locating feature 304 described already in respect of Figure 3. In alternative arrangements, the locating feature may be moulded and adhered to the mobile electronic device using a suitable adhesive.

Accordingly, the sticker 400 comprises a raised or embossed feature having sidewalls 406 defining a recess 408. The recess 408 is configured to receive, at least partially, the profile of a tyre pressure sensor module 100. Although the sidewalls 406 define a circular recess 408, any other shaped recess (e.g. an octagon, hexagon, triangle) may be used to correspond to the profile of the tyre pressure sensor module 100. This may produce a keyed recess only receiving the tyre pressure sensor module in a limited number of orientations. The sticker 400 may have an adhesive backing (not shown) for adhering the sticker 400 to an existing mobile electronic device 102.

Figure 5 shows an exemplary sticker 400 adhered to a smart phone 102, although it could be adhered to any other type of mobile electronic device. The sticker 400 is positioned such that when a tyre pressure sensor module 100 is correctly located with respect to the sticker 400, e.g. at least partially received in the recess 408, then the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is within range of the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the smart phone 102. In the example of Figure 5, the sticker 400 is shown centrally located on the smart phone 102, although other locations may be used dependent on the structure of the smart phone 102.

Figure 6 shows an alternative arrangement in which a locating feature 600 that is the same or similar to other locating features described herein is positioned on a cover 602 for a mobile electronic device, in this case a smart phone 102. The locating feature 600 is positioned on the cover 600 such that when a tyre pressure sensor module 100 is correctly located with respect to the locating feature 600, e.g. at least partially received in the recess, and the cover is fitted to the mobile electronic device 102 then the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is within range of the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 102. In the example of Figure 6, the locating feature 600 is shown centrally located on cover 602, although other locations may be used dependent on the structure of the mobile electronic device 102 to which the cover is to be fitted. In alternative arrangements, the locating feature 600 may be an aperture in the phone case, the aperture positioned such that when a tyre pressure sensor module 100 is received within the aperture, the tyre pressure sensor module 100 is within range of the transmitter 200 and/or receiver 202 of the mobile electronic device 102. In yet further arrangements, the locating feature may be a recess in the case that does not have raised or embossed sidewalls. That is, the upper edge of the recess may be flush with the outer surface of the case.

In use, a user of the tyre pressure gauge system may walk around the vehicle with the mobile electronic device 102. The user may hold the mobile electronic device 102 in close proximity to the tyre pressure sensor module 100 (this may comprise using a locating feature as described herein). As discussed above, when the mobile electronic device 102 is in close proximity to the tyre pressure sensor module 100, it may transmit a signal that provides power to the tyre pressure sensor module 100. The power may be sufficient to enable determination of the pressure of air in the pneumatic tyre 106 of the vehicle. The determined pressure may be transmitted to the mobile electronic device 102 for display to the user.

In exemplary tyre pressure systems, the mobile electronic device may be configured to transmit a short range telecommunications signal to the tyre pressure module. The short range telecommunications signal may allow an antenna of the tyre pressure sensor unit to obtain sufficient electrical power to allow measurement of a pressure of a fluid within the pneumatic tyre and transmission of data indicative of the measured pressure to the mobile electronic device. As such, exemplary tyre pressure sensor units may be battery-less, allowing for production of a sensor unit of reduced size, weight, complexity and power consumption.

Additional tyre pressure sensor module size and weight reductions may be achieved by reducing the size of the antenna of the tyre pressure module. Traditionally, this would not be desirable, since reducing the antenna size may affect the transmission range. It may also mean that the mobile electronic device needs to be placed in closer proximity to and more accurately located with respect to the pressure sensor unit to allow a pressure reading to be taken, which may be difficult for the user of the mobile electronics device, particularly if the tyre pressure sensor module is not visible.

However, the inventors have realised that on vehicles having multiple tyres in close proximity, such as those having multiple axles closely located or having multiple tyres on each side of a single axle, a reduced transmission range may be desirable. A reduced transmission range allows separate tyre pressures to be read without the need for the mobile electronic device to identify and distinguish the pressure sensor module it wishes to read from others on the vehicle. Because only pressure sensor modules within a small range can be read, it is clear which sensor module is providing a particular pressure reading.

The tyre pressure sensor module is now described in greater detail.

Referring to Figures 7, 8a and 8b, the tyre pressure sensor module 700 comprises a housing split into a forward portion 708, a rear portion 710 and sensor electronics 712 comprising a pressure sensor 714.

The forward portion 708 comprises an internal thread 716 for screwing onto a threaded portion of the valve 104 of a pneumatic tyre 106. The valve 104 may be of a Schrader valve structure.

The forward portion 708 may also comprise a valve actuation member (not shown) configured to open the tyre valve on attachment of the tyre pressure sensor module 700 thereto. In the example of a Schrader valve, the actuation member protrudes into the valve structure to depress a valve stem and open the valve. The forward portion 708 is configured to form an airtight seal with the tyre valve by way of interaction between the internal thread 716 and the threaded portion of the valve. In this way, air is only required to be released from the tyre 102 and into the volume surrounding the valve structure on fitting the tyre pressure sensor module. Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules 700 may also comprise a valve plug 717 configured to provide an airtight seal with the tyre valve 104.

