GB2512867A

GB2512867A - Improvements relating to dispensing systems

Info

Publication number: GB2512867A
Application number: GB1306410.0A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Samo Smon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-04-09
Filing date: 2013-04-09
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Also published as: GB201306410D0; WO2014167031A1

Abstract

A dispensing system for dispensing an item selected by a user, the dispensing system comprising a storage space for storing one or more items and a delivery element 12 that can fetch an item stored in the storage space and deliver it through anaperture 10 in a partition 4. The delivery element 12 is arranged to close the aperture 10 upon delivery of the item. Preferably, the delivery element 12 fits into the aperture 10 to close it, i.e. the size and shape of the delivery aperture 10 complements the size and shape of the delivery element 12. A surface of the delivery element 12 preferably sits flush with a surface of the partition 4 after delivery of the item. A control interface 18 may be provided in the form of a touch-pad incorporated into the delivery element 12.

Description

Improvements Relating to Dispensing Systems The present invention relates to apparatus for dispensing items from a storage location to a delivery location where the item may be collected by a user of the system. The items may be paid for by via an automated system before collection of the item at the delivery location. An example of such automated apparatus is a vending machine for selling and dispensing foodstuffs or drinks, which may be pre-packaged, or any other items suitable for dispensing by a vending machine.

When a customer wishes to buy an item from a vending machine, the customer typically selects the item by entering a related code into a keypad or touchscreen on the vending machine. The vending machine then displays the price of the item, and the customer pays for the item. The vending machine may be adapted to receive cash, and provide any change necessary, or to accept payment by credit or debit card, or by another proprietary payment means. Once payment has been accepted by the vending machine, the machine makes the item available at a delivery location for collection by the customer.

A problem with current vending machines is that a customer must interact with different parts of a vending machine in order to buy an item. The process of buying an item typically follows the following steps: (i) a customer selects an item using an interface at a first location on the vending machine; (U) pays for the item at a second location on the vending machine; (iH) the vending machine then retrieves the item using further separate components of the vending machine; and (iv) the vending machine delivers the item to a third location which is usually inside the vending machine.

In most vending machines the delivery location is a compartment inside the main housing of the vending machine. These vending machines generally use one of two methods to make an item available to a customer. In the first method the vending machine is arranged to drop the selected item from its storage location in the vending machine into a receptacle at the bottom of the machine. An example of a vending machine according to this first method is described in Australian Patent Application Publication No. AU 2007 200675 Al. The item is then retrieved by the customer by reaching into the receptacle through an opening. The opening may be covered by a flap which prevents the customer from seeing the location of the purchased item in the receptacle. An example of such a flap is provided in United States Patent No. US 6,386,389 B1.

An alternative vending machine of the first method that has its delivery location external to its main housing is described in UK Patent Application Publication No. GB 2 104 050 A. The vending machine described therein dispenses frozen foodstuffs by dropping them onto a chute which the end of which is outside the main housing of the machine. The end of the chute has an abutment member which prevents foodstuffs sliding off the end of the chute.

In the second method, a vending machine has a plurality of doors. The items sold by the vending machine are grouped together so that individual members of a group of items are each housed in their own compartment. The compartments of a group of items are accessed through a door dedicated to that group. For example, if a vending machine sells sandwiches, each type of sandwich may be retrieved though a separate door. Upon selection and payment of an item, the vending machine unlocks the corresponding door which allows the customer to open the door and reach into a compartment to retrieve an item.

The above methods of retrieval of an item are unwieldy and awkward. When a customer retrieves an item from a vending machine according to the first method the customer must bend down and reach into the lower part of the vending machine to tind the item.

Often the customer must locate the item by feel alone since they may not have sight of the item due to a flap covering the entrance to the receptacle. In addition, the delivery location may not be easily accessible to the customer if they have restricted movement, for example if the customer is elderly or disabled. If the vending machine utilises the second method of retrieval, the customer must reach to where the item is stored, which, again, may not be at a height or location easily accessible to the customer.

A further problem with vending machines that drop the vended item is that they are only able to sell items that will not be damaged by the drop, or which must be packaged so that they are protected against the effects of the drop. For example, there is a risk that packaged fizzy drinks sold by a drop-type vending machine will spray out of their packaging if they are opened immediately after they are delivered to a customer.

The sensation of rummaging around inside a vending machine, sometimes without being able to see the exact location of the item in the delivery location is not a pleasant experience for a customer. Due to this inelegant method of delivery of an item from a vending machine, it is a commonly held view that vending machines are inappropriate for selling expensive luxury items. This is because customers expect the experience of buying luxury items to reflect their cost. Manufactures and suppliers of luxury items are unable to meet this high expectation using current vending machines. Therefore, items supplied by vending machines are typically limited to low-cost consumable items, such as foodstuffs and drinks.

Drop-type vending machines according to the first method are therefore also undesirable for selling expensive items. This is because a customer buying an expensive item expects that item to be treated with care and respect, rather than merely released from their storage location and allowed to fall to a delivery location.

A further alternative vending machine is arranged so that the item being dispensed is not dropped. This is necessary where the vending machine dispenses drinks in an open container, as described in US Patent Application Publication No. US 200410069370 Al.

This publication describes a vending machine that prepares a hot drink in a cup within its main housing. The cup rests in a tray which is arranged to slide through an opening in the main housing once the drink is prepared. However, a problem with this vending machine is that a vandal or thief may gain access to the interior of the vending machine via the opening and steal items or damage the machine.

Therefore, there is a need for an improved system which improves the experience and security of dispensing items, for example by a vending machine.

