ES2289822T3 - Lampara de led. - Google Patents
Lampara de led. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2289822T3 ES2289822T3 ES99944640T ES99944640T ES2289822T3 ES 2289822 T3 ES2289822 T3 ES 2289822T3 ES 99944640 T ES99944640 T ES 99944640T ES 99944640 T ES99944640 T ES 99944640T ES 2289822 T3 ES2289822 T3 ES 2289822T3
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- lamp
- led
- column
- substrate
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
- F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
- F21K9/232—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/60—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
- F21V29/67—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/60—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
- F21V29/67—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
- F21V29/677—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans the fans being used for discharging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
- F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
- F21V29/83—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks the elements having apertures, ducts or channels, e.g. heat radiation holes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/03—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type
- F21S8/033—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type the surface being a wall or like vertical structure, e.g. building facade
- F21S8/036—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type the surface being a wall or like vertical structure, e.g. building facade by means of a rigid support, e.g. bracket or arm
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2107/00—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
- F21Y2107/40—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on the sides of polyhedrons, e.g. cubes or pyramids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
- F21Y2113/17—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources forming a single encapsulated light source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S362/00—Illumination
- Y10S362/80—Light emitting diode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S362/00—Illumination
- Y10S362/802—Position or condition responsive switch
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Lámpara de LED que comprende una columna (1), un casquillo (2) de lámpara que está conectado a un extremo de dicha columna y un sustrato (3) que está conectado al otro extremo de dicha columna y que está dotado de un número de LED (4); caracterizada porque el sustrato comprende un poliedro regular de al menos cuatro caras, en el que las caras del poliedro están dotadas de al menos un LED que, durante el funcionamiento de la lámpara, presenta un flujo luminoso de al menos 5 lm, y en la que dicha columna está dotada de medios de disipación de calor que interconectan el sustrato y el casquillo de lámpara.
Description
Lámpara de led
La invención se refiere a una lámpara de LED que
comprende una columna, un casquillo de lámpara que está conectado a
un extremo de la columna y a un sustrato que está conectado al otro
extremo de la columna y que está dotado de un número de LED.
Una lámpara de LED (diodo emisor de luz) de este
tipo se conoce de la publicación de patente inglesa GB 2.239.306.
Dicha publicación describe más particularmente una lámpara de LED
que puede utilizarse de manera adecuada con fines decorativos. La
lámpara conocida comprende una base tradicional con un casquillo BC
o un casquillo de rosca continental, una columna que aloja la
electrónica necesaria para hacer funcionar los LED, así como un
sustrato que es simétrico de manera circular cuando se ve en la
dirección del eje longitudinal de la lámpara, sustrato en el que
están incorporados un número de LED individuales. Los colores
generados por los diferentes LED durante el funcionamiento de la
lámpara pueden ser distintos. Utilizando un control de tiempo de
conmutación regulable, es posible generar efectos de iluminación
específicos y patrones de iluminación con la lámpara conocida.
La lámpara conocida presenta un número de
inconvenientes. Uno de estos inconvenientes es que la lámpara puede
utilizarse sólo con fines de señalización, llamando la atención los
LED de la lámpara a través de una frecuencia específica de
destellos regulable. La lámpara conocida no puede garantizar
iluminación uniforme y continua con un flujo luminoso alto. Además,
la fabricación de la lámpara conocida es relativamente complicada.
Esto es de aplicación en particular si la lámpara conocida debe
dotarse de un gran número de LED.
Es un objetivo de la invención superar el
inconveniente anteriormente mencionado. La invención pretende de
manera más particular proporcionar una lámpara de LED que pueda
fabricarse en serie de manera relativamente sencilla, y que pueda
hacerse funcionar de modo que se obtenga iluminación continua,
uniforme con un alto flujo luminoso.
Estos y otros objetivos de la invención se
consiguen mediante una lámpara de LED del tipo mencionado en el
párrafo inicial, que se caracteriza porque el sustrato comprende un
poliedro regular de al menos cuatro caras, estando dotadas las
caras del poliedro de al menos un LED que, durante el funcionamiento
de la lámpara, presenta un flujo luminoso de al menos 5 lm, y la
columna está dotada de medios de disipación de calor que
interconectan el sustrato y el casquillo de lámpara.