The forward portion 708 may also comprise a fluid communication path (not shown). The fluid communication path may extend from the internal thread 716 to the sensor electronics 712. The fluid communication path is configured to allow air (or other fluid) from within the pneumatic tyre 106 to pass from the open valve 104 to the pressure sensor 714.

The sensor electronics 712 may be mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) 718. The sensor electronics 712 may comprise the pressure sensor 714, an antenna and a microprocessor. In one exemplary arrangement, the sensor electronics may consist of the pressure sensor 714, the antenna and the microprocessor, which may include a receiver and a transmitter. It is noted that in the context of such arrangements, sensor electronics encompasses electronic apparatus having a defined electronic operation within the context of the device itself, for example the pressure sensor, receiver, transmitter and antenna. The term electronic component as used in that context does not encompass elemental components such as wires, PCB track, resistors, capacitors etc. In the exemplary tyre pressure sensor module of Figure 2, the antenna may be a loop antenna. The antenna may have a diameter of substantially 10 mm, a width of substantially 0.15 mm and comprise 14 turns. The antenna may additionally have a thickness of substantially 0.35 mm and a track width of substantially 0.15 mm Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules may be battery-less. The antenna may be configured to receive a short range telecommunications signal and draw power therefrom such that the pressure sensor 714 can take a pressure reading. Exemplary antennas may be configured to draw sufficient power from the telecommunications signal over a distance of up to 4cm. The telecommunications signal may be an NFC signal.

The PCB 718 may comprise to a locating member 720 configured to interact with a corresponding locating feature of the forward portion 708 to secure the PCB 718 thereto. In the tyre pressure sensor module 700, the locating member 720 comprises locating lugs 722a-n configured to engage with corresponding locating recesses 724a-n on the forward portion 708. Alternatively, the forward portion may comprise locating lugs configured to engage with locating recesses on the PCB 718. Alternative mounting means may be utilised to secure the PCB 718 to the forward portion 708. The locating member 720 may be configured to ensure that the PCB 718 is mounted to the forward portion 708 such that the pressure sensor 714 is positioned to enable pressure readings to be taken.

The rear portion 710 is of substantially cup-like shape and is configured to surround the sensor electronics and body of the forward portion 708 when secured thereto. As shown in Figures 8a and 8b, which show an isometric view and a bottom view of the tyre pressure sensor unit 700 respectively, the rear portion 710 surrounds substantially all of the body of the forward portion 708 such that only the internal thread 716 and underside of the forward portion 708 are left exposed.

A housing seal 726 may be secured between the forward portion 708 and the rear portion 710 to provide a watertight seal to prevent water ingress to the sensor electronics 712. The watertight seal may comprise an 0-ring configured to surround the PCB 718. Alternatively, the forward portion 708 may be secured to the rear portion 710 with an adhesive or ultrasonic weld to form a watertight seal. The tyre pressure sensor module 700 may further comprise a pressure sensor seal 728 configured to surround the pressure sensor 714 and provide further protection against water ingress.

Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules 100, 700 may have a substantially circular, hexagonal, square or octagonal profile when viewed from the top. Further, exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules 100, 700 may be configured to interact with a locating feature of a mobile electronic device to provide an indication of when the tyre pressure sensor module 100, 700 is aligned with a transmitter and/or receiver of the mobile electronic device to allow telecommunication therebetween. In some examples, tyre pressure sensor modules 100, 700 may be configured to be at least partially received within a recess formed by the locating feature and may have a profile corresponding to a shape of the recess.

Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules 100, 700 may have a diameter of substantially 18mm. Further, the length from a forward end of the forward portion 708 to the rearward end of the rear portion 106 may be substantially 15mm. The weight of exemplary sensor units 102 may be 5 grams or less or may be 4 grams or less.

Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of a tyre pressure sensor module 900, which may be the tyre pressure sensor module of Figures 7, 8a and 8b. The tyre pressure sensor module 900 comprises a transmitter 902 and a receiver 904. The receiver 904 may comprise an antenna as discussed above, configured to receive a short range RF signal and configured to draw electrical power therefrom. The transmitter 902 and receiver 904 may be in data communication with other entities in a tyre pressure gauge system, such as a mobile electronic device 102 and are configured to transmit and receive data accordingly. In particular, the transmitter 902 and receiver 904 may be configured to transmit and receive data using a short range radio frequency (RF) signal, such as an NFC signal, as discussed above.

The tyre pressure sensor module further comprises a memory 906 and a processor 908. The memory 906 may comprise a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory.

The memory 906 may have a computer program 910 stored therein. The computer program 910 may be configured to undertake the methods disclosed herein. The computer program 910 may be loaded in the memory 906 from a non-transitory computer readable media 912, on which the computer program is stored. The tyre pressure sensor module 700 further comprises a pressure sensor 916 configured to determine pressure within a tyre when fitted to a valve thereof. The processor 908 may be configured to undertake the function of a pressure data controller 914 as set out herein.

Each of the transmitter 902 and receiver 904, memory 906, processor 908, pressure data controller 914, pressure sensor 916 may be in data/electrical communication with the other features 902, 904, 906, 908, 910, 914, 916 of the tyre pressure sensor module 700. The tyre pressure sensor module 700 can be implemented as a combination of computer hardware and software. In particular, pressure data controller 914 may be implemented as software configured to run on the processor 908. The memory 906 stores the various programs/executable files that are implemented by a processor 908, and also provides a storage unit for any required data. The programs/executable files stored in the memory 906, and implemented by the processor 908, can include the pressure data controller 914 but are not limited to such.