Against this background, the invention resides in a dispensing system for dispensing an item selected by a user, the dispensing system comprising a storage space for storing one or more items; and a delivery element arranged to fetch an item stored in the storage space and deliver the item through an aperture in a partition, wherein the delivery element is arranged to close the aperture upon delivery of the item.

The invention provides a dispensing system in which a user selects an item which is delivered to the user in an elegant and graceful way. The item is conveyed by the delivery element through the aperture which may be defined by the partition. In addition, the delivery element may be in a closed configuration before it fetches the item, in which the delivery element is arranged to close the aperture. The delivery element may close the aperture by fitting into the aperture. Accordingly, the size and/or shape of the delivery element may complement the size and shape of the aperture. The partition may be planar and the cross-sectional shape of the delivery element in a plane parallel to the partition may complement the size and/or shape of the aperture.

The partition may be non-planar. For example, one portion of the partition may extend on one side of the aperture in a direction different to another portion of the partition on the other side of the aperture. The two directions may be orthogonal. One of the portions may form a shelf.

Alternatively, the partition may have a curved surface in which the aperture is defined. In this embodiment, the delivery element may have a curved surface which matches the curved surface of the partition. The curved surface of the delivery element may match the curved surface of the partition by having a radius of curvature that is the same as the radius of curvature of the surface of the partition.

The size and shape of the item may complement the size and shape of the aperture.

This optional feature prevents a thief from reaching through the aperture and stealing an item by hand, as they would be unable to steal by hand an item which fits closely through the aperture. The dispensing system may also comprise a sensor array arranged to detect unauthorised access through the aperture when the delivery element is not in the closed configuration with the aperture. The delivery element may comprise locking means to prevent the delivery element from being forced from a closed configuration with the aperture. The locking means may comprise at least one latch. The delivery element may comprise pressure sensors which trigger an alarm if the system is attacked or the delivery element is forced from a closed configuration with the aperture.

The partition and delivery element when in a closed configuration preferably presents a smooth surface to a person using the dispensing system. This gives a dispensing system according to the invention an uncluttered appearance free of compartments or other fixtures. The delivery element may complement the smooth appearance of the partition by preferably providing a surface which is flush with a surface of the partition before and/or after delivery of the item. The smooth uncluttered appearance may be enhanced by a surface of the delivery element being coplanar with a surface of the partition after delivery of the item.

The invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art dispensing systems in that an item is not dropped by a dispensing system according to the invention. In addition, the invention removes the need for a customer to reach through an opening in the main housing of a vending machine, locate and retrieve an item. Rather, the invention provides a natural and intuitive way for a customer to receive the item. The invention transports the item from one side of the partition to a delivery location on the other side of the partition, where the item is presented to the person on the surface of the delivery element. If the surface of the delivery element is co-planar and flush with the partition the effect is that the item is projecting from the partition.

Rather than the surface of the delivery element and the surface of the partition being coplanar when the delivery element delivers the item to the user, the delivery element may project from the partition when delivering an item to the delivery location. In effect providing a podium on which the item is presented. This embodiment of the invention may be modified so that the delivery element projects further from the element while remaining in a closed configuration, and deliver the item to a delivery location which is not adjacent to the closed aperture.

Alternatively, the surface of the delivery element may be recessed within the aperture in the closed configuration. Thereby providing a cavity in the partition in which the item is presented when it is delivered.

The delivery element may comprise a projection which may extend from the surface of the delivery element. The projection may be in the torm of a shelf which may support the item.

The partition may comprise one or more projections. For example, a projection may be in the form of a conduit which defines the aperture. The one or more projections may extend from the partition into or towards the storage space. Alternatively, the one or more projections may extend outwardly from the partition, for example, away from the storage space.

Using the invention gives a user of the dispensing system a more pleasant experience than compared to the systems of the prior art. This is because the user is given or presented the item by the dispensing system rather than the user having to rummage around for the item inside the dispensing system. Therefore, the invention is suitable for dispensing and/or selling any type of item, including expensive luxury items. The experience provided by the invention at least matches the expectations of a customer of a luxury goods manufacturer or supplier.

The user-friendly and simple delivery action of the invention may be triggered by the customer selecting an item to be dispensed by the system. In order to initiate the dispensing of an item, the dispensing system may comprise a control interface for selecting an item from the storage space. The control interface is preferably incorporated into the delivery element, and may comprise a touch-pad which may be flush with an outer surface of the delivery element. Instead or in addition, the control interface may include one or more push buttons, switches, a touch slider, a jog dial, or any other appropriate interface operable by a user. In a preferred embodiment, the control interface may include gesture recognition technology to detect and interpret movements of a user's body which correspond to commands for selecting an item.

A user of the dispensing system may view items located in the storage space through the partition. In order to view the items the partition may comprise a number of bars, a chain-link fence or be manufactured from transparent plastic or glass. In alternative embodiments of the invention the partition may be opaque, or manufactured from another material, such as wood, metal or concrete.

The present invention is also preferable over a vending machine that delivers an item to a delivery location exterior to the main housing of the vending machine and which has a separate shutter or door close the opening in the main housing. This is because the invention negates the need for a separate shutter or door, thus providing a simple and elegant dispensing system.

The user may selectively highlight one or more items located in the storage space using the control interface, and confirm the selection of one of the items in the storage space.

Preferably, the control interface is operable by the user when the delivery element is located within the aperture, i.e. in the closed configuration, to prevent the transit of items through the aperture. In this embodiment, the dispensing system of the invention delivers the item at the location where the user selected the item. Advantageously, the invention combines the control means for selecting an item with the apparatus for fetching the item and the apparatus for delivering the item.