La lámpara inventada permite conseguir
iluminación de alta intensidad, uniforme y continua. Se ha
descubierto que los LED que presentan un flujo luminoso de 5 lm o
superior pueden utilizarse de manera eficaz sólo si la lámpara
comprende medios de disipación de calor. Las lámparas incandescentes
tradicionales sólo pueden sustituirse por lámparas de LED que están
dotadas de LED que presentan tal flujo luminoso alto. Un aspecto
particular de la invención reside en que los medios de disipación de
calor extraen el calor, generado durante el funcionamiento de la
lámpara, desde el sustrato a través de la columna hasta el casquillo
de lámpara y la red eléctrica conectada a la misma.
El uso de un sustrato que está compuesto de un
poliedro regular de al menos cuatro caras permite conseguir la
iluminación uniforme que se pretende. El poliedro regular se conecta
a la columna, preferiblemente, a través de un vértice. Sin embargo,
el poliedro puede en principio conectarse a la columna en el centro
de una de las caras. La mayor uniformidad en la iluminación se
obtiene si cada una de las caras está dotada del mismo número de
LED del mismo tipo.
En experimentos que conducen a la presente
invención, se ha descubierto que pueden conseguirse resultados
favorables con poliedros en la forma de un octaedro (poliedro
regular de ocho caras) y dodecaedro (poliedro regular de doce
caras). Se consiguen, sin embargo, mejores resultados con sustratos
en la forma de un hexaedro (poliedro de seis caras, cubo). En la
práctica se ha descubierto que ya puede obtenerse una buena
uniformidad en la distribución de la luz utilizando sustratos en la
forma de un tetraedro (poliedro regular de cuatro caras, pirámide).
En una realización alternativa el sustrato comprende un cuerpo en
tres dimensiones como una esfera o un elipsoide, o un casquete de
esfera o de un elipsoide.
Una realización favorable de la lámpara de LED
se caracteriza porque la lámpara también está dotada de una
envoltura (semi)transparente. Esta envoltura puede fabricarse
de vidrio, pero preferiblemente se fabrica de una resina sintética.
La envoltura sirve como una protección mecánica para los LED.
Además, la envolvente puede contribuir a obtener la iluminación
uniforme que puede obtenerse con la lámpara.
Una realización interesante adicional de la
lámpara de LED se caracteriza porque los medios de disipación de
calor comprenden una conexión metálica entre el sustrato y el
casquillo de lámpara. Se ha descubierto que una conexión de este
tipo, que puede consistir preferiblemente en una capa de cobre,
disipa adecuadamente el calor desde el sustrato hasta el casquillo
de lámpara. En principio, la columna puede consistir en su totalidad
en un material conductor de calor, por ejemplo un metal tal como
cobre o una aleación de cobre. En este caso, debe garantizarse que
la electrónica presente en la columna esté aislada eléctricamente de
manera adecuada de la columna metálica. Preferiblemente, el
sustrato también está fabricado de un metal, tal como cobre o una
aleación de cobre.
\global\parskip0.900000\baselineskip
Otra realización más de la lámpara de LED se
caracteriza porque se incorporan medios en la columna, que se
utilizan para generar un flujo de aire en la lámpara. Tales medios,
preferiblemente en la forma de un ventilador, pueden utilizarse,
durante el funcionamiento de la lámpara, para generar refrigeración
por aire forzado. En combinación con los medios de disipación de
calor, esta medida permite obtener una buena disipación de calor
adicional desde la columna y el sustrato.
Una realización adicional de la lámpara de LED
inventada se caracteriza porque las caras del poliedro están
dotadas de una disposición de LED, que comprende preferiblemente al
menos un LED verde, al menos uno rojo y al menos uno azul o al
menos un LED verde, al menos uno rojo, al menos uno amarillo y al
menos uno azul o al menos un LED blanco. En virtud de la forma del
sustrato, una disposición de LED de este tipo puede proporcionarse
fácilmente, a menudo como una disposición de LED separada, sobre las
caras del sustrato. Esto es de aplicación en particular cuando las
caras del sustrato poliédrico son sustancialmente planas. Una
disposición de LED de este tipo comprende generalmente un número de
LED que se prevén sobre una placa de circuito impreso (PCB,
Printed Circuit Board) plana. En la práctica, dichos LED no
pueden fijarse fácilmente a un sustrato que no está plano. Si se
utilizan LED con un flujo luminoso alto (5 lm o superior), entonces
tradicionalmente se utiliza un denominado PCB de núcleo metálico.