As discussed above, exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules are battery-less. This, combined with the use of a smaller antenna allows for the reduced size and weight of exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules.

The use of a smaller antenna also provides for a less complex system by reducing the distance over which the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module can obtain sufficient power to enable tyre pressure to be determined. As discussed above, because only tyre pressure sensor modules within a small range can be read, it is clear which sensor module is providing a particular pressure reading. This means that there is no requirement for identification of individual tyre pressure sensor modules when transmitting pressure data.

Exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules comprise only sensors for measuring tyre pressure. That is, exemplary tyre pressure sensor modules may not comprise any sensors for monitoring a parameter of the tyre and/or wheel other than the pressure sensor. Specifically, the tyre pressure sensor module may not including a temperature sensor and/or a motion sensor. Again, this provides a much lower power, smaller, lighter and lower cost sensor unit than, for example, a TPMS. It is noted that this is against the direction of innovation in the art, which is towards greater functionality and a greater numbers of features.

It is also against the direction of innovation in the art to reduce the transmission distances between the tyre pressure sensor module and the mobile electronic device.

The below table demonstrates the large effects that the width and diameter of a circular loop antenna has on inductance, and therefore transmission range.

Turns Antenna Width (cm) Inductance Diameter (pH) (cm) Example 10 2 0.8 2.34 Double Turns (20) 20 2 0.8 9.37 Halve Turns (5) 5 2 0.8 0.59 Double antenna Diameter (4) 10 4 0.8 6.35 Halve Antenna Diameter (1) 10 1 0.4 1.17 Halve Antenna Width (4) 10 2 0.4 3.17 As can be seen, reducing the diameter (and therefore surface area) of the antenna significantly reduces the inductance and therefore the transmission range (both laterally and vertically). Similarly, a reduction in the number of turns of the antenna significantly reduces the inductance and therefore the transmission range. It is noted that the term "turns" as used in the context of antennas encompasses concentric, spiralled revolutions of a material forming the antenna. This will be understood by the skilled person.

Reducing the transmission distances means that the transmitter of the mobile electronics device must be more accurately located with respect to the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module in both the lateral and vertical directions. For many vehicles, the tyre pressure sensor module may be mounted to a tyre in a position such that it is not visible to the user. As such, the user may be unable to position the mobile electronics device relative to the tyre pressure sensor in such a way to allow a pressure reading to be taken and transmitted.

An exemplary method for reading tyre pressure using apparatus disclosed herein is described below.

The mobile electronic device 102 is placed in close proximity to a tyre pressure sensor module 700. In exemplary systems, close proximity may encompass distances up to 4 cm, up to 3 cm, up to 2 cm or up to 1 cm. In many exemplary arrangements, close proximity is a distance sufficiently close to allow an NFC (or other short range telecommunications signals such as an RF signal, including RFID) transmission from the mobile electronic device 102 to be detected by the antenna of the receiver 904 of the tyre pressure sensor module 700 using one of the transmission means disclosed herein.

The transmitter 202 of the mobile electronic device 102 transmits a short range telecommunications signal, such as NFC or RFID, to the tyre pressure sensor module. The short range telecommunications signal may be a request for a tyre pressure measurement. The transmission may be undertaken using NFC transmission techniques. The short range telecommunications signal may therefore have a range of up to 4 cm, up to 3 cm, up to 2 cm or up to 1 cm. The short range telecommunications signal transmission may be in response to a user input, for example a user pressing a button on the mobile electronic device 102. The transmitter 202 of the mobile electronic device 102 may use a transmission frequency of 13.56 MHz.

In exemplary methods, the mobile electronic device 102 and the tyre pressure module 100 communicate via inductive coupling when the antenna of the tyre pressure sensor module 700 is within range of the transmitter 202 and/or receiver 200 of the mobile electronic device 102.

The receiver 904 of the tyre pressure sensor module 700 detects the short range telecommunications signal transmission from the mobile electronic device 102. In exemplary tyre pressure gauge systems, the telecommunications signal is received at the antenna, which is configured to induce a voltage in the tyre pressure sensor module sufficient to power the tyre pressure sensor module to take a measurement of a pressure of a fluid within the pneumatic tyre and transmission of data indicative of the measured pressure to the mobile electronic device 102. On receipt of the short range telecommunications signal, the pressure sensor 714 therefore determines the pressure of the air in the tyre of the respective wheel of the vehicle.

The pressure data controller 914 controls the transmitter 902 to transmit pressure data indicative of the determined tyre pressure to the mobile electronic device 102. The transmitter may transmit the data via a short range telecommunications signal having a range of less than 4 cm, such as an NFC RF signal or an RFID RF signal. In other arrangements, a different telecommunications protocol may be used to transmit the pressure data.

The receiver 200 of the mobile electronic device 300 receives the tyre pressure data and may display the tyre pressure to the user.The user then moves to the next tyre/wheel of the vehicle and repeats the process to determine the pressure at each tyre pressure sensor module.

In exemplary mobile electronic devices the tyre pressure data received by the mobile electronic device 300 may be compared to a desired tyre pressure in order to determine whether the tyre is at a safe pressure or whether the tyre is in need of inflation. A warning may be displayed to the user if the measured tyre pressure is less than a threshold. The threshold may be defined as a percentage of the desired tyre pressure.