The control interface may be arranged to receive data relating to an item from a remote communications device which may be a mobile phone or a smartphone. Alternatively, the remote communications device may be a computing device, such as a personal computer or a tablet computer. In an embodiment using a remote communications device to select and pay for, if necessary, an item there is no need for the customer to touch the partition or the delivery element except to remove the item from the delivery element after delivery. This is particularly useful if the system is used to dispense items from a "clean room" in a medical environment, for example. The remote communications device may be arranged to scan a machine-readable code associates with an item. The code may be a barcode or a QR-code which a user scans using a remote communications device to select the item.

Preferably the dispensing system is arranged to receive a signal, the receipt of which initiates the dispensing of the item. It may be necessary for the user to pay for the item, in which case the dispensing system may also comprise a payment system for receiving payment from the user via cash, credit card, debit card or other means. The signal may indicate that a user has paid for an item, or that the item has been selected. In a preferred embodiment, the payment system may be incorporated into the delivery element.

The dispensing system may fetch the item by moving the delivery element to the location of the item in the storage space. The dispensing system may comprise a delivery mechanism arranged to move the delivery element between the aperture and the storage space. Preferably, the delivery element is mounted on the delivery mechanism. The delivery mechanism may be located between the partition and the storage space. The delivery mechanism may be in the form of any type of robotic apparatus. Examples of robotic apparatus include a robotic arm, which may be incorporated in a humanoid robot, a flying robot, a Cartesian coordinate robot or a linear robot, or any combination of these robots.

The delivery element may form a delivery interface with the item whereby the item and delivery element cooperate to secure the item to the delivery element for delivery through the aperture. The interface may be in the form of a coupling arrangement co-operable with the item. The coupling arrangement may comprise one or more magnets or electromagnets which engage with magnetic material in or on the item. Alternatively, or in combination, the coupling arrangement may comprise a hook, a peg, VelcroTM or detachable low-tack adhesive. The partition may be orientated in any direction, for example, horizontally, vertically or diagonally. The delivery interface ensures that the item is secured to the delivery element until the user grasps the item with their hand to decouple the item from the coupling arrangement. This overcomes the problem of the item being dropped, as in vending machines according to the prior art, making it appropriate for dispensing fragile or expensive products. Since the item is secured to the delivery element, the partition and delivery element may operate in any orientation.

As is apparent from above, the user may select and pay for, if necessary, the item at the same location where the item will be subsequently delivered. The user then detaches the item from the delivery element once the item has been delivered. This overcomes the problem of a user having to select an item at a first location, pay for the item at a second location and retrieve the item from a further location. This is achieved by incorporating the control interface and payment system, if necessary, into the delivery element which delivers the item and closes the aperture.

This simplification of the process of obtaining an item improves the experience of obtaining items from a dispensing system, such as a vending machine.

The invention also reduces the number of parts required, and eliminates the need for the compartments, doors and flaps of the prior art, which makes cleaning and maintaining a dispensing system according to the invention easier and less costly.

When the delivery element moves from the aperture to fetch the item, an aperture closing member such as a door installed in the dispensing system may close the aperture. Alternatively, the dispensing system may further comprise one or more further delivery elements arranged to close the aperture when the delivery element fetches the item. The one or more further delivery elements may be mounted on a further delivery mechanism.

Once the delivery element engages with the selected item! the dispensing system may deliver the item to a delivery location, wherein the partition may separate the storage space from the delivery location.

In an alternative embodiment, the dispensing system may comprise at least one further aperture which is arranged to be closed by the delivery element or at least one further delivery element. In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of delivery elements may collaborate to deliver items through a plurality of apertures. The aperture or at least one further aperture may be installed at any height suitable for the user. For example, the aperture may be located at a low height when used to dispense items to a child, and may be installed at a greater height when used to dispense items to an adult.

The invention also resides in a method for dispensing an item selected by a user, the method comprising a delivery element fetching the selected item with, delivering the selected item through an aperture, and closing the aperture with the delivery element.

The method may further comprise receiving a signal which initiates the method. The signal may relate to the item or confirm payment for the item.

The invention also resides in a method of installing a dispensing system as described above. The system may be installed by creating an aperture in a partition, which may be a wall or window, and installing a delivery element, wherein the delivery element is arranged to fetch an item and deliver it through the aperture and close the aperture.

Accordingly, the invention is economical and easy to install. For example, a retailer or supplier may simply cut an aperture in a glass window and install the dispensing system according to the invention.