Un PCB de este tipo presenta una conducción de calor relativamente
alta. Proporcionando estos PCB sobre el sustrato (preferiblemente
metal) mediante un adhesivo conductor de calor, se obtiene una
disipación de calor muy buena desde las disposiciones de LED hasta
la columna.
Utilizando una o más combinaciones de LED de los
colores verde, rojo y azul o verde, rojo, amarillo y azul para cada
cara de sustrato, puede obtenerse una lámpara de LED que emite luz
blanca. Tales combinaciones de LED compuestas de tres LED
diferentes se prevén preferiblemente con un sistema óptico
secundario, en el que los colores anteriormente mencionados se
mezclan para obtener luz blanca. Otra realización interesante de la
lámpara de LED se caracteriza porque la lámpara está dotada de
medios para cambiar el flujo luminoso de los LED. Si la columna
está dotada de la electrónica adecuada para este fin, entonces esta
medida permite obtener una lámpara de LED atenuable. La función de
atenuación se activa preferiblemente mediante un anillo de
regulación que se une a la columna en la ubicación del casquillo de
lámpara. Es obvio que, si se utiliza una envoltura en la lámpara, el
anillo de regulación debe situarse fuera de la envoltura.
Una realización interesante adicional de la
lámpara de LED inventada se caracteriza porque la lámpara está
dotada de medios para variar mutuamente el flujo luminoso de los LED
previstos en las diversas caras del sustrato. La electrónica
necesaria para esta función se incorpora en la columna de la
lámpara. Utilizando esta medida, es posible cambiar la distribución
de luz espacial de la lámpara de LED. Si se utilizan LED de
diferentes colores, es también posible regular el color y la
distribución de color de la lámpara de LED. La distribución del
color y/o distribución de luz se regula preferiblemente mediante un
anillo de regulación, que está conectado a la columna en la
ubicación del casquillo de lámpara. Es obvio que, si se utiliza una
envoltura en la lámpara, el anillo de regulación debe situarse
fuera de la envoltura.
Éstos y otros aspectos de la invención serán
evidentes a partir de y se aclararán con referencia a la(s)
realización(es)
descrita(s) en lo sucesivo.
descrita(s) en lo sucesivo.
En los dibujos:
la figura 1 es una vista de una primera
realización de la lámpara de LED inventada,
la figura 2 es una vista de una segunda
realización de la lámpara de LED inventada,
la figura 3 es una vista en sección, esquemática
de dos tipos de LED para su uso en la lámpara de LED inventada,
la figura 4 muestra un ejemplo de una posible
aplicación de la lámpara de LED inventada.
Se observa que partes iguales en las diferentes
figuras se indican por números de referencia iguales.
La figura 1 muestra una primera realización de
la lámpara de diodos emisores de luz (lámpara de LED) inventada.
Esta lámpara comprende una columna (1) hueca, tubular, que está
conectada por un extremo a un casquillo (2) de lámpara. El otro
extremo de la columna (1) está conectado a un sustrato (3), que está
dotado de un número de LED (4). El espacio dentro de la columna (1)
hueca aloja la electrónica necesaria para controlar los LED (4).
Durante el funcionamiento de la lámpara, estos LED generan un flujo
luminoso de 5 lm o superior. La lámpara está dotada adicionalmente
de una envoltura (5) de una resina sintética, que envuelve la
columna (1) del dispositivo y el sustrato (3). Se hace hincapié en
que a pesar de la presencia de la envoltura (5), se consigue el
efecto de la actual invención en la lámpara de LED.
En el ejemplo descrito en el presente documento,
el sustrato (3) presenta la forma de una pirámide regular con
cuatro caras planas y está conectado a la columna (1) del
dispositivo a través de un vértice de la pirámide. La cara exterior
del sustrato (3) se fabrica de un metal o una aleación metálica,
permitiendo de ese modo una buena conducción de calor desde los LED
(4) hasta la columna (1). En el presente caso, dicha superficie
exterior del sustrato está fabricada de una aleación de cobre. Cada
una de las caras de la pirámide está dotada de un número (cinco o
seis) de LED (4), que están fijados a las caras mediante un adhesivo
conductor de calor. En este ejemplo, se utilizan LED simples del
mismo tipo, que tienen sólo un punto de luz por LED (normalmente
denominado como un LED monochip). En consecuencia, la lámpara de LED
mostrada es monocromática.