Exemplary mobile electronic devices may comprise a user interface through which the user can programme and/or control the mobile electronic device 300. For example, the user may input into the mobile electronic device, via the user interface, a desired tyre pressure for a particular tyre of a vehicle. The user interface may comprise a display screen configured to display data to the user. The display screen may be a touchscreen configured to display data to the user and to allow a user to make user inputs to the screen to programme and/or control the mobile electronic device 300.

Figure 10 shows an exemplary mobile electronic device 1000, which is a smartphone.

The mobile electronic device 1000 comprises a touchscreen 1002, which displays selectable icons 1004a-n. The user may make user inputs to navigate the user interface via the selectable icons 1004a-n. For example, the user may select one of the icons 1004a-n to navigate to the screen as shown in Figure 10b, which allows the user to make a user input to define a desired pressure value that would indicate that a tyre is of a safe pressure. In some arrangements, a desired front tyre pressure and a desired back tyre pressure may be separately definable.

When a pressure reading is taken by the mobile electronic device in the manner described above, the measured tyre pressure may be compared to a threshold to determine whether the tyre is safe or underinflated. If the desired front pressure and the desired back pressure are of different values, once the tyre pressure reading is received by the mobile electronic device 1000 from the tyre pressure sensor module 100, the user may receive a prompt to indicate whether the tyre that the pressure reading is associated with is a front or back tyre.

In exemplary mobile electronic devices, the user may be alerted if the measured tyre pressure is lower than the threshold. The alert could be visual, audio or haptic.

In a particular example, a warning may be displayed to the user if the measured tyre pressure is lower than the threshold. This could be displayed to the user in a traffic-light fashion, with green indicating that the tyre is safe, amber indicating that the tyre needs to be inflated and red indicating that the tyre is unsafe.

The threshold may be user-configurable or alternatively, pre-programmed into the mobile electronic device 1000. In exemplary mobile electronic devices, the threshold may be defined as a percentage of the desired pressure value. For example, the threshold may be defined as approximately 12% of the desired tyre pressure, such that a measured tyre pressure of less than 12% of the desired tyre pressure value indicates that the tyre needs to be inflated. A second threshold may indicate that the tyre is unsafe. For example a second threshold may be set at approximately 18% of the desired tyre pressure, such that a measured tyre pressure of less than 18% of the desired tyre pressure value indicates that the tyre is unsafe.

In exemplary mobile electronic devices 1000, the user may create a plurality of vehicle profiles and input different desired tyre pressure values and thresholds associated with tyres of a particular vehicle. In this way, a single mobile electronic device may be utilised with a number of different vehicles and tyre pressure sensor modules.

The user interface may further allow the user to select the units (psi or bar) that the measured pressure reading should be displayed in and/or the language.

The inventors have realised that in certain situations, for example where the mobile electronic device utilised to obtain a reading is a user's mobile phone, it may not be desirable to the user to place the mobile device in close proximity with the sensor module. For example, the sensor module may be fitted to a wheel of a vehicle in a position not visible to the user, or a position that would require the user to place the mobile phone in close proximity with potentially dirty areas. Additionally, the NFC performance of mobile phones varies between mobile phone models and in some mobile phones, the location of the antenna utilised for NFC communications may make it difficult for the user to align the antenna of the mobile phone to the sensor module to allow data communication therebetween.

Generally disclosed herein is vehicle wheel monitoring system comprising a sensor module coupled to a wheel of a vehicle, a signal repeater and a user device.

Exemplary signal repeaters may be configured to communicate with the sensor module to obtain data indicative of a parameter of the wheel using short range telecommunications signals over a first distance. The parameter may be one or more of: tyre pressure, tyre temperature, a sensor module ID, a calibrated pressure or temperature and an alarm state, although not limited to these. The signal repeater may communicate with the sensor module using short range communication protocols, such as near field communication (NFC) or radio frequency (RF) communication. Exemplary signal repeaters may comprise a transmitter configured to transmit the data obtained from the sensor module to a user device (such as a mobile phone) using a telecommunication signal over a second distance greater than the first distance. For example, the signal repeater may communicate with the user device using a Bluetooth telecommunications protocol. This allows the user to obtain the desired parameter reading on the user device, without having to place the user device in close proximity to the sensor module.

Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle wheel monitoring system 1200. The vehicle wheel monitoring system comprises a sensor module 1202 coupled to a wheel 1204 of a vehicle, a signal repeater 1206 and a user device 1208. The signal repeater 1206 is configured to obtain data from the sensor module 1202 and retransmit the obtained data to the user device 1208 for display to a user. The sensor module 1202 may comprise the tyre pressure sensor module 700 described above.

Figure 13 shows an exemplary signal repeater 1300, which may be the signal repeater 1206. The signal repeater 1300 comprises a short range transmitter 1302 and a receiver 1304. The short range transmitter 1302 and receiver 1304 may be in data communication with other entities in a telecommunications network and are configured to transmit and receive data accordingly. In exemplary signal repeaters, the short range transmitter 1302 and the receiver 1304 may be configured to transmit to and receive data from a sensor module over a first distance.

The signal repeater 1300 further comprises a memory 1306 and a processor 1308.

The memory 1306 may comprise a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory. The memory 1306 may have a computer program 1310 stored therein. The computer program 1310 may be configured to undertake the methods disclosed herein. The computer program 1310 may be loaded in the memory 1306 from a non-transitory computer readable medium 1312, on which the computer program is stored. The processor 1308 is configured to undertake one or more of the functions in order to carry out the methods disclosed herein.