In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, by way example only, with reference to the following drawings, in which:-Figure la is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a first embodiment of the invention, wherein the system is in a closed configuration; Figure lb is a flow diagram illustrating the steps taken by a person using the invention to obtain an item; Figure 2a is a perspective schematic diagiam illustrating how an item is selected using the system according to the first embodiment of the invention; Figure 2b is a front elevation schematic diagram of a delivery element according to the invention which illustrates how an item is selected using the system according to the first embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 is a perspective schematic diagram of the system according to the first embodiment of the invention, wherein the system is in an open configuration; Figure 4 is a perspective schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the invention illustrating security features of the invention; Figure 5a is a perspective schematic diagram illustrating the process of delivering an item according to the first embodiment of the invention; Figures Sb, 5c and Sd are perspective schematic diagrams illustrating alternative coupling arrangements of the delivery element shown in Figure 5a; Figure 6 is a perspective schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the invention illustrating the configuration of the systems when the item is ready for collection; Figure 7 is a perspective schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the invention illustrating a person collecting the item; Figure 8 is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a second embodiment of the invention; Figure 9 is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a third embodiment of the invention; Figure 10 is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a fourth embodiment of the invention; Figure ha is a perspective schematic diagram illustrating how an item is selected using a system for dispensing items according to a fifth embodiment of the invention; Figure 11 b is a front elevation schematic view of a delivery element and a further delivery element according to the invention which illustrates how an item is selected using the system according to the fifth embodiment of the invention; Figure 12 is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a sixth embodiment of the invention; Figures 13 to 16 are perspective schematic diagrams of a system for dispensing items according to a seventh embodiment of the invention; Figures 17 to 22 are perspective schematic diagrams of a system for dispensing items according to an eighth embodiment of the invention; Figure 23 is a close up vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a ninth embodiment of the invention, wherein the diagram illustrates a user selecting an item; Figure 24a is a perspective schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a variation of the first embodiment of the invention, wherein the diagram illustrates attempted vandalism to the system; Figure 24b is a close up vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the system for dispensing items according to a variation of the ninth embodiment of the invention, wherein the diagram illustrates attempted vandalism to the system; Figure 25 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of the system for dispensing items according to the ninth embodiment of the invention, wherein the deliveiy element is fetching an item; Figure 26 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the system for dispensing items according to the ninth embodiment of the invention, wherein the sensor array is active; Figure 27 is a close up cross-sectional schematic diagram of the system for dispensing items according to the ninth embodiment of the invention, wherein the system has deliveied the item; Figure 28 is a close up cross-sectional schematic diagram of the system for dispensing items to a customer according to the ninth embodiment of the invention, wheiein the user has retrieved the item; Figure 29 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a tenth embodiment of the invention; Figure 30 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to an eleventh embodiment of the invention; Figure 31 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a twelfth embodiment of the invention; Figure 32 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system foi dispensing items according to a thirteenth embodiment of the invention; Figure 33 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a fourteenth embodiment of the invention; Figure 34 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a system for dispensing items according to a fifteenth embodiment of the invention; Figures 35a, 35b and 35c are schematic drawings illustrating the operation of various embodiments of a control interface; and Figures 36a, 36b and 36c are schematic drawings illustrating the operation of various further embodiments of a control interface.

Figure 1 shows a dispensing system 2 according to a first embodiment of the invention.

The system 2 includes a partition 4 which is manufactured from transparent glass, the partition 4 having an outer surface 6 and an inner surface 8. The partition 4 defines an oblong aperture 10 having a first horizontal side ba, a second horizontal side lob, a first vertical side bc and a second vertical side lOd. The aperture 10 is arranged so that its longest sides are vertical. A delivery element 12 is shown in Figure 1 in a closed configuration with the aperture 10. The delivery element 12 has a cuboid shape.

The cross-sectional shape of the delivery element 12 is slightly smaller than the size and shape of the aperture 10 and is uniform along the length of the delivery element 12. The shape and size of the cross-sectional area of the delivery element 12 complements the shape and size of the aperture 10 so that the delivery element 12 may pass through the aperture 10 with minimum clearance between the delivery element 12 and the sides ba, lOb, bc, lOd of the aperture 10. In alternative embodiments of the invention, ratherthan being oblong-shaped, the aperture 10 may have another shape which is matched by the delivery element 12. For example, the aperture 10 may be in the shape of the silhouette of a bottle, which is matched by the delivery element 12.

A surface of the delivery element 12 is flat and forms an engagement surface 14. In the closed configuration, the engagement surface 14 of the delivery element 12 is co-planar with the outer surface 6 of the partition 4, so that the engagement surface 14 is flush with the outer surface 6 of the partition 4. The engagement surface 14 of the delivery element 12 comprises positioning sensors 16 to ensure correct positioning and alignment of the delivery element 12 with the aperture 10.

The engagement surface 14 has a touch-sensitive interface 18 that is arranged to enable a customer to select and buy, if necessary, an item located in a storage space (not shown in Figure la). As described above, the invention has applications beyond selling items. For example, the invention may be used to dispense items in a in a "clean room" environment. However, for the purposes of this specific description, the invention is described with reference to the purchase of an item.

The engagement surface 14 also has an engagement means 20 arranged to engage with the selected item. In this embodiment of the invention the engagement means 20 comprises three magnets 20a, 20b, 20c. However, other engagement means such as one or more pegs or hooks, or VelcroTM may be used instead or in combination with the magnets.

The storage space is located on the far side the partition, as viewed in Figure la. It contains one or more items (not shown in Figure la) which may be viewed through the partition 4. The delivery element 12 is mounted on a delivery mechanism (not shown in Figure la) that is arranged to move the delivery element 12 from the aperture 10 to the location of an item in the storage space. The dispensing system 2 also incorporates a payment system (not shown in Figure 1) for displaying the cost of the selected item and taking payment from a customer once they have confirmed the item, if payment is required. The payment system includes a means for receiving payment by credit or debit card, cash or an online payment, for example using FayFal.

A sensor array 22 is located above the aperture 10. When the delivery element 12 is not in a closed configuration with the aperture 10, the sensor array 22 detects if there is any attempt at unauthorised access through the aperture 10.

A method of selecting and purchasing an item from a dispensing system 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention is now described. The steps of the method of selecting and dispensing an item according to the invention are described with reference to Figure lb. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the operation of the engagement surface 14 of the delivery element 12. The engagement surface 14 comprises a control interface 24 which is touch-sensitive so that it detects the movement of a user's hand 26 across the engagement surface 14. The control interface 24 is used to select an item in the storage space. Initially, at step 31, the dispensing system 2 is in the closed configuration. In other words the aperture 10 is closed. The user approaches the dispensing system 2, at step 33, which is arranged to highlight items in the storage space as the user moves their hand 26 across the engagement surface 14. For example, if the user moves their fingers 26 across the engagement surface 14 to the top left of the engagement surface 14 the item which can be seen in the top left of the storage space, as viewed through the partition 4, is highlighted by the dispensing system 2. The item may be highlighted by shining a spotlight on it. The selection is confirmed, at step 35, by double-tapping the engagement surface 14 at the point on the engagement surface 14 corresponding to the item selected by the user.