La cara exterior de la columna (1) de la lámpara
de LED está fabricada de un metal o una aleación metálica. Esto
permite lograr una buena conducción de calor desde el sustrato (3)
hasta el casquillo (2) (metálico) de lámpara. En el ejemplo
presente, se utiliza una aleación de cobre para la columna. El uso
de los medios de disipación de calor anteriormente mencionados
permite utilizar LED con el flujo luminoso relativamente alto sin
problemas térmicos en una lámpara de LED del tipo anteriormente
descrito.
La lámpara de LED mostrada en la figura 1
comprende también medios (no mostrados) para generar un flujo de
aire en la lámpara. Estos medios consisten en un ventilador que se
incorpora en la columna (1), ventilador que genera un flujo de aire
durante el funcionamiento de la lámpara. Este flujo de aire abandona
la columna (1) a través de orificios (6) previstos en la columna, y
vuelve a introducirse en la columna a través de los orificios (7)
previstos en la columna. Conformando y situando adecuadamente los
orificios (6), el flujo de aire se dirige pasando por un número
sustancial de LED presentes en el sustrato (3). En virtud de los
mismos, se obtiene una disipación de calor mejorada desde el
sustrato y los LED.
La figura 2 muestra una segunda realización de
la lámpara de LED inventada. Como la primera realización, esta
realización comprende una columna (1), un casquillo (2) metálico de
lámpara, un sustrato (3) metálico con LED (4), una envoltura (5)
(no necesaria), así como orificios (6) de salida y orificios (7) de
entrada para un flujo de aire generado mediante la refrigeración
por aire forzado.
En el ejemplo descrito con respecto a la figura
2, el sustrato (3) tiene forma de cubo con seis caras planas, y
está conectado a la columna (1) a través de un vértice del cubo. El
sustrato (3) está fabricado de un metal o una aleación metálica,
permitiendo conseguir de ese modo una buena conducción de calor
desde los LED (4) hasta la columna. En el presente caso, el
sustrato está fabricado de una aleación de cobre. Cada una de las
caras de la pirámide está dotada de un número (ocho o nueve) de LED
(4), que están fijados a las caras mediante un adhesivo conductor
de calor. En este ejemplo, se utilizan LED multichip, presentando
cada uno tres puntos de luz (verde, rojo y azul) por LED o cuatro
puntos de luz (verde, rojo, amarillo y azul) por LED. Estos colores
se mezclan para obtener luz blanca en el sistema óptico secundario
de cada uno de los LED. En consecuencia, durante el funcionamiento
de la lámpara de LED mostrada, se obtiene luz blanca.
La lámpara de LED según la figura 2 también está
dotada de un anillo (8) de regulación para cambiar simultáneamente
el flujo luminoso de los LED. Mediante este anillo de regulación, la
lámpara puede por así decirlo atenuarse. La lámpara puede también
estar dotada de un segundo anillo de regulación (no mostrado),
mediante el que el flujo luminoso de los LED previstos en las
diferentes caras del sustrato puede cambiarse entre sí. Esta medida
permite regular la distribución de luz espacial de la lámpara. La
lámpara puede también estar dotada de un anillo de regulación
adicional (no mostrado), mediante el que el flujo luminoso de los
tres puntos de luz de cada LED puede cambiarse entre sí. Esta
medida permite cambiar el color de la luz emitida por la
lámpara.
La figura 3 es una vista en sección, esquemática
de tres tipos de LED (4) que pueden utilizarse adecuadamente en la
lámpara de LED inventada. La figura 3-A muestra un
LED que comprende LED monochip, que presentan cada uno sólo un
punto (11) de luz por cada LED. Este punto (11) de luz está colocado
sobre un denominado MC-PCB (12), que es responsable
de una buena transferencia de calor. El punto (11) de luz está
dotado de un sistema (13) óptico primario, mediante el que puede
influirse en la característica de radiación del LED. El LED (4)
también está dotado de dos conexiones (14) eléctricas. A través de
estas conexiones, se suelda el LED al sustrato (3). Un adhesivo
conductor de calor entre el MC-PCB (12) y el
sustrato (3) es responsable de una buena disipación de calor desde
el LED hasta el sustrato.