The signal repeater 1300 comprises a further transmitter 1314. The further transmitter 1314 may be in data communication with other entities in a telecommunications network and is configured to transmit data accordingly. In exemplary signal repeaters, the further transmitter 1314 may be configured to transmit data to a user device over a second distance greater than the first distance.

Each of the short range transmitter 1302, receiver 1304, memory 1306, processor 1308, further transmitter 1314 and indicator unit 1316 is in data communication with the other features 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308, 1314 and 1316 of the signal repeater 1300. The signal repeater 1300 can be implemented as a combination of hardware and software. In particular, the steps undertaken in methods disclosed herein may be implemented as software configured to run on the processor 1308, or as combinations of hardware and software. The memory 1306 stores the various programs/executable files that are implemented by a processor 1308, and also provides a storage unit for any required data.

Figure 14 shows an exemplary sensor module 1400, which may be the sensor module 1202 of the vehicle wheel monitoring system 1200. The sensor module 1400 is exemplary, and as mentioned above, the tyre pressure sensor module 700 may also be utilised as the sensor module 1202 of the vehicle wheel monitoring system.

The sensor module 1400 comprises a transmitter 1402 and a receiver 1404. The transmitter 1402 and receiver 1404 may be in data communication with other entities in a telecommunications network and are configured to transmit and receive data accordingly. In exemplary signal repeaters, the transmitter 1402 and the receiver 1404 may be configured to transmit to and receive data from a signal repeater, such as the signal repeater 1300.

The sensor module 1400 further comprises a memory 1406 and a processor 1408. The memory 1406 may comprise a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory. The memory 1406 may have a computer program 1410 stored therein. The computer program 1410 may be configured to undertake the methods disclosed herein. The computer program 1410 may be loaded in the memory 1406 from a non-transitory computer readable medium 1412, on which the computer program is stored. The processor 1408 is configured to undertake one or more of the functions in order to carry out the methods disclosed herein.

Each of the transmitter 1402, receiver 1404, memory 1406, processor 1408, sensor 1414 and alert generator 1416 is in data communication with the other features 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408, 1414 and 1416 of the sensor module 1400. The sensor module 1400 can be implemented as a combination of hardware and software. In particular, the steps undertaken in methods disclosed herein may be implemented as software configured to run on the processor 1408, or as combinations of hardware and software. The memory 1406 stores the various programs/executable files that are implemented by a processor 1408, and also provides a storage unit for any required data.

Figure 15 shows an exemplary user device 1500, which may be the user device 1208 of the vehicle wheel monitoring system 1200.

The user device 1500 comprises a transmitter 1502 and a receiver 1504. The transmitter 1502 and receiver 1504 may be in data communication with other entities in a telecommunications network and are configured to transmit and receive data accordingly. In exemplary user devices, the the receiver 1504 may be configured to receive data from a signal repeater, such as the signal repeater 1300.

The user device 1500 further comprises a memory 1506 and a processor 1508. The memory 1506 may comprise a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory. The memory 1506 may have a computer program 1510 stored therein. The computer program 1510 may be configured to undertake the methods disclosed herein. The computer program 1510 may be loaded in the memory 1506 from a non-transitory computer readable medium 1512, on which the computer program is stored. The processor 1508 is configured to undertake one or more of the functions in order to carry out the methods disclosed herein.

Each of the transmitter 1502, receiver 1504, memory 1506, processor 1508 and the display 1514 is in data communication with the other features 1502, 1504, 1506, 1508, and 1514 of the user device 1500. The user device 1500 can be implemented as a combination of hardware and software. In particular, the steps undertaken in methods disclosed herein may be implemented as software configured to run on the processor 1508, or as combinations of hardware and software. The memory 1506 stores the various programs/executable files that are implemented by a processor 1508, and also provides a storage unit for any required data.

The signal repeater 1300 may be configured to communicate with substantially any sensor module for coupling to a wheel of a vehicle. For example, sensor module 1400 may comprise the tyre pressure sensor module 700 described above.

In alternative systems, the sensor module 1400 may comprise a tyre pressure monitoring system (TPMS). As such, the sensor 1414 of the sensor module 1400 may comprise a pressure sensor for sensing a pressure of a fluid retained within a fluid-filled tyre (for example, a pneumatic tyre). The sensor 1414 of the sensor module 1400 may further comprise a temperature sensor configured to detect the temperature of the fluid retained within the fluid-filled tyre. The signal repeater 1300 may therefore be utilised with a sensor module comprising a TPMS to obtain pressure data and temperature data for display to the user on the user device.

In further arrangements, the signal repeater 1300 may be configured to communicate with sensor modules comprising a wheel loosening sensor configured to detect loosening of the wheel. As such, the sensor 1414 of the sensor module 1400 may comprise a wheel loosening sensor. Wheel loosening sensors may be configured to detect the relative movement between two components of the wheel loosening sensor.

In some arrangements, the relative movement may break or establish an electrical connection. Relative movement between the two components may be caused by the wheel moving away from the wheel hub or the wheel axle. As such, the wheel loosening sensor may provide an indication that a wheel is becoming loose by providing an indication of the distance of the wheel from the wheel hub or wheel axle.