Accordingly, a customer wishing to purchase an item from the dispensing system 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention selects an item for purchase by moving their fingers 26 across the engagement surface 14 until the desired item is highlighted.

Once the selection by the customer has been confirmed by double-tapping the engagement surface 14, at step 35, the customer pays for the item using the payment system, if necessary. Once the dispensing system 2 confirms payment, a signal is generated by the payment system 2 and received by the delivery mechanism 2 which, at step 37, instigates movement of the delivery element 12 from the aperture 10 to the selected item. Accordingly, the aperture 10 is now in an open configuration, as shown in Figure 3.

When the aperture 10 is in the open configuration the sensor array 22 monitors the aperture 10 for unauthorised objects attempting to pass through the aperture 10. The sensor array 22 comprises a plurality of lasers which generate laser beams 28 which extend parallel to the partition 4 and across the aperture 10. The laser beams are 28 broken when an object, such as a hand, passes through the aperture 10. When the laser beams 28 are broken a speaker 30 provides an auditory alarm and an indicator 32 provides a visual alarm, as illustrated in Figure 4. These alarms alert the operator of the dispending system 2 of the unauthorised access, enabling appropriate action to be taken.

Each item in the storage space has an attachment means co-operable with the engagement means. Figure 5a shows three vertically arranged magnets 20a, 20b, 20c on the engagement surface 14 of the delivery element 12. An item 34 in the form of a box has magnetic material 21a, 21b, 21c in the same configuration at the magnets 20a, 20b, 20c of the delivery element 12. After the customer confirms their selection, and has paid for the item 34, if necessary, the delivery mechanism moves the delivery element 12 to the item 34 and aligns the magnets 20a, 2Db, 20c with the magnetic material 21a, 21b, 21c on the box so that each of the magnets 20a, 2Db, 20c engages the respective magnetic material 20a, 2Db, 20c on the box so that the delivery element 12 forms a delivery interface 36 with the item 34.

Figure Sb shows a first alternative delivery element 38 that has five magnets 40a, 4Db, 40c, 40d, 40e. A first alternative item 44 is shown after collection by a user. Two magnets 40a, 4Db are located in an upper portion of the engagement surface 14 in a side-by-side arrangement; two magnets 40d, 40e are located in a lower portion of the engagement surface 14 in a side-by-side arrangement; and the final magnet 40c is located at the centre of the engagement surface 14. The item 44 has magnetic material 42a, 42b, 42c, 42d, 42e arranged in a matching configuration.

Figure Sc shows a second alternative delivery element 44 that has seven magnets 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e, 46f, 46g and a first alternative item 48 after collection by a user, wherein three magnets 46a, 46b, 46c are located in an upper portion of the engagement surface in an [-shaped configuration; three magnets 46e, 46f, 46g are located in a lower portion of the engagement surface in a 180° rotated L-shaped configuration; and the final magnet 46d is located at the centre of the engagement surface 14. The item 48 has magnetic material arranged in a matching configuration.

Figure Sd shows a third alternative delivery element 52 that has six magnets 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f and a third alternative item 56 after collection by a user, wherein two magnets 54a, 54b are located in an upper portion of the engagement surface 14 in a side-by-side arrangement; two magnets 54c, 54d are located in a centre portion of the engagement surface 14 in a side-by-side arrangement; and two magnets 54e, 54f are located in a lower portion of the engagement surface 14 in a side-by-side arrangement.

The item 56 has magnetic material 58a, 58b, 58c, 58d, 58e, 58f arranged in a matching configuration.

Once engaged with the delivery element, at step 39, the item is moved from its location in the storage space to a delivering location adjacent to the aperture 10 in the storage space, as shown in Figure 5a. The item 34 has a cross-section which has a shape and size slightly smaller than the shape and size of the engagement surface 14. To ensure that the item 34 may be passed through the aperture 10 for collection by the customer, the item 34 is aligned facing the aperture 10.

The item 34 is then moved by the delivery element 12 through the aperture 10 in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the partition, as indicated by dashed arrows 60. The delivery element 12 comes to a stop when it reaches the closed configuration with the aperture 10.

At this point the item 34 has reached its delivery location, at step 41, where it protrudes from the outer surface 6 of the partition 4, as illustrated in Figure 6, thereby allowing the customer, at step 43, to collect the item 34 from the delivery element 12, as illustrated in Figures Sb, Sc, Sd and 7. The dispensing system 2 provides a thank you message via the speaker 30 and/or the indicator 32. Since the delivery element 12 stops when at the aperture, at step 41, the dispensing system 2 is in a closed configuration.

Figure 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention, in which a delivery mechanism 62 and a storage space 64 of a dispensing system 2 are shown in addition to a partition 66 and a delivery element 68. In this embodiment, the partition 66 is in the form of a wall and the delivery element 68 is mounted on a horizontal track 70 which is arranged to enable side-to-side movement of the delivery element 68. Each end of the horizontal track 70 is mounted on a vertical track 72a, 72b which each extend from a height near the base of the partition 66 to a height near the top of the partition 66. The vertical tracks 72a, 72b enable up-and-down movement of the horizontal track 70 and the delivery element 68. Figure 8 shows the delivery element 68 in a closed configuration with an aperture 74.