La figura 3-B muestra los
denominados LED multichip, presentando cada uno tres puntos (11) de
luz (verde, rojo y azul) por LED. Si fuera necesario, estos tres
colores se mezclan para obtener luz blanca en el sistema (13)
óptico primario de cada uno de los LED. Se obtiene un mejor mezclado
de color para formar luz blanca si se prevé adicionalmente una
óptica de mezclado secundaria por encima de los LED multichip. Esta
situación se muestra en la figura 3-C. Estos LED
multichip también comprenden un denominado MC-PCB
(12) y conexiones (14).
Si se emplean LED (4) monochip de los colores
verde, rojo y azul sobre el sustrato (3), es conveniente agrupar
estos LED en tríos, y proporcionar un sistema (15) óptico secundario
adicional por encima de los sistemas ópticos primarios. De esta
manera se obtiene un buen mezclado de color de luz verde, roja y
azul. Esta situación se muestra esquemáticamente en la figura
3-D.
La figura 4 muestra esquemáticamente una
aplicación de una lámpara de LED, que requiere una distribución de
luz asimétrica. La lámpara (20) de LED se utiliza como iluminación
exterior y está situada sobre un soporte (21) que está fijado a la
pared (22) de un edificio. El flujo luminoso necesario en la
dirección de la pared es mucho más pequeño que en la dirección
opuesta. La distribución de luz asimétrica necesaria para este fin
puede regularse simplemente mediante una lámpara de LED tal como se
describe con referencia a la figura 3.
La lámpara de LED según la invención puede
fabricarse fácilmente y muestra, durante el funcionamiento de la
lámpara, un flujo luminoso relativamente alto.
Claims (7)
1. Lámpara de LED que comprende una columna (1),
un casquillo (2) de lámpara que está conectado a un extremo de
dicha columna y un sustrato (3) que está conectado al otro extremo
de dicha columna y que está dotado de un número de LED (4);
caracterizada porque el sustrato comprende un poliedro
regular de al menos cuatro caras, en el que las caras del poliedro
están dotadas de al menos un LED que, durante el funcionamiento de
la lámpara, presenta un flujo luminoso de al menos 5 lm, y en la
que dicha columna está dotada de medios de disipación de calor que
interconectan el sustrato y el casquillo de lámpara.
2. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque la lámpara está dotada también de una
envoltura (5) (semi)transparente.
3. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque los medios de disipación de calor
comprenden una conexión metálica entre el sustrato y el casquillo
de lámpara.
4. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque se incorporan medios (6) en dicha
columna, que se utilizan para generar un flujo de aire en la
lámpara.
5. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque las caras del poliedro están dotadas de
una disposición de LED, que preferiblemente comprende al menos un
LED verde, al menos uno rojo y al menos uno azul o al menos un LED
verde, al menos uno rojo, al menos uno amarillo y al menos uno azul
o al menos un LED blanco.
6. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque la lámpara está dotada de medios (8)
para cambiar el flujo luminoso de los LED.
7. Lámpara de LED según la reivindicación 1,
caracterizada porque la lámpara está dotada de medios para
variar mutuamente el flujo luminoso de los LED previstos sobre las
diversas caras del sustrato.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98203104 | 1998-09-17 | ||
EP98203104 | 1998-09-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2289822T3 true ES2289822T3 (es) | 2008-02-01 |
Family
ID=8234124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES99944640T Expired - Lifetime ES2289822T3 (es) | 1998-09-17 | 1999-09-13 | Lampara de led. |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6220722B1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1047903B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP4290887B2 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1125939C (es) |
DE (1) | DE69936375T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2289822T3 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2000017569A1 (es) |
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- 1999-09-13 JP JP2000571186A patent/JP4290887B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-13 WO PCT/EP1999/006731 patent/WO2000017569A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-13 EP EP99944640A patent/EP1047903B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 ES ES99944640T patent/ES2289822T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-16 US US09/397,741 patent/US6220722B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-12 US US09/781,485 patent/US6499860B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000017569A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
US6499860B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 |
EP1047903B1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
DE69936375D1 (de) | 2007-08-09 |
DE69936375T2 (de) | 2008-02-28 |
CN1277665A (zh) | 2000-12-20 |
US6220722B1 (en) | 2001-04-24 |
US20010014019A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
JP2002525814A (ja) | 2002-08-13 |
JP4290887B2 (ja) | 2009-07-08 |
CN1125939C (zh) | 2003-10-29 |
EP1047903A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
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