In exemplary arrangements, the short range transmitter 1302 and the receiver 1304 of the signal repeater 1300 may be configured to transmit and/or receive data using short range telecommunications signals. In exemplary signal repeaters, the short range transmitter 1302 and the receiver 1304 may be configured to transmit and/or receive data using a short range telecommunications protocol with an effective range of up to 5 cm, up to 4 cm, up to 3 cm or up to 1 cm. That is, the short range telecommunications signal may not be suitable for transmitting telecommunications signals over distances greater than the effective range. In exemplary signal repeaters, the transmitter 1302 and the receiver 1304 may be configured to transmit and/or receive data using a short range radio frequency (RF) signal or an NFC signal, as discussed above.

The short range telecommunications signal transmitted by the short range transmitter 1302 to the sensor module 1400, may comprise a request for data indicative of a parameter of the wheel of the vehicle. For example, where the sensor module comprises a tyre pressure sensor module 700, the short range telecommunications signal may comprise a request for data indicative of tyre pressure. Where the sensor module 1400 comprises a TPMS, the short range telecommunications signal may comprise a request for data indicative of temperature and/or pressure. Where the sensor module 1400 comprises a wheel loosening sensor, the short range telecommunications signal may comprise a request for data indicative of the distance between the wheel and the wheel hub or wheel axle.

Similarly as described above, where the sensor module is battery-less, such as the tyre pressure sensor module 700, the telecommunications signal comprising the request may induce a voltage in the sensor module sufficient to power the sensor module to obtain the parameter reading (for example, tyre pressure) and transmit data indicative of the parameter reading to the signal repeater 1300.

In alternative arrangements, the sensor module 1400 may be battery-powered. In such arrangements, the short range telecommunications signal comprising the request may be configured to "wake up" the sensor module. That is, the sensor module may be in a sleep state in which no parameter readings are taken, or in which no parameter readings are transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor module. The short range telecommunications signal comprising the request may therefore cause the sensor module to obtain the parameter reading and transmit data indicative of the parameter reading to the signal repeater 1300.

In exemplary arrangements, the further transmitter 1314 of the signal repeater 1300 may be configured to transmit data over a second distance, greater than the first distance (that is, greater than the distance over which the short range telecommunications signals are transmitted between the sensor module and the signal repeater 1300). The further transmitter 1314 may be configured to transmit data over a range of up to 3 meters, up to 5 meters, up to 10 meters, up to 20 meters, or up to 50 meters. In some arrangements, the effective range of the further transmitter 1314 of the signal repeater 1300 may be up to 3 meters, up to 5 meters, up to 10 meters, up to 20 meters, or up to 50 meters.

The further transmitter 1314 may be configured to retransmit the data indicative of the parameter received by the signal repeater 1300 from the sensor module 1400, to the user device 1500 for display of the parameter on the display 1514 of the user device 1500. The further transmitter 1314 may be configured to transmit the data indicative of the parameter using a Bluetooth protocol. A Bluetooth protocol encompasses a protocol for allowing wireless data exchange between electronic devices using short-wavelength radio waves from 2.4 to 2.45 GHz.

Figure 16a shows a top view of an exemplary signal repeater 1600 and Figure 16b shows a rear view of the exemplary signal repeater 1600. The exemplary signal repeater 1600 may comprise the features of the signal repeater 1300 shown in Figure 13. The exemplary signal repeater 1600 may be used as a key fob and comprises a retaining feature 1602, in this case a bar that may be secured to a clip or ring, for attaching the signal repeater 1600 to a key ring.

The exemplary signal repeater 1600 may comprise a locating feature 1604 (visible in Figure 16b) configured to ensure correct positioning of the receiver and/or transmitter of the sensor module 1400, relative to the short range transmitter 1302 of the signal repeater 1300. The locating feature 1604 may comprise any of the features described above in relation to the locating feature 304 of the mobile electronic device 300.

The locating feature 1604 may be configured to co-operate with a sensor module to locate the signal repeater 1600 in a predetermined orientation and/or range of the transmitter and/or receiver of the sensor module 1400. The locating feature 1604 may be configured to receive, at least partially, the sensor module 1400. In the exemplary signal repeater 1600, the locating feature 1604 comprises a recess.

In some arrangements, the sensor module 1400 and the locating feature 1606 may be correspondingly shaped. In alternative arrangements, the sensor module 1400 and the locating feature 1604 may be of different shapes, but dimensioned such that the sensor module 1400 may be received at least partially within the locating feature 1604. As the sensor module 1400 locates within the locating feature 1604, this may signify that the sensor module 1400 is located in a position relative to the signal repeater 1600 such that transmission and reception between the two is possible.

As described above, in relation to the mobile electronic device 300, in some arrangements, an indication may be provided to the user that the sensor module 1400 and the signal repeater 1600 are located relative to each other such that transmission and reception between the two is possible. Where the sensor module is at least partially received by the locating feature 1604 of the signal repeater 1600, the indication may be the haptic indication that the user may feel when the sensor module locates within the recess of the locating feature 1604. In some arrangements, alternative and/or additional means for providing an indication to the user may be utilised. For example, magnetic force may be used.

As described above in relation to the signal repeater 1300 of Figure 13, exemplary signal repeaters may comprise an indicator unit 1316. The indicator unit may be configured to detect when a telecommunications signal is received by the signal repeater 1300 from the sensor module 1400 and then to produce an indication to the user, such as a visual, audio or haptic indication. The haptic indication may be a vibration of the signal repeater 1300.