Figure 9 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention in which shows a delivery mechanism 76 in the form of a robotic arm, and the storage space 66 of the dispensing system 2 is shown in addition to a partition 78 and a delivery element 80. In this embodiment, the partition 78 is in the form of a wall and the robotic arm comprises a rotating base 82 mounted on a foot 84. A first arm 86 is pivotally mounted to the base 82 at one of its ends, and at its other end it is pivotally mounted to a second arm 88 at one end of the second arm. The delivery element 80 is pivotally mounted at the other end of the second arm 88. Figure 9 shows the delivery element 80 in a closed configuration with an aperture 90.

Figure 10 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the invention, in which a partition 92 is horizontal. The partition 92 forms a table top rather than a vertical wall. The partition 92 is made of glass and has an aperture 94, aligned in a closed configuration with a delivery element 96. The glass partition 92 is supported by support walls 98 which are also manufactured from glass. The delivery element 96 is mounted on a delivery mechanism 99 which comprises an upper horizontal track 100 which is arranged to enable side-to-side movement of the delivery element. Each end of the upper horizontal track 100 is mounted on a vertical track 72a, 72b to enable up-and-down movement of the horizontal track 100 and delivery element 96. Each vertical track 72a, 72b is mounted on a lower horizontal track 102a, 102b which enables side-to-side movement in directions orthogonal to the upper horizontal track 100. In all, the delivery mechanism 99 enables movement of the delivery element 96 along three mutually orthogonal axes in the manner of a Cartesian coordinate robot.

Figure 11 a illustrates a fifth embodiment of the invention which has all the features of the second embodiment of the invention and, in addition, a further delivery element 69.

When the delivery element 68 is in the closed configuration with the aperture 74, the further delivery element 69 is in a stand-by position on the far side of the partition 66.

Figure llb is a close up view of the engagement surface 14 of the delivery element 68 and the further delivery element 69 and illustrates a method of operation of the fifth embodiment of the invention. A customer elects and confirms their selection in the same way as described in the above embodiments of the invention. However, when the delivery mechanism 62 moves the delivery element 68 from the closed configuration with the aperture 74, the further delivery element 69 takes its place in a closed configuration with the aperture 74. As shown in Figure ha, once a customer has confirmed their selected item the delivery element 68 moves to the selected item as indicated by arrow 104. The further delivery element 69 moves to take its place in a closed configuration with the aperture 74, as indicated by arrow 106.

The delivery element 68 then engages with the item, as described above. As the delivery element 68 returns to deliver the item, the further delivery element 69 moves back to its original position thereby allowing the delivery element 68 to deliver the item through the aperture 74.

Figure 12 illustrates a sixth embodiment of the invention which has all the features of the third embodiment of the invention. In addition, the sixth embodiment of the invention includes a further delivery mechanism 77 in the form of a further robotic arm comprising a further rotating base 83 mounted on a further foot 85. A further first arm 87 is pivotally mounted to the further rotating base 83 at one of its ends, and at its other end it is pivotally mounted to a further second arm 89 at one end of the further second arm 89. A further delivery element 81 is pivotally mounted at the other end of the further second arm 89.

As in the fifth embodiment of the invention, when the delivery element 80 is in the closed configuration with the aperture 90, the further delivery element 81 is in a stand-by position on the far side of the partition 78. When a customer confirms their selected item the delivery mechanism 76 moves the delivery element 80 from the aperture 90 to the selected item and the further delivery element 81 moves to take its place in a closed configuration with the aperture 90. Once the delivery element 80 has engaged with the item, as described above, the delivery element 80 returns to deliver the item. The further delivery element 81 then moves back to its stand-by position thereby allowing the delivery element 80 to deliver the item through the aperture 90.

Figures 13 to 16 illustrate a seventh embodiment of the invention in which a partition 108 forms a window into the storage space 110. The storage space 110 is arranged so that the items 112 are arranged along a shelf 114 on the far side of the partition. The seventh embodiment has a first delivery element 116 in a closed configuration with the aperture 118, and a second delivery element 120. In order to select an item for delivery, a customer selects and confirms an item using the first delivery element 116, as shown in Figure 13.

Upon confirmation, the second delivery element 120 moves to and engages with the selected item 112, as shown in Figure 14. The item 112 is transported by the second engagement element 120 to a location opposite the aperture 118, as shown in Figure 15.

The first delivery element 116 is moved from the closed configuration to one side of the aperture 118. so that the aperture 118 is in an open configuration, and the item 112 is delivered through the aperture 118 to a delivery location, as shown in Figure 16, for collection by a customer.

Alternatively, rather than having a pair of delivery elements, the dispensing system may comprise a door which closes the aperture when the delivery element is not in the closed configuration with the aperture. The door may be a hinged door, spring loaded door, sliding door, pivoting door or a roller door, as required.

Figures 17 to 22 illustrate an eighth embodiment of the invention. The eighth embodiment has a vertical partition 122 which defines an aperture 124, and a storage space 126 in which items 128 are stored. A delivery mechanism 130 is in the form of a robotic arm which is located between the partition 122 and the storage space 126. The robotic arm comprises a foot 132 on which a base portion 134 is slidably mounted. The base portion 134 may move in a linear direction towards the partition 122 or towards the storage space 126. The base portion 134 is also rotatable about a vertical axis. A first aim 136 is pivotally mounted to the base portion 134 at one of its ends, and at its other end it is pivotally mounted to a second arm 138 at one end of the second arm 138. A delivery element 140 is pivotally mounted at the other end of the second arm 138. Figure 17 shows the delivery element 140 in a closed configuration with the aperture 124.

A customer selects and confirms their chosen item 128 using the delivery element 140, as described in the above embodiments and illustrated in Figure 18. Upon confirmation, the delivery element 140 moves from the aperture 124, so that the aperture 124 is in the open configuration. Once the delivery element 140 is clear of the aperture 124, the base portion 134 rotates 180° and slides towards the storage space 126. The delivery element then engages with an item 128, as shown in Figure 19.

Once engaged with the item the base portion 134 rotates 180° and slides towards the partition 122, and the arms 136, 138 are configured so that the item 128 is positioned facing the aperture, as shown in Figure 20. The item 128 is then delivered through the aperture 124, as shown in Figure 21, before being collected by the customer, as illustrated in Figure 22.

Figure 23 illustrates a ninth embodiment of a dispensing system 2 according to the present invention. The system 2 according to the ninth embodiment includes a partition 142. the partition 142 having an outer surface 144 and an inner surface 146. The partition 142 defines an aperture 148. A delivery element 150 is shown in a closed configuration with the aperture 148. The delivery element 150 has a flat cuboid shape.

The height of the delivery element 150 is slightly smaller than the vertical height of the aperture 148. An outer surface 152 of the delivery element 150 is flat and forms an engagement surface 154 which is flush and co-planer with the outer surface 144 of the partition 142.

The engagement surface 154 of the delivery element 150 comprises positioning sensors 156 to ensure correct positioning and alignment of the delivery element 150 with the aperture 148. The engagement surface 154 of the delivery element 150 also comprises magnets 158 for coupling an item to the delivery element 150; and a touch-sensitive control interface 160 that is arranged to enable a customer to select and buy an item located in a storage space (not shown in Figure 23).

A sensor array 162 is located above the aperture 148. When the delivery element 150 is not in a closed configuration with the aperture 148, the sensor array 162 detects if there is any attempt at unauthorised access through the aperture 148.

The delivery element 150 is mounted on a mounting bed 164 which is pivotally connected to a robotic arm 166.

Figures 24a and 24b illustrate variations on the first and ninth embodiments of the invention respectively that incorporate a set of pressure sensors 168 to measure the pressure applied to the delivery element and a locking mechanism to prevent unauthorised movement of a delivery element 170.

The pressure sensors detect pressure applied to the delivery element 170. When the pressure exceeds a pre-determined threshold an alarm may be activated.

The locking mechanism comprises a first latching mechanism 172 that extends between an upper side 174a of an aperture 174 and the upper portion of the delivery element 170; and a second latching mechanism 176 that extends between a lower side 174b of the aperture 174 and the lower portion of the delivery element 170. The locking mechanism serves to secure the delivery element 170 in the aperture 174. When the delivery element 170 is in the closed configuration, the latching mechanisms 172, 176 lock the delivery element 170 in the aperture 174 to reduce the risk of the delivery element 170 being forced from the aperture 174. In turn, this reduces the risk of theft of items from the dispensing system 2 or damage from vandalism.

Referring back to the ninth embodiment of the invention, once an item has been selected by the user of the system, the robotic arm 166 moves the delivery element 150 from the aperture 148 to the storage space, as illustrated in Figure 25. As it does so, the sensor array 162 is activated to detect any unauthorised access through the aperture 148, as illustrated in Figure 26.

In the storage space, the magnets 158 of the engagement surface 154 couple with complementary magnetic material 159 on the item 178. The delivery element 150 then delivers the item 178 through the aperture 148 and closes the aperture 148, as illustrated in Figure 27. The user retrieves the item 178 by grasping it with their hand 180 to decouple the magnets 158 from the magnetic material 159, as illustrated in Figure 28.

In this embodiment of the invention, when the delivery element 150 reaches the delivery position shown in Figure 28, the engagement surface 154 of the delivery element 150 is slightly proud of the outer surface 144 of the partition 142, while in a closed configuration with the aperture 148. Alternatively, as described with reference to previous embodiments of the invention, the engagement surface 154 may be flush with the outer surface 144 of the partition 142 when the delivery element 150 reaches the delivery position.

Figure 29 illustrates an tenth embodiment of the invention wherein while closing an aperture 182 to prevent unauthorised access though the aperture 182, a delivery element 184 protrudes from the outer surface 186 of a partition 188 to deliver the item to a delivery location.

In a eleventh embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 30, when in the delivery position an engagement surface 185 of the delivery element 184 is recessed in the aperture 182. This forms a cavity defined by the engagement surface 185 and the inner side walls of the aperture 182. The aperture 182 remains closed in this embodiment to prevent unauthorised access though the aperture 182.

In a twelfth embodiment shown in Figure 31, the delivery element 184 has a shelf member 187 that extends from the engagement surface 185. An item 181 rests on the shelf 187 and is shown in the delivery location, wherein the delivery element 184 closes the aperture 182.

In a thirteenth embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 32, the partition 188 may not be planar. Figure 32 shows a partition 188 which comprises an inwardly extending conduit 190. Since Figure 32 is a vertical cross-section, upper and lower portions the conduit 190 are shown. However! the conduit 190 defines the aperture 182 which is closed by the delivery element 184 which has delivered the item 181.

Alternatively, according to a fourteenth embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 33, a conduit 191 may extend outwardly from the partition 188. Again, the conduit 191 defines an aperture 182 which is closed by the delivery element 184 which has delivered the item 181.

Figure 34 illustrates a fifteenth embodiment of the invention in which the partition 188 has a lower portion 189a that defines a shelf, and an upper portion 189b which is planar.

The aperture 182 is defined between the two partition portions 189a, 189b which is closed by the delivery element 184 which has delivered the item 181.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the control interface may incorporate a touch-screen which displays images of the items available from the dispensing system.