In exemplary signal repeaters 1600 the indicator unit 1316 may be configured to detect when a telecommunications signal is transmitted from the signal repeater 1300 and to the user device 1500 and to produce an indication to the user. This indicates to the user when they can bring the signal repeater out of alignment with the sensor module 1400.

In the exemplary signal repeater 1600 of Figure 16, the indicator unit 1316 comprises an LED. The indicator unit 1216 may be configured to control the LED to illuminate when the telecommunications signal comprising the data indicative of the parameter is received from the sensor module 1400. The indicator unit 1316 may alternatively, or in addition, control the LED to illuminate when the further transmitter 1314 has transmitted the data indicative of the parameter to the user device 1500.

In further arrangements, the data received by the signal repeater 1300 from the sensor module may comprise an alarm state generated by the alarm generator 1416 of the sensor module 1400. That is, the sensor module 1400 may be configured to determine an alarm state based on the parameter reading obtained by the sensor 1414 in response to the request from the signal repeater 1300, and transmit the alarm state to the signal repeater.

The alarm state may indicate that the parameter reading exceeds a threshold value.

For example, where the parameter measured is tyre pressure, the alarm state may indicate that the pressure is too high or too low relative to a threshold pressure. Alternatively the alarm state may indicate that the rate of change of pressure is too high or too low relative to a threshold pressure rate. In exemplary signal repeaters 1600, the indicator unit 1316 may comprise a plurality of LEDs each configured to illuminate in a different colour. The indicator unit may be configured to control LEDs of a certain colour to illuminate based on the alarm state received from the sensor module, for example, the indicator unit 1316 may control a red LED to illuminate if the alarm state indicates the parameter exceeds a threshold value.

Figure 17 shows a flow diagram for obtaining a vehicle wheel parameter reading using the vehicle wheel monitoring system.

The method comprises a user of the signal repeater 1300 placing 1702 the signal repeater 1300 in proximity to the sensor module 1400. By any of the means disclosed above, the signal repeater 1300 may be configured to provide an indication to the user that the short range transmitter 1302 and the receiver 1304 of the signal repeater 1300 are located within range of transmitter 1402 and receiver 1404 of the sensor module 1400, such that communication therebetween is possible.

The short range transmitter 1302 then transmits 1704 a short range telecommunications signal to the sensor module 1400 over a first distance. The short range telecommunications signal may be transmitted to the sensor module 1400 using a short range protocol such as an NFC protocol. The short range telecommunications signal may comprise a request for a parameter reading from the sensor module 1400.

As described above, the request may induce a voltage in the sensor module sufficient to allow the sensor 1414 of the sensor module to obtain the parameter and transmit data indicative of the parameter to the signal repeater 1300. Alternatively, the request may "wake up" the sensor module 1400 from a sleep state such that the sensor 1414 of the sensor module 1400 obtains the parameter.

In response to the short range telecommunications signal, the sensor 1414 of the sensor module 1400 may obtain 1706 the parameter and the transmitter 1402 of the sensor module may transmit 1708 data indicative of the sensed parameter to the signal repeater 1300 using a short range telecommunications signal over the first distance.

The receiver 1304 of the signal repeater 1300 may receive 1710 the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module 1400. The further transmitter 1314 may then transmit 1712 the data indicative of the parameter to the user device 1500 using a telecommunications signal over a second distance, greater than the first distance. For example, the further transmitter 1314 may retransmit the data indicative of the parameter to the user device using a Bluetooth protocol.

The receiver 1504 of the user device 1500 receives 1714 the data indicative of the parameter and may display 1716 the parameter to the user on the display 1514.

In exemplary vehicle wheel monitoring systems, the sensor module 1400 may transmit identification data to the signal repeater 1300. The identification data may be unique to the sensor module. For example, a vehicle may comprise four wheels and four sensor modules (one sensor module coupled to each wheel). Each of the four sensor modules may comprise unique identification data. The identification data may associated the parameter obtained to the corresponding wheel.

The data indicative of the parameter and the identification data received by the user device 1500 may be displayed on the display 1514 of the user device 1500 to allow the user to quickly associate the parameter with a wheel of the vehicle. In some arrangements, a schematic view of a vehicle may be displayed by the user device 1500 and the identification data may be utilised to link the parameter to the corresponding wheel on the schematic vehicle.

A computer program may be configured to provide at least part of any of the above described methods. The computer program may be provided on a computer readable medium. The computer program may be a computer program product. The product may comprise a non-transitory computer usable storage medium. The computer program product may have computer-readable program code embodied in the medium configured to perform the method. The computer program product may be configured to cause at least one processor to perform some or all of the method.

Various methods and apparatus are described herein with reference to block diagrams or flowchart illustrations of computer-implemented methods, apparatus (systems and/or devices) and/or computer program products. It is understood that a block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions that are performed by one or more computer circuits. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor circuit of a general purpose computer circuit, special purpose computer circuit, and/or other programmable data processing circuit to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, transform and control transistors, values stored in memory locations, and other hardware components within such circuitry to implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks, and thereby create means (functionality) and/or structure for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block(s).

Computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.

A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium may include an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor data storage system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples of the computer-readable medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM) circuit, a read-only memory (ROM) circuit, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) circuit, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and a portable digital video disc read-only memory (DVD/Blu-ray).