Figure 35a illustrates a control interface 190 and a mode of operation of the control interface 190 in which linear movement of a user's hand 192 is detected, as described above.

The control interface may be separate from the delivery element. For example, the control interface may be a touch-screen adjacent to the dispensing system which may incorporate the payment system. Alternatively, the control interface may be provided on a tablet computer 194, as illustrated in Figure 35b, or a mobile telephone 196, as illustrated in Figure 35c.

The control interface may be adapted to interpret other movement of the user's hand 192. For example, movement of the user's hand 192 against the control interface 190 in a circular manner may be detected, as illustrated generally in Figure 36a. Figure 36b illustrates this mode of operation of the control interface on the tablet computer 194, and Figure 36c illustrates this mode of operation on the mobile telephone 196, as illustrated in Figure 35c. Other forms of selection means, such as a linear slider or rotatable dial may be used to highlight different items available from the dispensing system.

As illustrated Figures 35b, 35c, 36b and 36c, the dispensing system 2 may incorporate wireless communication means in the form of a mobile device such as a tablet computer 194 or a mobile telephone 192. This enables a customer to select and pay for an item using a wireless communication means. For example, a customer may download an app to a smart phone or other mobile device which communicates with a dispensing system 2 via a wireless communication means, such as a mobile telecommunications network, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or the Internet.

Alternatively, each item dispensed by a system 2 according to the invention may have a code associated with it which may be scanned by a wireless device. The code may be a barcode or a OR code which is readable by the wireless device. The wireless device then uses the code to obtain details of the desired item.

Rather than touching the surface of the engagement means of a delivery element to select an item, the customer may use their mobile device to highlight and/or select the item they are interested in. The mobile device may also be used to pay for the item, for

example, via PayPal.

In further embodiments of the invention there may be a plurality of apertures in a partition or a plurality of partitions, with one or more delivery elements to deliver items from a storage space to customers.

Furthermore, the partition may be constructed from other materials other than transparent glass. For example, the partition may form part of a wooden or plastic billboard for advertising, wherein the aperture is defined by the billboard.

It will be clear to the skilled person that modifications may be made to the above described systems and methods without departing from the scope of the invention as set out in the following claims.

Claims

Claims 1. A dispensing system for dispensing an item selected by a user, the dispensing system comprising: a storage space for storing one or more items; and a delivery element arranged to fetch an item stored in the storage space and deliver the item through an aperture in a partition, wherein the delivery element is arranged to close the aperture upon delivery of the item.
2. A dispensing system according to Claim 1, wherein the item is delivered to a delivery location, and the partition separates the storage space from the delivery location.
3. A dispensing system according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the delivery element fits into the aperture to close the aperture.
4. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the size and shape of the delivery aperture complements the size and shape of the delivery element.
5. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the partition is planar and the cross-sectional shape of the delivery element in a plane parallel to the partition and complements the shape of the aperture.
6. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein a surface of the delivery element is flush with a surface of the partition after delivery of the item.
7. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein a surface of the delivery element is coplanar with a surface of the partition after delivery of the item.
8. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system comprises a control interface for selecting an item from the storage space.
9. A dispensing system according Claim 8, wherein the control interface is incorporated into the delivery element.
10. A dispensing system according to Claim 8 or 9, wherein the control interface comprises a touch-pad which is flush with an outer surface of the delivery element.
11. A dispensing system according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, wherein the control interface is operable by a user when the delivery element is located within the aperture.
12. A dispensing system according to any one of Claims 8 to 11, wherein the control interface is arranged to receive data relating to an item from a remote communications device.
13. A dispensing system according to Claim 12, wherein the remote communications device is a mobile phone or a smartphone.
14. A dispensing system according to Claim 12, wherein the remote communications device is a computing device, such as a personal computer or a tablet computer.
15. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system comprises a payment system for receiving payment from a user of the system.
16. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the delivery element is arranged to convey the item through the aperture.
17. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the delivery element has a coupling arrangement co-operable with the item to secure the item to the delivery element.
18. A dispensing system according to Claim 17, wherein the coupling arrangement comprises a magnet.
19. A dispensing system according to Claim 17, wherein the coupling arrangement comprises a hook.
20. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system comprises a delivery mechanism arranged to move the delivery element between the aperture and the storage space.
21. A dispensing system according to Claim 20, wherein the delivery element is mounted on the delivery mechanism.
22. A dispensing system according to Claim 20 or 21, wherein the delivery mechanism is located between the partition and the storage space.
23. A dispensing system according to any one of Claims 20 to 22, wherein the delivery mechanism is in the form of one or more of a robotic arm, a flying robot, a Cartesian coordinate robot or a linear robot.
24. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system further comprises at least one further delivery element arranged to close the aperture when the delivery element fetches the item.
25. A dispensing system according to Claim 24, wherein the at least one further delivery element is mounted on one or further delivery mechanisms.
26. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system comprises at least one further aperture which is arranged to be closed by a delivery element.
27. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the item is viewable through the partition when it is located in the storage space.
28. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system is arranged to receive a signal that initiates the dispensing of an item.
29. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system comprises a sensor means arranged to detect unauthorized access through the aperture when the delivery element fetches the item.
30. A dispensing system according to any preceding claim, wherein the dispensing system is arranged to selectively highlight one or more items located in the storage space.
31. A method of installing a dispensing system according to any preceding claim.
32. A method for dispensing an item selected by a user, the method comprising fetching the selected item with a delivery element; delivering the selected item through an aperture; and closing the aperture with the delivery element.
33. A method as claimed in Claim 32, wherein the method further comprises receiving a signal which initiates the method.
34. A system or method as herein described with reference to one or more of the figures.