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer and/or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.

Accordingly, the invention may be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) that runs on a processor, which may collectively be referred to as "circuitry," "a module" or variants thereof.

It should also be noted that in some alternate implementations, the functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the flowcharts. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. Moreover, the functionality of a given block of the flowcharts and/or block diagrams may be separated into multiple blocks and/or the functionality of two or more blocks of the flowcharts and/or block diagrams may be at least partially integrated. Finally, other blocks may be added/inserted between the blocks that are illustrated.

The skilled person will be able to envisage other embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS: 1. A vehicle wheel monitoring system comprising: a sensor module for coupling to a wheel of a vehicle and comprising: a sensor configured to measure a parameter of the wheel in response to a request, and a transmitter configured to transmit data indicative of the parameter to a signal repeater using a short range telecommunication signal over a first distance; a signal repeater comprising: a short range transmitter configured to transmit the request to the sensor module for the data indicative of the parameter using a short range telecommunication signal over the first distance, a receiver configured to receive the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module, and a further transmitter configured to transmit the data indicative of the parameter to a user device, for display of the parameter to a user, using a telecommunications signal over a second distance greater than the first distance; and a user device comprising: a receiver configured to receive the data indicative of the parameter from the signal repeater.
2. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured to transmit the data indicative of the parameter to a user device using a Bluetooth telecommunications protocol.
3. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured to transmit the telecommunications signal over the second distance at a frequency of substantially 2.45 GHz.
4. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the signal repeater further comprises a locating feature configured to provide an indication to a user of the signal repeater when the short range transmitter and/or receiver of the signal repeater is positioned to permit transmission of the short range signal from the sensor module.
5. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the locating feature is configured to receive at least part of the sensor module.
6. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein the locating feature comprises a keyed recess into which a correspondingly keyed portion of the sensor module may be received.
7. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the signal repeater further comprises an indicator unit configured to provide one or more of an audio, visual or haptic indication to the user.
8. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein the further transmitter of the signal repeater is configured, upon transmitting the data indicative of the parameter to the user device, to control the indicator unit to provide the indication to the user.
9. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the receiver of the signal repeater is configured, upon receiving the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module, to control the indicator unit to provide the indication to the user.
10. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the short range telecommunications signal transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor module further comprises identification data associated with the sensor module, and wherein the identification data is retransmitted by the further transmitter of the signal repeater, to the user device.
11. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the user device comprises a smartphone or tablet computing device.
12. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the short range transmitter and the receiver of the signal repeater are configured to transmit and receive the short range telecommunications signals using a short range telecommunications protocol configured to induce a voltage in the sensor module sufficient to power the sensor module to measure the parameter of the wheel and permit transmission of the data, by the transmitter of the sensor module, to the signal repeater.
13. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 12, wherein the short range telecommunications protocol comprises a near-field communication (NFC) telecommunications protocol.
14. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any preceding claim, wherein the sensor module comprises a tyre pressure sensor module for fitting to a valve of a fluid-filled tyre and wherein the sensor comprises a pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure of a fluid within the pneumatic tyre such that the parameter measured is pressure.
15. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 14, wherein the electronic components of the tyre pressure sensor module consist of the receiver, pressure sensor and transmitter.
16. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the tyre pressure sensor module has a weight of 4 grams or less.
17. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the sensor module does not comprise a battery.
18. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any of claims 14 to 17 when dependent directly or indirectly on any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the receiver of the signal repeater is configured to control the indicator unit to provide an indication to the user if data indicative of the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold.
19. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 18, wherein the indicator unit comprises an LED configured to illuminate if the data indicative of the pressure of the tyre exceeds the pressure threshold.
20. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the sensor module comprises a tyre temperature and pressure sensing module for fitting to the valve of a fluid-filled tyre and wherein the sensor comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a fluid within the fluid-filled tyre and a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of the fluid such that the parameter comprises tyre pressure and tyre temperature.
21. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to claim 20 when dependent directly or indirectly on any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the receiver of the signal repeater is configured to control the indicator unit to provide an indication to the user if the data indicative of the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold, or if the temperature of the fluid-filled tyre exceeds a temperature threshold.
22. A vehicle wheel monitoring system according to any of claims 1 to 20, wherein the sensor module comprises a wheel loosening sensor configured to detect loosening of the wheel.
23. A wheel of a vehicle comprising the vehicle wheel monitoring system of any of claims 1 to 22.
24. A vehicle comprising: a wheel; and the vehicle wheel monitoring system of any of claims 1 to 22.
25. A method for obtaining a reading relating to a parameter of a wheel of a vehicle from a sensor module coupled to the wheel, the method comprising: transmitting, by a short range transmitter of a signal repeater, to the sensor module, a request for data indicative of the parameter using a short range telecommunications signal over a first distance; measuring, by a sensor of the sensor module, the parameter of the wheel in response to the request; transmitting, by a transmitter of the sensor module, the data indicative of the parameter to the signal repeater using a short range telecommunication signal over the first distance; receiving, by a receiver of the signal repeater, the data indicative of the parameter from the sensor module; transmitting, by a further transmitter of the signal repeater, the data indicative of the parameter to a user device, for display of the parameter to a user, using a telecommunications signal over a second distance greater than the first distance; and receiving, by a receiver of the user device, the data indicative of the parameter from the signal repeater.